119:). This book provided the seeds for Baedeker's own travel guides. After Johann August Klein (1778–1831) died and the book went out of print, Baedeker decided to publish a new edition, incorporating some of Klein's material but also added many of his own ideas into what he thought a travel guide should offer the traveller or reader. Baedeker aimed to free the traveller from having to look for information anywhere outside the travel guide: about routes, transport, accommodation, restaurants, tipping, sights, walks and prices.
358:
1045:
Piehler at his London residence. In 1948, when Karl
Friedrich decided to re-establish the Baedeker firm in Malente (British zone, in Germany), his publishing licence was endorsed by Piehler, who was then a colonel in British Intelligence and the head of the 'books and publications' division in the district. Upon his return to England, Piehler continued editing the English guides well into his eighties. In the meantime, his brother had been editing the new Baedeker
388:. Fritz ventured into territory none of his predecessors had covered before, inside and outside Europe e.g. Russia, Sweden, Norway, Palestine, Syria, Egypt, Greece, the Mediterranean, USA, Canada, India and South East Asia. Plans to publish guides on China and Japan had to be abandoned when war broke out in 1914. At home, the list of guides on German regions and cities continued to grow. His was the golden age of Baedeker travel guides.
27:
898:
783:. Multi-coloured with copious illustrations and in many languages, they now cover most of the popular tourist destinations in the world. Over 150 guides have been published already and the list keeps growing, as well as the number of languages in which they are published. In Britain, the guides have been published in collaboration with the British
450:. The war had not only wreaked havoc on tourism, it had also resulted in anti-German sentiments around the world, particularly in America and France, where the guidebooks had been very popular and from where tourists had come in droves. Rising inflation, too, played its part in affecting tourism and the balance sheet of the publishing house.
499:, who had been vetting Baedeker guides, proposing and effecting changes in the text, as they saw fit, and laying down to whom certain guides could be sold. Baedeker was asked to publish a guidebook for the German Army of Occupation in Poland, with history written as the Nazis wished it to be written, as the introduction to the 1943 book
596:. His uncle Hans had decided to stay on in Leipzig, which was now under the jurisdiction of the Russians who had not granted him a publishing licence. However, they were very close and Karl could draw on his uncle's experience to get things going. Even before the outbreak of war, Hans used to tell him:
56:" (a term sometimes used to refer to similar works from other publishers, or travel guides in general), contain, among other things, maps and introductions; information about routes and travel facilities; and descriptions of noteworthy buildings, sights, attractions and museums, written by specialists.
1044:
Hermann
Augustine Piehler (1888−1987)—better known as H.A. Piehler in the publishing world—was an Englishman of German descent who became the chief editor of the English editions after the Muirheads left. During his student days, Karl Friedrich Baedeker had spent a year in England and had lived with
962:
The
Scottish brothers James Francis Muirhead (1853−1934) and Findlay Muirhead (1860−1935) played a significant role in popularising the English guidebooks worldwide. James, the elder brother, had been taken on as editor of the English editions by Fritz Baedeker in 1879, at age 25; Findlay joined him
352:
Wagner & Debes made a very important contribution to the guidebooks, providing them not only with the best maps in the world, many in color, but also with superb ground plans of palaces, churches, gardens, museums and castles, and with some extraordinary panoramas of Alpine ranges and other such
760:
Following the death of
Florian, his mother, Karl Friedrich's widow Eva Baedeker, née Konitz (1913−1984), piloted the firm until she died in 1984. She was the last Baedeker to play an active role in running the Baedeker publishing house founded in 1827, and negotiated the sale of the Freiburg branch
445:
1925−1943: Hans
Baedeker (1874−1959), the eldest son of Fritz Baedeker, took charge of the company in difficult times. His two brothers, Ernst and Dietrich, were with him, running the company. The firm had lost heavily by investing in government bonds during the
383:
The expansion was fast and furious. New editions were now printed by several
Leipzig printers, but the bulk of the revised editions of pre-1872 guides continued to be printed where all Baedeker guides had been produced before—the G.D. Baedeker printing works in
308:
Karl
Baedeker II worked with his younger brother Fritz, who joined the firm in 1869 as a partner and became the general manager. In 1877 (according to the source cited here) Karl, afflicted with an incurable mental condition, moved to a sanatorium near
77:, Germany. He was the eldest of ten children of Gottschalk Diederich Bädeker (1778–1841), who had inherited the publishing house founded by his own father, Zacharias Gerhard Bädeker (1750–1800). The company also published the local newspaper, the
656:(Baedekers Shell Guides) were designed to fit into a man's jacket pocket or in the glove compartment of a car. The first ones covered Germany and were a huge success. Guides on other European countries followed in both German and English.
663:
guide in German, English and French, the
Baedeker brand had been well and truly re-established. Florian, his only son, was by his side and his cousin Hans, the son of his uncle Dietrich, was engaged in producing the motoring guides from
480:, the London publishing house, which represented Baedeker in Britain, and continued to do whatever he could to rejuvenate the firm at home. On July 1, 1927, Hans celebrated the centenary of its foundation by holding a reception at the
191:
1861−1877: Karl
Baedeker II (1837−1911) continued the work started by his brother Ernst. In addition to the ongoing revision of existing guides, he published 14 new guides: four in German, seven in English and three in French. viz.
157:, he had spent some time at the English publishing house "Williams & Norgate" in London. On New Year's Day, 1859, he joined his father's publishing firm as a partner and just ten months later he was running it on his own.
992:
was, in effect, a one-man triumph for James F. Muirhead... Travelling by boat, railway and horse, he personally visited the greater part of the districts described and threw in an excursion to Mexico for good measure.
433:
international geopolitical and economic conditions. Consequently, in 1920, Fritz broke with tradition and for some time thereafter, Baedeker guides to German cities and regions carried a limited amount of advertising.
584:. During the war, he saw active service and rose to the rank of captain. Towards the closing stages of the war, he was taken prisoner in Austria by the Americans. After the war, he moved to Malente-Gremsmühlen in
604:
Some
American, British and German publishers had tried hard to buy the 'Baedeker' name, which was still a world brand, thinking that Karl Friedrich would be only too pleased to sell. However, as he said to
873:
The previous German editions had four main sections: "Background", "Tours", "Destinations from A to Z" and "Practical Information from A to Z". MairDumont added a fifth section in each guidebook entitled
484:"Harmonie", a popular venue for such events. The firm did make some progress and he managed to produce twelve new titles in German and five in English, though these included those commissioned by the
421:
Fritz Baedeker became the most successful travel guide publisher of all time and turned the publishing house into the most famous and reputable publisher of travel guides in the world. In 1909,
640:, and Kurt Mair (1902–1957), the German printer and publisher based in Stuttgart, to produce a series of motoring guides. Baedeker would provide the text and Mair the finished product. The
1005:. In the preface to "The United States", the publishers acknowledged Muirhead's work in producing the travel guide. The 724-page fourth edition, published in 1909, included excursions to
101:
In 1832 Baedeker's firm acquired the publishing house of Franz Friedrich Röhling in Koblenz, which in 1828 had published a handbook for travellers by Professor Oyvind Vorland entitled
613:"The war had been almost too much for us. But I never seriously considered any of the offers. I had been brought up to regard Baedeker as a family company. It was as simple as that."
686:
With the rise of air travel in the 1960s and 1970s, Baedeker entered a new era. In 1974, the first post-war international guidebook appeared, financed largely by the German airline
1213:
369:
By and large, it was the sheer technical skill of the staff at Wagner & Debes that kept the Baedeker guides well ahead of their rivals in this particular aspect of publishing.
321:
1869−1925: Under Fritz Baedeker (1844−1925) the company grew rapidly. In 1870, the Baedeker bookselling business was sold. In 1872, he moved the company's headquarters from
860:
logo in the title, with the German editions doing the same in 2013. This marked the beginning of a new era in the appearance and content of modern Baedekers under the
425:
conferred an honorary Ph.D. (a rare honour at the time) on him at its 500th anniversary convocation. This era in its history was brought to an end by the outbreak of
492:
and in 1929 its eighth English edition, which many travel guidebooks connoisseurs and collectors consider to be the two finest Baedeker travel guides ever published.
437:
Fritz Baedeker's released 39 guidebooks in German from 1872 to 1925, and 21 in English from 1872 to 1914. Twelve French titles were published between 1882 and 1910.
914:
Please remove or replace such wording and instead of making proclamations about a subject's importance, use facts and attribution to demonstrate that importance.
1052:
The Baedekers acknowledged the commitment of the Muirheads and Piehler to their firm and the contribution they had made to the success of Verlag Karl Baedeker.
160:
His tenure at the helm of the firm saw the publication of three new travel guides in 1861 viz the first Baedeker travel guide in English, the handbook on "The
520:, which was now in the Russian zone. The Russians had not granted Baedeker a publishing licence. Hans got round this by having 10,000 copies printed by the
528:. However, after some 1000 copies had been sold, the Russians said the guidebook contained military secrets in the form of a map showing the site of their
950:. His son Ernst had worked in London before joining Verlag Baedeker in 1859, and was entrusted with the task of preparing the first Baedeker in English.
633:, the London publisher, once again helped the Baedeker firm with another loan and he published more city and regional guides in the years that followed.
461:
made things even worse for anything connected with tourism. For the Baedeker publishing house it culminated in the destruction of their headquarters in
706:
in 1971, he had devoted himself to matters relating to book publishing under the guidance of his father, and had helped him with the preparation of the
1332:
588:, where his wife and sister were living and which was in the British zone. Here, he worked in local government until 1948, latterly sorting out the
659:
Karl Friedrich was now operating on two fronts. He continued to produce city and regional guides from Malente and with the publication of his 1954
749:", first published in 1844, was the title of Florian's own guide, published in 1978. It is considered by many to be one of his best city guides.
765:
before she died. However, the "Karl Baedeker" brand name has been retained by all subsequent owners of the company, in one form or another.
1425:
391:
Fritz also had the good fortune to have three of his four sons − Hans, Ernst and Dietrich − beside him in the firm, as editors and writers.
907:
842:
702:
Florian Baedeker (1943−1980), the only son of Karl Friedrich Baedeker, succeeded him when he died in 1979. After completing his studies in
476:
Hans was extremely proud of what the Baedeker clan had achieved and not one to give up trying to revive the firm. He received a loan from
1221:
1102:
1430:
86:, and the family expected that Karl, too, would eventually join the firm. Karl worked with his father until 1827 when he left for
636:
In 1951, Karl Friedrich and Oskar Steinheil, a pre-war Baedeker editor, signed an agreement with Shell AG, the subsidiary of
123:
94:) to start his own bookselling and publishing business. Karl changed the spelling of the family name from Bädeker with the
418:
became an English-language term for the purpose of traveling in a country to write a travel guide or travelogue about it.
336:
and establish a new company with Ernst Debes, a talented cartographer from "Justus Perthes" a leading cartography firm in
133:
Karl Baedeker had three sons, Ernst, Karl and Fritz and after his death each, in turn, took over the running of the firm.
1374:
1197:
1126:
929:
1168:
752:
Florian Baedeker, a keen parachute jumper, was killed in a parachuting accident on October 26, 1980. He was 36.
1264:
819:
operated by the Mairs publishing group, were merged and housed together in Ostfildern/Kemnat as "Karl Baedeker
668:. Dietrich's other son Otto also helped run the firm until 1971 when he left to join another publishing house.
145:, his eldest son Ernst Baedeker (1833−1861) became the head of the firm. After his training as a bookseller in
127:
963:
later as joint editor. They were responsible for all the Baedeker editions in English for almost forty years.
788:
1336:
1435:
495:
Hans Baedeker's released 10 guidebooks in German between 1928 and 1942. Several were commissioned by the
523:
629:
and contained some advertising to balance the books, as did some of his other contemporaneous titles.
573:
395:
III, the fourth son, entered academia and rose to become a professor of physics at the University of
392:
880:" ("Experience and Enjoy"). These new Baedeker guides were the first such guidebooks to incorporate
329:, a major move forward, as most of the reputable major German publishing houses were located there.
340:. The new company was named "Wagner and Debes" with offices adjacent to the new Baedeker address.
170:), the first of a series on Italy, which his father had planned and one in French, also on Italy (
1071:
122:
While the concept of a travel guide-book already existed (Baedeker emulated the style of English
53:
465:, with total loss of the firm's archives, in the early hours of December 4, 1943 when Britain's
1096:
827:. The ownership of the new venture was split down the middle between Langenscheidt and Mairs.
130:), Baedeker innovated in including detailed information on routes, travel and accommodation.
711:
680:
672:
552:
414:, as they came to be known universally. The Baedeker travel guides became so popular that
8:
982:
714:. Florian also carried out most of the work involved in preparing the city guides titled
606:
403:
in August 1914. It was his son Karl Friedrich who revived Verlag Karl Baedeker after the
341:
310:
997:
emerged as a most impressive piece of work—the first comprehensive guide to the country.
589:
585:
422:
95:
17:
1214:"Book And Magazine Collector RIP; Or, Long Live CAMBO. « A New Look At Old Books"
856:'s name and firm. The new English Baedekers produced by MairDumont dispensed with the
577:
400:
1370:
1289:
1193:
637:
513:
592:
archives when he decided to revive the family publishing business under the name of
332:
He also persuaded Eduard Wagner, the Baedeker cartographer in Darmstadt, to move to
73:(1801–1859) descended from a long line of printers, booksellers and publishers from
1405:
852:, became the 100% owner of Verlag Karl Baedeker, along with all rights attached to
630:
581:
477:
454:
404:
1369:]. Mainzer Studien zur Neueren Geschichte (in German). Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
264:
Northern Italy (as far as Leghorn, Florence and Ancona, and the Island of Corsica)
1025:
947:
466:
447:
300:
L'Italie troisième partie : L'Italie du Sud, La Sicille et les îles Lipari
183:
in Egypt and his younger brother, Karl, assumed charge of the publishing house.
1173:
1061:
470:
357:
249:
488:. He also published the 1928 one-volume eighth and revised German edition of
1419:
1311:
1293:
1091:
1066:
943:
853:
847:
808:
804:
762:
742:
457:
put paid to any hopes of an early recovery in its fortunes. The arrival of
142:
70:
41:
946:
recognised the importance of publishing his guides in English as well as in
779:(travel guides), published in collaboration with the German insurance group
622:
974:
guide is the sole classic Baedeker to have been published only in English.
807:
following the death of Eva Baedeker. In 1987, both Baedeker branches, the
580:
in 1914. He had worked as an editor at the firm before the outbreak of the
146:
49:
1190:
Baedekeriana: An Anthology: Michael Wild: 9780956528902: Amazon.com: Books
33:
guide for 1937 is typical of most of the different country guides produced
1401:
1033:
1010:
881:
861:
738:
715:
485:
429:, after which the house of Baedeker went into decline, the victim of the
426:
1410:
966:
James Findlay is given the credit for two-thirds of the content in the
218:
Italien Dritter Teil: Unter-Italien, Sizilien und die Liparischen Inseln
1029:
723:
600:"You're the oldest Baedeker of the next generation. You will carry on."
531:
374:
671:
In 1956, Karl Friedrich moved his field of operations from Malente to
1095:
816:
727:
687:
676:
665:
647:
180:
154:
45:
617:
In December 1949, he published his first offering—10,000 copies of
410:
During his reign, which lasted over 50 years, Fritz produced 73 new
812:
800:
719:
430:
87:
1242:
1001:
It took James Muirhead two and a half years to research and write
26:
1367:
Baedeker and Cook: Tourism in the Middle Rhine 1756 to about 1914
780:
746:
694:
in German, which had the look of traditional pre-war Baedekers.
626:
517:
481:
462:
333:
326:
322:
150:
114:
91:
1363:
Baedeker & Cook: Tourismus am Mittelrhein 1756 bis ca. 1914
1018:
1014:
824:
784:
703:
458:
104:
Rheinreise von Mainz bis Cöln; ein Handbuch für Schnellreisende
572:
1948−1979: Karl Friedrich Baedeker (1910−1979) was the son of
734:
683:
where Volkmar Mair, the son of Kurt Mair, was now in charge.
496:
385:
361:
Map of Switzerland, published in a 1913 Baedeker travel guide
337:
164:" (from Switzerland to Holland), a guide in German on Italy (
161:
110:
80:
74:
1309:
1036:. His brother joined him in the venture shortly afterwards.
547:(including South Eastern France and Corsica), an edition of
1006:
820:
396:
1390:
981:, which ran to four editions while he was with the firm.
292:
L'Itale deuxième partie : L'Italie centrale et Rome
741:
city which was first covered in a Baedeker guidebook by
1127:"Results for 'bn:3-89525-830-X' [WorldCat.org]"
1411:
Early Baedeker guidebooks in the travel!digital Corpus
1395:
803:
Baedeker branch was acquired by the German publisher
1162:
1160:
179:
Ernst Baedeker died unexpectedly on 23 July 1861 of
1166:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
773:Since 1979 Baedeker travel guides have appeared as
1417:
1137:
557:Madeira, Canary Islands, Azores, Western Morocco
539:New English titles during this time were 1927's
1312:"Der Neue Baedeker | Baedeker Reiseführer"
977:James Muirhead's worked on the 1893 edition of
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1360:
1243:"Startseite » Gesellschaft Harmonie e.V"
957:
529:
516:Baedeker and the last one to be published in
1106:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1039:
887:
875:
865:
836:
774:
733:He also produced several short city guides.
679:operation moved to Ostfildern/Kemnat in the
651:
641:
521:
500:
313:where he remained for the rest of his life.
298:
290:
282:
274:
216:
210:Italien Zweiter Teil: Mittel-Italien und Rom
208:
200:
171:
165:
102:
78:
1310:Mairdumont Gmbh & Co. Kg (2012-12-19).
1305:
1303:
1110:
908:promotes the subject in a subjective manner
52:. The guides, often referred to simply as "
23:German publisher of worldwide travel guides
745:himself in his most celebrated guidebook "
567:
1167:Herbert Warren Wind (22 September 1975).
1028:, Findlay launched his own series of the
930:Learn how and when to remove this message
48:and pioneer in the business of worldwide
1300:
1090:
970:guidebook, first published in 1894. The
536:, and confiscated the remaining copies.
356:
258:Southern Germany and the Austrian Empire
25:
562:
117:; A Handbook for Travellers on the Move
1418:
815:and the Baedeker Autoführer Verlag in
787:and in the USA by Macmillan Travel, a
248:Southern Italy (including Sicily, the
59:
1286:Basel : Stadtführer (Book, 1978)
1265:"Results for 'au:Baedeker, Florian.'"
1084:
576:III, who was killed in action at the
1426:Book publishing companies of Germany
1262:
1187:
891:
905:This section contains wording that
697:
186:
13:
1354:
910:without imparting real information
141:1859−1861: Following the death of
14:
1447:
1384:
650:was born. The slim guides called
399:. He was killed in action at the
377:, refers to the Baedeker maps as
316:
136:
1335:. Blueguides.com. Archived from
896:
794:
440:
64:
1431:Publishing companies of Germany
1325:
755:
1278:
1256:
1235:
1206:
1181:
870:" ("Knowledge opens worlds").
789:Simon & Schuster Macmillan
730:, published in the mid-1970s.
1:
1077:
830:
710:guide, released for the 1972
469:bombarded the city. See also
1333:"History of the Blue Guides"
776:Baedeker Allianz Reiseführer
44:on 1 July 1827, is a German
7:
1398:, a resource for collectors
1055:
838:Mairs Geographischer Verlag
643:Baedekers Autoführer-Verlag
530:
373:Michael Wild, the Baedeker
10:
1452:
958:James and Findlay Muirhead
768:
690:—the voluminous 872-page
653:Baedekers Shell-Autoführer
524:Bibliographisches Institut
15:
1040:Hermann Augustine Piehler
1032:, published in London by
888:Baedeker English editions
98:to Baedeker around 1850.
1169:"The House of Baedecker"
31:Baedeker's Great Britain
1402:Baedecker Travel Guides
1103:Encyclopædia Britannica
1072:List of Baedeker Guides
568:Karl Friedrich Baedeker
541:Tyrol and the Dolomites
502:Das Generalgouvernement
1361:Benedikt Bock (2010).
1218:anewlookatoldbooks.com
1188:Wild, Michael (2010).
1097:"Baedeker, Karl"
999:
876:
866:
837:
785:Automobile Association
775:
652:
642:
621:. This was printed in
615:
602:
522:
501:
371:
362:
355:
299:
291:
283:
275:
242:Central Italy and Rome
217:
209:
201:
172:
166:
103:
79:
34:
1245:. Harmonie-leipzig.de
987:
877:Erleben und Geniessen
681:district of Esslingen
611:
598:
367:
360:
350:
346:The House of Baedeker
173:Italie septentrionale
109:A Rhine Journey from
29:
867:Wissen öffnet Welten
712:Munich Olympic Games
673:Freiburg im Breisgau
563:History (since 1948)
473:for Baedeker Raids.
379:a feast for the eye.
225:New English titles:
38:Verlag Karl Baedeker
16:For other uses, see
983:Herbert Warren Wind
823:" with a branch in
607:Herbert Warren Wind
342:Herbert Warren Wind
311:Esslingen am Neckar
270:New French titles:
196:New German titles:
60:History (1827−1948)
1436:Travel guide books
954:appeared in 1861.
619:Schleswig-Holstein
590:Schleswig-Holstein
586:Schleswig-Holstein
553:1936 Olympic Games
423:Leipzig University
363:
35:
18:Baedeker (surname)
1003:The United States
995:The United States
990:The United States
979:The United States
942:From the outset,
940:
939:
932:
638:Royal Dutch Shell
631:Allen & Unwin
514:post-World War II
478:Allen & Unwin
1443:
1406:Internet Archive
1380:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1263:Baedeker, Karl.
1260:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1220:. Archived from
1210:
1204:
1203:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1164:
1135:
1134:
1123:
1108:
1107:
1099:
1088:
935:
928:
924:
921:
915:
900:
899:
892:
879:
869:
851:
840:
778:
698:Florian Baedeker
655:
645:
582:Second World War
535:
527:
504:
455:Great Depression
405:Second World War
353:two-star vistas.
344:, the author of
302:
294:
286:
278:
220:
212:
204:
187:Karl Baedeker II
175:
169:
106:
85:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1416:
1415:
1387:
1377:
1357:
1355:Further reading
1352:
1351:
1342:
1340:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1317:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1270:
1268:
1261:
1257:
1248:
1246:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1227:
1225:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1200:
1186:
1182:
1165:
1138:
1125:
1124:
1111:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1058:
1042:
1026:First World War
1017:in addition to
960:
936:
925:
919:
916:
913:
901:
897:
890:
845:
841:, now known as
833:
797:
771:
758:
700:
675:. In 1972, the
578:Battle of Liège
570:
565:
467:Royal Air Force
448:First World War
443:
401:Battle of Liège
319:
189:
139:
67:
62:
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1449:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1399:
1393:
1386:
1385:External links
1383:
1382:
1381:
1376:978-3631595817
1375:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1324:
1314:. Baedeker.com
1299:
1277:
1267:. Worldcat.org
1255:
1234:
1205:
1199:978-0956528902
1198:
1180:
1174:The New Yorker
1136:
1109:
1094:, ed. (1911).
1092:Chisholm, Hugh
1082:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1062:Baedeker Blitz
1057:
1054:
1041:
1038:
959:
956:
938:
937:
904:
902:
895:
889:
886:
832:
829:
796:
793:
770:
767:
757:
754:
699:
696:
569:
566:
564:
561:
512:was the first
471:Baedeker Blitz
442:
439:
318:
317:Fritz Baedeker
315:
306:
305:
304:
303:
295:
287:
279:
268:
267:
266:
260:
254:
250:Lipary Islands
244:
238:
232:
223:
222:
221:
213:
205:
188:
185:
138:
137:Ernst Baedeker
135:
66:
63:
61:
58:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1448:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404: at the
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1378:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1339:on 2012-12-13
1338:
1334:
1328:
1313:
1306:
1304:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1266:
1259:
1244:
1238:
1224:on 2012-10-17
1223:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1201:
1195:
1191:
1184:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1067:Karl Baedeker
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
998:
996:
991:
986:
984:
980:
975:
973:
969:
964:
955:
953:
949:
945:
944:Karl Baedeker
934:
931:
923:
911:
909:
903:
894:
893:
885:
883:
878:
871:
868:
863:
859:
855:
854:Karl Baedeker
849:
844:
839:
828:
826:
822:
818:
814:
811:operation in
810:
809:Langenscheidt
806:
805:Langenscheidt
802:
795:Langenscheidt
792:
790:
786:
782:
777:
766:
764:
763:Langenscheidt
753:
750:
748:
744:
743:Karl Baedeker
740:
736:
731:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
695:
693:
692:Baedekers USA
689:
684:
682:
678:
674:
669:
667:
662:
657:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
632:
628:
624:
620:
614:
610:
608:
601:
597:
595:
594:Karl Baedeker
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
574:Karl Baedeker
560:
558:
555:, and 1939's
554:
550:
546:
542:
537:
534:
533:
532:Kommandantura
526:
525:
519:
515:
511:
506:
503:
498:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
474:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
449:
441:Hans Baedeker
438:
435:
432:
428:
424:
419:
417:
413:
408:
406:
402:
398:
394:
393:Karl Baedeker
389:
387:
381:
380:
376:
370:
366:
359:
354:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
314:
312:
301:
296:
293:
288:
285:
280:
277:
272:
271:
269:
265:
261:
259:
255:
253:
251:
245:
243:
239:
237:
233:
231:
227:
226:
224:
219:
214:
211:
206:
203:
198:
197:
195:
194:
193:
184:
182:
177:
174:
168:
163:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
143:Karl Baedeker
134:
131:
129:
126:published by
125:
120:
118:
116:
112:
105:
99:
97:
93:
89:
84:
82:
76:
72:
71:Karl Baedeker
65:Karl Baedeker
57:
55:
51:
50:travel guides
47:
43:
42:Karl Baedeker
40:, founded by
39:
32:
28:
19:
1366:
1362:
1341:. Retrieved
1337:the original
1327:
1316:. Retrieved
1285:
1280:
1269:. Retrieved
1258:
1247:. Retrieved
1237:
1226:. Retrieved
1222:the original
1217:
1208:
1192:. Lulu.com.
1189:
1183:
1172:
1131:worldcat.org
1130:
1101:
1086:
1051:
1046:
1043:
1023:
1002:
1000:
994:
989:
988:
978:
976:
971:
967:
965:
961:
951:
941:
926:
917:
906:
882:infographics
872:
857:
834:
798:
772:
759:
756:Eva Baedeker
751:
732:
707:
701:
691:
685:
670:
660:
658:
635:
618:
616:
612:
603:
599:
593:
571:
556:
548:
544:
540:
538:
509:
507:
494:
489:
475:
452:
444:
436:
420:
415:
411:
409:
390:
382:
378:
372:
368:
364:
351:
345:
331:
320:
307:
263:
257:
247:
241:
235:
229:
190:
178:
167:Ober-Italien
159:
147:Braunschweig
140:
132:
121:
108:
100:
68:
37:
36:
30:
1034:Ernest Benn
1030:Blue Guides
1011:Puerto Rico
862:catchphrase
846: [
716:Baden-Baden
545:The Riviera
508:The 1948
486:Nazi regime
427:World War I
416:baedekering
230:Switzerland
128:John Murray
124:guide-books
81:Essendische
69:1827−1859:
1420:Categories
1343:2013-02-17
1318:2014-04-18
1271:2013-02-17
1249:2013-02-17
1228:2012-12-07
1078:References
1024:After the
920:April 2014
843:MairDumont
831:MairDumont
724:Strasbourg
623:Glückstadt
375:chronicler
365:He added:
1294:600476248
952:The Rhine
835:In 1997,
817:Stuttgart
791:company.
728:Wiesbaden
720:Constance
688:Lufthansa
677:Stuttgart
666:Stuttgart
648:Stuttgart
543:, 1931's
505:reveals.
412:Baedekers
181:sunstroke
155:Stuttgart
54:Baedekers
46:publisher
1396:BDKR.com
1391:Baedeker
1056:See also
813:Freiburg
801:Freiburg
551:for the
431:post-war
88:Coblence
1049:guide.
985:wrote:
858:Allianz
781:Allianz
769:Allianz
747:Schweiz
627:Hamburg
549:Germany
518:Leipzig
510:Leipzig
482:Leipzig
463:Leipzig
348:wrote:
334:Leipzig
327:Leipzig
323:Koblenz
284:Londres
151:Leipzig
115:Cologne
92:Koblenz
83:Zeitung
1373:
1292:
1196:
1047:London
1019:Mexico
1015:Alaska
972:Canada
968:Canada
948:German
825:Munich
737:, the
708:Munich
704:Munich
661:Berlin
459:Nazism
297:1867:
289:1867:
281:1866:
273:1863:
262:1863:
256:1868:
246:1868:
240:1867:
234:1865:
228:1863:
215:1866:
207:1866:
202:London
199:1862:
96:umlaut
1365:[
850:]
799:The
739:Swiss
735:Basel
625:near
497:Nazis
490:Egypt
386:Essen
338:Gotha
276:Paris
236:Paris
162:Rhine
111:Mainz
90:(now
75:Essen
1371:ISBN
1290:OCLC
1288:. .
1194:ISBN
1013:and
1007:Cuba
821:GmbH
726:and
453:The
397:Jena
153:and
761:to
325:to
176:).
113:to
1422::
1302:^
1216:.
1171:.
1139:^
1129:.
1112:^
1100:.
1021:.
1009:,
884:.
848:de
722:,
718:,
646:,
609::
559:.
407:.
149:,
1379:.
1346:.
1321:.
1296:.
1274:.
1252:.
1231:.
1202:.
1177:.
1133:.
933:)
927:(
922:)
918:(
912:.
874:"
864:"
252:)
107:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
