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983:, and other officials: the imperial court generally began by dawn, requiring the ministers to rise early in order to attend in a timely manner; and, on July 13, 815, before dawn, the Tang Prime Minister Wu Yuanheng was set to go to the palace for a meeting with Emperor Xianzong. As he left his house, arrows were fired at his retinue. His servants all fled, and the assassins seized Wu Yuanheng and his horse, and then decapitated him, taking his head with them. The assassins also attacked another official who favored the campaign against the rebellious warlords, Pei Du, but was unable to kill him. The people at the capital were shocked and there was turmoil, with officials refusing to leave their personal residences until after dawn.
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1564:, Western regions), and he made some articles with indignation to criticize that phenomenon. As an informal leader of a group of poets who rejected the courtly style of the time and emphasized the didactic function of literature, Bai believing that every literary work should contain a fitting moral and a well-defined social purpose. That makes him not satisfied with cultural performance styles of Tang court.
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933:, in 807, and Reminder of the Left from 807 until 815, except when in 811 his mother died, and he spent the traditional three-year mourning period again along the Wei River, before returning to court in the winter of 814, where he held the title of Assistant Secretary to the Prince's Tutor. It was not a high-ranking position, but nevertheless one which he was soon to lose.
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979:), an act for which he sought reconciliation with the imperial government, trying to get an imperial pardon as a necessary prerequisite. Despite the intercession of influential friends, Wu was denied, thus officially putting him in the position of rebellion. Still seeking a pardon, Wu turned to assassination, blaming the Prime Minister,
1246:, which he had copied and distributed to ensure their survival. They are notable for their relative accessibility: it is said that he would rewrite any part of a poem if one of his servants was unable to understand it. The accessibility of Bai Juyi's poems made them extremely popular in his lifetime, in both
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only charge which his opponents used against him. His mother had died, apparently caused by falling into a well while looking at some flowers, and two poems written by Bai Juyi — the titles of which Waley translates as "In Praise of
Flowers" and "The New Well" — were used against him as a sign of lack of
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whose sensual delicacy has defied the norms. Excepting gentlemen of mature strength and classical decorum, many have been ruined by them. They have circulated among the common people and been inscribed on walls; mothers and fathers teach them to sons and daughters orally, through winter's cold and
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and his disciples carved out of the rock. In 839, he experienced a paralytic attack, losing the use of his left leg, and became a bedridden invalid for several months. After his partial recovery, he spent his final years arranging his
Collected Works, which he presented to the main monasteries of
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to control the flow of water, thus providing water for irrigation, relieving the drought, and improving the livelihood of the local people over the following years. Bai Juyi used his leisure time to enjoy the beauty of West Lake, visiting the lake almost every day. He ordered the construction of a
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In this context, Bai Juyi overstepped his minor position by memorializing the emperor. As
Assistant Secretary to the Prince's Tutor, Bai's memorial was a breach of protocol — he should have waited for those of censorial authority to take the lead before offering his own criticism. This was not the
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Faqu is a kind of performing style of Yanyue, a part of court music performance. In this poem, Bai Juyi strongly criticized Tang Daqu, which was itself heavily influenced by some nonnative musical elements absent in the Han Daqu-the original form of Daqu. Tang culture was an amalgamation of the
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While serving as a minor palace official in 814, Bai managed to get himself in official trouble. He made enemies at court and with certain individuals in other positions. It was partly his written works which led him into trouble. He wrote two long memorials, translated by Arthur Waley as "On
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says of Bai Juyi: "he worked to develop a style that was simple and easy to understand, and posterity has requited his efforts by making him one of the most well-loved and widely read of all
Chinese poets, both in his native land and in the other countries of the East that participate in the
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Province. After three years, he was sent as
Governor of a remote place in Sichuan. At the time, the main travel route there was up the Yangzi River. This trip allowed Bai Juyi a few days to visit his friend Yuan Zhen, who was also in exile and with whom he explored the rock caves located at
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for most of his childhood. His family was poor but scholarly, his father being an
Assistant Department Magistrate of the second-class. At the age of ten he was sent away from his family to avoid a war that broke out in the north of China, and went to live with relatives in the area known as
1706:), like domineering merchants in the market place." Bai's poetry was immensely popular in his own lifetime, but his popularity, his use of vernacular, the sensual delicacy of some of his poetry, led to criticism of him being "common" or "vulgar". In a tomb inscription for Li Kan (
1151:, the province in which Luoyang was located. It was in Henan that his first son was born, though only to die prematurely the next year. In 831 Yuan Zhen died. For the next thirteen years, Bai Juyi continued to hold various nominal posts but actually lived in retirement.
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In 846, Bai Juyi died, leaving instructions for a simple burial in a grave at the monastery, with a plain style funeral, and to not have a posthumous title conferred upon him. He has a tomb monument in
Longmen, situated on Xiangshan across the Yi River from the
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causeway to allow walking on foot, instead of requiring the services of a boat. A causeway in the West Lake (Baisha
Causeway, 白沙堤) was later referred to as Bai Causeway in Bai Juyi's honor, but the original causeway built by Bai Juyi named Baigong Causeway (
1632:). Seated performances were conducted in smaller halls with a limited number of dancers, and emphasized refined artistry. Standing performances involves numerous dancers, and were usually performed in courtyards or squares intended for grand presentations.
781:. Many of his poems concern his career or observations made about everyday life, including as governor of three different provinces. He achieved fame as a writer of verse in a low-key, near vernacular style that was popular throughout medieval East Asia.
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In 824, Bai Juyi's commission as governor expired, and he received the nominal rank of
Imperial Tutor, which provided more in the way of official salary than official duties, and he relocated his household to a suburb of the "eastern capital,"
1099:. At the time, Luoyang was known as the eastern capital of the empire and was a major metropolis with a population of around one million and a reputation as the "cultural capital," as opposed to the more politically oriented capital of
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In those two poems of Bai reflected the situation of political and culture in the middle Tang dynasty after the An Lushan
Rebellion, and he was concerned that the popularity of foreign music could lead the Tang society into chaos.
1649:, reflected the phenomenon of "decline in imperial court music". In this poem, Bai mercilessly pointed out that music style of both seated performances and standing performances were deeply influenced by foreign culture.
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Bai Juyi also wrote intensely romantic poems to fellow officials with whom he studied and traveled. These speak of sharing wine, sleeping together, and viewing the Moon and mountains. One friend, Yu Shunzhi, sent Bai a
855:. He had a long and successful career both as a government official and a poet, although these two facets of his career seemed to have come in conflict with each other at certain points. Bai Juyi was also a devoted
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Seated performances are more elegant than standing performances. Players in the Seating Section were the most qualified performers, while the performing level of the players in the Standing Section were a bit poor
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Bai Juyi has been known for his plain, direct, and easily comprehensible style of verse, as well as for his social and political criticism. Besides his surviving poems, several letters and essays are also extant.
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summer's heat their lascivious phrases and overly familiar words have entered people's flesh and bone and cannot be gotten out. I have no position and cannot use the law to bring this under control."
1040:, which had been previously subdued by Emperor Xianzong. Furthermore, Muzong's administration was characterized by massive corruption. Again, Bai Juyi wrote a series of memorials in remonstrance.
1540:. These were often a form of social protest. And, in fact, writing poetry to promote social progress was explicitly one of his objectives. He is also known for his well-written poems in the
1032:. After succeeding to the throne, Muzong spent his time feasting and heavily drinking and neglecting his duties as emperor. Meanwhile, the temporarily subdued regional military governors,
1209:. It is a circular mound of earth 4 metres (13 ft) high and 52 metres (171 ft) in circumference, with a 2.8-metre (9 ft 2 in) tall monument inscribed "Bai Juyi".
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Bai Juyi is considered one of the greatest Chinese poets, but even during the ninth century, sharp divide in critical opinions of his poetry already existed. While some poets like
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had collapsed and the lake had dried out to the point that the local farmers were suffering from severe drought. He ordered the construction of a stronger and taller dike, with a
1669:, literally: "elegant music") was no longer be performed in those two sections. The Yayue music was only performed by the players who were eliminated from those two sections (
1438:. Also he wrote about military conflicts during the Tang dynasty. Poems like "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" were examples of the peril in China during the An Lushan rebellion.
1675:). This poem shows the culture changing in the middle Tang dynasty and the decline of Yayue, a form of classical music and dance performed at the royal court and temples
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As governor of Hangzhou, Bai Juyi realized that the farmland nearby depended on the water of West Lake, but, due to the negligence of previous governors, the old
1127:. For the first two years, he enjoyed himself with feasts and picnic outings, but after a couple years he became ill and was forced into a period of retirement.
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The pipa in the poems of Bai Juyi represents the expression of love, the action of communicating, and especially the poet's feelings on listening to music.
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was in rebuilding and recovery. As a government official and a litterateur, Bai observed the court music performance that was seriously affected by Xiyu (
1492:, about the Japanese god of poetry repelling the Chinese poet from Japan, in opposition to Bai's (perceived) challenge to the country's poetic autonomy.
1020:. Bai Juyi was delighted by the flowers and trees for which his new location was noted. In 819, he was recalled back to the capital, ending his exile.
1147:(825-827), Bai Juyi returned to the capital. He then served in various official posts in the capital, and then again as prefect/governor, this time in
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Bai was also criticized for his "carelessness and repetitiveness", especially his later works. He was nevertheless placed by Tang poet Zhang Wei (
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954:; and he wrote a series of poems, in which he satirized the actions of greedy officials and highlighting the sufferings of the common folk.
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culture exposed after the An Lushan Rebellion. The alien culture was so popular and it had seriously threatened the status of Han culture.
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In 819, Bai Juyi was recalled to the capital and given the position of second-class Assistant Secretary. In 821, China got a new emperor,
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1581:, is a poem regard to a kind of performing art, he made the following statement: "All the faqu's now are combined with songs from the
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Arntzen, S (2008) A Shared Heritage of Sensibility?: The Reception of Bai Juyi's Poetry in Japan. Paper presented at the conference
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ideals. The result was exile. Bai Juyi was demoted to the rank of Sub-Prefect and banished from the court and the capital city to
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Bai Juyi statue in front of Pipa Pavilion on the Xunyang River at Jiujiang, where he wrote his "The Song of the Pipa Player" poem.
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Again, Bai Juyi was sent away from the court and the capital, but this time to the important position of the thriving town of
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1774:. It the movie, the poet is solving a murder mystery and struggles to finish his famous poem, "Song of Everlasting Regret."
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Ueki, Hisayuki; Uno, Naoto; Matsubara, Akira (1999). "Shijin to Shi no Shōgai (Haku Kyoi)". In Matsuura, Tomohisa (ed.).
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1954:, in: ORIENTIERUNGEN. Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens (Journal sur la culture de l'Asie), n ° 1/2007, pp. 129–130.
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over the course of one day and the final section is a "transformation" (Ginsberg's description) of a poem by Bai.
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of cloth as a gift from a far-off posting, and Bai Juyi debated on how best to use the precious material:
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Stopping the War", regarding what he considered to be an overly lengthy campaign against a minor group of
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appreciation of Chinese culture. He is also, thanks to the translations and biographical studies by
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Bai's works were also highly renowned in Japan, and many of his poems were quoted and referenced in
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The Three Gorges of the Yangzi had to be traversed on the boat ride from Jiujiang to Sichuan.
892:. Bai Juyi's father died in 794, his father's death caused his family to undergo hard times.
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847:(712－770). Bai Juyi lived through the reigns of eight or nine emperors, being born in the
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examinations in 800. Bai Juyi may have taken up residence in the western capital city of
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Jiaoxiang: Xi'an Yinyue Xueyuan Xuebao/Jiaoxiang: Journal of Xi'an Conservatory of Music
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Bai Juyi's official was delayed by seven years due to his father's death. He passed the
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period. This was a period of rebuilding and recovery for the Tang Empire, following the
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2050:. Judge, Harry George., Toyne, Anthony. Oxford : Oxford University Press. p. 29.
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wrote, couched in the words of Li Kan: "...It has bothered me that ever since the
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It was warm in the lotus-embroidered tents where they passed the nights of spring.
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Article on the Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower that was based on a poem by Bai Juyi
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Han's sovereign prized the beauty of flesh, he longed for such as ruins domains;
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only had the highest praise for Bai Juyi, others were hostile, like Sikong Tu (
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Musical performances at the Tang court are of two types: seated performances (
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In 825, at age 53, Bai Juyi was given the position of Governor (Prefect) of
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And the nights of spring seemed all too short, the sun would too soon rise,
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Tresses like cloud, face like a flower, gold pins that swayed to her steps;
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English translation of Bai Juyi's "A Poem for the Swallows(《燕詩》 /《燕詩示劉叟》)"
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Whose warm springs' glistening waters washed flecks of dried lotions away.
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Bai Juyi is one of the main characters of the 2017 Chinese fantasy film
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In the harem all who wore powder and paint of beauty then seemed barren.
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In 832, Bai Juyi repaired an unused part of the Xiangshan Monastery, at
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When Heaven begets beauteous things, it is loath to let them be wasted,
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One of the most prolific of the Tang poets, Bai Juyi wrote over 2,800
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Bai was a poet of the middle Tang dynasty. It was a period after the
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Chinese Lyricism: Shih Poetry from the Second to the Twelfth Century
1700:) who described Bai as "overbearing in force, yet feeble in energy (
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This was the moment when first she enjoyed the flood of royal favor.
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When she turned around with smiling glance, she exuded every charm;
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Yu, CHunzhe (2004). "Bai Juyi shige zhong de Tangdai pipa yishu".
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A daughter there was of the house of Yang, just grown to maturity,
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Waley (1941), 130-31, Waley refers to this place as "Chung-chou".
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Those in attendance helped her rise, in helplessness so charming—
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The Late Tang: Chinese Poetry of the Mid-Ninth Century (827-860)
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So one morning this maiden was chosen to be by the ruler's side.
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Waley (1941), 131. Waley refers to this village as "Li-tao-li."
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poem that tells the story of the famous Tang dynasty concubine
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Salt in Chinese history#The moral debate over salt and society
777:(樂天), was a Chinese musician, poet, and politician during the
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From this point on our lord and king avoided daybreak court.
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Raised deep in the women's quarters where no man knew of her.
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For many years he ruled the Earth and sought for one in vain.
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Buddha and Bodhisattva images carved out of rock, at Longmen
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Bai Juyi's "Pi Pa Xing", in running script, calligraphy by
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1979:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten. pp. 123–127.
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Among his most famous works are the long narrative poems "
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Bai was also influential in the historical development of
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culture of the ethnic Han majority, the culture of the "
1007:, then known as Xun Yang, on the southern shores of the
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The Indiana Companion to Traditional Chinese Literature
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The Five-Planet and Twenty-eight Constellation Deities
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An Anthology of Chinese Literature: Beginnings to 1911
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He collected his writings in the anthology called the
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Picture of Bai Juyi from the book "Wan hsiao tang".
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1756:, one of the most accessible to English readers".
1426:Another of Bai's famous poems is "The Song of the
929:province). He was made a member (scholar) of the
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3293:Standard Design for Buddhist Temple Construction
2552:that include collected poems of Bai Juyi at the
1952:, 'Den Kranich fragen. 155 Gedichte von Bai Juyi
1929:. Harvard University Asia Center. pp. 45–.
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1526:Bai Juyi was known for his interest in the old
2461:. New York: HarperPerennial. pp. 905–910.
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2510:— English translations of Bai Juyi's poetry.
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1532:form of poetry, which was a typical form of
1052:, which was at the southern terminus of the
629:
615:
3218:Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy
2434:
2432:
2284:
2116:
1993:The Life and Times of Po Chü-I, 772-846 A.D
1971:
917:. 806, the first full year of the reign of
2761:
2747:
1313:In springtime's chill he let her bathe in
1056:and located in the scenic neighborhood of
1043:
16:Chinese poet of the Tang dynasty (772-846)
3314:Great Tang Records on the Western Regions
2343:
2022:. (New York: Columbia University Press).
1276:" ("Song of Everlasting Sorrow"), a long
4023:Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era
3142:Protectorate General to Pacify the South
3137:Protectorate General to Pacify the North
2456:
2429:
1879:. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.
1494:
1417:
1405:
1187:
1158:
1110:
985:
940:
3147:Protectorate General to Pacify the East
3120:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
2768:
2413:
2411:
1024:Return to the capital and a new emperor
4091:
1877:Classical Chinese Poetry: An Anthology
1609:. The conflict between the mainstream
862:
270:
213:
203:
2742:
2360:"BAI JUYI AND THE NEW YUEFU MOVEMENT"
1759:
1106:
2408:
2242:
1995:(New York,: Macmillan, 1949). 238p.
1924:
1898:
1844:List of emperors of the Tang dynasty
1743:
1461:making a coverlet of joined delight;
1457:pitying the dividing of the flowers.
1290:
1089:
1453:pitying the breaking of the leaves;
1451:About to cut it to make a mattress,
1270:One of Bai's most famous poems is "
13:
2399:
2329:
2046:Norwich, John Julius (1985–1993).
1961:. Indiana University Press 1986.
1869:. University of California Press.
1720:we have had poems by Bai Juyi and
1463:I think of you as if I'm with you,
788:, where he is better known by the
14:
4185:
4164:Tang dynasty government officials
2468:
2377:"从《七德舞》与《立部伎》看白居易的"刺雅乐之替" - 中国知网"
2916:
2500:
1823:
1809:
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1201:cave temples in the vicinity of
29:
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2420:
2393:
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2167:
2048:Oxford illustrated encyclopedia
1521:
1265:
1130:
895:
593:
579:
555:
460:
446:
422:
324:
293:
269:
255:
241:
4169:Three Hundred Tang Poems poets
2158:
2149:
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2122:
2098:
2080:Japan-China Cultural Relations
2072:
2039:
1859:
1730:
1671:
1665:
1655:
1641:
1628:
1622:
1601:
1587:
1573:
1455:about to cut it to make a bag,
957:At this time, one of the post-
792:reading of his courtesy name,
713:
653:
534:
483:
401:
366:
347:
202:
178:
154:
124:
1:
4109:9th-century Chinese musicians
3917:Islam during the Tang dynasty
3157:Gyerim Territory Area Command
2514:Translations of Chinese poems
2264:Bai Juyi (Chinese poet) from
2033:
2005:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
2003:Translations from the Chinese
1957:Nienhauser, William H (ed.).
1626:) and standing performances (
1567:For instance, in his work of
1484:also quoted from Bai, in his
1154:
3243:Six Steeds of Zhao Mausoleum
2519:Chinese poems in translation
1685:
1509:(center) and his concubines.
867:Bai Juyi was born in 772 in
800:: 白楽天). His younger brother
7:
3039:Department of State Affairs
2789:Transition from Sui to Tang
2499:(public domain audiobooks)
1788:
1770:, where he is portrayed by
1436:The Elderly Charcoal Seller
66:Xiangshan Temple, Longmen (
64:846 (aged 73–74)
10:
4190:
4154:Politicians from Zhengzhou
3115:Tang dynasty in Inner Asia
2484:Works by or about Bai Juyi
2459:Collected Poems: 1947-1997
2438:Owen (2006), pp. 45-47, 57
1867:Passions of the Cut Sleeve
1284:and her relationship with
1237:
1173:UNESCO World Heritage Site
827:Bai Juyi lived during the
804:was a short story writer.
733:
82:Musician, poet, politician
4119:9th-century Chinese poets
4114:8th-century Chinese poets
4050:
3934:
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3382:
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3173:
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3029:
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2914:
2777:
2304:"Bai Juyi | Chinese poet"
1910:. New York: W.W. Norton.
1736:
1712:), a critic of Bai, poet
1708:
1696:
1388:
1383:—"Song of Lasting Pain" (
1359:
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3984:Ten Computational Canons
3197:Three Hundred Tang Poems
2960:Administrative divisions
2457:Ginsberg, Allen (1997).
1976:
1865:Hinsch, Bret. (1990).
1647:Standing Section Players
1286:Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
1212:
1183:
1064:, also in what is today
936:
919:Emperor Xianzong of Tang
851:regnal era (766-779) of
819:" ("Song of the Pipa").
342:Traditional Chinese
35:Portrait of Bai Juyi by
3055:Secretariat-Chancellery
2876:Niu–Li factional strife
2528:300 Selected Tang Poems
2330:Cheung, Vincent C. K. "
2308:Encyclopedia Britannica
1767:Legend of the Demon Cat
1459:It is better to sew it,
1044:As Governor of Hangzhou
853:Emperor Daizong of Tang
822:
361:Simplified Chinese
98:Bai Huang (grandfather)
4174:Writers from Zhengzhou
4134:Tang dynasty musicians
4129:Tang dynasty Buddhists
3936:Science and technology
3225:Huaisu's Autobiography
3125:Four Garrisons of Anxi
2891:Tang-Nanzhao conflicts
2829:Tang–Western Turks War
2799:Tang–Eastern Turks War
2279:The Noh Plays of Japan
2155:Waley (1941), 126- 130
2084:University of Victoria
1925:Owen, Stephen (2006).
1518:
1488:, and even wrote one,
1468:
1423:
1415:
1335:
1315:Huaqing Palace's pools
1294:
1193:
1164:
1116:
991:
946:
556:Hoeng1 Saan1 Geoi1 Si6
3371:Green Satchel Classic
3270:Thousand-Buddha Cliff
3265:Rongxian Giant Buddha
3238:Kashyapa & Ananda
3074:Ministry of Personnel
2984:Imperial examinations
2128:Waley (1941), 126-27.
1512:Japanese painting by
1498:
1448:
1421:
1409:
1192:The Tomb of Bai Juyi.
1191:
1162:
1114:
989:
944:
4144:Musicians from Henan
3132:Beiting Protectorate
2908:Huang Chao Rebellion
2824:Tang–Tibet relations
2794:Xuanwu Gate Incident
2554:Chinese Text Project
2524:Six Bai Juyi's poems
2426:Owen (2006), pg. 277
2224:Waley (1941), 132-33
2182:Waley (1941), 130-31
2137:Waley (1941), p. 15.
1635:Bai's another poem,
1499:Scene from the poem
1086:) no longer exists.
888:, more specifically
3922:Chinese Manichaeism
3260:Leshan Giant Buddha
3232:Night-Shining White
3094:Ministry of Justice
3079:Ministry of Revenue
2866:An Lushan rebellion
2417:Owen (2006), pg. 45
2338:of Ancient China".
1777:The American poet,
1554:An Lushan Rebellion
1143:(822-824) and then
863:Birth and childhood
833:An Lushan Rebellion
786:Japanese literature
4159:Tang dynasty poets
4042:Woodblock printing
3905:Church of the East
3350:The Classic of Tea
3255:Dazu Rock Carvings
2886:Sweet Dew incident
2804:Tang–Xueyantuo War
2092:2014-01-12 at the
1947:, book review ),
1943:Kubin, Wolfgang (=
1760:In popular culture
1519:
1424:
1416:
1194:
1165:
1135:After his time as
1117:
1107:Governor of Suzhou
992:
947:
770:; 772–846),
4086:
4085:
3930:
3929:
3813:Dongshan Liangjie
3801:Zhaozhou Congshen
3684:
3683:
3335:The Tale of Li Wa
3169:
3168:
3152:Ungjin Commandery
3099:Ministry of Works
3084:Ministry of Rites
3031:Three Departments
2989:Official headwear
2809:Goguryeo–Tang War
2493:Works by Bai Juyi
2479:Project Gutenberg
2475:Works by Juyi Bai
2233:Waley (1941), 133
2215:Waley (1941), 132
2194:Waley (1941), 131
2164:Waley (1941), 130
2011:978-0-394-40464-6
1936:978-0-674-03328-3
1893:978-0-374-10536-5
1744:Modern assessment
1645:), translated as
1577:), translated as
1473:The Tale of Genji
1404:
1403:
1090:Life near Luoyang
732:
731:
720:
719:
660:
659:
648:McCune–Reischauer
600:
599:
522:Standard Mandarin
467:
466:
389:Standard Mandarin
331:
330:
236:Yale Romanization
142:Standard Mandarin
4181:
4149:Poets from Henan
3869:Neo-Confucianism
3771:Baizhang Huaihai
3693:
3692:
3301:Empress Zhangsun
3276:
3275:
3211:A Palace Concert
3027:
3026:
2920:
2881:Changqing Treaty
2763:
2756:
2749:
2740:
2739:
2530:, translated by
2504:
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2488:Internet Archive
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2117:Ueki et al. 1999
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1831:Biography portal
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1507:Emperor Xuanzong
1478:Murasaki Shikibu
1392:), opening lines
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294:Pe̍h Ku-ī (
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3089:Ministry of War
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3019:Turkic generals
3004:Imperial guards
2921:
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2871:Qingshui Treaty
2861:Battle of Talas
2814:Baekje–Tang War
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2508:Bai Juyi: Poems
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2094:Wayback Machine
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1974:Kanshi no Jiten
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1672:立部又退何所任，始就樂懸操雅音
1588:法曲法曲合夷歌，夷聲邪亂華聲和
1550:
1542:regulated verse
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843:(701－761), and
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594:Hiong-san Ku-sū
580:Hiong-san Ku-sū
535:Xiāngshān Jūshì
502:
499:Literal meaning
472:Xiangshan Jushi
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212:
185:Po Chü-i (
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2469:External links
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2016:Watson, Burton
2013:
1996:
1991:Arthur Waley,
1989:
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1945:Wolfgang Kubin
1941:
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1790:
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1779:Allen Ginsberg
1761:
1758:
1745:
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1687:
1684:
1597:Western Region
1549:
1546:
1523:
1520:
1482:Zeami Motokiyo
1465:day or night.
1449:
1430:Player". Like
1402:
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1399:
1380:
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1267:
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1239:
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938:
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931:Hanlin Academy
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861:
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702:Transcriptions
695:
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543:Yue: Cantonese
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516:Transcriptions
509:
508:
506:of Mount Xiang
500:
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410:Yue: Cantonese
406:
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383:Transcriptions
376:
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363:
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344:
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308:
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242:Baahk Gēui-yih
238:
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225:
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199:
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175:
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161:Bó Jūyì (
151:
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136:Transcriptions
129:
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115:
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109:
106:
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96:
92:
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90:Bai Acui (son)
88:
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62:
58:
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45:
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26:
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9:
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4:
3:
2:
4186:
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4139:Guqin players
4137:
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4053:
4049:
4043:
4040:
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4035:
4032:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4019:
4018:(fl 714–724)
4017:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3998:
3997:
3996:Xinxiu bencao
3993:
3992:
3990:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3965:Liang Lingzan
3963:
3960:
3957:
3953:
3952:
3951:Jigu Suanjing
3948:
3947:
3945:
3944:Wang Xiaotong
3942:
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3819:Yunmen Wenyan
3817:
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3808:
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3633:Viśa Īrasangä
3631:
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3464:Liu Changqing
3462:
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3422:Zhang Jiuling
3420:
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3108:Protectorates
3106:
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2546:Books of the
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2532:Witter Bynner
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2281:(1976) p. 185
2280:
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2254:Hinsch, 80-81
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2146:Waley (1941),
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2057:0-19-869129-7
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2029:
2028:0-231-03464-4
2025:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1999:Waley, Arthur
1997:
1994:
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1967:0-253-32983-3
1964:
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1956:
1953:
1951:
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1917:0-393-97106-6
1913:
1908:
1907:
1901:
1900:Owen, Stephen
1897:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1885:0-374-10536-7
1882:
1878:
1874:
1873:Hinton, David
1871:
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1817:Poetry portal
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1412:Wen Zhengming
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1011:in northwest
1010:
1009:Yangtze River
1006:
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999:, one of the
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857:Chan Buddhist
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772:courtesy name
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38:
37:Chen Hongshou
32:
27:
20:
4021:
3994:
3982:
3969:
3949:
3861:Confucianism
3846:(fl 631–655)
3725:(fl 602–664)
3548:Niu Yingzhen
3524:Liu Zongyuan
3517:
3369:
3364:Yang Yunsong
3358:Du Guangting
3348:
3333:
3328:Bai Xingjian
3312:
3291:
3230:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3205:Playing card
3195:
2834:Oasis states
2770:Tang dynasty
2549:Quan Tangshi
2547:
2527:
2526:included in
2458:
2452:
2447:Watson, 184.
2443:
2422:
2401:
2395:
2384:. Retrieved
2381:kns.cnki.net
2380:
2371:
2354:
2335:
2331:
2311:. Retrieved
2307:
2298:
2278:
2273:
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2229:
2220:
2199:
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2124:
2100:
2086:, 25th Jan.
2079:
2074:
2047:
2041:
2019:
2002:
1992:
1973:
1958:
1948:
1926:
1905:
1876:
1866:
1803:China portal
1776:
1765:
1763:
1754:Arthur Waley
1747:
1727:
1718:Yuanhe Reign
1701:
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1677:
1651:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1619:
1593:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1551:
1538:Music Bureau
1527:
1525:
1522:Poetic forms
1516:(1590-1651).
1505:, depicting
1502:Chang Hen Ge
1500:
1490:Haku Rakuten
1471:
1469:
1450:
1440:
1435:
1425:
1396:Stephen Owen
1385:Chang hen ge
1384:
1336:
1295:
1273:Chang hen ge
1271:
1269:
1266:Famous poems
1241:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1195:
1166:
1134:
1131:Later career
1118:
1093:
1070:
1047:
1038:Yellow River
1033:
1027:
997:Filial Piety
993:
962:
956:
948:
901:
899:
896:Early career
866:
848:
826:
809:Chang Hen Ge
806:
802:Bai Xingjian
794:Haku Rakuten
793:
783:
779:Tang dynasty
774:
759:
755:
751:
750:
743:
736:Chinese name
708:Romanization
564:Southern Min
529:Hanyu Pinyin
431:Southern Min
396:Hanyu Pinyin
325:Bɐk Kjwo-jie
281:Southern Min
256:Baak Geoi-ji
149:Hanyu Pinyin
113:Chinese name
4078:Flying cash
3977:Li Chunfeng
3959:Xu Jingzong
3910:Xi'an Stele
3888:Kong Yingda
3759:Amoghavajra
3590:Du Qiuniang
3578:Mo Xuanqing
3572:Li Shangyin
3566:Wen Tingyun
3428:Meng Haoran
3416:He Zhizhang
3410:Chen Zi'ang
3392:Luo Binwang
3049:Chancellery
3044:Secretariat
3009:Shence Army
2965:Jimi system
2948:Family tree
2293:Hinton, 265
2243:Owen (1996)
2104:Hinton, 266
1950:Weigui Fang
1860:Works cited
1611:Han culture
1579:Model Music
1558:Tang Empire
1282:Yang Guifei
1227: [
1054:Grand Canal
981:Wu Yuanheng
839:(701－762),
829:Middle Tang
813:Yang Guifei
740:family name
605:Korean name
504:Householder
4104:846 deaths
4099:772 births
4093:Categories
4037:Toothbrush
4004:Sun Simiao
3979:(602–670)
3946:(580–640)
3850:Lü Dongbin
3765:Mazu Daoyi
3747:Vajrabodhi
3645:Zhang Xuan
3494:Wei Yingwu
3398:Du Shenyan
3345:(733–804)
3330:(776–826)
3288:(596–667)
3248:Autumn Dew
2955:Chancellor
2926:Government
2386:2018-11-22
2313:2018-11-22
2266:Britannica
2034:References
1772:Huang Xuan
1583:barbarians
1534:Han poetry
1398:, trans.)
1155:Retirement
961:warlords (
714:Haku Kyo'i
461:Lo̍k-thian
447:Lo̍k-thian
173:Wade–Giles
100:Bai Jigeng
79:Occupation
4033:(730–805)
4012:(683–727)
3961:(592-672)
3890:(574–648)
3882:(772–841)
3876:(768–824)
3821:(862–949)
3815:(807–869)
3803:(778–897)
3797:(770–860)
3791:(746–805)
3785:(745–827)
3779:(730–790)
3773:(720–814)
3767:(709–788)
3761:(705–774)
3755:(688–763)
3749:(671–741)
3743:(638–689)
3737:(635–713)
3731:(632–682)
3719:(613–681)
3713:(562–645)
3707:(549–623)
3671:(855–915)
3665:(832–912)
3659:(730–780)
3657:Zhou Fang
3653:(723–787)
3651:Han Huang
3647:(713–755)
3641:(706–783)
3629:(699–759)
3623:(680–760)
3617:(600–673)
3615:Yan Liben
3586:(840–868)
3584:Yu Xuanji
3574:(813–858)
3568:(812–866)
3562:(803–852)
3544:(790–817)
3532:(779–831)
3530:Yuan Zhen
3526:(773–819)
3520:(772–846)
3514:(772–842)
3508:(768–824)
3502:(739–799)
3496:(737–792)
3490:(722–789)
3484:(715–770)
3478:(712–779)
3472:(712–770)
3466:(709–785)
3460:(704–765)
3454:(701–762)
3448:(699–759)
3442:(698–756)
3436:(690–751)
3430:(689–740)
3424:(673–740)
3418:(659–744)
3412:(656–702)
3406:(650–676)
3400:(645–708)
3394:(619–684)
3366:(9th c.)
3360:(850–933)
3324:(751–762)
3309:(7th c.)
3303:(601–636)
3014:Shumiyuan
2839:Karakhoja
2778:History (
2340:CiteSeerX
2277:A Waley,
1854:West Lake
1839:Li Shidao
1722:Yuan Zhen
1686:Appraisal
1486:Noh plays
1278:narrative
1058:West Lake
1001:Confucian
977:Zhumadian
969:Wu Yuanji
959:An Lushan
915:Yuan Zhen
877:Zhengyang
817:Pipa xing
798:shinjitai
423:Lok6 Tin1
95:Relatives
4006:(d. 682)
3991:Su Jing
3827:(9th c.)
3809:(8th c.)
3807:Zhisheng
3753:Jianzhen
3723:Xuanzang
3697:Buddhism
3689:Religion
3677:(9th c.)
3669:Jing Hao
3635:(7th c.)
3627:Wang Wei
3621:Wu Daozi
3607:Painters
3598:(9th c.)
3592:(9th c.)
3556:(8th c.)
3554:Zhang Xu
3550:(8th c.)
3538:(d. 784)
3518:Bai Juyi
3512:Liu Yuxi
3482:Cen Shen
3476:Zhang Ji
3446:Wang Wei
2999:Jiedushi
2994:Military
2901:Songping
2854:Conquest
2844:Karasahr
2780:Timeline
2732:Book 462
2728:Book 461
2724:Book 460
2720:Book 459
2714:Book 458
2710:Book 457
2706:Book 456
2702:Book 455
2698:Book 454
2692:Book 453
2688:Book 452
2684:Book 451
2680:Book 450
2676:Book 449
2670:Book 448
2666:Book 447
2662:Book 446
2658:Book 445
2654:Book 444
2648:Book 443
2644:Book 442
2640:Book 441
2636:Book 440
2632:Book 439
2626:Book 438
2622:Book 437
2618:Book 436
2614:Book 435
2610:Book 434
2604:Book 433
2600:Book 432
2596:Book 431
2592:Book 430
2588:Book 429
2576:Book 428
2572:Book 427
2568:Book 426
2564:Book 425
2560:Book 424
2497:LibriVox
2090:Archived
2066:11814265
2018:(1971).
2001:(1941).
1985:41025662
1902:(1996).
1875:(2008).
1789:See also
1783:Shanghai
1692:Pi Rixiu
1615:minority
1607:Buddhism
1374:從此君王不早朝。
1372:春宵苦短日高起，
1370:芙蓉帳暖度春宵。
1368:雲鬢花顏金步搖，
1366:始是新承恩澤時。
1364:侍兒扶起嬌無力，
1362:溫泉水滑洗凝脂。
1360:春寒賜浴華清池，
1353:六宮粉黛無顏色。
1351:回眸一笑百媚生，
1349:一朝選在君王側。
1347:天生麗質難自棄，
1345:養在深閨人未識。
1343:楊家有女初長成，
1341:御宇多年求不得。
1339:漢皇重色思傾國，
1141:Hangzhou
1125:Lake Tai
1101:Chang'an
1066:Zhejiang
1050:Hangzhou
1034:jiedushi
1005:Jiujiang
964:jiedushi
908:Chang'an
886:Jiangnan
841:Wang Wei
760:Po Chü-i
752:Bai Juyi
734:In this
685:Hiragana
654:Paek Kŏi
550:Jyutping
417:Jyutping
250:Jyutping
87:Children
50:Xinzheng
23:Bai Juyi
4063:Liu Yan
4058:Diwu Qi
4051:Economy
4031:Jia Dan
4010:Yi Xing
3852:(796-?)
3717:Shandao
3711:Daochuo
3675:Sun Wei
3663:Guanxiu
3639:Han Gan
3580:(834-?)
3458:Gao Shi
3404:Wang Bo
3322:Du Huan
3286:Daoxuan
3279:Writers
3174:Culture
2970:Fanzhen
2933:Emperor
2486:at the
2082:at the
1656:立部賤，坐部貴
1605:), and
1569:Faqu ge
1544:style.
1260:Vietnam
1238:History
1203:Luoyang
1199:Longmen
1169:Longmen
1137:Prefect
1097:Luoyang
1018:Yichang
1013:Jiangxi
927:Shaanxi
923:Zhouzhi
912:scholar
869:Taiyuan
815:, and "
790:on'yomi
764:Chinese
756:Bo Juyi
571:Hokkien
478:Chinese
438:Hokkien
217: (
207: (
119:Chinese
74:, China
68:Luoyang
56:, China
3874:Han Yu
3836:Taoism
3789:Huiguo
3777:Wukong
3735:Yijing
3705:Jizang
3506:Han Yu
3500:Lu Lun
3452:Li Bai
3307:Bianji
3191:Poetry
3186:Sancai
2772:topics
2342:
2334:: the
2064:
2054:
2026:
2009:
1983:
1965:
1933:
1914:
1891:
1883:
1637:Libuji
1556:, the
1177:Buddha
1145:Suzhou
1121:Suzhou
1115:Suzhou
1062:Ningbo
1030:Muzong
952:Tatars
903:jinshi
890:Xuzhou
873:Shanxi
837:Li Bai
775:Letian
766::
754:(also
738:, the
691:はく きょい
611:Hangul
588:Tâi-lô
455:Tâi-lô
402:Lètiān
336:Letian
288:Tâi-lô
3898:Other
3880:Li Ao
3795:Puhua
3729:Kuiji
3560:Du Mu
3542:Li He
3536:Li Ye
3488:Li Bi
3470:Du Fu
3434:Li Qi
3384:Poets
3343:Lu Yu
2975:Hebei
2943:House
2896:Annan
2849:Kucha
2363:(PDF)
1977:漢詩の事典
1737:詩人主客圖
1714:Du Mu
1661:Yayue
1529:yuefu
1432:Du Fu
1256:Korea
1252:Japan
1248:China
1244:poems
1231:]
1213:Works
1207:Henan
1184:Death
1149:Henan
973:Henan
937:Exile
881:Henan
845:Du Fu
671:Kanji
625:Hanja
72:Henan
54:Henan
3825:Gikū
3741:Faru
2938:List
2332:Daqu
2062:OCLC
2052:ISBN
2024:ISBN
2007:ISBN
1981:OCLC
1963:ISBN
1931:ISBN
1912:ISBN
1889:ISBN
1881:ISBN
1613:and
1444:bolt
1428:Pipa
1258:and
1250:and
1073:dike
849:Dali
823:Life
302:lit.
296:col.
219:lit.
209:col.
187:lit.
181:col.
163:lit.
157:col.
61:Died
44:Born
3181:Art
2495:at
2477:at
1697:司空圖
1642:立部伎
1599:" (
1574:法曲歌
1480:.
1476:by
1389:長恨歌
1139:of
1083:白公堤
1077:dam
971:in
967:),
768:白居易
758:or
745:Bai
742:is
677:白居易
631:白居易
617:백거이
574:POJ
441:POJ
264:IPA
197:IPA
125:白居易
70:),
47:772
4095::
2730:,
2726:,
2722:,
2712:,
2708:,
2704:,
2700:,
2690:,
2686:,
2682:,
2678:,
2668:,
2664:,
2660:,
2656:,
2646:,
2642:,
2638:,
2634:,
2624:,
2620:,
2616:,
2612:,
2602:,
2598:,
2594:,
2590:,
2574:,
2570:,
2566:,
2562:,
2556::
2431:^
2410:^
2379:.
2322:^
2306:.
2286:^
2208:^
2187:^
2109:^
2060:.
1887:/
1731:張爲
1709:李戡
1703:qi
1666:雅樂
1629:立部
1623:坐部
1602:西域
1591:)
1562:西域
1288:.
1262:.
1234:.
1229:zh
1205:,
1103:.
879:,
871:,
859:.
762:;
491:居士
52:,
3057:)
3053:(
2782:)
2762:e
2755:t
2748:v
2716:,
2694:,
2672:,
2650:,
2628:,
2606:,
2578:,
2404:.
2389:.
2365:.
2348:.
2316:.
2068:.
1987:.
1939:.
1920:.
1895:.
1663:(
1653:(
1639:(
1571:(
1394:(
796:(
748:.
488:山
485:香
371:天
368:乐
352:天
349:樂
304:)
298:)
221:)
211:)
189:)
183:)
165:)
159:)
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