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Bailiff of Jersey

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320:, the Bailiff is the President (Speaker) of the Assembly. This position has been in place from the origins of the States in the 16th century, particularly because the States began as a consulting body of the Royal Court and the Bailiff was the President of the Court. The Bailiff has a vote in the event the States is equally divided, but traditionally uses it to preserve the status quo. In the Chamber, the Bailiff's seat is 18 cm (7.1 in) higher than the Lieutenant Governor's to emphasise the Bailiff's higher position in regard to the island's civil government. Through this presidency, the Bailiff is the island's chief citizen (hence the island is known as a Bailiwick). They are the official channel of communication between the island authorities and the UK Government, though this has altered since the development of ministerial government and the creation of the role of Chief Minister. The Bailiff is President of the Emergencies Council, which was established in 1990. 688: 781: 61: 230:
his claims, he cited that in the Norman administrative tradition, the Bailiffs had "no one above them except the Duke". Though the Privy Council did not agree with HĂ©rault's extreme position on the precedence of the Bailiff, on 18 February 1617 it declared that the "charge of military forces be wholly in the Governor, and the care of justice and civil affairs in the Bailiff." This secured for the Bailiff precedence over the Governor on justice and civil affairs.
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of Bailiff and Warden were separated. The (Sub-)Warden became responsible for taxation and defence, while the Bailiff became responsible for justice. While probably originally a temporary arrangement by Otto de Grandison, this became permanent and the foundation for Jersey's modern separation of Crown and justice. It also lessened the Warden's authority relative to the Bailiff, who had much more interaction with the community.
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Any oppression by a bailiff or a warden was to be resolved locally or failing that, by appeal to the King who appointed commissioners to report on disputes. In the late 1270s, Jersey was given its own Bailiff (the first record of someone holding the position is in 1277) and from the 1290s, the duties
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In addition to these two roles, the Bailiff presides the College of Electors, who appoint the Jurats, and he presides over the Licensing Assembly, the remains of a body which once exercised considerable administrative authority, but now only has the powers to grant alcohol licences. Furthermore, the
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By 1750, the Bailiffship had de facto become a hereditary position in the de Carteret family. Absences of the de Carterets and all other high-ranking posts left Charles Lempière, the Lieutenant Bailiff, in effective full control over the island. Lempière was a Parliamentarian, but by temperament was
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In 1462, the occupying French Governor de Brézé issued ordinances outlining the role of the Bailiff and the Jurats. It may well be during this occupation that the island saw the establishment of the States. Comte Maulevrier, who had led the invasion of the island, ordered the holding of an Assize in
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The position of Bailiff in Norman law predates the separation of Normandy in 1204. When the Channel Islands were granted self-governance by King John after 1204, legislative power was vested in 12 jurats, the twelve "senior men" of the island. Along with the Bailiff, they would form the Royal Court,
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HĂ©rault took this to claim the Bailiff was the real head of government and took steps to assert the precedence of the Bailiff over Governor: he ordered his name to be placed before the Governor's in church prayers and was the first Bailiff to wear red robes (in the style of English judges). To back
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The dual role has been defended on the grounds that the modern position of Bailiff is held in good temperament. Criticims do not account for the independence in action of successive Bailiffs and therefore the supposed conflict in the lack of separation of powers only exists in theory, and not in
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Such calls for the separation of the office's powers are longstanding: in 1859, writer Helier Simon called a potential separation "desirable". The report therefore recommends that the Bailiff is removed as President of the States and that the States should elect their own Speaker.
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Bailiff has powers over public entertainment. All public entertainment - such as music festivals or the Battle of Flowers - can only take place by permission of the Bailiff. This is done on consultation with public services and standards of public decency.
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in 1611. Peyton disputed this appointment, claiming it was the Governor's jurisdiction to appoint the Bailiff. HĂ©rault asserted it was the King's jurisdiction to directly appoint the Bailiff. An Order in Council (dated 9 August 1615) sided with HĂ©rault.
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After the 1948 States reforms, Jurats were removed from the States, now only sitting on the Royal Court (and the Licensing Assembly). The reforms declared that the Bailiff shall be the judge of the law, and the Jurats the "judge of fact".
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the island. Maulevrier confirmed the place of existing institutions, however created the requirement for Jurats to be chosen by Bailiffs, Jurats, Rectors and Constables. The earliest extant Act of the States dates from 1524.
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The dual role of the Bailiff as head of the judiciary and President of the States has been criticised. The 2000 Clothier report (into the Machinery of Government) argues against the dual role on the grounds that –
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practice. Ex-Bailiff Sir Philip Bailhache argues that, if the States Presidency were removed from the jurisdiction of the Bailiff, the Bailiff could no longer be described as the island's chief citizen.
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Peyton was also against democracy in the form of the States and the freedoms of the Courts in Jersey. In 1615, Jean HĂ©rault was appointed Bailiff by the King, having been promised the role by
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The list of bailiffs is only reliably traceable from Philippe L'Evesque's appointment in 1277, although earlier bailiffs are mentioned and the office may date from before 1204.
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The States President makes decisions about who should and should not be allowed to speak, but the Bailiff cannot then determine challenges to those decisions in the Royal Court.
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of the island and presides over the Royal Court and the Court of Appeal. They sit in court with at least two jurats. They are a judge of law but not generally a
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autocratic. His family had significant power with a number of high-ranking roles in the island and he issued ordinances and quashed protest through his court.
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No one should hold political power unless elected (the Bailiff is unelected) and the Speaker of a parliament cannot be non-political
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of Jersey's parliament, the States Assembly. The Bailiff is also the President of the Royal Court. It is similar in role to the
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The Bailiff is also the keeper of the island's Royal Mace the custodian of the island's seal, first granted by
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In this caricature of 1873, Bailiff of Jersey Jean Hammond (left) greets the newly arrived
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No one involved in making laws should be involved judicially in a dispute based upon them.
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Consequently, the States cannot remove the Bailiff, as he is appointed by letters patent
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The full list is expanded on in detail below, but the functions can be summarised as --
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Ex-Bailiff Sir Philip Bailhache divides the role of Bailiff into four 'headings' –
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Ceremonial functions: keeper of the Royal Mace, custodian of the island's seal
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The Cry for Constitutional Reform – A perspective from the Office of Bailiff
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The role of Deputy Bailiff was created by the States Assembly in 1958.
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Report of the Review Panel on the Machinery of Government in Jersey
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Ancillary functions deriving from the Presidency of the Royal Court
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which determined all civil and criminal causes (except treason).
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Ancillary functions deriving from the Presidency of the States
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Official conduit between the Government and UK Government
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but the Channel Islands. In 1290, separate bailiffs for
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A concise history of Jersey : a new perspective
1018:. Jersey Law (jerseylaw.je). Retrieved 3 June 2022. 919:William Bailhache 2 November 2009–29 January 2015 2795: 1368:"The Review of the Roles of the Crown Officers" 250:after consultation with the Island. They serve 283:Chief Justice and President of the Royal Court 246:The Bailiff is appointed by the Crown through 92:at the recommendation of the Jersey Government 1414: 1141:, Marguerite Syvret and Joan Stevens (1998) 922:Timothy Le Cocq 2 April 2015–17 October 2019 286:Speaker and President of the States Assembly 1346:"Jersey Bailiff William Bailhache sworn in" 1306:"Charles Malet de Carteret - theislandwiki" 1260: 1258: 1256: 1254: 1421: 1407: 1252: 1250: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1240: 1238: 1236: 1234: 798:(created Lord Coutanche in 1961) 1935–1962 1514:Channel Islands Occupation Society (CIOS) 1385:"Jersey's new Deputy Bailiff is sworn in" 1288:"William Venables Vernon - theislandwiki" 1087: 695:with the question: "Your papers, please?" 2308: 965: 963: 779: 686: 165: 1231: 1158: 1156: 1154: 2796: 1902:List of members of the States Assembly 1640: 1268:. Jersey Evening Post. 3 February 2015 1162: 765:Edouard Charles Malet de Carteret 1898 2307: 1459:German occupation during World War II 1402: 1266:"Jersey's Bailiffs through the years" 1216: 1214: 1212: 1052: 1010: 1008: 1006: 1004: 1002: 1000: 998: 996: 994: 992: 969: 960: 546:Guillaume Hareby 1479–1481, 1484–1485 16:Civic head of the Bailiwick of Jersey 2011:Jersey Financial Services Commission 1224:(2000). Chapter 8: The Bailiff. 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1494:German tunnels 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1456: 1450: 1448: 1441: 1435: 1434: 1432: articles 1426: 1425: 1418: 1411: 1403: 1396: 1395:External links 1393: 1391: 1390: 1376: 1359: 1337: 1315: 1297: 1279: 1230: 1208: 1180: 1174:978-1860776502 1173: 1150: 1131: 1113:Bisson, Mike. 1105: 1099:978-0709142522 1098: 1080: 1065: 1045: 1020: 988: 958: 956: 953: 952: 951: 946: 941: 934: 931: 930: 929: 923: 920: 917: 914: 908: 905: 896: 895: 875: 873: 859: 858:Deputy Bailiff 856: 855: 854: 848: 842: 834: 831: 830: 829: 823: 817: 811: 805: 799: 793: 785:Lord Coutanche 777: 774: 773: 772: 766: 763: 760: 754: 748: 742: 739:Jean de Veulle 736: 731: 728: 727: 726: 720: 714: 708: 684: 681: 680: 679: 676: 666: 663: 660: 650: 640: 634: 624: 618: 612: 609: 606: 601: 598: 597: 596: 593: 590: 587: 584: 581:George Paulett 578: 575: 572: 569: 566: 561: 558: 557: 556: 553: 550: 547: 544: 541: 538: 535: 532: 529: 526: 523: 520: 517: 514: 509: 506: 505: 504: 501: 498: 495: 492: 489: 486: 483: 480: 477: 474: 471: 468: 461: 454: 447: 440: 433: 426: 419: 412: 405: 398: 391: 388: 385: 382: 377: 374: 369: 366: 357: 356: 353: 350: 349: 348: 336: 333: 307:Chef Magistrat 303: 302: 299: 296: 293: 290: 287: 284: 277: 276: 273: 270: 267: 259: 256: 248:letters patent 243: 240: 223:letters patent 206: 203: 155:of Jersey and 135: 134: 131: 127: 126: 120: 116: 115: 112: 108: 107: 101: 95: 94: 84: 80: 79: 69: 68: 65: 64: 56: 55: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2831: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2801: 2799: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2775: 2771: 2768: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2749: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2717: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2677:Saint Saviour 2674: 2668: 2667:du Coin Varin 2665: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2636: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2593: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2576: 2574: 2570: 2564: 2561: 2559: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2549: 2548:de la QuĂ©ruĂ©e 2546: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2489: 2483: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2469: 2467: 2465: 2461: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2441: 2439: 2437: 2436:Saint Clement 2433: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2408: 2406: 2404: 2400: 2394: 2393:Les Minquiers 2391: 2389: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2379: 2376: 2374: 2371: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2362: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2306: 2302: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2272: 2269: 2268: 2266: 2264: 2260: 2250: 2249: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2229: 2227: 2225: 2221: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2198: 2195: 2193: 2190: 2189: 2188: 2185: 2183: 2180: 2178: 2177:Jersey people 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2133: 2130: 2129: 2126: 2122: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2101: 2098: 2097: 2096: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2065: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2043: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2031: 2027: 2024: 2023: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1999: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1986: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1939: 1935: 1932: 1928: 1925: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1916: 1910: 1907: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1892:Royal Militia 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1832: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1815: 1814: 1811: 1810: 1807: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1794: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1768: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1733: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1703: 1699: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1654: 1652: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1568: 1567:La Hougue Bie 1565: 1564: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1552: 1548: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1479:Civilian life 1477: 1475: 1474:Collaboration 1472: 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1461: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1451: 1449: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1431: 1424: 1419: 1417: 1412: 1410: 1405: 1404: 1401: 1386: 1380: 1369: 1363: 1347: 1341: 1325: 1319: 1311: 1307: 1301: 1293: 1289: 1283: 1267: 1261: 1259: 1257: 1255: 1253: 1251: 1249: 1247: 1245: 1243: 1241: 1239: 1237: 1235: 1227: 1223: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1197: 1193: 1187: 1185: 1176: 1170: 1166: 1159: 1157: 1155: 1148: 1147:1-86077-065-7 1144: 1140: 1135: 1120: 1116: 1109: 1101: 1095: 1091: 1084: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1062: 1058: 1057: 1049: 1034: 1030: 1024: 1017: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1003: 1001: 999: 997: 995: 993: 977: 973: 966: 964: 959: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 937: 936: 927: 926:Robert MacRae 924: 921: 918: 915: 912: 911:Francis Hamon 909: 906: 903: 900: 899: 892: 883: 879: 876:This list is 874: 867: 866: 863: 852: 849: 846: 843: 840: 837: 836: 827: 824: 821: 818: 815: 812: 809: 806: 803: 800: 797: 794: 791: 790: 786: 782: 770: 767: 764: 761: 758: 755: 752: 749: 746: 743: 740: 737: 734: 733: 724: 721: 718: 715: 712: 709: 706: 702: 699: 698: 694: 689: 677: 674: 670: 667: 664: 661: 658: 654: 651: 648: 644: 641: 638: 635: 632: 628: 625: 622: 619: 616: 613: 610: 607: 604: 603: 594: 591: 588: 585: 582: 579: 576: 573: 570: 567: 564: 563: 554: 551: 548: 545: 542: 539: 536: 533: 530: 527: 524: 521: 518: 515: 512: 511: 502: 499: 496: 493: 490: 487: 484: 481: 478: 475: 472: 469: 462: 455: 448: 441: 434: 427: 420: 413: 406: 399: 392: 389: 386: 383: 380: 379: 373: 365: 361: 354: 351: 346: 345: 343: 342: 341: 332: 330: 325: 321: 319: 314: 312: 311:judge of fact 308: 300: 297: 294: 291: 288: 285: 282: 281: 280: 274: 271: 268: 265: 264: 263: 255: 253: 249: 239: 235: 231: 227: 224: 219: 215: 211: 202: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 172: 168: 164: 162: 158: 154: 153:chief justice 150: 146: 142: 132: 128: 121: 117: 114:At least 1204 113: 109: 105: 102: 100: 96: 88: 85: 81: 74: 66: 62: 57: 52: 49: 46: 42: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 21:Law of Jersey 2774:Bibliography 2695:des Pigneaux 2563:Les ÉcrĂ©hous 2530:Saint Martin 2500:de la VallĂ©e 2388:de la Rocque 2281:Coat of arms 2246: 2021:Jersey pound 1936: 1825:Constitution 1662:Haute ValleĂ© 1574:Mont Orgueil 1484:Deportations 1379: 1362: 1350:. Retrieved 1340: 1328:. Retrieved 1318: 1309: 1300: 1291: 1282: 1270:. Retrieved 1221: 1199:. Retrieved 1195: 1164: 1138: 1134: 1122:. Retrieved 1118: 1108: 1089: 1083: 1055: 1048: 1036:. Retrieved 1032: 1023: 979:. Retrieved 975: 902:Vernon Tomes 889:January 2024 886: 861: 833:21st century 776:20th century 751:Jean Hammond 730:19th century 683:18th century 600:17th century 560:16th century 508:15th century 376:14th century 371: 362: 358: 338: 326: 322: 315: 306: 304: 278: 261: 245: 236: 232: 228: 220: 216: 212: 208: 176: 140: 138: 119:First holder 48: 2662:des Augerez 2639:Saint Peter 2553:de l'Église 2543:de Faldouet 2449:du Rocquier 2411:de Noirmont 2330:de la Ville 2237:Channel 103 2197:Opera House 2192:Jersey Live 2016:Jersey Post 1776:Saint Aubin 1701:Independent 1677:Le Rocquier 1454:Archaeology 707:, 1703–1715 675:, 1682–1693 659:, 1661–1662 649:, 1660–1661 633:, 1643–1651 242:Appointment 99:Term length 2798:Categories 2743:des Augrès 2685:de Maufant 2596:Saint Ouen 2573:Saint Mary 2464:Saint John 2454:de Samarès 2426:de la Moye 2403:St Brelade 2373:des Marais 2310:Vingtaines 2172:Jersey cow 2157:Eisteddfod 2142:Demography 1882:ConnĂ©table 1763:Reservoirs 1657:Grainville 1650:Government 1589:Corn Riots 1469:Resistance 1464:Evacuation 1352:6 February 1038:20 January 981:17 October 955:References 878:incomplete 37:Norman law 19:See also: 2738:du Rondin 2477:de HĂ©rupe 2378:de la Rue 2365:Grouville 2322:St Helier 2152:Education 2095:Transport 2046:Committee 1954:Judiciary 1909:Viscounts 1857:Elections 1771:St Helier 1748:Geography 1736:Geography 1633:Education 1550:Specifics 1541:Perquages 1526:Windmills 1447:Overviews 1075:705959744 828:1994–2009 822:1986–1994 816:1975–1985 810:1962–1975 804:1961–1962 771:1899–1931 759:1880–1884 753:1858–1880 747:1848–1857 741:1831–1848 725:1776–1826 719:1763–1776 713:1715–1763 639:1651–1660 617:1627–1643 583:1583–1586 331:in 1279. 187:Henry III 111:Formation 83:Appointer 70:Incumbent 2783:Category 2733:de Rozel 2647:du Douet 2538:de Rozel 2482:du Douet 2204:Religion 2058:Taxation 1969:Honorary 1938:Greffier 1797:Politics 1758:Parishes 1667:Hautlieu 1536:Maritime 1521:COVID-19 1124:15 March 933:See also 329:Edward I 199:Guernsey 41:Advocate 2767:Outline 2720:Trinity 2586:du Nord 2472:du Nord 2416:du Coin 2263:Symbols 2214:Theatre 2116:Culture 2100:airport 2090:Tourism 1989:Economy 1813:Bailiff 1753:Geology 1642:Schools 1562:Dolmens 1439:History 1330:3 April 368:Holders 316:In the 205:History 179:Bailiff 2581:du Sud 2314:parish 2271:Anthem 2033:Livre 1964:Police 1927:Courts 1430:Jersey 1272:1 July 1222:et al. 1201:13 May 1171:  1145:  1096:  1073:  1063:  703:, 3rd 671:, 2nd 655:, 1st 645:, 1st 629:, 1st 335:Future 318:States 195:Jersey 145:French 130:Deputy 43:, and 2224:Media 2209:Sport 2187:Music 2041:Roads 2026:coins 1959:Jurat 1931:Royal 1781:Gorey 1371:(PDF) 1348:. BBC 258:Roles 33:Jurat 2286:Flag 2078:Sure 1818:list 1354:2015 1332:2013 1274:2020 1203:2022 1169:ISBN 1143:ISBN 1126:2021 1094:ISBN 1071:OCLC 1061:ISBN 1040:2021 983:2019 623:1643 467:1332 460:1332 453:1332 446:1332 439:1332 432:1324 425:1324 418:1324 411:1324 404:1324 397:1324 197:and 139:The 2312:by 1919:Law 884:. 705:Bt. 673:Bt. 657:Bt. 647:Bt. 631:Bt. 2800:: 1308:. 1290:. 1233:^ 1211:^ 1194:. 1183:^ 1153:^ 1117:. 1069:. 1031:. 991:^ 974:. 962:^ 465:c. 458:c. 451:c. 444:c. 437:c. 430:c. 423:c. 416:c. 409:c. 402:c. 395:c. 147:: 39:, 35:, 31:, 27:, 23:, 2277:) 2273:( 1933:) 1929:( 1422:e 1415:t 1408:v 1387:. 1356:. 1334:. 1312:. 1294:. 1276:. 1205:. 1177:. 1128:. 1102:. 1077:. 1042:. 985:. 891:) 887:( 163:. 143:( 89:,

Index

Law of Jersey
Courts of Jersey
Bailiff (Channel Islands)
Jurat
Norman law
Advocate
Judiciary of Jersey (list)

Sir Timothy Le Cocq
Monarch of the United Kingdom
Term length
At His Majesty's Pleasure
French
chief justice
presiding officer
Bailiff of Guernsey

Sir Michael Birt
Bailiff
Treaty of Paris 1259
Henry III
Duchy of Normandy
Jersey
Guernsey
letters patent
letters patent
at His Majesty's pleasure
judge of fact
States
Edward I

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