89:
938:
1763:
2494:
1794:
1783:
77:
877:
115:
2506:
1771:
2113:
2858:- the white town (one of many) - perhaps because of its pale walls and this white motif caught on. The Saxons called it Weissenburg and later Karlsburg, in honour of Emperor Charles VI, who built the great eighteenth-century fortress here. The Hungarians had already adopted the notion of whiteness, but another crept in too: the word 'Julius', after a mid-tenth-century (Hungarian?) prince who had visited Constantinople and been baptised there. In Hungarian, Gyulafehérvár, means "white city of Gyula". The Rumanians stuck to Bălgrad, then adopted the medieval Latin name of Alba Iulia."
2441:
405:
135:
2542:
2530:
2423:
2459:
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2482:
1108:
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194:
103:
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178:
149:
4365:
2074:
2139:
2152:
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2126:
2100:
2009:
1867:(13th century). The first astronomical observatory in Transylvania was founded here in 1792. The Apor Palace, situated on the same street as the Bathyaneum Library, belonged to Prince Apor and was built in the second half of the 17th century. At the beginning of the 18th century, it was the residence of the Austrian army leader Prince Steinville. The palace was renovated in 2007 under the supervision of the Romanian Ministry of Culture.
263:
1702:
819:
4257:
2048:
161:
61:
2178:
2165:
2035:
2022:
201:
3011:, KLTE, 1986, p. 85 Citations: "Itt említjük meg, hogy Gyulafehérvárat akkoriban románul Belgrad-nak hívták, csak Romániához történt csatolása után lett belôle Alba Iulia." Translation: "We mention it here that Gyulafehérvár was called Belgrad in Romanian and it turned to Alba Iulia after it became part of Romania."
1885:
The
Princely Palace (Palatul Principilor or Palatul Voievodal) was Michael the Brave's residence during the first political unification of the Romanians in 1600. Foreign chronicles pictured it as an extremely luxurious building, richly adorned with frescos and marble stairs, which later deteriorated.
2406:
In 1891, the city had 8,167 residents, of which 3,482 were
Hungarians (42.63%), 3,426 Romanians (41.94%), and 867 Germans/Transylvanian Saxons (10.62%). By 1910 the number of inhabitants increased to 11,616. 5,226 of them were Hungarians (45%), 5,170 Romanians (44.51%), and 792 Germans/Transylvanian
1881:
The
National Museum of Unification in Alba Iulia is located in the "Babylon" Building. It was built between 1851 and 1853 for military purposes and became a museum in 1887. The museum exhibits over 130,000 pieces of artworks, organized chronologically. The Unification Hall, also part of the National
1182:
from
Hungary and Wallachia, as well as Sephardim. From 1754 to 1868, the town rabbi was the chief rabbi of Transylvania. A synagogue was built in 1840, with a Sephardic one following in 1874. Most local Jews in the 19th century worked in viticulture and bought land for growing vines; in the 20th
963:
was baptized in the
Byzantine Empire and built around 950 in Alba Iulia the first church of Transylvania. The ruins of a church were discovered in 2011. According to Ioan Aurel Pop and other historians, here lived Hierotheos the first bishop of Transylvania, who accompanied Geula back to Hungary
1827:
Inside the fortress are The Union Hall with the
National Honour Gallery, The National History Museum of Unification, the Princely Palace (Voivodal Palace), the Orthodox cathedral, the Roman Catholic cathedral, the Batthyaneum Library, the Roman Catholic bishop's palace, the Apor Palace, and the
2999:, Politikai Könyvkiadó, 1973, p. 41, Citations: "A középkori latin okiratok Alba Iulia-ja csak a XVIII. századtól terjed el a román köznyelvben" Translation: " the term 'Alba Iulia', used in medieval Latin charters, started to spread in the Romanian vulgar tongue only in the 18th century"
1824:". After 1720, the two architects radically transformed the medieval fortress shaped by the former Roman castrum into a seven-bastion baroque fortress, developing Menno van Coehorn's new Dutch system, of which the fortress of Alba Iulia is the best preserved example.
2854:, Citations: "The Dacian Apulon became the Latin Apulum, and the place was full of traces of the old Roman colony. But both of these words were silenced when the hushed and muffling spread of the Slavs stifled the old names of Eastern Europe forever. They renamed it
1882:
History Museum, retains historical significance from having hosted, on 1 December 1918, the rally of the 1228 Romanian delegations from
Transylvania who determined the province's union with the Kingdom of Romania. The building was used in 1895 as a military casino.
3582:
974:
Transylvanian bishopric, recent archaeological discoveries suggest that the first cathedral was built in the 11th century or possibly before. The present
Catholic cathedral was built in the 12th or 13th century. In 1442,
3197:"An analysis of the Cemeteries from the 10th and 11th Centuries in Brânduşei Street, Alba Iulia (Gyulafehérvár, Karlsburg). New theories on the migration of People in Transylvania in the 10 th -11th Centuries"
406:
413:
1870:
The
Orthodox Unification Cathedral was built between 1921 and 1923, following the plans of architect D.G. Ștefănescu and built under the supervision of eng. T. Eremia. The frescoes were painted by
652:, is the adoption of this that started to spread in Romanian in ordinary speech in the 18th century. The modern name has been officially used since the town became part of Romania.
2403:
In 1850, Alba Iulia had 5,408 inhabitants, 2,530 of them being
Romanians (46.78%), 1,009 Hungarians (18.67%), 748 Germans/Transylvanian Saxons (13.83%), and 1,121 (20.73%) others.
2996:
3224:
Early modern religious communities in East-Central Europe: Ethnic Diversity, Denominational Plurality, and Corporative Politics in the Principality of Transylvania (1526–1691)
2654:
1812:
renamed the city Karlsburg. The fortress, with seven bastions in a stellar shape, was constructed between 1716 and 1735 by two Swiss fortification architects. The first was
995:
In 1542 — after the partition of the Kingdom of Hungary — Alba Iulia became the capital of Transylvania and some of its neighboring territories to the west (later known as
2846:
Patrick Leigh Fermor, Between the woods and the water: on foot to Constantipole from the Hook of Holland : the middle Danube to the Iron Gates, Viking, 1986, p. 138,
1817:
1813:
4288:
1054:, uniting the principalities of Wallachia, Moldavia and Transylvania under his rule, which lasted for a year and a half until he was murdered in 1601, by General
2754:
2493:
1198:
regime confiscated Jewish property and sent the men to forced labor. After World War II, the community was re-established but soon dwindled as Jews emigrated.
4487:
1174:
The Jewish community, which was the first in Transylvania, was established in the 14th century. A community was officially founded by permission of Prince
1945:
967:
Analysis of the necropoles of the city prior to the 11th century show that they were used by a population different from the conquering Hungarians.
2706:
2408:
1829:
1992:
1836:
style in Transylvania, and is considered to be an important monument of early Transylvanian medieval architecture. The tombs of John Hunyadi and
4492:
2766:
2690:
2440:
2422:
1894:
the second palace was restored, but not to its previous condition. After 1716, the building was used as an Habsburg Imperial Army barracks.
4403:
4281:
1000:
494:
486:
225:
3308:
2458:
3149:
I. Strajan, Adevărul istoric a învins la Alba Iulia, Despre prima organizare creştină din Transylvania – sec. X, "DACOROMANIA" nr.55/2011
2888:
Placenames of the World: Origins And Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features and Historic Sites
4467:
2691:
Metropolitan of Kiev and other Eastern Orthodox Churches before 1686 (Київська митрополія та інші православні церкви перед 1686 роком )
2622:
2589:
2447:
1787:
937:
88:
4447:
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and believed by some archaeologists to be the Dacian fortifications on top of Piatra Craivii. After Dacia became a province of the
478:
4274:
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2429:
1070:
3115:
2541:
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4297:
1851:, bishop of Transylvania, adapted the inside of the building for use as a library. It is famous for its series of manuscripts,
1775:
3009:
Magyar történeti tanulmányok, Volumes 19-21, Acta Universitatis Debreceniensis de Ludovico Kossuth nominatae: Series historica
2615:
3520:
3236:
3179:
3140:
Ioan Aurel Pop, Jan Nicolae, Ovidiu Panaite, Sfântul Ierotei, episcop de Alba Iulia (sec. X). Edit. Reîntregirea, 2010, 335 p
2913:
1128:
2465:
1762:
586:). When the settlement with its Roman ruins became the seat of a dukedom in the 10th century, the population may have been
3022:
Berichte und Forschungen. Jahrbuch des Bundesinstituts für Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen im Östlichen Europa 11/2003
1183:
century, they were mainly artisans. By 1930, the 1558 Jews of Alba Iulia represented nearly 13% of the town's population.
4477:
4472:
3590:
1832:. Built in the 10th and 11th centuries, the Roman Catholic cathedral is the most representative building in the medieval
17:
1073:
were executed in Alba Iulia in January 1785. Important milestones in the city's development include the creation of the
2529:
1793:
1132:
506:
3076:
2983:
3296:
3065:
3042:
2968:
2851:
1749:
858:
1731:
1797:
518:
4106:
2788:
1215:
1083:
4462:
3089:
613:
is a translation of the earlier Slavic form, meaning "white castle of the Gyula" meaning "white city of Julius".
193:
3450:
2565:
1154:
in Alba Iulia. In October 2012, at the 90th anniversary of King Ferdinand's coronation, his great-granddaughter
4457:
3581:
3473:
1805:
1727:
1066:
840:
668:
3490:
1228:
1155:
3034:
2902:"Christianization in Early Medieval Transylvania: A Church Discovered in Alba Iulia and its Interpretations"
3008:
2935:
366:
148:
4002:
3987:
2553:
1723:
1011:, the city reached a high point in its cultural history with the establishment of an academy. The former
836:
134:
2703:
2655:"Comunicat de presă privind rezultatele provizorii ale Recensământului Populaţiei şi Locuinţelor – 2011"
497:
until 1711. At one point it also was a center of the Eastern Orthodox Metropolitan of Transylvania with
4452:
1782:
153:
3464:
Makkai, László (2001). "Transylvania in the medieval Hungarian kingdom (896–1526)", In: Béla Köpeczi,
2734:
2616:"Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021"
1107:
177:
4374:
3513:
3288:
2505:
2078:
1874:
in a traditional iconographic style. The first monarchs of the Unified Romania, King Ferdinand I and
1207:
1065:, designed by architect Giovanni Morando Visconti, was built between 1716 and 1735, at the behest of
482:
3334:
2385:
1712:
1187:
1012:
876:
76:
2481:
640:
Under the influence of the Hungarian form, Gyulafehérvár, the town's Latin name eventually became
1833:
1716:
1095:
1047:
980:
829:
490:
160:
3171:
1770:
114:
3995:
3681:
3421:
1973:
1903:
1891:
1856:
1837:
1257:
1147:
510:
4319:
3020:
2639:
2156:
959:
and lord of Transylvania—who built the capital of his dukedom there during the 10th century.
4166:
3921:
2389:
1004:
971:
942:
345:
66:
3706:
2593:
3506:
3359:
2960:
2397:
2381:
2377:
1915:
1848:
1140:
1123:
At the end of World War I, representatives of the Romanian population of Transylvania, the
956:
911:
575:
533:
355:
3966:
3726:
3416:
2517:
2407:
Saxons (6.82%). At the 1930 census, 34.7% of the population were Romanian Orthodox, 28.1%
2026:
8:
4442:
4231:
4211:
4018:
3886:
3638:
1979:
1976:(1588–1638), German Calvinist minister and academic. Spent his last years and died there.
1940:
1844:
1074:
987:. The cathedral was enlarged during his reign and he was entombed there after his death.
3711:
3392:
4306:
3891:
3871:
3164:
2393:
1875:
1136:
606:
433:
3911:
3806:
3119:
3661:
3469:
3292:
3232:
3175:
3061:
3038:
2964:
2909:
2847:
2182:
1809:
1039:
915:
725:, the pre-feudal white citadel. Later in the Middle Ages, different names were used:
498:
399:
3451:
Recensământul general al populației României din 29 Decemvrie 1930, vol. II, p. 522.
3256:
1954:
1924:
4181:
4171:
3741:
3228:
2814:
1949:
1909:
951:
599:
514:
474:
4091:
3603:
459:
4266:
4111:
3434:
3222:
2887:
2710:
2411:, 12.9% Roman Catholic, 12.7% Jews, 7.3% Reformed Protestant, and 3.1% Lutheran.
2065:
1930:
1887:
1860:
1175:
1151:
1008:
922:
903:
684:
656:
470:
446:
417:
4176:
3976:
3961:
3801:
3766:
3691:
3057:
594:(meaning "white castle" or "white town"). The old Romanian name of the town was
4136:
3856:
3796:
634:
441:
3651:
2726:
2660:. Alba County Regional Statistics Directorate. 2 February 2012. Archived from
1804:
The main historical area of Alba Iulia is the Upper Town region, developed by
4436:
4141:
4041:
3901:
3826:
2384:, there were 63,536 inhabitants; of these, 95.3% were ethnic Romanians, 3.2%
2380:, there was a total population of 64,227 people living in this city. At the
2091:
1982:(1756–1828), Jewish writer, mathematician, and rabbi. Retired and died there.
1936:
1919:
1520:
1243:
1230:
1195:
1055:
984:
240:
227:
102:
3786:
3618:
2986:
Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Press, p. 196
955:
mentions a Hungarian regent named Jula or Geula—the maternal grandfather of
4387:
3956:
3756:
3686:
3671:
3159:
1864:
1166:
1035:("Albanian Belgrade" in Turkish, early name of Berat during Ottoman rule).
976:
918:
899:
463:
4364:
4329:
4216:
4131:
4101:
4017:
3257:"The Transylvanian Jewish Identity's Avatars in the Epoch of Emancipation"
2755:
Iaşi desemnat "Capitală istorică", iar Alba Iulia "Capitală a Marii Uniri"
590:. From the 9th to the 11th centuries, the settlement bore the Slavic name
4421:
4096:
4086:
3971:
3861:
3776:
3530:
2130:
2039:
1998:
1960:
1852:
571:
539:
451:
278:
4334:
4186:
4066:
4061:
3916:
3656:
2901:
4344:
3876:
3751:
3721:
3498:
2073:
1871:
1191:
1179:
843: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
699:
529:
4236:
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Alba Iulia became part of the Habsburg Monarchy in 1690. The fortress
929:
located in Romania, occupying 37.5 hectares (93 acres) (750 x 500 m).
4314:
4243:
4191:
4161:
4156:
3736:
3676:
3545:
1043:
525:
502:
336:
165:
46:
4121:
4076:
4071:
3946:
3941:
3906:
3866:
3841:
3836:
3821:
3746:
3731:
3701:
3285:
The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust: A—J
1701:
1024:
914:
was the largest urban centre in Roman Dacia and was the seat of the
818:
4354:
4349:
4146:
3196:
2956:
2138:
2052:
1051:
1028:
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630:
626:
294:
4256:
4196:
4081:
4051:
3951:
3926:
3831:
3816:
3811:
3623:
3571:
2104:
970:
After Stephen I adopted Catholicism, and the establishment of the
469:
During ancient times, the site was the location of the Roman camp
4206:
4126:
4116:
4022:
3931:
3881:
3666:
3536:
2151:
2117:
2086:
2060:
2047:
1127:, gathered in Alba Iulia on 1 December 1918 during the so-called
1050:
and became Voivode of Transylvania. In 1600 he gained control of
996:
926:
895:
672:
583:
455:
268:
4151:
3936:
60:
4339:
4226:
4221:
4056:
3791:
3716:
3696:
3628:
2169:
2143:
2125:
2099:
2008:
1821:
890:
676:
362:
341:
4416:
4201:
3851:
3846:
3781:
3646:
3613:
3598:
2177:
2164:
2112:
2034:
2021:
2013:
1939:(1931–2018), Israeli professor of sociology and President at
1766:
The Batthyaneum Library, former monastery of the Trinitarians
1032:
983:, used the citadel to prepare for a major battle against the
885:
710:
587:
3466:
Historyof Transylvania Volume I: From the Beginnings to 1606
2936:
NHQ; the New Hungarian Quarterly, Volume 29; Volumes 109-110
1847:
is held in a former church built in Baroque style. In 1780,
1077:
in 1780 and the arrival of the railway in the 19th century.
964:
after Geula had been baptized in Constantinople around 950.
4382:
4324:
3566:
3561:
3338:
1816:, who built two old Italian-style bastions. The second was
1007:
was signed in the town in 1551. During the reign of Prince
1125:
National Assembly of Romanians of Transylvania and Hungary
884:
The modern city is located near the site of the important
3485:
3058:
MEGSZENTELT KÖVEK A KÖZÉPKORI ERDÉLYI PÜSPÖKSÉG TEMPLOMAI
378:
2984:
Medieval and Early Modern for Central and Eastern Europe
536:. In December 1918, Alba Iulia was officially declared
894:, which was mentioned by the ancient Greek geographer
1023:("Belgrade of Transylvania" in English) where Erdel (
1143:
decided to join this declaration on 8 January 1919.
2997:
Közös sors--testvéri hagyományok: történelmi vázlat
2468:
Panoramic view of Alba Iulia, Transylvania, Romania
2450:
Panoramic view of Alba Iulia, Transylvania, Romania
2432:
Panoramic view of Alba Iulia, Transylvania, Romania
4296:
3163:
3060:, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Alba Iulia, 2000,
1878:were crowned in the cathedral on 15 October 1922.
1046:, entered Alba Iulia following his victory in the
481:. Between 1526 and 1570 it was the capital of the
3037:, Alliance of Transylvanian Saxons, 1982, p. 55,
4434:
3166:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500-1250
1912:(1676–1713), Prince of Transylvania 1690 to 1699
906:was established here, and the city was known as
880:"Porta Principalis Dextra" of the castrum Apulum
3270:(Transylvanian Identities in the Modern Epoch).
3035:The Transylvanian Saxons: historical highlights
2906:Christianization in Early Medieval Transylvania
2767:"State Of Play Report Alba Iulila Municipality"
1993:List of twin towns and sister cities in Romania
1855:and rare books—such as half of the 9th century
1194:terrorized local Jews. The following year, the
629:, a mid-10th-century Hungarian warlord who was
477:, the city has been the seat of Transylvania's
27:City and county capital in Alba County, Romania
990:
617:is the Romanian feminine form of the word for
546:The city administers four villages: Bărăbanț (
466:, it has a population of 63,536 (as of 2011).
4282:
4003:
3514:
3468:, Columbia University Press, New York, 2001,
1986:
1158:visited Alba Iulia to commemorate the event.
4488:Capitals of the Principality of Transylvania
3386:"ERDÉLY ETNIKAI ÉS FELEKEZETI STATISZTIKÁJA"
2812:
2721:
2719:
695:was also a Medieval Latin form of its name.
3264:Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai, Historia
2547:Cannon fire by the citadel's Austrian guard
1906:(1645–1676), elected prince of Transylvania
1730:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1178:in 1623. The 18th century saw an influx of
4289:
4275:
4010:
3996:
3521:
3507:
3279:
3277:
3052:
3050:
2684:
2682:
2592:. Central Electoral Bureau. Archived from
1967:
1118:
509:was declared in Alba Iulia, and Romania's
3283:Shmuel Spector, Geoffrey Wigoder (eds.),
2842:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2808:
2806:
2716:
1750:Learn how and when to remove this message
1225:Climate data for Alba Iulia (coordinates:
888:political, economic and social centre of
859:Learn how and when to remove this message
524:Alba Iulia is historically important for
3528:
2938:, Lapkiadó Publishing House, 1988, p. 73
1792:
1781:
1778:. Its tower dates from the 17th century.
1769:
1761:
1165:
936:
875:
3274:
3254:
3170:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
3047:
2894:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2679:
2649:
2647:
1963:(1981–), producer, composer, and singer
663:. The Saxons later renamed the town to
450:) is a city that serves as the seat of
14:
4435:
2829:
2803:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2209:
1027:) was added to prevent confusion with
493:in 1570 and it was the capital of the
310:103.65 km (40.02 sq mi)
4493:Roman legionary fortresses in Romania
4270:
3991:
3502:
3441:p. 237. Hungarian Electronic Library.
3425:. Hungarian Electronic Library (MEK).
3309:"Alba lulia - Weather data by months"
3250:
3248:
3158:
2946:
2944:
2590:"Results of the 2020 local elections"
2499:Obelisk of Horea, Cloșca, and Crișan
1948:(1942–), physicist and member of the
1840:—Queen of Hungary are located there.
1129:Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia
398:
3458:
3326:
3220:
3194:
2950:
2870:
2644:
2535:Unirii Hall, view from Custozza Park
1788:Obelisk of Horea, Cloșca, and Crișan
1728:adding citations to reliable sources
1695:
841:adding citations to reliable sources
812:
721:denotes the ruins of the Roman fort
3255:Gyémánt, Ladislau (December 2012).
3079:, Meridiane Pub. House, 1966, p. 74
2953:Földrajzi nevek etimológiai szótára
2908:, Brill, p. 11, 20 June 2022,
2776:
24:
3332:
3245:
2941:
2704:The Metropolitan Cathedral of Cluj
2204:
1003:, and remained so until 1690. The
507:Union of Transylvania with Romania
200:
25:
4504:
4468:Roman towns and cities in Romania
3479:
2813:Jarig Bakker (10 February 2001).
1161:
1089:The Austrian Guard of the Citadel
727:Frank episcopus Belleggradienesis
505:diocese. On 1 December 1918, the
293:Gabriel Pleșa (2020–2024) (
4363:
4255:
3580:
2623:National Institute of Statistics
2564:
2552:
2540:
2528:
2516:
2504:
2492:
2480:
2473:
2457:
2439:
2421:
2176:
2163:
2150:
2137:
2124:
2111:
2098:
2085:
2072:
2059:
2046:
2033:
2020:
2007:
1700:
1106:
1094:
1082:
871:
817:
261:
199:
192:
176:
159:
147:
133:
120:Saint Michael Catholic Cathedral
113:
101:
87:
75:
59:
4448:Populated places in Alba County
3444:
3428:
3410:
3378:
3360:"Orașe înfrățite cu Alba Iulia"
3352:
3301:
3214:
3188:
3152:
3143:
3134:
3108:
3082:
3070:
3028:
3014:
3002:
2989:
2977:
2928:
2861:
2190:
1071:Transylvanian peasant rebellion
828:needs additional citations for
4298:Historical capitals of Hungary
4026:(alphabetical order by county)
2759:
2748:
2697:
2629:
2608:
2582:
1933:(1887–1971), botanist and monk
1806:Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
1684:Source: Meteomanz (2014-2023)
1067:Emperor Charles VI of Habsburg
932:
13:
1:
4483:Capitals of Romanian counties
1216:Köppen climate classification
1156:Princess Margarita of Romania
1139:. The representatives of the
767:B. Michaelis arch. Transsilv.
717:. The first part of the name
713:name in the 10th century was
519:Alba Iulia Orthodox Cathedral
4404:Principality of Transylvania
2815:"Alba Iulia (Romania, Alba)"
2576:
2414:
1691:
1186:In October 1940, during the
1001:Principality of Transylvania
648:. Its modern Romanian name,
495:Principality of Transylvania
487:Principality of Transylvania
462:in the historical region of
454:in the west-central part of
7:
3439:Révai Nagylexikona, vol. 9.
3092:. Apulum.ro. Archived from
2571:Piața Unirii (Union Square)
1886:During the rule of Princes
1798:Romanian Orthodox Cathedral
1593:Average precipitation days
1449:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1309:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
991:Ottoman and Habsburg period
793:in 1576, Belugrad in 1579,
763:Albensis eccl. Transsylvane
94:Defense wall of the citadel
10:
4509:
4478:Former capitals of Hungary
4473:Localities in Transylvania
2713:. Transylvania and Beyond.
2693:. Likbez. 16 December 2018
1990:
1987:Twin towns – sister cities
1918:(1800–1887), musician and
1897:
1683:
1224:
1201:
808:
574:the settlement was called
4401:
4375:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
4372:
4361:
4304:
4253:
4032:
3637:
3589:
3578:
3544:
3366:(in Romanian). Alba Iulia
3289:New York University Press
2369:
2222:—
1818:Nicolaus Doxat de Demoret
1814:Giovanni Morandi Visconti
1639:
1592:
1518:
1448:
1378:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1208:humid continental climate
1150:was symbolically crowned
667:(Carlsburg) in honour of
483:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
373:
352:
335:
331:620/km (1,600/sq mi)
327:
319:
314:
306:
301:
289:
284:
274:
256:
221:
187:
175:
129:
53:
44:
37:
3491:Alba Iulia photo gallery
2891:, McFarland, 2006, p. 23
2791:. Jewish Virtual Library
2559:Michael the Brave Statue
1957:(1949–), writer and poet
1830:University of Alba Iulia
1776:Roman Catholic Cathedral
1188:National Legionary State
1101:Alba Iulia on a 1556 map
715:Civitatem Albam in Ereel
702:, the city was known as
598:, which originated from
565:
82:Porta Principalis Dextra
2735:Encyclopædia Britannica
2636:Encyclopædia Britannica
2409:Romanian Greek Catholic
1968:Other notable residents
1119:20th and 21st centuries
981:Voivode of Transylvania
458:. Located on the river
396:Romanian pronunciation:
182:Location in Alba County
32:Municipality in Romania
4463:Roman sites in Romania
3422:A Pallas nagy lexikona
3335:"Friesenhausen, David"
1974:Johann Heinrich Alsted
1857:Codex Aureus of Lorsch
1808:in honour of whom the
1801:
1790:
1779:
1767:
1171:
1148:Ferdinand I of Romania
946:
881:
739:Albensis Ultrasilvanus
540:Great Union of Romania
479:Roman Catholic diocese
445:
437:
421:
400:[ˌalbaˈjuli.a]
4458:Fortified settlements
4167:Drobeta-Turnu Severin
3221:Keul, István (2009).
3116:"Apulum @Livius.orgl"
2709:19 April 2019 at the
2196:Historical population
1927:(1813–1890), sculptor
1863:and the 13th century
1820:—nicknamed "Austrian
1796:
1785:
1773:
1765:
1169:
1133:Union of Transylvania
1069:. The leaders of the
1038:In 29 November 1599,
1005:Treaty of Weissenburg
943:Alba Carolina citadel
940:
879:
625:("Julius") refers to
354: • Summer (
241:46.06694°N 23.57000°E
67:Alba Carolina Citadel
3195:Gáll, Erwin (2010).
2951:Kiss, Lajos (1980).
2398:Transylvanian Saxons
1916:Ernst Michael Mangel
1800:, early 20th century
1724:improve this section
1170:Alba Iulia synagogue
1141:Transylvanian Saxons
957:Stephen I of Hungary
837:improve this article
759:canonicis Albensibus
534:Transylvanian Saxons
517:were crowned in the
328: • Density
3333:Silber, Michael K.
3096:on 11 February 2012
3090:"Alba Iulia Online"
2867:Makkai 2001, p. 365
2396:(more specifically
2370:Source: Census data
2197:
1980:David Friesenhausen
1941:Bar Ilan University
1859:, the 15th century
1845:Batthyaneum Library
1640:Average snowy days
1379:Daily mean °C (°F)
1240: /
1075:Batthyaneum Library
237: /
213:Location in Romania
18:Batthyaneum Library
4307:Kingdom of Hungary
4247:(national capital)
3231:. pp. 40–41.
3122:on 26 October 2006
2195:
1802:
1791:
1780:
1768:
1172:
1137:Kingdom of Romania
1048:Battle of Șelimbăr
999:), the autonomous
947:
882:
683:was prevalent. In
320: • Total
307: • Total
290: • Mayor
246:46.06694; 23.57000
4453:Cities in Romania
4430:
4429:
4264:
4263:
4248:
4027:
3985:
3984:
3727:Crăciunelu de Jos
3682:Bucerdea Grânoasă
3459:Secondary sources
3238:978-90-04-17652-2
3181:978-0-521-89452-4
2915:978-90-04-51586-4
2596:on 9 October 2020
2376:According to the
2374:
2373:
2027:Alcalá de Henares
1904:Francis I Rákóczi
1892:George II Rákóczi
1838:Isabella Jagiełło
1760:
1759:
1752:
1688:
1687:
1256:, elevation: 246
1244:46.050°N 23.550°E
1206:Alba Iulia has a
1040:Michael the Brave
902:, the capital of
869:
868:
861:
751:Albe Transsilvane
655:The 16th-century
578:(from the Dacian
389:
388:
16:(Redirected from
4500:
4402:Capitals of the
4373:Capitals of the
4367:
4305:Capitals of the
4291:
4284:
4277:
4268:
4267:
4259:
4246:
4025:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3989:
3988:
3712:Cetatea de Baltă
3584:
3539:
3533:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3500:
3499:
3495:
3453:
3448:
3442:
3432:
3426:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3391:. Archived from
3390:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3305:
3299:
3281:
3272:
3271:
3261:
3252:
3243:
3242:
3229:Brill Publishers
3218:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3169:
3156:
3150:
3147:
3141:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3118:. Archived from
3112:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3086:
3080:
3077:Romania in brief
3074:
3068:
3056:Ferenc Léstyán,
3054:
3045:
3032:
3026:
3018:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2948:
2939:
2934:Iván Boldizsár,
2932:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2898:
2892:
2883:
2868:
2865:
2859:
2844:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2810:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2785:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2763:
2757:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2723:
2714:
2701:
2695:
2688:Maksym Mayorov.
2686:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2667:on 18 April 2013
2666:
2659:
2651:
2642:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2620:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2586:
2568:
2556:
2544:
2532:
2520:
2508:
2496:
2484:
2461:
2443:
2425:
2211:
2206:
2198:
2194:
2181:
2180:
2168:
2167:
2155:
2154:
2142:
2141:
2129:
2128:
2116:
2115:
2103:
2102:
2090:
2089:
2077:
2076:
2064:
2063:
2051:
2050:
2038:
2037:
2025:
2024:
2012:
2011:
1950:Romanian Academy
1910:Michael II Apafi
1755:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1735:
1704:
1696:
1596:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1222:
1221:
1131:to proclaim the
1113:The Union Museum
1110:
1098:
1086:
1033:Arnavut Belgradı
952:Gesta Hungarorum
941:Defense wall of
864:
857:
853:
850:
844:
821:
813:
775:Alba sedes eptus
747:Albe Transilvane
706:("white city").
671:(1685–1740). In
558:), and Pâclișa (
511:King Ferdinand I
491:Treaty of Speyer
475:High Middle Ages
416:
410:
409:
408:
402:
397:
385:
382:
380:
359:
267:
265:
264:
252:
251:
249:
248:
247:
242:
238:
235:
234:
233:
230:
203:
202:
196:
180:
163:
151:
137:
117:
108:The Union Museum
105:
91:
79:
63:
35:
34:
21:
4508:
4507:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4497:
4433:
4432:
4431:
4426:
4397:
4368:
4359:
4300:
4295:
4265:
4260:
4251:
4107:Sfântu Gheorghe
4028:
4016:
3986:
3981:
3807:Lunca Mureșului
3633:
3585:
3576:
3540:
3535:
3529:
3527:
3493:
3482:
3461:
3456:
3449:
3445:
3433:
3429:
3415:
3411:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3388:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3369:
3367:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3343:
3341:
3331:
3327:
3317:
3315:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3282:
3275:
3259:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3219:
3215:
3205:
3203:
3193:
3189:
3182:
3157:
3153:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3125:
3123:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3099:
3097:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3075:
3071:
3055:
3048:
3033:
3029:
3019:
3015:
3007:
3003:
2995:László Bányai,
2994:
2990:
2982:
2978:
2971:
2963:. p. 256.
2961:Akadémiai Kiadó
2949:
2942:
2933:
2929:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2884:
2871:
2866:
2862:
2845:
2830:
2820:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2794:
2792:
2787:
2786:
2777:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2753:
2749:
2739:
2737:
2725:
2724:
2717:
2711:Wayback Machine
2702:
2698:
2687:
2680:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2657:
2653:
2652:
2645:
2634:
2630:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2599:
2597:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2572:
2569:
2560:
2557:
2548:
2545:
2536:
2533:
2524:
2521:
2512:
2509:
2500:
2497:
2488:
2485:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2462:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2444:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2426:
2417:
2193:
2188:
2175:
2162:
2149:
2136:
2123:
2110:
2097:
2084:
2071:
2066:Biograd na Moru
2058:
2045:
2032:
2019:
2006:
1995:
1989:
1970:
1946:Dan Eugen Demco
1931:Alexandru Borza
1900:
1861:Codex Burgundus
1849:Ignác Batthyány
1756:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1721:
1705:
1694:
1689:
1594:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1204:
1176:Gabriel Bethlen
1164:
1152:King of Romania
1121:
1114:
1111:
1102:
1099:
1090:
1087:
1021:Belgrad-ı Erdel
1015:equivalent was
1013:Ottoman Turkish
993:
935:
925:is the largest
904:Dacia Apulensis
874:
865:
854:
848:
845:
834:
822:
811:
771:Alba... Civitas
743:eccl. Micahelis
731:Albae Civitatis
582:, mentioned by
568:
538:Capital of the
489:emerged by the
485:from which the
412:
404:
403:
395:
377:
353:
262:
260:
245:
243:
239:
236:
231:
228:
226:
224:
223:
217:
216:
215:
214:
211:
210:
209:
208:
204:
183:
171:
170:
169:
168:
157:
156:
143:
142:
141:
140:
125:
124:
123:
122:
121:
118:
110:
109:
106:
97:
96:
95:
92:
84:
83:
80:
71:
70:
69:
64:
49:
40:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4506:
4496:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4408:
4406:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4379:
4377:
4370:
4369:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4320:Székesfehérvár
4317:
4311:
4309:
4302:
4301:
4294:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4271:
4262:
4261:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4232:Râmnicu Vâlcea
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4137:Miercurea Ciuc
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4015:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3992:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3887:Roșia de Secaș
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3857:Poiana Vadului
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3643:
3641:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3595:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3550:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3526:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3488:
3481:
3480:External links
3478:
3477:
3476:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3443:
3427:
3409:
3398:on 22 May 2011
3377:
3351:
3325:
3300:
3273:
3244:
3237:
3213:
3187:
3180:
3151:
3142:
3133:
3107:
3081:
3069:
3046:
3027:
3013:
3001:
2988:
2976:
2969:
2940:
2927:
2914:
2893:
2869:
2860:
2828:
2802:
2775:
2758:
2747:
2731:britannica.com
2715:
2696:
2678:
2643:
2628:
2607:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2527:
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2522:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2503:
2501:
2498:
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2489:
2486:
2479:
2475:
2472:
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2438:
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2420:
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2413:
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2330:
2327:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2173:
2160:
2157:Székesfehérvár
2147:
2134:
2121:
2108:
2095:
2082:
2069:
2056:
2043:
2030:
2017:
2003:
1997:Alba Iulia is
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1977:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1958:
1955:Ion Mărgineanu
1952:
1943:
1934:
1928:
1925:Rudolf Züllich
1922:
1913:
1907:
1899:
1896:
1758:
1757:
1708:
1706:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
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1647:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
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1395:
1390:
1385:
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1376:
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1365:
1360:
1355:
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1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1261:
1249:46.050; 23.550
1220:
1203:
1200:
1163:
1162:Jewish history
1160:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1081:
1017:Erdel Belgradı
992:
989:
934:
931:
873:
870:
867:
866:
825:
823:
816:
810:
807:
799:Gyula Fehérvár
795:Gyula Feyervár
755:castrum Albens
635:Constantinople
567:
564:
552:Ompolykisfalud
387:
386:
375:
371:
370:
360:
350:
349:
339:
333:
332:
329:
325:
324:
321:
317:
316:
312:
311:
308:
304:
303:
299:
298:
291:
287:
286:
282:
281:
276:
272:
271:
258:
254:
253:
219:
218:
212:
206:
205:
198:
197:
191:
190:
189:
188:
185:
184:
181:
173:
172:
164:
158:
152:
146:
145:
144:
138:
132:
131:
130:
127:
126:
119:
112:
111:
107:
100:
99:
98:
93:
86:
85:
81:
74:
73:
72:
65:
58:
57:
56:
55:
54:
51:
50:
45:
42:
41:
38:
31:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4505:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4412:Gyulafehérvár
4410:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4400:
4394:
4393:Gyulafehérvár
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4303:
4299:
4292:
4287:
4285:
4280:
4278:
4273:
4272:
4269:
4258:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
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4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
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4190:
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4185:
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4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
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4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4031:
4024:
4020:
4013:
4008:
4006:
4001:
3999:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3892:Roșia Montană
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
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3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3707:Ceru-Băcăinți
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3604:Baia de Arieș
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3583:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:(county seat)
3557:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3538:
3532:
3524:
3519:
3517:
3512:
3510:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3494:(in Romanian)
3492:
3489:
3487:
3486:Official site
3484:
3483:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3462:
3452:
3447:
3440:
3436:
3435:Gyulafehérvár
3431:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3417:Gyulafehérvár
3413:
3394:
3387:
3381:
3365:
3361:
3355:
3340:
3336:
3329:
3314:
3310:
3304:
3298:
3297:0-8147-9376-2
3294:
3290:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3269:
3265:
3258:
3251:
3249:
3240:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3225:
3217:
3202:
3198:
3191:
3183:
3177:
3173:
3168:
3167:
3161:
3160:Curta, Florin
3155:
3146:
3137:
3121:
3117:
3111:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3078:
3073:
3067:
3066:973-9203-56-6
3063:
3059:
3053:
3051:
3044:
3043:9783853730706
3040:
3036:
3031:
3024:
3023:
3017:
3010:
3005:
2998:
2992:
2985:
2980:
2972:
2970:963-05-2277-2
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2945:
2937:
2931:
2917:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2890:
2889:
2885:Adrian Room,
2882:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2864:
2857:
2853:
2852:9780670811496
2849:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2816:
2809:
2807:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2768:
2762:
2756:
2751:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2720:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2692:
2685:
2683:
2663:
2656:
2650:
2648:
2641:
2637:
2632:
2624:
2617:
2611:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2581:
2567:
2562:
2555:
2550:
2543:
2538:
2531:
2526:
2519:
2514:
2507:
2502:
2495:
2490:
2487:Unirii Museum
2483:
2478:
2477:
2474:Image gallery
2466:
2460:
2448:
2442:
2430:
2424:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2353:
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2346:
2342:
2339:
2336:
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2331:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2208:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1994:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1937:Ernest Krausz
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1888:Gábor Bethlen
1883:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1784:
1777:
1772:
1764:
1754:
1751:
1743:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1709:This section
1707:
1703:
1698:
1697:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1591:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1522:
1521:precipitation
1517:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1307:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1199:
1197:
1196:Ion Antonescu
1193:
1189:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1168:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1109:
1104:
1097:
1092:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1063:Alba Carolina
1059:
1057:
1056:Giorgio Basta
1053:
1049:
1045:
1042:, Voivode of
1041:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1009:Gábor Bethlen
1006:
1002:
998:
988:
986:
985:Ottoman Turks
982:
978:
973:
968:
965:
962:
958:
954:
953:
944:
939:
930:
928:
924:
920:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
892:
887:
878:
872:Ancient times
863:
860:
852:
842:
838:
832:
831:
826:This section
824:
820:
815:
814:
806:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
707:
705:
701:
696:
694:
693:Alba Carolina
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
653:
651:
647:
643:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
611:Gyulafehérvár
608:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
544:
542:
541:
535:
531:
527:
522:
520:
516:
513:and, in 1922
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
448:
443:
439:
438:Gyulafehérvár
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
407:
401:
393:
384:
376:
372:
368:
364:
361:
357:
351:
347:
343:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
313:
309:
305:
300:
296:
292:
288:
283:
280:
277:
273:
270:
259:
255:
250:
222:Coordinates:
220:
195:
186:
179:
174:
167:
162:
155:
150:
136:
128:
116:
104:
90:
78:
68:
62:
52:
48:
43:
36:
30:
19:
4411:
4392:
4177:Piatra Neamț
4036:
4019:County seats
3977:Vințu de Jos
3962:Vadu Moților
3802:Lopadea Nouă
3767:Gârda de Sus
3757:Galda de Jos
3554:
3553:
3465:
3446:
3438:
3430:
3420:
3412:
3400:. Retrieved
3393:the original
3380:
3368:. Retrieved
3363:
3354:
3342:. Retrieved
3328:
3316:. Retrieved
3312:
3303:
3284:
3267:
3263:
3223:
3216:
3204:. Retrieved
3201:academia.edu
3200:
3190:
3165:
3154:
3145:
3136:
3124:. Retrieved
3120:the original
3110:
3098:. Retrieved
3094:the original
3084:
3072:
3030:
3021:
3016:
3004:
2991:
2979:
2952:
2930:
2919:, retrieved
2905:
2896:
2886:
2863:
2855:
2819:. Retrieved
2793:. Retrieved
2789:"ALBA IULIA"
2761:
2750:
2738:. Retrieved
2730:
2727:"Alba Iulia"
2699:
2689:
2669:. Retrieved
2662:the original
2640:"Alba-Iulia"
2635:
2631:
2610:
2598:. Retrieved
2594:the original
2584:
2405:
2402:
2375:
2191:Demographics
2081:, Montenegro
1996:
1884:
1880:
1869:
1865:Biblia Sacra
1842:
1826:
1803:
1746:
1737:
1722:Please help
1710:
1523:mm (inches)
1211:
1205:
1185:
1173:
1145:
1122:
1062:
1060:
1037:
1020:
1016:
994:
977:John Hunyadi
969:
966:
950:
948:
907:
900:Roman Empire
889:
883:
855:
846:
835:Please help
830:verification
827:
802:
801:in 1690 and
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
708:
703:
697:
692:
688:
680:
664:
660:
654:
649:
645:
641:
639:
622:
618:
614:
610:
604:
595:
591:
579:
572:Roman period
569:
559:
555:
551:
550:), Micești (
547:
545:
537:
523:
473:. Since the
468:
464:Transylvania
429:
425:
391:
390:
154:Coat of arms
47:Municipality
29:
4172:Târgu Mureș
4097:Cluj-Napoca
3967:Valea Lungă
3742:Daia Română
3662:Avram Iancu
3652:Almașu Mare
3531:Alba County
2817:. CRW Flags
2795:26 December
2671:14 February
2392:, and 0.2%
2382:2011 census
2378:2021 census
2131:Nof HaGalil
2040:Alessandria
1961:Marius Moga
1920:Philhellene
1876:Queen Marie
1247: /
1058:'s agents.
933:Middle Ages
916:XIII Gemina
791:Weissenburg
709:The city's
661:Weyssenburg
570:During the
556:Alsóváradja
515:Queen Marie
452:Alba County
428:, formerly
244: /
4443:Alba Iulia
4437:Categories
4417:Nagyszeben
4212:Alexandria
4112:Târgoviște
4037:Alba Iulia
3922:Scărișoara
3787:Întregalde
3722:Ciuruleasa
3619:Ocna Mureș
3555:Alba Iulia
3474:0880334797
3370:18 October
3227:. Leiden:
2821:18 October
2390:Hungarians
2146:, Bulgaria
1991:See also:
1872:Constantin
1853:incunabula
1595:(≥ 0.1 mm)
1192:Iron Guard
1180:Ashkenazim
700:Ruthenians
691:was used.
689:Carlosburg
669:Charles VI
650:Alba Iulia
646:Alba Yulia
642:Alba Julia
554:), Oarda (
530:Hungarians
430:Weißenburg
392:Alba Iulia
315:Population
285:Government
232:23°34′12″E
207:Alba Iulia
39:Alba Iulia
4422:Kolozsvár
4315:Esztergom
4244:Bucharest
4217:Timișoara
4192:Satu Mare
4162:Baia Mare
4157:Bucharest
4132:Târgu Jiu
4102:Constanța
3912:Sântimbru
3677:Blandiana
3364:apulum.ro
3313:meteomanz
3287:, p. 25.
2577:Citations
2415:Panoramas
2159:, Hungary
2094:, Moldova
2068:, Croatia
2055:, Germany
1810:Habsburgs
1711:does not
1692:Landmarks
1146:In 1922,
1135:with the
1044:Wallachia
805:in 1715.
803:Karlsburg
797:in 1619,
789:in 1574,
785:in 1572,
781:in 1291,
779:Alba Jula
777:in 1245,
773:in 1242,
769:in 1231,
765:in 1219,
761:in 1213,
757:in 1206,
753:in 1201,
749:in 1200,
745:in 1199,
741:in 1177,
737:in 1153,
735:Belegrada
733:in 1134,
729:in 1071,
681:Karlsburg
665:Karlsburg
659:name was
607:Hungarian
526:Romanians
499:suffragan
434:Hungarian
426:Carlsburg
422:Karlsburg
414:‹See Tfd›
337:Time zone
166:Brandmark
4355:Budapest
4350:Debrecen
4335:Visegrád
4330:Temesvár
4187:Ploiești
4147:Slobozia
4092:Călărași
4067:Botoșani
4062:Bistrița
3917:Săsciori
3902:Săliștea
3827:Mirăslău
3797:Livezile
3657:Arieșeni
3639:Communes
3344:9 August
3291:, 2001,
3162:(2006).
3126:26 March
3100:25 March
2957:Budapest
2921:13 March
2707:Archived
2523:Gate III
2133:, Israel
2107:, Turkey
2092:Chișinău
2053:Arnsberg
2016:, Greece
1740:May 2013
1588:(22.56)
1519:Average
1052:Moldavia
972:Catholic
849:May 2013
787:Feyérvár
704:Bilhorod
631:baptized
627:Gyula II
295:USR PLUS
229:46°4′1″N
4345:Pozsony
4237:Focșani
4207:Suceava
4182:Slatina
4127:Giurgiu
4117:Craiova
4047:Pitești
4023:Romania
3932:Sohodol
3897:Sălciua
3882:Rimetea
3872:Rădești
3772:Hopârta
3762:Gârbova
3667:Berghin
3609:Câmpeni
3537:Romania
3402:8 April
3172:189-189
3025:, p.137
2856:Bălgrad
2740:22 June
2394:Germans
2388:, 1.9%
2185:, Italy
2183:Viadana
2172:, Italy
2120:, China
2118:Lanzhou
2079:Cetinje
2042:, Italy
2029:, Spain
1999:twinned
1898:Natives
1834:Romanic
1732:removed
1717:sources
1583:(1.19)
1578:(1.55)
1573:(1.37)
1568:(1.67)
1563:(1.96)
1558:(2.78)
1553:(4.18)
1548:(3.11)
1543:(1.48)
1538:(1.29)
1533:(0.98)
1528:(1.00)
1514:(44.0)
1509:(31.3)
1504:(36.9)
1499:(43.3)
1494:(53.2)
1489:(60.6)
1484:(60.6)
1479:(58.8)
1474:(50.9)
1469:(41.5)
1464:(34.5)
1459:(30.2)
1454:(25.7)
1444:(53.7)
1439:(36.3)
1434:(43.7)
1429:(54.1)
1424:(64.9)
1419:(73.4)
1414:(72.7)
1409:(70.0)
1404:(61.9)
1399:(53.2)
1394:(44.8)
1389:(38.1)
1384:(31.8)
1374:(63.5)
1369:(41.4)
1364:(50.7)
1359:(64.9)
1354:(76.8)
1349:(86.2)
1344:(84.9)
1339:(81.1)
1334:(72.7)
1329:(64.8)
1324:(55.0)
1319:(46.2)
1314:(37.8)
1235:23°33′E
1232:46°03′N
1214:in the
1202:Climate
1029:Belgrat
997:Partium
927:castrum
896:Ptolemy
809:History
783:Feyrvar
673:Yiddish
596:Bălgrad
592:Bălgrad
584:Ptolemy
580:Apoulon
548:Borbánd
456:Romania
381:.apulum
374:Website
269:Romania
257:Country
4227:Vaslui
4222:Tulcea
4122:Galați
4087:Reșița
4077:Brăila
4072:Brașov
4057:Oradea
3957:Unirea
3947:Stremț
3942:Șpring
3907:Sâncel
3867:Poșaga
3842:Ocoliș
3837:Noșlac
3822:Mihalț
3792:Jidvei
3747:Doștat
3732:Cricău
3717:Ciugud
3702:Cergău
3697:Cenade
3692:Câlnic
3687:Bucium
3672:Bistra
3629:Zlatna
3546:Cities
3472:
3318:7 July
3295:
3235:
3178:
3064:
3041:
2967:
2912:
2850:
2600:6 June
2511:Gate I
2386:Romani
2362:64,227
2351:63,536
2340:66,369
2332:+72.7%
2329:71,168
2321:+85.5%
2318:41,199
2310:+50.3%
2307:22,215
2296:14,776
2288:+17.4%
2285:14,420
2274:12,282
2263:11,616
2255:+40.9%
2252:11,507
2244:+11.3%
2233:+35.7%
2170:Varese
2144:Sliven
2001:with:
1822:Vauban
1635:137.8
1265:Month
1190:, the
1025:Erdély
923:Apulum
919:Legion
912:Apulum
908:Apulum
891:Apulon
886:Dacian
723:Apulum
698:Among
685:Ladino
677:Hebrew
657:German
621:, and
600:Slavic
588:Slavic
576:Apulum
560:Poklos
532:, and
471:Apulum
447:Apulum
418:German
323:64,227
275:County
266:
4388:Lippa
4202:Sibiu
4197:Zalău
4082:Buzău
4052:Bacău
3972:Vidra
3952:Șugag
3927:Șibot
3877:Râmeț
3862:Ponor
3852:Pianu
3847:Ohaba
3832:Mogoș
3817:Meteș
3812:Lupșa
3782:Ighiu
3777:Horea
3752:Fărău
3647:Albac
3624:Teiuș
3614:Cugir
3599:Abrud
3591:Towns
3572:Sebeș
3396:(PDF)
3389:(PDF)
3260:(PDF)
3206:3 May
2770:(PDF)
2665:(PDF)
2658:(PDF)
2619:(XLS)
2365:+1.1%
2359:2021
2354:−4.3%
2348:2011
2343:−6.7%
2337:2002
2326:1992
2315:1977
2304:1966
2299:+2.5%
2293:1956
2282:1948
2277:+5.7%
2271:1930
2266:+0.9%
2260:1912
2249:1900
2241:8,167
2238:1890
2230:7,338
2227:1880
2219:5,408
2216:1850
2105:Düzce
2014:Aigio
1679:15.6
1632:11.9
1629:12.9
1617:11.3
1614:13.6
1611:15.8
1608:10.4
1602:11.4
1599:12.7
1586:572.9
1551:106.1
1304:Year
961:Geula
711:Latin
623:Iulia
619:white
609:name
566:Names
460:Mureș
442:Latin
363:UTC+3
342:UTC+2
4383:Buda
4340:Bécs
4325:Buda
4152:Iași
4142:Deva
4042:Arad
3937:Șona
3567:Blaj
3562:Aiud
3470:ISBN
3404:2019
3372:2022
3346:2014
3339:YIVO
3320:2024
3293:ISBN
3233:ISBN
3208:2024
3176:ISBN
3128:2020
3102:2013
3062:ISBN
3039:ISBN
2965:ISBN
2923:2024
2910:ISBN
2848:ISBN
2823:2013
2797:2012
2742:2022
2673:2012
2602:2021
2205:Pop.
2201:Year
1890:and
1843:The
1786:The
1774:The
1715:any
1713:cite
1676:3.2
1673:1.2
1652:0.6
1649:2.1
1646:2.3
1643:6.2
1626:9.2
1623:9.2
1620:8.4
1581:30.1
1576:39.3
1571:34.7
1566:42.5
1561:49.9
1556:70.7
1546:79.0
1541:37.5
1536:32.7
1531:25.0
1526:25.4
1507:−0.4
1492:11.8
1487:15.9
1482:15.9
1477:14.9
1472:10.5
1457:−1.0
1452:−3.5
1442:12.1
1427:12.3
1422:18.3
1417:23.0
1412:22.6
1407:21.1
1402:16.6
1397:11.8
1382:−0.1
1372:17.5
1362:10.4
1357:18.3
1352:24.9
1347:30.1
1342:29.4
1337:27.3
1332:22.6
1327:18.2
1322:12.8
1301:Dec
1298:Nov
1295:Oct
1292:Sep
1289:Aug
1286:Jul
1283:Jun
1280:May
1277:Apr
1274:Mar
1271:Feb
1268:Jan
1258:masl
1031:and
949:The
719:Alba
675:and
615:Alba
605:The
367:EEST
302:Area
279:Alba
139:Flag
4021:of
3737:Cut
2400:).
1726:by
1605:11
1512:6.7
1502:2.7
1497:6.3
1467:5.3
1462:1.4
1437:2.4
1432:6.5
1392:7.1
1387:3.4
1367:5.2
1317:7.9
1312:3.2
1260:.)
1218:).
1212:Dfa
1019:or
839:by
644:or
633:in
562:).
503:Vad
501:to
424:or
383:.ro
379:www
356:DST
346:EET
4439::
3534:,
3437:.
3419:.
3362:.
3337:.
3311:.
3276:^
3268:57
3266:.
3262:.
3247:^
3199:.
3174:.
3049:^
2959::
2955:.
2943:^
2904:,
2872:^
2831:^
2805:^
2778:^
2733:.
2729:.
2718:^
2681:^
2646:^
2621:.
2210:±%
1670:0
1667:0
1664:0
1661:0
1658:0
1655:0
979:,
921:.
910:.
687:,
679:,
637:.
602:.
543:.
528:,
521:.
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440:;
436::
432:;
420::
411:;
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3515:t
3508:v
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3374:.
3348:.
3322:.
3241:.
3210:.
3184:.
3130:.
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2825:.
2799:.
2772:.
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1734:.
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