1124:
198:
187:
176:
112:
164:
153:
144:
133:
829:
97:
37:
988:. Louis appointed Turenne commander in Alsace and ordered him to prevent the Imperials breaking into Eastern France, or linking up with the Dutch. Since he could not expect reinforcements, the longer Turenne delayed the worse his position became, and so he decided to take the offensive. He was helped in this since French armies of the period held significant advantages over their opponents; undivided command, talented generals, and vastly superior logistics. Reforms introduced by
1148:
206:
1120:, a future Marshall of France. After the first assault was repulsed, they tried again, supported by four battalions from the second line, including the one commanded by Churchill. Holstein-Ploen responded by sending reinforcements from the reserve behind the wood, while heavy rain and mud impeded the French artillery as it tried to move forward; after two hours of back and forth combat, the French pulled back with heavy losses.
1139:
them with his artillery. By now, it was getting dark, and both sides were exhausted; having lost between 3,000 - 4,000 men, Bournonville ordered a retreat. The French had been marching or fighting for 40 hours non-stop, and their losses were about the same; aware they were incapable of making another attack, Turenne withdrew, leaving a small force of cavalry behind so that he could claim victory.
878:
836:
892:
864:
850:
906:
1167:, reduced its numbers from a nominal 4,000 to less than 1,400. Churchill and other senior officers left for England, and in May 1675, Parliament ordered any men still in France to return home. The exception was Hamilton's regiment, which was primarily composed of Irish Catholics like himself and remained in French service throughout the war. His officers included
1047:
1058:, and 50 guns. Despite this, he decided to fight a defensive battle since Turenne had to attack immediately, or risk being caught between the Imperialists and Fredrick William, while rain and mist meant conditions favoured the defenders. Most of his infantry was in the centre, anchored on Entzheim, supported by cavalry under
1135:
repulsed by
Holstein-Ploen. Simultaneously, the heavily-armed cuirassiers over-ran the French left, and the battle hung in the balance; however, the wet ground blunted the Austrian charge, and they quickly lost formation, allowing de Lorges to rally his troops, and force them back to the starting line.
1138:
Meanwhile, a third assault by the rest of
Hamilton's British brigade, plus those of Puisieux and RĂ©veillon, finally captured the Little Wood, threatening the Imperial left. After an unsuccessful attack by Vaubrun on the troops entrenched around Entzheim, Turenne ended the assaults, instead bombarding
1186:
The campaign that started in June 1674 and ended with his death in July 1675 has been described as 'Turenne's most brilliant campaign.' Significantly outnumbered, he used stealth and boldness to fight the
Imperial army to a standstill at Entzheim; with his enemy now inactive, he was able to plan the
1134:
Of the two
English units involved, one lost 11 of 22 officers, the other all its officers and over half their men; Churchill later criticised Turenne's deployment. Rather than another frontal attack, Vaubrun's cavalry tried to move around the Little Wood and take the defenders in the rear, but were
1159:
Bournonville entered winter quarters near Colmar, but
Turenne did not pursue him; his own losses were around 3,500 men, many incurred by the British brigade, which was disbanded. He took his army north to Dettwiller between Saverne and Haguenau, where his exhausted troops could rest and refit. One
777:
In this campaign, Turenne compensated for being outnumbered by his aggression and vastly superior logistics, which allowed him to move fast and keep his opponents off balance. Despite a strong defensive position and vastly superior numbers, Bournonville decided to retreat after a series of French
1073:
under
Caprara, with the German states units commanded by the Prince de Holstein-Ploen on the left. The 'Little Wood' was key to the Imperial position, since it had to be taken in order to attack Entzheim; aware of this, Holstein-Ploen placed eight guns and six battalions of infantry in the wood
781:
Although
Turenne incurred losses that were significantly higher as a percentage of his army, he prevented Bournonville invading Eastern France and the battle is generally regarded as inconclusive. However, the French established a psychological advantage, setting the scene for
936:
in May 1672, French troops quickly over-ran much of the
Republic, but by July the Dutch position had stabilised. In addition, the unexpected success of his offensive encouraged Louis to make excessive demands, while concern at French gains brought the Dutch support from
1062:. On the right, his troops were hidden from view by meadows and vineyards, leading into the Foret de Bruche. His left was protected by a ditch, running from the village to the 'Little Wood', slightly in front of his position
1093:. His artillery was placed in front of the infantry, in four batteries of eight guns. The second line and reserve included four English regiments, known as the British Brigade, commanded by Irish Catholic
456:
965:. Now facing war on multiple fronts, Louis relinquished most of his earlier gains to consolidate his position along the French border with the Spanish Netherlands and in the
680:
319:
806:
as essential for their security and trade, making it a contested area throughout the 17th century. Large parts of it were occupied by French troops in the 1667 to 1668
685:
1160:
modern commentator suggests
Entzheim was a tactical draw, but strategic French victory, since the Imperials had been prevented from breaking into Eastern France.
623:
446:
379:
606:
601:
272:
730:
324:
1128:
1006:, although he was unable to prevent him linking up with Bournonville. In August 1674, the French and Dutch fought an inconclusive but bloody battle at
954:
763:
137:
1038:, and arrived at Entzheim early on the morning of 4 October. The speed of his movement took Bournonville by surprise and cut him off from Strasbourg.
822:. After this, Louis decided the best way to force the Dutch to agree territorial concessions in the Spanish Netherlands was by first defeating them.
992:
1973:
1754:
436:
984:. The allies agreed to focus on expelling France from its remaining positions in the Netherlands, while an Imperial army opened a second front in
1123:
1919:
919:
265:
1027:
828:
1098:
665:
1963:
1907:
1710:
364:
258:
1168:
1094:
168:
1030:, which would give him a combined force large enough to overwhelm the French. On the night of 2-3 October, Turenne left
1832:
1792:
1773:
1691:
1651:
1968:
1155:, similar to those present at Entzheim; while heavily armoured, they were extremely expensive and relatively immobile
767:
1014:. In early September, 40,000 Imperial troops under Bournonville and Caprara entered Alsace by crossing the Rhine at
1195:
1082:
819:
157:
502:
1081:
in the centre, and cavalry on the wings, the right commanded by the
Marquis de Vaubrun, the left by his nephew,
1730:
942:
638:
977:
783:
628:
441:
389:
314:
725:
1117:
1090:
1059:
618:
209:
579:
1978:
771:
359:
329:
180:
431:
1983:
1176:
700:
584:
411:
309:
1844:
French Diplomacy during the War of Devolution, the Triple Alliance and the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
1101:. Although England had left the war, they had been encouraged to remain in French service to ensure
451:
1581:
1958:
650:
374:
369:
339:
299:
1106:
675:
534:
524:
478:
1881:
Histoire de Louvois et de son administration politique et militaire jusqu'à la paix de Nimègue
1703:
Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1494-2007
1164:
1102:
981:
958:
660:
384:
354:
1112:
Around 10:00 am, the French attacked the Little Wood with eight battalions of infantry, and
995:, meant they could mobilise quicker than their adversaries, and remain in the field longer.
1802:
1662:
962:
715:
633:
564:
554:
517:
344:
1879:
1089:
of his infantry regiments in the gaps between his cavalry squadrons, a tactic copied from
1069:
The cavalry was split evenly between the two wings; the right included the elite Imperial
473:
8:
1188:
1054:
Bournonville significantly outnumbered his opponent, with 35,000 men, half of which were
946:
938:
811:
803:
690:
569:
559:
529:
461:
426:
416:
334:
1732:
Histoire Des Quatre Dernieres Campagnes Du Maréchal de Turenne en 1672, 1673, 1674, 1675
1748:
1630:
999:
973:
589:
539:
507:
421:
401:
705:
1903:
1866:
1862:
1828:
1788:
1769:
1706:
1687:
1679:
1647:
1019:
1007:
1003:
807:
795:
710:
695:
655:
574:
349:
304:
197:
191:
186:
175:
163:
152:
143:
132:
117:
102:
549:
1889:
Sévigné, Marie Rabutin-Chantal de (1822). De St-Germain, Pierre Marie Gault (ed.).
1720:
De Sévigné, Marie Rabutin-Chantal (1822). De St-Germain, Pierre Marie Gault (ed.).
1194:
The village of Entzheim still exists, but most of the battlefield now lies beneath
1180:
989:
933:
747:
282:
28:
720:
1891:
Letters of Madame De Sévigné, Volume III; to the Count de Bussy, 5 September 1674
1852:
1763:
1722:
Letters of Madame De Sévigné, Volume III; to the Count de Bussy, 5 September 1674
670:
512:
1163:
British losses at Entzheim, combined with restrictions imposed on recruiting by
1612:
1035:
815:
799:
544:
490:
1952:
1934:
1921:
1870:
1086:
36:
923:
The 1674 campaign in Alsace; the modern French-German border runs along the
1807:
The History Men: The Historical Profession in England since the Renaissance
1586:
1634:
1147:
1617:
1172:
1152:
1070:
1015:
755:
966:
950:
1644:
Beyond the Military Revolution: War in the Seventeenth Century World
1113:
1078:
1031:
1023:
1011:
751:
250:
205:
62:
16:
Battle on 4 October 1674 near Entzheim during the Franco-Dutch War
1765:
Marlborough: Britain's Greatest General: England's Fragile Genius
1055:
998:
This meant Turenne could attack his opponents one by one, and at
1187:
winter movement that would culminate in decisive victory at the
1002:
on 16 June, he inflicted heavy casualties on a detachment under
985:
759:
65:
1861:] (in French). Vol. V: Louis XIV 1672 Ă 1700. Paris:
1355:
924:
1306:
1304:
976:
joined the anti-French coalition, followed by the February
1468:
1466:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1074:
itself, with another eight in reserve immediately behind.
1046:
1562:
1301:
1439:
1618:"Charles II's regiments in France, 1672–1678: Part III"
1550:
1526:
1463:
1415:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1235:
41:
Battle of Enzheim (Martinet ill.; E. Ruhierre graveur.)
1427:
1403:
1391:
1343:
1257:
1255:
746:
took place on 4 October 1674, during the 1672 to 1678
1538:
1514:
1478:
1451:
1379:
1291:
1289:
1287:
786:, often viewed as his greatest military achievement.
1502:
1490:
1316:
1267:
1105:
would still be paid for them, as agreed in the 1670
961:
who outmanoeuvred his opponent and helped the Dutch
1623:
Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research
1367:
1252:
108:
1884:(in French). Vol. 2. Paris: Didier & Cie.
1616:
1284:
1950:
1785:Charles II King of England, Scotland and Ireland
1664:Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618-1905)
266:
1753:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1813:
1729:Grimoard, Philippe-Henri, comte de (1782).
1361:
1310:
1719:
1700:
1246:
273:
259:
1841:
1445:
1337:
1099:John Churchill, later Duke of Marlborough
1028:Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg
949:. In August 1673, the French army in the
1728:
1678:
1611:
1568:
1556:
1472:
1397:
1146:
1122:
1077:Turenne formed his army into two lines,
1045:
93:
1974:Battles involving the Holy Roman Empire
1902:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC CLIO.
1888:
1877:
1686:(2nd, illustrated ed.). Batsford.
1457:
1433:
1951:
1897:
1850:
1801:
1782:
1761:
1660:
1544:
1532:
1520:
1508:
1496:
1484:
1421:
1385:
1325:
1278:
1261:
1026:to await another 20,000 troops led by
1641:
1574:
1409:
254:
1822:
1705:(3rd ed.). McFarland & Co.
1373:
1349:
1295:
280:
957:was faced by Imperial forces under
13:
1175:commander during the 1689 to 1691
1097:; one of its regiments was led by
877:
835:
14:
1995:
1851:PĂ©rini, Edouard HardĂż de (1894).
1842:Macintosh, Claude Truman (1973).
1684:Marlborough as Military Commander
750:. It was fought near the town of
1825:The Wars of Louis XIV, 1667–1714
1196:Strasbourg International Airport
1083:Guy Aldonce de Durfort de Lorges
904:
891:
890:
876:
863:
862:
849:
848:
834:
827:
204:
196:
185:
174:
162:
151:
142:
131:
110:
95:
35:
1900:A Global Chronology of Conflict
1208:
905:
762:, between a French army under
238:2,500–3,500 killed or wounded
77:
1:
1964:Military history of Grand Est
1846:(PhD). Ohio State University.
1228:
789:
497:North Germany and Scandinavia
295:Low Countries and Lower Rhine
1814:Longueville, Thomas (1907).
1809:. Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
1701:Clodfelter, Micheal (2008).
1613:Atkinson, Christopher Thomas
1201:
1142:
814:was obliged to return it to
661:First and Second Schooneveld
7:
1898:Tucker, Spencer C. (2010).
1118:Louis Francois de Boufflers
619:Dutch Raid on North America
10:
2000:
1827:. Addison Wesley Longman.
1605:
1022:. Bournonville moved onto
772:Alexander von Bournonville
1878:Rousset, Camille (1865).
1863:Ernest Flammarion Ă©diteur
1735:. De Baurain. p. 129
1177:Williamite War in Ireland
1041:
820:Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
784:Turenne's Winter Campaign
292:
232:
215:
124:
87:
45:
34:
26:
21:
1969:Battles involving France
1762:Holmes, Richard (2008).
1783:Hutton, Ronald (1989).
1661:Bodart, Gaston (1908).
651:Action of 12 March 1672
243:4,000 killed or wounded
1823:Lynn, John A. (1999).
1646:. Palgrave Macmillan.
1642:Black, Jeremy (2011).
1156:
1131:
1107:Secret Treaty of Dover
1051:
125:Commanders and leaders
1803:Kenyon, John Philipps
1150:
1126:
1049:
982:Third Anglo-Dutch War
978:Treaty of Westminster
959:Raimondo Montecuccoli
932:At the outset of the
233:Casualties and losses
1854:Batailles françaises
1582:"Strasbourg airport"
1179:, who was killed at
920:class=notpageimage|
565:Conquest of Jemtland
1931: /
1787:. Clarendon Press.
1352:, pp. 109–110.
1189:Battle of Turckheim
1087:grenadier companies
1085:. He stationed the
1060:Charles of Lorraine
1018:, then part of the
947:Charles II of Spain
939:Brandenburg-Prussia
812:Louis XIV of France
804:Spanish Netherlands
202:Prince de Holstein
148:Marquis de Vaubrun
1935:48.5353°N 7.6381°E
1818:. Longmans, Green.
1364:, p. 321-326.
1157:
1132:
1129:Vicomte de Turenne
1127:French commander,
1052:
980:, which ended the
744:Battle of Entzheim
590:Great Sleigh Drive
226:35,000–38,000 men
22:Battle of Entzheim
1979:Conflicts in 1674
1909:978-1-85109-667-1
1712:978-0-7864-3319-3
1680:Chandler, David G
1571:, pp. 63–64.
1535:, pp. 80–81.
1424:, pp. 71–74.
1412:, pp. 97–99.
1169:Patrick Sarsfield
1091:Gustavus Adolphus
1020:Holy Roman Empire
1004:Aeneas de Caprara
972:In January 1674,
808:War of Devolution
739:
738:
249:
248:
118:Holy Roman Empire
83:
82:
1991:
1984:Franco-Dutch War
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1924:
1913:
1894:
1885:
1874:
1847:
1838:
1819:
1810:
1798:
1779:
1768:. Harper Press.
1758:
1752:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1725:
1716:
1697:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1657:
1638:
1629:(100): 161–172.
1620:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1578:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1362:Longueville 1907
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1314:
1311:Longueville 1907
1308:
1299:
1293:
1282:
1276:
1265:
1259:
1250:
1244:
1222:
1212:
990:Secretary of War
934:Franco-Dutch War
908:
907:
894:
893:
880:
879:
866:
865:
852:
851:
838:
837:
831:
748:Franco-Dutch War
287:
285:
284:Franco-Dutch War
275:
268:
261:
252:
251:
210:Duke of Lorraine
208:
201:
200:
190:
189:
179:
178:
167:
166:
156:
155:
147:
146:
136:
135:
120:
116:
114:
113:
105:
101:
99:
98:
47:
46:
39:
29:Franco-Dutch War
19:
18:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1949:
1948:
1940:48.5353; 7.6381
1939:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1910:
1835:
1816:Marshal Turenne
1795:
1776:
1746:
1745:
1738:
1736:
1713:
1694:
1669:
1667:
1654:
1608:
1603:
1602:
1592:
1590:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1567:
1563:
1555:
1551:
1543:
1539:
1531:
1527:
1519:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1495:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1464:
1456:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1432:
1428:
1420:
1416:
1408:
1404:
1396:
1392:
1384:
1380:
1372:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1348:
1344:
1336:
1332:
1324:
1317:
1309:
1302:
1294:
1285:
1277:
1268:
1260:
1253:
1247:Clodfelter 2008
1245:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1225:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1145:
1095:George Hamilton
1044:
943:Emperor Leopold
930:
929:
928:
922:
916:
915:
914:
913:
909:
901:
900:
899:
895:
887:
886:
885:
881:
873:
872:
871:
867:
859:
858:
857:
853:
845:
844:
843:
839:
792:
740:
735:
288:
283:
281:
279:
244:
242:
227:
222:
203:
195:
194:
184:
183:
173:
169:George Hamilton
161:
160:
150:
149:
141:
140:
130:
111:
109:
96:
94:
68:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1997:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1959:1674 in Europe
1915:
1914:
1908:
1895:
1886:
1875:
1859:French Battles
1848:
1839:
1834:978-0582056299
1833:
1820:
1811:
1799:
1794:978-0198229117
1793:
1780:
1775:978-0007225712
1774:
1759:
1726:
1717:
1711:
1698:
1693:978-0713420753
1692:
1676:
1658:
1653:978-0230251564
1652:
1639:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1573:
1561:
1559:, p. 162.
1549:
1547:, p. 122.
1537:
1525:
1523:, p. 115.
1513:
1501:
1489:
1487:, p. 114.
1477:
1475:, p. 129.
1462:
1450:
1448:, p. 170.
1446:Macintosh 1973
1438:
1436:, p. 353.
1426:
1414:
1402:
1390:
1388:, p. 317.
1378:
1376:, p. 125.
1366:
1354:
1342:
1340:, p. 165.
1338:Macintosh 1973
1330:
1328:, p. 123.
1315:
1313:, p. 355.
1300:
1298:, p. 132.
1283:
1281:, p. 651.
1266:
1251:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1214:Also known as
1206:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1144:
1141:
1043:
1040:
1034:, crossed the
918:
917:
911:
910:
903:
902:
897:
896:
889:
888:
883:
882:
875:
874:
869:
868:
861:
860:
855:
854:
847:
846:
841:
840:
833:
832:
826:
825:
824:
800:Dutch Republic
791:
788:
768:Imperial force
737:
736:
734:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
642:
641:
636:
631:
629:New Netherland
626:
621:
610:
609:
604:
593:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
521:
520:
515:
510:
494:
493:
485:Southern Italy
482:
481:
476:
465:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
393:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
360:2nd Maastricht
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
330:1st Maastricht
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
293:
290:
289:
278:
277:
270:
263:
255:
247:
246:
239:
235:
234:
230:
229:
224:
218:
217:
213:
212:
171:
127:
126:
122:
121:
106:
90:
89:
85:
84:
81:
80:
74:
70:
69:
61:
59:
55:
54:
53:4 October 1674
51:
43:
42:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1996:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1911:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1786:
1781:
1777:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1760:
1756:
1750:
1734:
1733:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1666:
1665:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1609:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1577:
1570:
1569:Chandler 1979
1565:
1558:
1557:Atkinson 1946
1553:
1546:
1541:
1534:
1529:
1522:
1517:
1511:, p. 83.
1510:
1505:
1499:, p. 80.
1498:
1493:
1486:
1481:
1474:
1473:Grimoard 1782
1469:
1467:
1460:, p. 86.
1459:
1454:
1447:
1442:
1435:
1430:
1423:
1418:
1411:
1406:
1400:, p. 40.
1399:
1398:Chandler 1979
1394:
1387:
1382:
1375:
1370:
1363:
1358:
1351:
1346:
1339:
1334:
1327:
1322:
1320:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1264:, p. 95.
1263:
1258:
1256:
1249:, p. 46.
1248:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1154:
1149:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1072:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1048:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
996:
994:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
970:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
935:
926:
921:
830:
823:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
787:
785:
779:
775:
773:
770:commanded by
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
648:
647:
646:
645:Naval battles
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
616:
615:
614:
608:
605:
603:
600:
599:
598:
597:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
535:Christianstad
533:
531:
528:
526:
525:Bremen-Verden
523:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
505:
504:
501:
500:
499:
498:
492:
489:
488:
487:
486:
480:
477:
475:
472:
471:
470:
469:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
432:Konzer BrĂĽcke
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
399:
398:
397:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
297:
296:
291:
286:
276:
271:
269:
264:
262:
257:
256:
253:
240:
237:
236:
231:
225:
220:
219:
214:
211:
207:
199:
193:
188:
182:
177:
172:
170:
165:
159:
154:
145:
139:
134:
129:
128:
123:
119:
107:
104:
92:
91:
86:
79:
75:
72:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57:
56:
52:
49:
48:
44:
38:
33:
30:
25:
20:
1916:
1899:
1890:
1880:
1858:
1853:
1843:
1824:
1815:
1806:
1784:
1764:
1737:. Retrieved
1731:
1721:
1702:
1683:
1668:. Retrieved
1663:
1643:
1626:
1622:
1591:. Retrieved
1585:
1576:
1564:
1552:
1540:
1528:
1516:
1504:
1492:
1480:
1458:Rousset 1865
1453:
1441:
1434:Sévigné 1822
1429:
1417:
1405:
1393:
1381:
1369:
1357:
1345:
1333:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1193:
1185:
1162:
1158:
1137:
1133:
1111:
1109:with Louis.
1076:
1068:
1063:
1053:
1036:Bruche River
997:
971:
963:capture Bonn
931:
818:in the 1668
793:
780:
776:
743:
741:
676:Masulipatnam
644:
643:
612:
611:
595:
594:
496:
495:
484:
483:
467:
466:
442:Philippsburg
406:
395:
394:
365:Valenciennes
294:
181:Bournonville
88:Belligerents
1938: /
1587:Google Maps
1545:PĂ©rini 1894
1533:Holmes 2008
1521:PĂ©rini 1894
1509:Kenyon 1986
1497:Holmes 2008
1485:PĂ©rini 1894
1422:PĂ©rini 1894
1386:Hutton 1989
1326:PĂ©rini 1894
1279:Tucker 2010
1262:Bodart 1908
1171:, a senior
1153:Cuirassiers
1071:Cuirassiers
802:viewed the
754:, south of
686:2nd Messina
666:James River
624:1st Curaçao
503:Brandenburg
491:1st Messina
479:Noirmoutier
457:Rheinfelden
447:Kochersberg
396:Upper Rhine
390:Saint-Denis
221:22,000 men
1953:Categories
1923:48°32′07″N
1410:Black 2011
1229:References
1165:Parliament
1103:Charles II
1050:Battle map
1016:Strasbourg
884:Dettwiller
842:Strasbourg
790:Background
778:assaults.
756:Strasbourg
639:Martinique
607:Espouilles
602:Maureillas
555:Landskrona
518:Fehrbellin
315:Aardenburg
241:3,000 dead
192:de Caprara
1926:7°38′17″E
1871:461402333
1749:cite book
1374:Lynn 1999
1350:Lynn 1999
1296:Lynn 1999
1202:Footnotes
1183:in 1693.
1151:Austrian
1143:Aftermath
1064:(see Map)
967:Rhineland
951:Rhineland
810:, before
766:, and an
691:Stromboli
585:Stralsund
570:Uddevalla
560:Marstrand
462:Ortenbach
427:Altenheim
417:Turckheim
335:Staphorst
320:Coevorden
310:Groningen
245:8–10 guns
158:de Lorges
78:Aftermath
1805:(1986).
1682:(1979).
1635:44228420
1615:(1946).
1173:Jacobite
1114:dragoons
1079:infantry
1032:Molsheim
1024:Entzheim
1012:Flanders
1000:Sinsheim
898:Haguenau
870:Molsheim
856:Entzheim
798:and the
752:Entzheim
726:Køge Bay
701:Bornholm
613:Americas
596:Pyrenees
540:Halmstad
508:Rathenow
474:Besançon
452:Freiburg
422:Salzbach
412:Mulhouse
407:Entzheim
402:Sinsheim
216:Strength
63:Entzheim
58:Location
27:Part of
1739:30 June
1670:25 June
1606:Sources
1593:20 June
1584:(Map).
1220:Ensheim
1216:Enzheim
1056:cavalry
1008:Seneffe
993:Louvois
974:Denmark
955:Turenne
927:(right)
764:Turenne
731:Wissant
711:Palermo
696:Augusta
656:Solebay
575:Warksow
530:Gotland
375:Cambrai
350:Seneffe
340:Naarden
325:Woerden
305:Tolhuis
300:Groenlo
228:50 guns
223:30 guns
138:Turenne
1906:
1869:
1831:
1791:
1772:
1709:
1690:
1650:
1633:
1181:Landen
1116:under
1042:Battle
986:Alsace
953:under
945:, and
912:Colmar
796:France
760:Alsace
716:Tobago
681:Málaga
634:Acadia
468:France
370:Cassel
115:
103:France
100:
73:Result
66:France
1857:[
1631:JSTOR
1218:, or
925:Rhine
816:Spain
794:Both
706:Ă–land
671:Texel
580:RĂĽgen
550:Malmö
513:Nauen
437:Trier
385:Ypres
380:Ghent
355:Grave
1904:ISBN
1867:OCLC
1829:ISBN
1789:ISBN
1770:ISBN
1755:link
1741:2020
1707:ISBN
1688:ISBN
1672:2022
1648:ISBN
1595:2020
742:The
545:Lund
345:Bonn
76:See
50:Date
1010:in
758:in
721:Møn
1955::
1865:.
1751:}}
1747:{{
1627:24
1625:.
1621:.
1465:^
1318:^
1303:^
1286:^
1269:^
1254:^
1237:^
1198:.
1191:.
1066:.
969:.
941:,
774:.
1912:.
1893:.
1873:.
1837:.
1797:.
1778:.
1757:)
1743:.
1724:.
1715:.
1696:.
1674:.
1656:.
1637:.
1597:.
274:e
267:t
260:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
