264:. It is, however, difficult to say how accurate these figures are as the size of the Novgorodian army at this time are almost impossible to determine, and the number seems quite high given that the city of Novgorod itself probably had a population of only about 40,000 people, although the army could have been drawn from the rural population as well. That being said, the numbers may have been inflated to add to the Grand Prince's prestige and cast Novgorod in an even worse light.
206:. In particular, the treaty limited Novgorod's ability to conduct its own foreign affairs and gave the Grand Prince of Moscow more control over the city (he controlled the city's seals and became the court of higher instance for the Novgorodian courts). When the Novgorodians turned to Poland–Lithuania for help in limiting Moscow's growing power, Ivan III and the metropolitan accused them not only of political treachery, but of attempting to abandon
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date these confiscations to 1478), thus weakening the independence of the
Novgorodian church. He also returned to the city several times in the 1470s and arrested important boyars or entire boyar clans. However, he only took direct control of the city-state in January 1478 after further strained relations with Archbishop Feofil and Novgorodian boyars led him to send his armies against the city in the winter of 1477–1478.
260:, ordered his cavalry to not attack the Muscovites, but only the Pskovian forces, thus limiting their room to maneuver. The Battle of Shelon lasted for two hours and ended with Novgorod's defeat. According to Muscovite sources, more than 12,000 Novgorodians were killed during the battle and the subsequent pursuit. Some 2,000 men were taken
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to Moscow. In the longer term, the defeat at Shelon severely weakened the
Novgorodian Republic. According to some sources, Ivan III confiscated significant amounts of land from the archiepiscopal administration and several of the largest monasteries immediately after the battle (although most sources
246:, possibly, near the village of Skirino. The location indicates that the Muscovite army was advancing on Novgorod along the western shore of the lake to come up on the city from the southwest. After an accidental encounter of the Muscovite forces (around 5,000 men) under the command of Prince
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The clash between the
Muscovy and the Novgorod Republic was a continuation of the conflict between them going back into the late 14th century. This particular episode was caused by Novgorod's violation of the
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226:(r. 1440–1492), said to have been found in a cache of documents after the battle of Shelon, made it clear that the Lithuanian Grand Prince was not to interfere with the election of the
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with the army of
Novgorod (20,000 to 40,000 men), the badly organized army of Novgorod was not able to withstand the pressure of the princely forces. Indeed, the
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The battle took place in the morning of 14 July on the left bank of the Shelon River, which flows into Lake Ilmen southwest of
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On 24 July Ivan III executed the
Novgorodian commander, Dmitry Isaakovich Boretsky, one of the Boretsky clan which, led by
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Michael C. Paul, "Secular Power and the
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or the
Orthodox faith in the city (by building Catholic churches in the city for example.)
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Shelonskaia operatsiia Ioanna III Vasilevich i
Shelonskaia bitva v 1471 godu 14 iuliia
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unconditional surrender of the city. Novgorod was absorbed by
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on 14 July 1471. Novgorod suffered a major defeat and ended with the
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Kritika: Explorations in
Russian and Eurasian History
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163:) was a decisive battle between the forces of the
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435:Battles involving the Principality of Moscow
420:15th century in the Principality of Moscow
340:(Moscow, 1960), Book 3, vol. 5, pp. 17-23.
214:. A draft treaty between Novgorod and the
16:Battle between Moscow and Novgorod in 1471
202:and the Novgorodian delegation headed by
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336:(Petrograd, 1915); Sergei M. Soloviev,
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338:Istoriia Rossii s drevneishikh vremeni
27:Part of the Muscovite-Novgorodian wars
363:A Russian description of the battle
198:(1456) signed between Grand Prince
171:(r. 1462–1505) and the army of the
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165:Grand Principality of Moscow
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256:reports that Feofil,
196:Treaty of Yazhelbitsy
120:Casualties and losses
224:Casimir IV Jagiellon
204:Archbishop Evfimy II
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210:and go over to the
430:Conflicts in 1471
386:58.200°N 30.767°E
208:Eastern Orthodoxy
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278:opposition
189:Background
112:ca. 30,000
268:Aftermath
262:prisoners
200:Vasily II
154:romanized
141:‹See Tfd›
64:Muscovite
240:Novgorod
182:de facto
169:Ivan III
107:Strength
44:Location
377:30°46′E
374:58°12′N
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128:unknown
66:victory
244:Soltsy
234:Battle
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60:Result
53:Russia
115:5,000
218:and
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