213:
175:
164:
122:
194:
141:
98:
1226:
1140:
1079:
37:
152:
203:
109:
1276:
voted to rebuke the Army of the
Eastern Pyrenees because it was the only army that failed to win victories over France's enemies. This was ironic because it was the National Convention's own representatives-on-mission which had interfered so badly with the army's operations. D'Aoust hoped that his 18
1208:
led their troops through the gorge of the redoubt, and it was captured. Lannes' men seized the main redoubt after the other field fortifications were taken. The entire
Villelongue camp was overrun and, as Phipps wrote, "the Portuguese garrison massacred". The victors brought away 15 guns as trophies.
1183:
Doppet planned to withdraw his weakened army to the Camp of the Union near
Perpignan. In order to cover the rearward movement of his heavy artillery, Doppet decided to mount an attack on the Portuguese garrison of Villelongue. The representatives authorized this mission, but entrusted it to d'Aoust.
1164:
ford across the Tech. Some of the men threw away their weapons and did not stop running until they reached
Perpignan. Hearing the sound of fighting, Doppet sent out a column to distract his foes but only later did he find the fugitives from the morning action. In this action, the Spanish sustained a
1086:
Turreau was shocked at the way the representatives-on-mission dictated orders to the generals. Since the French government neglected to send the formal announcement of his appointment, Turreau decided to simply observe events. Fabre's latest project was to send a force across the mountains to attack
1155:
up to 8,000 men. De
Courten's troops advanced with great secrecy. By coincidence, on the same night, the French garrison at Villelongue planned to assault Montesquieu. So, the two opposing forces, 3,000 French and 5,000 Spanish, passed each other in the night. Nobody had bothered to inform Doppet
1233:
Suffering from the same fever that was causing havoc among his soldiers, Doppet resigned his command on 20 December and went to
Perpignan to recover. D'Aoust was appointed interim army commander on 21 December 1793. Meanwhile, on 20 December, the Spanish won a victory at the Battle of Collioure,
960:
proposed that it was because there were so few regular army units and because the representatives were natives of the area. Representative
Raymond Gaston insisted, "I alone should command here, and I shall be obeyed". Another representative, Claude Dominique CĂ´me Fabre imported 100
1234:
wiping out 4,000 of the 5,000 men in
Delattre's division and capturing 100 guns at the cost of only 300 casualties. After the successful 7 December attack, Ricardos moved Courten's division to Espolla, and on 14 December launched it against
1067:. Shortly afterward, Dagobert quarreled with the representatives, resigned his army command, and returned with his division to the Cerdagne. The temporary commander, d'Aoust unsuccessfully assaulted the Spanish camp in early October at the
1159:
At 6:00 am, Courten's force, split into four columns, overran the French outposts and rushed the
Villelongue position in a bayonet charge. The French soldiers, seeing their escape route being cut off by Spanish cavalry, bolted for the
1250:, and Collioure. On 22 December, Ricardos followed the Collioure coup with a general attack on the French army, which was withdrawing to Perpignan. Ricardos' army nearly trapped their fleeing adversaries, but
272:
1180:. These men arrived after the siege concluded, but their good appearance and discipline were praised. Meanwhile, the French army was ravaged by a disease that ultimately sent 10,000 men to the hospitals.
1107:, was shot in the left arm in this fiasco. Turreau discovered that the representatives had a new project, which he and Dagobert opposed. After the representatives accused him of treason, Dagobert left for
1122:
to command the army, but he would not arrive until 28 November, so d'Aoust again commanded provisionally from 22–27 November. On 26 November 1793, Ricardos, reinforced by 6,000 Portuguese soldiers led by
454:
1165:
loss of only 56 killed and wounded out of 8,000 soldiers engaged. The French had 10,000 men and 40 guns involved and lost 340 killed and wounded, 312 missing, 26 guns, and 2,000 muskets.
265:
1213:
with instructions to advance when he saw signal rockets. Doppet waited in vain for the signal, but d'Aoust later claimed that he lost the rockets. Villelongue was defended by the
969:
as political agents into the army where they spread indiscipline and disorder. The army also suffered from the fact that supplies properly belonging to it were diverted to the
924:
was delivered first and was completely successful, causing the French soldiers to flee. On 18 December, in order to cover a planned withdrawal, Doppet ordered an attack on the
258:
383:
361:
1131:, and captured three French batteries. A former doctor, Doppet found that he was unable to contend with the overbearing representatives, and they virtually ignored him.
689:
1091:. Neither Turreau nor Dagobert approved of the scheme, so d'Aoust led the effort on 26 October 1793. Three columns, two of which were led by Louis Pierre Delattre and
1257:
Fabre was killed during the
Collioure debacle and Delattre was later executed for his defeat. On 25 December 1793, PĂ©rignon and Augereau each received a promotion to
1156:
what was going on, but he had learned from some Spanish prisoners what was afoot. He sent a warning to the Villelongue garrison, but it was completely disregarded.
888:
447:
1254:'s brigade held off the Portuguese pursuit long enough for most of the French to reach Perpignan. However, d'Aoust's army still lost 7,700 men and 23 guns.
659:
602:
440:
816:
823:
1731:
553:
878:
1128:
1641:
The Armies of the First French Republic: Volume III The Armies in the West 1793 to 1797 And, The Armies In The South 1793 to March 1796
920:. Spanish and French attack columns passed each other in the night without detecting each other. On 7 December, the Spanish attack on
351:
1115:, "Are the plans of Fabre and Gaston like the Ark of the Lord which one cannot touch with one's finger without being struck dead?"
932:
carried out the operation and overwhelmed the Portuguese. However, two days later, the French army was disastrously defeated at the
1168:
The Committee of Public Safety ordered Doppet to keep only 15,000 new recruits and send his best soldiers as reinforcements to the
1147:
Ricardos planned to attack the French position at Villelongue-dels-Monts at dawn on 7 December 1793. To this end, he reinforced
1682:
1648:
1127:, attacked the French fieldworks at Saint-Ferréol north of Céret. The operation was carried out by 7,000–8,000 troops led by
1099:, but only Delattre's appeared. The operation totally failed, and Spanish troops chased the French back across the Pyrenees.
883:
503:
356:
1746:
464:
580:
1251:
1741:
1670:
1017:
1736:
1124:
156:
102:
558:
1239:
731:
711:
532:
525:
416:
371:
1119:
1052:
917:
168:
806:
701:
1269:
1200:
asked Lannes to lead the elite troops and he agreed. The initial rush of both main columns was stopped, but
684:
1726:
1197:
953:
766:
746:
726:
513:
388:
366:
217:
1044:
1040:
977:. Consequently, the soldiers were badly fed and clothed, the horses were starving, and many of the men's
929:
546:
421:
393:
179:
1063:. Though victorious, Ricardos retreated to the Tech valley where his soldiers built a fortified camp at
1721:
1112:
1005:
949:
306:
1152:
860:
771:
468:
346:
1059:
division and assumed command of the army. On 22 September, Dagobert's army suffered a defeat in the
791:
563:
432:
1243:
786:
518:
403:
66:
1751:
1177:
1148:
781:
736:
669:
629:
498:
341:
1225:
1185:
1169:
1068:
1036:
1009:
974:
921:
835:
796:
612:
592:
493:
411:
326:
316:
62:
1104:
985:
913:
756:
597:
126:
721:
1636:
957:
664:
41:
Modern map shows Villeongue-dels-Monts in relation to Le Boulou, Brouilla, and Montesquieu.
1048:
624:
8:
1273:
1258:
1072:
1051:
managed to execute a converging attack, driving the Spanish from their camp. Soon after,
1013:
933:
925:
751:
679:
486:
398:
336:
311:
282:
151:
114:
28:
568:
1060:
845:
811:
539:
321:
607:
1666:
1644:
1205:
1139:
1035:. Barbantane panicked and cravenly abandoned the army, leaving it leaderless. In the
1016:. Despite this, the representatives-on-mission sacked Flers on 7 August and selected
1001:
865:
840:
776:
741:
706:
674:
654:
634:
573:
301:
36:
1265:
1092:
989:
970:
909:
905:
855:
850:
716:
649:
644:
145:
1620:
1601:
1021:
761:
639:
587:
472:
801:
1715:
1697:
1684:
1088:
1247:
1201:
1032:
997:
1196:
led by Lannes. Though his wounded arm was still in a sling, his superior,
1008:, the Spanish army took several weeks to reduce the fortress. On 17 July,
992:. On 17 April, Antonio Ricardos' Spanish army invaded France and captured
1658:
1100:
1078:
956:
to a greater degree than any other army of Republican France. Historian
1172:. This impossible order was soon canceled, but 6,000 recruits from the
250:
1235:
1189:
1064:
1028:
937:
462:
1603:
Tableaux des Armées Françaises pendant les Guerres de la Révolution
1193:
1173:
1161:
1056:
962:
202:
993:
1262:
1096:
1031:, the most threatening one being to the northwest of the city at
978:
212:
174:
163:
121:
70:
1108:
966:
193:
140:
97:
1277:
December victory would save him, but he was later executed.
1210:
1606:(in French). Paris: Librarie Militaire R. Chapelot et Cie
1513:
1455:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1472:
1470:
1428:
1426:
1334:
1322:
1298:
1286:
1554:
1411:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1188:
and Jean-Jacques de Laterrade. Included were 500 elite
1184:
There were 2,000 French divided into two columns under
1532:
1530:
1528:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1578:
1566:
1494:
1467:
1423:
1399:
1242:
took command of the division and successfully seized
1000:. On 20 May, Ricardos defeated a French force at the
1387:
1363:
1346:
1310:
1542:
1525:
1482:
1438:
1375:
1027:Ricardos constructed four entrenched camps around
1020:to replace him. Flers was guillotined during the
1713:
1012:successfully fended off Ricardos' attack in the
448:
266:
1268:. D'Aoust was replaced in army command by
1129:Luis FermĂn de Carvajal, Conde de la UniĂłn
455:
441:
273:
259:
1621:"Annals of the Wars: 1783–1795, Volume 4"
1732:Battles of the French Revolutionary Wars
1224:
1138:
1077:
207:Army of Assistance to the Crown of Spain
1599:
1572:
1357:
280:
1714:
1635:
1584:
1519:
1507:
1476:
1461:
1432:
1405:
1393:
1369:
1340:
1328:
1316:
1304:
1292:
1075:arrived to take command of the army.
1657:
1623:. London: Mitchell's Military Library
1548:
1488:
1095:, were supposed to first converge on
436:
254:
1618:
1560:
1536:
1449:
1417:
1381:
619:Third invasion of Portugal 1810–1811
547:First invasion of Portugal 1807–1808
16:Event during the War of the Pyrenees
1643:. USA: Pickle Partners Publishing.
1209:Meanwhile, Doppet was stationed at
1111:. There Dagobert complained to the
936:and had to beat a hasty retreat to
13:
1043:leading troops from Perpignan and
14:
1763:
1018:Hilarion Paul Puget de Barbantane
952:controlled the operations of the
908:force from the army commanded by
1118:The French government appointed
581:Second invasion of Portugal 1809
211:
201:
192:
173:
162:
150:
139:
120:
107:
96:
35:
1272:on 16 January 1794. The French
1252:Catherine-Dominique de PĂ©rignon
1217:Portuguese Infantry Regiment.
904:(7 and 18 December 1793) saw a
1:
1663:The Napoleonic Wars Data Book
1593:
981:were in poor working order.
943:
487:War of the Pyrenees 1793-1795
1240:Gregorio GarcĂa de la Cuesta
1220:
1198:Anne Charles Basset Montaigu
954:Army of the Eastern Pyrenees
912:attack a position held by a
218:Army of the Eastern Pyrenees
7:
1261:and Lannes was promoted to
1053:Luc Siméon Auguste Dagobert
1045:Jacques Gilles Henri Goguet
916:force from the army led by
526:Mediterranean Campaign 1798
10:
1768:
1747:Battles involving Portugal
1270:Jacques François Dugommier
1113:Committee of Public Safety
1047:directing the division at
950:representatives-on-mission
81:Spanish-Portuguese victory
1600:Clerget, Charles (1905).
1134:
928:garrison at Villelongue.
482:
292:
236:
223:
185:
132:
89:
45:
34:
26:
21:
1742:Battles involving France
1280:
1041:Eustache Charles d'Aoust
930:Eustache Charles d'Aoust
1737:Battles involving Spain
1178:Charles-Pierre Augereau
1153:Montesquieu-des-Albères
540:War of the Oranges 1801
504:Sant Llorenç de la Muga
232:7 Dec.: 10,000, 40 guns
1230:
1186:Pierre Francois Sauret
1144:
1120:François Amédée Doppet
1083:
1071:. On 11 October 1793,
1069:First Battle of Boulou
1039:on 17 September 1793,
1037:Battle of Peyrestortes
1010:Louis-Charles de Flers
922:Villelongue-dels-Monts
918:François Amédée Doppet
133:Commanders and leaders
63:Villelongue-dels-Monts
53:7 and 18 December 1793
1665:. London: Greenhill.
1637:Phipps, Ramsay Weston
1619:Cust, Edward (1859).
1228:
1176:camp were sent under
1142:
1105:Marshal of the Empire
1081:
986:First French Republic
984:On 9 March 1793, the
902:Battle of Villelongue
237:Casualties and losses
22:Battle of Villelongue
1698:42.52639°N 2.90417°E
988:declared war on the
958:Ramsay Weston Phipps
245:7 Dec.: 652, 26 guns
1727:War of the Pyrenees
1694: /
1563:, pp. 170–171.
1522:, pp. 165–166.
1464:, pp. 163–164.
1420:, pp. 169–170.
1343:, pp. 154–160.
1331:, pp. 151–153.
1307:, pp. 169–171.
1295:, pp. 163–166.
1274:National Convention
1259:general of division
1073:Louis Marie Turreau
1014:Battle of Perpignan
1006:Siege of Bellegarde
934:Battle of Collioure
559:Padrões de Teixeira
284:War of the Pyrenees
115:Kingdom of Portugal
67:Pyrénées-Orientales
29:War of the Pyrenees
1231:
1145:
1084:
1061:Battle of Truillas
1055:appeared with the
727:Arroyo dos Molinos
389:Sans Culottes Camp
1722:Conflicts in 1793
1703:42.52639; 2.90417
1650:978-1-908692-26-9
1206:Jean Joseph Guieu
1049:Salses-le-Château
1002:Battle of Mas Deu
998:Tech River valley
914:Republican French
897:
896:
430:
429:
249:
248:
198:Army of Catalonia
127:Republican France
85:
84:
1759:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1676:
1654:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
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1540:
1534:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1492:
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1480:
1474:
1465:
1459:
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1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1355:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1290:
1266:adjutant general
1229:Antonio Ricardos
1093:Bertrand Clausel
990:Kingdom of Spain
971:Army of the Alps
910:Antonio Ricardos
830:France 1813-1814
685:Fuentes de Oñoro
645:Battle of Sobral
477:
475:
457:
450:
443:
434:
433:
378:Western Pyrenees
357:2nd Sant Llorenç
352:1st Sant Llorenç
296:Eastern Pyrenees
287:
285:
275:
268:
261:
252:
251:
216:
215:
206:
205:
197:
196:
180:Eustache d'Aoust
178:
177:
167:
166:
155:
154:
146:Antonio Ricardos
144:
143:
125:
124:
113:
111:
110:
103:Kingdom of Spain
101:
100:
47:
46:
39:
19:
18:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1712:
1711:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1681:
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1673:
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1609:
1607:
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1591:
1583:
1579:
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1535:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1506:
1495:
1487:
1483:
1475:
1468:
1460:
1456:
1448:
1439:
1431:
1424:
1416:
1412:
1404:
1400:
1392:
1388:
1380:
1376:
1368:
1364:
1356:
1347:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1315:
1311:
1303:
1299:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1244:Fort Saint-Elme
1223:
1170:Siege of Toulon
1149:Juan de Courten
1143:Juan de Courten
1137:
1082:François Doppet
1022:Reign of Terror
946:
898:
893:
870:
747:Salamanca Forts
696:Spain 1811-1813
690:Aldeia da Ponte
478:
474:Napoleonic Wars
473:
463:
461:
431:
426:
408:
288:
283:
281:
279:
210:
200:
199:
191:
172:
171:
169:François Doppet
161:
149:
148:
138:
119:
108:
106:
105:
95:
73:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1765:
1755:
1754:
1752:1793 in France
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1678:
1677:
1671:
1655:
1649:
1633:
1616:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1587:, p. 167.
1577:
1565:
1553:
1541:
1539:, p. 171.
1524:
1512:
1510:, p. 166.
1493:
1481:
1479:, p. 164.
1466:
1454:
1452:, p. 170.
1437:
1435:, p. 163.
1422:
1410:
1408:, p. 162.
1398:
1396:, p. 161.
1386:
1384:, p. 169.
1374:
1372:, p. 160.
1362:
1345:
1333:
1321:
1319:, p. 133.
1309:
1297:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1222:
1219:
1136:
1133:
945:
942:
895:
894:
892:
891:
889:Banda Oriental
886:
881:
879:Guerra de 1801
875:
874:
869:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
832:
831:
827:
826:
821:
820:
819:
814:
809:
804:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
732:Ciudad Rodrigo
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
698:
697:
693:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
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583:
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452:
445:
437:
428:
427:
425:
424:
419:
414:
407:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
384:Château-Pignon
380:
379:
375:
374:
369:
367:Black Mountain
364:
362:2nd Bellegarde
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
307:1st Bellegarde
304:
298:
297:
293:
290:
289:
278:
277:
270:
263:
255:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
234:
233:
230:
226:
225:
221:
220:
208:
188:
187:
186:Units involved
183:
182:
159:
135:
134:
130:
129:
117:
92:
91:
87:
86:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
61:
59:
55:
54:
51:
43:
42:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1764:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1710:
1707:
1674:
1672:1-85367-276-9
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1622:
1617:
1605:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1586:
1581:
1575:, p. 39.
1574:
1569:
1562:
1557:
1551:, p. 64.
1550:
1545:
1538:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1521:
1516:
1509:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1491:, p. 63.
1490:
1485:
1478:
1473:
1471:
1463:
1458:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1434:
1429:
1427:
1419:
1414:
1407:
1402:
1395:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1371:
1366:
1360:, p. 23.
1359:
1354:
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1199:
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982:
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975:Army of Italy
972:
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959:
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951:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
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906:Royal Spanish
903:
890:
887:
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815:
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792:San Sebastián
790:
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670:Foz de Arouce
668:
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638:
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633:
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469:Revolutionary
466:
458:
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422:Gulf of Roses
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418:
415:
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368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
347:2nd Collioure
345:
343:
340:
338:
337:1st Collioure
335:
333:
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328:
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320:
318:
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229:7 Dec.: 8,000
228:
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176:
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33:
30:
25:
20:
1679:
1662:
1659:Smith, Digby
1640:
1625:. Retrieved
1608:. Retrieved
1602:
1580:
1573:Clerget 1905
1568:
1556:
1544:
1515:
1484:
1457:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1377:
1365:
1358:Clerget 1905
1336:
1324:
1312:
1300:
1288:
1256:
1248:Port-Vendres
1232:
1214:
1202:Pierre Banel
1182:
1167:
1158:
1146:
1117:
1087:the port of
1085:
1033:Peyrestortes
1026:
983:
947:
901:
899:
807:Roncesvalles
640:Trant's raid
508:
417:Fort-Dauphin
331:
317:Peyrestortes
90:Belligerents
1701: /
1585:Phipps 2011
1520:Phipps 2011
1508:Phipps 2011
1477:Phipps 2011
1462:Phipps 2011
1433:Phipps 2011
1406:Phipps 2011
1394:Phipps 2011
1370:Phipps 2011
1341:Phipps 2011
1329:Phipps 2011
1317:Phipps 2011
1305:Phipps 2011
1293:Phipps 2011
1125:John Forbes
1101:Jean Lannes
767:Tordesillas
757:Majadahonda
737:3rd Badajoz
712:2nd Badajoz
702:1st Badajoz
680:2nd Almeida
630:1st Almeida
509:Villelongue
332:Villelongue
157:John Forbes
1716:Categories
1686:42°31′35″N
1627:1 December
1610:1 December
1594:References
1549:Smith 1998
1489:Smith 1998
1215:1st Oporto
1190:grenadiers
944:Background
926:Portuguese
772:San Millan
665:Casal Novo
499:2nd Boulou
342:2nd Boulou
327:1st Boulou
242:7 Dec.: 56
1689:2°54′15″E
1561:Cust 1859
1537:Cust 1859
1450:Cust 1859
1418:Cust 1859
1382:Cust 1859
1236:Collioure
1221:Aftermath
1194:chasseurs
1103:, future
1065:Le Boulou
1029:Perpignan
1004:. In the
938:Perpignan
752:Salamanca
625:River CĂ´a
613:2nd Porto
598:1st Porto
399:Orbaizeta
312:Perpignan
1661:(1998).
1639:(2011).
1174:Toulouse
1162:Brouilla
1057:Cerdagne
963:Jacobins
873:Overseas
861:Toulouse
836:Bidassoa
812:Sorauren
797:Pyrenees
787:Pamplona
722:El BodĂłn
660:Condeixa
603:Amarante
465:Portugal
322:Truillas
224:Strength
58:Location
27:Part of
1263:colonel
1097:Espolla
996:in the
979:muskets
973:or the
866:Bayonne
841:Nivelle
817:Lizasso
777:Vitoria
742:Almaraz
707:Barrosa
675:Sabugal
655:Redinha
635:Bussaco
574:Vimeiro
519:Bascara
514:Capmany
467:in the
404:Bascara
302:Mas Deu
1669:
1647:
1135:Battle
884:Guiana
856:Orthez
851:Garris
824:Buenza
782:Tolosa
762:Burgos
717:Usagre
650:Pombal
588:Chaves
569:Roliça
494:Toulon
412:Toulon
394:Baztan
112:
78:Result
71:France
1281:Notes
1109:Paris
1089:Roses
994:CĂ©ret
967:Paris
965:from
608:GrijĂł
593:Braga
564:Évora
554:OlhĂŁo
533:Malta
372:Roses
1667:ISBN
1645:ISBN
1629:2023
1612:2023
1211:Elne
1204:and
1192:and
948:The
900:The
846:Nive
802:Maya
471:and
50:Date
1151:at
1024:.
940:.
1718::
1527:^
1496:^
1469:^
1440:^
1425:^
1348:^
1246:,
1238:.
69:,
65:,
1675:.
1653:.
1631:.
1614:.
456:e
449:t
442:v
274:e
267:t
260:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
