348:
467:, which is why in today's Jakarta there are some regions named after ethnic-specific names such as Kampung Melayu, Kampung Bali, Makassar, and Kampung Ambon. These ethnic groups merged and formed around the 18th to 19th centuries. It was not until the late 19th or early 20th century that the group – who would become the dwellers of Batavia, referred to themselves as "Betawi", which refers to a Creole Malay-speaking ethnic group that has a mixed culture of different influences; Malay, Javanese, Sundanese to Arabic and Chinese. The term "Betawi" was first listed as an ethnic category in the 1930 census of Batavia residents. The Betawi people have a culture and language distinct from the surrounding Sundanese and Javanese. The Betawis are known for their traditions in music and food.
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perception, which believes that Betawi culture is currently marginalized and under pressure from the more dominant neighbouring
Javanese and Sundanese cultures—Betawi culture is thriving since it is being adopted by immigrants who have settled in Jakarta. The Betawi culture also has become an identity for the city, promoted through municipal government patronage. The Betawi dialect is often spoken in TV shows and
4161:
646:. Anthropologist Fachry Ali of IAIN Pekalongan considers that Islam is one of the main sources for the formation of the Betawi culture and identity, and as such these two cannot be separated. The element of Islam can be seen in many parts of Betawi society. For example, the Forum Betawi Rempug (FBR), a Betawi organization, considers the ethos of their organization to be the three S's:
1610:
482:
1152:(local champion). The fight is naturally won by the groom's entourage as the village champs welcome him to the bride's home. The traditional wedding dress of Betawi displays Chinese influences in the bride's costume and Arabian influences in the groom's costume. Betawi people borrowed the Chinese culture of
460:
Originally, circa the 17th to 18th century, the dwellers of
Batavia were identified according to their ethnics of origin; either Sundanese, Javanese, Malays, Ambonese, Buginese-Makassar, or Arabs and Chinese. This was shown in the Batavia census record that listed the immigrant's ethnic background of
718:
Meester
Anthing became the first to bring Christianity to the Betawi community of Kampung Sawah, and founded the Protestant Church of Kampung Sawah, by combining mysticism, Betawi culture, and Christianity. However this community split into three rival factions in 1895, the first faction was led by
710:
culture. Recently, there has been an ongoing debate on defining Betawi culture and identity—as mainstream Betawi organizations are criticized for only accommodating Muslim Betawi while marginalizing non-Muslim elements within Betawi culture—such as
Portuguese Christian Betawi Tugu and Tangerang
895:
around the city filled with orchards. As
Jakarta becomes more and more densely populated, so do Betawi traditional villages that have mostly now turned into a densely packed urban village with humble houses tucked in between high-rise buildings and main roads. Some of the more authentic Betawi
844:
The culture and art form of the Betawi people demonstrates the influences experienced by them throughout their history. Foreign influences are visible, such as
Portuguese and Chinese influences on their music, and Sundanese, Javanese, and Chinese influences in their dances. Contrary to popular
546:
Due to their historical sentiment as a marginalized ethnic group in their native land, the Betawi people form several communal organizations to protect themselves from other ethnic groups and strengthen the Betawi solidarity. Notable organizations include the
2213:
Wanganea, Yopie dan
Abdurachman. 1985. Upacara Tradisional Yang Berkaitan Dengan Peristiwa Alam Dan Kepercayaan Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Proyek Inventarisasi dan Dokumentasi Kebudayaan Jakarta. Hal.
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Guru Laban based in West
Kampung Sawah, the second faction was under Yoseh based in East Kampung Sawah, and the third under Guru Nathanael which was dismissed from the Protestant Church of Kampung Sawah and seek refuge in
1254:
Finding its roots in a thriving port city, Betawi has an eclectic cuisine that reflects foreign culinary traditions that have influenced the inhabitants of
Jakarta for centuries. Betawi cuisine is heavily influenced by
335:
and its immediate outskirts, as such often described as the inhabitants of the city. They are the descendants of the people who inhabited
Batavia (the Dutch colonial name of Jakarta) from the 17th century onwards.
1801:
Current Issues in Tourism, Gastronomy, and Tourist Destination Research: Proceedings of the International Conference on Tourism, Gastronomy, and Tourist Destination (TGDIC 2021), Jakarta, Indonesia, 2 December
940:. Malay and Bugis migrants around Batavia were historically clustered in coastal areas as they worked as traders or fishermen. Today, the cluster of Bugis fishermen villages can be found inhabiting Jakarta's
561:(Betawi Family Network, IKB). These organizations act as grassroots movements to increase the bargaining power of the Betawi people whose significant part of them are economically relegated to the
1240:
is one of the most commonly practised forms of silat in Greater Jakarta and is distinguishable from other Betawi silat styles by its close-distance combat style and lack of offensive leg action.
4352:
4238:
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Mangkeng is a ceremony used at important public gatherings and especially at weddings. The main purpose is to bring good luck and ward off the rain. It is performed by the village
1214:(lit. "tough guy" or "local hero") that during colonial times often went against colonial authority; despised by the Dutch as thugs and bandits, but highly respected by locals
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666:-based education). Betawi people often strongly emphasize their Islamic identity in their writings, which is observed by many foreign academics. Susan Abeyasekere of
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is a martial art of the Betawi people, which was not quite popular but recently has gained wider attention thanks to the popularity of Silat films, such as
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929:. The coastal stilt houses were built according to coastal wet environs which are sometimes flooded by tides or floods, it was possibly influenced by
684:
There are Betawi people who profess the Christian faith. Among the Betawi ethnic Christians, some have claimed that they are the descendants of the
3202:
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987:("grasshopper teeth") which are a row of wooden shingles applied on the roof fascia. Another distinctive characteristic of the Betawi house is a
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565:. Some of them hold a significantly large number of followers; for example, as of 2021, Forkabi has a membership of 500,000 people across the
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347:
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991:, a framed open front terrace where the Betawi family receives their guests. The large front terrace is used as an outdoor living space.
3913:
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1925:
Farish A. Noor. (2012). The Forum Betawi Rempug (FBR) of Jakarta: an ethnic‑cultural solidarity movement in a globalising Indonesia. (
4082:
538:. It has become one of the most widely spoken languages in Indonesia, and also one of the most active local dialects in the country.
1110:, which is a form of theater that draws themes from local urban legends, and foreign stories to the everyday life of Betawi people.
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3590:
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colonial authorities began to import servants and labours from all over the archipelago into Batavia. One of the earliest were
1905:
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1837:
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Wijaya, Hussein (ed.), Seni Budaya Betawi. Pralokarya Penggalian Dan Pengem¬bangannya, Jakarta: PT Dunia Pustaka Jaya, 1976
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2015:
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cuisines, and to some extent Indian, Arabic, and European cuisines. Betawi people have several popular dishes, such as
1727:
1700:
983:, except for the joglo house, which has a high-pointed roof. Betawi architecture has a specific ornamentation called
1866:
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3898:
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3527:
1939:
Ormas Forkabi Punya Ketua Baru Artikel ini telah tayang di JPNN.com dengan judul "Ormas Forkabi Punya Ketua Baru"
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The term Betawi people emerged in the 18th century as an amalgamation of various ethnic groups into Batavia.
1827:
1799:
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3959:
3639:
3583:
1967:
941:
503:
1996:
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loanwords. Today the Betawi language is a popular informal language in Indonesia and used as the base of
371:
and abroad. Before the 19th century, the self-identity of the Betawi people was not yet formed. The name
1785:
Proceeding International Conference 2020: Reposition of the Art and Cultural Heritage After Pandemic Era
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1958:. Singapore: ISEAS: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2015. p. 270 (based on 2010 census data).
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In the coastal area in the Marunda area, North Jakarta, the Betawi traditional houses are built in
900:
bordering with Depok area, West Java. Traditional Betawi houses can be found in Betawi traditional
735:, which traces its origin to the Guru Nathanael community, uses Betawi culture and language in its
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3576:
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507:
380:
20:
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Im Spannungsfeld von Traditionalität und Modernität: Die Orang Betawi und Betawi-ness in Jakarta
2053:"Cerita di Balik Jemaat Misa Natal Gereja Kampung Sawah yang Pakai Baju Adat Betawi Halaman all"
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Aris Ananta, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, M Sairi Hasbullah, Nur Budi Handayani, Agus Pramono (2015).
43:
Betawi wedding costume demonstrate both Middle Eastern (groom) and Chinese (bride) influences.
4087:
2812:
1717:
1637:. Singapore: ISEAS: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, p. 270 (based on 2010 census data).
1080:, the art forms of masked dance. The traditional Betawi dance costumes show both Chinese and
926:
920:
406:
275:
4024:
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3765:
3537:
3227:
1938:
858:
728:
325:
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Melawan Lupa - Siapakah Penduduk Asli Jakarta? (Who Are the Indigenous People of Jakarta?)
2382:
8:
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villages survived only on the outskirts of the city, such as in Setu Babakan, Jagakarsa,
548:
450:
317:
245:
171:
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3505:
3002:
2887:
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2077:
Aris Ananta, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, M Sairi Hasbullah, Nur Budi Handayani, Agus Pramono.
1954:
Aris Ananta, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, M Sairi Hasbullah, Nur Budi Handayani, Agus Pramono.
1719:
Creole Identity in Postcolonial Indonesia. Volume 9 of Integration and Conflict Studies
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influences, while the movements such as Yapong dance, which is derived from Sundanese
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1833:
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during weddings, circumcisions, or any celebrative events. The tradition of bringing
1122:
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515:
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438:
2344:
Kreolität und postkoloniale Gesellschaft. Integration und Differenzierung in Jakarta
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as native's champion. In the Betawi dialect, their style of pencak silat is called
1197:
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2982:
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2725:
2693:
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2621:
2502:
1690:
1663:
1576:
1499:
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1307:
1144:(lit. door's bar) tradition of silat Betawi demonstration. It is a choreographed
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1607:"Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama, Dan Bahasa Sehari-Hari Penduduk Indonesia"
363:
The Betawis are the most recently formed ethnic groups in Indonesia. They are a
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700:
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491:
364:
2377:
1798:
Oktadiana, Hera; Rahmanita, Myrza; Suprina, Rina; Junyang, Pan (25 May 2022).
1118:
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who intermarried with the local population, who mainly settled in the area of
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4004:
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1535:
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897:
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196:
2357:
Betawi dalam Perspektif Kontemporer: Perkembangan, Potensi, dan Tantangannya
4037:
3671:
3634:
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Batavian citizens. They were separated into specific ethnic-based enclaves
442:
387:
328:
250:
4212:
2110:"'Rumah Si Pitung' most popular among Jakarta Maritime Museum attractions"
1781:"The Betawi Society's Socio-Cultural Reflectionsin the Motif Batik Betawi"
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2196:(in Indonesian). Jakarta City Government. 13 October 2013. Archived from
1517:
1471:
1382:
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1153:
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980:
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observed that many of the Betawi people are devout and orthodox Muslims.
643:
587:
430:
255:
240:
200:
1743:
No Money, No Honey: A study of street traders and prostitutes in Jakarta
1313:
1041:
907:
405:
mercenaries. Subsequently, other ethnic groups followed suit; they were
4326:
4042:
4032:
3510:
3493:
3162:
3089:
2957:
2952:
2790:
2569:
2081:. Singapore: ISEAS: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2015. p. 273.
1553:
1547:
1483:
1424:
1323:
1207:
1158:
1145:
937:
871:
2040:
Hidup Berbeda Agama Dalam Satu Atap di Kampung Sawah | Special Content
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886:
821:
707:
663:
368:
124:
78:
904:(villages) in Condet and Setu Babakan area, East and South Jakarta.
510:; other northern Java coastal areas are overwhelmingly dominated by
4301:
4296:
3795:
3386:
3247:
2974:
2626:
1505:
1233:
1019:
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783:
773:
627:
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402:
220:
204:
2351:
Profil Orang Betawi: Asal Muasal, Kebudayaan, dan Adat Istiadatnya
1162:(crocodile bread) during a wedding is probably a European custom.
457:, who were originally brought to or attracted to Batavia to work.
4311:
3599:
3568:
2836:
2437:
1986:. By Susan Abeyasekere. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1987.
1745:
by Alison Murray. Oxford University Press, 1992. Glossary page xi
1570:
1403:
1216:
1179:
999:
891:
889:) clustered in and around Batavia city walls. They are living in
703:, it also has other roots which include Christian Portuguese and
673:
553:
523:
485:
463:
332:
101:
38:
1797:
1438:
739:. A practice that is shared by other churches in Kampung Sawah.
367:
ethnic group in that their ancestors came from various parts of
2764:
1442:
1301:
1134:
1106:
1092:
835:
732:
678:
527:
352:
147:
2330:
The attitudes and values of Betawi Fringe Dwellers in Djakarta
1137:, also called the Pangkeng shaman, where the name originates.
429:. Foreign and mixed ethnic groups were also included; such as
3557:
3242:
2512:
1237:
1229:
934:
877:
Traditionally Betawi people are not urban dwellers living in
753:
648:
394:
187:
2378:
Tuhan aye Babe di Sorge (Betawi style Christian music video)
2339:, Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 128 (2), 2002, pp. 203–221
1018:, as well as Keroncong Kemayoran music, is derived from the
506:
language. It was the only Malay-based dialect spoken on the
136:
113:
90:
3299:
2680:
2248:"Lebaran Betawi: An event to maintain bonds and traditions"
398:
2332:, Berita Antropologi 8 (September), 1972, pp. 78–159
2325:, Indonesia vol. I, Ithaca: Cornell University April 1967
1474:, military figure and former special minister of security
1210:. Betawi martial art was rooted in the Betawi culture of
481:
2264:
1779:
Woelandhary, Ayoeningsih Dyah (2020). Wita, Afri (ed.).
1647:
Castle, Lance (1967). "The Ethnic Profile of Djakarta".
2204:
1058:
large bamboo masked-puppet giant effigy is similar to
699:. Although today Betawi culture is often perceived as
557:(Communication Forum for Betawi People, Forkabi), and
502:
The Betawi language, also known as Betawi Malay, is a
4189:
1695:(2 ed.). KITLV The Scarecrow Press. p. 55.
1090:
dance with a hint of Chinese style. Another dance is
3682:
List of colonial buildings and structures in Jakarta
1224:(lit. playing strike) which is related to Sundanese
2222:
2220:
642:A substantial majority of the Betawi people follow
1897:
1880:
1878:
1876:
375:is adopted from the native rendering of the term "
2084:
1903:
1759:
1165:Other Betawi celebrations and ceremonies include
963:Betawi houses are typically one of three styles:
881:(European-style building) or two-storied Chinese
4438:
2285:
2217:
1906:"The perseverance of Betawi language in Jakarta"
2373:Betawi dances tutorial videos by JakartaTourism
2346:, Frankfurt & New York: Campus Verlag, 2007
2291:
2245:
2172:"Jakarta Traditional Dance – Betawi Mask Dance"
2016:"Betawi rasa Kristiani di Kampung Sawah Bekasi"
1929:). Singapore: Nanyang Technological University.
1884:
1873:
1148:between the groom's entourage with the bride's
2417:
2044:
1033:" is an example of a traditional Betawi song.
355:and slaves were employed from outside Java to
4239:
3584:
2403:
2229:"Betawi 'Pencak silat' lays low among locals"
2226:
1609:. Badan Pusat Statistik. 2010. Archived from
1140:During a Betawi wedding ceremony, there is a
3899:Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University
2294:"Weekly 5: A crash course in Betawi cuisine"
2267:"Betawi pencak silat adapts to modern times"
2007:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1496:, Islamic nationwide preacher and politician
379:" city which was originally named after the
1778:
1755:
1753:
1751:
975:(warehouse style), and Javanese-influenced
69:
4246:
4232:
3591:
3577:
2410:
2396:
2265:Nathalie Abigail Budiman (1 August 2015).
2092:"What to become of native Betawi culture?"
1948:
1865:. Jakarta. 7 November 2011. Archived from
1688:
4083:Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport
2050:
2014:Firdaus, Randy Ferdi (20 December 2015).
1846:
1762:"Betawi: Between tradition and modernity"
2154:"Yapong Dance, Betawi Traditional Dance"
1748:
1437:
1191:
1117:
1040:
998:
944:. An example of a well-preserved Betawi
906:
862:
820:
672:
480:
346:
2051:Ramadhian, Nabilla (27 December 2022).
2013:
1932:
1668:. Vol. 2. KITLV Press. p. 6.
4439:
1859:"Debunking the 'native Jakartan myth'"
1829:Jakarta Batavia: Socio-Cultural Essays
1661:
1646:
1599:
1468:, legendary comedian, singer and actor
1104:Betawi's popular folk drama is called
4227:
3572:
2391:
1921:
1919:
1715:
1689:Cribb, Robert; Kahin, Audrey (2004).
825:Betawi traditional dress is known as
342:
4160:
4078:Soekarno–Hatta International Airport
1532:, actor, martial artist and stuntman
64:Regions with significant populations
2292:Indah Setiawati (8 November 2013).
2079:Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity
1956:Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity
1825:
1760:Dina Indrasafitri (26 April 2012).
1634:Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity
1228:. Notable schools among others are
13:
4353:Indonesian Indian in North Sumatra
3598:
2246:Irawaty Wardany (23 August 2015).
1968:Arti Agama Islam bagi Orang Betawi
1916:
1904:Setiono Sugiharto (21 June 2008).
1692:Historical Dictionary of Indonesia
1036:
1029:of the Tugu area, North Jakarta. "
14:
4473:
2366:
1826:Nas, Peter J. M. (13 June 2022).
1433:
925:style, which are houses built on
522:. The Betawi vocabulary has many
4255:
4211:
4199:
4171:
4159:
4148:
4147:
4073:Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link
3975:Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex
3648:
1885:Indah Setiawati (24 June 2012).
1416:
1396:
1374:
1358:
1342:
140:
117:
94:
71:
37:
4104:Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital
2315:
2258:
2239:
2182:
2164:
2146:
2128:
2102:
2071:
2033:
1989:
1977:
1961:
1819:
1791:
1187:
852:
1772:
1736:
1722:. Berghahn Books. p. 91.
1709:
1682:
1655:
1640:
1625:
1556:, actress, presenter and model
1554:Francesca Gabriella Dewi Rezer
1196:Silat Betawi demonstration in
207:(0.6%), other (less than 0.1%)
1:
3990:Shri Sanathana Dharma Aalayam
3934:Universitas Kristen Indonesia
2323:The Ethnic Profile of Jakarta
2227:Indra Budiari (13 May 2016).
1592:
1113:
383:, an ancient Germanic tribe.
54:
4358:Indonesian Indian in Jakarta
4109:Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital
3960:National Museum of Indonesia
2098:. Jakarta. 26 November 2010.
1544:, journalist and news anchor
979:. Most Betawi houses have a
554:Forum Komunikasi Anak Betawi
7:
3904:State University of Jakarta
1974:. Retrieved March 29, 2021.
1945:. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
1927:RSIS Working Paper, No. 242
1560:
572:
470:
10:
4478:
4457:Ethnic groups in Indonesia
4374:List of Indonesian Indians
4015:Taman Mini Indonesia Indah
3751:Golden Triangle of Jakarta
3646:
2419:Ethnic groups in Indonesia
2003:. Jakarta. 26 August 2010.
1716:Knorr, Jacqueline (2014).
1461:National Hero of Indonesia
1247:
1243:
856:
816:
541:
474:
357:Batavia, Dutch East Indies
18:
4398:
4390:Indian Indonesian cuisine
4382:
4366:
4345:
4284:
4268:
4143:
4117:
4096:
4023:
3970:Gelora Bung Karno Stadium
3947:
3924:Bina Nusantara University
3909:Jakarta State Polytechnic
3881:
3830:
3809:
3756:Jakarta metropolitan area
3716:
3695:
3657:
3607:
3439:
3343:
3226:
3088:
2973:
2763:
2679:
2436:
2425:
1526:, actor, singer and model
514:, while some parts speak
216:
211:
182:
177:
162:
157:
134:
111:
88:
68:
63:
53:
48:
36:
16:Ethnic group in Indonesia
3817:Indonesia Stock Exchange
1805:. Taylor & Francis.
994:
3985:Selamat Datang Monument
3929:Tarumanagara University
3889:University of Indonesia
3843:Jakarta City government
3484:Bangka Belitung Chinese
2355:Shahab, Yasmine (ed.),
2194:Encyclopedia of Jakarta
1997:"Betawi or not Betawi?"
1480:, composer and musician
580:Religion of Betawinese
21:Betawi (disambiguation)
4285:Ethnolinguistic groups
4278:Person of India Origin
3965:Jakarta History Museum
3868:Transmigration program
2176:Indonesia Travel Guide
1662:Grijns, C. D. (1991).
1457:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
1446:
1200:
1130:
1049:
1007:
952:, located in Marunda,
916:
874:
841:
681:
559:Ikatan Keluarga Betawi
508:northern coast of Java
499:
360:
331:native to the city of
4088:Port of Tanjung Priok
1441:
1195:
1121:
1044:
1002:
910:
866:
824:
676:
484:
386:In the 17th century,
350:
320:, meaning "people of
212:Related ethnic groups
4010:Taman Ismail Marzuki
3914:Atma Jaya University
3766:Semanggi Interchange
2359:, Jakarta: LKB, 1997
1550:, actress and singer
1520:, actress and singer
859:St. Servatius Church
729:St. Servatius Church
658:(martial arts), and
19:For other uses, see
4426:Indians in Thailand
4411:Indian Singaporeans
4130:Water privatisation
3919:Trisakti University
3894:Universitas Terbuka
2342:Knoerr, Jacqueline
2335:Knoerr, Jacqueline
2200:on 16 January 2013.
2142:. 1 September 2013.
1887:"Betawi house hunt"
1488:governor of Jakarta
677:A Betawi church in
636: Other (0.03%)
549:Forum Betawi Rempug
246:Chinese Indonesians
33:
4262:Indian Indonesians
3873:ASEAN Headquarters
2328:Guinness, Patrick
2116:. 25 November 2017
1984:Jakarta: A History
1869:on 5 October 2016.
1548:Asmirandah Zantman
1453:, legendary bandit
1447:
1201:
1131:
1127:Tari Topeng Betawi
1050:
1008:
938:traditional houses
917:
911:Interior of Rumah
875:
842:
731:in Kampung Sawah,
682:
504:Malay-based creole
500:
361:
343:Origin and history
261:Indian Indonesians
170: •
31:
4434:
4433:
4416:Indians in Brunei
4406:Malaysian Indians
4292:Tamil Indonesians
4187:
4186:
4000:Jakarta Cathedral
3955:National Monument
3566:
3565:
2158:Indonesia Tourism
1839:978-90-04-45429-3
1812:978-1-000-61917-1
1428:(Crocodile bread)
1123:Betawi mask dance
1099:Betawi mask dance
942:Thousands Islands
872:traditional house
812:
811:
721:Jakarta Cathedral
668:Monash University
512:Javanese dialects
299:
298:
4469:
4337:Mardijker people
4260:
4259:
4248:
4241:
4234:
4225:
4224:
4216:
4215:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4195:
4175:
4163:
4162:
4151:
4150:
4053:KRL Commuterline
3939:YARSI University
3863:DPR/MPR Building
3791:Lapangan Banteng
3652:
3640:Thousand Islands
3593:
3586:
3579:
3570:
3569:
2412:
2405:
2398:
2389:
2388:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2298:The Jakarta Post
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2271:The Jakarta Post
2262:
2256:
2255:
2252:The Jakarta Post
2243:
2237:
2236:
2233:The Jakarta Post
2224:
2215:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2178:. 4 August 2015.
2168:
2162:
2161:
2160:. 27 March 2013.
2150:
2144:
2143:
2140:The Jakarta Post
2132:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2114:The Jakarta Post
2106:
2100:
2099:
2096:The Jakarta Post
2088:
2082:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2048:
2042:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2001:The Jakarta Post
1993:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1965:
1959:
1952:
1946:
1936:
1930:
1923:
1914:
1913:
1910:The Jakarta Post
1901:
1895:
1894:
1891:The Jakarta Post
1882:
1871:
1870:
1863:The Jakarta Post
1855:
1844:
1843:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1766:The Jakarta Post
1757:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1644:
1638:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1603:
1582:Mardijker people
1542:Aiman Witjaksono
1420:
1400:
1378:
1362:
1346:
1027:Mardijker people
742:
741:
635:
625:
615:
605:
595:
585:
536:Indonesian slang
226:Arab Indonesians
146:
144:
143:
137:
123:
121:
120:
114:
100:
98:
97:
91:
84:6,807,968 (2010)
81:
77:
75:
74:
56:
49:Total population
41:
34:
30:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4466:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4430:
4421:Indian Filipino
4394:
4378:
4367:Notable peoples
4362:
4341:
4307:Gujarati people
4280:
4276:
4275:
4264:
4254:
4252:
4222:
4210:
4200:
4198:
4190:
4188:
4183:
4139:
4113:
4092:
4019:
3995:Istiqlal Mosque
3980:Hotel Indonesia
3943:
3877:
3826:
3805:
3712:
3703:Betawi language
3691:
3653:
3644:
3615:Central Jakarta
3603:
3597:
3567:
3562:
3435:
3339:
3229:
3222:
3084:
2969:
2759:
2675:
2432:
2421:
2416:
2369:
2349:Saidi, Ridwan.
2321:Castles, Lance
2318:
2313:
2312:
2302:
2300:
2290:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2263:
2259:
2244:
2240:
2225:
2218:
2211:(in Indonesian)
2210:
2209:
2205:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2119:
2117:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2076:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2059:(in Indonesian)
2049:
2045:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2012:
2008:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1982:
1978:
1966:
1962:
1953:
1949:
1937:
1933:
1924:
1917:
1902:
1898:
1883:
1874:
1857:
1856:
1847:
1840:
1824:
1820:
1813:
1796:
1792:
1777:
1773:
1758:
1749:
1741:
1737:
1730:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1687:
1683:
1676:
1660:
1656:
1645:
1641:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1613:on 10 July 2017
1605:
1604:
1600:
1595:
1577:Benteng Chinese
1563:
1500:Suryadharma Ali
1494:Zainuddin M. Z.
1436:
1429:
1421:
1412:
1401:
1392:
1379:
1370:
1363:
1354:
1347:
1252:
1246:
1190:
1116:
1039:
1037:Dance and drama
1012:Gambang kromong
997:
948:style is Rumah
861:
855:
819:
727:. The Catholic
640:
639:
638:
637:
633:
631:
623:
621:
613:
611:
603:
601:
593:
591:
583:
575:
563:informal sector
544:
496:Betawi language
479:
477:Betawi language
473:
345:
295:
195:
191:
186:
166:
141:
139:
135:
118:
116:
112:
95:
93:
89:
72:
70:
44:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4475:
4465:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4432:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4402:
4400:
4399:Relaated etnic
4396:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4386:
4384:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4376:
4370:
4368:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4349:
4347:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4322:Jawi Peranakan
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4281:
4269:
4266:
4265:
4251:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4228:
4221:
4220:
4208:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4169:
4157:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4125:Betawi cuisine
4121:
4119:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4100:
4098:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4029:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3858:Istana Merdeka
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3824:
3822:Bank Indonesia
3819:
3813:
3811:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3786:Tebet Eco Park
3783:
3778:
3776:Merdeka Square
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3726:
3724:Ciliwung river
3720:
3718:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3663:
3661:
3655:
3654:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3596:
3595:
3588:
3581:
3573:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3503:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3489:Maluku Chinese
3486:
3481:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3452:Black Dutchmen
3443:
3441:
3440:Non-indigenous
3437:
3436:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3349:
3347:
3345:Maluku Islands
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3234:
3232:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3094:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2979:
2977:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2950:
2945:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2815:
2810:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2788:
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2769:
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2723:
2718:
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2711:
2706:
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2691:
2685:
2683:
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2674:
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2597:
2592:
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2557:
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2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2442:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2415:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2368:
2367:External links
2365:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2353:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2284:
2257:
2238:
2216:
2203:
2181:
2163:
2145:
2136:"Betawi style"
2127:
2101:
2083:
2070:
2043:
2032:
2006:
1988:
1976:
1960:
1947:
1931:
1915:
1896:
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1521:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1481:
1478:Ismail Marzuki
1475:
1469:
1463:
1454:
1435:
1434:Notable people
1432:
1431:
1430:
1422:
1415:
1413:
1402:
1395:
1393:
1380:
1373:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1250:Betawi cuisine
1248:Main article:
1245:
1242:
1189:
1186:
1150:jagoan kampung
1115:
1112:
1068:Barong Landung
1038:
1035:
996:
993:
946:rumah panggung
922:rumah panggung
854:
851:
818:
815:
810:
809:
804:
798:
797:
794:
790:
789:
786:
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749:
746:
701:Muslim culture
632:
622:
612:
608:Roman Catholic
602:
592:
582:
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577:
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571:
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475:Main article:
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27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4474:
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4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4452:Betawi people
4450:
4448:
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4444:
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4427:
4424:
4422:
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4414:
4412:
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4348:
4344:
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4335:
4333:
4332:Betawi people
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
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4303:
4300:
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4207:
4197:
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4193:
4180:
4179:
4174:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4146:
4145:
4142:
4136:
4133:
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3230:Sunda Islands
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2041:
2036:
2021:
2017:
2010:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1985:
1980:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1957:
1951:
1944:
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1928:
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1729:9781782382690
1725:
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1702:0-8108-4935-6
1698:
1694:
1693:
1685:
1677:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1665:Jakarta Malay
1658:
1650:
1643:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1598:
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1565:
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1536:Ayu Ting Ting
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1524:Surya Saputra
1522:
1519:
1516:
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1510:
1507:
1504:
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1498:
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1466:Benyamin Sueb
1464:
1462:
1458:
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1427:
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1419:
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1391:
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1389:Asinan Betawi
1385:
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1377:
1372:
1369:
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1361:
1356:
1353:
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1345:
1340:
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1319:semur jengkol
1316:
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1199:
1194:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1146:mock fighting
1143:
1138:
1136:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1111:
1109:
1108:
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1096:
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1005:
1001:
992:
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986:
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978:
974:
970:
966:
961:
959:
958:North Jakarta
955:
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947:
943:
939:
936:
932:
928:
924:
923:
914:
909:
905:
903:
899:
898:South Jakarta
894:
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869:
865:
860:
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848:
839:
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832:
828:
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709:
706:
702:
698:
697:North Jakarta
694:
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687:
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675:
671:
669:
665:
661:
657:
656:
651:
650:
645:
629:
619:
609:
599:
598:Protestantism
589:
581:
570:
568:
564:
560:
556:
555:
550:
539:
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533:
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521:
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358:
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349:
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334:
330:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
302:Betawi people
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
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244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
218:
215:
210:
206:
202:
198:
197:Protestantism
194:
189:
185:
184:Predominantly
181:
176:
173:
169:
165:
161:
156:
152:
150:
149:
133:
129:
127:
126:
110:
106:
104:
103:
87:
83:
80:
67:
62:
59:
52:
47:
40:
35:
32:Betawi people
26:
22:
4331:
4270:
4176:
4164:
4152:
4038:TransJakarta
3707:
3696:Demographics
3672:Sunda Kelapa
3635:West Jakarta
3630:East Jakarta
3068:Tau Taa Wana
2688:
2496:Talang Mamak
2427:
2356:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2316:Bibliography
2301:. Retrieved
2297:
2287:
2275:. Retrieved
2270:
2260:
2251:
2241:
2232:
2206:
2198:the original
2193:
2184:
2175:
2166:
2157:
2148:
2139:
2130:
2118:. Retrieved
2113:
2104:
2095:
2086:
2078:
2073:
2061:. Retrieved
2056:
2046:
2035:
2023:. Retrieved
2019:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1983:
1979:
1971:
1963:
1955:
1950:
1942:
1934:
1926:
1909:
1899:
1890:
1867:the original
1862:
1828:
1821:
1800:
1793:
1784:
1774:
1765:
1742:
1738:
1718:
1711:
1691:
1684:
1664:
1657:
1648:
1642:
1633:
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1611:the original
1601:
1587:Cocos Malays
1502:, politician
1423:
1409:
1404:
1387:
1381:
1365:
1349:
1332:
1329:gabus pucung
1328:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1253:
1225:
1222:maen pukulan
1221:
1215:
1211:
1204:Silat Betawi
1202:
1188:Martial arts
1178:
1175:circumcision
1170:
1166:
1164:
1157:
1154:firecrackers
1149:
1142:palang pintu
1141:
1139:
1132:
1126:
1105:
1103:
1091:
1085:
1075:
1066:
1053:
1051:
1031:Si Jali-jali
1009:
988:
984:
976:
973:rumah gudang
972:
969:rumah kebaya
968:
965:rumah bapang
964:
962:
945:
921:
918:
901:
890:
882:
878:
876:
868:Rumah kebaya
853:Architecture
843:
834:
831:Ujung Serong
830:
826:
813:
806:
801:
764:Christianity
723:and adopted
717:
713:Cina Benteng
693:Kampung Tugu
683:
659:
653:
647:
641:
579:
558:
552:
545:
501:
462:
459:
419:Minangkabaus
397:bought from
385:
372:
362:
338:
329:ethnic group
326:Austronesian
314:Orang Betawi
313:
309:
305:
301:
300:
286:Minangkabaus
251:Cocos Malays
192:
183:
163:
138:
115:
92:
57:
28:Ethnic group
25:
4272:Indonesians
4063:Jakarta LRT
4058:Jakarta MRT
3781:Ragunan Zoo
3414:Tanimbarese
3128:Ekari (Mee)
3003:Gorontaloan
2639:Aneuk Jamee
2634:Minangkabau
2590:Bugis-Malay
2481:Orang Rimba
2476:Orang Kuala
2429:Indonesians
2020:merdeka.com
1518:Julia Perez
1472:Imam Syafei
1445:performance
1383:Soto Betawi
1351:Kerak telor
1290:kerak telor
1274:soto betawi
1180:the Lebaran
1055:Ondel-ondel
1046:Ondel-ondel
985:gigi balang
981:gabled roof
977:rumah joglo
833:(male) and
827:Baju Demang
725:Catholicism
715:community.
644:Sunni Islam
588:Sunni Islam
567:Jabodetabek
324:"), are an
241:Cape Malays
201:Catholicism
153:1.4 million
130:2.6 million
107:2.7 million
4441:Categories
4327:Klingalese
4043:Metrotrans
4033:Jak Lingko
3848:Parliament
3553:Portuguese
3511:Klingalese
2953:Orang Laut
2791:Lun Bawang
2765:Kalimantan
2721:Kangeanese
2714:Tenggerese
2704:Banyumasan
2699:Cirebonese
2543:Toba Batak
2538:Simalungun
2528:Mandailing
2491:Petalangan
2446:Aboriginal
2254:. Jakarta.
2235:. Jakarta.
2063:12 January
2057:KOMPAS.com
2025:12 January
1912:. Jakarta.
1893:. Jakarta.
1768:. Jakarta.
1675:9067180351
1593:References
1514:, comedian
1484:Fauzi Bowo
1425:Roti buaya
1324:sayur asem
1184:festival.
1159:roti buaya
1114:Ceremonies
1024:Portuguese
915:in Marunda
883:rumah toko
857:See also:
758:6,607,019
686:Portuguese
652:(prayer),
439:Portuguese
435:Mardijkers
318:Indonesian
281:Mardijkers
193:Minorities
172:Indonesian
4346:By states
4317:Pakistani
4206:Indonesia
4097:Hospitals
4048:Minitrans
4025:Transport
3948:Landmarks
3882:Education
3810:Economics
3801:UI Forest
3717:Geography
3608:Divisions
3548:Pakistani
3543:Mardijker
3494:Peranakan
3295:Manggarai
3278:Lamaholot
3138:Ketengban
3058:Sangirese
3038:Mongondow
3033:Minahasan
3028:Mandarese
3008:Kalumpang
2941:Pontianak
2912:Punan Bah
2828:Uma Baka'
2803:Apo Kayan
2782:Apo Duat
2753:Bantenese
2743:Sundanese
2656:Palembang
2277:10 August
2273:. Jakarta
1972:NU Online
1832:. BRILL.
1649:Indonesia
1530:Iko Uwais
1512:Mpok Nori
1508:, actress
1490:2007–2012
1451:Si Pitung
1367:Gado-gado
1334:gado-gado
1296:nasi ulam
1284:nasi uduk
1279:soto kaki
1265:Sundanese
1257:Peranakan
1087:Jaipongan
1073:Sundanese
1022:music of
954:Cilincing
950:Si Pitung
913:Si Pitung
887:shophouse
870:, Betawi
840:(female).
807:6,800,943
745:Religions
708:Peranakan
689:Mardijker
664:pesantren
526:Chinese,
520:Sundanese
411:Sundanese
369:Indonesia
310:Batavians
291:Sundanese
158:Languages
125:West Java
79:Indonesia
58:7 million
4302:Bengalis
4297:Punjabis
4154:Category
3838:Governor
3831:Politics
3796:GBK Park
3761:Kota Tua
3729:Flooding
3667:Timeline
3528:Japanese
3501:Filipino
3469:Chindian
3464:Armenian
3387:Ambonese
3370:Manusela
3353:Moluccan
3305:Rotenese
3258:Bimanese
3253:Balinese
3248:Bali Aga
3018:Makassar
2998:Bonerate
2993:Butonese
2983:Buginese
2975:Sulawesi
2900:Bakumpai
2888:Ma'anyan
2883:Lawangan
2878:Ot Danum
2842:Kendayan
2726:Madurese
2694:Javanese
2666:Simeulue
2627:Sakuddei
2622:Mentawai
2503:Acehnese
2303:5 August
2190:"Lenong"
1787:: 25–29.
1617:24 April
1561:See also
1538:, singer
1506:Omaswati
1410:kue tete
1337:Betawi.
1308:ketoprak
1269:Javanese
1234:Cingkrik
1217:pribumis
1208:The Raid
1198:Kota Tua
1173:(Muslim
1171:khitanan
1082:European
1077:Badawang
1064:Balinese
1020:kroncong
1016:Tanjidor
1004:Kroncong
892:kampungs
784:Hinduism
774:Buddhism
768:151,429
628:Hinduism
618:Buddhism
590:(97.14%)
573:Religion
569:region.
516:Madurese
486:Jakartan
471:Language
464:kampungs
427:Makassar
423:Buginese
415:Javanese
403:Ambonese
392:Balinese
271:Makassar
266:Javanese
236:Buginese
231:Balinese
221:Ambonese
205:Buddhism
203:(0.6%),
199:(1.6%),
190:(97.1%)
178:Religion
4462:Jakarta
4383:Cuisine
4312:Sindhis
4218:Jakarta
4192:Portals
4166:Commons
4135:Outline
3677:Batavia
3659:History
3600:Jakarta
3479:Benteng
3474:Chinese
3447:African
3424:Togutil
3397:Wai Apu
3382:Ambelau
3330:Sumbawa
3228:Lesser
3203:Waropen
3183:Sentani
3148:Korowai
3118:Damalme
3103:Amungme
3073:Torajan
2917:Bukitan
2905:Meratus
2859:Mualang
2837:Bidayuh
2786:Kelabit
2671:Singkil
2651:Haloban
2615:Serdang
2605:Langkat
2565:Lampung
2550:Enggano
2518:Angkola
2438:Sumatra
2120:13 July
1571:Jakarta
1567:Batavia
1405:Kue ape
1244:Cuisine
1226:maen po
1177:), and
1167:sunatan
1060:Chinese
989:langkan
902:kampung
817:Culture
802:Overall
778:39,278
705:Chinese
660:Sekolah
630:(0.02%)
620:(0.57%)
610:(0.62%)
551:(FBR),
542:Society
524:Hokkien
455:Indians
451:Chinese
377:Batavia
353:coolies
333:Jakarta
322:Batavia
102:Jakarta
4447:Betawi
4178:Portal
4118:Others
3602:topics
3538:Korean
3533:Jewish
3506:Indian
3429:Wemale
3419:Tobelo
3409:Lisela
3404:Kayeli
3375:Nuaulu
3288:Loloan
3268:Helong
3208:Wolani
3198:Wambon
3193:Tobati
3158:Marind
3143:Kombai
3078:Mamasa
3048:Pamona
2988:Bungku
2871:Tidung
2847:Selako
2823:Lebbo'
2818:Kenyah
2796:Sa'ban
2773:Banjar
2731:Bawean
2689:Betawi
2661:Rejang
2585:Asahan
2575:Lembak
2533:Pakpak
2214:61-71.
1836:
1809:
1726:
1699:
1672:
1651:: 156.
1443:Lenong
1331:, and
1302:asinan
1267:, and
1212:jagoan
1182:Betawi
1135:shaman
1107:lenong
1095:Betawi
1093:Topeng
1048:Betawi
927:stilts
879:gedong
847:dramas
836:kebaya
796:2,056
793:Others
788:1,161
748:Total
733:Bekasi
679:Bekasi
649:Sholat
634:
626:
624:
616:
614:
606:
604:
600:(1.6%)
596:
594:
586:
584:
530:, and
528:Arabic
489:Creole
453:, and
425:, and
407:Malays
395:slaves
381:Batavi
373:Betawi
365:creole
306:Batavi
276:Malays
168:Betawi
164:Native
148:Banten
145:
122:
99:
76:
3558:Totok
3516:Tamil
3365:Alune
3360:Alfur
3335:Tetum
3325:Sumba
3320:Sikka
3310:Sasak
3283:Malay
3273:Kemak
3263:Bunak
3243:Atoni
3188:Tehit
3173:Nduga
3113:Bauzi
3108:Asmat
3090:Papua
3053:Rampi
3023:Malay
3013:Lindu
2963:Suluk
2958:Bajau
2936:Berau
2931:Malay
2895:Ngaju
2866:Murut
2813:Kayan
2808:Bahau
2778:Dayak
2748:Baduy
2738:Malay
2709:Osing
2600:Lahat
2580:Malay
2560:Kluet
2513:Batak
2486:Sakai
2471:Mante
2461:Bonai
2456:Batin
1569:(now
1314:rujak
1261:Malay
1238:Beksi
1230:Beksi
995:Music
935:Bugis
931:Malay
838:encim
754:Islam
655:Silat
532:Dutch
492:Malay
447:Arabs
443:Dutch
431:Indos
388:Dutch
351:Many
308:, or
256:Indos
188:Islam
3771:SCBD
3744:2020
3739:2013
3734:2007
3523:Indo
3459:Arab
3392:Buru
3315:Savu
3300:Nage
3238:Abui
3218:Yaur
3213:Yali
3178:Sawi
3168:Moni
3153:Lani
3133:Fayu
3123:Dani
3098:Abun
3063:Seko
3043:Muna
2948:Moro
2922:Krio
2854:Iban
2681:Java
2646:Nias
2610:Riau
2595:Deli
2570:Laut
2555:Gayo
2523:Karo
2508:Alas
2466:Lubu
2451:Akit
2305:2016
2279:2015
2122:2020
2065:2023
2027:2023
1943:JPNN
1834:ISBN
1807:ISBN
1802:2021
1724:ISBN
1697:ISBN
1670:ISBN
1619:2021
1386:and
1277:and
1232:and
1071:and
1052:The
1014:and
1010:The
1006:Tugu
967:(or
933:and
737:mass
518:and
401:and
399:Bali
3163:Mek
1408:or
1169:or
1097:or
971:),
829:or
316:in
4443::
2296:.
2269:.
2250:.
2231:.
2219:^
2192:.
2174:.
2156:.
2138:.
2112:.
2094:.
2055:.
2018:.
1999:.
1970:.
1941:.
1918:^
1908:.
1889:.
1875:^
1861:.
1848:^
1783:.
1764:.
1750:^
1486:,
1459:,
1327:,
1321:,
1317:,
1311:,
1305:,
1299:,
1293:,
1287:,
1281:,
1263:,
1259:,
1236:.
1101:.
960:.
956:,
849:.
695:,
449:,
445:,
441:,
437:,
433:,
421:,
417:,
413:,
409:,
304:,
55:c.
4247:e
4240:t
4233:v
4194::
3592:e
3585:t
3578:v
2411:e
2404:t
2397:v
2307:.
2281:.
2124:.
2067:.
2029:.
1842:.
1815:.
1732:.
1705:.
1678:.
1621:.
1573:)
1129:)
1125:(
1062:-
885:(
662:(
498:)
494:(
359:.
312:(
23:.
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