117:
Following his assumption of power in 1965, Mobutu progressively eliminated the Binza group in favor of a personalised and authoritarian method of rule. Some of its members were appointed ambassadors and sent abroad, largely to keep them from posing a political threat to the regime. A few were later
105:
The Binza Group was generally dissatisfied with Joseph Kasa-Vubu's leadership of the Congo as president and with the unruly nature of
Parliament. Adoula was frequently supported by and in touch with the Binza group, but was not one of its members. He included its input in all important governmental
60:
as a neighborhood for upper class whites. By the 1960s the area was no longer segregated, but its expensive rents and lack of service from public transport limited its most of its
Congolese residents to leading politicians and civil servants. The Binza group earned its name from this suburb, since
109:
With the possibility of national elections approaching in the near-future, in early 1963 members of the Binza group and other figures in the central government tried to organize new political parties that could win in such contests and hopefully secure their position in power. Despite significant
93:
described it as an "association of friends of Mobutu". Ethnically and regionally diverse in membership, it exerted influence through its control of key government institutions. It enjoyed the support of the United States
110:
resources and energy being devoted to these projects, these efforts largely failed to cultivate active bases of support among provincial leaders and the public. The Binza group's influence in government declined while
69:
The Binza group was created in
September 1960 and emerged as the preeminent political faction in Congolese politics in late 1961. Among its key members were Mobutu, who commanded the army;
74:
61:
many of its members maintained residences within it and met there. In
American and Egyptian circles the group was respectively known as the Binza Boys or the Binza government.
159:
29:
421:
395:
320:
355:
334:
33:
40:, the clique played a major role in directing state policy, especially during the tenure of Prime Minister
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to provide it with advice and financing. The existence of the group was not widely known until mid-1962.
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371:. American Studies (reprint ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
451:
376:
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82:
57:
25:
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89:; and Damien Kandolo, a secretary in the Ministry of Interior. Politician
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was prime minister, but it helped orchestrate his removal from power.
53:
44:, and enjoyed the covert backing of the United States government.
284:
185:
183:
181:
140:
347:
Historical
Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
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178:
272:
260:
236:
207:
128:
433:
226:
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222:
412:
The Congo, From
Leopold to Kabila: A People's History
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A new paradigm of the
African state: fundi wa Afrika
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195:
409:
160:"Congo : le groupe de Binza passe Ă l'action"
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404:
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118:arrested and accused of subversive activities.
368:City Politics: A Study of Léopoldville 1962–63
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290:
189:
47:
364:
350:(4th ed.). Rowman & Littlefield.
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435:. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
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450:
430:
266:
230:
213:
201:
36:) in the early 1960s. Led by General
416:(3rd ed.). New York: Palgrave.
384:wa Muiu, Mueni; Martin, Guy (2009).
28:active within the government of the
344:Kisangani, Emizet Francois (2016).
13:
14:
474:
319:De Groof, Matthias, ed. (2020).
34:Democratic Republic of the Congo
81:, a frequent foreign minister;
312:
152:
1:
121:
7:
431:Young, M. Crawford (1965).
96:Central Intelligence Agency
10:
479:
166:(in French). 1 August 2005
87:National Bank of the Congo
64:
406:Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges
365:LaFontaine, J.S. (2008).
291:wa Muiu & Martin 2009
190:wa Muiu & Martin 2009
56:that was developed after
48:Background and etymology
327:Leuven University Press
98:, which directed agent
85:, the president of the
73:, the director of the
52:Binza was a suburb of
147:Nzongola-Ntalaja 2007
30:Republic of the Congo
79:Justin Marie Bomboko
38:Joseph-Désiré Mobutu
322:Lumumba in the Arts
305:, pp. 101–102.
293:, pp. 125–126.
269:, pp. 380–381.
216:, pp. 379–380.
423:978-1-84277-053-5
397:978-0-230-61831-2
281:, pp. 51–52.
91:Cléophas Kamitatu
470:
463:Mobutu Sese Seko
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22:groupe de Binza
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303:Kisangani 2016
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271:
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247:
245:, p. 101.
243:Kisangani 2016
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233:, p. 380.
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204:, p. 379.
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192:, p. 125.
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151:
149:, p. 125.
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71:Victor Nendaka
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42:Cyrille Adoula
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336:9789462701748
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279:De Groof 2020
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257:, p. 51.
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164:Jeune Afrique
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112:MoĂŻse Tshombe
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458:Congo Crisis
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390:. Springer.
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168:. Retrieved
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100:Larry Devlin
83:Albert Ndele
68:
58:World War II
54:LĂ©opoldville
51:
26:ginger group
21:
17:
15:
313:Works cited
32:(presently
18:Binza group
452:Categories
325:. Leuven:
267:Young 1965
231:Young 1965
214:Young 1965
202:Young 1965
122:References
377:237883398
106:actions.
20:(French:
408:(2007).
24:) was a
170:7 April
65:History
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437:OCLC
418:ISBN
392:ISBN
373:OCLC
352:ISBN
331:ISBN
172:2024
16:The
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