6035:
6036:
74:
5912:
5900:
5888:
81:
1126:
1309:
1273:
151:
101:
1255:
1291:
1237:
4155:
1076:
1219:
1187:
4660:
4781:
284:
4731:
1327:
5924:
1159:
1094:
1341:
4857:
4533:
4432:
4310:
4302:
4294:
2974:
1112:
1022:
5876:
4132:
10254:
4956:). Russia took full responsibility for all the rights and obligations of the USSR under the Charter of the United Nations, including the financial obligations, and assumed control over its nuclear stockpile and the armed forces; Soviet embassies abroad became Russian embassies. On 25 December – just hours after Gorbachev resigned as president of the Soviet Union – the Russian SFSR was renamed the Russian Federation (Russia), reflecting that it was now a sovereign state with Yeltsin assuming the
10266:
2181:
6830:
Constituent
Assembly decides: the Russian state is proclaimed by the Russian Democratic Federal Republic, uniting peoples and regions in an indissoluble union, within the limits established by the federal constitution. Of course, the above resolution, which did not thoroughly regulate the entire system of federal relations, was not considered by the authorities as having legal force, especially after the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly.'
5706:
1058:
1173:
1746:
150:
1201:
257:
4080:
1040:
1004:
986:
4345:
severe drought, contributed to a famine that caused between 3 and 10 million deaths. Coal production decreased from 27.5 million tons (1913) to 7 million tons (1920), while overall factory production also declined from 10,000 million roubles to 1,000 million roubles. According to the noted historian David
Christian, the grain harvest was also slashed from 80.1 million tons (1913) to 46.5 million tons (1920).
258:
5510:, which existed until 9 January 1957 when the ChIASSR was re-established though only the southern border's original shape was retained. It declared sovereignty on 27 November 1990 as the Chechen-Ingush Republic. On 8 June 1991, the 2nd Chechen National Congress proclaimed a separate Chechen-Republic (Noxchi-Cho) and on 6 September began a coup which overthrew the Soviet local government.
270:
269:
262:
4422:, the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, being a part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, devolves to the Union the powers which according to Article 1 of the Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics are included within the scope of responsibilities of the government bodies of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
267:
265:
4945:. Although the 12 December vote is sometimes reckoned as the moment that the RSFSR seceded from the collapsing Soviet Union, this is not the case. It appears that the RSFSR took the line that it did not need to follow the secession process delineated in the Soviet Constitution because it was not possible to secede from a country that no longer existed.
261:
266:
260:
264:
268:
263:
5004:(1917–1946) and Council of Ministers (1946–1991). The first government was headed by Vladimir Lenin as Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR and the last by Boris Yeltsin as both head of government and head of state under the title of president. The Russian SFSR was controlled by the
6169:
5621:
As noted by
Corresponding Member RAS RAS V. I. Suslov, who took part in large-scale studies of the relationship between the economies of the republics of the USSR and the RSFSR in the late Soviet era: "The degree of inequality of economic exchange was very high, and Russia was always the losing side.
1998:
The RSFSR dominated the Soviet Union to a significant extent. For most of its existence, the Soviet Union was commonly (but incorrectly) referred to as "Russia". While the RSFSR itself was only one republic within the larger union, it was the largest, most powerful and most highly developed of the 15
1551:
and
Siberia, trailing in production to only the United States and Saudi Arabia. In 1974, there were 475 institutes of higher education in the republic providing education in 47 languages to some 23,941,000 students. A network of territorially organized public-health services provided health care. The
4922:
and geopolitical reality". However, based on the historical community of peoples and relations between the three states, as well as bilateral treaties, the desire for a democratic rule of law, the intention to develop their relations based on mutual recognition and respect for state sovereignty, the
4213:
issued a decree, proclaiming Russia a democratic federal republic under the name "Russian
Democratic Federal Republic". However, the Bolsheviks dissolved the Assembly on the following day and declared its decrees null and void. Conversely, the Bolsheviks also reserved a number of vacant seats in the
5813:
The flag of the
Russian SFSR changed numerous times, with the original being a field of red with the Russian name of the republic written on the flag's centre in white. This flag had always been intended to be temporary, as it was changed less than a year after its adoption. The second flag had the
4344:
increasingly replacing money as a medium of exchange and, by 1921, heavy industry output had fallen to 20% of 1913 levels. 90% of wages were paid with goods rather than money. 70% of locomotives were in need of repair, and food requisitioning, combined with the effects of seven years of war and a
4931:
by an overwhelming majority: 188 votes for, 6 against and 7 abstentions. The legality of this ratification raised doubts among some members of the
Russian parliament, since according to the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1978 consideration of this document was in the exclusive jurisdiction of the
6829:
However, historically, the first proclamation of the federation was made somewhat earlier – by the
Constituent Assembly of Russia. In his short resolution of 6 (18) January 1918, the following was enshrined: 'In the name of the peoples, the state of the Russian constituent, the All-Russian
214:
236:
238:
237:
1706:
after recall of its members by the several union republics). After the dissolution, Russia took full responsibility for all the rights and obligations of the USSR under the
Charter of the United Nations, including the financial obligations. As such, Russia assumed the Soviet Union's
222:
231:
230:
235:
234:
226:
210:
208:
228:
5606:
became the starting point of the state's economic activity. In March 1921, at the X Congress of the RCP (B), the tasks of the policy of "war communism" were recognized by the country's leadership as fulfilled, and a new economic policy was introduced at Lenin's suggestion.
223:
221:
220:
209:
232:
229:
225:
218:
216:
215:
213:
212:
211:
206:
5614:(State General Planning Commission) of the RSFSR, which replaced GOELRO, was reorganized into the Gosplan of the USSR. His early task was to develop a unified national economic plan based on the electrification plan and to oversee the overall implementation of this plan.
256:
233:
227:
180:
177:
219:
217:
207:
224:
239:
5108:
and on 18 October 1991 declared its independence. The
Russian constitutional court overturned the declaration on 13 March 1992. In February 1994, a separate agreement was reached with Moscow on the status of Tatarstan as an associate state in Russia with confederate
184:
186:
185:
5617:
Unlike the previous Russian constitutions, the 1978 Constitution devoted an entire chapter (Chapter II) to the description of the economic system of the RSFSR, which defined the types of property and indicated the goals of the economic tasks of the state.
183:
182:
176:
178:
174:
179:
173:
172:
171:
181:
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205:
5339:
was renamed and partitioned. Upon the ratification of the new Soviet constitution, the ASSR was elevated into a full Union Republic on 3 December 1936. On 25 October 1990, it declared sovereignty and on 16 December 1991 its independence as the
259:
4979:
On 21 April 1992, the Congress of People's Deputies of Russia approved the renaming of the RSFSR into the Russian Federation, by making appropriate amendments to the Constitution, which entered into force since publication on 16 May 1992.
1638:
destabilised the Soviet Union. Following these events, Gorbachev lost all his remaining power, with Yeltsin superseding him as the pre-eminent figure in the country. On 8 December 1991, the heads of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the
5436:. On 9 January 1957, Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast was re-established in its present borders, first as a part of Stavropol Krai and from 19 July 1958 as a part of the Kalmyk ASSR. On 18 October 1990, it declared sovereignty as the Kalmyk SSR.
5582:
1647:(CIS) as a loose replacement confederation. On 12 December, the agreement was ratified by the Supreme Soviet (the parliament of the Russian SFSR); therefore the Russian SFSR had renounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and
4750:. On 8 February 1955, Malenkov was officially demoted to deputy Prime Minister. As First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikita Khrushchev's authority was significantly enhanced by Malenkov's demotion.
4891:, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, Yeltsin strongly supported the President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev. On 23 August, Yeltsin, in the presence of Gorbachev, signed a decree suspending all activity by the
4940:
and recalled all Russian deputies from the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. A number of lawyers believe that the denunciation of the union treaty was meaningless since it became invalid in 1924 with the adoption of the
5518:
in early 1993. In response, the western Ingush districts after a referendum on 28 November 1991 were organised into an Ingush Republic which was officially established on 4 June 1992 by decree of Russian President as the
149:
4846:
4816:
803:
1482:
of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991, the last two years of the existence of the USSR. The Russian SFSR was composed of sixteen smaller constituent units of
6419:
1546:
The economy of Russia became heavily industrialized, accounting for about two-thirds of the electricity produced in the USSR. By 1961, it was the third largest producer of petroleum due to new discoveries in the
4198:. The state it governed, which did not have an official name, would be unrecognized by neighboring countries for another five months. The initial stage of the October Revolution which involved the assault on
6860:
3193:
3132:
170:
6964:
6430:
203:
5610:
After the formation of the Soviet Union, the economy of the RSFSR became an integral part of the economy of the USSR. The economic program of the RSFSR (NEP) was continued in all union republics. The
555:
7119:
3117:
10760:
6173:
3963:
3942:
3921:
3900:
3812:
2721:
6995:
6145:"Law of the USSR of 14 March 1990 N 1360-I 'On the establishment of the office of the President of the USSR and the making of changes and additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the USSR'"
3796:
5458:. Upon the return of the Balkars, the KBASSR is re-instated on 9 January 1957. On 31 January 1991, the republic declared sovereignty as the Kabardino-Balkar SSR and from 10 March 1992 as the
4936:. However, by this time the Soviet government had been rendered more or less impotent, and was in no position to object. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR denounced the
4952:
that by agreement of the member states of the CIS the Russian Federation would assume the membership of the Soviet Union in all UN organs (including the Soviet Union's permanent seat on the
204:
2419:
5013:
4892:
3804:
1591:
stated that " Union Republic is a sovereign state that has united in the Union" and "each Union Republic shall retain the right freely to secede from the USSR". On 12 June 1990, the
168:
9173:
8209:
7483:
7304:Закон Российской Федерации от 21 апреля 1992 года № 2708-I «Об изменениях и дополнениях Конституции (Основного Закона) Российской Советской Федеративной Социалистической Республики»
5278:
5274:
4407:
in 1913, and Lenin's goal of 8.8 billion kWh was reached in 1931. National power output continued to increase significantly. It reached 13.5 billion kWh by the end of the
4353:
3422:
6652:
5314:
106:
4514:
The final name for the republic during the Soviet era was adopted by the Russian Constitution of 1937, which renamed it the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR).
5364:. Upon the ratification of the new Soviet constitution, the ASSR was elevated into a full Union Republic on 3 December 1936. On 12 December 1990, it declared sovereignty as the
6496:
The Bolsheviks' enemies gave the name 'Sovdepia' to the area under the authority of the Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies. The comic-opera term was intended to mock .
4989:
5389:
4045:
1763:
9577:
9560:
5357:
5033:
4480:
1659:
283:
6814:"Round Table the Influence Of National Relations on the Development of the Federative State Structure and on the Social and Political Realities of the Russian Federation"
6327:
9607:
1643:. The agreement declared dissolution of the USSR by its original founding states (i.e., renunciation of the 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR) and established the
6119:. J. Davis. p. 58); the Mensheviks were allowed to legally hold a congress in 1920 and continued to be elected to the Congress of Soviets until being outlawed in 1921 (
169:
5336:
5165:. Initially composed of several national districts, one-by-one these left the republic until 7 November 1924 when the remains of the republic was partitioned into the
5112:
5260:
5174:
2484:
1695:
5808:
4418:
By the will of the peoples of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, who decided on the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics during the
2711:
86:
9550:
7458:
1922:) for the nascent state of the Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies. Speakers of colloquial English coined the term "Bololand" to refer to the land of the
6948:
73:
10775:
10070:
9570:
2716:
2535:
1905:
of the turbulent year of 1917. Initially, the new Soviet state did not have an official name and was not recognized by neighboring countries for five months.
10735:
10574:
10355:
8733:
5439:
5144:
2791:
2033:
At a total of about 17,125,200 km (6,612,100 sq mi), the Russian SFSR was the largest of the fifteen Soviet republics, with its southerly neighbor, the
1384:
9596:
9565:
5943:
4607:
1810:
1596:
1479:
5263:
into an ASSR. On 27 September 1990, it declared sovereignty as the Yakut-Sakha Soviet Socialist Republic. From 21 December 1991, it has been known as the
10785:
10770:
9555:
9507:
8426:
7617:
7166:
5479:
4765:
4399:
of the entire country. Soviet propaganda declared the plan was basically fulfilled by 1931. The national power output per year stood at 1.9 billion
4282:
2589:
2520:
1782:
1714:
The 1978 constitution of the Russian SFSR was amended several times to reflect the transition to democracy, private property and market economy. The new
8043:
7658:
5523:. The same decree de jure created a Chechen republic, although it would be established only on 3 June 1994 and carry out partial governance during the
6987:
9804:
6877:
6453:
1789:
6085:
5572:
5502:
until 22 March when the territory was portioned between North Ossetian and Dagestan ASSRs and the Georgian SSR. The remaining land was merged with
4641:
4365:
1516:
7395:
6148:
5303:. On 16 July 1956, it was downgraded in status to that of an ASSR and re-subordinated to RSFSR. It declared sovereignty on 13 October 1991 as the
5953:
5911:
5899:
5887:
4500:
3792:
2775:
4834:
9042:
6688:
5948:
5795:
of Russia. Though this image has a Western origin, Russians themselves have accepted it. The native Soviet Russian national personification is
5250:
4548:
was quickly advancing through the Russian SFSR, and was approximately 10 miles (16 km) away from Moscow. However, after the defeat in the
3879:
3776:
2935:
1796:
9502:
9115:
5292:
5242:
5184:
5162:
4933:
4691:
of the Japanese home islands remains in dispute with Japan and the United States following the peace treaty of 1951 ending the state of war.
3784:
3766:
601:
7212:
6634:
Penguin Books, London, 4th reprint (1983), pp. 257–258. The draft treaty was published for propaganda purposes in the 1921 British document
6398:
5347:
5075:
2017:, which it remains to this day. This name and "Russia" were specified as the official state names on 21 April 1992, in an amendment to the
5225:. Re-established on 12 February 1991, it declared sovereignty on 4 September of that year. On 5 May 1992, it declared independence as the
4564:
in which the Soviets suffered over 1,100,000 casualties, they achieved victory following the surrender of the last German troops near the
4285:
within the former Russian Empire had seceded, reducing the size of the country even more, although some were conquered by the Bolsheviks.
9687:
9657:
7923:
7652:
7451:
5270:
4476:
4108:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4049:
2525:
2349:
1778:
9944:
9904:
9814:
9625:
9141:
7883:
5420:
into an ASSR. On 27 December 1943, upon the deportation of the Kalmyks, the ASSR was disbanded and split between the newly established
5332:
5256:
5093:
4842:
3388:
1592:
687:
333:
6134:
Historical Dictionary of Socialism. James C. Docherty, Peter Lamb. Page 85. "The Soviet Union was a one-party Marxist-Leninist state."
5842:, with the main difference being a minor repositioning of the hammer and sickle and most notably adding a blue vertical stripe to the
10603:
10408:
9932:
9827:
9699:
9485:
7294:// Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian SFSR and Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR Daily. – 1992. – No. 2. – Article 62
5562:
5552:
4218:
for the opposition parties in proportion to their vote share at the Congress. At the same time, a number of prominent members of the
3956:
2302:
4976:). According to law, during 1992, it was allowed to use the old name of the RSFSR for official business (forms, seals, and stamps).
10446:
10350:
9837:
9754:
9647:
8808:
7611:
7568:
2425:
2057:
1298:
1131:
7340:
7156:
Decree of the President of the Russian SFSR 06.11. 1991 N169 "On activity of the CPSU and the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR"
6786:
6759:
6732:
6534:
had succeeded in gaining the confidence of the Soviet leaders and had thus been able to learn the inside story about Bolo affairs.
5072:
autonomous oblasts. The latter was part of the Kirgiz, then the Kazak ASSR until 1930 when it was directly subordinated to Moscow.
4895:
in the territory of Russia. On 6 November, he went further, banning the Communist Parties of the USSR and the RSFSR in the RSFSR.
9777:
9584:
9451:
8345:
8250:
8165:
7692:
7423:
4949:
4611:
4215:
3738:
3549:
1983:. The final Soviet name for the constituent republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, was adopted in the later
1370:
665:
5392:
into an ASSR. It declared sovereignty on 13 December 1990 as the Mordovian SSR. Since 25 January 1991, it has been known as the
4918:. The document, consisting of a preamble and fourteen articles, stated that the Soviet Union no longer existed "as a subject of
10780:
10740:
10550:
10302:
9475:
9320:
9049:
8466:
7501:
7444:
6324:
5859:
5222:
4361:
2636:
2217:
1965:
1604:
1418:
852:
80:
5299:
was integrated into the RSFSR's administrative structure. On 31 March 1940, it was elevated into a full Union republic as the
10629:
10516:
9962:
9463:
9429:
9417:
9412:
9303:
8561:
8224:
7903:
7634:
6931:
6887:
6796:
6769:
6742:
6670:
6656:
6199:
4942:
3565:
1548:
9889:
8945:
7198:
6356:
5009:
4884:
1631:
10488:
9999:
9767:
8895:
8607:
7860:
7640:
7586:
7496:
5045:
4865:
4634:
4065:
3935:
3742:
3695:
3233:
2653:
2470:
2354:
2247:
2212:
6947:
Courtois, Stéphane; Werth, Nicolas; Panné, Jean-Louis; Paczkowski, Andrzej; Bartošek, Karel; Margolin, Jean-Louis (1999).
6247:
1803:
10795:
10755:
9879:
9545:
9492:
9480:
8838:
7782:
7646:
7591:
7516:
6305:
5646:
5586:
5041:
5005:
4995:
4580:
4357:
2272:
2252:
1663:
790:
10377:
7068:
2755:
2159:
with Central Asia and East Asia. The area is rich in mineral resources, including petroleum, natural gas, and iron ore.
10609:
10365:
9927:
9922:
9642:
9590:
8340:
7959:
7576:
7506:
7491:
7287:
6921:
6297:
5443:
4937:
4928:
4924:
4877:
4838:
4828:
4820:
4274:
3730:
3720:
2928:
2673:
2544:
2379:
2297:
2227:
2222:
2207:
1976:
1942:
1719:
1644:
1620:
1584:
1580:
770:
7229:
5217:, now recognized as genocide, as collective punishment for alleged collaboration with the German occupation regime in
10805:
10790:
10614:
10179:
10130:
10063:
9874:
9602:
9204:
9108:
8773:
8662:
8597:
7898:
7757:
7581:
7552:
7542:
7377:
7052:
6958:
6709:
6593:
6482:
6278:
6224:
5214:
5001:
4492:
4257:, the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (RSFSR) was proclaimed. On 3 March 1918, the
4041:
4037:
4033:
4029:
3147:
2364:
2329:
2267:
2242:
2237:
2073:
1829:
10599:
10480:
10416:
10209:
10197:
10021:
10011:
9967:
9782:
9458:
9407:
9290:
8521:
8504:
8170:
7547:
5721:
5487:
5473:
5170:
4968:. The Soviet Union officially ceased to exist the next day. The change was originally published on 6 January 1992 (
4553:
3977:
3523:
3511:
3412:
2697:
2465:
2318:
2232:
195:
100:
17:
5716:
During its 76-year existence, the Russian SFSR anthem was the same as the Soviet anthem (unlike other republics):
1948:
Internationally, the Russian SFSR was recognized as an independent state in 1920 only by its bordering neighbors (
10765:
10687:
10570:
10421:
10360:
10214:
10202:
10058:
10043:
9957:
9859:
9441:
9261:
8315:
7853:
7557:
7537:
5866:, the flag of the Russian Federation was changed to the original civil ensign with its original 2:3 proportions.
5847:
5542:
4622:. The territory of the ASSR was divided between other administrative units of Russian SFSR and the Georgian SSR.
4504:
4419:
4254:
4101:
3716:
2892:
2599:
2553:
2339:
2277:
2262:
2006:
1930:
1687:
1180:
839:
669:
7247:Расчленёнка. Кто и как развалил Советский Союз: Хроника. Документы. — М., Закон и право. 1998. — C. 58. — 209 с.
6904:
5858:, with a notable difference of the flag ratio being 1:2 instead of the original 2:3 ratio. After 1993, when the
4238:) and local government (Trutovsky). Lenin's government also instituted a number of progressive measures such as
4222:
had assumed positions in Lenin's government and lead commissariats in several areas. This included agriculture (
1979:, Russia (the RSFSR), alongside the Transcaucasian SFSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Byelorussian SSR, formed the
10431:
10155:
10135:
9832:
9446:
9271:
9199:
8920:
8546:
7979:
7431:
6520:
6392:
5652:
5246:
5120:
5065:
4440:
4219:
4179:
3447:
3362:
2817:
2374:
2359:
2308:
2065:
1923:
1874:
1767:
1148:
35:
6843:
10692:
10441:
10226:
10053:
9917:
9869:
9630:
9424:
9298:
9281:
8716:
8431:
8255:
8215:
7969:
7893:
7888:
7792:
7467:
5831:
5576:
5375:
5234:
5069:
4914:
signed the "Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States", known in media as the
4318:
4239:
3670:
3500:
3215:
2921:
2907:
2641:
2395:
2313:
2191:
1866:
1711:, nuclear stockpile and the control over the armed forces; Soviet embassies abroad became Russian embassies.
1708:
1655:
1471:
952:
318:
5406:
into an ASSR. It declared sovereignty on 20 September 1990. Since 11 October 1991, it has been known as the
10745:
10677:
10541:
10531:
10370:
9822:
9497:
9392:
9193:
9101:
9002:
8982:
8885:
8536:
8486:
8350:
8195:
8160:
7843:
5656:
5515:
5124:
4804:
4523:
4270:
4210:
3914:
3893:
3384:
2902:
2857:
2812:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2018:
1588:
1426:
124:
7316:
10662:
10436:
10103:
10085:
9851:
9709:
9670:
9637:
9327:
9315:
9231:
9133:
8900:
8637:
8509:
8416:
8370:
8360:
8325:
8205:
8080:
8065:
7719:
7685:
7097:
6112:
5846:
This version of the flag was used from 1954 all the way to 1991, where it was changed due to the ongoing
5226:
5116:
4154:
4025:
3872:
3788:
3538:
3261:
3245:
2389:
2041:
1984:
1564:" restructuring policies, including the introduction of non-state owned enterprises (e.g. cooperatives).
1377:
933:
6081:
5593:
subordinated directly to the RSFSR. It declared sovereignty on 3 July 1991 as the Karachay-Cherkess SSR.
10800:
10295:
10098:
10075:
10048:
8960:
8793:
8575:
8556:
8456:
8446:
8441:
8033:
7913:
7392:
7303:
5768:
5569:
was elevated into an ASSR. On 12 December 1990, it declared sovereignty as the Soviet Republic of Tyva.
5559:
into an ASSR. Declared Sovereignty on 22 December 1990 as the Mari Soviet Socialist Republic (Mari El).
5194:
4626:
4572:
4527:
4448:
4094:
3680:
3615:
3253:
2953:
2872:
2683:
2400:
2001:
it was an open secret that the country's federal structure was "window dressing" for Russian dominance.
1909:
1402:
lost all of its value due to overprinting. It would be replaced that same year by the new Soviet ruble.
1081:
6614:
6144:
10815:
10810:
10140:
10113:
10016:
9012:
8992:
8965:
8721:
8481:
8240:
8119:
8048:
7928:
6553:
5796:
5729:
5642:
5361:
5351:
5087:
5086:. On 11 October 1990, it declared its sovereignty, as the Bashkir SSR, which in 1992 was renamed the
3808:
3800:
3325:
3095:
2785:
1360:
10108:
6685:
5454:
on 8 April 1944, the republic is renamed as Kabardin ASSR and parts of its territory transferred to
10221:
8526:
8365:
8335:
8200:
8114:
8023:
7986:
7370:
7280:
5839:
5792:
5699:
5545:
into an ASSR. Declared sovereignty on 23 November 1990 as the Komi SSR and from 26 May 1992 as the
5417:
5403:
5166:
4961:
4472:
4369:
3457:
1723:
1671:
1611:
and stated that the RSFSR shall retain the right of free secession from the USSR. On 12 June 1991,
1412:
678:
542:
141:
6454:
Letter to the Secretary-General of the United Nations from the President of the Russian Federation
5923:
4659:
4325:
famine, killed an estimated 5 million, primarily affecting the Volga and Ural River regions.
1651:
declared Russia's independence from the USSR itself and the ties with the other Soviet republics.
10657:
10583:
10387:
9470:
9032:
9007:
8843:
8692:
8652:
8355:
8300:
8185:
8053:
6761:
The French Revolutionary Tradition in Russian and Soviet Politics, Political Thought, and Culture
6558:
5763:
is a recognizable symbol of the Russian SFSR (and the Soviet Union as a whole) and the towers of
5725:
5498:, on 7 March 1944 the ChIASSR was disbanded and the Grozny Okrug was temporarily administered by
5209:'s Army, ending the Russian Civil War in Europe. On 18 May 1944, it was reduced to the status of
4630:
4258:
3772:
3754:
3734:
3621:
3593:
3085:
2867:
1756:
1691:
786:
429:
248:
10536:
5490:
was elevated into an ASSR and subordinated to Moscow. Following the en masse deportation of the
2987:
2594:
10624:
10150:
9742:
9680:
8970:
8828:
8798:
8753:
8704:
8699:
8632:
8516:
8476:
8436:
8270:
8180:
8175:
7996:
7908:
7775:
7678:
6512:
The Big Show in Bololand: The American Relief Expedition to Soviet Russia in the Famine of 1921
5728:, which went on to become the anthem of independent Russia since 1991. In 2000, Vladimir Putin
5566:
5556:
5465:
5341:
5296:
4780:
4414:
Paragraph 3 of Chapter 1 of the 1925 Constitution of the RSFSR stated the following:
3303:
3181:
2991:
2726:
2626:
2022:
1715:
527:
10526:
6382:
5830:
reform was undertaken within the Soviet Union. This change incorporated an update for all the
2606:
10750:
10707:
10619:
10578:
10392:
10288:
10269:
9241:
8997:
8738:
8711:
8672:
8612:
8411:
8380:
8290:
8038:
7974:
6566:
5736:"Workers of the world, unite!" was commonly used and shared with other Soviet republics. The
5682:
Victory Day is the second most popular holiday in Russia as it commemorates the victory over
5238:
5105:
4911:
4730:
3603:
2897:
2882:
2760:
2515:
2496:
2010:
1908:
Anti-Bolsheviks soon suggested new names, however. By 1919 they had coined the mocking label
1894:
1608:
7436:
6474:
6189:
5476:
was raised into an ASSR. Declared sovereignty on 26 December 1990 as the North Ossetian SSR.
4853:", pitting the Soviet Union against the Russian Federation and other constituent republics.
4178:
The Soviet government first came to power on 7 November 1917, immediately after the interim
10555:
10031:
9894:
9714:
9512:
9226:
9027:
8935:
8930:
8682:
8617:
8375:
8310:
8305:
8295:
8265:
8260:
8220:
7727:
6571:- "Misused for: a Bolshevik. Also collective singular = the Bolshevists. Also attributive."
5834:
as well as for the flag of the Soviet Union itself. The flag of the Russian SFSR was now a
5668:
5622:
The product created by Russia largely supported the consumption of other union republics".
5393:
5382:. In 1964, it was renamed the Karakalpak ASSR. It declared sovereignty on 14 December 1990.
5286:
5282:
5079:
4664:
4561:
4541:
4408:
4243:
3577:
3380:
2827:
2822:
2802:
2568:
1600:
1045:
1027:
524:
509:
500:
489:
476:
466:
10118:
7118:
Constitution (Basic Law) of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (approved by
7018:"Source List and Detailed Death Tolls for the Primary Megadeaths of the Twentieth Century"
5875:
8:
10672:
10651:
10645:
10258:
9987:
9792:
9721:
9529:
9378:
9256:
9178:
9151:
9022:
8778:
8728:
8647:
8551:
8385:
8330:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8230:
8190:
8155:
8097:
8011:
7942:
7804:
5744:
are still widely seen in Russian cities as part of architectural decorations. The Soviet
5741:
5687:
5672:
5483:
5469:
5447:
5304:
5218:
5178:
5128:
5037:
4957:
4953:
4869:
4653:
4592:
4373:
4349:
3545:
3490:
3358:
3143:
2973:
2862:
1898:
1699:
1694:
on 26 December, which by that time was the only functioning parliamentary chamber of the
1624:
1484:
1393:
395:
4792:. Under his rule, the Russian SFSR and the rest of the Soviet Union went through a mass
4768:
were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the
2663:
10682:
10565:
10125:
10036:
9353:
9266:
9156:
9146:
8950:
8925:
8915:
8905:
8890:
8875:
8833:
8763:
8748:
8687:
8667:
8657:
8627:
8602:
8587:
8531:
8471:
8461:
8320:
8143:
8129:
8124:
8070:
8006:
7816:
7348:
7171:
6094:
6054:
6030:[rɐˈsʲijskəjəsɐˈvʲetskəjəfʲɪdʲɪrɐˈtʲivnəjəsətsɨəlʲɪˈsʲtʲitɕɪskəjərʲɪˈspublʲɪkə]
6005:[rɐˈsʲijskəjəsətsɨəlʲɪˈsʲtʲitɕɪskəjəfʲɪdʲɪrɐˈtʲivnəjəsɐˈvʲetskəjərʲɪˈspublʲɪkə]
5863:
5717:
5676:
5664:
5459:
5300:
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4754:
4743:
4699:
4695:
4649:
4452:
4195:
4191:
4183:
4168:
3859:
3823:
3762:
3750:
3658:
3611:
3351:
3249:
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3151:
3139:
3059:
2852:
2558:
2505:
1992:
1902:
1878:
1870:
1568:
539:
521:
160:
7418:
10667:
10233:
10173:
9952:
9738:
9434:
9236:
9221:
9163:
9068:
8820:
8788:
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8592:
8541:
8491:
8421:
8399:
8244:
8028:
7964:
7954:
7918:
7821:
7787:
7765:
7710:
7393:
Law "On Amendments and Additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the Russian SFSR"
7048:
6954:
6927:
6883:
6792:
6765:
6738:
6666:
6589:
6516:
6478:
6388:
6274:
6220:
6195:
5851:
5835:
5753:
5737:
5631:
5528:
5524:
5310:
5198:
5097:
5029:
4919:
4856:
4797:
4793:
4532:
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4309:
4301:
4293:
4278:
4203:
3746:
3710:
3706:
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3426:
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3396:
3271:
3257:
3241:
3208:
3161:
3014:
2962:
2780:
2706:
2563:
2137:
1988:
1937:. In July 1918, the fifth All-Russian Congress of Soviets adopted both the new name,
1640:
1635:
1616:
1553:
1488:
747:
6467:
5698:. Similar parades take place in all major Russian cities and cities with the status
4817:
Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
4788:
In 1964, Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his position of power and replaced with
4273:
of World War I. In July 1918, the fifth All-Russian Congress of Soviets adopted the
10345:
9017:
8955:
8910:
8853:
8758:
8677:
8642:
8451:
8102:
8001:
7809:
6029:
6004:
5986:
5546:
5532:
5421:
5326:
5321:
to Central Asia, the ASSR was disbanded. The territory was partitioned between the
5161:
was formed on 20 January 1921 after the Bolshevik Red Army evicted the short-lived
5152:
5148:
5140:
4915:
4824:
4549:
4227:
4223:
4187:
3702:
3561:
3479:
3436:
3229:
3219:
2573:
1915:
1890:
1882:
1862:
1520:
1492:
1262:
991:
816:
536:
518:
506:
473:
381:
349:
6465:
Mawdsley, Evan (2007). "Sovdepia: The Soviet Zone, October 1917 – November 1918".
6345:
5579:
declared sovereignty. Since 3 July 1991, it has been known as the Gorno-Altai SSR.
5514:, all authority passed to the self-proclaimed government which was renamed as the
10560:
10521:
10382:
10145:
9358:
9310:
9216:
9077:
9037:
8940:
8880:
8870:
8858:
8803:
8622:
8016:
7991:
7770:
7399:
7381:
7291:
7233:
6692:
6618:
6510:
6331:
6301:
6251:
6121:
6089:
5776:
5760:
5709:
5691:
5660:
5407:
5371:
5188:
4907:
4903:
4789:
4739:
4687:, making them part of the RSFSR. The status of the southernmost Kurils, north of
4684:
4464:
4396:
4247:
4231:
4145:
3842:
3376:
3314:
3292:
3171:
3064:
2765:
2668:
1572:
1557:
1536:
1467:
1117:
708:
503:
496:
493:
470:
308:
7134:
The Constitution (Basic Law) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
6547:
5253:
in March 2014, a move largely considered illegal by the international community.
5048:
were disbanded on 27 October 1924 and replaced by the Soviet Union republics of
30:"Soviet Russia" redirects here. For the former socialist nation as a whole, see
10702:
10697:
10165:
10093:
9373:
9363:
8975:
8848:
8109:
8075:
7799:
7752:
6244:
6077:
6050:
5855:
5764:
5655:(23 February), which honors Russian men, especially those serving in the army;
5590:
5503:
5499:
5433:
5429:
5385:
5322:
5264:
5230:
5210:
5025:
4965:
4456:
4404:
4262:
4235:
4137:
3400:
3392:
3336:
3281:
3048:
3034:
3003:
2877:
2688:
2125:
2117:
2089:
1969:
1886:
1847:
1735:
1683:
1679:
1675:
783:
734:
620:
6813:
6441:
The names Russian Federation and Russia have been equal since 25 December 1993
4587:
were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the invading
4368:
into a single federal state, the Soviet Union. The treaty was included in the
1623:
the first and only President of the RSFSR, a post that would later become the
10729:
10712:
10546:
10026:
9082:
8987:
8496:
8235:
7826:
7074:
6639:
5850:. The flag was changed to a design that resembled the original ensign of the
5815:
5784:
5603:
5507:
5495:
5425:
5318:
5206:
5158:
5136:
4873:
4758:
4747:
4703:
4680:
4615:
4576:
4383:, Russian abbreviation for "State Commission for Electrification of Russia" (
4337:
4266:
4084:
3780:
3468:
3418:
3105:
3075:
2887:
2750:
2678:
2631:
2415:
2081:
1987:. By that time, Soviet Russia had gained roughly the same borders of the old
1901:(Old Style: February). The October Revolution was thus the second of the two
1612:
1532:
1009:
945:
644:
590:
419:
409:
7284:
6294:
5354:
into an ASSR. It declared sovereignty on 26 October 1990 as the Chuvash SSR.
5096:
was formed on 27 May 1920 on the territory of the western two-thirds of the
4719:
1722:, completely abolished the Soviet form of government and replaced it with a
10426:
10323:
10311:
9909:
9730:
9124:
8863:
7848:
7838:
7226:
6662:
5843:
5823:
5788:
5455:
4800:
took power in March 1985 and introduced liberal reforms in Soviet society.
4769:
4711:
4707:
4667:, considered by many historians as a decisive turning point of World War II
4600:
4596:
4588:
4329:
4322:
4160:
4141:
3647:
3636:
3553:
3225:
2344:
2170:
2133:
2101:
1851:
1508:
1475:
1461:
1208:
1099:
906:
713:
632:
322:
289:
31:
7374:
7259:История крушения СССР: политико-правовые аспекты. — М., 2001. — C. 299—300
6705:
5285:. Until 7 July 1958 – Mongol-Buryat ASSR. On 27 March 1991, it became the
4131:
10475:
9772:
9734:
9726:
9348:
9332:
9246:
9188:
8058:
7865:
7742:
7147:
Decree of the President of the Russian SFSR of 23 August 1991 No. 79
6187:
5827:
5819:
5748:
are also encountered, often on military equipment and war memorials. The
5413:
5399:
5132:
5049:
4850:
4565:
4475:
on 5 December 1936, the size of the RSFSR was significantly reduced. The
4468:
4444:
4333:
3724:
3625:
3607:
3585:
3573:
2995:
2807:
2797:
2447:
2406:
2384:
2109:
2061:
2053:
1561:
1528:
1422:
1244:
703:
574:
7017:
5694:, hosted by the President of Russia, is annually organised in Moscow on
1389:
As Chairmen of the Council of Ministers – Government of the Russian SFSR
9762:
8087:
7747:
7737:
7271:Юридический механизм разрушения СССР. — М, 2016. — С. 254—255. — 448 с.
5749:
5695:
5520:
5365:
5057:
4715:
4644:
in 1944, the Russian SFSR annexed their easternmost territories around
4619:
4557:
4508:
4496:
4488:
4484:
4411:
in 1932, 36 billion kWh by 1937, and 48 billion kWh by 1940.
4379:
One of the early ambitious economic plans of the Soviet government was
3366:
2770:
2648:
2145:
2141:
2129:
2097:
2034:
1843:
1770: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1464:
1280:
486:
463:
9093:
7132:
6346:"Petroleum Geology and Resources of the Volga-Ural Province, U.S.S.R."
6271:
European Dictatorships: A Comparative History of the Twentieth Century
6115:
formed a Socialist coalition government that lasted until March 1918 (
5993:
1918–1936: Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (Russian:
10465:
10328:
9982:
9977:
9799:
9692:
9522:
9183:
7732:
6879:
After the Vote Was Won: The Later Achievements of Fifteen Suffragists
5772:
5705:
5538:
5379:
5135:
and Orenburg Governorate populated by Kirgiz-Kaysaks (former name of
5061:
5053:
4722:– was annexed by the Soviet Union and made part of the Russian SFSR.
4645:
4584:
4545:
4341:
4199:
3837:
3557:
3372:
2658:
2460:
2155:, with mountainous tundra regions mainly concentrated in the east of
2121:
1961:
1858:
1855:
1576:
1524:
1226:
5826:. Interesting because it was used until Stalin's death when a major
5531:
would again suspend the government on 15 November 1996. The present
5191:. On 17 September 1991, it declared sovereignty as the Dagestan SSR.
4261:
was signed, giving away much of the westernmost lands of the former
1745:
9972:
9517:
9251:
9211:
6108:
5745:
5491:
5202:
5083:
5078:
was formed on 23 March 1919 from several northern districts of the
5060:
until December 1929, when it too became a full Union republic, the
5014:
Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
5012:, which prompted President Yeltsin to suspend the recently created
4688:
4676:
4672:
4164:
3854:
3758:
3581:
3404:
3024:
2832:
2530:
2069:
1504:
940:
910:
718:
545:
445:
7670:
7419:
Full Texts and All Laws Amending Constitutions of the Russian SFSR
6355:. 1983, U.S. Department of the Interior – U.S. Geological Survey.
5602:
In the first years of the existence of the RSFSR, the doctrine of
10511:
10470:
9864:
9368:
8210:
Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine
8092:
7285:"On renaming of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic"
7187:
6923:
Lenin: A Political Life: Volume 1: The Strengths of Contradiction
6334:. Encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved on 22 June 2011.
6188:
R. W. Davies; Mark Harrison; S. G. Wheatcroft (9 December 1993).
5611:
5451:
5155:
oblasts. On 19 April 1925, it was renamed Kazak ASSR. (see below)
4899:
4796:. Even after Brezhnev's death in 1982, the era did not end until
3589:
2510:
2454:
2411:
2156:
2105:
2093:
2085:
2049:
1953:
1949:
1575:
and the world's first constitutionally socialist state guided by
1166:
1063:
440:
6515:. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 687.
2056:
on the northwest; and to its southeast in eastern Asia were the
1470:
from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous
10761:
Countries and territories where Russian is an official language
10280:
7701:
7104:
6325:
The Free Dictionary Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic
5683:
5101:
5019:
4888:
4556:, the Germans were pushed back. In 1942, the Wehrmacht entered
4460:
4380:
2113:
2045:
1957:
1869:
25 October] 1917. This happened immediately after the
1703:
1667:
1654:
On 25 December 1991, following the resignation of Gorbachev as
1540:
1512:
1500:
1334:
1194:
371:
356:
5378:
into the Kara-Kalpak ASSR; from 5 December 1936 a part of the
4990:
Government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
2076:; 1911–1949). Within the Soviet Union, the RSFSR bordered the
1709:
UN membership and permanent membership on the Security Council
1560:, began to be liberalized starting in 1985 under Gorbachev's "
1511:. The capital of the Russian SFSR and the USSR as a whole was
9787:
9665:
7466:
7306:// «Российская газета», 16 мая 1992 года, № 111 (447), с. 3–5
6586:
A History of Modern Russia from Nicholas II to Vladimir Putin
6021:Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика
5996:Российская Социалистическая Федеративная Советская Республика
5780:
5733:
5233:
of Ukraine overturned the declaration, but compromised on an
4742:
became the new leader of the USSR. In January 1954, Malenkov
3569:
3055:
2323:
2152:
1399:
1316:
55:Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика
6946:
6293:
Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people (
5724:. In 1990, the RSFSR adopted its own separate anthem called
4860:
Flag adopted by the Russian SFSR national parliament in 1991
9899:
9675:
7167:"Gorbachev is Ready to Resign as Post-Soviet Plan Advances"
6621:. Russians.net (23 August 1943). Retrieved on 22 June 2011.
5028:
was formed on 30 April 1918 on the territory of the former
2369:
2334:
2197:
2077:
1926:(a term identified from 1919 onwards with the Bolsheviks).
1634:
in Moscow with the temporary brief internment of President
1496:
7425:
Russian Federation; The Whole Republic a Construction Site
7283:
approved the Law of the RSFSR #2094-I of 25 December 1991
7070:Развитие электроэнергетики в СССР (к 80летию плана ГОЭЛРО)
6906:
Lenin's Plan for Building Socialism in the USSR, 1917–1925
6876:
Adams, Katherine H.; Keene, Michael L. (10 January 2014).
6387:. Honolulu: University Press of the Pacific. p. 183.
6191:
The Economic Transformation of the Soviet Union, 1913–1945
5468:
was formed on 5 December 1936 upon the disbandment of the
4568:, ultimately pushing German forces out of Russia by 1944.
2072:) and the People's Republic of China (China, formerly the
9884:
9704:
5317:
into an ASSR. On 28 August 1941, upon the deportation of
5259:
was formed on 16 February 1922 upon the elevation of the
4400:
957:
922:
6219:(sixth ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 458.
5809:
Flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
5555:
was formed on 5 December 1936 upon the elevation of the
5541:
was formed on 5 December 1936 upon the elevation of the
5442:
was formed on 5 December 1936 upon the departure of the
5273:
was formed on 30 March 1923 as due to the merger of the
4833:
On 29 May 1990, at his third attempt, Boris Yeltsin was
4328:
The economic impact of the Civil War was devastating. A
2151:
Roughly 70% of the area in the RSFSR consisted of broad
1583:
was adopted in 1918. In 1922, the Russian SFSR signed a
828:• Russian SFSR renamed into the Russian Federation
6950:
The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression
6611:
5771:
in Moscow are Russian SFSR's main architectural icons.
5350:
was formed on 21 April 1925 upon the elevation of the
4599:, 1941–1945), and territory was incorporated into the
6254:(in Russian). Hist.msu.ru. Retrieved on 22 June 2011.
5402:
was formed on 28 December 1934 upon the elevation of
5388:
was formed on 20 December 1934 upon the elevation of
5313:
was formed on 19 December 1924 upon elevation of the
5104:. On 30 October 1990, it declared sovereignty as the
2792:
De-satellization of the Socialist Republic of Romania
1425:
was still in the hands of the Soviets even after the
6909:. Novosti Press Agency Publishing House. p. 48.
6734:
The Blackwell Encyclopedia of the Russian Revolution
6183:
6181:
5944:
Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War
5416:
was formed on 20 October 1935 upon the elevation of
5360:
was formed on 1 February 1926 upon elevation of the
4927:. On 12 December, the agreement was ratified by the
4847:
Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR
1877:(most recently led by opposing democratic socialist
1380:
from 29 May 1990 to 10 July 1991, then as President.
332:
Union Republic of the Soviet Union with priority of
7317:"Конституция РСФСР в редакции от 12 апреля 1978 г."
5822:. The next flag was used from 1937, notably during
5814:letters РСФСР (RSFSR) written in yellow within the
5139:). Further enlarged in 1921 upon gaining land from
4766:
Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
1977:
with the treaty on the creation of the Soviet Union
6546:
6466:
6449:
6447:
6107:After the October Revolution, the Bolsheviks, the
5651:The public holidays for the Russian SFSR included
5374:was formed on 20 March 1932 upon elevation of the
5197:was formed on 18 October 1921 on the territory of
4764:On 9 January 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and
4738:After the death of Joseph Stalin on 5 March 1953,
1571:, the Russian Soviet Republic was proclaimed as a
1385:Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR
6240:
6238:
6236:
6178:
5535:government was re-established on 15 October 1999.
4849:on 12 June 1990, which was the beginning of the "
2124:) (Included in USSR in 1940) to its west and the
1718:, coming into effect on 25 December 1993 after a
1587:officially creating the USSR. The Russian SFSR's
10727:
9973:Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences
6865:. International Universities Press. p. 130.
5636:
4671:At the end of World War II Soviet troops of the
4366:Transcaucasian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic
4253:On 25 January 1918, at the third meeting of the
3975:
3668:
6545:
6444:
6117:Historical Dictionary of the Russian Revolution
5987:[rɐˈsʲijskəjəsɐˈvʲetskəjərʲɪˈspublʲɪkə]
5954:Bibliography of the post-Stalinist Soviet Union
4501:Karakalpak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic
2040:The international borders of the RSFSR touched
2009:, which concluded on the next day, the RSFSR's
1543:. It was the first socialist state in history.
1421:existed briefly on 19 January 1918, but actual
6579:
6577:
6268:
6233:
5949:Bibliography of Stalinism and the Soviet Union
5818:and encased within two yellow lines forming a
5187:was formed on 20 January 1921 from the former
4606:On 3 March 1944, on the orders of Stalin, the
2021:, and were retained as such in the subsequent
1779:"Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic"
875:17,125,200 km (6,612,100 sq mi)
10776:States and territories disestablished in 1991
10296:
9109:
7686:
7452:
6273:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 67.
6269:Besier, Gerhard; Stokłosa, Katarzyna (2014).
6264:
6262:
6260:
6019:
5994:
5976:
5163:Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus
4969:
4843:Congress of People's Deputies of the Republic
4102:
2929:
1556:since the late 1970s under General Secretary
53:
10736:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
7047:. London: Macmillan Press Ltd. p. 236.
6848:. Oxford University Press. pp. 330–336.
6695:. Marxistsfr.org. Retrieved on 22 June 2011.
6636:Intercourse between Bolshevism and Sinn Féin
6607:
6605:
5975:1918: Russian Soviet Republic (Russian:
5659:(8 March), which combines the traditions of
5020:Autonomous republics within the Russian SFSR
4439:Many regions in Russia were affected by the
1939:Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
1929:On 25 January 1918 the third meeting of the
1454:Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
1438:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
6858:
6574:
6214:
5675:; and like all other Soviet republics, the
5335:was formed on 19 April 1925 when the first
5000:The Government was known officially as the
1478:(USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a
10786:1991 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
10771:States and territories established in 1917
10303:
10289:
9116:
9102:
7693:
7679:
7459:
7445:
7375:"On the national flag of the Russian SFSR"
6994:. UC Press E-Books Collection, 1982-2004.
6875:
6845:The Prophet Armed Trotsky 1879-1921 (1954)
6343:
6257:
4934:Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR
4784:Ethnographic map of the Soviet Union, 1970
4698:– the north-eastern portion of the former
4121:
4109:
4095:
2936:
2922:
1670:. The next day, after the lowering of the
1429:opened its first and last session in 1918.
1392:Served as acting head of government while
1366:Official language in the courts from 1937.
282:
7042:
6953:. Harvard University Press. p. 123.
6903:Ugri͡umov, Aleksandr Leontʹevich (1976).
6902:
6841:
6602:
6508:
6194:. Cambridge University Press. p. 6.
5589:was elevated into an ASSR and instead of
4757:was transferred back to the RSFSR as the
4350:First Congress of the Soviets of the USSR
4332:emerged in Russia, despite the threat of
1830:Learn how and when to remove this message
10447:Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia
6992:Bread and Authority in Russia, 1914-1921
6784:
6764:. Oxford University Press. p. 224.
6632:The Bolshevik Revolution 1917–23, vol. 3
6588:. Harvard University Press. p. 84.
6464:
5752:continues to be honored, especially the
5704:
4855:
4779:
4729:
4658:
4629:was joined with the Russian SFSR as the
4531:
4430:
4308:
4300:
4292:
1881:(1881–1970)) which had governed the new
1567:On 7 November 1917 , as a result of the
9123:
8346:Collective Security Treaty Organization
7120:Twelfth All-Russian Congress of Soviets
7095:
6919:
6757:
6730:
6583:
6380:
5565:was formed on 10 October 1961 when the
5486:was disestablished and its constituent
5482:was formed on 5 December 1936 when the
5368:and on 31 August 1991 its independence.
5201:within the Russian SFSR, following the
4950:Secretary-General of the United Nations
4923:parties agreed to the formation of the
1371:All-Russian Central Executive Committee
14:
10728:
10551:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
9142:Index of Soviet Union–related articles
6737:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 343.
6320:
6318:
6316:
6314:
5221:. On 19 February 1954, the oblast was
5115:was formed on 26 August 1920 from the
5064:. The RSFSR retained the newly formed
4579:(1878–1953), General Secretary of the
4374:Second Congress of Soviets of the USSR
4362:Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
4356:, by which Russia was united with the
4209:On 18 January 1918, the newly elected
1999:republics. According to Matthew White
1632:August 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt
1419:Russian Democratic Federative Republic
1181:Belarusian People's Republic (portion)
10517:1949 East German State Railway strike
10489:World Federation of Democratic Youth
10284:
9097:
7904:Judicial system of the Russian Empire
7674:
7440:
6788:The Russian Revolution: A New History
6706:"Russia the Great: Mineral resources"
6658:The Great Big Book of Horrible Things
6651:
6344:Peterson, James A.; Clarke, James W.
6028:
6003:
5985:
4948:On 24 December, Yeltsin informed the
4683:off the coast of East Asia, north of
4420:Tenth All-Russian Congress of Soviets
4395:ссии), which sought to achieve total
2058:Democratic People's Republic of Korea
1153:Ukrainian People's Republic (portion)
292:(red and white) between 1956 and 1991
10388:Soviet response to the Marshall Plan
9043:Unified Sports Classification System
7199:Из СССР В СНГ: подчиняясь реальности
6998:from the original on 27 October 2021
6712:from the original on 19 January 2011
6567:participating institution membership
6287:
6174:article 171 of the 1978 Constitution
6170:article 114 of the 1937 Constitution
5585:was formed on 17 November 1990 when
5295:was formed on 23 July 1923 when the
5040:, the Turkestan ASSR along with the
4635:Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
4372:, adopted on 31 January 1924 by the
2471:World Federation of Democratic Youth
1933:proclaimed the establishment of the
1768:adding citations to reliable sources
1739:
1666:), the Russian SFSR was renamed the
1625:Presidency of the Russian Federation
121:Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!
7700:
6985:
6731:Shukman, Harold (5 December 1994).
6381:Sokolov, Vasily Andreevich (2002).
6311:
6151:from the original on 13 August 2011
5647:Public holidays in the Soviet Union
5587:Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast
5575:was formed on 25 October 1990 when
5006:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
4996:List of leaders of the Russian SFSR
4893:Communist Party of the Russian SFSR
4358:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
4202:occurred largely without any human
1981:Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
1664:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
24:
10610:Sovietization of the Baltic states
8341:Commonwealth of Independent States
7371:Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
7281:Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
7274:
6128:
6082:"Lenine's Migration A Queer Scene"
5677:Great October Socialist Revolution
5506:Kizlyar district and organised as
5444:Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Oblast
4964:was lowered and replaced with the
4938:Treaty on the Creation of the USSR
4929:Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
4925:Commonwealth of Independent States
4839:Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
4829:1993 Russian constitutional crisis
4354:Treaty on the Creation of the USSR
3982:
2545:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
2019:then existing Constitution of 1978
1645:Commonwealth of Independent States
853:End of the Soviet political system
759:• Soviet republic proclaimed
288:The Russian SFSR (red) within the
25:
10827:
10481:World Federation of Trade Unions
7409:
6967:from the original on 27 June 2018
6401:from the original on 2 April 2015
6362:from the original on 2 April 2015
5937:
5215:deportation of the Crimean Tatars
4493:Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
3996:
27:Soviet republic from 1917 to 1991
10698:January 1991 events in Lithuania
10356:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
10310:
10265:
10264:
10252:
6920:Service, Robert (24 June 1985).
6862:The Soviet Revolution, 1917-1939
6859:Abramovitch, Raphael R. (1985).
6811:
5922:
5910:
5898:
5886:
5874:
5862:was officially dissolved in the
5488:Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Oblast
5474:North Ossetian Autonomous Oblast
5223:transferred to the Ukrainian SSR
5171:North Ossetian Autonomous Oblast
5143:and again in 1924 from parts of
4275:Constitution of the Russian SFSR
4234:), post offices and telegraphs (
4153:
4130:
4078:
2972:
2466:World Federation of Trade Unions
2179:
2148:) to the south in Central Asia.
2005:On 25 December 1991, during the
1943:Constitution of the Russian SFSR
1744:
1597:Declaration of State Sovereignty
1339:
1325:
1307:
1289:
1271:
1253:
1235:
1217:
1199:
1185:
1171:
1157:
1124:
1110:
1092:
1074:
1056:
1038:
1020:
1002:
984:
254:
201:
196:State Anthem of the Soviet Union
166:
147:
99:
79:
72:
10422:Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
7386:
7363:
7333:
7309:
7297:
7262:
7250:
7238:
7217:
7203:
7192:
7178:
7159:
7150:
7141:
7125:
7112:
7096:Никитин, Олег (February 2010).
7089:
7061:
7036:
7010:
6979:
6940:
6913:
6896:
6869:
6852:
6835:
6805:
6791:. Basic Books. pp. 1–496.
6778:
6751:
6724:
6708:. Russian Information Network.
6698:
6679:
6645:
6624:
6539:
6509:Patenaude, Bertrand M. (2002).
6501:
6458:
6435:
6424:
6413:
6374:
6337:
6043:
5978:Российская Советская Республика
5802:
5730:re-introduced the Soviet anthem
5543:Komi (Zyryan) Autonomous Oblast
5450:. After the deportation of the
5279:Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Oblast
5275:Mongol-Buryat Autonomous Oblast
4906:, Yeltsin, Ukrainian President
4885:1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt
4821:1991 Soviet coup d'etat attempt
4642:reconquering Estonia and Latvia
4505:Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
4269:, in exchange for peace on the
4255:All-Russian Congress of Soviets
3990:Not internationally recognized.
1931:All-Russian Congress of Soviets
1755:needs additional citations for
1729:
840:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
6785:McMeekin, Sean (30 May 2017).
6215:Riasanovsky, Nicholas (2000).
6208:
6163:
6137:
6101:
6071:
6012:
5966:
5653:Defender of the Fatherland Day
5315:Volga German Autonomous Oblast
5002:Council of People's Commissars
4943:first constitution of the USSR
4810:
4775:
4220:Left Socialist Revolutionaries
4180:Russian Provisional Government
3984:
3448:General Secretariat of Ukraine
1875:Russian Provisional Government
1865:state on 7 November [
1615:(1931–2007), supported by the
36:Soviet Russia (disambiguation)
13:
1:
10781:1917 establishments in Russia
10741:Republics of the Soviet Union
10703:January 1991 events in Latvia
10693:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
10442:Socialist Republic of Romania
10417:People's Republic of Bulgaria
10409:People's Republic of Albania
10378:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état
9805:Political abuse of psychiatry
9597:Congress of People's Deputies
8251:Political abuse of psychiatry
7468:Republics of the Soviet Union
6064:
5832:flags of the Soviet Republics
5637:National holidays and symbols
5577:Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast
5376:Kara-Kalpak Autonomous Oblast
5243:Russian military intervention
5235:Autonomous Republic of Crimea
5030:Turkestan General-Governorate
4983:
4746:from the Russian SFSR to the
4734:The Russian SFSR in 1956–1991
3998:
3216:Great Stand on the Ugra River
2908:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
1656:President of the Soviet Union
1593:Congress of People's Deputies
688:Congress of People's Deputies
10688:Collapse of the Soviet Union
10678:Fall of communism in Albania
8896:Traditions and superstitions
7659:Pridnestrovian Moldavian SSR
7432:Full 1918 RSFSR Constitution
7073:(in Russian). Archived from
5848:collapse of the Soviet Union
5583:Karachayevo-Cherkessian ASSR
5516:Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
4702:, the founding state of the
4612:population forcibly deported
4524:Eastern Front (World War II)
2903:Fall of communism in Albania
2858:Polish Round Table Agreement
2813:Cuban intervention in Angola
2028:
2007:collapse of the Soviet Union
1885:after the abdication of the
1427:Russian Constituent Assembly
125:Workers of the world, unite!
7:
10663:End of communism in Hungary
10432:Hungarian People's Republic
9968:Academy of Medical Sciences
8562:Water supply and sanitation
6113:Menshevik-Internationalists
5702:or City of Military Glory.
5390:Mordovian Autonomous Oblast
5265:Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
5056:. The latter contained the
4970:
4471:. With the adoption of the
3512:Provisional Priamurye Govt.
2291:Allied and satellite states
2066:Mongolian People's Republic
2023:1993 Constitution of Russia
1985:Soviet Constitution of 1936
1682:and its replacement by the
1448:), previously known as the
1378:Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR
10:
10832:
10796:Former countries in Europe
10756:Former socialist republics
10427:German Democratic Republic
7213:На гибель Советского Союза
7188:. Kto i kak uprazdnil SSSR
7045:Imperial and Soviet Russia
6988:"8 Leaving Troubled Times"
6882:. McFarland. p. 109.
5806:
5791:is an animal symbol and a
5640:
5629:
5625:
5597:
5237:within Ukraine. After the
4993:
4987:
4814:
4714:including the capital and
4706:(1871–1918) and later the
4583:, later Premier, when the
4573:Karachay Autonomous Oblast
4528:Great Patriotic War (term)
4521:
4483:were transformed into the
4441:Soviet famine of 1932–1933
4387:сударственная комиссия по
4336:against profiteering. The
2162:
1733:
1552:economy, which had become
1398:Between 1917 and 1919 the
1369:As Chairman of the VTsIK (
1267:Byelorussian SSR (portion)
29:
10638:
10615:Information dissemination
10592:
10542:1956 Hungarian Revolution
10532:1953 East German uprising
10500:
10458:
10401:
10338:
10318:
10246:
10190:
10164:
10084:
10007:
9998:
9943:
9850:
9813:
9753:
9656:
9618:
9538:
9400:
9391:
9341:
9289:
9280:
9132:
9062:
8819:
8583:
8574:
8407:
8398:
8151:
8142:
7950:
7941:
7876:
7718:
7709:
7627:
7604:
7566:
7525:
7482:
7475:
7227:Беловежское предательство
7185:V.Pribylovsky, Gr.Tochkin
7043:Christian, David (1997).
6842:Deutscher, Isaac (1954).
6612:Soviet Russia information
6554:Oxford English Dictionary
6473:. Pegasus Books. p.
6245:Конституции РСФСР 1918 г.
6088:16 September 2018 at the
6020:
5995:
5977:
5860:Soviet form of government
5657:International Women's Day
5643:Public holidays in Russia
5362:Kirghiz Autonomous Oblast
5352:Chuvash Autonomous Oblast
5239:2014 Ukrainian revolution
5177:(all subordinates to the
5088:Republic of Bashkortostan
4876:was elected president by
4449:Central Black Soil Region
4348:On 30 December 1922, the
4319:Russian famine of 1921–22
3954:
3933:
3915:Luhansk People's Republic
3912:
3894:Donetsk People's Republic
3891:
3870:
3853:
3836:
3657:
3646:
3510:
3489:
3478:
3467:
3446:
3335:
3324:
3313:
3302:
3291:
3096:Principality of Chernigov
2828:1984 Los Angeles Olympics
1972:of 1919–1922 in Ireland.
1919:
1893:imperial dynasty of Tsar
1619:pro-reform movement, was
1605:Soviet form of government
1409:
1361:national anthem of Russia
1355:
963:
951:
939:
929:
917:
902:
898:
888:
884:
879:
871:
866:
862:
849:
836:
826:
813:
800:
780:
767:
757:
744:
731:
727:
696:
654:
650:
638:
626:
616:• 1917–1924 (first)
614:
610:
600:
596:
580:
568:
564:
554:
451:
439:
402:
389:Recognised languages
387:
377:
367:
342:
297:
281:
131:
117:
68:
63:
54:
47:Russian Soviet Federative
45:
10806:Modern history of Russia
10791:Former countries in Asia
10600:Emigration and defection
10437:Polish People's Republic
8336:Prime Minister of Russia
7098:
7069:
6926:. Springer. p. 98.
6584:Service, Robert (2005).
5959:
5840:flag of the Soviet Union
5793:national personification
5722:State Anthem of the USSR
5720:until 1944 and then the
5418:Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast
5404:Udmurt Autonomous Oblast
5167:Ingush Autonomous Oblast
4887:of 19–21 August 1991 in
4883:During the unsuccessful
4803:On 12 April 1978, a new
4725:
4625:On 11 October 1944, the
4614:upon the accusations of
4536:The Russian SFSR in 1940
4517:
4473:1936 Soviet Constitution
4435:The Russian SFSR in 1936
4426:
4370:1924 Soviet Constitution
4313:The Russian SFSR in 1929
4305:The Russian SFSR in 1924
4297:The Russian SFSR in 1922
4288:
4194:, the second of the two
4190:, was overthrown in the
4167:and a key figure in the
3521:
3191:
3115:
3033:
3023:
3013:
2649:Czechoslovakia 1976–1990
1724:semi-presidential system
1696:All-Union Supreme Soviet
1527:(Volgograd after 1961),
1523:(Petrograd until 1924),
10658:Fall of the Berlin Wall
10584:1981 protests in Kosovo
10522:Rebellion of Cazin 1950
10259:Soviet Union portal
8774:Social entrepreneurship
8663:Forced public apologies
8598:Anti-American sentiment
6559:Oxford University Press
5769:Saint Basil's Cathedral
5726:Patrioticheskaya Pesnya
5261:Yakut Autonomous Oblast
5213:alongside the criminal
5175:Sunzha Cossack District
4960:. That same night, the
4898:On 8 December 1991, at
4631:Tuvan Autonomous Oblast
4627:Tuvan People's Republic
4554:Soviet winter offensive
4540:Just four months after
4503:was transferred to the
4259:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
4122:Early years (1917–1920)
3773:Eurasian Economic Union
3622:Parade of sovereignties
3086:Principality of Polotsk
2893:End of the Soviet Union
2868:Fall of the Berlin Wall
2428: (until 1948)
2403: (until 1977)
2392: (until 1989)
2326: (until 1961)
2305: (until 1961)
1968:and by the short-lived
1935:Russian Soviet Republic
1702:, had already lost the
1692:Soviet of the Republics
1688:USSR was self-dissolved
1450:Russian Soviet Republic
1397:
1391:
1388:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1365:
1358:
378:Official languages
249:Patrioticheskaya Pesnya
10766:20th century in Russia
10151:Stalinist architecture
9905:Science and technology
9815:Ideological repression
9743:Soviet Airborne Forces
9681:Destruction battalions
8522:Social security system
8505:Science and technology
8171:Classified information
7997:Central Russian Upland
7320:constitution.garant.ru
7232:12 August 2020 at the
6617:26 August 2010 at the
6330:13 August 2011 at the
6295:original VTsIK variant
5713:
5567:Tuva Autonomous Oblast
5557:Mari Autonomous Oblast
5521:Republic of Ingushetia
5466:Northern Ossetian ASSR
5424:and parts adjoined to
5366:Republic of Kyrgyzstan
5342:Republic of Kazakhstan
5297:Karelian Labor Commune
5034:delimitation programme
4910:and Belarusian leader
4870:President of the RSFSR
4866:all-Russian referendum
4861:
4805:Constitution of Russia
4785:
4735:
4694:On 17 April 1946, the
4668:
4648:and within the modern
4618:with the invaders and
4610:was disbanded and its
4537:
4436:
4424:
4314:
4306:
4298:
4277:. By 1918, during the
4248:equal rights for women
4144:and the leader of the
3363:Provisional Government
3304:Grand Duchy of Finland
3182:Principality of Moscow
2582:Protests and uprisings
1456:, and unofficially as
334:republican legislation
34:. For other uses, see
10708:Breakup of Yugoslavia
9933:List of metro systems
9486:Collective leadership
8983:Russian tsars regalia
8316:Intelligence agencies
8039:Great Russian Regions
7783:Expansion (1500-1800)
6986:Lih, Lars T. (1990).
6758:Bergman, Jay (2019).
6469:The Russian Civil War
6306:III Congress revision
6300:7 August 2011 at the
5708:
5440:Kabardino-Balkar ASSR
5277:of the RSFSR and the
5127:oblasts and parts of
5106:Republic of Tatarstan
4912:Stanislav Shushkevich
4864:On 17 March 1991, an
4859:
4783:
4733:
4662:
4535:
4434:
4416:
4312:
4304:
4296:
4186:, which governed the
4004:Not fully controlled.
3838:Republic of Tatarstan
3731:Constitutional crisis
2898:Post-Soviet conflicts
2883:Breakup of Yugoslavia
2786:Albanian–Soviet split
2497:Anti-Soviet partisans
2440:Related organizations
1975:On 30 December 1922,
1720:constitutional crisis
1609:citizenship of Russia
142:Worker's Marseillaise
10556:1970 Polish protests
10537:1956 Poznań protests
10402:Soviet-allied states
9895:Net material product
9838:Censorship of images
9755:Political repression
9715:Soviet Border Troops
9648:First Deputy Premier
9232:1965 economic reform
9227:Soviet space program
9050:World Heritage sites
8427:Droughts and famines
7980:Environmental issues
7728:Proto-Indo-Europeans
7402:from 1 November 1991
7398:16 July 2011 at the
7380:10 June 2017 at the
7373:from 22 August 1991
6691:27 July 2011 at the
5669:Spring and Labor Day
5472:and its constituent
5394:Republic of Mordovia
5287:Republic of Buryatia
5283:Far Eastern Republic
5080:Orenburg Governorate
4868:created the post of
4837:the chairman of the
4665:Battle of Stalingrad
4654:Pytalovsky Districts
4542:Operation Barbarossa
4409:first five-year plan
4211:Constituent Assembly
3777:Annexation of Crimea
3385:Constituent Assembly
3262:Second Patriotic War
2878:Barricades in Latvia
2823:1980 Moscow Olympics
2803:Cuban Missile Crisis
1873:toppled the interim
1764:improve this article
1716:Russian constitution
1674:from the top of the
1601:separation of powers
1515:and the other major
1485:autonomous republics
1472:constituent republic
1050:Priamurye Government
1032:Far Eastern Republic
570:• 1917 (first)
510:directorial republic
477:directorial republic
10746:Communism in Russia
10673:Romanian revolution
10646:Revolutions of 1989
10527:1953 Plzeň uprising
9963:Academy of Sciences
9778:Population transfer
9722:Soviet Armed Forces
9585:Congress of Soviets
9566:Presidium/Politburo
9530:Soviet anti-Zionism
9379:West Siberian Plain
9257:Revolutions of 1989
9194:Great Patriotic War
9179:New Economic Policy
8901:Forms of addressing
8510:Academy of Sciences
8467:Financial districts
8331:President of Russia
8256:Political divisions
8216:Freedom of assembly
8098:West Siberian Plain
7844:Great Patriotic War
7805:February Revolution
7628:Non-union republics
7618:Transcaucasian SFSR
7428:by D. S. Polyanski.
7290:20 May 2009 at the
7175:, 13 December 1991.
7165:Francis X. Clines,
7099:Плюс электрификация
6686:Chronicle of Events
6557:(Online ed.).
6250:2 July 2018 at the
6217:A History of Russia
6125:. R. Wesson, 1978).
5742:Soviet coat of arms
5688:Great Patriotic War
5484:North Caucasus Krai
5480:Chechen-Ingush ASSR
5470:North Caucasus Kray
5460:Kabardino-Balkarian
5448:North Caucasus Kray
5305:Republic of Karelia
5247:disputed referendum
5219:Taurida Subdistrict
5179:North Caucasus Krai
5145:Jetysui Governorate
5038:Soviet Central Asia
4954:UN Security Council
4608:Chechen-Ingush ASSR
4593:Great Patriotic War
4560:. Despite a deadly
4240:universal education
4196:Russian Revolutions
3957:Zaporizhzhia Oblast
3789:Invasion of Ukraine
3578:Great Patriotic War
3550:Cultural revolution
3491:Transcaucasian SFSR
3359:February Revolution
3246:Emancipation reform
3144:Council of Uvetichi
2994: •
2990: •
2863:Revolutions of 1989
2013:was changed to the
1903:Russian Revolutions
1700:Soviet of the Union
1507:formed the largest
1394:President of Russia
1383:As Chairman of the
1231:Uzbek SSR (portion)
670:Congress of Soviets
640:• 1991 (last)
533:July–December 1991:
396:Languages of Russia
10683:Singing Revolution
10566:June 1976 protests
10351:Soviet occupations
9608:Military Collegium
9476:Capital punishment
9354:Caucasus Mountains
9267:Post-Soviet states
9147:Russian Revolution
8951:Russian given name
8537:Telecommunications
8487:Petroleum industry
8351:State of emergency
8196:Far-right politics
8161:Capital punishment
8007:Meshchera Lowlands
7861:Russian Federation
7817:October Revolution
7612:Karelo-Finnish SSR
7369:Resolution of the
7172:The New York Times
7077:on 22 October 2018
6095:The New York Times
6055:Russian Federation
5972:Historical names:
5864:Russian Federation
5718:The Internationale
5714:
5327:Stalingrad Oblasts
5301:Karelo-Finnish SSR
5227:Republic of Crimea
4972:Rossiyskaya Gazeta
4862:
4786:
4755:Karelo-Finnish SSR
4744:transferred Crimea
4736:
4700:Kingdom of Prussia
4696:Kaliningrad Oblast
4675:occupied southern
4669:
4538:
4437:
4315:
4307:
4299:
4192:October Revolution
4184:Alexander Kerensky
4169:October Revolution
3873:Republic of Crimea
3824:Russian Federation
3767:Presidential terms
3659:Karelo-Finnish SSR
3612:Chernobyl disaster
3352:Russian Revolution
3250:Russo-Japanese War
3238:1812 Patriotic War
3152:Battle of Kulikovo
3140:Council of Liubech
2853:Singing Revolution
2627:Novocherkassk 1962
2015:Russian Federation
1993:Great Northern War
1889:government of the
1879:Alexander Kerensky
1871:October Revolution
1698:(the other house,
1668:Russian Federation
1577:communist ideology
1569:October Revolution
1549:Volga-Urals region
1489:autonomous oblasts
1335:Russian Federation
1303:Karelo-Finnish SSR
1136:Karelo-Finnish SSR
735:October Revolution
602:Head of government
161:The Internationale
49:Socialist Republic
10801:Federal republics
10723:
10722:
10668:Velvet Revolution
10630:Telephone tapping
10604:list of defectors
10393:Tito–Stalin split
10278:
10277:
10242:
10241:
10234:Hammer and sickle
10176:and their groups
10174:Soviet dissidents
9953:Communist Academy
9870:Economic planning
9846:
9845:
9739:Soviet Air Forces
9658:Security services
9578:General Secretary
9561:Central Committee
9503:Political parties
9435:Brezhnev Doctrine
9430:Foreign relations
9387:
9386:
9328:Autonomous okrugs
9242:Soviet–Afghan War
9222:Sino-Soviet split
9164:Russian Civil War
9091:
9090:
9058:
9057:
8638:Domestic violence
8570:
8569:
8492:Russian oligarchs
8417:Aircraft industry
8394:
8393:
8371:Mass surveillance
8361:Search and rescue
8326:Political parties
8206:Foreign relations
8138:
8137:
7937:
7936:
7929:Historical cities
7788:Tsardom of Russia
7668:
7667:
7600:
7599:
6933:978-1-349-05591-3
6889:978-0-7864-5647-5
6812:Ikov, Marat Sal.
6798:978-0-465-09497-4
6771:978-0-19-884270-5
6744:978-0-631-19525-2
6672:978-0-393-08192-3
6565:(Subscription or
6507:Note especially:
6201:978-0-521-45770-5
6080:(16 March 1918).
5852:Tsardom of Russia
5754:Banner of Victory
5738:hammer and sickle
5632:Culture of Russia
5529:Khasavyurt Accord
5525:First Chechen War
5311:Volga German ASSR
5251:annexed by Russia
5229:. On 13 May, the
5199:Crimean peninsula
5098:Kazan Governorate
5032:. As part of the
4920:international law
4798:Mikhail Gorbachev
4794:era of stagnation
4575:was dissolved by
4562:five-month battle
4279:Russian Civil War
4216:Central Executive
4163:, founder of the
4140:, founder of the
4119:
4118:
4085:Russia portal
4013:
4012:
3707:Belavezha Accords
3689:
3688:
3600:Era of Stagnation
3566:Industrialization
3532:
3531:
3409:Soviet-Polish War
3345:
3344:
3326:Russian Manchuria
3272:Tsardom of Russia
3258:October Manifesto
3242:Decembrist Revolt
3234:Petrovian reforms
3202:
3201:
3162:Novgorod Republic
3126:
3125:
3042:
3041:
2946:
2945:
2781:Sino-Soviet split
2761:Tito–Stalin split
2756:Czechoslovak coup
2734:
2733:
2674:Ukraine 1989–1991
2612:East Germany 1953
2554:Soviet occupation
2074:Republic of China
1995:of 1700 to 1721.
1989:Tsardom of Russia
1941:(RSFSR), and the
1854:(1879–1940), the
1840:
1839:
1832:
1814:
1660:General Secretary
1641:Belovezha Accords
1636:Mikhail Gorbachev
1617:Democratic Russia
1589:1978 constitution
1493:autonomous okrugs
1434:
1433:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1167:Estonia (portion)
1141:
1140:
1104:Germany (portion)
1068:Finland (portion)
804:State sovereignty
748:Russian Civil War
628:• 1990–1991
543:semi-presidential
430:Russian Orthodoxy
271:
240:
187:
152:
16:(Redirected from
10823:
10816:Communist states
10811:Former countries
10512:Goryani Movement
10492:
10484:
10450:
10412:
10346:Yalta Conference
10305:
10298:
10291:
10282:
10281:
10268:
10267:
10257:
10256:
10255:
10005:
10004:
9913:
9768:Collectivization
9513:Marxism–Leninism
9398:
9397:
9287:
9286:
9118:
9111:
9104:
9095:
9094:
9071:
9018:Russian language
8961:National symbols
8581:
8580:
8500:
8457:Fishing industry
8447:Economic regions
8442:Defence industry
8405:
8404:
8149:
8148:
8103:Russian Far East
8002:Northwest Russia
7960:Cities and towns
7948:
7947:
7810:Russian Republic
7716:
7715:
7695:
7688:
7681:
7672:
7671:
7526:Former parts of
7502:Byelorussian SSR
7480:
7479:
7461:
7454:
7447:
7438:
7437:
7417:
7403:
7390:
7384:
7367:
7361:
7360:
7358:
7356:
7347:. Archived from
7341:"Наука в Сибири"
7337:
7331:
7330:
7328:
7326:
7313:
7307:
7301:
7295:
7278:
7272:
7266:
7260:
7254:
7248:
7242:
7236:
7221:
7215:
7207:
7201:
7196:
7190:
7182:
7176:
7163:
7157:
7154:
7148:
7145:
7139:
7138:
7129:
7123:
7122:on 11 May 1925).
7116:
7110:
7109:
7093:
7087:
7086:
7084:
7082:
7065:
7059:
7058:
7040:
7034:
7033:
7031:
7029:
7014:
7008:
7007:
7005:
7003:
6983:
6977:
6976:
6974:
6972:
6944:
6938:
6937:
6917:
6911:
6910:
6900:
6894:
6893:
6873:
6867:
6866:
6856:
6850:
6849:
6839:
6833:
6832:
6826:
6824:
6809:
6803:
6802:
6782:
6776:
6775:
6755:
6749:
6748:
6728:
6722:
6721:
6719:
6717:
6702:
6696:
6683:
6677:
6676:
6649:
6643:
6628:
6622:
6609:
6600:
6599:
6581:
6572:
6570:
6562:
6550:
6543:
6537:
6536:
6531:
6529:
6505:
6499:
6498:
6493:
6491:
6472:
6462:
6456:
6451:
6442:
6439:
6433:
6428:
6422:
6417:
6411:
6410:
6408:
6406:
6378:
6372:
6371:
6369:
6367:
6361:
6350:
6341:
6335:
6322:
6309:
6291:
6285:
6284:
6266:
6255:
6242:
6231:
6230:
6212:
6206:
6205:
6185:
6176:
6167:
6161:
6160:
6158:
6156:
6141:
6135:
6132:
6126:
6105:
6099:
6075:
6058:
6049:Later used as a
6047:
6041:
6040:
6039:
6038:
6032:
6027:
6023:
6022:
6016:
6010:
6007:
6002:
5998:
5997:
5989:
5984:
5980:
5979:
5970:
5926:
5914:
5902:
5890:
5878:
5573:Gorno-Altai ASSR
5547:Republic of Komi
5533:Chechen Republic
5422:Astrakhan Oblast
5372:Kara-Kalpak ASSR
5141:Omsk Governorate
5010:1991 August coup
4975:
4916:Belovezh Accords
4872:and on 12 June,
4825:Belovezh Accords
4718:seaport city of
4550:Battle of Moscow
4340:collapsed, with
4321:, also known as
4188:Russian Republic
4157:
4134:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4069:
4007:
4006:
3993:
3992:
3969:
3948:
3927:
3906:
3885:
3865:
3855:Chechen Republic
3848:
3831:
3820:
3819:
3717:USSR dissolution
3633:
3632:
3562:Collectivization
3480:Byelorussian SSR
3437:Russian Republic
3433:
3432:
3268:
3267:
3230:Treaty of Nystad
3158:
3157:
3072:
3071:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2976:
2966:
2948:
2947:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2847:
2794:
2745:
2590:Poland 1944–1989
2574:Operation Jungle
2493:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2441:
2292:
2202:
2200:
2194:
2183:
2182:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2037:, being second.
2002:
1921:
1883:Russian Republic
1861:established the
1850:(1870–1924) and
1835:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1815:
1813:
1772:
1748:
1740:
1678:building of the
1376:As chairman the
1343:
1342:
1329:
1328:
1311:
1310:
1293:
1292:
1275:
1274:
1257:
1256:
1239:
1238:
1221:
1220:
1203:
1202:
1195:Latvia (portion)
1189:
1188:
1175:
1174:
1161:
1160:
1145:
1144:
1128:
1127:
1114:
1113:
1096:
1095:
1078:
1077:
1060:
1059:
1042:
1041:
1024:
1023:
1006:
1005:
996:Russian Republic
988:
987:
981:
980:
965:
964:
858:25 December 1993
845:26 December 1991
832:25 December 1991
822:12 December 1991
817:Belovezh Accords
796:19 February 1954
776:30 December 1922
585:
499:-from 1929-1953
492:
490:Marxist–Leninist
469:
390:
286:
273:
272:
242:
241:
189:
188:
154:
153:
103:
83:
76:
58:
57:
56:
43:
42:
21:
18:Bolshevik Russia
10831:
10830:
10826:
10825:
10824:
10822:
10821:
10820:
10726:
10725:
10724:
10719:
10634:
10588:
10575:Soviet reaction
10561:Croatian Spring
10505:
10503:
10496:
10490:
10482:
10454:
10448:
10410:
10397:
10383:Berlin Blockade
10334:
10333:
10314:
10309:
10279:
10274:
10253:
10251:
10238:
10186:
10160:
10080:
9994:
9939:
9911:
9885:Internet domain
9880:Five-year plans
9842:
9809:
9749:
9652:
9614:
9546:Communist Party
9534:
9493:Passport system
9383:
9359:European Russia
9337:
9276:
9217:Khrushchev Thaw
9196:(World War II)
9174:Creation treaty
9128:
9122:
9092:
9087:
9074:
9067:
9054:
9013:Public holidays
9008:Political jokes
8993:Personification
8946:Names of Russia
8815:
8734:Life expectancy
8566:
8498:
8390:
8241:Law enforcement
8134:
8120:Protected areas
8017:Smolensk Upland
8012:Oka–Don Lowland
7992:European Russia
7933:
7872:
7758:Mongol invasion
7705:
7699:
7669:
7664:
7623:
7596:
7562:
7527:
7521:
7471:
7465:
7415:
7412:
7407:
7406:
7400:Wayback Machine
7391:
7387:
7382:Wayback Machine
7368:
7364:
7354:
7352:
7351:on 9 March 2014
7339:
7338:
7334:
7324:
7322:
7315:
7314:
7310:
7302:
7298:
7292:Wayback Machine
7279:
7275:
7269:Лукашевич Д. А.
7267:
7263:
7257:Станкевич З. А.
7255:
7251:
7243:
7239:
7234:Wayback Machine
7222:
7218:
7208:
7204:
7197:
7193:
7183:
7179:
7164:
7160:
7155:
7151:
7146:
7142:
7131:
7130:
7126:
7117:
7113:
7100:
7094:
7090:
7080:
7078:
7071:
7067:
7066:
7062:
7055:
7041:
7037:
7027:
7025:
7024:. February 2011
7016:
7015:
7011:
7001:
6999:
6984:
6980:
6970:
6968:
6961:
6945:
6941:
6934:
6918:
6914:
6901:
6897:
6890:
6874:
6870:
6857:
6853:
6840:
6836:
6822:
6820:
6810:
6806:
6799:
6783:
6779:
6772:
6756:
6752:
6745:
6729:
6725:
6715:
6713:
6704:
6703:
6699:
6693:Wayback Machine
6684:
6680:
6673:
6665:. p. 368.
6650:
6646:
6629:
6625:
6619:Wayback Machine
6610:
6603:
6596:
6582:
6575:
6564:
6544:
6540:
6527:
6525:
6523:
6506:
6502:
6489:
6487:
6485:
6463:
6459:
6452:
6445:
6440:
6436:
6429:
6425:
6418:
6414:
6404:
6402:
6395:
6379:
6375:
6365:
6363:
6359:
6348:
6342:
6338:
6332:Wayback Machine
6323:
6312:
6302:Wayback Machine
6292:
6288:
6281:
6267:
6258:
6252:Wayback Machine
6243:
6234:
6227:
6213:
6209:
6202:
6186:
6179:
6168:
6164:
6154:
6152:
6143:
6142:
6138:
6133:
6129:
6106:
6102:
6090:Wayback Machine
6076:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6061:
6048:
6044:
6034:
6033:
6025:
6017:
6013:
6000:
5982:
5971:
5967:
5962:
5940:
5935:
5934:
5933:
5930:
5927:
5918:
5915:
5906:
5903:
5894:
5891:
5882:
5879:
5838:version of the
5811:
5805:
5777:national flower
5761:Matryoshka doll
5710:Matryoshka doll
5692:military parade
5665:Valentine's Day
5649:
5641:Main articles:
5639:
5634:
5628:
5600:
5504:Stavropol Krays
5408:Udmurt Republic
5189:Dagestan Oblast
5022:
4998:
4992:
4986:
4908:Leonid Kravchuk
4904:Brest (Belarus)
4831:
4815:Main articles:
4813:
4790:Leonid Brezhnev
4778:
4740:Georgy Malenkov
4728:
4679:Island and the
4581:Communist Party
4530:
4520:
4465:Western Siberia
4429:
4405:Imperial Russia
4397:electrification
4291:
4176:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4158:
4150:
4149:
4146:Bolshevik party
4135:
4124:
4115:
4079:
4077:
4072:
4071:
4067:
4060:
4048:
4036:
4023:
4015:
4014:
3995:
3994:
3981:
3967:
3946:
3925:
3904:
3883:
3863:
3846:
3829:
3818:
3813:2022 annexation
3797:Mass emigration
3785:2020 amendments
3768:
3726:
3712:
3699:
3698:
3690:
3631:
3617:
3595:
3542:
3541:
3533:
3431:
3414:
3377:Kornilov affair
3355:
3354:
3346:
3315:Congress Poland
3293:Russian America
3266:
3254:1905 Revolution
3221:
3212:
3211:
3203:
3172:Vladimir-Suzdal
3156:
3148:Mongol conquest
3136:
3135:
3127:
3070:
3065:Russkaya Pravda
3060:Baptism of Rus'
3052:
3051:
3043:
3008:pre-9th century
2986:
2984:
2964:
2957:
2942:
2913:
2912:
2848:
2845:
2838:
2837:
2790:
2766:Berlin Blockade
2746:
2744:Cold War events
2743:
2736:
2735:
2659:Kazakhstan 1986
2490:
2485:
2483:
2476:
2475:
2442:
2439:
2432:
2431:
2293:
2290:
2283:
2282:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2180:
2171:
2165:
2031:
2000:
1966:Treaty of Tartu
1836:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1773:
1771:
1761:
1749:
1738:
1732:
1607:), established
1603:(unlike in the
1573:sovereign state
1558:Leonid Brezhnev
1468:socialist state
1430:
1416:
1405:
1340:
1326:
1321:China (portion)
1320:
1308:
1302:
1290:
1284:
1272:
1266:
1254:
1248:
1236:
1230:
1218:
1212:
1200:
1186:
1172:
1158:
1152:
1135:
1125:
1118:Japan (portion)
1111:
1103:
1093:
1085:
1075:
1067:
1057:
1049:
1039:
1031:
1021:
1013:
1003:
995:
985:
891:
855:
842:
829:
819:
806:
793:
773:
763:25 January 1918
760:
750:
740:7 November 1917
737:
723:
709:Interwar period
692:
686:
677:
664:
641:
629:
617:
587:
583:
571:
550:
535:
517:
497:Totalitarianism
485:
484:
462:
461:
435:
388:
363:
359:
352:
338:
331:
317:
309:Sovereign state
307:
293:
277:
274:
255:
252:
243:
202:
199:
190:
167:
164:
155:
148:
145:
122:
113:
112:
111:
108:
104:
96:
95:
92:
90:
88:
84:
77:
59:
52:
50:
48:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10829:
10819:
10818:
10813:
10808:
10803:
10798:
10793:
10788:
10783:
10778:
10773:
10768:
10763:
10758:
10753:
10748:
10743:
10738:
10721:
10720:
10718:
10717:
10716:
10715:
10705:
10700:
10695:
10690:
10685:
10680:
10675:
10670:
10665:
10660:
10655:
10648:
10642:
10640:
10636:
10635:
10633:
10632:
10627:
10622:
10617:
10612:
10607:
10596:
10594:
10590:
10589:
10587:
10586:
10581:
10568:
10563:
10558:
10553:
10544:
10539:
10534:
10529:
10524:
10519:
10514:
10508:
10506:
10501:
10498:
10497:
10495:
10494:
10486:
10478:
10473:
10468:
10462:
10460:
10456:
10455:
10453:
10452:
10444:
10439:
10434:
10429:
10424:
10419:
10414:
10405:
10403:
10399:
10398:
10396:
10395:
10390:
10385:
10380:
10375:
10374:
10373:
10368:
10363:
10358:
10348:
10342:
10340:
10336:
10335:
10332:
10331:
10326:
10320:
10319:
10316:
10315:
10308:
10307:
10300:
10293:
10285:
10276:
10275:
10273:
10272:
10262:
10247:
10244:
10243:
10240:
10239:
10237:
10236:
10231:
10230:
10229:
10219:
10218:
10217:
10207:
10206:
10205:
10194:
10192:
10188:
10187:
10185:
10184:
10183:
10182:
10170:
10168:
10162:
10161:
10159:
10158:
10153:
10148:
10143:
10138:
10133:
10128:
10123:
10122:
10121:
10111:
10106:
10101:
10096:
10090:
10088:
10082:
10081:
10079:
10078:
10073:
10068:
10067:
10066:
10061:
10051:
10046:
10041:
10040:
10039:
10034:
10029:
10019:
10014:
10008:
10002:
9996:
9995:
9993:
9992:
9991:
9990:
9980:
9975:
9970:
9965:
9960:
9955:
9949:
9947:
9941:
9940:
9938:
9937:
9936:
9935:
9930:
9928:Rail transport
9925:
9923:Railway system
9915:
9907:
9902:
9897:
9892:
9887:
9882:
9877:
9872:
9867:
9862:
9856:
9854:
9848:
9847:
9844:
9843:
9841:
9840:
9835:
9830:
9825:
9819:
9817:
9811:
9810:
9808:
9807:
9802:
9797:
9796:
9795:
9785:
9780:
9775:
9770:
9765:
9759:
9757:
9751:
9750:
9748:
9747:
9746:
9745:
9719:
9718:
9717:
9712:
9702:
9697:
9696:
9695:
9685:
9684:
9683:
9673:
9668:
9662:
9660:
9654:
9653:
9651:
9650:
9645:
9643:Deputy Premier
9640:
9635:
9634:
9633:
9626:Heads of state
9622:
9620:
9616:
9615:
9613:
9612:
9611:
9610:
9600:
9594:
9591:Supreme Soviet
9588:
9582:
9581:
9580:
9575:
9574:
9573:
9568:
9558:
9553:
9542:
9540:
9536:
9535:
9533:
9532:
9527:
9526:
9525:
9520:
9515:
9508:State ideology
9505:
9500:
9495:
9490:
9489:
9488:
9478:
9473:
9468:
9467:
9466:
9456:
9455:
9454:
9444:
9439:
9438:
9437:
9427:
9422:
9421:
9420:
9415:
9404:
9402:
9395:
9389:
9388:
9385:
9384:
9382:
9381:
9376:
9374:Ural Mountains
9371:
9366:
9364:North Caucasus
9361:
9356:
9351:
9345:
9343:
9339:
9338:
9336:
9335:
9330:
9325:
9324:
9323:
9313:
9308:
9307:
9306:
9295:
9293:
9284:
9278:
9277:
9275:
9274:
9269:
9264:
9259:
9254:
9249:
9244:
9239:
9234:
9229:
9224:
9219:
9214:
9209:
9208:
9207:
9202:
9191:
9186:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9166:
9161:
9160:
9159:
9154:
9144:
9138:
9136:
9130:
9129:
9121:
9120:
9113:
9106:
9098:
9089:
9088:
9086:
9085:
9080:
9073:
9072:
9064:
9063:
9060:
9059:
9056:
9055:
9053:
9052:
9047:
9046:
9045:
9035:
9030:
9025:
9020:
9015:
9010:
9005:
9000:
8995:
8990:
8985:
8980:
8979:
8978:
8973:
8968:
8958:
8953:
8948:
8943:
8938:
8933:
8928:
8923:
8918:
8913:
8908:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8888:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8867:
8866:
8856:
8851:
8846:
8841:
8836:
8831:
8825:
8823:
8817:
8816:
8814:
8813:
8812:
8811:
8801:
8796:
8791:
8786:
8781:
8776:
8771:
8766:
8761:
8756:
8751:
8746:
8741:
8736:
8731:
8726:
8725:
8724:
8719:
8709:
8708:
8707:
8697:
8696:
8695:
8690:
8685:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8650:
8645:
8640:
8635:
8630:
8625:
8620:
8615:
8610:
8605:
8600:
8595:
8590:
8584:
8578:
8572:
8571:
8568:
8567:
8565:
8564:
8559:
8554:
8549:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8527:Space industry
8524:
8519:
8514:
8513:
8512:
8502:
8494:
8489:
8484:
8479:
8474:
8469:
8464:
8459:
8454:
8449:
8444:
8439:
8434:
8429:
8424:
8419:
8414:
8408:
8402:
8396:
8395:
8392:
8391:
8389:
8388:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8366:Urban planning
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
8283:
8278:
8273:
8268:
8263:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8218:
8213:
8203:
8201:Federal budget
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8152:
8146:
8140:
8139:
8136:
8135:
8133:
8132:
8127:
8122:
8117:
8112:
8110:North Caucasus
8107:
8106:
8105:
8100:
8095:
8085:
8084:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8063:
8062:
8061:
8051:
8046:
8044:Highest points
8041:
8036:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8020:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7989:
7987:Extreme points
7984:
7983:
7982:
7972:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7951:
7945:
7939:
7938:
7935:
7934:
7932:
7931:
7926:
7921:
7916:
7911:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7880:
7878:
7874:
7873:
7871:
7870:
7869:
7868:
7858:
7857:
7856:
7851:
7846:
7836:
7835:
7834:
7829:
7819:
7814:
7813:
7812:
7802:
7800:Russian Empire
7797:
7796:
7795:
7785:
7780:
7779:
7778:
7773:
7768:
7760:
7755:
7750:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7730:
7724:
7722:
7713:
7707:
7706:
7704: articles
7698:
7697:
7690:
7683:
7675:
7666:
7665:
7663:
7662:
7656:
7650:
7644:
7638:
7631:
7629:
7625:
7624:
7622:
7621:
7615:
7608:
7606:
7602:
7601:
7598:
7597:
7595:
7594:
7589:
7587:Lithuanian SSR
7584:
7579:
7573:
7571:
7564:
7563:
7561:
7560:
7555:
7550:
7545:
7540:
7534:
7532:
7523:
7522:
7520:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7499:
7497:Azerbaijan SSR
7494:
7488:
7486:
7477:
7473:
7472:
7464:
7463:
7456:
7449:
7441:
7435:
7434:
7429:
7421:
7411:
7410:External links
7408:
7405:
7404:
7385:
7362:
7332:
7308:
7296:
7273:
7261:
7249:
7237:
7216:
7202:
7191:
7177:
7158:
7149:
7140:
7124:
7111:
7088:
7060:
7053:
7035:
7009:
6978:
6959:
6939:
6932:
6912:
6895:
6888:
6868:
6851:
6834:
6804:
6797:
6777:
6770:
6750:
6743:
6723:
6697:
6678:
6671:
6653:White, Matthew
6644:
6623:
6601:
6594:
6573:
6538:
6521:
6500:
6483:
6457:
6443:
6434:
6423:
6412:
6393:
6373:
6336:
6310:
6286:
6279:
6256:
6232:
6225:
6207:
6200:
6177:
6162:
6136:
6127:
6122:Lenin's Legacy
6100:
6078:Arthur Ransome
6069:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6060:
6059:
6042:
6011:
6009:
6008:
5991:
5964:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5939:
5938:Bibliographies
5936:
5932:
5931:
5928:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5873:
5870:
5869:
5868:
5856:Russian Empire
5828:vexillological
5807:Main article:
5804:
5801:
5765:Moscow Kremlin
5679:(7 November).
5638:
5635:
5627:
5624:
5599:
5596:
5595:
5594:
5591:Stavropol Krai
5580:
5570:
5560:
5550:
5536:
5500:Stavropol Kray
5477:
5463:
5437:
5434:Stavropol Krai
5430:Krasnodar Krai
5411:
5397:
5386:Mordovian ASSR
5383:
5369:
5355:
5345:
5330:
5308:
5290:
5268:
5254:
5231:Verkhovna Rada
5192:
5182:
5156:
5110:
5091:
5073:
5026:Turkestan ASSR
5021:
5018:
4988:Main article:
4985:
4982:
4812:
4809:
4777:
4774:
4727:
4724:
4656:in 1944–1945.
4633:, becoming an
4519:
4516:
4499:). The former
4453:North Caucasus
4428:
4425:
4290:
4287:
4283:several states
4263:Russian Empire
4159:
4152:
4151:
4138:Vladimir Lenin
4136:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4106:
4099:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4074:
4073:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4011:
4010:
4008:
3972:
3971:
3960:
3951:
3950:
3939:
3936:Kherson Oblast
3930:
3929:
3918:
3909:
3908:
3897:
3888:
3887:
3876:
3867:
3866:
3857:
3850:
3849:
3840:
3833:
3832:
3826:
3817:
3816:
3693:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3686:
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3665:
3664:
3661:
3654:
3653:
3650:
3643:
3642:
3639:
3630:
3629:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3518:
3517:
3514:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3493:
3486:
3485:
3482:
3475:
3474:
3471:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3430:
3429:
3393:Bolshevik Coup
3349:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3337:Uryankhay Krai
3332:
3331:
3328:
3321:
3320:
3317:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3282:Russian Empire
3278:
3277:
3274:
3265:
3264:
3209:Tsarist Russia
3206:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3155:
3154:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3102:
3101:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3069:
3068:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3015:Rus' Khaganate
3010:
3009:
3006:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2969:
2968:
2959:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2873:January Events
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2849:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2701:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2684:Lithuania 1991
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2548:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2500:
2499:
2491:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2451:
2443:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2423:
2409:
2404:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2340:Czechoslovakia
2337:
2332:
2327:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2300:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2204:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2176:
2175:
2164:
2161:
2126:Azerbaijan SSR
2118:Lithuanian SSR
2090:Belarusian SSR
2030:
2027:
1970:Irish Republic
1887:Russian Empire
1848:Vladimir Lenin
1838:
1837:
1752:
1750:
1743:
1736:Name of Russia
1731:
1728:
1680:Moscow Kremlin
1599:, established
1480:sovereign part
1432:
1431:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1400:Imperial ruble
1396:
1390:
1387:
1381:
1374:
1367:
1364:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1323:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1295:
1294:
1287:
1277:
1276:
1269:
1259:
1258:
1251:
1241:
1240:
1233:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1205:
1204:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1129:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1107:
1106:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1079:
1071:
1070:
1061:
1053:
1052:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1025:
1017:
1016:
1007:
999:
998:
989:
977:
976:
971:
961:
960:
955:
949:
948:
943:
937:
936:
931:
927:
926:
919:
915:
914:
904:
900:
899:
896:
895:
892:
889:
886:
885:
882:
881:
877:
876:
873:
869:
868:
864:
863:
860:
859:
856:
850:
847:
846:
843:
837:
834:
833:
830:
827:
824:
823:
820:
814:
811:
810:
807:
801:
798:
797:
794:
781:
778:
777:
774:
768:
765:
764:
761:
758:
755:
754:
751:
745:
742:
741:
738:
732:
729:
728:
725:
724:
722:
721:
716:
711:
706:
700:
698:
697:Historical era
694:
693:
691:
690:
681:
679:Supreme Soviet
672:
658:
656:
652:
651:
648:
647:
642:
639:
636:
635:
630:
627:
624:
623:
621:Vladimir Lenin
618:
615:
612:
611:
608:
607:
604:
598:
597:
594:
593:
588:
581:
578:
577:
572:
569:
566:
565:
562:
561:
558:
552:
551:
549:
548:
530:
512:
479:
455:
453:
449:
448:
443:
437:
436:
434:
433:
427:
417:
406:
404:
400:
399:
391:
385:
384:
379:
375:
374:
369:
365:
364:
362:
361:
354:
346:
344:
340:
339:
337:
336:
325:
319:Union Republic
311:
301:
299:
295:
294:
287:
279:
278:
276:
275:
246:
244:
193:
191:
158:
156:
139:
136:
129:
128:
115:
114:
105:
98:
97:
85:
78:
71:
70:
69:
66:
65:
61:
60:
51:
46:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10828:
10817:
10814:
10812:
10809:
10807:
10804:
10802:
10799:
10797:
10794:
10792:
10789:
10787:
10784:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10772:
10769:
10767:
10764:
10762:
10759:
10757:
10754:
10752:
10749:
10747:
10744:
10742:
10739:
10737:
10734:
10733:
10731:
10714:
10713:Yugoslav Wars
10711:
10710:
10709:
10706:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10689:
10686:
10684:
10681:
10679:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10653:
10649:
10647:
10644:
10643:
10641:
10637:
10631:
10628:
10626:
10623:
10621:
10618:
10616:
10613:
10611:
10608:
10605:
10601:
10598:
10597:
10595:
10591:
10585:
10582:
10580:
10576:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10564:
10562:
10559:
10557:
10554:
10552:
10548:
10547:Prague Spring
10545:
10543:
10540:
10538:
10535:
10533:
10530:
10528:
10525:
10523:
10520:
10518:
10515:
10513:
10510:
10509:
10507:
10499:
10493:
10487:
10485:
10479:
10477:
10474:
10472:
10469:
10467:
10464:
10463:
10461:
10459:Organizations
10457:
10451:
10445:
10443:
10440:
10438:
10435:
10433:
10430:
10428:
10425:
10423:
10420:
10418:
10415:
10413:
10407:
10406:
10404:
10400:
10394:
10391:
10389:
10386:
10384:
10381:
10379:
10376:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10362:
10361:Baltic states
10359:
10357:
10354:
10353:
10352:
10349:
10347:
10344:
10343:
10341:
10337:
10330:
10327:
10325:
10322:
10321:
10317:
10313:
10306:
10301:
10299:
10294:
10292:
10287:
10286:
10283:
10271:
10263:
10261:
10260:
10249:
10248:
10245:
10235:
10232:
10228:
10225:
10224:
10223:
10220:
10216:
10213:
10212:
10211:
10208:
10204:
10201:
10200:
10199:
10196:
10195:
10193:
10189:
10181:
10178:
10177:
10175:
10172:
10171:
10169:
10167:
10163:
10157:
10154:
10152:
10149:
10147:
10144:
10142:
10139:
10137:
10134:
10132:
10131:Printed media
10129:
10127:
10124:
10120:
10117:
10116:
10115:
10112:
10110:
10107:
10105:
10102:
10100:
10097:
10095:
10092:
10091:
10089:
10087:
10083:
10077:
10074:
10072:
10069:
10065:
10064:Cyrillisation
10062:
10060:
10057:
10056:
10055:
10052:
10050:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10038:
10035:
10033:
10032:Working class
10030:
10028:
10027:Soviet people
10025:
10024:
10023:
10020:
10018:
10015:
10013:
10010:
10009:
10006:
10003:
10001:
9997:
9989:
9986:
9985:
9984:
9981:
9979:
9976:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9954:
9951:
9950:
9948:
9946:
9942:
9934:
9931:
9929:
9926:
9924:
9921:
9920:
9919:
9916:
9914:
9908:
9906:
9903:
9901:
9898:
9896:
9893:
9891:
9888:
9886:
9883:
9881:
9878:
9876:
9875:Energy policy
9873:
9871:
9868:
9866:
9863:
9861:
9858:
9857:
9855:
9853:
9849:
9839:
9836:
9834:
9831:
9829:
9826:
9824:
9821:
9820:
9818:
9816:
9812:
9806:
9803:
9801:
9798:
9794:
9791:
9790:
9789:
9786:
9784:
9781:
9779:
9776:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9760:
9758:
9756:
9752:
9744:
9740:
9736:
9732:
9728:
9725:
9724:
9723:
9720:
9716:
9713:
9711:
9708:
9707:
9706:
9703:
9701:
9698:
9694:
9691:
9690:
9689:
9686:
9682:
9679:
9678:
9677:
9674:
9672:
9669:
9667:
9664:
9663:
9661:
9659:
9655:
9649:
9646:
9644:
9641:
9639:
9636:
9632:
9629:
9628:
9627:
9624:
9623:
9621:
9617:
9609:
9606:
9605:
9604:
9603:Supreme Court
9601:
9598:
9595:
9592:
9589:
9586:
9583:
9579:
9576:
9572:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9563:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9552:
9549:
9548:
9547:
9544:
9543:
9541:
9537:
9531:
9528:
9524:
9521:
9519:
9516:
9514:
9511:
9510:
9509:
9506:
9504:
9501:
9499:
9496:
9494:
9491:
9487:
9484:
9483:
9482:
9479:
9477:
9474:
9472:
9469:
9465:
9462:
9461:
9460:
9457:
9453:
9450:
9449:
9448:
9445:
9443:
9440:
9436:
9433:
9432:
9431:
9428:
9426:
9423:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9410:
9409:
9406:
9405:
9403:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9390:
9380:
9377:
9375:
9372:
9370:
9367:
9365:
9362:
9360:
9357:
9355:
9352:
9350:
9347:
9346:
9344:
9340:
9334:
9331:
9329:
9326:
9322:
9319:
9318:
9317:
9314:
9312:
9309:
9305:
9302:
9301:
9300:
9297:
9296:
9294:
9292:
9288:
9285:
9283:
9279:
9273:
9270:
9268:
9265:
9263:
9260:
9258:
9255:
9253:
9250:
9248:
9245:
9243:
9240:
9238:
9235:
9233:
9230:
9228:
9225:
9223:
9220:
9218:
9215:
9213:
9210:
9206:
9205:The Holocaust
9203:
9201:
9198:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9190:
9187:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9158:
9155:
9153:
9150:
9149:
9148:
9145:
9143:
9140:
9139:
9137:
9135:
9131:
9126:
9119:
9114:
9112:
9107:
9105:
9100:
9099:
9096:
9084:
9081:
9079:
9076:
9075:
9070:
9066:
9065:
9061:
9051:
9048:
9044:
9041:
9040:
9039:
9036:
9034:
9033:Seven Wonders
9031:
9029:
9026:
9024:
9021:
9019:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9009:
9006:
9004:
9001:
8999:
8998:Playing cards
8996:
8994:
8991:
8989:
8986:
8984:
8981:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8963:
8962:
8959:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8929:
8927:
8924:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8865:
8862:
8861:
8860:
8857:
8855:
8852:
8850:
8847:
8845:
8842:
8840:
8837:
8835:
8832:
8830:
8827:
8826:
8824:
8822:
8818:
8810:
8807:
8806:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8797:
8795:
8792:
8790:
8787:
8785:
8782:
8780:
8777:
8775:
8772:
8770:
8767:
8765:
8762:
8760:
8757:
8755:
8752:
8750:
8747:
8745:
8742:
8740:
8737:
8735:
8732:
8730:
8727:
8723:
8720:
8718:
8715:
8714:
8713:
8710:
8706:
8703:
8702:
8701:
8698:
8694:
8693:Mental health
8691:
8689:
8686:
8684:
8681:
8680:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8653:Ethnic groups
8651:
8649:
8646:
8644:
8641:
8639:
8636:
8634:
8631:
8629:
8626:
8624:
8621:
8619:
8616:
8614:
8611:
8609:
8606:
8604:
8601:
8599:
8596:
8594:
8591:
8589:
8586:
8585:
8582:
8579:
8577:
8573:
8563:
8560:
8558:
8555:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8511:
8508:
8507:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8495:
8493:
8490:
8488:
8485:
8483:
8480:
8478:
8475:
8473:
8470:
8468:
8465:
8463:
8460:
8458:
8455:
8453:
8450:
8448:
8445:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8435:
8433:
8430:
8428:
8425:
8423:
8420:
8418:
8415:
8413:
8410:
8409:
8406:
8403:
8401:
8397:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8356:Civil defense
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8337:
8334:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8307:
8304:
8302:
8301:Media freedom
8299:
8297:
8294:
8292:
8289:
8287:
8284:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8267:
8264:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8249:
8246:
8242:
8239:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8226:
8222:
8219:
8217:
8214:
8211:
8207:
8204:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8186:Criminal code
8184:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8166:Civil Service
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8153:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8141:
8131:
8128:
8126:
8123:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8113:
8111:
8108:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8090:
8089:
8086:
8082:
8079:
8077:
8074:
8072:
8069:
8068:
8067:
8064:
8060:
8057:
8056:
8055:
8052:
8050:
8047:
8045:
8042:
8040:
8037:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7994:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7981:
7978:
7977:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7952:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7940:
7930:
7927:
7925:
7922:
7920:
7917:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7882:
7881:
7879:
7875:
7867:
7864:
7863:
7862:
7859:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7845:
7842:
7841:
7840:
7837:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7827:Russian state
7825:
7824:
7823:
7820:
7818:
7815:
7811:
7808:
7807:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7794:
7791:
7790:
7789:
7786:
7784:
7781:
7777:
7774:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7763:
7761:
7759:
7756:
7754:
7751:
7749:
7746:
7744:
7741:
7739:
7736:
7734:
7731:
7729:
7726:
7725:
7723:
7721:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7708:
7703:
7696:
7691:
7689:
7684:
7682:
7677:
7676:
7673:
7660:
7657:
7654:
7651:
7648:
7645:
7642:
7639:
7636:
7633:
7632:
7630:
7626:
7619:
7616:
7613:
7610:
7609:
7607:
7603:
7593:
7592:Moldavian SSR
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7574:
7572:
7570:
7565:
7559:
7556:
7554:
7551:
7549:
7546:
7544:
7541:
7539:
7536:
7535:
7533:
7531:
7524:
7518:
7517:Ukrainian SSR
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7503:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7493:
7490:
7489:
7487:
7485:
7481:
7478:
7474:
7469:
7462:
7457:
7455:
7450:
7448:
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7224:Воронин Ю. М.
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7210:Бабурин С. Н.
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7108:(in Russian).
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6353:Pubs.USGS.gov
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6308:), article I.
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5740:and the full
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5291:
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5280:
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5207:Baron Wrangel
5205:'s defeat of
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5196:
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5185:Dagestan ASSR
5183:
5180:
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5172:
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5159:Mountain ASSR
5157:
5154:
5150:
5146:
5142:
5138:
5137:Kazakh people
5134:
5130:
5126:
5125:Semipalatinsk
5122:
5118:
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5107:
5103:
5100:populated by
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4909:
4905:
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4896:
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4886:
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4879:
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4874:Boris Yeltsin
4871:
4867:
4858:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4836:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4808:
4807:was adopted.
4806:
4801:
4799:
4795:
4791:
4782:
4773:
4771:
4767:
4762:
4760:
4759:Karelian ASSR
4756:
4751:
4749:
4748:Ukrainian SSR
4745:
4741:
4732:
4723:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4709:
4705:
4704:German Empire
4701:
4697:
4692:
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4682:
4681:Kuril Islands
4678:
4674:
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4657:
4655:
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4616:collaboration
4613:
4609:
4604:
4602:
4598:
4594:
4590:
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4578:
4577:Joseph Stalin
4574:
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4391:ектрификации
4390:
4386:
4382:
4377:
4375:
4371:
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4363:
4359:
4355:
4352:approved the
4351:
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4320:
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4271:Eastern Front
4268:
4267:German Empire
4264:
4260:
4256:
4251:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4226:), property (
4225:
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3798:
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3790:
3786:
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3781:War in Donbas
3778:
3774:
3770:
3764:
3763:Five-Days War
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3735:Privatization
3732:
3728:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3697:
3696:Modern Russia
3684:
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3528:
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3509:
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3504:
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3501:Russian State
3499:
3498:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3470:
3469:Ukrainian SSR
3466:
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3461:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3428:
3424:
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3419:War Communism
3416:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3368:Dvoyevlastiye
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3333:
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3141:
3138:
3137:
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3119:
3114:
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3109:
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3106:Rostov-Suzdal
3104:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3079:
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3076:Novgorod Land
3074:
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3057:
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2799:
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2782:
2779:
2777:
2776:Secret Speech
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2751:Marshall Plan
2749:
2748:
2740:
2739:
2728:
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2710:
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2504:
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2449:
2445:
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2436:
2435:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2417:
2416:North Vietnam
2413:
2410:
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2405:
2402:
2399:
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2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
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2103:
2099:
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2091:
2087:
2083:
2082:Ukrainian SSR
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2044:on the west;
2043:
2038:
2036:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2011:official name
2008:
2003:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1925:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1897:the previous
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1823:
1820:February 2022
1812:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1784:
1781: –
1780:
1776:
1775:Find sources:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1753:This section
1751:
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1741:
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1727:
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1712:
1710:
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1657:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1613:Boris Yeltsin
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1517:urban centers
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1458:Soviet Russia
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1401:
1395:
1386:
1379:
1372:
1362:
1359:Remained the
1357:
1354:
1338:
1336:
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1014:Russian State
1012:
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975:
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941:ISO 3166 code
938:
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905:
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865:
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844:
841:
835:
831:
825:
821:
818:
812:
808:
805:
799:
795:
792:
791:Ukrainian SSR
788:
785:
779:
775:
772:
766:
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749:
743:
739:
736:
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659:
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646:
645:Boris Yeltsin
643:
637:
634:
631:
625:
622:
619:
613:
609:
605:
603:
599:
595:
592:
591:Boris Yeltsin
589:
579:
576:
573:
567:
563:
559:
557:
556:Head of state
553:
547:
544:
541:
538:
534:
531:
529:
526:
525:parliamentary
523:
520:
516:
513:
511:
508:
505:
502:
501:parliamentary
498:
495:
491:
488:
483:
480:
478:
475:
472:
468:
467:parliamentary
465:
460:
457:
456:
454:
450:
447:
444:
442:
438:
431:
428:
425:
421:
420:State atheism
418:
415:
411:
410:Secular state
408:
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401:
398:
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110:
102:
94:
82:
75:
67:
62:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
10751:Eastern Bloc
10650:
10324:Soviet Union
10312:Eastern Bloc
10250:
10022:Demographics
10012:Antisemitism
9865:Central Bank
9783:Forced labor
9731:Spetsnaz GRU
9551:organisation
9459:Human rights
9408:Constitution
9291:Subdivisions
9169:Russian SFSR
9168:
9125:Soviet Union
8971:Coat of arms
8931:Martial arts
8839:Army culture
8829:Architecture
8799:Witch trials
8754:Prostitution
8700:Human rights
8633:Demographics
8547:Trade unions
8517:Shipbuilding
8477:Homelessness
8437:Central Bank
8432:Car industry
8271:Conservatism
8181:Constitution
8176:Conscription
7849:Eastern Bloc
7839:Soviet Union
7832:Russian SFSR
7831:
7762:Feudal Rus'
7641:Bukharan SSR
7635:SSR Abkhazia
7577:Estonian SSR
7530:Russian SFSR
7529:
7512:Russian SFSR
7511:
7507:Georgian SSR
7492:Armenian SSR
7424:
7416:(in Russian)
7388:
7365:
7353:. Retrieved
7349:the original
7344:
7335:
7323:. Retrieved
7319:
7311:
7299:
7276:
7268:
7264:
7256:
7252:
7245:Исаков В. Б.
7244:
7240:
7223:
7219:
7209:
7205:
7194:
7184:
7180:
7170:
7161:
7152:
7143:
7133:
7127:
7114:
7103:
7091:
7079:. Retrieved
7075:the original
7063:
7044:
7038:
7026:. Retrieved
7022:Necrometrics
7021:
7012:
7000:. Retrieved
6991:
6981:
6969:. Retrieved
6949:
6942:
6922:
6915:
6905:
6898:
6878:
6871:
6861:
6854:
6844:
6837:
6828:
6821:. Retrieved
6817:
6807:
6787:
6780:
6760:
6753:
6733:
6726:
6714:. Retrieved
6700:
6681:
6663:W. W. Norton
6657:
6647:
6635:
6631:
6626:
6585:
6552:
6541:
6533:
6526:. Retrieved
6511:
6503:
6495:
6488:. Retrieved
6468:
6460:
6437:
6426:
6415:
6403:. Retrieved
6383:
6376:
6364:. Retrieved
6352:
6339:
6289:
6270:
6216:
6210:
6190:
6165:
6153:. Retrieved
6139:
6130:
6120:
6116:
6103:
6093:
6073:
6045:
6014:
5968:
5824:World War II
5812:
5803:Flag history
5789:Russian bear
5758:
5715:
5681:
5661:Mother's Day
5650:
5620:
5616:
5609:
5601:
5511:
5456:Georgian SSR
5358:Kirghiz ASSR
5348:Chuvash ASSR
5337:Kirghiz ASSR
5195:Crimean ASSR
5076:Bashkir ASSR
5066:Kara-Kirghiz
5046:Bukharan PSR
4999:
4978:
4947:
4897:
4882:
4878:popular vote
4863:
4845:adopted the
4832:
4802:
4787:
4770:Russian SFSR
4763:
4752:
4737:
4712:East Prussia
4710:province of
4693:
4670:
4639:
4624:
4605:
4601:Georgian SSR
4597:World War II
4570:
4539:
4513:
4481:Kirghiz ASSR
4438:
4417:
4413:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4378:
4347:
4330:black market
4327:
4316:
4252:
4230:), justice (
4214:Soviets and
4208:
4177:
4161:Leon Trotsky
4142:Soviet Union
4003:
3997:
3989:
3983:
3978:full list...
3976:
3962:
3955:
3941:
3934:
3920:
3913:
3899:
3892:
3878:
3871:
3809:Mobilization
3801:Debt default
3743:Chechen wars
3694:since 1991:
3671:full list...
3669:
3648:Russian SFSR
3637:Soviet Union
3554:Korenization
3524:full list...
3522:
3458:Russian SFSR
3367:
3226:Zemsky Sobor
3194:full list...
3192:
3118:full list...
3116:
3063:
3049:Ancient Rus'
2722:to Hong Kong
2717:East Germany
2669:Tbilisi 1989
2654:Romania 1977
2622:Hungary 1956
2617:Georgia 1956
2453:
2446:
2345:East Germany
2257:
2172:Eastern Bloc
2150:
2134:Georgian SSR
2102:Estonian SSR
2039:
2032:
2014:
2004:
1997:
1980:
1974:
1947:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1910:
1907:
1852:Leon Trotsky
1841:
1826:
1817:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1774:
1762:Please help
1757:verification
1754:
1730:Nomenclature
1713:
1684:Russian flag
1658:(and former
1653:
1648:
1629:
1595:adopted the
1581:constitution
1579:. The first
1566:
1545:
1509:ethnic group
1476:Soviet Union
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1442:Russian SFSR
1441:
1437:
1435:
1317:
1299:
1281:
1263:
1245:
1227:
1213:Soviet Union
1209:
1149:
1132:
1100:
1082:
1064:
1046:
1028:
1010:
992:
974:Succeeded by
973:
968:
953:Internet TLD
930:Calling code
907:Soviet ruble
890:• 1989
809:12 June 1990
714:World War II
683:
674:
661:
633:Ivan Silayev
532:
514:
481:
458:
423:
413:
393:
368:Largest city
327:
323:Soviet Union
313:
304:
290:Soviet Union
132:
119:Motto:
118:
91:Bottom: Flag
40:
32:Soviet Union
10639:Dissolution
10579:Martial law
10502:Revolts and
10476:Warsaw Pact
10126:Phraseology
10071:Prohibition
10059:Linguistics
10044:Drug policy
10037:1989 census
9958:Cybernetics
9860:Agriculture
9773:Great Purge
9735:Soviet Navy
9727:Soviet Army
9599:(1989–1991)
9593:(1938–1991)
9587:(1922–1936)
9571:Secretariat
9442:Gun control
9349:Caspian Sea
9333:Closed city
9262:Dissolution
9247:Perestroika
9189:Great Purge
9023:tea culture
8876:Fairy tales
8739:Open access
8712:Immigration
8673:Gun control
8412:Agriculture
8381:Term limits
8291:Martial law
8286:Nationalism
8281:Irredentism
8276:Imperialism
8059:Caspian Sea
7975:Environment
7970:Earthquakes
7866:Union State
7854:Dissolution
7753:Kievan Rus'
7743:Early Slavs
7661:(1990–1991)
7655:(1990–1991)
7653:Abkhaz ASSR
7649:(1920–1924)
7647:Khorezm SSR
7643:(1920–1924)
7637:(1921–1931)
7620:(1922–1936)
7614:(1940–1956)
7605:Short-lived
7582:Latvian SSR
7567:Annexed in
7553:Kirghiz SSR
7543:Turkmen SSR
7470:(1922–1991)
7355:17 November
7325:17 November
7028:12 December
6818:Prof.Msu.RU
6716:22 November
6057:until 1993.
5820:right angle
5712:taken apart
5673:Victory Day
5414:Kalmyk ASSR
5400:Udmurt ASSR
5271:Buryat ASSR
5133:Bukey Horde
5129:Transcaspia
5113:Kirgiz ASSR
5070:Kara-Kalpak
5050:Turkmen SSR
5042:Khorezm SSR
4962:Soviet flag
4851:War of Laws
4811:Early 1990s
4776:1960s–1980s
4566:Volga River
4477:Kazakh ASSR
4469:Kazakh ASSR
4334:martial law
3703:August Coup
3626:War of Laws
3608:Perestroika
3586:Warsaw Pact
3574:Great Purge
3537:1923–1991:
3401:White Guard
3381:Directorate
3350:1917–1923:
3207:1480–1917:
3133:Feudal Rus'
3131:1240–1480:
3004:Rus' people
2996:Early Slavs
2963:History of
2808:Vietnam War
2798:Berlin Wall
2727:North Korea
2664:Brașov 1987
2632:Prague 1968
2595:Poznań 1956
2448:Warsaw Pact
2407:South Yemen
2385:North Korea
2298:Afghanistan
2218:Byelorussia
2110:Latvian SSR
2062:North Korea
2054:Scandinavia
1991:before the
1895:Nicholas II
1672:Soviet flag
1562:perestroika
1529:Novosibirsk
1462:independent
1423:sovereignty
1363:until 2000.
1249:Turkmen SSR
969:Preceded by
894:147,386,000
787:transferred
771:USSR formed
704:World War I
655:Legislature
575:Lev Kamenev
540:multi-party
522:multi-party
360:(1918–1991)
353:(1917–1918)
253:(1990–1991)
200:(1944–1990)
165:(1918–1944)
146:(1917–1918)
109:(1978–1991)
93:(1954–1991)
89:(1918–1937)
10730:Categories
10593:Conditions
10571:Solidarity
10504:opposition
10166:Opposition
10156:Television
10136:Propaganda
10109:Literature
9983:Naukograds
9978:Sharashkas
9912:(currency)
9890:Inventions
9833:Censorship
9763:Red Terror
9447:Government
9321:Autonomous
9304:Autonomous
9237:Stagnation
9200:Evacuation
9028:Television
9003:Philosophy
8936:Mass media
8926:Literature
8921:Inventions
8683:Healthcare
8618:Corruption
8608:Censorship
8499:(currency)
8376:Separatism
8321:Opposition
8306:Neo-Nazism
8296:Monarchism
8266:Liberalism
8261:Propaganda
8221:Government
8088:North Asia
7889:Journalism
7748:East Slavs
7738:Sarmatians
7548:Kazakh SSR
7345:www.nsc.ru
7002:27 October
6823:9 February
6569:required.)
6522:0804744939
6490:25 January
6431:Article 72
6420:Article 76
6394:0898757258
6111:, and the
6065:References
5750:Red Banner
5696:Red Square
5630:See also:
5333:Kazak ASSR
5257:Yakut ASSR
5094:Tatar ASSR
5058:Tajik ASSR
5008:until the
4994:See also:
4984:Government
4958:Presidency
4720:Königsberg
4620:separatism
4558:Stalingrad
4522:See also:
4509:Uzbekistan
4497:Kyrgyzstan
4489:Kazakhstan
4485:Kazakh SSR
4467:, and the
4463:, part of
4461:the Crimea
4244:healthcare
4204:casualties
4182:headed by
3769:amendments
3681:Tannu Tuva
3604:Afghan War
3539:Soviet Era
3047:879–1240:
2988:Prehistory
2818:Afghan War
2771:Korean War
2607:Plzeň 1953
2486:Opposition
2426:Yugoslavia
2380:Mozambique
2278:Uzbekistan
2263:Tajikistan
2233:Kazakhstan
2213:Azerbaijan
2146:Kazakhstan
2142:Kazakh SSR
2130:Azerbaijan
2035:Kazakh SSR
1859:communists
1844:leadership
1842:Under the
1790:newspapers
1734:See also:
1533:Sverdlovsk
1525:Stalingrad
1499:and forty
1285:Kazakh SSR
925:+2 to +12)
880:Population
684:1990–1991:
675:1938–1990:
662:1917–1938:
515:1990–1991:
482:1921–1990:
459:1917–1921:
452:Government
441:Demonym(s)
432:(majority)
305:1917–1922:
10652:Die Wende
10625:Economies
10466:Cominform
10449:(to 1948)
10411:(to 1961)
10339:Formation
10329:Communism
10227:Republics
10215:Republics
10203:Republics
10054:Languages
9918:Transport
9800:Holodomor
9693:Militsiya
9631:President
9523:Stalinism
9425:Elections
9299:Republics
9282:Geography
9272:Nostalgia
9184:Stalinism
8886:Festivals
8779:Sociology
8729:Languages
8648:Education
8552:Transport
8386:Terrorism
8231:Judiciary
8225:Apparatus
8191:Elections
8156:Anarchism
8130:Far North
8081:Volcanoes
8066:Mountains
7943:Geography
7822:Civil war
7733:Scythians
7558:Uzbek SSR
7538:Tajik SSR
7476:Principal
6630:Carr, EH
6384:Petroleum
5917:1954–1991
5905:1937–1954
5893:1918–1937
5881:1917–1918
5773:Chamomile
5756:of 1945.
5746:red stars
5700:Hero City
5690:. A huge
5671:(1 May);
5563:Tuva ASSR
5553:Mari ASSR
5539:Komi ASSR
5462:Republic.
5446:from the
5380:Uzbek SSR
5153:Samarkand
5149:Syr Darya
5062:Tajik SSR
5054:Uzbek SSR
4761:in 1956.
4650:Pechorsky
4646:Ivangorod
4637:in 1961.
4585:Karachays
4571:In 1943,
4546:Wehrmacht
4323:Povolzhye
4232:Steinberg
4200:Petrograd
4062:1982–1991
4058:1964–1982
4054:1953–1964
4050:1927–1953
4046:1917–1927
4042:1894–1917
4038:1855–1894
4034:1796–1855
4030:1721–1796
3805:Sanctions
3755:Oligarchy
3685:1921–1944
3663:1940–1956
3652:1922–1991
3641:1922–1991
3558:Stalinism
3516:1921–1923
3505:1918–1920
3495:1922–1922
3484:1920–1922
3473:1919–1922
3462:1917–1922
3452:1917–1918
3441:1917–1918
3427:Emigrants
3413:Priamurye
3397:Civil War
3373:July Days
3341:1914–1921
3330:1900–1905
3319:1867–1915
3308:1809–1917
3297:1799–1867
3286:1721–1917
3276:1547–1721
3186:1263–1547
3176:1157–1331
3166:1136–1478
3110:1093–1157
3035:Garðaríki
2992:Antiquity
2689:Riga 1991
2679:Baku 1990
2569:Lithuania
2461:Cominform
2365:Kampuchea
2268:Turkmenia
2248:Lithuania
2238:Kirghizia
2193:Republics
2122:Lithuania
2029:Geography
1964:) in the
1962:Lithuania
1856:Bolshevik
1541:Kuybyshev
1521:Leningrad
1519:included
1460:, was an
1413:Hero City
918:Time zone
753:1917–1923
584:1990–1991
504:socialist
494:one-party
471:socialist
403:Religion
350:Petrograd
328:1990–1991
314:1922–1991
87:Top: Flag
64:1917–1991
10620:Politics
10270:Category
9823:Religion
9710:Chairmen
9556:Congress
9518:Leninism
9498:Propiska
9393:Politics
9252:Glasnost
9212:Cold War
9152:February
9078:Category
8956:Nobility
8916:Internet
8911:Heraldry
8906:Graffiti
8891:Folklore
8834:Armorial
8764:Religion
8749:Polygamy
8688:HIV/AIDS
8668:Funerals
8658:Feminism
8628:Deafness
8613:Citizens
8603:Cannabis
8588:Abortion
8532:Taxation
8472:Gambling
8462:Forestry
8311:Military
8144:Politics
8125:Wildlife
8071:Caucasus
8034:Glaciers
7914:Military
7899:Internet
7877:By topic
7771:Vladimir
7766:Novgorod
7720:Timeline
7484:Founders
7396:Archived
7378:Archived
7288:Archived
7230:Archived
6996:Archived
6965:Archived
6710:Archived
6689:Archived
6655:(2012).
6615:Archived
6528:16 April
6405:11 March
6399:Archived
6366:11 March
6357:Archived
6328:Archived
6298:Archived
6248:Archived
6149:Archived
6109:Left SRs
6086:Archived
5854:and the
5512:De facto
5492:Chechens
5203:Red Army
5173:and the
5084:Bashkirs
5068:and the
5044:and the
4966:tricolor
4689:Hokkaido
4677:Sakhalin
4673:Red Army
4552:and the
4236:Proshian
4224:Kolegaev
4165:Red Army
4026:860–1721
4022:Timeline
3759:Putinism
3713:Protocol
3711:Alma-Ata
3616:Karabakh
3596:transfer
3582:Cold War
3405:Red Army
3389:election
3222:Troubles
3100:988–1402
3090:987–1397
3080:882–1136
3025:Arthania
2954:a series
2952:Part of
2833:Gulf War
2637:Invasion
2511:Bulgaria
2375:Mongolia
2350:Ethiopia
2319:Bulgaria
2253:Moldavia
2100:states:
2080:states:
2070:Mongolia
1920:Совдепия
1911:Sovdepia
1649:de facto
1554:stagnant
1505:Russians
1452:and the
903:Currency
719:Cold War
546:republic
528:republic
424:de facto
10471:COMECON
10371:Romania
10366:Hungary
10191:Symbols
10104:Fashion
10086:Culture
10000:Society
9945:Science
9910:Rouble
9852:Economy
9828:Science
9638:Premier
9619:Offices
9481:Leaders
9401:General
9369:Siberia
9342:Regions
9316:Oblasts
9157:October
9134:History
9069:Outline
8881:Fashion
8871:Fashion
8859:Cuisine
8821:Culture
8809:in army
8794:Wedding
8789:Suicide
8784:Smoking
8769:Slavery
8744:Orphans
8717:Illegal
8593:Alcohol
8576:Society
8542:Tourism
8422:Banking
8400:Economy
8245:Prisons
8093:Siberia
8049:Islands
8029:Geology
7965:Climate
7955:Borders
7919:Outline
7894:Judaism
7884:Economy
7711:History
7081:8 April
6155:12 July
6053:of the
5836:defaced
5783:is the
5775:is the
5686:in the
5626:Culture
5612:Gosplan
5598:Economy
5452:Balkars
5323:Saratov
5281:of the
5109:status.
4900:Viskuli
4835:elected
4591:in the
4589:Germans
4265:to the
4228:Karelin
4068:present
3968:present
3947:present
3926:present
3905:present
3884:present
3864:present
3847:present
3830:present
3793:Prelude
3590:Comecon
3220:Time of
2983:Periods
2698:Dissent
2600:1980–89
2559:Estonia
2536:Ukraine
2526:Romania
2516:Croatia
2506:Albania
2455:Comecon
2412:Vietnam
2401:Somalia
2396:Romania
2360:Hungary
2355:Grenada
2303:Albania
2273:Ukraine
2228:Georgia
2223:Estonia
2208:Armenia
2196:of the
2163:History
2157:Siberia
2138:Georgia
2106:Estonia
2096:), the
2094:Belarus
2086:Ukraine
2050:Finland
1954:Finland
1950:Estonia
1916:Russian
1891:Romanov
1804:scholar
1690:by the
1662:of the
1621:elected
1501:oblasts
1487:, five
1474:of the
1465:federal
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487:Federal
464:Federal
446:Russian
414:de jure
382:Russian
343:Capital
321:of the
133:Anthem:
10491:(WFDY)
10483:(WFTU)
10210:Emblem
10198:Anthem
10146:Sports
10099:Cinema
10094:Ballet
10076:Racism
10049:Family
9539:Bodies
9127:topics
9083:Portal
9038:Sports
8966:Anthem
8854:Cinema
8849:Ballet
8759:Racism
8722:Labour
8678:Health
8643:Doping
8497:Ruble
8482:Mining
8452:Energy
8115:Rivers
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7924:Postal
7776:Moscow
7702:Russia
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4889:Moscow
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4708:German
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4491:) and
4455:, the
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4342:barter
3727:abroad
3594:Crimea
2965:Russia
2956:on the
2712:Poland
2707:Soviet
2642:Moscow
2564:Latvia
2531:Serbia
2521:Poland
2390:Poland
2309:Angola
2258:Russia
2243:Latvia
2153:plains
2140:) and
2116:) and
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2098:Baltic
2078:Slavic
2046:Norway
2042:Poland
1958:Latvia
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10119:Opera
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8623:Crime
8557:Waste
8076:Urals
8054:Lakes
6971:5 May
6563:
6360:(PDF)
6349:(PDF)
5960:Notes
5781:birch
5734:motto
4902:near
4726:1950s
4685:Japan
4518:1940s
4487:(now
4457:Urals
4445:Volga
4427:1930s
4338:ruble
4289:1920s
4066:1991–
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3828:1991–
3570:GULAG
3415:Govt.
3056:Rurik
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2324:China
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1924:Bolos
1899:March
1811:JSTOR
1797:books
1537:Gorky
1497:krais
1446:RSFSR
1318:1991:
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1246:1925:
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1101:1945:
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993:1918:
666:VTsIK
10222:Flag
10180:List
9988:List
9900:OGAS
9793:List
9676:NKVD
9464:LGBT
9452:List
9418:1977
9413:1936
8976:Flag
8864:Wine
8844:Arts
7909:LGBT
7793:Army
7569:1940
7528:the
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7327:2021
7083:2013
7049:ISBN
7030:2017
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6973:2019
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5929:1991
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872:1956
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