41:
154:
134:
587:
48:
391:
and formalised Tidore rule over this region (and Tidore's protectorate status under
Netherlands) by appointing three local rulers Sendawan (King of Namatota), Kassa (King of Lahakia) and Lutu ("Orang Kaya" from Lobo and Mawara) under which many local kingdoms and tribes swear fealty. However the Fort
663:
A directory for the navigation of the Indian
Archipelago, China, and Japan, from the straits of Malacca and Sunda, and the passages east of Java. To Canton, Shanghai, the Yellow Sea, and Japan, with descriptions of the winds, monsoons, and currents, and general instructions for the various channels,
399:
The Dutch colonial authorities began to govern more directly late 19th century with the ending of hongi fleets and slave trading of Tidore in 1850, followed by the agreement on 1872 with Tidore which made the Sultan explicit only had right on feudal matters, and the sovereignty if New Guinea rest in
353:. In the east, Kamrau Bay separates the peninsula from the rest of New Guinea. At its northernmost point lies the island of Freterenusu in the bay. Only narrow land bridges connect the Bomberai peninsula with the neighboring land masses.
416:
and Tidore signed contract invalidating all their previous contracts and its region became part of Dutch East Indies, although still retained some jurisdiction in New Guinea until 1911 where further legislation was enacted to curtail it.
392:
was abandoned in 1835 due to the unhealthy climate and attacks by natives, and the Dutch generally left the rule and collection of taxes of these region under Tidore, which in turn delegated them to regional rulers, like
246:
in the Fakfak and Kumawa mountains along the peninsula's western edge. Together with the eastern region of Bird's Head
Peninsula and offshore islands, the Bomberai Peninsula forms the Indonesian province of
310:. It is a region little explored by europeans tourists and almost unknown to them. The region is historically called Sran and later Kowiai after the people and kingdom and the southern coast is part of
364:
There was a mention of "Wanin" and "Sran" in a 14th-century
Nagarakretagama manuscript as a region/tributary of Majapahit. Scholars tends to attribute this to Onin Peninsula and the southern region of
679:
400:
Dutch East Indies government, in practice allowed them to establish administrations in New Guinea. In 1898 the
Netherlands Indies government decided to establish administrative posts in
906:
864:
299:
reach 1619 m (5312 ft) elevation. Due to the facilities offered by the town of Fakfak, this part of the
Bomberai Peninsula is the most visited.
40:
981:. Amphibian Species of the World, an Online Reference, Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York 1998–2015, retrieved 21 December 2015
976:
412:
in 1902. Tidore throne became vacant in 1905 and the lack of ruler diminished its autonomy. By 1909 Tidore signed away its independence and in 1910
284:
962:
Nugraha, M.F.I., Kadarusman, Hubert, N., Avarre, J.C., Hadiaty, R.K., Slembrouck, J., Carman, O., Sudarto, Ogistira, R. & Pouyaud L. (2015):
426:
338:
76:
209:
205:
330:, which separate the Bomberai Peninsula from the Bird's Head peninsula. Off the north coast are located the islands of Amutu Besar, Asap,
1007:
917:
361:
There were trading relationships that formed based on birds of paradise feathers with 7th century
Sriwijaya and the surrounding islands.
1002:
219:
368:
or Kowiai referring to the kingdom of
Namatota, which if true represent the earliest mention of a native names of Papuan regions.
341:
and
Sebakor Bay, which is protected from the offshore island of Karas by the Tamaruni Bay. Southeast beyond the Nautilus Strait (
941:
Holton, Gary; Robinson, Laura C. (2017), "The linguistic position of the Timor-Alor-Pantar languages", in Klamer, Marian (ed.),
890:
835:
769:
651:
627:
239:
881:
Holton, Gary; Klamer, Marian (2018). "The Papuan languages of East
Nusantara and the Bird's Head". In Palmer, Bill (ed.).
509:
698:
802:
640:
997:
222:
island lies off the western tip of the peninsula, and is separated from the mainland by Berau and Bintuni straits.
526:
language, is spoken on Karas Island, a small island located just off the western coast of the Bomberai Peninsula.
706:
501:
243:
964:
Eight new species of Rainbowfishes (Melanotaeniidae) from the Birds Head Region, West Papua, Indonesia.
665:
541:
193:
523:
513:
479:
371:
The first sighting by Europeans of this zone was in 1606, in the Spanish expedition commanded by
550:
490:
213:
468:
264:
248:
159:
372:
430:
610:
8:
562:
376:
342:
252:
231:
181:
841:
775:
505:
450:
365:
189:
885:. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 569–640.
886:
845:
831:
798:
779:
765:
728:
647:
623:
591:
497:
464:
446:
375:. This region alongside others mainly the Western part of New Guinea became part of
946:
823:
757:
718:
567:
558:
493:
454:
303:
296:
472:
458:
442:
413:
388:
311:
268:
827:
761:
519:
482:
438:
288:
260:
991:
732:
434:
91:
78:
909:
Austronesians in linguistic disguise: Fataluku cultural fusion in East Timor
707:"SEJARAH RAT SRAN RAJA KOMISI KAIMANA (History of Rat Sran King of Kaimana)"
883:
The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide
723:
572:
536:
486:
950:
384:
327:
307:
276:
201:
197:
117:
350:
859:
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2019).
405:
331:
323:
272:
139:
113:
380:
409:
379:
under the expansion of its influence led by the legendary figure
315:
811:
401:
393:
292:
169:
745:
545:
334:
and Ugar. Opposite is the island of Panjang in Tamaruni Bay.
235:
544:, Bomberai Peninsula and offshore islands. Many live in the
858:
943:
Alor Pantar languages: History and Typology Second Edition
818:
Swadling, Pamela; Wagner, Roy; Laba, Billai (2019-12-01).
752:
Swadling, Pamela; Wagner, Roy; Laba, Billai (2019-12-01).
860:
571:, a member of the family of the narrow-mouthed frogs (
945:, Berlin: Language Sciences Press, pp. 147–190,
865:
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
516:, although this proposal is not without controversy.
876:
874:
786:
200:separates the two peninsulas. To the west lies the
817:
751:
871:
711:Jurnal Penelitian Arkeologi Papua Dan Papua Barat
687:(Thesis) (in Indonesian). UIN Syarif Hidayatullah
489:are also spoken on the peninsula, as well as the
989:
302:to the southeast is the peninsula formed by the
259:). The western part of the peninsula is part of
940:
852:
822:. Sydney University Press. pp. 118–120.
795:Word-prosodic systems of Raja Ampat languages
548:areas, including the Harlequin Rainbow Fish (
534:Twenty-four endemic species of rainbow fish (
396:which collected tributes from Onin kingdoms.
880:
622:Der groĂźe Weltatlas, Millenium House, 2009,
429:spoken on the Bomberai Peninsula, including
295:, the main town and port of the region. The
756:. Sydney University Press. pp. 16–17.
671:
427:Central–Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages
271:. It is a wide peninsula that opens to the
230:The entire peninsula is covered by a dense
47:
722:
681:Rekonstruksi Sejarah Islam di Tanah Papua
512:may possibly have lexical links with the
792:
668:. Published: London, R. H. Laurie, 1878.
677:
990:
704:
234:. Most of the peninsula consists of a
467:spoken in the Bomberai Peninsula are
387:in 1828 on Triton Bay in the current
306:, whose south coast is bathed by the
899:
616:
279:, defined by two small peninsulas:
969:
212:lies between the peninsula and the
13:
1008:Landforms of West Papua (province)
797:. Utrecht: LOT 2001. p. 173.
14:
1019:
705:Usmany, Desy Polla (2017-06-03).
585:
152:
132:
46:
39:
1003:Landforms of Western New Guinea
956:
934:
613:, The Papua Insects Foundation.
793:Remijsen, Albert C.L. (2001).
657:
633:
604:
1:
597:
242:. There are smaller areas of
642:The Rough Guide to Indonesia
420:
225:
7:
678:Wanggai, Tony V.M. (2008).
578:
510:Timor–Alor–Pantar languages
314:and its main town and port
192:region. It is south of the
10:
1024:
828:10.30722/sup.9781743325445
762:10.30722/sup.9781743325445
356:
165:
147:
128:
123:
107:
70:
65:
34:
24:
666:Alexander George Findlay
529:
383:. The Dutch constructed
283:to the northwest is the
92:3.1553194°S 133.171000°E
998:Peninsulas of Indonesia
966:Cybium, 39 (2): 99-130.
611:Onin Peninsula (Fakfak)
514:West Bomberai languages
480:West Bomberai languages
263:, the north belongs to
724:10.24832/papua.v6i1.45
551:Melanotaenia boesemani
491:Asmat-Kamoro languages
346:
275:, forming a wide bay,
256:
185:
97:-3.1553194; 133.171000
16:Peninsula in Indonesia
951:10.5281/zenodo.437098
592:New Guinea portal
542:Bird's Head Peninsula
267:and the southeast to
265:Teluk Bintuni Regency
194:Bird's Head Peninsula
820:Plumes from Paradise
754:Plumes from Paradise
188:) is located in the
186:Semenanjung Bomberai
28:Semenanjung Bomberai
907:"Andrew McWilliam:
639:Stephen Backshall:
563:black-eared catbird
377:Sultanate of Tidore
232:tropical rainforest
214:Bird's Neck Isthmus
208:. On the southeast
88: /
21:
664:harbours, etc. By
425:There are several
373:LuĂs Vaz de Torres
337:Further south are
244:montane rainforest
240:lowland rainforest
190:Western New Guinea
178:Bomberai Peninsula
166:Largest settlement
54:Bomberai Peninsula
20:Bomberai Peninsula
19:
975:Darrel R. Frost:
892:978-3-11-028642-7
837:978-1-74332-544-5
771:978-1-74332-544-5
713:(in Indonesian).
652:978-1-858289-91-5
628:978-1-921209-31-4
502:South Bird's Head
465:Language isolates
322:To the north lie
204:and to the south
175:
174:
1015:
982:
978:Oninia senglaubi
973:
967:
960:
954:
953:
938:
932:
931:
929:
928:
922:
916:. Archived from
915:
903:
897:
896:
878:
869:
868:
856:
850:
849:
815:
809:
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790:
784:
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739:
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686:
675:
669:
661:
655:
637:
631:
620:
614:
608:
590:
589:
588:
568:Oninia senglaubi
559:Fakfak Mountains
304:Kumawa Mountains
297:Fakfak Mountains
158:
156:
155:
138:
136:
135:
110:
103:
102:
100:
99:
98:
93:
89:
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50:
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22:
18:
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905:
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805:
791:
787:
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746:
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688:
684:
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672:
662:
658:
638:
634:
621:
617:
609:
605:
600:
586:
584:
581:
532:
423:
389:Kaimana Regency
359:
312:Kaimana Regency
269:Kaimana Regency
228:
153:
151:
143:
133:
131:
116:
108:
96:
94:
90:
87:
82:
79:
77:
75:
74:
61:
60:
59:
58:
57:
56:
55:
51:
30:
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1021:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1000:
984:
983:
968:
955:
933:
898:
891:
870:
851:
836:
810:
803:
785:
770:
744:
697:
670:
656:
632:
615:
602:
601:
599:
596:
595:
594:
580:
577:
540:) live on the
531:
528:
422:
419:
408:, followed by
358:
355:
347:Selat Nautilus
320:
319:
300:
289:Fakfak Regency
285:Onin Peninsula
261:Fakfak Regency
227:
224:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
149:
145:
144:
129:
126:
125:
124:Administration
121:
120:
111:
105:
104:
72:
68:
67:
63:
62:
53:
52:
45:
44:
38:
37:
36:
35:
32:
31:
27:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1020:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
995:
993:
980:
979:
972:
965:
959:
952:
948:
944:
937:
923:on 2014-11-07
919:
912:
910:
902:
894:
888:
884:
877:
875:
866:
863:. 4.0. Jena:
862:
855:
847:
843:
839:
833:
829:
825:
821:
814:
806:
804:90-76864-09-8
800:
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683:
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629:
625:
619:
612:
607:
603:
593:
583:
582:
576:
574:
570:
569:
564:
561:includes the
560:
557:Fauna of the
555:
553:
552:
547:
543:
539:
538:
527:
525:
524:West Bomberai
521:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
492:
488:
484:
481:
476:
474:
470:
466:
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436:
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286:
282:
281:
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274:
270:
266:
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258:
254:
250:
245:
241:
238:, covered in
237:
233:
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127:
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115:
112:
106:
101:
83:133°10′15.6″E
80:03°09′19.15″S
73:
69:
64:
42:
33:
26:Native name:
23:
977:
971:
963:
958:
942:
936:
925:. Retrieved
918:the original
908:
901:
882:
854:
819:
813:
794:
788:
753:
747:
736:. Retrieved
717:(1): 85–92.
714:
710:
700:
689:. Retrieved
680:
673:
659:
641:
635:
618:
606:
573:Microhylidae
566:
556:
549:
537:Melanotaenia
535:
533:
518:
477:
463:
424:
398:
370:
363:
360:
339:Samai Island
336:
321:
236:marshy plain
229:
218:
177:
176:
130:
861:"Glottolog"
473:Tanah Merah
431:Uruangnirin
385:Fort Du Bus
328:Bintuni Bay
308:Arafura Sea
291:, includes
277:Sebakor Bay
257:Papua Barat
202:Sebakor Bay
198:Bintuni Bay
118:Bintuni Bay
109:Adjacent to
95: /
71:Coordinates
992:Categories
927:2018-08-16
738:2021-04-24
691:2022-01-30
598:References
500:, and the
351:Adi Island
343:Indonesian
253:Indonesian
249:West Papua
210:Arguni Bay
206:Kamrau Bay
182:Indonesian
160:West Papua
846:240917675
780:240917675
733:2580-9237
506:Kemberano
504:language
451:Erokwanas
421:Languages
406:Manokwari
324:Berau Bay
273:Seram Sea
226:Geography
140:Indonesia
114:Seram Sea
66:Geography
646:, 2003,
644:, S.1022
579:See also
498:Kamberau
447:Bedoanas
381:Gurabesi
287:part of
148:Province
494:Buruwai
455:Irarutu
410:Merauke
357:History
316:Kaimana
889:
844:
834:
801:
778:
768:
731:
650:
626:
508:. The
459:Kowiai
457:, and
443:Arguni
402:Fakfak
394:Misool
332:Arguni
293:Fakfak
220:Sabuda
196:, and
170:Fakfak
157:
137:
921:(PDF)
914:(PDF)
842:S2CID
776:S2CID
685:(PDF)
546:karst
530:Fauna
520:Karas
483:Baham
439:Sekar
414:Bacan
349:) is
887:ISBN
832:ISBN
799:ISBN
766:ISBN
729:ISSN
648:ISBN
624:ISBN
565:and
522:, a
496:and
485:and
478:The
471:and
435:Onin
404:and
366:Sran
326:and
947:doi
824:doi
758:doi
719:doi
575:).
554:).
487:Iha
469:Mor
994::
873:^
840:.
830:.
774:.
764:.
727:.
709:.
475:.
461:.
453:,
449:,
445:,
441:,
437:,
433:,
345::
255::
216:.
184::
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930:.
911:"
895:.
867:.
848:.
826::
807:.
782:.
760::
741:.
721::
715:6
694:.
654:.
630:.
318:.
251:(
180:(
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