122:
929:
981:
873:
823:
140:
1011:
903:
994:
847:
1038:
955:
5019:
968:
1025:
942:
860:
1051:
834:
916:
890:
4314:. However, this name is not used for those like the raspberry that grow as upright canes, or for trailing or prostrate species, such as most dewberries, or various low-growing boreal, arctic, or alpine species. The scientific study of brambles is known as "
672:) are generally distinct, or else involved in more routine one-or-a-few taxonomic debates, such as whether the European and American red raspberries are better treated as one species or two (in this case, the two-species view is followed here, with
4825:
664:
Some treatments have recognized dozens of species each for what other, comparably qualified botanists have considered single, more variable species. On the other hand, species in the other
4739:
Carter, Katherine A.; Liston, Aaron; Bassil, Nahla V.; Alice, Lawrence A.; Bushakra, Jill M.; Sutherland, Brittany L.; Mockler, Todd C.; Bryant, Douglas W.; Hummer, Kim E. (2019-12-20).
4655:
4853:Łańcucka-Środoniowa M.: Macroscopic plant remains from the freshwater Miocene of the Nowy Sącz Basin (West Carpathians, Poland) . Acta Palaeobotanica 1979 20 (1): 3-117.
484:
are endemic to North
America. Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses; spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs are also common in the genus. The
4626:
4863:
Lawrence A. Alice & Christopher S. Campbell (1999). "Phylogeny of Rubus (rosaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region sequences".
1860:
2622:
2580:
2559:
1680:
4126:(able to set seed without fertilisation), the parentage of these plants is often highly complex, but is generally agreed to include cultivars of blackberries (
2975:
2468:
2206:
2185:
3031:
2989:
2608:
2461:
2447:
2332:
1797:
1727:
3073:
3052:
3003:
2657:
2489:
2440:
2388:
2339:
2234:
2192:
1965:
1832:
1762:
1573:
4713:
3010:
2982:
2961:
2566:
2517:
2412:
2311:
2283:
2119:
1916:
1888:
1818:
1811:
1734:
1699:
2996:
2587:
2510:
2496:
2426:
2419:
2405:
2353:
2318:
2213:
2133:
2126:
2035:
2014:
1944:
1867:
1769:
1663:
1642:
4939:
3066:
3017:
2643:
2636:
2531:
2454:
2346:
2290:
2241:
2154:
2140:
2070:
1958:
1937:
1895:
1706:
1566:
4442:
3045:
3024:
2855:
2524:
2433:
2227:
2220:
2028:
2007:
1930:
1902:
1839:
1720:
1440:
4844:
Acta
Palaeobotanica – 43(1): 9-49, January 2003 – Early Miocene carpological material from the Czech part of the Zittau Basin – Vasilis Teodoridis
5271:
3038:
2601:
2573:
2374:
2098:
2077:
2056:
1748:
1426:
2690:
2650:
2503:
2475:
2168:
5310:
4267:
4247:
4224:
4211:
2112:
4277:
4592:
703:. Representative examples are presented, but many more species are not mentioned here. A comprehensive 2019 study found subgenera
5369:
5487:
5209:
4563:
5284:
5222:
4374:
4365:
5149:
4647:
4987:
4819:
4618:
4534:
4993:
4504:
5289:
4684:
5144:
507:
which is commonly grown with supports such as wires or canes, including raspberries, blackberries, and hybrids such as
4142:
stands at over 200 species and, although not within the scope of the
National Collection, also hold many cultivars.
5444:
5423:
5315:
5258:
5387:
5418:
4705:
5297:
4370:
802:
data, such as the structure of the leaves and stems, do not appear to produce a phylogenetic classification.
4931:
540:
5123:
5118:
5105:
5037:
4479:
5201:
5188:
4431:
5382:
4465:
2668:
5227:
4912:
4356:
798:
Molecular data have backed up classifications based on geography and chromosome number, but following
5449:
5325:
4475:
4408:
5477:
31:
17:
4799:
139:
121:
5374:
5196:
1525:
1472:
5351:
5183:
5048:
1487:
1209:
5276:
5346:
4706:"Small genomes in tetraploid Rubus L. (Rosaceae) from New Zealand and southern South America"
3894:
811:
453:
5338:
4208:(U.S., 1930s) a hybrid between the loganberry and youngberry, themselves both hybrid berries
5250:
4035:
3370:
2904:
2769:
2711:
2063:
2021:
1790:
1776:
1323:
1151:
1081:
1042:
736:
543:. They grow long, arching shoots that readily root upon contact with soil, and form a soil
928:
8:
3278:
3240:
2897:
2091:
1825:
1755:
1315:
1187:
1136:
5175:
5482:
5431:
4880:
4775:
4740:
4555:
3787:
3205:
3080:
2890:
2825:
2538:
2381:
2248:
2199:
1986:
1881:
1608:
1447:
1284:
1232:
654:
288:
134:
5333:
5131:
4983:
4888:
4815:
4780:
4762:
4530:
4474:. Vol. 9. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org,
4019:
3984:
3970:
3832:
3294:
3233:
3219:
3212:
3099:
3059:
2949:
2869:
2839:
2482:
2276:
2105:
2000:
1923:
1687:
1580:
1518:
1501:
1461:
1361:
1300:
1247:
1179:
1165:
1128:
997:
980:
933:
907:
658:
4469:
4394:
5436:
5361:
5136:
4872:
4807:
4770:
4752:
4078:
4000:
3977:
3921:
3714:
3382:
3306:
3137:
3130:
3087:
2942:
2718:
2552:
2325:
2269:
2262:
2147:
2084:
1972:
1846:
1804:
1649:
1433:
1384:
1346:
1262:
1255:
1239:
1202:
1172:
1158:
1120:
1104:
1073:
1028:
985:
971:
958:
894:
876:
799:
788:
700:
646:
536:
504:
276:
5097:
5110:
5086:
5023:
4977:
4916:
4496:
4114:
The term "hybrid berry" is often used collectively for those fruits in the genus
4092:
4012:
3781:
3474:
3264:
3191:
3179:
3158:
2911:
2876:
2846:
2697:
2683:
2676:
2615:
2297:
1909:
1625:
1594:
1480:
1376:
1353:
1338:
1016:
863:
680:
584:
576:
492:
177:
5410:
5302:
4584:
4118:
which have been developed mainly in the U.S. and U.K. in the last 130 years. As
872:
587:
with male and female parts being present on the same flower. Bramble fruits are
5472:
4028:
3941:
3928:
3810:
3467:
3285:
3226:
3198:
3165:
3118:
2968:
2735:
2629:
2545:
2255:
2161:
2042:
1993:
1853:
1783:
1741:
1713:
1656:
1559:
1454:
1400:
1369:
1292:
1216:
1143:
1089:
1055:
850:
838:
780:
760:
572:
164:
4811:
822:
5466:
5071:
4766:
4676:
4054:
3993:
3963:
3429:
3320:
3271:
3247:
3111:
2930:
2883:
2862:
2832:
2818:
2811:
2776:
2367:
2304:
1951:
1601:
1587:
1542:
1494:
1392:
1308:
1269:
1195:
1112:
1097:
920:
588:
564:
260:
79:
4757:
4315:
5400:
4892:
4784:
4205:
3667:
3172:
3144:
2790:
2783:
2704:
2594:
2360:
2049:
1979:
1874:
1331:
1277:
1224:
945:
720:
716:
712:
674:
268:
5031:
902:
731:
The genus has a likely North
American origin, with fossils known from the
606:(having more than two copies of each chromosome), with species ranging in
5235:
5080:
4237:
4188:
4171:
4066:
3151:
993:
846:
669:
556:
516:
512:
54:
4862:
5214:
4884:
4283:
4149:
4085:
4047:
2797:
1037:
954:
631:
603:
508:
470:
99:
64:
4798:
Leopold, Estella B.; Manchester, Steven R.; Meyer, Herbert W. (2008),
4280:(1980s), a tayberry/boysenberry hybrid discovered by an amateur grower
1010:
657:
of the great variation in the subgenus one of the grand challenges of
5240:
5170:
5157:
967:
784:
552:
548:
544:
464:
449:
233:
104:
5042:
4876:
1024:
941:
859:
684:
both recognized; if these species are combined, then the older name
5395:
5065:
5018:
4403:
4335:
4274:'Tummel', from the same Scottish breeding programme as the tayberry
4261:
650:
638:
635:
520:
496:
476:
445:
223:
190:
94:
89:
74:
69:
59:
5162:
4310:
species with mounding or rambling growth habits, are often called
1050:
833:
691:
The classification presented below recognizes 13 subgenera within
5263:
4800:"Phytogeography of the late Eocene Florissant flora reconsidered"
4311:
4123:
752:
744:
611:
580:
213:
109:
84:
4932:"Plant Heritage – National Collections Scheme, UK Garden Plants"
547:
from which new shoots grow in the spring. The leaves are either
4905:
4804:
Paleontology of the Upper Eocene
Florissant Formation, Colorado
4286:, a complex hybrid of raspberries, blackberries, and dewberries
915:
792:
764:
748:
732:
607:
243:
203:
4441:. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2021.
4296:
4264:(Dundee, Scotland, 1979), another blackberry/raspberry hybrid
743:
expanded into
Eurasia, South America, and Oceania during the
592:
568:
560:
532:
488:
441:
151:
4982:. Vol. IV R-Z. Taylor & Francis US. p. 2345.
523:. The stems of such plants are also referred to as canes.
3126:
Sect. Procumbentes (formerly known as Sect. Flagellares)
480:
are common, widely distributed members of the genus, and
4338:, an unrelated deciduous tree with similar looking fruit
889:
4738:
4468:. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).
499:. The term "cane fruit" or "cane berry" applies to any
4797:
4550:
4548:
4546:
539:), with their stems being typically covered in sharp
4741:"Target Capture Sequencing Unravels Rubus Evolution"
653:
apparently all frequently occurring, making species
4543:
4191:Suspected variant of boysenberry, a hybrid between
614:(2x, with 14 chromosomes) to tetradecaploid (14x).
779:have been extracted from bore hole samples of the
4529:. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224.
5464:
4585:"Brambles and other woody weeds /RHS Gardening"
4240:(1956) now thought to be a blackberry cultivar
571:until the second year of growth (i.e. they are
4734:
4732:
4730:
4648:"Blackberry Planting, Spacing, and Trellising"
30:"Bramble" redirects here. For other uses, see
4471:Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA)
567:. The shoots typically do not flower or set
4975:
4727:
4613:
4611:
4609:
4466:"Rosaceae (subfam. Rosoideae) tribe Rubeae"
4306:The blackberries, as well as various other
1409:A more complete subdivision is as follows:
129:Blackberry bush with ripe and unripe fruit
4961:Ardle, John (July 2013). "Hybris vigour".
4910:Species, Houghton, England, United Kingdom
4871:(1). Botanical Society of America: 81–97.
4062:Sect. Verotriviales (Southern dewberries)
739:of Colorado, around 34 million years old.
491:, sometimes called a bramble fruit, is an
120:
4774:
4756:
4619:"Bramble or blackberry | Woodlands.co.uk"
4463:
630:is very complex, particularly within the
4606:
1049:
1036:
1023:
1009:
992:
979:
966:
953:
940:
927:
914:
901:
888:
871:
858:
845:
832:
821:
622:
444:of flowering plants in the rose family,
4375:United States Department of Agriculture
4366:Germplasm Resources Information Network
4227:(Texas, U.S., 2000s), a hybrid between
688:has priority for the broader species).
14:
5465:
4491:
4489:
4426:
4424:
4138:). The British National Collection of
5047:
5046:
4960:
4524:
4295:The generic name means blackberry in
5424:26931a82-e21a-4482-b073-969d328c34dd
5326:2f12e300-754a-42aa-9460-acecd7291bb1
4942:from the original on 20 January 2015
4652:Alabama Cooperative Extension System
4318:". "Bramble" comes from Old English
4979:CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names
4518:
4486:
4421:
4349:
4122:species readily interbreed and are
24:
5388:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000199-2
4445:from the original on 31 March 2023
715:, while all other subgenera to be
27:Genus of plants in the rose family
25:
5499:
5011:
4806:, Geological Society of America,
4556:"Rubus - Trees and Shrubs Online"
4214:(Europe, 1930s) a hybrid between
4109:
591:formed from smaller units called
531:Bramble bushes typically grow as
5017:
138:
52:
5488:Extant Eocene first appearances
4996:from the original on 2024-05-24
4969:
4954:
4924:
4899:
4856:
4847:
4838:
4828:from the original on 2024-05-24
4791:
4716:from the original on 2023-09-27
4698:
4687:from the original on 2023-09-28
4669:
4658:from the original on 2023-09-27
4640:
4629:from the original on 2016-09-14
4595:from the original on 2024-05-24
4566:from the original on 2023-09-27
4507:from the original on 2016-02-15
4174:(U.S., 1920s) a hybrid between
4160:, a spontaneous hybrid between
4043:Sect. Ursini (Pacific berries)
4577:
4457:
4387:
4299:and was derived from the word
3949:Sect. Setosi (bristleberries)
767:Basin. Many fossil fruits of †
526:
13:
1:
4976:Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000).
4371:Agricultural Research Service
4342:
4145:The hybrid berries include:-
695:, with the largest subgenus (
4560:www.treesandshrubsonline.org
4290:
4258:'Marion' and the boysenberry
2753:(formerly known as subgenus
726:
598:Around 60-70% of species of
7:
5038:Western Kentucky University
4497:"the definition of bramble"
4480:Harvard University Herbaria
4329:
4254:'Silvan', a hybrid between
1296:– purple-flowered raspberry
617:
10:
5504:
4865:American Journal of Botany
4745:Frontiers in Plant Science
4439:Plants of the World Online
1413:
809:
805:
699:) in turn divided into 12
29:
5055:
4677:"Rubus all species | GDR"
4476:Missouri Botanical Garden
4409:Missouri Botanical Garden
4152:(California, U.S., 1883)
1319:– Pennsylvania blackberry
294:
287:
274:
267:
135:Scientific classification
133:
128:
119:
41:
1063:Better-known species of
783:fresh water deposits in
32:Bramble (disambiguation)
4906:National Collection of
4758:10.3389/fpls.2019.01615
4464:Brouillet, Luc (2014).
1526:Rubus pseudochamaemorus
1388:– elm-leaved blackberry
1243:– cut-leaved blackberry
759:have been found in the
668:subgenera (such as the
440:is a large and diverse
4478:, St. Louis, MO &
4233:R. phoenicolasius
3433:– Himalayan blackberry
1861:Rubus hoffmeisterianus
1488:Rubus hayata-koidzumii
1210:Rubus hayata-koidzumii
1108:– Himalayan blackberry
1085:– Allegheny blackberry
1060:
1047:
1034:
1021:
1014:Commercially produced
1007:
990:
977:
964:
951:
938:
925:
912:
899:
886:
869:
856:
843:
830:
5347:Paleobiology Database
4812:10.1130/2008.2435(04)
4525:Klein, Carol (2009).
3932:– European blackberry
3895:Rubus septentrionalis
3874:Rubus schlechtendalii
3290:Kinnikinnick dewberry
2765:Sect. Allegheniensis
2623:Rubus splendidissimus
2581:Rubus pseudosieboldii
2560:Rubus multibracteatus
1681:Rubus acuminatissimus
1404:– European blackberry
1396:– trailing blackberry
1251:– whitebark raspberry
1053:
1040:
1027:
1013:
996:
983:
970:
957:
944:
931:
918:
905:
892:
875:
862:
849:
836:
825:
751:seeds from the early
623:Modern classification
4920:www.rubusspecies.com
4048:Rubus × loganobaccus
4036:Rubus wisconsinensis
4024:Vermont bristleberry
3527:Rubus conothyrsoides
3399:Rubus atrichantherus
3371:Rubus anglocandicans
2976:Rubus babingtonianus
2905:Rubus philadelphicus
2770:Rubus allegheniensis
2712:Rubus schmidelioides
2469:Rubus flagelliflorus
2207:Rubus betonicifolius
2186:Rubus acanthophyllos
2064:Rubus queenslandicus
2022:Rubus phoenicolasius
1791:Rubus crataegifolius
1777:Rubus corchorifolius
1324:Rubus phoenicolasius
1191:– mountain raspberry
1152:Rubus crataegifolius
1082:Rubus allegheniensis
777:Rubus semirotundatus
737:Florissant Formation
645:), with polyploidy,
575:). The rootstock is
456:, commonly known as
4623:www.woodlands.co.uk
4527:Grow your own fruit
4134:) and raspberries (
3827:Rubus promachonicus
3721:Rubus lamprophyllus
3642:Rubus glandithyrsos
3507:Rubus cissburiensis
3492:Rubus chlorothyrsos
3482:Rubus cardiophyllus
3478:– woolly blackberry
3355:Rubus alterniflorus
3301:Rubus profusiflorus
3279:Rubus michiganensis
3259:Rubus kentuckiensis
3241:Rubus heterophyllus
3032:Rubus fabrimontanus
2990:Rubus camptostachys
2916:recurved blackberry
2898:Rubus pensilvanicus
2609:Rubus setchuenensis
2462:Rubus fairholmianus
2448:Rubus chrysophyllus
2333:Rubus macvaughianus
2092:Rubus sachalinensis
1826:Rubus fraxinifolius
1798:Rubus croceacanthus
1756:Rubus cockburnianus
1728:Rubus archboldianus
1380:– Southern dewberry
1316:Rubus pensilvanicus
1188:Rubus fraxinifolius
1183:– northern dewberry
1137:Rubus cockburnianus
1124:– smooth blackberry
1116:– European dewberry
4915:2017-09-12 at the
4216:R. fruticosus
4164:'Aughinbaugh' and
4132:R. fruticosus
3989:swamp bristleberry
3916:Rubus thrysiflorus
3901:Rubus slesvicensis
3854:Rubus rubritinctus
3844:Rubus rhamnifolius
3817:Rubus polyanthemus
3800:Rubus pedatifolius
3766:Rubus mucronulatus
3741:Rubus macrophyllus
3731:Rubus leucostachys
3612:Rubus formidabilis
3567:Rubus echinatoides
3562:Rubus dumnoniensis
3462:Rubus bregutiensis
3377:Rubus angustifrons
3365:Rubus amplificatus
3335:Rubus acheruntinus
3206:Rubus ferrofluvius
3081:Rubus tuberculatus
3074:Rubus seebergensis
3053:Rubus lamprocaulos
3004:Rubus cyclomorphus
2957:Sect. Corylifolii
2891:Rubus ostryifolius
2826:Rubus andrewsianus
2658:Rubus xanthoneurus
2539:Rubus lambertianus
2490:Rubus gardnerianus
2441:Rubus chroosepalus
2389:Rubus turquinensis
2382:Rubus trichomallus
2340:Rubus megalococcus
2249:Rubus costaricanus
2235:Rubus choachiensis
2200:Rubus adenotrichos
2193:Rubus adenothallus
1987:Rubus occidentalis
1966:Rubus microphyllus
1882:Rubus illecebrosus
1833:Rubus glabricarpus
1763:Rubus columellaris
1609:Rubus xanthocarpus
1574:Rubus humulifolius
1448:Rubus neomexicanus
1285:Rubus occidentalis
1233:Rubus illecebrosus
1093:– Arctic raspberry
1061:
1048:
1035:
1022:
1008:
991:
978:
965:
952:
939:
926:
913:
900:
887:
885:leaves and flowers
870:
868:leaves and berries
857:
844:
831:
773:Rubus microspermus
769:Rubus laticostatus
649:, and facultative
535:(though a few are
454:over 1,350 species
5460:
5459:
5334:Open Tree of Life
5049:Taxon identifiers
4989:978-0-8493-2678-3
4821:978-0-8137-2435-5
4536:978-1-84533-434-5
4303:, meaning "red".
4107:
4106:
4020:Rubus vermontanus
3985:Rubus semisetosus
3971:Rubus missouricus
3879:Rubus schleicheri
3833:Rubus pyramidalis
3751:Rubus miszczenkoi
3726:Rubus lespinassei
3652:Rubus glandulosus
3647:Rubus glanduliger
3547:Rubus divaricatus
3542:Rubus dasyphyllus
3532:Rubus cordifolius
3497:Rubus chrysoxylon
3437:Rubus bloxamianus
3350:Rubus ahenifolius
3311:Lucretia dewberry
3295:Rubus multiformis
3234:Rubus hancinianus
3220:Rubus fraternalis
3213:Rubus flagellaris
3100:Rubus cuneifolius
3095:Sect. Cuneifolii
3060:Rubus mortensenii
3011:Rubus dissimulans
2983:Rubus britannicus
2962:Rubus adenoleucus
2950:Rubus kennedyanus
2938:Sect. Canadenses
2870:Rubus multispinus
2851:Yankee blackberry
2840:Rubus densissimus
2567:Rubus paniculatus
2518:Rubus ichangensis
2483:Rubus formosensis
2413:Rubus alceifolius
2312:Rubus hondurensis
2284:Rubus gachetensis
2277:Rubus florulentus
2120:Rubus suavissimus
2106:Rubus spectabilis
2001:Rubus parvifolius
1924:Rubus leucodermis
1917:Rubus lasiostylus
1889:Rubus innominatus
1819:Rubus flosculosus
1812:Rubus eustephanos
1735:Rubus aurantiacus
1700:Rubus alexeterius
1688:Rubus adenophorus
1581:Rubus lasiococcus
1519:Rubus chamaemorus
1502:Rubus pectinellus
1462:Rubus parviflorus
1362:Rubus spectabilis
1342:– dwarf raspberry
1301:Rubus parviflorus
1288:– black raspberry
1248:Rubus leucodermis
1180:Rubus flagellaris
1166:Rubus domingensis
1129:Rubus chamaemorus
1077:– garden dewberry
1043:R. phoenicolasius
1017:R. strigosus
855:leaves and flower
681:R. strigosus
659:systematic botany
433:
432:
318:(Dumort.) Greene
263:
16:(Redirected from
5495:
5453:
5452:
5440:
5439:
5427:
5426:
5414:
5413:
5404:
5403:
5391:
5390:
5378:
5377:
5365:
5364:
5359:Panartic Flora:
5355:
5354:
5342:
5341:
5329:
5328:
5319:
5318:
5306:
5305:
5303:NHMSYS0000462570
5293:
5292:
5280:
5279:
5267:
5266:
5254:
5253:
5244:
5243:
5231:
5230:
5218:
5217:
5205:
5204:
5192:
5191:
5179:
5178:
5166:
5165:
5153:
5152:
5140:
5139:
5127:
5126:
5114:
5113:
5101:
5100:
5091:
5090:
5089:
5076:
5075:
5074:
5044:
5043:
5022:Data related to
5021:
5005:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4958:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4947:
4928:
4922:
4903:
4897:
4896:
4860:
4854:
4851:
4845:
4842:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4795:
4789:
4788:
4778:
4760:
4736:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4721:
4710:www.ars.usda.gov
4702:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4681:www.rosaceae.org
4673:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4615:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4552:
4541:
4540:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4493:
4484:
4483:
4482:, Cambridge, MA.
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4428:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4391:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4381:
4353:
4079:Rubus riograndis
4007:Rubus superioris
4001:Rubus stipulatus
3978:Rubus regionalis
3958:Rubus groutianus
3922:Rubus ulmifolius
3906:Rubus sprengelii
3884:Rubus senticosus
3805:Rubus piceetorum
3795:Rubus nitidoides
3715:Rubus laciniatus
3689:Rubus hylophilus
3662:Rubus grabowskii
3617:Rubus furvicolor
3592:Rubus errabundus
3517:Rubus colemannii
3487:Rubus caucasicus
3457:Rubus braeuckeri
3409:Rubus bakerianus
3383:Rubus armeniacus
3307:Rubus roribaccus
3138:Rubus baileyanus
3131:Rubus aboriginum
3088:Rubus wahlbergii
2997:Rubus conjungens
2943:Rubus canadensis
2920:Rubus subsolanus
2719:Rubus squarrosus
2588:Rubus pyrifolius
2553:Rubus moluccanus
2511:Rubus hunanensis
2497:Rubus glomeratus
2427:Rubus bambusarum
2420:Rubus assamensis
2406:Rubus acuminatus
2354:Rubus peruvianus
2326:Rubus irasuensis
2319:Rubus imperialis
2270:Rubus fagifolius
2263:Rubus eriocarpus
2214:Rubus bogotensis
2148:Rubus thibetanus
2134:Rubus sumatranus
2127:Rubus subornatus
2085:Rubus rosifolius
2036:Rubus pinfaensis
2015:Rubus pentagonus
1973:Rubus minusculus
1945:Rubus macilentus
1868:Rubus hypargyrus
1847:Rubus hawaiensis
1805:Rubus ellipticus
1770:Rubus copelandii
1664:Rubus tsangiorum
1650:Rubus nepalensis
1643:Rubus amphidasys
1434:Rubus deliciosus
1412:
1411:
1385:Rubus ulmifolius
1347:Rubus rosifolius
1273:– snow raspberry
1263:Rubus nepalensis
1256:Rubus moluccanus
1240:Rubus laciniatus
1220:– swamp dewberry
1203:Rubus hawaiensis
1173:Rubus ellipticus
1159:Rubus deliciosus
1121:Rubus canadensis
1105:Rubus armeniacus
1074:Rubus aboriginum
1033:leaves and berry
789:West Carpathians
589:aggregate fruits
324:Neck. ex Greene
277:Rubus fruticosus
259:
143:
142:
124:
114:
51:
47:Temporal range:
39:
38:
21:
5503:
5502:
5498:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5493:
5492:
5478:Rosaceae genera
5463:
5462:
5461:
5456:
5448:
5443:
5435:
5430:
5422:
5417:
5409:
5407:
5399:
5394:
5386:
5381:
5373:
5368:
5360:
5358:
5350:
5345:
5337:
5332:
5324:
5322:
5314:
5309:
5301:
5296:
5288:
5283:
5275:
5270:
5262:
5257:
5249:
5247:
5239:
5234:
5226:
5221:
5213:
5208:
5200:
5195:
5187:
5182:
5174:
5169:
5161:
5156:
5148:
5143:
5135:
5130:
5122:
5117:
5109:
5104:
5096:
5094:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5070:
5069:
5064:
5051:
5014:
5009:
5008:
4999:
4997:
4990:
4974:
4970:
4959:
4955:
4945:
4943:
4930:
4929:
4925:
4917:Wayback Machine
4904:
4900:
4877:10.2307/2656957
4861:
4857:
4852:
4848:
4843:
4839:
4831:
4829:
4822:
4796:
4792:
4737:
4728:
4719:
4717:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4690:
4688:
4675:
4674:
4670:
4661:
4659:
4646:
4645:
4641:
4632:
4630:
4617:
4616:
4607:
4598:
4596:
4583:
4582:
4578:
4569:
4567:
4554:
4553:
4544:
4537:
4523:
4519:
4510:
4508:
4495:
4494:
4487:
4462:
4458:
4448:
4446:
4430:
4429:
4422:
4413:
4411:
4393:
4392:
4388:
4379:
4377:
4355:
4354:
4350:
4345:
4332:
4322:, a variant of
4293:
4229:R. invisus
4162:R. ursinus
4128:R. ursinus
4112:
4093:Rubus trivialis
4013:Rubus uniformis
3953:Rubus dissensus
3936:Rubus vigorosus
3889:Rubus separinus
3869:Rubus scheutzii
3782:Rubus nigricans
3776:Rubus nessensis
3736:Rubus linkianus
3709:Rubus insularis
3679:RUbus hartmanii
3637:Rubus georgicus
3622:Rubus fuscoater
3597:Rubus erythrops
3572:Rubus echinatus
3502:Rubus cimbricus
3475:Rubus canescens
3424:Rubus bertramii
3414:Rubus bavaricus
3404:Rubus axillaris
3345:Rubus adspersus
3340:Rubus adornatus
3265:Rubus leviculus
3254:Rubus ithacanus
3192:Rubus exsularis
3180:Rubus depavitus
3159:Rubus centralis
3067:Rubus nemorosus
3018:Rubus dumetorum
2912:Rubus recurvans
2877:Rubus oklahomus
2847:Rubus frondosus
2802:rose blackberry
2698:Rubus nebulosus
2684:Rubus cissoides
2677:Rubus australis
2644:Rubus tiliaceus
2637:Rubus tephrodes
2616:Rubus sieboldii
2532:Rubus kawakamii
2455:Rubus elongatus
2347:Rubus nubigenus
2298:Rubus glabratus
2291:Rubus giganteus
2242:Rubus coriaceus
2155:Rubus trianthus
2141:Rubus teledapos
2071:Rubus racemosus
1959:Rubus mesogaeus
1938:Rubus lutescens
1910:Rubus komarovii
1896:Rubus inopertus
1707:Rubus alpestris
1626:Rubus gunnianus
1595:Rubus saxatilis
1567:Rubus fockeanus
1481:Rubus calycinus
1407:
1377:Rubus trivialis
1357:– stone bramble
1354:Rubus saxatilis
1339:Rubus pubescens
1228:– red raspberry
820:
808:
729:
625:
620:
529:
429:
378:(Focke) Börner
300:
299:
283:
280:
258:
137:
115:
113:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
49:
48:
45:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5501:
5491:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5454:
5441:
5437:wfo-4000033581
5428:
5415:
5405:
5392:
5379:
5366:
5356:
5343:
5330:
5320:
5307:
5294:
5281:
5268:
5255:
5245:
5232:
5219:
5206:
5193:
5180:
5167:
5154:
5141:
5128:
5115:
5102:
5092:
5077:
5061:
5059:
5053:
5052:
5041:
5040:
5029:
5028:at Wikispecies
5013:
5012:External links
5010:
5007:
5006:
4988:
4968:
4953:
4923:
4898:
4855:
4846:
4837:
4820:
4790:
4726:
4697:
4668:
4639:
4605:
4589:www.rhs.org.uk
4576:
4542:
4535:
4517:
4501:Dictionary.com
4485:
4456:
4420:
4386:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4331:
4328:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4287:
4281:
4275:
4265:
4259:
4245:
4235:
4222:
4220:R. idaeus
4209:
4203:
4193:R. idaeus
4186:
4176:R. idaeus
4169:
4166:R. idaeus
4136:R. idaeus
4111:
4110:Hybrid berries
4108:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4070:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4051:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4032:
4029:Rubus wheeleri
4025:
4016:
4009:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3981:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3955:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3942:Rubus vulgaris
3938:
3933:
3929:Rubus vestitus
3925:
3918:
3913:
3911:Rubus sulcatus
3908:
3903:
3898:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3849:Rubus rosaceus
3846:
3841:
3836:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3811:Rubus plicatus
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3756:Rubus montanus
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3711:
3706:
3704:Rubus infestus
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3664:
3659:
3657:Rubus gordonii
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3632:Rubus gelertii
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3607:Rubus foliosus
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3577:Rubus egregius
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3552:Rubus diversus
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3522:Rubus concolor
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3471:
3468:Rubus calvatus
3464:
3459:
3454:
3452:Rubus boreanus
3449:
3444:
3442:Rubus bloxamii
3439:
3434:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3394:Rubus arrhenii
3391:
3379:
3374:
3367:
3362:
3360:Rubus ammobius
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3317:
3312:
3303:
3298:
3291:
3286:Rubus multifer
3282:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3227:Rubus grimesii
3223:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3199:Rubus fecundus
3195:
3188:
3186:Rubus enslenii
3183:
3176:
3169:
3166:Rubus curtipes
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3119:Rubus hispidus
3115:
3107:Sect. Hispidi
3105:
3104:
3103:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3084:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3046:Rubus gothicus
3042:
3035:
3028:
3025:Rubus eluxatus
3021:
3014:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2969:Rubus aureolus
2965:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2946:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2924:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2856:Rubus laudatus
2852:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2794:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2736:Rubus loxensis
2724:
2723:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2669:Micranthobatus
2663:
2662:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2630:Rubus swinhoei
2626:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2546:Rubus lineatus
2542:
2535:
2528:
2525:Rubus irenaeus
2521:
2514:
2507:
2500:
2493:
2486:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2434:Rubus buergeri
2430:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2308:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2256:Rubus eggersii
2252:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2228:Rubus bullatus
2224:
2221:Rubus briareus
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2165:
2162:Rubus trifidus
2158:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2043:Rubus pinnatus
2039:
2032:
2029:Rubus pileatus
2025:
2018:
2011:
2008:Rubus peltatus
2004:
1997:
1994:Rubus palmatus
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1931:Rubus ludwigii
1927:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1903:Rubus irritans
1899:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1854:Rubus hirsutus
1850:
1843:
1840:Rubus grayanus
1836:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1784:Rubus coreanus
1780:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1742:Rubus biflorus
1738:
1731:
1724:
1721:Rubus apetalus
1717:
1714:Rubus amabilis
1710:
1703:
1696:
1684:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1657:Rubus tricolor
1653:
1646:
1636:Dalibardastrum
1631:
1630:
1629:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1560:Rubus arcticus
1548:
1547:
1546:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1522:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1458:
1455:Rubus odoratus
1451:
1444:
1441:Rubus koehleri
1437:
1430:
1406:
1405:
1401:Rubus vestitus
1397:
1389:
1381:
1373:
1370:Rubus tricolor
1366:
1358:
1350:
1343:
1335:
1328:
1320:
1312:
1305:
1304:– thimbleberry
1297:
1293:Rubus odoratus
1289:
1281:
1274:
1266:
1259:
1252:
1244:
1236:
1229:
1221:
1217:Rubus hispidus
1213:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1184:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1144:Rubus coreanus
1140:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1094:
1090:Rubus arcticus
1086:
1078:
1069:
999:R. spectabilis
934:R. parviflorus
908:R. chamaemorus
810:Main article:
807:
804:
781:Middle Miocene
728:
725:
686:R. idaeus
675:R. idaeus
655:classification
624:
621:
619:
616:
585:hermaphrodites
528:
525:
482:bristleberries
431:
430:
428:
427:
421:
415:
409:
403:
397:
391:
385:
379:
373:
367:
361:
355:
349:
343:
337:
331:
325:
319:
313:
307:
297:
296:
295:
292:
291:
285:
284:
281:
272:
271:
265:
264:
251:
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:
231:
227:
226:
221:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
201:
194:
193:
188:
181:
180:
175:
168:
167:
162:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
131:
130:
126:
125:
117:
116:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
46:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5500:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5451:
5446:
5442:
5438:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5406:
5402:
5397:
5393:
5389:
5384:
5380:
5376:
5371:
5367:
5363:
5357:
5353:
5348:
5344:
5340:
5335:
5331:
5327:
5321:
5317:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5260:
5256:
5252:
5246:
5242:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5224:
5220:
5216:
5211:
5207:
5203:
5198:
5194:
5190:
5185:
5181:
5177:
5172:
5168:
5164:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5146:
5142:
5138:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5120:
5116:
5112:
5107:
5103:
5099:
5093:
5088:
5082:
5078:
5073:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5045:
5039:
5035:
5034:
5030:
5027:
5026:
5020:
5016:
5015:
4995:
4991:
4985:
4981:
4980:
4972:
4964:
4957:
4941:
4937:
4933:
4927:
4921:
4918:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4902:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4859:
4850:
4841:
4827:
4823:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4805:
4801:
4794:
4786:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4768:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4672:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4643:
4628:
4624:
4620:
4614:
4612:
4610:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4580:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4551:
4549:
4547:
4538:
4532:
4528:
4521:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4492:
4490:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4460:
4444:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4427:
4425:
4410:
4406:
4405:
4400:
4398:
4390:
4376:
4372:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4360:
4352:
4348:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4327:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4304:
4302:
4298:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4246:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4168:'Red Antwerp'
4167:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4076:
4074:
4073:Rubus lucidus
4071:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4056:
4055:Rubus ursinus
4052:
4050:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4037:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3994:Rubus setosus
3991:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3964:Rubus junceus
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3864:Rubus sanctus
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3822:Rubus praecox
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3771:Rubus mulleri
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3761:Rubus moschus
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3699:Rubus inermis
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3674:Rubus gremlii
3672:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3557:Rubus drejeri
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3430:Rubus bifrons
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3322:
3321:Rubus steelei
3318:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3272:Rubus meracus
3269:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3248:Rubus invisus
3245:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3112:Rubus fulleri
3109:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3039:Rubus fioniae
3036:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2951:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2933:
2932:
2931:Rubus caesius
2928:
2927:
2926:Sect. Caesii
2925:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2884:Rubus orarius
2881:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2863:Rubus mollior
2860:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2833:Rubus argutus
2830:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2819:Rubus ablatus
2816:
2814:
2813:
2812:Rubus abactus
2809:
2808:
2807:Sect. Arguti
2806:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2777:Rubus alumnus
2774:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2602:Rubus rugosus
2599:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2574:Rubus parkeri
2571:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2375:Rubus shankii
2372:
2370:
2369:
2368:Rubus sapidus
2365:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2305:Rubus glaucus
2302:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2099:Rubus simplex
2096:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2078:Rubus rigidus
2075:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2057:Rubus pungens
2054:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1952:Rubus macraei
1949:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1749:Rubus chingii
1746:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1602:Rubus sierrae
1599:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1588:Rubus pedatus
1585:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1543:Rubus geoides
1540:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1495:Rubus nivalis
1492:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1427:Rubus aliceae
1424:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1393:Rubus ursinus
1390:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1365:– salmonberry
1364:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1309:Rubus pedatus
1306:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1270:Rubus nivalis
1267:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1196:Rubus glaucus
1193:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:Rubus caesius
1110:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1098:Rubus argutus
1095:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1032:
1031:
1030:R. rosifolius
1026:
1019:
1018:
1012:
1005:
1004:
1000:
995:
988:
987:
986:R. hawaiensis
982:
975:
974:
973:R. laciniatus
969:
962:
961:
960:R. fruticosus
956:
949:
948:
943:
936:
935:
930:
923:
922:
917:
910:
909:
904:
897:
896:
895:R. ulmifolius
891:
884:
883:
879:
878:R. ellipticus
874:
867:
866:
861:
854:
853:
848:
841:
840:
835:
828:
827:Rubus caesius
824:
819:
818:
814:
803:
801:
800:morphological
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
724:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
689:
687:
683:
682:
677:
676:
671:
667:
662:
660:
656:
652:
648:
647:hybridization
644:
640:
637:
633:
629:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
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586:
582:
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566:
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199:
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183:
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176:
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170:
169:
166:
165:Tracheophytes
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
146:
141:
136:
132:
127:
123:
118:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
50:Eocene–Recent
44:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5056:
5032:
5024:
4998:. Retrieved
4978:
4971:
4962:
4956:
4944:. Retrieved
4935:
4926:
4919:
4907:
4901:
4868:
4864:
4858:
4849:
4840:
4830:, retrieved
4803:
4793:
4748:
4744:
4718:. Retrieved
4709:
4700:
4689:. Retrieved
4680:
4671:
4660:. Retrieved
4651:
4642:
4631:. Retrieved
4622:
4597:. Retrieved
4588:
4579:
4568:. Retrieved
4559:
4526:
4520:
4509:. Retrieved
4500:
4470:
4459:
4447:. Retrieved
4438:
4433:
4412:. Retrieved
4402:
4396:
4389:
4378:. Retrieved
4364:
4358:
4351:
4323:
4319:
4307:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4271:
4255:
4251:
4241:
4232:
4228:
4219:
4215:
4206:olallieberry
4201:loganobaccus
4200:
4196:
4192:
4184:loganobaccus
4183:
4179:
4175:
4165:
4161:
4158:loganobaccus
4157:
4153:
4144:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4119:
4115:
4113:
4091:
4084:
4077:
4072:
4065:
4053:
4046:
4034:
4027:
4018:
4011:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3940:
3935:
3927:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3839:Rubus radula
3838:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3788:pedemontanus
3786:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3746:Rubus micans
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3684:Rubus hirtus
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:Rubus gratus
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3627:Rubus fuscus
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3602:Rubus fissus
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3582:Rubus eianus
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3512:Rubus clusii
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3473:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3447:Rubus bollei
3446:
3441:
3436:
3428:
3423:
3419:Rubus bayeri
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3381:
3376:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3319:
3314:
3305:
3300:
3293:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3185:
3178:
3173:Rubus deamii
3171:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3145:Rubus bushii
3143:
3136:
3129:
3117:
3110:
3098:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2967:
2960:
2948:
2941:
2929:
2919:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2861:
2854:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2796:
2791:Rubus pugnax
2789:
2784:Rubus pennus
2782:
2775:
2768:
2760:
2754:
2749:
2747:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2717:
2710:
2705:Rubus parvus
2703:
2696:
2691:Rubus moorei
2689:
2682:
2675:
2667:
2665:
2656:
2651:Rubus wardii
2649:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2595:Rubus rolfei
2593:
2586:
2579:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2504:Rubus henryi
2502:
2495:
2488:
2481:
2476:Rubus fockei
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2432:
2425:
2418:
2411:
2404:
2399:Malachobatus
2398:
2396:
2387:
2380:
2373:
2366:
2361:Rubus roseus
2359:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2169:Rubus vernus
2167:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2050:Rubus probus
2048:
2041:
2034:
2027:
2020:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1980:Rubus niveus
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1887:
1880:
1875:Rubus idaeus
1873:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1679:
1673:
1671:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1635:
1633:
1624:
1618:
1616:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1541:
1535:
1533:
1524:
1517:
1511:
1509:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1471:
1469:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1419:
1417:
1408:
1399:
1391:
1383:
1375:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1345:
1337:
1332:Rubus probus
1330:
1322:
1314:
1307:
1299:
1291:
1283:
1278:Rubus niveus
1276:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1246:
1238:
1231:
1225:Rubus idaeus
1223:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1186:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1142:
1135:
1132:– cloudberry
1127:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1072:
1064:
1062:
1054:
1041:
1029:
1015:
1002:
998:
984:
972:
959:
946:
932:
919:
906:
893:
881:
877:
865:R. saxatilis
864:
851:
837:
826:
816:
812:
797:
776:
772:
768:
763:part of the
756:
740:
730:
721:polyphyletic
717:paraphyletic
713:monophyletic
708:
704:
696:
692:
690:
685:
679:
673:
665:
663:
642:
627:
626:
599:
597:
530:
500:
485:
481:
475:
471:blackberries
469:
463:
462:
457:
448:, subfamily
436:
435:
434:
423:
417:
412:Psychrobatia
411:
405:
399:
393:
387:
381:
375:
369:
363:
357:
351:
345:
339:
333:
327:
321:
315:
309:
303:
275:
269:Type species
254:
253:
197:
184:
171:
158:
42:
36:
5236:iNaturalist
5081:Wikispecies
4449:4 September
4268:tummelberry
4248:silvanberry
4238:marionberry
4225:skellyberry
4212:veitchberry
4189:nectarberry
4172:boysenberry
4067:Rubus ictus
3859:Rubus rudis
3587:Rubus ergii
3388:R. discolor
3315:Rubus satis
3152:Rubus celer
2113:Rubus stans
1512:Chamaemorus
1473:Chamaebatus
1420:Anoplobatus
1327:– wineberry
1056:R. hirsutus
1020:raspberries
1003:spectabilis
852:R. odoratus
839:R. arcticus
709:Anoplobatus
670:raspberries
527:Description
517:marionberry
513:boysenberry
503:species or
465:Raspberries
424:Selnorition
388:Melanobatus
370:Dyctisperma
346:Comarobatia
340:Chamaemorus
334:Cardiobatus
328:Calyctenium
230:Subfamily:
178:Angiosperms
5467:Categories
5000:2020-12-29
4963:The Garden
4946:20 January
4832:2021-09-23
4720:2023-09-27
4691:2023-09-27
4662:2023-09-27
4633:2016-02-15
4599:2016-02-15
4570:2023-09-27
4511:2016-02-15
4414:2010-06-27
4380:2010-06-27
4343:References
4284:youngberry
4278:hildaberry
4150:loganberry
4086:Rubus sons
3694:Rubus ieri
3537:Rubus cyri
2798:Rubus rosa
2179:Lampobatus
1693:R. sagatus
1674:Idaeobatus
1619:Diemenicus
1536:Comaropsis
1147:– bokbunja
921:R. caesius
882:obcordatus
632:blackberry
537:herbaceous
509:loganberry
477:dewberries
376:Idaeobatus
5483:Subshrubs
5171:FloraBase
4936:nccpg.com
4767:1664-462X
4399: L."
4291:Etymology
2748:Subgenus
2727:Subgenus
2666:Subgenus
2397:Subgenus
2177:Subgenus
1672:Subgenus
1634:Subgenus
1617:Subgenus
1551:Subgenus
1534:Subgenus
1510:Subgenus
1470:Subgenus
1418:Subgenus
1067:include:
947:R. idaeus
785:Nowy Sacz
727:Phylogeny
604:polyploid
593:drupelets
577:perennial
553:deciduous
549:evergreen
545:rootstock
497:drupelets
493:aggregate
450:Rosoideae
400:Oreobatus
364:Dalibarda
234:Rosoideae
148:Kingdom:
5419:VicFlora
5408:VASCAN:
5401:40027499
5396:Tropicos
5145:eFloraSA
5066:Wikidata
4994:Archived
4940:Archived
4913:Archived
4893:21680348
4826:archived
4785:31921259
4751:: 1615.
4714:Archived
4685:Archived
4656:Archived
4627:Archived
4593:Archived
4564:Archived
4505:Archived
4443:Archived
4404:Tropicos
4336:Mulberry
4330:See also
4316:batology
4312:brambles
4262:tayberry
4244:'Marion'
4124:apomicts
2761:Sections
2729:Orobatus
1553:Cylactis
898:prickles
813:List of
705:Orobatus
701:sections
651:apomixis
639:subgenus
636:dewberry
618:Taxonomy
573:biennial
565:compound
541:prickles
521:tayberry
458:brambles
446:Rosaceae
394:Oligacis
358:Cylactis
322:Bossekia
316:Batidaea
310:Ampomele
289:Synonyms
224:Rosaceae
220:Family:
191:Eudicots
18:Brambles
5277:1292577
5264:34017-1
5215:2988638
5072:Q602740
5036:at the
4885:2656957
4776:6933950
4320:bræmbel
2755:Eubatus
1059:flowers
1046:flowers
976:berries
817:species
806:Species
787:Basin,
753:Miocene
745:Miocene
612:diploid
581:species
579:. Most
452:, with
418:Rubacer
414:Greene
408:Greene
406:Parmena
390:Greene
382:Manteia
352:Cumbata
348:Greene
336:Greene
330:Greene
304:Ametron
250:Genus:
240:Tribe:
214:Rosales
210:Order:
152:Plantae
5450:415940
5370:PLANTS
5352:264405
5339:972648
5323:NZOR:
5202:128837
5189:128837
5124:100947
5098:194512
5095:APDB:
4986:
4891:
4883:
4818:
4783:
4773:
4765:
4533:
4324:bræmel
3785:(syn.
3386:(syn.
3328:Sect.
1691:(syn.
1006:flower
963:flower
950:leaves
937:flower
842:flower
793:Poland
765:Zittau
749:Fossil
735:-aged
733:Eocene
711:to be
608:ploidy
557:simple
555:, and
533:shrubs
505:hybrid
474:, and
420:Rydb.
402:Rydb.
244:Rubeae
204:Rosids
5473:Rubus
5445:WoRMS
5375:RUBUS
5316:23216
5290:24848
5272:IRMNG
5248:IPA:
5241:47544
5228:10574
5176:21508
5163:1RUBG
5150:Rubus
5137:643JJ
5111:84009
5087:Rubus
5057:Rubus
5033:Rubus
5025:Rubus
4908:Rubus
4881:JSTOR
4434:Rubus
4397:Rubus
4359:Rubus
4308:Rubus
4301:ruber
4297:Latin
4140:Rubus
4120:Rubus
4116:Rubus
3330:Rubus
2750:Rubus
1065:Rubus
1001:var.
989:berry
911:fruit
880:var.
829:berry
815:Rubus
775:and †
761:Czech
757:Rubus
741:Rubus
697:Rubus
693:Rubus
666:Rubus
643:Rubus
628:Rubus
610:from
600:Rubus
569:fruit
563:, or
561:lobed
501:Rubus
489:fruit
486:Rubus
442:genus
437:Rubus
426:Raf.
396:Raf.
384:Raf.
372:Raf.
366:Kalm
360:Raf.
354:Raf.
342:Hill
312:Raf.
306:Raf.
255:Rubus
198:Clade
185:Clade
172:Clade
159:Clade
43:Rubus
5411:1629
5383:POWO
5362:6405
5311:NCBI
5285:ITIS
5259:IPNI
5251:6921
5223:GRIN
5210:GBIF
5158:EPPO
5119:BOLD
5106:APNI
4984:ISBN
4948:2015
4889:PMID
4816:ISBN
4781:PMID
4763:ISSN
4531:ISBN
4451:2021
4231:and
4218:and
4195:and
4178:and
924:leaf
707:and
678:and
602:are
583:are
519:and
298:List
55:PreꞒ
5432:WFO
5298:NBN
5197:FoC
5184:FNA
5132:CoL
4873:doi
4808:doi
4771:PMC
4753:doi
4436:L."
771:, †
755:of
719:or
551:or
495:of
5469::
5447::
5434::
5421::
5398::
5385::
5372::
5349::
5336::
5313::
5300::
5287::
5274::
5261::
5238::
5225::
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5199::
5186::
5173::
5160::
5147::
5134::
5121::
5108::
5083::
5068::
4992:.
4938:.
4934:.
4887:.
4879:.
4869:86
4867:.
4824:,
4814:,
4802:,
4779:.
4769:.
4761:.
4749:10
4747:.
4743:.
4729:^
4712:.
4708:.
4683:.
4679:.
4654:.
4650:.
4625:.
4621:.
4608:^
4591:.
4587:.
4562:.
4558:.
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4503:.
4499:.
4488:^
4423:^
4407:.
4401:.
4373:,
4369:.
4363:.
4326:.
4272:R.
4270:,
4256:R.
4252:R.
4250:,
4242:R.
4199:×
4197:R.
4182:×
4180:R.
4156:×
4154:R.
4130:,
3791:).
2757:)
795:.
791:,
747:.
723:.
661:.
595:.
559:,
515:,
511:,
468:,
460:.
282:L.
261:L.
200::
187::
174::
161::
105:Pg
5003:.
4965:.
4950:.
4895:.
4875::
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4787:.
4755::
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4665:.
4636:.
4602:.
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4539:.
4514:.
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4361:"
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4022:–
3987:–
3390:)
3309:–
3288:–
2914:–
2849:–
2800:–
1695:)
641:(
634:/
110:N
100:K
95:J
90:T
85:P
80:C
75:D
70:S
65:O
60:Ꞓ
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
