Church of Scientology

2231:(HAS), established in Arizona on September 10, 1952. In 1954, the HAS became the HASI (HAS International). The Church of Scientology was incorporated in California on February 18, 1954, changing its name to "The Church of Scientology of California" (CSC) in 1956. In 1966, Hubbard transferred all HASI assets to CSC, thus gathering Scientology under one tax-exempt roof. In 1967, the IRS stripped all US-based Scientology entities of their tax exemption, declaring the organization's activities were commercial and operated for the benefit of Hubbard. Controversy followed the organization in those years, but its growth continued in the 1960s. New facilities were formed in Paris (1959), Denmark (1968), Sweden (1969), and Germany (1970). In the 1970s the religion spread through Europe: in Austria (1971), Holland (1972), Italy (1978), and Switzerland (1978). Centers of Scientology were in 52 countries by the time the 80s came in and grew to 74 by 1992. 8184:. Chapter 5, "The Practices of Scientology;" section (a), "Recruitment;" pages 75–76. "a systematic approach to answering the questions should yield systematic variations in the conclusions derived from an analysis of the test scores ... these two methods [for answering the questions of the test] would be expected to produce different, if not complementary, profiles ... These variations in answering the questions did not seem to affect the Oxford Capacity Analysis as the three methods produced remarkably similar profiles ... when each of two diametrically opposed methods of response produces the same extreme deviant scores as the other and as a third "random" response style, we are forced to a position of scepticism about the test's status as a reliable psychometric device." 156: 544:, there was a flurry of activity creating new corporations in the early 1980s to avoid further government scrutiny and to limit and compartmentalize liabilities. The Guardian's Office was replaced with the Office of Special Affairs; Religious Technology Center (RTC) was created, and numerous other corporations sprang up during this period, which acquired the name "corporate sort out" (CSO). The idea was to "create a legally defensible structure that would give Hubbard and the Commodore's Messenger Organization full legal control over Scientology while at the same time insulating both Hubbard and the CMO from any legal liability for running the organizations of Scientology by lying about the level of control they really had." 1663: 2428:. She had previously received the Introspection Rundown in June of that year. She was locked in a room for 17 days, where she died. Her appearance after death was that of someone who had been denied water and food for quite some time, being both underweight and severely dehydrated. Additionally, her skin was covered with over one hundred insect bites, presumably from cockroaches. The state of Florida pursued criminal charges against the Church of Scientology. The organization has repeatedly denied any wrongdoing, and now makes members sign a waiver before Introspection Rundown specifically stating that they (or anyone on their behalf) will not bring any legal action against the organization over injury or death. 47: 4960:

is a sham and is, in fact, a slick device to lure unsuspecting people into Scientology. An acquaintance of mine recently discovered that she had serious liver damage from Narconon's bogus "purification" program and she now cannot get health insurance coverage. Another Scientology front group to beware of is the CCHR or Citizens Commission on Human Rights. The CCHR is using tax-exempt funds in a covert campaign to discredit psychiatric-psychology treatment. The CCHR has an extensive network of agents that are distributing distortions about psychiatric treatment and medications such as Prozac and Ritalin. This is a very dangerous thing and people should be aware that it is going on. / Jim Beebe / Northbrook

1161: 1769: 1621:. During Hubbard's years at Saint Hill, he traveled extensively, providing lectures and training in Australia, South Africa in the United States, and developing materials that would eventually become Scientology's "core systematic theology and praxis". While in Saint Hill, Hubbard worked with a staff of nineteen and urged others to join. On September 14, 1959, he wrote: "Here, on half a hundred acres of lovely grounds in a mansion where we have not yet found all the bedrooms, we are handling the problems of administration and service for the world of Scientology. We are not very many here and as the sun never sets on Scientology we are very busy thetans." 646: 1780: 1740: 2539:, COS drafted several contracts, releases and waivers which all individuals must sign in order to start any service with COS, no matter how small or introductory. They must be signed again before any major service, and new contracts signed for each Scientology corporate entity the individual visits. One particular waiver—called the "Lisa Clause" by critics of Scientology—states that a member will not seek any psychiatric treatment, and gives permission for the Church of Scientology to detain any member suspected of a psychotic break or other serious mental breakdown. Such detention is to provide the 2543:, a procedure where an individual is kept isolated from everyone, with no communication. This controversial procedure was considered to be the cause of McPherson's death and, in order to prevent future lawsuits, the Church of Scientology compiled these one-sided contracts.The contracts also prohibit the individual from obtaining any copies of records related to them while granting COS the exclusive right to retain the documents. Individuals waive the right to sue COS in a court of law, and instead they must use Scientology's version of an arbitration (which L. Ron Hubbard never wrote about). 655: 666: 1674: 686: 1868: 2471:. Her friends and co-inhabitants claim she was in good spirits and showed no signs of a mental breakdown, but the report from the organization said she was "depressed, irresponsible, hyper-critical and lacking in harmony". A few hours later she committed suicide by jumping from her balcony at her dorm room leaving a note telling her family she was sorry for not "being good for anything". The incident has brought forward heavy criticism of the organization from friends, family and prominent Norwegian politicians. 973:(or RPF), a forced labour and re-education program against reputedly delinquent members of the Sea Org, which involves long days of hard labor, restricted food, and substandard living conditions. Ex-members have reported physical abuse and that members are prevented from leaving with threats and coercion. Teenagers as young as twelve years old have been assigned to the RPF, and there have been reports of children laboring for considerably longer than eight hours a day, and physical and sexual abuse of minors. 1595: 1222: 675: 511:(HASI), a religious fellowship, was established to be the managing umbrella organization over all other organizations. In late 1954, Hubbard made the official announcement that Scientology was a religion. In 1954, the first Church of Scientology was incorporated in California, which in 1956 was renamed to the Church of Scientology of California. That organization was to become the 'mother church' over hundreds of smaller churches and missions of Scientology until 1981 when that status was passed to the 2484: 1760: 1917: 485: 2335:. Using blank paper known to have been handled by Cooper, Scientologists forged bomb threats in her name. When fingerprints on them matched hers, the Justice Department began prosecution, which could have sent Cooper to prison for a lengthy term. The organization's plan was discovered at the same time as its Operation Snow White actions were revealed. All charges against Cooper were dismissed, though she had spent more than $ 20,000 on legal fees for her defense. 1584: 1749: 717:. All service organizations are separate corporate entities, are licensed as franchises, and pay a percentage of their gross revenues to International Management. Hubbard's image and writing are ubiquitous in service orgs, and each maintains a corporate-style office set aside for Hubbard's reincarnation, with a plaque on the desk bearing his name, and a pad of paper with a pen for him to continue writing. 1146:. After five years of renovations and upgrades, the 4.5-acre property was reopened in 2016 as "Scientology Media Productions". The facilities included "three soundstages, postproduction tools, control rooms, music studios, mixing rooms, art departments, scene shops, radio booths, screening rooms, a magazine production space, a live-events hub" and 136,000 square feet of space. In 2018, they launched the 6454: 695: 1524: 4907:"A major purpose of Scientology is to destroy psychiatry and replace it with its own pseudo-counselling techniques. And CCHR is one of Scientology's front-group weapons attempting to achieve that goal," says Stephen Kent, a University of Alberta sociologist specializing in new religions and cults. Scientology holds that psychiatrists are "cosmic demons", he says. 2080:

lines to help fund the several million dollar building purchases. This resulted in less money to spend on normal services like training and auditing, so the new orgs became desolate. Staff pay, which is dependent upon weekly org income, was often reduced to a few dollars a week. A 2010 survey of former Scientologists by former Church of Scientology executive

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tax-exempt nonprofit organization. In addition, Scientology also dropped more than fifty lawsuits against the IRS when this settlement was reached. Scientology cites its tax exemption as proof the United States government accepts it as a religion. In January 2009, removal of the tax exemption was rated as number 9 in items for the incoming

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membership without courses or auditing is possible. According to a sociological report entitled "Scientology: To Be Perfectly Clear", progression between levels above "clear" status cost $ 15,760.03 in 1980 (equivalent to $ 58,279 in 2023). Scientologists can choose to be audited by a fellow Scientologist rather than by a staff member.

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publicly announced his embracement of Dianetics, and has been actively promoting Dianetics, while stating he has not become a Scientologist. He has courted a relationship with the Church of Scientology, and materials and certifications are still required to be purchased from the organization, and are

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by Scientology literature. The test, despite its name and the claims of Scientology literature, has no connection to Oxford University or any other research body. Scientific research into three test results came to the conclusion that "we are forced to a position of skepticism about the test's status

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The crime committed by these defendants is of a breadth and scope previously unheard of. No building, office, desk, or file was safe from their snooping and prying. No individual or organization was free from their despicable conspiratorial minds. The tools of their trade were miniature transmitters,

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In some countries, such as Israel, Scientology is treated legally as a commercial enterprise, and not as a religion or charitable organization. In early 2003, in Germany, The Church of Scientology was granted a tax-exemption for the 10% license fees sent to the US. This exemption, however, is related

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Dangerous program / In a letter to Fence Post (Dec. 12), Susan Stozewski of the Chicago Church of Scientology attempts to promote a drug rehab program called Narconon. I wish to warn readers that Narconon is a front group for the Church of Scientology. I found from personal experience that Narconon

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In addition, the organization has been implicated in kidnapping members who have recently left the organization. In 2007, Martine Boublil was kidnapped and held for several weeks against her will in Sardinia by four Scientologists. She was found on January 22, 2008, clothed only in a shirt. The room

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Starting in 2003 Miscavige began pressuring local Churches of Scientology to purchase larger facilities to use as Scientology centers which would be renovated to become "Ideal Orgs". The theory was "If you build it they will come." This push has included the acquisition of many historic buildings, a

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In 2008, the Church of Scientology and its large network of corporations, nonprofits and other legal entities were estimated to bring in around 500 million US dollars in annual revenue. Scientologists can attend classes, exercises or counseling sessions for a set range of "fixed donations"; however,

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has said that the organization's estimates of its membership numbers are exaggerated: "You're talking about anyone who ever bought a Scientology book or took a basic course. Ninety-nine percent of them don't ever darken the door of the church again." Melton has stated that if the claimed figure of 4

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Hubbard had official control of the organizations until 1966 when he publicly resigned, though he continued to give orders to executives, secretly running the organizations. Although Hubbard maintained no formal position within Scientology's management structure, he remained firmly in control of the

6447:"2011 National Household Survey: Data tables – Religion (108), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (11), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey" 2338:

On January 22, 2013, attorneys for the organization, as well as some of its members, reacted toward the CNN News Group for its airing of a story covering the release of a book published by a former member, entitled 'Going Clear', published earlier the same year. CNN News Group then chose to publish

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reported that support for Scientology in Switzerland had experienced a steady decline from 3,000 registered members in 1990 to 1,000 members and the organization was said to be facing extinction in the country. A Church of Scientology spokesperson rejected the figures claiming that the organization

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headquarters, the Pacific Area Command Base – often referred to as "PAC Base" or "Big Blue", after its blue paint job. Adjacent buildings include headquarters of several internal Scientology divisions, including the American Saint Hill Organization, the Advanced Organization of Los Angeles, and the

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The most important achievement of the Saint Hill period was Hubbard's execution of the Saint Hill Special Briefing Course (SHBC). It was delivered by Hubbard from March 1951 to December 1966 and, within the Church of Scientology, is considered the best training course for budding "auditors" in the

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Scientology Publications Limited was incorporated as long ago as 30th January 1954. Mr. Hubbard holds 51 out of 57 £1 shares issued. Both he and his wife were appointed directors on 24th November 1955. He - but not she - resigned on 30th December 1966. No annual returns have been filed since 31st

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Working with lawyer Bill Drescher, we drafted and implemented one-sided agreements that everyone who partakes in scientology services is required to sign—forfeiting the right to sue and any rights to access the records of scientology services, and even giving scientology authorization to hold the

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street. Following the collision, she exited her vehicle, stripped naked and showed further signs of mental instability, as noted by a nearby ambulance crew that subsequently transported her to a nearby hospital. Hospital staff decided that she had not been injured in the accident, but recommended

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With its membership numbers dwindling, Scientology's ideal org campaign has been called "a real estate scam", a "money-making scam", and "Scientology's principle cash cow". Scientologists were heavily pressured during lengthy fundraising sessions to donate all their money and even open new credit

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In the years since its foundation, the Flag Land Base has expanded as the Church of Scientology has gradually purchased large amounts of additional property in the downtown and waterfront Clearwater area. Scientology's largest project in Clearwater has been the construction of a high-rise complex

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for $ 2.3 million. Because the reported tenant was the "United Churches of Florida" the citizens and City Council of Clearwater did not realize that the building's owners were actually the Church of Scientology until after the building's purchase. Clearwater citizens' groups, headed by Mayor

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This became the worldwide headquarters of Scientology through the 1960s and 1970s. Hubbard declared Saint Hill to be the organization by which all other organizations would be measured, and he issued a general order (still followed today) for all organizations around the world to expand and reach

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By all appearances, Noah Lottick of Kingston, Pa., had been a normal, happy 24-year-old who was looking for his place in the world ... his fingers were still clutching $ 171 in cash, virtually the only money he hadn't yet turned over to the Church of Scientology, the self-help 'philosophy'

6118:] estimates of its membership numbers – 4 million in the United States, 8 to 9 million worldwide – are exaggerated. "You're talking about anyone who ever bought a Scientology book or took a basic course. Ninety-nine percent of them don't ever darken the door of the church [ 4680:

The Distribution Center is the organization that sells books, booklets including back issues of Ability, etc., and the E-meter device. The Distribution Center is the only organization from which the books, booklets, etc. and the Emeter can be bought. (JA 35) The Distribution Center is a separate

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Los Angeles, California, has the largest concentration of Scientologists and Scientology-related organizations in the world, with the Church of Scientology's most visible presence being in the Hollywood district of the city. The organization owns a former hospital on Fountain Avenue which houses

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World Institute of Scientology Enterprises (WISE), which licenses the use of Hubbard's management doctrines, and circulates directories of WISE-affiliated businesses. WISE requires those who wish to become Hubbard management consults to complete training in Hubbard's administrative systems; this

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is the organization at the top of the Scientology hierarchy. RTC was established in 1982, and controls the Dianetics and Scientology trademarks. In 1987, David Miscavige took over control of RTC and is the head of RTC; officially Chairman of the Board, or COB. RTC employs lawyers and has pursued

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The Church of Scientology's CST chairman of the board, David Miscavige, led the opening and dedication of the 377,000-square-foot Flag Building on November 17, 2013. The multi-million cathedral is the new spiritual headquarters of Scientology. The fifth and sixth floor contain the "Super Power

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There are many independently chartered organizations and groups which are staffed by Scientologists, and pay license fees for the use of Scientology technology and trademarks under the control of Scientology management. In some cases, these organizations do not publicize their affiliation with

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administration to investigate, as determined in an internet poll run by the presidential transition team soliciting public input for the incoming administration. The U.S. State Department has criticized Western European nations for discrimination against Scientologists in its published annual

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recruitment since at least 1955, when L. Ron Hubbard created "Project Celebrity", offering rewards to Scientologists who recruited targeted celebrities, and another church document pointed to the importance of "using Scientology celebrities to mold the opinions of their publics." According to

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article, in the 1980s the Los Angeles branch largely switched from using the organization's members in harassment campaigns to using private investigators, including former and current Los Angeles police officers. The reason seemed to be that this gave the organization a layer of protection.

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The organization sued and lost repeatedly for 26 years trying to regain its tax-exempt status. The case was eventually settled in 1993, at which time the organization paid $ 12.5 million to the IRS—greatly less than IRS had initially demanded—and the IRS recognized the organization as a

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report; never updated since. As a "sect", it has had numerous disputes with the French justice system. The authorities accused it of practicing "mental destabilization", and in 1995 the first French association of the Church of Scientology was liquidated for not paying its taxes to the tax

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The Church of Scientology denies the legitimacy of any splinter groups and factions outside the official organization, and has tried to prevent independent Scientologists from using officially trademarked Scientology materials. Independent Scientologists, also known collectively as the

2157:. Early official reports in countries such as the United Kingdom (1971), South Africa (1972), Australia (1965) and New Zealand (1969) have yielded unfavorable observations and conclusions. Sociologist Stephen Kent published at a Lutheran convention in Germany that he likes to call it a 1016:

individuals and groups who have legally attacked Scientology or who are deemed to be a legal threat to Scientology. This has included breakaway Scientologists who practice Scientology outside the central organization, and critics, as well as numerous government and media organizations.

1395:" program as a way to participate in community outreach projects. Volunteer Ministers travel to the scenes of major disasters to provide assistance with relief efforts. According to critics, these relief efforts consist of passing out copies of a pamphlet authored by Hubbard entitled 2248:

to a German-American double-taxation agreement, and is unrelated to tax-exemption in the context of charities law. Unlike many well-established religious organizations, Scientology maintains strict control over its names, symbols, religious works and other writings. The word

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In the 2006 New Zealand census, 357 people identified themselves as Scientologists, although a spokesperson for the organization said there were between 5,000 and 6,000 Scientologists in the country. Earlier census figures were 207 in the 1991 census, 219 in 1996, and 282 in

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Kent, while acknowledging that a number of his colleagues accept Scientology as a religion, argues that "Rather than struggling over whether or not to label Scientology as a religion, I find it far more helpful to view it as a multifaceted transnational corporation, only

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The deaths of some Scientologists have brought attention to the organization, both due to the circumstances of their demises and their relationship with Scientology being a factor. In 1995, Lisa McPherson was involved in a minor automobile accident while driving on a

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L. Ron Hubbard appointed Mary Sue Hubbard to take control of certain aspects of legal protection for the organization in 1968, and the Office of The Guardian was created with its head office situated at Saint Hill Manor. Under The Guardian's Office (later renamed the

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and their bank accounts seized. Hundreds of mission holders lost or closed their missions and in 1983 there were just forty missions left in the US. Until the 1990s, few people opened new missions and the push was directed towards celebrities to open missions:

945:'s private navy, and adopted naval uniforms and ranks. Today, all Scientology management organizations are exclusively staffed with Sea Org members. The Sea Org maintains strict codes for its members, beginning with a symbolic billion-year pledge of service to 2447:

sanctioned by Scientology. The death of Elli Perkins at the hands of a disturbed family member, one whose disease could have been treated by methods and medications banned by Scientology, again raised questions in the media about the organization's methods.

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or OSA), organization members and contracted staff later organized and committed one of the largest penetrations of United States federal agencies ever perpetrated by an organization not affiliated with a foreign government (that is, one such as the

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and a commercial enterprise. Some of the organization's actions also brought scrutiny from the press and law enforcement. For example, it has been noted to engage in harassment and abuse of civil courts to silence its critics, by identifying as

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and is the home of Scientology's media production studio, Golden Era Studios. Several Scientology executives, including David Miscavige, live and work at the base. Therefore, Gold Base is Scientology's international administrative headquarters.

728:. They are independently owned by a "mission holder" and licensed to operate by the Church of Scientology. These offer beginning services to newcomers to Scientology, then push their clients to higher level service orgs. Missions are managed by 4439: 1720:

Program", which includes specially designed machines that Scientologists believe allow users to develop new abilities and experience enlightenment. The building also includes a dining facility, course rooms, offices and small rooms for "

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Scientology president Heber Jentszch admitted several years ago that the six million number does not represent current membership but the total amount of people who have ever, since the founding in 1954, taken even a single Scientology

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As of 2023, the Bridge Publications print and distribution center, located at 5600 E Olympic Blvd, Commerce, California, occupies 185,000 square feet and prints the organization's magazines and other Scientology materials. The center's

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In 1986, after the death of L. Ron Hubbard, Pat and Annie Broeker presented documents from Hubbard showing they had been promoted to "Loyal Officers" and were named as Hubbard's successors in managing the Sea Org. However, a year later

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Hubbard was well aware of the value of corporate structures as weapons in the control of both his movement and its environment. A complex corporate structure maximizes the difficulty of surveillance, or investigation of the movement's

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since its inception and variously described as abusive and illegal. Former Sea Org members have stated that punishments in the late 1960s and early 1970s included confinement in hazardous conditions such as the ship's chain locker.

4697: 8888: 2219:, the former inspector general of the Religious Technology, has spoken out against church activities. He has called for a "Scientology Reformation" to eliminate corruption and bring back the original teachings of L. Ron Hubbard. 4681:

corporation ... owned by the Founding Church of Scientology. (JA 99) Orders are sent to Box 242, Silver Spring, Maryland. (JA 163) The premises of the Distribution Center, Inc., 1812 19th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. (JA 3)

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reported that there were 55,000 adults in the United States who consider themselves Scientologists. A 2008 survey of American religious affiliations by the US Census Bureau estimated there to be 25,000 Americans identifying as

4610: 2361:, said, "No one I know goes so far as to hire outsiders to harass or try to get intimidating data on critics. Scientology is the only crowd that does that." It has apparently continued as recently as 2010. In 2007, when 2260:) is a registered trademark. Religious Technology Center, the owner of the trademarks and copyrights, takes a hard line on people and groups who attempt to use it in ways unaffiliated with the Church of Scientology (see 584:

Today, what we call "Scientology" is in reality a remarkably complex network of ostensibly independent but clearly interconnected corporate entities. ... with a centralized bureaucracy and hierarchical structure. ...

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believes has been pursued to imbue the Church with historical significance and distract from its controversies. For renovations of these buildings, the Church of Scientology has relied heavily on manual labor from

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and the L's rundowns. It is also the chief training organization for Class V org staff to train for their posts (these students are called "outer org trainees"). FSO also operates an Advanced org which offers the

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found that there were 25,000 Scientologists in the US. Some of these were not considered to be members of the organization. A 2008 Trinity College survey similarly concluded there were 25,000 Scientologists. The

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The 2001 United Kingdom census contained a voluntary question on religion, to which approximately 48,000,000 chose to respond. Of those living in England and Wales who responded, a total of 1,781 said they were

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The church kept a low profile, paying professional lobbyists to press its cause or relying on CCHR, which skeptics call a front group designed to recruit Scientologists and replace psychiatry with Dianetics.

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The Scientology organization has continued to aggressively target people it deems suppressive. In 1998, regarding its announcement that it had hired a private investigator to look into the background of a

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These centers are operated by a local Church of Scientology and are small "store front" locations with the purpose of selling books and offering very basic services to get people interested in Scientology.

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In order to facilitate the continued expansion of Scientology, the organization has made efforts to win allies in the form of powerful or respected people. Scientology has had a written program governing

1816:. The Church of Scientology successfully campaigned to have the city of Los Angeles rename one block of a street running through their complex "L. Ron Hubbard Way". The street has been paved in brick. 2511:

in Scientology – include information booths, flyers and advertisement for free seminars and Sunday Services in regular newspapers and magazines, personal contacts, sales of books, and acting classes.

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or performed cooperatively by students for no cost, and members of its most devoted orders can make use of services without any donations bar that of their time. A central tenet of Scientology is its

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In 2006, Australia's national census recorded 2,507 Scientologists nationwide, up from 1,488 in 1996, and 2,032 in 2001. The 2011 census however found a decrease of 13.7 percent from the 2006 census.

4283: 6864: 8358: 6990: 1961:(IAS), the official Church of Scientology membership system since 1984, has never released figures. The organization's spokespersons either give numbers for their countries or a worldwide figure. 1080:

opened one in San Francisco in 2001. According to the Church of Scientology, by 2002 there were 197 missions in the US, and by 2008 there were internationally 3,200 missions across 129 countries.

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Critics say it is improper to fix a donation for religious service; therefore the activity is non-religious. Scientology points out many classes, exercises and counseling may also be traded for

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The church owns a staggering array of properties, from a college on 55 acres in England to a luxury cruise ship. The church often buys historic buildings and refurbishes them in grand fashion. —

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Scientology Missions International is the management organization over the mission network. Missions are small Scientology organizations which recruit new people and deliver basic services and

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published, " the unwary through a wide array of front groups in such businesses as publishing, consulting, health care and even remedial education." Many of the groups are founded on

7021: 5012: 503:. In 1952, Hubbard established the Hubbard Association of Scientologists (HAS), a secular organization, and in 1953 the first Church of Scientology organization was incorporated in 6664: 519:

organization and its affiliated organizations, often using code names and code words to obscure his involvement. When some of the top ranking staff, including Hubbard's wife, were

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Form 1023 – Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code – Church of Scientology International, Washington, DC, August 18, 1993

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If the church indeed had 4 million members in the United States, he says, "they would be like the Lutherans and would show up on a national survey" such as the Harris poll.

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has the capacity to print 55,000 pages per hour. The warehousing and shipping department is fully automated, with the capability of handling half a million items per week.

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Hubbard moved to England shortly after founding Scientology, where he oversaw its worldwide development from an office in London for most of the 1950s. In 1959, he bought

8226: 4528: 9506: 8258: 5449: 5488: 1708:, rallied strongly against Scientology establishing a base in the city (repeatedly referring to the organization as a cult), but Flag Base was established nonetheless. 6130:] indeed had four million members in the United States, he says, "they would be like the Lutherans and would show up on a national survey" such as the Harris poll. 5870: 5043: 2202:, religious scholar Jacob Neusner states that Scientology's "high level of visibility" may be perceived as "threatening to established social institutions". The film 7770: 6060: 5809: 5147:

We know many cult movements that maintain client services as front organizations facilitating recruitment to the sponsoring movement. Examples include Scientology...

2792: 7759:". "the United States Internal Revenue Service in granting full religious recognition and tax exemption to all Churches of Scientology located in the United States" 4470: 2379:

In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.

5634: 5368: 7387: 5663: 4793: 3268: 3114: 2564:("SPs")—opponents or enemies of Scientology. Hubbard himself stated in Ron's Journal '67 "That there were only seven or eight Suppressive Persons on the planet". 7044: 1321: 750:

This organization is what most people think of as "a Church of Scientology". It offers a full range of auditing and auditor training services up to the level of

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The organization has said that it has eight to fifteen million members worldwide, but this figure is known to be an aggrandizing fabrication. Religious scholar

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organization. Scientology groups called "Saint Hill Organizations" located in Los Angeles, Clearwater (Florida), Copenhagen and Sydney still teach this course.

1005:(RTC). The RTC claims to only be the "holder of Scientology and Dianetics trademarks", but is in fact the main Scientology executive organization. RTC chairman 6577: 4745: 3048: 2475:, parliament member, went as far as to say "Everything points to the Scientology cult having played a direct role in making Kaja choose to take her own life". 5394: 5261: 3000: 1682:

Some of the Flag Land Base buildings: The Super Power Building (top, background) and Fort Harrison Hotel (top, foreground), Clearwater Bank building (bottom)

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Founded in 1989, the Association for Better Living and Education (ABLE) is an umbrella organization that administers six of Scientology's social programs:

6860: 9063: 8368: 7655: 7482: 6982: 3901: 908: 508: 443:(CSI) is officially the "Mother Church", and is responsible for guiding the other Scientology centers. Its international headquarters are located at the 8302: 5291: 3853: 3078: 713:

and auditor training. Auditing is the 'counseling', and training teaches how to audit. The levels of auditing and training are charted and described on

7377: 5543: 3955: 9321: 7981: 7077: 4559: 4244: 7566: 6786: 4981: 4089: 2571:, which is the only officially sanctioned external Dianetics organization and the first official non-Scientology Dianetics org since 1953. Minister 770:

is a special class of Class V org where a new large building has been acquired, renovated, and outfitted to David Miscavige's "ideal org" standards.

10169: 8895: 7336: 5689: 5328: 4064:"Scientology and the European Human Rights Debate: A Reply to Leisa Goodman, J. Gordon Melton, and the European Rehabilitation Project Force Study" 2640: 7624: 6730: 6548: 5098: 4493: 3753: 9029: 8275: 4675: 1977: 1652: 1100: 801: 7440: 7108: 6524: 6349: 1637:, will be released and made available to the organization's members when all the major organizations in the world have reached Saint Hill size. 9961: 9361: 8958: 8810: 8531: 8007: 6169: 6023: 2031: 709:

Church of Scientology organizations that are public-facing are called "service orgs". The two main types of services offered to the public are

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Some of the buildings purchased for Ideal Orgs remained vacant and unrenovated for years. For example, in the UK, delayed Ideal Orgs included

854: 8696: 7889:, Joel Sappell, Robert W. Welkes, page A1, June 29, 1990. This story is also available on the Carnegie Mellon University library website as 7505: 941:

within the Church of Scientology network of corporations, but is not itself incorporated. In the 1960s and 1970s, the Sea Org was started as

527:, Hubbard went into deep hiding though continued to manage control over the organizations but this time through intermediaries—predominantly 6887: 6371: 5598: 5222: 3524: 3231: 3207: 871:

is described by the Scientology organization as the highest-ranking Sea Org officer, and is referred to by the organization as its captain.

470:

is described by the Scientology organization as the highest-ranking Sea Org officer, and is referred to by the organization as its captain.

7186: 7013: 6275: 6244: 5832: 5004: 4034: 635: 8447: 7869: 7544: 6231:

HE IS ALSO renowned as the founder of Scientology and the creator of "Dianetics," with an estimated 15 million adherents around the world.

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found that the most cited reason for leaving the Church was the unrelenting pressure to donate to programs such as the Ideal Org program.

780:

A Saint Hill org is a type of service org which trains up through the Class VI course—the Saint Hill Special Briefing Course. Named after

9301: 9068: 8223:""The Means of Getting Someone in the Door": An Inside Look at Scientology's Lavish Production Facilities and Actor Recruitment Strategy" 7799: 6656: 5714: 5067: 4521:""The Means of Getting Someone in the Door": An Inside Look at Scientology's Lavish Production Facilities and Actor Recruitment Strategy" 4371: 3519: 2717: 2241: 2131:, "one of my jobs was to get celebrities active, to convince them to hustle and promote Scientology." The Church of Scientology operates 1958: 1828: 1813: 1300: 8199: 7893: 7156: 3995: 3637: 1699:

The organization was founded in 1975 when a Scientology-founded group called "Southern Land Development and Leasing Corp" purchased the

10408: 10023: 9464: 9396: 8701: 6752: 4676:"The Founding Church of Scientology of Washington, D.C., et al v. United States, 409 F.2d 1146 (D.C. Cir. 1969) - Transcript of Record" 1416: 7854: 7828: 5901: 4824: 2313:

The organization has also in the past made use of aggressive tactics in addressing those it sees as trying to suppress them, known as

2035: 10245: 9010: 7752: 7732: 6925: 6083: 4894: 1840: 1793: 373:

is a group of interconnected corporate entities and other organizations devoted to the practice, administration and dissemination of

8325: 8159: 3533: 1999:

estimated a total of 5,000 – 6,000 Scientologists in that country, and mentioned a count of 12,000 according to Scientology Germany.

9655: 9650: 9645: 9640: 9635: 9604: 5416: 2389:, in 2010 during which he was followed and filmed on multiple occasions and one of his interviewees was followed back to his home. 2149:

While some governments now give the Church of Scientology protections and tax relief, other sources describe the organization as a

2104: 1953: 1405:". Accounts of the Volunteer Ministers' effectiveness have been mixed, and touch assists are not supported by scientific evidence. 8034: 7275: 6142: 5951: 4221: 2740: 2309:

lock picks, secret codes, forged credentials and any other device they found necessary to carry out their conspiratorial schemes.

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are those groups named or operated in such a way as to disguise their association with the Church of Scientology (COS). COS uses

347: 7313: 7123: 6838: 6625: 4581:

Swainson, Michelle (2016). "The Price of Freedom: Scientology and Neoliberalism". In Lewis, James R.; Hellesøy, Kjersti (eds.).

4304: 3173: 2968: 788:. Several organizations operate the function of a Saint Hill org coupled with an Advanced org in a single corporation, such as: 8951: 8860: 8222: 6959: 5511: 5186:

Westbrook, Donald A. (2015). "Saint Hill and the Development of Systematic Theology in the Church of Scientology (1959–1967)".

4520: 8255: 5480: 1938:

symbols on the ground caused media interest and a local TV station broke the story in November 2005. According to a report in

9954: 8474: 7951: 6487: 6224: 6198: 5159: 4771: 4141: 3505: 3491: 2768: 2688: 2228: 1367:

lobby organization whose stated mission is to "eradicate abuses committed under the guise of mental health." It operates the

893: 8944: 5862: 2535:

Due to previous litigation against the Church of Scientology, and particularly the civil and criminal cases surrounding the

10299: 10162: 9401: 8937: 8902: 8874: 8821: 8678: 8130: 6106:

Melton, who has been criticized by some for being too easy on Scientology, and has been criticized by the church [

6052: 5801: 5035: 2304:

by Hubbard. In the trial which followed the discovery of these activities the prosecution described their actions as such:

1992:, the national census agency, reported a total of 1,745 Scientologists nationwide, up from 1,525 in 2001 and 1,220 in 1991. 1472:

as a Scientology enterprise. The company now distances itself from the views of its founder, who moved on to become CEO of

1339: 479: 191: 7778: 393:, and the Church of Scientology has been described by government inquiries, international parliamentary bodies, scholars, 10048: 9316: 9005: 8923: 8621: 6657:"Scientology's Money Trail: Celebrities! Tax shelters! Bart Simpson! A glimpse into the finances of the secretive church" 6318: 5360: 4462: 3940: 2964: 2938: 1969:

million American Scientologists were correct, "they would be like the Lutherans and would show up on a national survey".

1836: 1360: 1354: 875: 512: 440: 17: 7910: 7297:

G. P. C. Kotzé (1972). Report of the Commission of Enquiry into Scientology for 1972 (Report). Republic of South Africa.

5630: 4920: 3750:"The Bridge to Total Freedom : Scientology Classification Gradation and Awareness Chart of Levels and Certificates" 3456: 3265: 2891:

Cottrell, Richard (1999). Recommendation 1412: Concernant les activités illégales des sectes (Report). Conseil d'Europe.

2076:. As of 2018, the Church of Scientology claims it had purchased 70 buildings and opened 60 Ideal Orgs around the globe. 961:

Critics of Scientology have spoken out against the disciplinary procedures and policies of the Sea Org, which have been

10393: 9492: 9289: 9093: 7414: 5659: 4617: 2842: 1056: 1027: 758:. They were called Class V orgs because the auditor training level up to Clear was called the "Class V auditor course". 10078: 9982: 9758: 9741: 9679: 9660: 9422: 9176: 8969: 8691: 8491: 8405: 7709: 7607: 6405: 5232: 4590: 4433: 4355: 3797: 3581: 3496: 3322: 3062: 2902: 2864: 2585: 1630: 1427: 218: 9527: 6569: 4749: 4694:"Press release: Church of Scientology Flips the Switch on 185,000-Square-Foot Dissemination and Distribution Center" 2942: 2523:

signee against their will should they have a psychotic episode so they can participate in the Introspection Rundown.

10418: 10398: 9181: 8611: 5390: 5272: 2417:

observation or admission at the hospital and checked herself out against medical advice after a short evaluation.

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of the historically significant buildings, which had remained largely vacant and undeveloped since their purchase.

1369: 8095: 5608: 2713: 1662: 1373:

exhibit which is open to the public in CCHR's building on Sunset Boulevard. It has been described by critics as a

1060: 10367: 10250: 10155: 9672: 9108: 8867: 8663: 6603: 1808: 1171:(incorporated 1981 in California) is the publisher for Scientology books and magazines in the United States, and 46: 8073: 5996: 4723: 10083: 10000: 9411: 9151: 9053: 9017: 8556: 5699: 5132: 4606: 3722: 3677: 3413: 3368: 1935: 1266:

of Author Services, spun off from Bridge Publications in 2002. Author Services and Galaxy Press are located at

1245: 1206: 996: 981:, stated that as a child she often worked 14 hours a day and only got to see her parents once a week, if that. 882: 452: 255: 9562: 4864: 4653: 3894: 2439:, was stabbed to death by her mentally disturbed son. Though Elli Perkins's son had begun to show symptoms of 9975: 9948: 9914: 9818: 9705: 9224: 9219: 9116: 8636: 8298: 5281: 2176: 2144: 1824: 1160: 1085: 433: 312: 5535: 5313:

Farley, Robert (July 18, 2004). "Scientology's town Series: Scientology's town: A two-part special report".

9825: 9630: 9597: 9534: 9443: 9083: 8746: 8438: 7074: 3948: 2670: 2135:

for the use of artists, politicians, leaders of industry, sports figures, and other prominent individuals.

2073: 1883: 1688:

The "worldwide spiritual headquarters" of the Church of Scientology is known as Flag Land Base, located in

970: 863:—which is not a corporation—consisting of the "elite, innermost dedicated core of Scientologists" run as a 448: 332: 94: 9555: 7973: 4551: 2413:

keeping her overnight for observation. Following intervention by fellow Scientologists, McPherson refused

1036:. These were the feeder organizations which sent people into the main Scientology orgs. Previously called 9667: 9311: 9078: 8576: 8541: 8516: 8511: 7570: 7228: 6796: 4973: 4119: 4068: 3614: 2680: 2116: 1876: 1435: 1012: 1002: 992: 755: 714: 586: 413: 322: 240: 201: 107: 7875: 7348: 6722: 4194:"Studying Scientology as an Anti-Democratic Institution: Suggestions and Cautions to Future Researchers" 2630: 1052:

who paid 10% license fees to the Church of Scientology but kept the bulk of their income to themselves.

1048:

and his International Finance Police gutted the network in the early 1980s. Missions were operated by a

9796: 9710: 9331: 9156: 8799: 8781: 8648: 6545: 5088: 3749: 3054: 2385: 2327: 878:(CSI) is officially the "Mother Church", and is responsible for guiding the other Scientology centers. 352: 9541: 7045:"How the Church of Scientology left landmark English properties in danger of going to 'rack and ruin'" 6341: 2443:

as early as 2001, the Perkins family chose not to seek psychiatric help for him and opted instead for

703:

A mission, a Dianetics center, a life improvement center, a Class V org, an Ideal org, an advanced org

9889: 9769: 9746: 9229: 9073: 8881: 8793: 8683: 8467: 7474: 6520: 3669: 3663: 3314: 2366: 2292: 2281: 2170: 2158: 1768: 1438:, which offers Hubbard's management "technology" to professionals such as dentists and chiropractors. 1244:(ASI) represents the literary, theatrical and musical works of L. Ron Hubbard. It is wholly owned by 962: 864: 588:

is the most powerful executive organization within the Scientology empire, and its current chairman,

398: 390: 382: 342: 298: 8015: 6173: 6029: 4133: 2992: 1812:

Church of Scientology of Los Angeles. All these organizations are integrated within the corporation

466:, which is a paramilitary organization for the "elite, innermost dedicated core of Scientologists". 10328: 9921: 9366: 9346: 9121: 8853: 8586: 8501: 6499: 5333: 4414:"Scientology Missions International (SMI): An Immutable Model of Technological Missionary Activity" 4115: 3775: 3771: 3520:"Scientology: Ecclesiastical justice, Part 3 of 3 in a special report on the Church of Scientology" 2597: 2500: 2464: 1493: 1487: 1473: 1401:, and engaging in a method said to calm panicked or injured individuals known in Scientology as a " 1374: 1286: 540: 520: 495:

In 1950, L. Ron Hubbard established organizations to manage activities related to his invention of

405: 8283: 6375: 4425: 3789: 3360: 2357:

writer who had written a series on the organization, Robert W. Thornburg, dean of Marsh Chapel at

1779: 1634: 10111: 9590: 9341: 9166: 8827: 8726: 8721: 8561: 8156:""Ville vært i live i dag hvis hun ikke hadde gått til scientologene" – Innenriks – Dagbladet.no" 7725: 5840: 5739: 5116: 4125: 4031: 3781: 3220: 2553: 2536: 2318: 2285: 2212:, also documents controversies surrounding the organization and its treatment of former members. 2185: 1887: 1205:

from across the entire Scientology network which are printed at the main print center, including

327: 206: 186: 7687:

New Age, Neopagan, and New Religious Movements: Alternative Spirituality in Contemporary America

7536: 7194: 2835:

New Age, Neopagan, and New Religious Movements: Alternative Spirituality in Contemporary America

2191:

In 1979, several Scientology members were convicted for their involvement in the organization's

1195: 645: 10238: 10178: 9805: 9478: 9146: 9126: 8974: 8815: 8711: 8631: 8571: 8506: 7219: 5124: 4829: 4524: 4466: 4000: 2674: 2591: 2472: 1931: 1895: 1739: 1721: 1518: 1033: 710: 561: 417: 386: 337: 235: 10223: 8993: 7890: 7792: 7450: 7164: 5724: 5064: 4379: 3492:"Scientology: The Truth Rundown, Part 1 of 3 in a special report on the Church of Scientology" 2788: 10347: 10207: 10088: 10016: 9855: 9847: 9499: 9376: 9371: 9191: 9171: 9161: 9141: 9131: 9041: 8566: 8195: 7685:

Urban, Hugh (August 31, 2021). "The Church of Scientology: New Religions and Tax Exemption".

7223: 5570: 4077: 4063: 3623: 3609: 3448: 2709: 2603: 2540: 2460: 2425: 1422: 1250: 938: 785: 569: 425: 279: 155: 5417:"Trump won this little chunk of Los Angeles, where half of voters are linked to Scientology" 3352: 1500:

to promote its interests in politics, to make itself appear legitimate, and to recruit. The

911:(HASI), and from 1966 until the 1980s it was the Church of Scientology of California (CSC). 10388: 10293: 10073: 10055: 9841: 9700: 9471: 9391: 9136: 8761: 8460: 6475: 5893: 5719: 5671: 5642: 4834: 3115:"Hubbard's Church 'Unconstitutional': Germany Prepares to Ban Scientology – SPIEGEL ONLINE" 3088: 2444: 2301: 2273: 2192: 2049: 1713: 1397: 1333: 1263: 1241: 1232: 1202: 1041: 974: 552:

had wrested power from the Broekers and became the leader of the Scientology organization.

524: 361: 139: 8129:[The strange kidnapping that embarrasses Scientology] (in French). Bellaciao.org. 7749: 7729: 6917: 6285: 6252: 6093: 1426:

training can be undertaken at any Church of Scientology, or at one of the campuses of the

841: 824:

staff for the confidential upper levels to audit and supervise others on OT levels V-VIII.

8: 10305: 10202: 9989: 9968: 9928: 9896: 9386: 9336: 9306: 8889:

New Era Publications International ApS v. Carol Publishing Group and Jonathan Caven-Atack

8837: 8716: 8706: 8626: 8616: 8521: 8155: 8066:"Scientology Schizo: His Mom's Religion Said, No Meds. That Edict May Have Cost Her Life" 7382: 7103: 5992: 5268: 4347: 3854:"INSIDER: How Scientology's 'Ideal Org' scam works, and how members are victimized by it" 3715:

Modern Management Technology Defined: Hubbard dictionary of administration and management

3537: 3485: 3353: 3083: 2421: 2409: 2339:

the reactionary correspondence, with confidential information redacted, on its web site.

2128: 2027: 1940: 1880: 1844: 1700: 1689: 1648: 1392: 1386: 1309: 1147: 1133: 812: 751: 307: 9569: 7271: 2737: 1944:, the organization unsuccessfully attempted to coerce the station not to air the story. 1716:", or Flag Building, which "is the centerpiece of a 160-million construction campaign." 817: 10041: 9882: 9456: 9450: 8805: 8787: 8756: 8751: 8591: 8581: 8551: 8196:"How Scientology's classic 4-step recruiting process convinced one 21-year-old to join" 6791: 6703: 6146: 5959: 5516: 4213: 4193: 4042: 3970: 3916: 3567: 2561: 2371: 2332: 2314: 2277: 2209: 2204: 1903: 1629:"Saint Hill size". The Church of Scientology has announced that the next two levels of 1527:

Locations of major Scientology centers in the United States and the United Kingdom: 1.

1073: 897: 665: 504: 317: 30:

This article is about the institution behind Scientology. For the ideology itself, see

9548: 7309: 6983:"Why has this Church of Scientology building in Old Trafford been empty for 10 years?" 5778: 3399: 3144: 2960: 2424:, a Scientology retreat, to receive a treatment sanctioned by the organization called 2331:, a 1970 exposé book about the organization and its founder. This action was known as 859:

All Scientology management organizations are controlled exclusively by members of the

654: 462:

All Scientology management organizations are controlled exclusively by members of the

9790: 9783: 9485: 9351: 8909: 8766: 8731: 8411: 8401: 7705: 7603: 7445: 6808: 6686:

Bainbridge, William Sims; Rodney Stark (1980). "Scientology: To Be Perfectly Clear".

6633: 6483: 6220: 5987: 5603: 5228: 5203: 5128: 4586: 4429: 4351: 4217: 4137: 3793: 3718: 3673: 3577: 3409: 3364: 3318: 3197: 3058: 2838: 2764: 2684: 2666: 2456: 2358: 2132: 1996: 1989: 1820: 565: 397:, and numerous superior court judgements as both a dangerous cult and a manipulative 8359:"Louis Farrakhan renews call for self-determination among Nation of Islam followers" 6951: 3506:"Death in slow motion: Part 2 of 3 in a special report on the Church of Scientology" 1445:, a publishing company based in Folsom, California. e.Republic publications include 10353: 10117: 9429: 9234: 9214: 9204: 9088: 8988: 8846: 8771: 8653: 8596: 8330: 7237: 6695: 5932: 5195: 5167: 4421: 4398: 4205: 4129: 4081: 3785: 3767: 3627: 1965: 1789: 1610: 1573: 781: 573: 245: 7943: 7310:

The Commission of Inquiry into the Hubbard Scientology Organization in New Zealand

6195: 6170:"Church of Scientology Celebrity Centre International Hosts 35th Anniversary Gala" 4763: 2665:(2001). "Brainwashing Programs in The Family/Children of God and Scientology". In 2560:

within the organization. They are also classified by the Church of Scientology as

2375:, an investigative report about the organization, he was subjected to harassment: 1867: 1673: 10311: 10129: 9834: 9209: 9022: 8363: 8262: 7920: 7897: 7882: 7850: 7824: 7756: 7736: 7081: 6552: 6506: 6202: 5667: 5638: 5138: 5093: 5071: 4634: 4311: 4059: 4046: 4038: 3803: 3728: 3683: 3605: 3587: 3573: 3563: 3419: 3328: 3272: 2917: 2879: 2744: 2662: 2635: 2572: 2568: 2504:

as a reliable psychometric device" and called its scientific value "negligible".

2322: 2227:

From 1952 until 1966, Scientology was administered by an organization called the

2010: 1925: 1832: 1705: 1364: 1045: 1006: 950: 868: 685: 589: 549: 532: 467: 289: 113: 8126: 7567:"Supreme Court of Canada - Decisions - Hill v. Church of Scientology of Toronto" 4158: 3452: 2431:

These charges attracted press coverage and sparked lawsuits. Eight years later,

2017:

In 2011, the "Scientology Association of Finland" had approximately 120 members.

1221: 499:; the organizations went bankrupt and Hubbard moved to Arizona where he started 10413: 10333: 10287: 10265: 10228: 10197: 10105: 9875: 9812: 9776: 9613: 9274: 9254: 9249: 9199: 8442: 8274: 5286: 3710: 2483: 2398: 2150: 1797: 1618: 1280:

List of Scientology organizations § Secular and social management entities

1267: 1225: 942: 886: 488: 456: 196: 71: 6310: 1952:

It is difficult to obtain reliable membership statistics. In the US, the 2008

674: 10382: 10192: 10123: 9513: 9244: 9034: 8606: 8395: 8181: 8003: 7915: 7410: 7241: 6518: 5694: 5685: 5207: 5084: 4928: 4494:"What Is the Church of Scientology Doing With This Los Angeles Movie Studio?" 4085: 3632: 3439: 3304: 2440: 2353: 2216: 1759: 1594: 1505: 1065: 8415: 7768: 5936: 4552:"The Church of Scientology Has Launched a TV Channel. It's Weirdly Familiar" 4245:"Scientology's Shocking Treatment of Children Held in a Suburban Labor Camp" 3807: 3591: 3332: 10255: 10135: 9279: 9264: 9239: 8741: 8643: 8299:"Nation of Islam Auditors graduation held for third Saviours' Day in a row" 7128: 6280: 6167:

Statement of Celebrity Centre Vice President Greg LaClaire, August 7, 2004

6088: 5160:"Scientology: Origins, celebrities and holdings § Scientology's properties" 5142: 5112: 3823: 3770:(2009). "Making Sense of Scientology: Prophetic, Contractual Religion". In 3732: 3687: 3423: 2432: 2402: 2236: 1879:, the entity that oversees Scientology operations worldwide, is located in 1497: 1469: 1402: 1259: 1236: 1210: 1143: 1137: 1116:

Golden Era Productions is a 500+ acre property in California also known as

1086: 1077: 954: 408:

by a U.S. Federal Court. The Church of Scientology itself was convicted of

8931:

Religious Technology Center v. Netcom On-Line Communication Services, Inc.

6406:"New Religion Adherents: An Overview of Anglophone Census and Survey Data" 4463:"L.A.'s KCET-TV Sells Landmark Hollywood Studios to Church of Scientology" 4344:

A Billion Years: My Escape From a Life in the Highest Ranks of Scientology

3484:

The Truth Rundown, a three-part series by Thomas C. Tobin and Joe Childs,

2934: 2676:

Misunderstanding Cults: Searching for Objectivity in a Controversial Field

1336:

Foundation, dedicated to disseminating Hubbard's non-religious moral code.

792:; Copenhagen, Denmark; Johannesburg, South Africa; and Sydney, Australia. 10281: 10147: 9731: 9269: 8483: 7625:"Church of Scientology targets film critics over Going Clear documentary" 7436: 4339: 3405: 2911:. United Kingdom: House of Lords. December 17, 1996. col. 1392–1394. 2557: 2528: 2081: 1916: 1069: 946: 725: 528: 500: 484: 374: 176: 147: 52: 31: 5199: 2789:

European Council, Recommendation 1178: Sects and New Religious Movements

2452:

she was imprisoned in contained refuse and an insect infested mattress.

1421:

Many other Scientologist-run businesses and organizations belong to the

1127: 979:

Beyond Belief: My Secret Life Inside Scientology and My Harrowing Escape

885:(CST) is the organization that owns all the copyrights of the estate of 784:. An Advanced org offers the advanced levels above Clear, including the 455:(CST) is the organization that owns all the copyrights of the estate of 10009: 9692: 9684: 9259: 7378:"Scientology Fiction: The Church's War Against Its Critics – and Truth" 6833: 6707: 6599: 6143:"Statement of Scientology Media Relations Director Linda Simmons Hight" 4209: 3659: 3044: 2830: 2436: 2414: 2096: 2088: 2064: 1465: 1442: 5329:"Church of Scientology Dedicates $ 145 Million 'Super Power' Building" 4276:"Scientology policy enabled years of child sexual abuse, lawsuit says" 4114:

Hellesøy, Kjersti (2014). "Scientology: The Making of a Religion". In

3401:

A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed

2873:. United Kingdom: House of Commons. July 25, 1968. col. 189–191W. 10340: 10233: 9726: 9436: 9058: 9046: 8983: 8526: 7656:"'Clear' and Present Danger: Alex Gibney on His Bold Scientology Doc" 7014:"The Church of Scientology owns the old Royal Fleet Club in Plymouth" 5773: 5450:"Take a tour of Scientology's massive Los Angeles real estate empire" 4719: 3395: 3236: 3215: 2123: 2092: 1930:

The Church of Scientology maintains a large base on the outskirts of

1891: 1862: 1461: 1294: 1117: 1111: 1091:

is a person with a job completely unrelated to the mission network.)

1055:

The new policy was that missions paid a higher percentage to the new

900:, Continental Liaison Offices, and the organizations that manage the 836: 496: 444: 394: 181: 81: 6888:"The Church of Scientology owns the Pitmaston mansion in Birmingham" 6699: 6519:

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (September 19, 2008).

5361:"Tom Cruise Attends Unveiling of Scientology 'Super Power' Building" 2606: – Staff hierarchy, practices, personnel of Scientology network 1410: 1101:

List of Scientology organizations § Publishing houses and media

602:

The main types of organizations within the Scientology network are:

9356: 9326: 7179: 4856: 4649: 3468: 3178: 2997:

United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

2100: 1583: 1327: 1315: 4863:. Citizens Commission on Human Rights International. May 5, 2009. 3310:

Inside Scientology: The Story of America's Most Secretive Religion

2459:, Norwegian parliament member and vice president of the Norwegian 1748: 957:

organization marked by intensive surveillance and lack of freedom.

9582: 9098: 8601: 8546: 7769:

Dan McSwain: The Obama-Biden Transition Team (January 20, 2009).

7157:"The Religious Status of Scientology: Is Scientology a Religion?" 4375: 3665:

The Road to Total Freedom: A Sociological Analysis of Scientology

2907: 2869: 2588: – Current and past corporations of Scientology conglomerate 2488: 2179:

in many countries, Scientology has also been described as both a

2069: 1508:, named disingenuously, and underplay their links to Scientology. 1121: 934: 927: 920: 892:

There are numerous other management organizations, including the

855:

List of Scientology organizations § Management organizations

821: 463: 284: 6829:"Inside the dwindling Minneapolis-St. Paul Scientology movement" 6444: 3895:"Attachment to form 1023 by Church of Scientology International" 3196:(translated) In France, it was classified as a "sect" in a 1995 2567:

In 2010, an exception to the rule was made specifically for the

8658: 6311:"Self-Described Religious Identification Among American Adults" 5925:

Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions

5802:"A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles" 5262:"Scientology: An in-depth profile of a new force in Clearwater" 2594: – Religious community or spiritual group of modern origin 2045: 1614: 1155: 577: 230: 8452: 8280:"Reproduced version of Introspection Rundown Release Contract" 7506:"French Scientologist Sentenced After Church Member's Suicide" 6861:"Church of Scientology opens doors of downtown Detroit center" 6521:"2008 Report on International Religious Freedom – New Zealand" 5481:"How Scientology got L.A. to name street after L. Ron Hubbard" 5105: 4887:"Industry of Death exhibition on psychiatry walks a fine line" 2805:

It is a cool, cynical, manipulating business and nothing else.

2103:(purchased 2009). The delays prompted calls from locals for a 1847:. The ground floor of the Guaranty Building also features the 1001:

The highest authority in the Church of Scientology network is

636:

List of Scientology organizations § Service organizations

560:

The Church of Scientology network operates as a multinational

8776: 8431: 6688:

Sociological Analysis: A Journal in the Sociology of Religion

6372:"Self-Described Religious Identification of Adult Population" 5660:"Scientologists' presence in Inland area dates back to 1960s" 5574:. August 13, 1991. p. 6B California News. Archived from 5005:"Scientologists are in Nepal trying to 'heal' trauma victims" 2787:

Hunt, John; de Puig, Luis; Espersen, Ole (February 5, 1992).

1348: 409: 6276:"Scientology: Church now claims more than 8 million members" 6245:"Scientology: Church now claims more than 8 million members" 6112:] for being too harsh, says that the church's [ 6084:"Scientology: Church now claims more than 8 million members" 3569:

Going Clear: Scientology, Hollywood and the Prison of Belief

2455:

On Friday March 28, 2008, Kaja Bordevich Ballo, daughter of

412:

by a French court in 2009, a decision upheld by the supreme

8668: 4974:"Updated: Scientologists in Haiti: Volunteers or Vultures?" 4305:

Former Scientologist Claims Children Forced Into Labor Camp

2468: 2317:(SPs) first outlined by Hubbard as part of a policy called 2180: 2154: 592:, is widely recognized as the effective head of the church. 429: 421: 378: 250: 4794:"Unwitting highschoolers lured to forum by Scientologists" 3821:

Boyd, Joe (January 4, 1997). "A Mind-bending experience".

1856: 737:

Scientology Life Improvement Centers and Dianetics Centers

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Rossetter, Shelley; Tobin, Thomas C. (October 18, 2012).

6126: 6120: 6114: 6108: 4574: 2478: 2297: 2036:

List of Scientology organizations § Financial trusts

1523: 907:

In the 1950s and 1960s, management was operated from the

694: 420:

government classifies Scientology as an unconstitutional

124: 9507:

A Very Merry Unauthorized Children's Scientology Pageant

8938:

Church of Scientology Intl. v. Time Warner, Inc., et al.

8127:"L'étrange séquestration qui embarrasse la Scientologie" 7073:

Joel Sappell and Robert W. Welkos, Times Staff Writers,

6723:""Château Scientology", The New Yorker, 14 January 2008" 3534:"Index of Truth Rundown and related articles and videos" 3355:

New Religious Movements and Religious Liberty in America

3201:

authorities which had refused it the status of a church.

1835:, the Test Center, and the official headquarters of the 1216: 1044:, they were considered "Scientology's life blood" until 7851:"2003 Annual Report on International Religious Freedom" 7825:"2002 Annual Report on International Religious Freedom" 7793:"2001 Annual Report on International Religious Freedom" 6600:"Scientology losing Swiss support: experts – The Local" 5534:

Hoffman, Claire; Christensen, Kim (December 18, 2005).

5533: 2495:

Members of the public entering a Scientology center or

1430:, which offers an Associate of Applied Science Degree: 1324:, which has a particular interest in religious freedom. 1322:

International Foundation for Human Rights and Tolerance

1312:, educational programs based on Hubbard's "Study Tech". 617: 8035:"Florida Charges Scientology In Church Member's Death" 7908: 7891:"Part 6: Attack the Attacker, On the Offensive . . . " 7616: 7366:

element of which is religious." (Italics in original.)

6685: 5282:"The 1980 Pulitzer Prize Winner in National Reporting" 4611:"Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology" 3137: 3050:

The Church of Scientology: A History of a New Religion

2600: – Organizations pretending to be not-Scientology 2435:, another adherent to Scientology's beliefs regarding 2014:

had 5,000 "passive and active members in Switzerland".

1642: 1457:

is a division of e. Republic that was founded in 1999.

7974:"Reporter John Sweeney followed on Scientology story" 7966: 7369: 7307: 6044: 5863:"Scientologists: How Many Of Them Are There, Anyway?" 5631:"County ordinance raises questions about Scientology" 5391:"Celebrities on hand to open Scientology 'cathedral'" 2716:(Report). State of Victoria, Australia. p. 179. 2240:

International Religious Freedom report, based on the

2138: 1729: 1694:

Church of Scientology Flag Service Organization, Inc.

1128:

Scientology Media Productions and Scientology Network

1094: 1059:(SMI), established 1981, and anyone who objected was 1021: 1009:

is widely seen as the effective head of Scientology.

834:

The name of the service org that operates aboard the

404:

In 1979, several executives of the organization were

7272:

Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology

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Church of Scientology Celebrity Centre International

3705: 3703: 3701: 1997:

German Office for the Protection of the Constitution

1434:

One of the best-known WISE-affiliated businesses is

1040:

and running semi-autonomously under the wing of the

986: 10404:

Organizations based in Riverside County, California

9064:

Hubbard Association of Scientologists International

7909:McLaughlin, Jim; Andrew Gully (February 19, 1998). 7876:

On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes

7472: 7274:(Report). Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London. 7187:"Dispatch online – "New SA rights for Scientology"" 5089:"Scientology: The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power" 3275:

Washington Post By Mark Oppenheimer, August 5, 2007

2786: 2487:A Scientologist administers a stress test using an 2383:Sweeney subsequently made a follow-up documentary, 909:

Hubbard Association of Scientologists International

509:

Hubbard Association of Scientologists International

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Oxford University Press. pp. 325–334. 4411: 3208:"Miviludes 2006 report (English translation)" 3145:"National Assembly of France report No. 2468" 3071: 2392: 1142:In 2011, the Church of Scientology purchased 1068:opened a mission in Wichita, Kansas in 1995, 612: 555: 7475:"Burglaries and Lies Paved a Path to Prison" 5824: 5649: 5188:Alternative Spirituality and Religion Review 4236: 4104: 3996:"Scientology's Hollywood Real Estate Empire" 3883: 3881: 3879: 3744: 3742: 3475: 3350: 3339: 1902:The Church of Scientology bought the former 1156:Bridge Publications and New Era Publications 9302:Association for Better Living and Education 9069:International Association of Scientologists 8150: 8148: 7468: 7466: 7464: 7462: 7460: 7269: 6333: 5949: 5253: 4393:"Celebrity Interview : Jenna Elfman". 4185: 4150: 4134:10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199315314.003.0015 2980: 2825: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2813: 2782: 2780: 2697: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2242:International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 1959:International Association of Scientologists 1829:Association for Better Living and Education 1814:Church of Scientology Western United States 1342:, the youth branch of The Way to Happiness. 1301:Association for Better Living and Education 848: 521:indicted for infiltrating the US government 10177: 10170: 10156: 9605: 9591: 9465:Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath 9397:World Institute of Scientology Enterprises 8702:Church of Scientology editing on Knowledge 8475: 8461: 7996: 6945: 6943: 6822: 6820: 6818: 6390: 5566:"Rural Studio is Scientology Headquarters" 5529: 5527: 4957:(Letters to the Editor). 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Ron Hubbard, Messiah or Madman? 9612: 9094:Scientology Missions International 9059:Golden Era Productions (Gold Base) 9035:Flag Building/Super Power Building 8945:Arenz, Röder and Dagmar v. Germany 8387: 8229:from the original on March 8, 2023 8202:from the original on June 30, 2023 8124: 7805:from the original on July 31, 2019 7224:"Scientology: Religion or racket?" 6950:Cooper, Robert (August 19, 2014). 6580:from the original on June 30, 2012 6527:from the original on July 28, 2011 6426:from the original on July 17, 2007 6404:Lewis, James R. 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Sweden 8482: 8439:Church of Scientology companies 8324:Gray, Eliza (October 5, 2012). 7122:Hyde, Marina (April 18, 2008). 7049:International Business Times UK 7018:International Business Times UK 6892:International Business Times UK 6827:Peters, Joey (March 28, 2018). 5983:"Scientology's Crushing Defeat" 5916: 5885: 5793: 5767:Holland, Gale (June 20, 2001). 5731: 5706: 5623: 5590: 5558: 5510:Daniel Miller (July 21, 2011). 5479:Grad, Shelby (March 31, 2015). 5472: 5409: 5383: 5353: 5321: 5306: 5214: 5166:. June 21, 2009. Archived from 5152: 5058: 5027: 4996: 4965: 4849: 4823:McEwen, Alan (March 18, 2004). 4816: 4756: 4738: 4712: 4618:Her Majesty's Stationery Office 4599: 4543: 4485: 4405: 4386: 4364: 4318:, Tara Dodrill, March 18, 2013. 4298: 4118:; Petersen, Jesper Aa. (eds.). 4020: 3845: 3831: 3814: 3522:. June 23, 2009. Archived from 3508:. June 22, 2009. Archived from 3494:. June 21, 2009. 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Ron Hubbard Life Exhibition 1821:Celebrity Center International 1540: 1464:was founded by Scientologists 1246:Church of Spiritual Technology 1207:Effective Education Publishing 997:Church of Spiritual Technology 883:Church of Spiritual Technology 790:East Grinstead, United Kingdom 767: 453:Church of Spiritual Technology 13: 1: 10260: 9976:Scientology: A History of Man 9915:The Secret of Treasure Island 8697:Books critical of Scientology 7853:. State.gov. March 12, 2007. 7827:. State.gov. March 12, 2007. 7771:"The Citizen's Briefing Book" 7270:John Foster (December 1971). 6602:. Thelocal.ch. July 4, 2011. 6500:Verfassungsschutzbericht 2005 5740:"Scientology's inland empire" 5512:"Historic Hollywood Holdings" 2941: November 19, 1971), 2791:(Report). Council of Europe. 2610: 2145:Scientology status by country 2057: 1603:Some of the Saint Hill campus 1536: 1455:Center for Digital Government 937:is the senior-most status of 793: 564:of companies with personnel, 9706:Relationship with psychiatry 9084:Rehabilitation Project Force 8737:Guardian's Office operations 7944:"Row over Scientology video" 7409:Goodin, Dan (June 3, 1999). 6546:Religion's rise in the stars 5536:"Tom Cruise and Scientology" 4652:. Bridge Publications, Inc. 4416:. In Lewis, James R. (ed.). 4157:Lippard, Jim (Spring 2013). 2576:not independently produced. 2546: 2300:). This operation was named 2175:Though it has attained some 2074:Rehabilitation Project Force 1884:Riverside County, California 1841:Hollywood Guaranty Building) 1330:drug rehabilitation centers. 1175:is the publisher in Europe. 971:Rehabilitation Project Force 860: 831:Flag Ship Service Org (FSSO) 449:Riverside County, California 7: 10059:(official church biography) 9079:Religious Technology Center 8577:Keeping Scientology Working 7980:. BBC. September 27, 2010. 7896:September 20, 2019, at the 7704:. Oxford University Press. 7341:Marburg Journal of Religion 7335:Kent, Stephen (July 1999). 7229:Marburg Journal of Religion 6413:Marburg Journal of Religion 5666:September 26, 2010, at the 4121:Controversial New Religions 4069:Marburg Journal of Religion 4037:September 30, 2019, at the 3615:Marburg Journal of Religion 3182:(in French). May 26, 2009. 2999: October 2, 1981), 2681:University of Toronto Press 2579: 2117:Scientology and celebrities 2021: 1912:Trementina Base, New Mexico 1877:Religious Technology Center 1794:Hollywood Guaranty Building 1436:Sterling Management Systems 1285:Scientology and operate as 1274:Dissemination organizations 1144:KCET-TV's studio facilities 1013:Religious Technology Center 1003:Religious Technology Center 993:Religious Technology Center 756:The Bridge to Total Freedom 715:The Bridge to Total Freedom 623:Dissemination organizations 10: 10435: 9711:Timeline of L. Ron Hubbard 8800:The Secrets of Scientology 8225:. The Hollywood Reporter. 7600:World Religions in America 7075:Courting the Power Brokers 6759:. Caselaw.lp.findlaw.com. 5317:(South Pinellas ed.). 5260:Stafford, Charles (1979). 4124:(2nd ed.). New York: 3147:. assemblee-nationale.fr. 3055:Princeton University Press 2396: 2393:Members' health and safety 2386:The Secrets of Scientology 2328:The Scandal of Scientology 2271: 2200:World Religions in America 2168: 2142: 2114: 2025: 1923: 1860: 1646: 1571: 1516: 1485: 1414: 1384: 1352: 1298: 1277: 1256:Illustrators of the Future 1230: 1209:, Freedom Publishing, and 1131: 1109: 1098: 1025: 990: 925: 918: 914: 852: 809:Clearwater, Florida campus 633: 556:Hierarchy of organizations 477: 473: 29: 10394:Scientology organizations 10363: 10321: 10274: 10216: 10185: 10098: 10066: 10056:The L. Ron Hubbard Series 10033: 9999: 9939: 9906: 9890:Science-Fantasy Quintette 9865: 9757: 9719: 9620: 9523: 9410: 9288: 9190: 9107: 9074:Office of Special Affairs 9030:Flag Service Organization 8968: 8882:Hernandez v. Commissioner 8836: 8794:Scientology as a business 8677: 8490: 7881:October 27, 2013, at the 7080:October 27, 2013, at the 6755:Hernandez v. Commissioner 6505:October 26, 2007, at the 6196:Scientology comes to town 5637:October 14, 2010, at the 4798:The Sydney Morning Herald 4028:Understanding Scientology 3717:. Church of Scientology. 3670:Columbia University Press 3315:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 3271:November 7, 2017, at the 2743:February 4, 2007, at the 2293:Office of Special Affairs 2282:Scientology controversies 2210:the book by the same name 2177:credibility as a religion 2171:Scientology controversies 2159:transnational corporation 1904:Gilman Hot Springs resort 1890:. The facility, known as 1696:, a Florida corporation. 1549: 1169:Bridge Publications, Inc. 865:paramilitary organization 538:After the convictions in 391:a number of controversies 343:Office of Special Affairs 119: 104: 87: 77: 67: 59: 44: 10329:Alhambra Cinema (Israel) 9367:Oxford Capacity Analysis 8854:United States v. Hubbard 8394:Lamont, Stewart (1986). 7700:Lewis, James R. (2009). 7242:10.17192/mjr.2003.8.3724 6478:; Sheen, Juliet (1997), 5221:Lewis, James R. (2009). 5117:Bainbridge, William Sims 4086:10.17192/mjr.2003.8.3725 3633:10.17192/mjr.1999.4.3754 3266:Weird, Sure. A Cult, No. 2598:Scientology front groups 2501:Oxford Capacity Analysis 1494:Scientology front groups 1488:Scientology front groups 1474:Helio (wireless carrier) 1226:Author Services building 1180:Distribution Center Inc. 933:The Sea Organization or 849:Management organizations 747:Central org, Class V org 729: 613:Management organizations 541:United States v. Hubbard 51:Scientology building in 10419:San Jacinto, California 10399:New religious movements 10112:Sara Northrup Hollister 8722:Death of Lisa McPherson 8252:, Church of Scientology 7726:The Wall Street Journal 7598:Neusner, Jacob (2003). 7312:(Report). New Zealand. 7220:Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin 7155:Hexham, Irving (1978). 6987:Manchester Evening News 6663:. 2008 Condé Nast Inc. 6551:August 4, 2007, at the 6215:L. Ron Hubbard (1970). 5937:10.1525/nr.2017.20.4.13 5715:"A place called 'Gold'" 4583:Handbook of Scientology 4310:August 4, 2018, at the 4126:Oxford University Press 3782:Oxford University Press 2903:"Church of Scientology" 2759:Edge, Peter W. (2006). 2537:death of Lisa McPherson 2286:Fair game (Scientology) 1375:Scientology front group 1186:(California 1971), and 963:a source of controversy 794:Los Angeles, California 721:Missions of Scientology 241:Bridge to Total Freedom 10179:Scientology properties 9332:Cult Awareness Network 8261:June 30, 2023, at the 7755:June 15, 2007, at the 7735:June 28, 2003, at the 5365:The Hollywood Reporter 4830:Edinburgh Evening News 4525:The Hollywood Reporter 4467:The Hollywood Reporter 4401:. 2020. pp. 8–11. 4001:The Hollywood Reporter 3858:The Underground Bunker 3219:. 2006. Archived from 2988:United States v. Heldt 2763:. Ashgate Publishing. 2710:Anderson, Kevin Victor 2592:New religious movement 2533: 2492: 2473:Inga Marte Thorkildsen 2381: 2311: 2099:(purchased 2006), and 1932:Trementina, New Mexico 1921: 1896:Golden Era Productions 1894:or "Int", is owned by 1872: 1563: 1553: 1519:Scientology properties 1228: 1165: 1106:Golden Era Productions 600: 492: 399:profit-making business 387:new religious movement 106:Chairman of the Board 10348:Hockley Highlands Inn 10208:Ybor Factory Building 10089:Writers of the Future 9856:Typewriter in the Sky 9742:beliefs and practices 9737:Church of Scientology 9500:A Token of My Extreme 9377:Second Chance Program 9372:Safe Environment Fund 9042:Flag Ship Service Org 9001:Church of Scientology 8712:Death of Elli Perkins 8125:Juliet, Anne-Cécile. 8018:on February 9, 2008. 7439:(December 23, 1999). 7161:University of Calgary 6757:, U.S. Supreme Court" 6378:on September 23, 2015 5727:on November 12, 1999. 5688:(February 8, 2011) . 5571:San Jose Mercury News 5367:. November 18, 2013. 5170:on December 25, 2009. 5070:May 15, 2005, at the 4925:The Salt Lake Tribune 4159:"Scientology Exposed" 4078:University of Marburg 3624:University of Marburg 2993:668 F.2d 1238 2916:July 1, 2019, at the 2878:July 1, 2019, at the 2604:Scientology officials 2556:" are referred to as 2541:Introspection Rundown 2520: 2486: 2426:Introspection Rundown 2420:She was taken to the 2377: 2306: 1948:Membership statistics 1919: 1870: 1555: 1526: 1447:Government Technology 1423:umbrella organization 1251:Writers of the Future 1224: 1163: 786:OT levels I through V 630:Service organizations 607:Service organizations 582: 570:organizational charts 487: 371:Church of Scientology 268:Church of Scientology 219:Beliefs and practices 40:Church of Scientology 10294:L. Ron Hubbard House 10074:Author Services Inc. 9701:L. Ron Hubbard House 9472:My Scientology Movie 8811:Tax status in the US 8762:Operation Snow White 8198:. Business Insider. 8076:on February 10, 2007 7923:on February 10, 2009 7781:on January 20, 2009. 7728:. December 30, 1997 7167:on November 19, 2009 6924:. October 21, 2017. 6661:Condé Nast Portfolio 6288:on December 12, 2007 6249:Deseret Morning News 6201:May 5, 2007, at the 6149:on December 29, 2006 5781:on February 10, 2007 5720:St. Petersburg Times 5690:"Inside Scientology" 5672:The Press-Enterprise 5643:The Press-Enterprise 5611:on February 14, 2009 5423:. January 24, 2017. 5315:St. Petersburg Times 5164:St. Petersburg Times 5121:A Theory of Religion 4955:Chicago Daily Herald 4768:Author Services, Inc 4633:May 3, 2024, at the 4348:Simon & Schuster 4128:. pp. 257–269. 4026:Wakefield, Margery. 3121:. December 7, 2007. 3091:. October 17, 2013. 2683:. pp. 349–358. 2445:alternative remedies 2342:According to a 1990 2302:Operation Snow White 2274:Operation Snow White 2193:Operation Snow White 2050:Doctrine of Exchange 1875:The headquarters of 1714:Super Power Building 1692:. It is operated by 1631:Scientology teaching 1559:St. Petersburg Times 1398:The Way to Happiness 1334:The Way to Happiness 1242:Author Services Inc. 1233:Author Services Inc. 1084: 1061:declared suppressive 975:Jenna Miscavige Hill 818:OT levels VI and VII 525:Operation Snow White 523:in their actions of 10306:One Griswold Street 10203:Fort Harrison Hotel 10079:Bridge Publications 10024:The Road to Freedom 9990:All About Radiation 9969:Science of Survival 9929:Revolt in the Stars 9387:Volunteer Ministers 9337:The Delphian School 9307:Applied Scholastics 8717:Death of Kaja Ballo 8707:Clearwater Hearings 8371:on November 5, 2012 7383:The Washington Post 7347:(1). Archived from 7197:on November 4, 2010 7104:The Washington Post 6841:on October 25, 2018 6799:on October 31, 2013 6059:. Washington Post. 5993:Village Voice Media 5962:on October 18, 2018 5806:The Washington Post 5287:The Pulitzer Prizes 5269:St Petersburg Times 5200:10.5840/asrr2015577 4837:on October 13, 2007 3784:. pp. 83–102. 3540:on January 2, 2010. 3514:on August 10, 2009. 3486:St Petersburg Times 3240:(in French). 2006. 3084:The Daily Telegraph 2562:suppressive persons 2422:Fort Harrison Hotel 2315:Suppressive Persons 2129:Robert Vaughn Young 2105:compulsory purchase 2028:Scientology Finance 1941:The Washington Post 1886:, near the city of 1845:Hollywood Boulevard 1843:are all located on 1701:Fort Harrison Hotel 1690:Clearwater, Florida 1649:Fort Harrison Hotel 1568:Saint Hill, England 1393:Volunteer Ministers 1387:Volunteer Ministers 1381:Volunteer Ministers 1310:Applied Scholastics 1148:Scientology Network 1134:Scientology Network 1087:Sea Org missionaire 813:Super Power Rundown 280:Officials and staff 41: 18:Bridge Publications 10042:Bare-faced Messiah 9883:Ole Doc Methuselah 9352:Moxon & Kobrin 8806:Suppressive person 8788:Scientology and Me 8757:Operation Freakout 8752:Operation Clambake 8582:Marcab Confederacy 8557:Ethics and justice 8400:. London: Harrap. 8286:on March 27, 2021. 8039:The New York Times 7541:The New York Times 7510:The New York Times 7453:on March 12, 2007. 7351:on August 19, 2006 7222:(September 2003). 6792:The New York Times 6176:on August 31, 2007 5898:The New York Times 5837:The New York Times 5517:Hollywood Reporter 5278:on August 9, 2007. 5065:"Scientology Inc." 4861:CCHR International 4800:. March 27, 2007. 4752:on April 26, 2006. 4210:10.1558/imre.19161 4062:(September 2003). 4043:David S. Touretzky 3971:David S. Touretzky 3917:David S. Touretzky 3528:on August 9, 2009. 3500:on August 5, 2009. 3445:The Globe and Mail 3226:on August 9, 2007. 3003:from the original. 2971:from the original. 2945:from the original. 2935: 1 All ER 1023 2667:Zablocki, Benjamin 2493: 2467:while studying in 2372:Scientology and Me 2333:Operation Freakout 2278:Operation Freakout 2268:Illegal activities 2095:(purchased 2007), 1922: 1873: 1798:Information Center 1554: 1513:Bases and campuses 1229: 1201:There are several 1166: 1074:Lisa Marie Presley 898:Watchdog Committee 505:Camden, New Jersey 493: 414:Court of Cassation 318:Suppressive person 256:Ethics and justice 39: 10376: 10375: 10246:Guaranty Building 10145: 10144: 10067:Publishers' sites 9922:Battlefield Earth 9784:Buckskin Brigades 9770:Battlefield Earth 9580: 9579: 9536:Wikimedia Commons 9117:Status by country 9011:Guaranty Building 8767:Project Chanology 8732:Fishman Affidavit 8664:Training routines 7887:Los Angeles Times 7479:Los Angeles Times 7446:Phoenix New Times 7413:. CNET News.com. 7085:Los Angeles Times 6809:The Seattle Times 6636:on August 6, 2020 6630:Uskonnot Suomessa 6576:. June 29, 2012. 6488:978-0-415-15978-4 6226:978-0-8439-0003-3 6219:. Leisure Books. 6032:on August 1, 2013 5988:The Village Voice 5867:The Village Voice 5747:Los Angeles Times 5658:McGavin, Gregor. 5604:Los Angeles Times 5540:Los Angeles Times 5485:Los Angeles Times 5456:. July 26, 2021. 5421:Los Angeles Times 5074:at Newsreview.com 4720:"Author Services" 4620:, London. 70(v). 4609:(December 1971). 4382:on June 27, 2022. 4249:The Village Voice 4198:Implicit Religion 4143:978-0-19-931531-4 3768:Bromley, David G. 3406:Lyle Stuart Books 2770:978-0-7546-3048-7 2690:978-0-8020-8188-9 2457:Olav Gunnar Ballo 2359:Boston University 2344:Los Angeles Times 2133:Celebrity Centres 1990:Statistics Canada 1788:Los Angeles Org, 1182:(Maryland 1955), 1042:Guardian's Office 949:upon initiation. 574:chains of command 367: 366: 353:War on psychiatry 348:Guardian's Office 313:Status by country 133: 132: 16:(Redirected from 10426: 10354:Saint Hill Manor 10172: 10165: 10158: 10149: 10148: 10138:(great-grandson) 10118:Mary Sue Hubbard 9607: 9600: 9593: 9584: 9583: 9572: 9565: 9558: 9551: 9544: 9537: 9530: 9430:Being Tom Cruise 9235:Jessica Feshbach 9215:Shelly Miscavige 9205:Mary Sue Hubbard 9089:Saint Hill Manor 8989:Celebrity Centre 8847:Hubbard v Vosper 8772:Project Normandy 8654:Study Technology 8597:Operating Thetan 8477: 8470: 8463: 8454: 8453: 8435: 8434: 8432:Official website 8419: 8381: 8380: 8378: 8376: 8367:. Archived from 8354: 8348: 8347: 8345: 8343: 8331:The New Republic 8321: 8315: 8314: 8312: 8310: 8294: 8288: 8287: 8282:. Archived from 8272: 8266: 8253: 8245: 8239: 8238: 8236: 8234: 8218: 8212: 8211: 8209: 8207: 8191: 8185: 8178: 8172: 8171: 8169: 8167: 8152: 8143: 8142: 8140: 8138: 8122: 8116: 8115: 8113: 8111: 8100:arhiva.dalje.com 8092: 8086: 8085: 8083: 8081: 8072:. Archived from 8061: 8055: 8054: 8052: 8050: 8030: 8024: 8023: 8014:. Archived from 8000: 7994: 7993: 7991: 7989: 7970: 7964: 7963: 7961: 7959: 7939: 7933: 7932: 7930: 7928: 7919:. Archived from 7906: 7900: 7873: 7867: 7866: 7864: 7862: 7847: 7841: 7840: 7838: 7836: 7821: 7815: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7804: 7797: 7789: 7783: 7782: 7777:. Archived from 7766: 7760: 7746: 7740: 7722: 7716: 7715: 7697: 7691: 7690: 7682: 7676: 7675: 7673: 7671: 7651: 7645: 7644: 7642: 7640: 7620: 7614: 7613: 7595: 7589: 7583: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7569:. 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Archived from 6622: 6616: 6615: 6613: 6611: 6596: 6590: 6589: 6587: 6585: 6566: 6560: 6543: 6537: 6536: 6534: 6532: 6516: 6510: 6497: 6491: 6473: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6462: 6451:12.statcan.gc.ca 6442: 6436: 6435: 6433: 6431: 6425: 6410: 6401: 6388: 6387: 6385: 6383: 6368: 6362: 6361: 6359: 6357: 6337: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6326: 6307: 6301: 6300: 6295: 6293: 6284:. Archived from 6271: 6265: 6264: 6262: 6260: 6255:on June 16, 2008 6251:. Archived from 6240: 6234: 6233: 6212: 6206: 6192: 6186: 6185: 6183: 6181: 6172:. Archived from 6165: 6159: 6158: 6156: 6154: 6139: 6133: 6132: 6103: 6101: 6096:on June 16, 2008 6092:. Archived from 6079: 6073: 6072: 6070: 6068: 6048: 6042: 6041: 6039: 6037: 6028:. Archived from 6019: 6013: 6012: 6006: 6004: 5995:. Archived from 5978: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5958:. Archived from 5947: 5941: 5940: 5920: 5914: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5889: 5883: 5882: 5880: 5878: 5869:. July 4, 2011. 5859: 5853: 5852: 5850: 5848: 5839:. Archived from 5828: 5822: 5821: 5819: 5817: 5797: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5786: 5777:. Archived from 5764: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5744: 5735: 5729: 5728: 5723:. Archived from 5710: 5704: 5703: 5698:. Archived from 5682: 5676: 5656: 5647: 5627: 5621: 5620: 5618: 5616: 5607:. Archived from 5594: 5588: 5587: 5585: 5583: 5562: 5556: 5555: 5553: 5551: 5531: 5522: 5521: 5507: 5501: 5500: 5498: 5496: 5476: 5470: 5469: 5467: 5465: 5454:Business Insider 5446: 5437: 5436: 5434: 5432: 5413: 5407: 5406: 5404: 5402: 5387: 5381: 5380: 5378: 5376: 5357: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5346: 5325: 5319: 5318: 5310: 5304: 5303: 5301: 5299: 5279: 5277: 5271:. Archived from 5266: 5257: 5251: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5183: 5172: 5171: 5156: 5150: 5149: 5109: 5103: 5102: 5081: 5075: 5062: 5056: 5055: 5053: 5051: 5031: 5025: 5024: 5022: 5020: 5000: 4994: 4993: 4991: 4989: 4969: 4963: 4962: 4950: 4944: 4943: 4938: 4936: 4931:on July 14, 2014 4927:. 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No. 363. 4390: 4384: 4383: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4336: 4319: 4302: 4296: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4271: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4240: 4234: 4233: 4231: 4229: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4154: 4148: 4147: 4111: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4056: 4050: 4024: 4018: 4017: 4015: 4013: 3994:Miller, Daniel. 3991: 3978: 3974: 3968: 3966: 3960: 3953: 3944: 3930: 3924: 3920: 3914: 3912: 3906: 3899: 3885: 3874: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3849: 3843: 3842: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3818: 3812: 3811: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3746: 3737: 3736: 3707: 3696: 3695: 3656: 3650: 3649: 3647: 3645: 3635: 3606:Kent, Stephen A. 3602: 3596: 3595: 3564:Wright, Lawrence 3560: 3545: 3541: 3536:. Archived from 3529: 3527: 3515: 3513: 3501: 3499: 3479: 3473: 3472: 3466: 3464: 3442: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3392: 3375: 3374: 3358: 3348: 3337: 3336: 3301: 3276: 3263: 3257: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3227: 3225: 3212: 3203: 3193: 3191: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3111: 3105: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3075: 3069: 3068: 3041: 3004: 2990: 2984: 2978: 2972: 2958: 2952: 2946: 2932: 2926: 2920: 2912: 2899: 2893: 2892: 2888: 2882: 2874: 2861: 2855: 2849: 2848: 2827: 2808: 2807: 2802: 2800: 2784: 2775: 2774: 2756: 2747: 2738:Alternative link 2735: 2730: 2728: 2722: 2706: 2695: 2694: 2663:Kent, Stephen A. 2659: 2653: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2626: 2531: 2465:personality test 1966:J. Gordon Melton 1790:Celebrity Centre 1782: 1771: 1762: 1751: 1742: 1676: 1665: 1611:Saint Hill Manor 1597: 1586: 1574:Saint Hill Manor 1529:Saint Hill Manor 1088: 802:Flag Service Org 782:Saint Hill Manor 697: 688: 677: 668: 657: 648: 598: 158: 135: 134: 129: 126: 95:Riverside County 49: 42: 38: 21: 10434: 10433: 10429: 10428: 10427: 10425: 10424: 10423: 10379: 10378: 10377: 10372: 10359: 10317: 10312:Trementina Base 10270: 10217:California, USA 10212: 10181: 10176: 10146: 10141: 10130:Quentin Hubbard 10094: 10062: 10029: 9995: 9941: 9935: 9902: 9867: 9861: 9835:Slaves of Sleep 9760: 9753: 9715: 9680:Military career 9661:Pseudobiography 9616: 9611: 9581: 9576: 9570: 9563: 9556: 9549: 9542: 9535: 9528: 9519: 9413: 9406: 9294:and recruitment 9293: 9291: 9284: 9225:John Carmichael 9210:David Miscavige 9186: 9103: 9023:Trementina Base 8972: 8964: 8832: 8682: 8673: 8493: 8486: 8481: 8430: 8429: 8426: 8408: 8390: 8388:Further reading 8385: 8384: 8374: 8372: 8364:Tampa Bay Times 8355: 8351: 8341: 8339: 8322: 8318: 8308: 8306: 8295: 8291: 8273: 8269: 8263:Wayback Machine 8246: 8242: 8232: 8230: 8219: 8215: 8205: 8203: 8192: 8188: 8179: 8175: 8165: 8163: 8154: 8153: 8146: 8136: 8134: 8123: 8119: 8109: 8107: 8094: 8093: 8089: 8079: 8077: 8062: 8058: 8048: 8046: 8031: 8027: 8006:(May 6, 1991). 8001: 7997: 7987: 7985: 7972: 7971: 7967: 7957: 7955: 7940: 7936: 7926: 7924: 7907: 7903: 7898:Wayback Machine 7883:Wayback Machine 7874: 7870: 7860: 7858: 7849: 7848: 7844: 7834: 7832: 7823: 7822: 7818: 7808: 7806: 7802: 7795: 7791: 7790: 7786: 7767: 7763: 7757:Wayback Machine 7747: 7743: 7737:Wayback Machine 7723: 7719: 7712: 7698: 7694: 7683: 7679: 7669: 7667: 7652: 7648: 7638: 7636: 7621: 7617: 7610: 7596: 7592: 7586: 7576: 7574: 7573:on May 14, 2009 7565: 7564: 7560: 7550: 7548: 7533: 7529: 7519: 7517: 7502: 7498: 7488: 7486: 7471: 7458: 7434: 7430: 7420: 7418: 7407: 7403: 7393: 7391: 7374: 7370: 7354: 7352: 7333: 7329: 7319: 7317: 7306: 7302: 7295: 7291: 7281: 7279: 7268: 7264: 7254: 7252: 7248: 7217: 7210: 7200: 7198: 7185: 7184: 7180: 7170: 7168: 7153: 7149: 7139: 7137: 7120: 7116: 7095: 7091: 7087:, June 27, 1990 7082:Wayback Machine 7072: 7068: 7058: 7056: 7041: 7037: 7027: 7025: 7010: 7006: 6996: 6994: 6979: 6975: 6965: 6963: 6948: 6941: 6931: 6929: 6916: 6915: 6911: 6901: 6899: 6884: 6880: 6870: 6868: 6859: 6858: 6854: 6844: 6842: 6825: 6816: 6802: 6800: 6783: 6776: 6766: 6764: 6751: 6750: 6746: 6736: 6734: 6719: 6715: 6700:10.2307/3709904 6684: 6680: 6670: 6668: 6653: 6649: 6639: 6637: 6624: 6623: 6619: 6609: 6607: 6598: 6597: 6593: 6583: 6581: 6568: 6567: 6563: 6553:Wayback Machine 6544: 6540: 6530: 6528: 6517: 6513: 6507:Wayback Machine 6498: 6494: 6474: 6470: 6460: 6458: 6443: 6439: 6429: 6427: 6423: 6408: 6402: 6391: 6381: 6379: 6370: 6369: 6365: 6355: 6353: 6338: 6334: 6324: 6322: 6309: 6308: 6304: 6291: 6289: 6272: 6268: 6258: 6256: 6241: 6237: 6227: 6213: 6209: 6203:Wayback Machine 6193: 6189: 6179: 6177: 6168: 6166: 6162: 6152: 6150: 6141: 6140: 6136: 6099: 6097: 6080: 6076: 6066: 6064: 6057:Live discussion 6049: 6045: 6035: 6033: 6020: 6016: 6002: 6000: 5999:on July 9, 2008 5979: 5975: 5965: 5963: 5948: 5944: 5921: 5917: 5907: 5905: 5890: 5886: 5876: 5874: 5861: 5860: 5856: 5846: 5844: 5843:on May 14, 2013 5829: 5825: 5815: 5813: 5798: 5794: 5784: 5782: 5765: 5761: 5751: 5749: 5742: 5736: 5732: 5711: 5707: 5702:on May 2, 2018. 5683: 5679: 5668:Wayback Machine 5657: 5650: 5639:Wayback Machine 5628: 5624: 5614: 5612: 5595: 5591: 5581: 5579: 5578:on May 14, 2011 5564: 5563: 5559: 5549: 5547: 5532: 5525: 5508: 5504: 5494: 5492: 5477: 5473: 5463: 5461: 5448: 5447: 5440: 5430: 5428: 5415: 5414: 5410: 5400: 5398: 5389: 5388: 5384: 5374: 5372: 5359: 5358: 5354: 5344: 5342: 5327: 5326: 5322: 5311: 5307: 5297: 5295: 5280: 5275: 5264: 5258: 5254: 5244: 5242: 5235: 5219: 5215: 5184: 5175: 5158: 5157: 5153: 5135: 5127:. p. 214. 5110: 5106: 5087:(May 6, 1991). 5082: 5078: 5072:Wayback Machine 5063: 5059: 5049: 5047: 5032: 5028: 5018: 5016: 5001: 4997: 4987: 4985: 4970: 4966: 4952: 4951: 4947: 4934: 4932: 4917: 4913: 4900: 4898: 4885: 4884: 4880: 4870: 4868: 4855: 4854: 4850: 4840: 4838: 4821: 4817: 4807: 4805: 4792: 4791: 4787: 4777: 4775: 4762: 4761: 4757: 4744: 4743: 4739: 4729: 4727: 4718: 4717: 4713: 4703: 4701: 4696:. PR Newswire. 4692: 4691: 4687: 4674: 4673: 4669: 4659: 4657: 4648: 4647: 4640: 4635:Wayback Machine 4613: 4604: 4600: 4593: 4579: 4575: 4565: 4563: 4548: 4544: 4534: 4532: 4517: 4513: 4503: 4501: 4490: 4486: 4476: 4474: 4459: 4455: 4445: 4443: 4436: 4410: 4406: 4392: 4391: 4387: 4370: 4369: 4365: 4358: 4337: 4322: 4312:Wayback Machine 4303: 4299: 4289: 4287: 4280:Tampa Bay Times 4272: 4268: 4258: 4256: 4241: 4237: 4227: 4225: 4190: 4186: 4176: 4174: 4155: 4151: 4144: 4116:Lewis, James R. 4112: 4105: 4095: 4093: 4057: 4053: 4047:Carnegie Mellon 4039:Wayback Machine 4025: 4021: 4011: 4009: 3992: 3981: 3977: 3964: 3962: 3958: 3951: 3947: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3910: 3908: 3904: 3897: 3893: 3886: 3877: 3867: 3865: 3850: 3846: 3836: 3832: 3819: 3815: 3800: 3772:Lewis, James R. 3765: 3761: 3748: 3747: 3740: 3725: 3711:Hubbard, L. Ron 3708: 3699: 3680: 3672:. p. 128. 3657: 3653: 3643: 3641: 3603: 3599: 3584: 3574:Alfred A. Knopf 3561: 3548: 3544: 3532: 3518: 3504: 3490: 3480: 3476: 3462: 3460: 3435: 3431: 3416: 3393: 3378: 3371: 3349: 3340: 3325: 3302: 3279: 3273:Wayback Machine 3264: 3260: 3256: 3247: 3245: 3230: 3223: 3210: 3206: 3189: 3187: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3154: 3152: 3143: 3142: 3138: 3128: 3126: 3113: 3112: 3108: 3098: 3096: 3077: 3076: 3072: 3065: 3042: 3007: 2986: 2985: 2981: 2975: 2965:Court of Appeal 2961: F.L.R. 493 2954: 2953: 2949: 2939:Court of Appeal 2928: 2927: 2923: 2918:Wayback Machine 2901: 2900: 2896: 2889: 2885: 2880:Wayback Machine 2863: 2862: 2858: 2852: 2845: 2828: 2811: 2798: 2796: 2785: 2778: 2771: 2757: 2750: 2745:Wayback Machine 2726: 2724: 2720: 2707: 2698: 2691: 2671:Robbins, Thomas 2660: 2656: 2646: 2644: 2627: 2618: 2613: 2582: 2573:Louis Farrakhan 2569:Nation of Islam 2549: 2532: 2527: 2519: 2481: 2405: 2395: 2323:Paulette Cooper 2288: 2272:Main articles: 2270: 2225: 2173: 2167: 2147: 2141: 2119: 2113: 2060: 2038: 2024: 2011:SonntagsZeitung 1985:Scientologists. 1981:Scientologists. 1950: 1928: 1926:Trementina Base 1920:Trementina Base 1914: 1865: 1859: 1833:Author Services 1825:Franklin Avenue 1804: 1803: 1802: 1801: 1785: 1784: 1783: 1774: 1773: 1772: 1764: 1763: 1754: 1753: 1752: 1744: 1743: 1732: 1706:Gabriel Cazares 1686: 1685: 1684: 1683: 1679: 1678: 1677: 1668: 1667: 1666: 1655: 1647:Main articles: 1645: 1607: 1606: 1605: 1604: 1600: 1599: 1598: 1589: 1588: 1587: 1576: 1570: 1545:Trementina Base 1521: 1515: 1510: 1509: 1491: 1483: 1453:magazines. The 1419: 1413: 1389: 1383: 1365:anti-psychiatry 1357: 1351: 1303: 1297: 1282: 1276: 1239: 1231:Main articles: 1219: 1158: 1140: 1132:Main articles: 1130: 1114: 1108: 1103: 1097: 1090: 1046:David Miscavige 1030: 1024: 1007:David Miscavige 999: 989: 959: 958: 951:David Miscavige 931: 923: 917: 869:David Miscavige 857: 851: 707: 706: 705: 704: 700: 699: 698: 690: 689: 680: 679: 678: 670: 669: 660: 659: 658: 650: 649: 638: 632: 599: 596: 590:David Miscavige 558: 550:David Miscavige 533:David Miscavige 482: 476: 468:David Miscavige 290:David Miscavige 272: 223: 169: 123: 114:David Miscavige 110: 100: 55: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10432: 10422: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10401: 10396: 10391: 10374: 10373: 10371: 10370: 10364: 10361: 10360: 10358: 10357: 10351: 10345: 10337: 10336:(South Africa) 10334:Castle Kyalami 10331: 10325: 10323: 10319: 10318: 10316: 10315: 10309: 10303: 10297: 10291: 10288:Fraser Mansion 10285: 10278: 10276: 10272: 10271: 10269: 10268: 10266:Security Trust 10263: 10258: 10253: 10248: 10243: 10242: 10241: 10231: 10229:Christie Hotel 10226: 10224:Château Élysée 10220: 10218: 10214: 10213: 10211: 10210: 10205: 10200: 10198:Flag Land Base 10195: 10189: 10187: 10183: 10182: 10175: 10174: 10167: 10160: 10152: 10143: 10142: 10140: 10139: 10133: 10127: 10121: 10115: 10109: 10106:Margaret Grubb 10102: 10100: 10096: 10095: 10093: 10092: 10086: 10081: 10076: 10070: 10068: 10064: 10063: 10061: 10060: 10052: 10045: 10037: 10035: 10031: 10030: 10028: 10027: 10020: 10013: 10005: 10003: 9997: 9996: 9994: 9993: 9986: 9979: 9972: 9965: 9958: 9951: 9945: 9943: 9937: 9936: 9934: 9933: 9925: 9918: 9910: 9908: 9904: 9903: 9901: 9900: 9893: 9886: 9879: 9876:The Kingslayer 9871: 9869: 9863: 9862: 9860: 9859: 9852: 9845: 9838: 9831: 9823: 9816: 9813:Final Blackout 9809: 9802: 9794: 9791:Death's Deputy 9787: 9780: 9777:Branded Outlaw 9773: 9765: 9763: 9755: 9754: 9752: 9751: 9750: 9749: 9744: 9734: 9729: 9723: 9721: 9717: 9716: 9714: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9698: 9690: 9682: 9677: 9676: 9675: 9665: 9664: 9663: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9633: 9624: 9622: 9618: 9617: 9614:L. Ron Hubbard 9610: 9609: 9602: 9595: 9587: 9578: 9577: 9575: 9574: 9567: 9560: 9553: 9546: 9539: 9532: 9524: 9521: 9520: 9518: 9517: 9510: 9503: 9496: 9489: 9482: 9475: 9468: 9461: 9460: 9459: 9447: 9440: 9433: 9426: 9418: 9416: 9408: 9407: 9405: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9389: 9384: 9379: 9374: 9369: 9364: 9359: 9354: 9349: 9344: 9339: 9334: 9329: 9324: 9319: 9314: 9309: 9304: 9298: 9296: 9286: 9285: 9283: 9282: 9277: 9275:Michelle Stith 9272: 9267: 9262: 9257: 9255:Kendrick Moxon 9252: 9250:Heber Jentzsch 9247: 9242: 9237: 9232: 9227: 9222: 9217: 9212: 9207: 9202: 9200:L. Ron Hubbard 9196: 9194: 9188: 9187: 9185: 9184: 9179: 9177:United Kingdom 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9154: 9149: 9144: 9139: 9134: 9129: 9124: 9119: 9113: 9111: 9105: 9104: 9102: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9086: 9081: 9076: 9071: 9066: 9061: 9056: 9051: 9050: 9049: 9039: 9038: 9037: 9027: 9026: 9025: 9015: 9014: 9013: 9003: 8998: 8997: 8996: 8994:Château Élysée 8986: 8980: 8978: 8966: 8965: 8963: 8962: 8955: 8948: 8941: 8934: 8927: 8920: 8913: 8906: 8899: 8892: 8885: 8878: 8871: 8864: 8857: 8850: 8842: 8840: 8834: 8833: 8831: 8830: 8825: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8796: 8791: 8784: 8779: 8774: 8769: 8764: 8759: 8754: 8749: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8729: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8688: 8686: 8675: 8674: 8672: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8641: 8640: 8639: 8634: 8624: 8619: 8614: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8584: 8579: 8574: 8569: 8564: 8559: 8554: 8549: 8544: 8539: 8538: 8537: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8504: 8498: 8496: 8488: 8487: 8480: 8479: 8472: 8465: 8457: 8451: 8450: 8445: 8443:OpenCorporates 8436: 8425: 8424:External links 8422: 8421: 8420: 8406: 8389: 8386: 8383: 8382: 8349: 8316: 8301:. Final Call. 8289: 8267: 8240: 8213: 8186: 8173: 8144: 8117: 8087: 8056: 8025: 8004:Behar, Richard 7995: 7965: 7934: 7901: 7868: 7842: 7816: 7784: 7761: 7741: 7717: 7710: 7692: 7677: 7646: 7615: 7608: 7590: 7584: 7558: 7527: 7496: 7456: 7428: 7401: 7368: 7327: 7300: 7289: 7262: 7208: 7191:Daily Dispatch 7178: 7147: 7114: 7089: 7066: 7035: 7004: 6973: 6939: 6909: 6878: 6852: 6814: 6774: 6744: 6727:The New Yorker 6713: 6694:(2): 128–136. 6678: 6647: 6617: 6591: 6561: 6559:, July 9, 2007 6538: 6511: 6492: 6468: 6437: 6389: 6363: 6346:The New Yorker 6342:"The Apostate" 6332: 6302: 6266: 6235: 6225: 6217:Final Blackout 6207: 6187: 6160: 6134: 6074: 6043: 6014: 5973: 5942: 5915: 5884: 5854: 5823: 5792: 5759: 5730: 5705: 5686:Reitman, Janet 5677: 5648: 5629:Glick, Julia. 5622: 5589: 5557: 5523: 5502: 5471: 5438: 5408: 5382: 5352: 5320: 5305: 5252: 5233: 5213: 5194:(1): 111–155. 5173: 5151: 5133: 5104: 5085:Behar, Richard 5076: 5057: 5026: 4995: 4964: 4945: 4911: 4878: 4848: 4815: 4785: 4764:"Galaxy Press" 4755: 4737: 4711: 4685: 4667: 4638: 4623:December 1967. 4598: 4591: 4573: 4542: 4511: 4484: 4453: 4434: 4404: 4385: 4363: 4356: 4320: 4297: 4266: 4235: 4204:(2): 167–174. 4184: 4149: 4142: 4103: 4051: 4019: 3979: 3976: 3975: 3945: 3932: 3925: 3922: 3921: 3891: 3887: 3875: 3844: 3830: 3813: 3798: 3759: 3738: 3723: 3697: 3678: 3651: 3597: 3582: 3546: 3543: 3542: 3530: 3516: 3502: 3488: 3481: 3474: 3429: 3414: 3376: 3369: 3338: 3323: 3305:Reitman, Janet 3277: 3258: 3255: 3254: 3228: 3204: 3169: 3162: 3136: 3106: 3070: 3063: 3045:Urban, Hugh B. 3005: 2979: 2973: 2947: 2921: 2894: 2883: 2856: 2850: 2844:978-0520281172 2843: 2831:Urban, Hugh B. 2809: 2776: 2769: 2748: 2696: 2689: 2654: 2615: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2608: 2607: 2601: 2595: 2589: 2581: 2578: 2548: 2545: 2525: 2518: 2515: 2480: 2477: 2399:Lisa McPherson 2394: 2391: 2269: 2266: 2258:L. Ron Hubbard 2224: 2223:Classification 2221: 2169:Main article: 2166: 2163: 2151:pseudoreligion 2143:Main article: 2140: 2137: 2115:Main article: 2112: 2109: 2059: 2056: 2023: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2015: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1993: 1986: 1982: 1949: 1946: 1924:Main article: 1913: 1910: 1881:unincorporated 1861:Main article: 1858: 1855: 1823:is located on 1819:Scientology's 1807:Scientology's 1787: 1786: 1777: 1776: 1775: 1766: 1765: 1757: 1756: 1755: 1746: 1745: 1737: 1736: 1735: 1734: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1681: 1680: 1671: 1670: 1669: 1660: 1659: 1658: 1657: 1656: 1644: 1641: 1619:East Grinstead 1602: 1601: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1581: 1580: 1579: 1578: 1577: 1572:Main article: 1569: 1566: 1547:6. Flag ship, 1533:Flag Land Base 1514: 1511: 1492: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1458: 1439: 1415:Main article: 1412: 1409: 1385:Main article: 1382: 1379: 1353:Main article: 1350: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1337: 1331: 1325: 1319: 1313: 1299:Main article: 1296: 1293: 1275: 1272: 1218: 1215: 1157: 1154: 1129: 1126: 1110:Main article: 1107: 1104: 1096: 1093: 1050:mission holder 1026:Main article: 1023: 1020: 988: 985: 943:L. Ron Hubbard 932: 924: 919:Main article: 916: 913: 887:L. Ron Hubbard 850: 847: 846: 845: 832: 826: 825: 805: 798: 797: 778: 772: 771: 764: 760: 759: 748: 742: 741: 738: 734: 733: 722: 702: 701: 692: 691: 683: 682: 681: 672: 671: 663: 662: 661: 652: 651: 643: 642: 641: 640: 639: 631: 628: 627: 626: 620: 615: 610: 594: 557: 554: 489:L. Ron Hubbard 478:Main article: 475: 472: 457:L. Ron Hubbard 365: 364: 358: 357: 356: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 302: 301: 295: 294: 293: 292: 287: 282: 274: 273: 271: 270: 264: 261: 260: 259: 258: 253: 248: 243: 238: 233: 225: 224: 222: 221: 215: 212: 211: 210: 209: 204: 199: 197:L. Ron Hubbard 194: 189: 184: 179: 171: 170: 168: 167: 163: 160: 159: 151: 150: 144: 143: 131: 130: 121: 117: 116: 111: 105: 102: 101: 99: 98: 91: 89: 85: 84: 79: 75: 74: 72:L. Ron Hubbard 69: 65: 64: 61: 57: 56: 50: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10431: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10390: 10387: 10386: 10384: 10369: 10366: 10365: 10362: 10355: 10352: 10349: 10346: 10343: 10342: 10338: 10335: 10332: 10330: 10327: 10326: 10324: 10320: 10313: 10310: 10307: 10304: 10301: 10298: 10295: 10292: 10289: 10286: 10283: 10280: 10279: 10277: 10273: 10267: 10264: 10262: 10259: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10244: 10240: 10237: 10236: 10235: 10232: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10221: 10219: 10215: 10209: 10206: 10204: 10201: 10199: 10196: 10194: 10191: 10190: 10188: 10184: 10180: 10173: 10168: 10166: 10161: 10159: 10154: 10153: 10150: 10137: 10134: 10131: 10128: 10125: 10124:Ronald DeWolf 10122: 10119: 10116: 10114:(second wife) 10113: 10110: 10107: 10104: 10103: 10101: 10097: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10071: 10069: 10065: 10058: 10057: 10053: 10051: 10050: 10046: 10044: 10043: 10039: 10038: 10036: 10032: 10026: 10025: 10021: 10019: 10018: 10017:Mission Earth 10014: 10012: 10011: 10007: 10006: 10004: 10002: 9998: 9992: 9991: 9987: 9985: 9984: 9980: 9978: 9977: 9973: 9971: 9970: 9966: 9964: 9963: 9959: 9957: 9956: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9946: 9944: 9940:Dianetics and 9938: 9931: 9930: 9926: 9924: 9923: 9919: 9917: 9916: 9912: 9911: 9909: 9905: 9899: 9898: 9894: 9892: 9891: 9887: 9885: 9884: 9880: 9878: 9877: 9873: 9872: 9870: 9864: 9858: 9857: 9853: 9851: 9850: 9849:The Iron Duke 9846: 9844: 9843: 9839: 9837: 9836: 9832: 9830: 9828: 9827:Mission Earth 9824: 9822: 9821: 9820:If I Were You 9817: 9815: 9814: 9810: 9808: 9807: 9803: 9801: 9800:(unpublished) 9799: 9795: 9793: 9792: 9788: 9786: 9785: 9781: 9779: 9778: 9774: 9772: 9771: 9767: 9766: 9764: 9762: 9756: 9748: 9747:controversies 9745: 9743: 9740: 9739: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9724: 9722: 9718: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9696: 9691: 9689: 9688: 9683: 9681: 9678: 9674: 9673:written works 9671: 9670: 9669: 9666: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9628: 9626: 9625: 9623: 9619: 9615: 9608: 9603: 9601: 9596: 9594: 9589: 9588: 9585: 9573: 9568: 9566: 9561: 9559: 9554: 9552: 9547: 9545: 9540: 9538: 9533: 9531: 9526: 9525: 9522: 9516: 9515: 9514:We Stand Tall 9511: 9509: 9508: 9504: 9501: 9497: 9495: 9494: 9490: 9488: 9487: 9483: 9481: 9480: 9476: 9474: 9473: 9469: 9467: 9466: 9462: 9458: 9455: 9454: 9453: 9452: 9448: 9446: 9445: 9441: 9439: 9438: 9434: 9432: 9431: 9427: 9425: 9424: 9420: 9419: 9417: 9415: 9409: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9383: 9380: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9323: 9320: 9318: 9315: 9313: 9310: 9308: 9305: 9303: 9300: 9299: 9297: 9295: 9292:organizations 9287: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9245:Leisa Goodman 9243: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9226: 9223: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9213: 9211: 9208: 9206: 9203: 9201: 9198: 9197: 9195: 9193: 9189: 9183: 9182:United States 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9148: 9145: 9143: 9140: 9138: 9135: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9118: 9115: 9114: 9112: 9110: 9106: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9077: 9075: 9072: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9052: 9048: 9045: 9044: 9043: 9040: 9036: 9033: 9032: 9031: 9028: 9024: 9021: 9020: 9019: 9016: 9012: 9009: 9008: 9007: 9004: 9002: 8999: 8995: 8992: 8991: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8971: 8970:Organizations 8967: 8961: 8960: 8956: 8954: 8953: 8949: 8947: 8946: 8942: 8940: 8939: 8935: 8933: 8932: 8928: 8926: 8925: 8921: 8919: 8918: 8914: 8912: 8911: 8907: 8905: 8904: 8900: 8898: 8897: 8893: 8891: 8890: 8886: 8884: 8883: 8879: 8877: 8876: 8872: 8870: 8869: 8865: 8863: 8862: 8858: 8856: 8855: 8851: 8849: 8848: 8844: 8843: 8841: 8839: 8835: 8829: 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8417: 8413: 8409: 8407:0-245-54334-1 8403: 8399: 8398: 8392: 8391: 8370: 8366: 8365: 8360: 8353: 8337: 8333: 8332: 8327: 8320: 8304: 8300: 8293: 8285: 8281: 8277: 8271: 8264: 8260: 8257: 8256:Courtesy link 8251: 8244: 8228: 8224: 8217: 8201: 8197: 8190: 8183: 8182:Foster Report 8177: 8161: 8157: 8151: 8149: 8132: 8128: 8121: 8105: 8101: 8097: 8091: 8075: 8071: 8070:New York Post 8067: 8060: 8044: 8040: 8036: 8029: 8022: 8017: 8013: 8009: 8005: 7999: 7983: 7979: 7975: 7969: 7953: 7949: 7945: 7938: 7922: 7918: 7917: 7916:Boston Herald 7912: 7905: 7899: 7895: 7892: 7888: 7884: 7880: 7877: 7872: 7856: 7852: 7846: 7830: 7826: 7820: 7801: 7794: 7788: 7780: 7776: 7772: 7765: 7758: 7754: 7751: 7745: 7738: 7734: 7731: 7727: 7721: 7713: 7711:9780199715954 7707: 7703: 7696: 7688: 7681: 7665: 7661: 7660:Rolling Stone 7657: 7650: 7634: 7630: 7626: 7619: 7611: 7609:0-664-22475-X 7605: 7601: 7594: 7588: 7572: 7568: 7562: 7546: 7542: 7538: 7531: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7500: 7484: 7480: 7476: 7469: 7467: 7465: 7463: 7461: 7452: 7448: 7447: 7442: 7438: 7432: 7416: 7412: 7405: 7389: 7385: 7384: 7379: 7372: 7365: 7350: 7346: 7342: 7338: 7331: 7315: 7311: 7304: 7293: 7277: 7273: 7266: 7247: 7243: 7239: 7235: 7231: 7230: 7225: 7221: 7215: 7213: 7196: 7192: 7188: 7182: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7151: 7140:September 11, 7135: 7131: 7130: 7125: 7118: 7110: 7106: 7105: 7100: 7093: 7086: 7083: 7079: 7076: 7070: 7054: 7050: 7046: 7039: 7023: 7019: 7015: 7008: 6992: 6988: 6984: 6977: 6961: 6957: 6953: 6946: 6944: 6927: 6923: 6919: 6913: 6897: 6893: 6889: 6882: 6866: 6862: 6856: 6840: 6836: 6835: 6830: 6823: 6821: 6819: 6810: 6798: 6794: 6793: 6788: 6781: 6779: 6762: 6758: 6756: 6748: 6732: 6728: 6724: 6717: 6709: 6705: 6701: 6697: 6693: 6689: 6682: 6666: 6662: 6658: 6651: 6635: 6631: 6627: 6621: 6605: 6601: 6595: 6579: 6575: 6571: 6565: 6558: 6554: 6550: 6547: 6542: 6526: 6522: 6515: 6508: 6504: 6501: 6496: 6489: 6485: 6481: 6477: 6472: 6456: 6452: 6448: 6441: 6422: 6418: 6414: 6407: 6400: 6398: 6396: 6394: 6377: 6373: 6367: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6336: 6320: 6316: 6312: 6306: 6299: 6287: 6283: 6282: 6277: 6270: 6254: 6250: 6246: 6239: 6232: 6228: 6222: 6218: 6211: 6204: 6200: 6197: 6191: 6175: 6171: 6164: 6148: 6144: 6138: 6131: 6129: 6128: 6123: 6122: 6117: 6116: 6111: 6110: 6095: 6091: 6090: 6085: 6078: 6062: 6058: 6054: 6053:"Scientology" 6047: 6031: 6027: 6026: 6018: 6011: 6003:September 17, 5998: 5994: 5990: 5989: 5984: 5977: 5961: 5957: 5953: 5946: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5926: 5919: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5888: 5872: 5868: 5864: 5858: 5842: 5838: 5834: 5827: 5811: 5807: 5803: 5796: 5780: 5776: 5775: 5770: 5769:"Unfair Game" 5763: 5748: 5741: 5734: 5726: 5722: 5721: 5716: 5709: 5701: 5697: 5696: 5695:Rolling Stone 5691: 5687: 5681: 5674: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5655: 5653: 5645: 5644: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5626: 5610: 5606: 5605: 5600: 5593: 5577: 5573: 5572: 5567: 5561: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5530: 5528: 5519: 5518: 5513: 5506: 5490: 5486: 5482: 5475: 5464:September 11, 5459: 5455: 5451: 5445: 5443: 5431:September 11, 5426: 5422: 5418: 5412: 5396: 5392: 5386: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5356: 5340: 5336: 5335: 5330: 5324: 5316: 5309: 5293: 5289: 5288: 5283: 5274: 5270: 5263: 5256: 5240: 5236: 5234:9780199715954 5230: 5226: 5225: 5217: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5182: 5180: 5178: 5169: 5165: 5161: 5155: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5113:Stark, Rodney 5108: 5100: 5096: 5095: 5090: 5086: 5080: 5073: 5069: 5066: 5061: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5030: 5014: 5010: 5006: 4999: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4968: 4961: 4956: 4949: 4942: 4935:September 23, 4930: 4926: 4922: 4915: 4908: 4901:September 23, 4896: 4892: 4888: 4882: 4866: 4862: 4858: 4852: 4836: 4832: 4831: 4826: 4819: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4789: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4759: 4751: 4747: 4741: 4725: 4721: 4715: 4699: 4695: 4689: 4682: 4677: 4671: 4655: 4651: 4645: 4643: 4636: 4632: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4612: 4608: 4602: 4594: 4592:9789004330542 4588: 4584: 4577: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4546: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4515: 4499: 4496:. LA Weekly. 4495: 4488: 4472: 4468: 4464: 4457: 4441: 4437: 4435:9780199887118 4431: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4408: 4400: 4396: 4389: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4367: 4359: 4357:9781982185763 4353: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4335: 4333: 4331: 4329: 4327: 4325: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4306: 4301: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4270: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4239: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4188: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4153: 4145: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4122: 4117: 4110: 4108: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4070: 4065: 4061: 4060:Kent, Stephen 4055: 4048: 4044: 4040: 4036: 4033: 4030:, Chapter 9. 4029: 4023: 4007: 4003: 4002: 3997: 3990: 3988: 3986: 3984: 3972: 3957: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3934: 3933: 3929: 3918: 3903: 3896: 3892: 3889: 3888: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3848: 3841: 3834: 3826: 3825: 3817: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3799:9780199852321 3795: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3778: 3773: 3769: 3763: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3743: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3706: 3704: 3702: 3694: 3689: 3685: 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2275: 2265: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2254:related terms 2251: 2245: 2243: 2238: 2232: 2230: 2220: 2218: 2217:Marty Rathbun 2213: 2211: 2207: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2194: 2189: 2187: 2182: 2178: 2172: 2162: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2146: 2136: 2134: 2130: 2125: 2118: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2085: 2083: 2077: 2075: 2071: 2066: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2047: 2042: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2005: 2001: 1998: 1995:In 2005, the 1994: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1976:In 2001, the 1975: 1974: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1962: 1960: 1955: 1945: 1943: 1942: 1937: 1933: 1927: 1918: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1900: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1882: 1878: 1869: 1864: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1817: 1815: 1810: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1781: 1770: 1761: 1750: 1741: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1717: 1715: 1709: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1695: 1691: 1675: 1664: 1654: 1650: 1640: 1638: 1636: 1632: 1626: 1622: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1596: 1585: 1575: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1552: 1551: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1525: 1520: 1507: 1506:pseudoscience 1503: 1499: 1495: 1489: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1460:Internet ISP 1459: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1437: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1429: 1424: 1418: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1399: 1394: 1388: 1378: 1376: 1372: 1371: 1366: 1362: 1356: 1346: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1306: 1302: 1292: 1290: 1288: 1281: 1271: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1252: 1247: 1243: 1238: 1234: 1227: 1223: 1214: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1199: 1197: 1191: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1176: 1174: 1170: 1162: 1153: 1151: 1149: 1145: 1139: 1135: 1125: 1123: 1119: 1113: 1102: 1092: 1089: 1081: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1066:Kirstie Alley 1062: 1058: 1053: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1029: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1010: 1008: 1004: 998: 994: 984: 982: 980: 976: 972: 967: 964: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 929: 922: 912: 910: 905: 903: 899: 895: 890: 888: 884: 879: 877: 872: 870: 866: 862: 856: 843: 842:OT level VIII 839: 838: 833: 830: 829: 828: 823: 820:, and trains 819: 814: 810: 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