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41:
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184:
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354:
334:. Around this time it was found that the union's finances were in much poorer shape than had been thought, and the executives decided to undertake risky projects in an attempt to recoup the losses before the problem became public, including developing a resort in Florida. Through mismanagement, these projects ran into difficulty. The problems became visible to the delegates at the June 1927 convention, and Prenter was replaced by
603:
522:
their wives and eligible children who are represented under contracts for group insurance coverage between the
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and the railroad industry." Local units of the group were called branches and was governed by a quadrennial national convention. The association was headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio and had a membership of 30,000 in 1968 and 20,000 in 1979.
315:. Lewis claimed that Stone was closing mines and throwing miners out of work rather than pay the union scale. Stone refuted this, saying the unions had not renewed their agreement, but the mines were being worked on a cooperative plan. He said "We feel sure there are no better satisfied men employed anywhere than in the Coal River Collieries."
162:
was respected by its members. By 1925 it had accumulated large investments to support member benefits and pensions. That year it was found that some of these investments were troubled. The executives launched into risky projects in an attempt to recoup their losses, which failed, forcing a change in leadership. The new grand chief engineer,
306:
as his successor, a man who would have great influence in labor politics. Stone headed the union until 1924. Stone believed that if a worker "wants to join a union, all right, but it is contrary to the principles of free government and the
Constitution of the United States ... to make him join."
504:
and putting in seven new people on the board of directors. The BLET Teamsters publicly came out in support of the plan, saying that "a change at the top is needed" after following the public comments about Shaw and his COO, John Orr. The
Teamsters union represents roughly half of Norfolk Southern's
264:
When Arthur took over, the country was entering a financial depression after the Civil War boom. Wages were unstable, working conditions were poor, and strikes were frequent. Arthur was able to prevent wages from falling further through effective negotiation, and the union became more powerful, and
161:
In the 19th century, the brotherhood generally took a conciliatory approach in dealing with railroad management, preferring to negotiate reasonable demands than to go on strike. The brotherhood was seen as elitist by other railway unions, and sometimes came into conflict during strikes. However, it
521:
The BLE had an insurance association, called the
Locomotive Engineers Mutual Life and Accident Insurance Association. Founded in 1867, membership in the association was open to members of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, their wives, widows, children and grandchildren, as well as "persons,
472:
set up a board to hear the grievances and make recommendations. After lengthy negotiations, union members voted to go on strike on 23 May 1946. The strike stranded travelers, prevented movement of perishable goods and caused concern that many people in war-devastated Europe would starve if grain
467:
Towards the end of 1945 Johnston and the leaders of the other main railroad unions demanded pay increases and a 40-hour work week from the railroads, in line with other industries. Negotiations stalled in
January 1946. Three of the unions were willing to suspend their demands, but Johnston and
322:
plan for tripartite control of the railway industry by labor, capital and the public, and supported similar plans for other industries. In 1924 Stone was made president, with the grand chief engineer and two vice-presidents reporting to him. Stone died on 12 June 1925 of
235:(1883). In the era after the founding of the Big Four, some sixteen other "brotherhoods" of railroad trades organized. Membership qualifications across trades shifted, and the alliances among the brotherhoods (and their chapters) are not always clear.
256:
ordered a reduction of pay, and the engineers went on strike. Charles Wilson publicly criticized their action. The brotherhood called a special meeting in
Cleveland on 25 February 1874 at which Wilson was forced to resign and was replaced by
211:
the name "Brotherhood of the
Footboard" was chosen and Robinson was elected as the first grand chief engineer. It was a mutual aid society which created a variety of accident, death and burial insurance programs for its members.
473:
shipments were delayed. Truman broadcast an appeal to the strikers to return to work, and threatened to call out the army to end the strike. On 25 May the strikers accepted his terms. Johnston retired from the BLE in 1950.
251:
on 17 August 1864 in which they changed their name to the
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and replaced Grand Chief Engineer Robinson with Charles Wilson. The first, radical, phase of the union was over. In 1873 the
307:
Stone and other members of the
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers became owners of the Coal River Collieries, and Stone became chairman of the board of directors of the mine. A dispute arose with
448:. The bank was partly owned by the BLE and he was the chairman. Johnston's conviction was overturned on appeal on the grounds that he was not aware of what was being done. In 1943, during
653:
170:
broke down and the union went on strike for two days, causing nationwide havoc, before coming to an agreement on hours and wages. In 2004 the brotherhood merged with the
Teamsters.
207:
in 1861, but did not make much progress. In April 1863 nineteen locomotive engineers met at Robinson's house and decided to form the brotherhood. At a meeting on 8 May 1863 in
444:
Johnston scrapped the president and vice-president titles and headed the union as grand chief engineer. In 1934 Johnston was convicted of mishandling the funds of the failed
199:
at which it was agreed to form a "National Protective Association of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers of the United States". Benjamin Hoxie was elected president, and
1620:
Guide to Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. Records. 5147. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Martin P. Catherwood Library, Cornell University.
1707:
265:
was held in good esteem by the union members and the railroad managers. After 1877, the BLE was considered less militant than some other brotherhoods, as well as the
1775:
1471:
1646:
481:
The Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers was North America's oldest rail labor union when it merged with the Teamsters in 2004. The union sold its downtown
331:
1614:
327:. At the time of Stone's death the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers had majority interests in enterprises with assets of approximately $ 150,000,000.
1575:
Paul Michel Taillon, "'What We Want Is Good, Sober Men:' Masculinity, Respectability, and Temperance in the Railroad Brotherhoods, c. 1870-1910,"
1785:
1742:
1286:
274:
20:
1208:
1780:
1737:
493:, in March 2015. The union said it would move its headquarters to Independence when its lease at its old property ended in summer 2016.
223:, the BLE was America's earliest labor union. It was the first of the "Big Four" of railroad worker brotherhoods. The others were the
1805:
1800:
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1639:
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616:
461:
1023:
289:
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98:
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Eric Arnesen, "'Like Banquo's Ghost, It Will Not Down': The Race Question and the American Railroad Brotherhoods, 1880-1920,"
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over whether to replace the company's leadership. Earlier in the year, some investors proposed firing Norfolk's CEO
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232:
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Whitney called a strike of the engineers and trainmen to start on 16 March 1946. The strike was delayed when
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224:
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An early attempt to form a union for locomotive engineers was made on 6–9 November 1855 at a meeting in
40:
247:, in which half of the strikers lost their jobs, the Brotherhood of the Footboard held a convention in
1608:
154:). The B of LE took its present name in 2004 when it became a division of the Rail Conference of the
400:
366:
497:
1550:
George R. Horton and H. Ellsworth Steele, "The Unity Issue among Railroad Engineers and Firemen,"
608:
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637:
270:
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1287:"Teamsters Honor 150 Year Anniversary Of The Brotherhood Of Locomotive Engineers And Trainmen"
988:
1487:
1164:
303:
296:
253:
1619:
1394:
460:, were made labor consultants. Johnston also represented the railroad union of the Combined
1163:
Commons, John Rogers; Sumner, Helen Laura; Saposs, David Joseph; et al. (1918-12-01).
921:
453:
8:
1754:
1395:"Conflict at Coal River Collieries: The UMWA vs. the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers"
1111:
324:
200:
1235:
490:
204:
183:
135:
1354:
508:
285:
1493:
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1417:
Stromquist, Shelton (2008). "'Our Rights as Workingmen'". In David O. Stowell (ed.).
1333:
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1087:
335:
163:
1372:
1024:"Activist Ancora endorsed by second Norfolk Southern union, splitting labor support"
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became head of the union. Youngson was on his deathbed, and died on 31 July 1903.
1603:
1445:
1418:
1374:
Report of the Committee Appointed to Investigate the Railroad Riots in July, 1877
647:
577:
482:
167:
1513:
489:) in July 2014. The union purchased new headquarters in the Cleveland suburb of
203:
secretary. The organization held a number of meetings up to the outbreak of the
1747:
1007:"Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen to move HQ to Independence".
715:
319:
220:
1624:
1353:
Orth, Samuel Peter; Lomer, Gerhard Richard; Jefferys, Charles William (1919).
1769:
1717:
1570:
Working for the Railroad: The Organization of Work in the Nineteenth Century.
1444:
Taillon, Paul Michel (2006). "Railroad Brotherhoods". In Eric Arnesen (ed.).
587:
308:
70:
1251:
1190:
Ellaby, Donna G. (2006). "Johnston, Alvanley". In Uebelhor, Tracy S. (ed.).
166:, steered the union until 1950. In 1946 negotiations with the government of
870:
868:
501:
449:
248:
273:. Arthur died unexpectedly on 17 July 1903, and the Grand Assistant Chief
1669:
691:
619:, in Forsyth, Montana, listed on the National Register of Historic Places
583:
258:
131:
1472:"Teamsters Rail Conference Applauds California Vote for High Speed Rail"
1086:. Clifton, New Jersey: James T. White & Company. 1973. p. 557.
865:
1580:
1555:
1545:
1108:"Water Valley Casey Jones Railroad Museum in Water Valley, Mississippi"
395:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
361:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
805:
216:
196:
1563:
American Railroad Labor and the Genesis of the New Deal, 1919-1935.
1267:"History of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers & Trainmen"
509:
Locomotive Engineers Mutual Life and Accident Insurance Association
143:
1132:. Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen. Archived from
853:
1133:
654:
Union Pacific Railroad Co. v. Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers
208:
817:
793:
781:
769:
952:
829:
452:(1939-1945), the government seized the railroads. Johnston and
243:
Following a disastrous strike in July 1864 by employees of the
74:
1356:
The Armies of Labor: A Chronicle of the Organized Wage-earners
1265:
697:
602:
1370:
759:
757:
721:
1615:
History of Railroad Fraternities in Marin County, California
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874:
754:
568:
Edward Hall serves as the national president of the BLET.
1596:
1147:
976:
964:
892:
811:
744:
742:
109:
496:
In April 2024, the union jumped into a public fight at
995:
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen: BLET
841:
739:
1474:. International Brotherhood of Teamsters. 6 July 2012
1226:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
859:
1447:
Encyclopedia of U.S. Labor and Working-class History
880:
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703:
598:
142:. It was the first permanent trade organization for
1207:
1162:
958:
787:
775:
671:
146:workers in the US. A year later it was renamed the
1304:Lewis, John L.; Stone, Warren S. (18 March 1925).
1254:. Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen
1130:"Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen"
927:
1352:
823:
799:
1776:Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen
1767:
1579:vol. 36, no. 2 (Winter 2002), pp. 319–338.
1572:Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983.
1544:vol. 99, no. 5 (Dec. 1994), pp. 1601–1633.
280:
124:Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen
33:Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen
1654:
1393:Robertson, Thomas J.; Lewis, Ronald L. (1993).
1228:"Gompers or Stone to Control Labor Federation?"
21:Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen
1392:
835:
1640:
1554:vol. 10, no. 1 (Oct. 1956), pp. 48–69.
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1285:Hoffa, James P.; Hall, Ken (8 May 2013).
1284:
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733:
709:
617:Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers Hall
512:
284:
238:
182:
1443:
1193:The Truman Years, Presidential Profiles
1053:
1021:
909:
907:
748:
580:, known for his railway-inspired poetry
439:
1786:International Brotherhood of Teamsters
1768:
1552:Industrial and Labor Relations Review,
1485:
1371:Pennsylvania General Assembly (1878).
1291:International Brotherhood of Teamsters
1271:Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen News
1189:
1166:History of Labour in the United States
1050:Westport, CT; Greenwood Press pp.205-6
946:
898:
886:
156:International Brotherhood of Teamsters
99:International Brotherhood of Teamsters
1628:
187:Cover of the 1867 debut issue of the
1405:. West Virginia Archives and History
1359:. Yale University Press. p. 143
918:Office of Labor-Management Standards
904:
682:Office of Labor-Management Standards
381:
347:
1781:Railway unions in the United States
1611:Website Creation for BLET Divisions
302:Before dying, Youngson recommended
148:Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers
13:
1565:University Press of Florida, 2010.
1533:
1492:. Arcadia Publishing. p. 21.
722:Pennsylvania General Assembly 1878
698:History of the Brotherhood... 2007
571:
14:
1817:
1588:
1084:Notable Names in American History
788:Commons, Sumner & Saposs 1918
776:Commons, Sumner & Saposs 1918
643:Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen
245:Philadelphia and Reading Railroad
229:Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen
1806:Trade unions established in 1863
1801:Organizations based in Cleveland
875:Warren Stanford Stone: Telegraph
601:
590:that wrecked his train in 1900.
458:Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen
446:Standard Trust Bank of Cleveland
386:
352:
233:Brotherhood of Railroad Brakemen
191:, official organ of the B of LE.
1791:1863 establishments in Michigan
1306:"An Inter-Union Labor Struggle"
1100:
1040:
1015:
1000:
824:Orth, Lomer & Jefferys 1919
800:Orth, Lomer & Jefferys 1919
623:List of American railway unions
476:
1196:. New York: Facts On File, Inc
378:Finances (US records; ×$ 1000)
313:United Mine Workers of America
1:
1022:Goswami, Rohan (2024-04-26).
812:Chief Youngson Dead: NYT 1903
660:
633:Great Railroad Strike of 1877
525:
295:from 10 March 1924 featuring
281:Stone and Prenter (1903–1925)
178:
318:Stone supported the radical
140:Brotherhood of the Footboard
7:
1796:Road transport trade unions
1656:Strategic Organizing Center
1542:American Historical Review,
1273:. Teamsters. June–July 2007
628:United Transportation Union
594:
225:Order of Railway Conductors
10:
1822:
1577:Journal of Social History,
1009:Crain's Cleveland Business
836:Robertson & Lewis 1993
517:1871 life insurance policy
173:
18:
1685:
1662:
1518:Bluefield Daily Telegraph
1486:Turner, Gregg M. (2000).
1420:The Great Strikes of 1877
860:Gompers or Stone...? 1920
104:
94:
84:
62:
47:
38:
31:
16:United States trade union
1604:Teamster Rail Conference
1332:. Simon & Schuster.
920:. File number 000-101. (
688:submitted 28 March 2014.
586:, folk hero and alleged
546:1924: William B. Prenter
498:Norfolk Southern Railway
431:
425:
419:
413:
19:Not to be confused with
1514:"Warren Stanford Stone"
1048:Fraternal Organizations
959:Faces of the Month 1934
684:. File number 000-101.
609:Organized labour portal
549:1925: Alvanley Johnston
344:Membership (US records)
330:Stone was succeeded by
138:, on 8 May 1863 as the
1377:. L.S. Hart. pp.
914:US Department of Labor
848:Lewis & Stone 1925
678:US Department of Labor
638:American Railway Union
518:
299:
271:American Railway Union
192:
1399:West Virginia History
1149:"Chief Youngson Dead"
734:Hoffa & Hall 2013
558:1960: Roy E. Davidson
543:1903: Warren S. Stone
516:
505:unionized employees.
304:Warren Stanford Stone
297:Warren Stanford Stone
288:
254:Pennsylvania Railroad
239:Expansion (1864–1903)
186:
1209:"Faces of the Month"
1114:on November 5, 2013.
564:1969: C. J. Coughlin
561:1964: Perry S. Heath
540:1903: A. B. Youngson
534:1864: Charles Wilson
531:1863: W. D. Robinson
485:, headquarters (the
454:Alexander F. Whitney
440:Johnston (1925–1950)
51:8 May 1863
1561:Jon R. Huibregtse,
1489:Venice in the 1920s
552:1950: J. P. Shields
433: Disbursements
311:, president of the
201:William D. Robinson
28:
1423:. pp. 65–67.
1236:The New York Times
1156:The New York Times
1046:Schmidt, Alvin J.
901:, p. 117-118.
724:, p. 509,902.
555:1953: Guy L. Brown
537:1874: P. M. Arthur
519:
491:Independence, Ohio
332:William B. Prenter
300:
219:General President
205:American Civil War
193:
136:Marshall, Michigan
26:
1763:
1762:
1499:978-0-7385-0567-1
1430:978-0-252-03241-7
1339:978-0-7432-6029-9
1324:McCullough, David
1239:. 25 January 1920
1176:978-1-893122-75-8
1011:. March 20, 2015.
838:, pp. 73–90.
487:Standard Building
421: Liabilities
408:
407:
374:
373:
336:Alvanley Johnston
164:Alvanley Johnston
120:
119:
1813:
1676:Joseph T. Hansen
1649:
1642:
1635:
1626:
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1600:
1599:
1597:Official website
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1110:. Archived from
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766:, p. 65-67.
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325:Bright's disease
267:Knights of Labor
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1534:Further reading
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1169:. Beard Books.
1158:. 31 July 1903.
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764:Stromquist 2008
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648:Samuel Cochrane
607:
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578:Patrick Fennell
574:
572:Notable members
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483:Cleveland, Ohio
479:
462:War Labor Board
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231:(1873) and the
189:Monthly Journal
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168:Harry S. Truman
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1748:Workers United
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1678:(2010–present)
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1589:External links
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1568:Walter Licht,
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1520:. 13 June 1925
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1326:(2003-08-20).
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1215:: 200. 1934
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899:Turner 2000
887:Turner 2000
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397:Phabricator
363:Phabricator
259:P.M. Arthur
134:founded in
132:labor union
1770:Categories
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661:References
526:Presidents
179:Foundation
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1252:"History"
666:Citations
502:Alan Shaw
217:Teamsters
197:Baltimore
86:Members
1581:In JSTOR
1556:In JSTOR
1546:In JSTOR
595:See also
269:and the
144:railroad
63:Location
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399:and on
365:and on
209:Detroit
174:History
158:(IBT).
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1743:NCFO
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588:scab
291:Time
128:BLET
122:The
114:.org
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