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317:. The evangelical movement was encouraged to build fountains in churchyards to encourage the poor to see churches as supporting them. Many fountains have inscriptions such as "Jesus said whosoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again but whosoever drinketh of the water I shall give him shall never thirst". By 1877, the association was widely accepted and
191:
Drinking fountains are an important source of clean water in urban infrastructure. Many jurisdictions require drinking fountains to be wheelchair accessible (by sticking out horizontally from the wall), and to include an additional unit of a lower height for children and short adults. The design that
468:
poisoning, many governments have placed strict regulations on drinking fountain designs. The vertical spout design is now illegal in most US jurisdictions. Some governments even require water spouts to be as long as four inches to meet health standards. It is also recommended for young children to
410:
The original 'Bubbler' shot water one inch straight into the air, and the excess water ran back down over the sides of the nozzle. During World War I, company founder Halsey W. Taylor invented the "Double
Bubbler" drinking fountain. This fountain dispensed two streams of water in an arc. Several
269:
is another type of old drinking fountain found in Nepal. This is a stone container that can be filled with water and has a tap that can be opened and closed. The oldest of these is dated 530 AD. Very few jahrus are in use today, but the remnants can be found in many places.
430:
403:, founded in 1866, expressed concern about the difficulty of finding fresh water for work horses in urban areas. Combined drinking fountains with a bubbler for people, a water trough for horses and sometimes a lower basin for dogs, became popular. In particular, over 120
308:
The fountain became immediately popular, and was used by 7,000 people a day. In the next six years 85 fountains were built, with much of the funding coming directly from the association. The provision of drinking fountains in the United
Kingdom soon became linked to the
345:
After many of the aqueducts were destroyed after the siege of Paris in the 1870s, the
Parisian poor had no access to fresh water. Richard Wallace, an Englishman, used the money from an inheritance to fund the construction of 50 drinking fountains (ever after known as
208:
Before potable water was provided in private homes, water for drinking was made available to citizens of cities through access to public fountains. Many of these early public drinking fountains can still be seen (and used) in cities such as Rome, with its many
396:(NWCTU)'s organizing convention of 1874 encouraged its attendees to erect the fountains in their hometowns, as a means to discourage people from drinking in saloons. They sponsored temperance fountains in towns and cities across the United States.
259:. They consist of carved stone spouts through which water flows uninterrupted from underground sources. They are found extensively in Nepal and some of them are still operational. Many people of Nepal rely on them for their daily water supply. The
1248:
411:
years later the
Bubbler adopted this more sanitary arc projection, which also allowed the user to drink more easily from it. At the start of the 20th century, it was discovered that the original vertical design was related to the spread of
1239:
917:
Disaster Risk
Management for the Historic City of Patan, Nepal by Rits-DMUCH, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan and Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University,Kathmandu, Nepal, 2012
188:
to remove impurities from the water and chillers to lower its temperature. Drinking fountains are usually found in public places, like schools, rest areas, libraries, and grocery stores.
298:
238:
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572:(Armenian name for drinking fountain) in their yards or neighborhoods for various reasons, which include honoring dead relatives/friends or giving back to the community.
418:
In the United States, segregation of public facilities including but not limited to water fountains due to race, color, religion, or national origin was abolished by the
600:
400:
372:
660:
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above the sewage outlets. In this context, the public drinking fountain movement began. It built the first public baths and public drinking fountains.
636:
460:. In one study, a virus commonly known to cause diarrhea in young children, known as the rotavirus, has been found on drinking fountains in child
350:’). Designed by Charles-Auguste Lebourg with four caryatids atop a green cylindrical base, these fountains have become iconic symbols of Paris.
624:
648:
422:. Prior to this, racially segregated water fountains with those for black people in worse condition than those for white people were common.
325:. Many fountains, within London and outside, were called temperance fountains or would have a representation of the Greek mythical figure
1418:
310:
672:
1131:
989:
532:". Currently, there are 52 of these iconic four-bowl drinking fountains still providing free-flowing water in downtown Portland.
359:
184:
bends down to the stream of water and swallows water directly from the stream. Modern indoor drinking fountains may incorporate
116:
88:
393:
2458:
806:"Fountains for Environmental Justice: Public Water, Homelessness, and Migration in the Face of Global Environmental Change"
481:, thereby changing attitudes to publicly provided water in drinking fountains, which began to disappear from city streets.
703:
95:
568:
Most drinking fountains are freely available, however there are exceptions. Many private individuals in
Armenia install
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1024:
404:
69:
1778:
1407:
973:
949:
902:
287:
135:
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313:; the same association in London drew support from temperance advocates. Many of its fountains were sited opposite
102:
944:
by Akira
Furukawa (ed.), Sukra Sagar Shrestha, Amrit Bajracharya and Kanako Ogasawara, Vajra Books, Nepal, 2010,
926:
556:
Frost-resistant drinking fountains are used outdoors in cold climates and keep the control mechanisms below the
1292:
73:
1153:
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was generally inadequate for the rapidly growing population and was often contaminated, a new law created the
84:
1103:
1071:
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302:
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Muddied and bad tasting drinking water encouraged many
Americans to drink alcohol for health purposes, so
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364:
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is considered a pious act. This applies to kings and other dignitaries as well as to ordinary citizens.
204:
In 2008, people are still using this drinking fountain built in 570 AD called Manga Hiti in Patan, Nepal
2014:
1859:
1844:
860:
2626:
2119:
505:
is commonly used in southern and eastern
Wisconsin and in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The phrase
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38:
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1700:
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62:
17:
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was established. The first fountain was built on
Holborn Hill on the railings of the church of
109:
1318:
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In recent studies, it has been found that some drinking fountains have been contaminated with
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2513:
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An African-American man drinking at a "colored" drinking fountain in a streetcar terminal in
469:
allow drinking fountains to run before drinking, as the water may also be contaminated with
2259:
1828:
1736:
1638:
249:
In Nepal there were public drinking fountains at least as early as 550 AD. They are called
8:
2590:
2448:
2089:
1685:
1212:
1049:
1042:"Negro drinking at "Colored" water cooler in streetcar terminal, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma"
718:
412:
389:
385:
326:
929:, Posted by Administrator of NGOforum.net, 28 September 2010. Retrieved 6 September 2019
2544:
2443:
2365:
2202:
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2064:
2044:
1939:
1914:
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1608:
1478:
846:
Drinking fountains : the past and future of free public water in the United States
805:
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993:
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1944:
1924:
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969:
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898:
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465:
1400:
UN-HABITAT, 2007. Water Movement in Patan with reference to Traditional Stone Spouts
779:
448:
A drinking fountain with a guard to prevent contact between spigot and user's mouth.
233:
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1934:
1854:
1813:
1773:
1533:
1498:
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817:
521:
347:
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by Mary Shepherd Slusser, Princeton University Press, 1982, retrieved 1 March 2020
477:. In the 1970s, this fear of contamination in tap water was hyped by producers of
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2289:
2279:
1979:
1929:
1919:
1899:
1879:
1803:
1695:
1618:
1593:
1107:
728:
283:
861:"Ensuring the Future Accessibility of Drinking Fountains in Oklahoma and Beyond"
341:
People drinking from a Wallace fountain during Bastille Day celebrations in 1911
337:
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1954:
1949:
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2403:
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2009:
1909:
1818:
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1019:. Paris: Delegation a l’action artistique de la ville de Paris. p. 205.
844:
829:
764:
478:
377:
368:
Combined drinking fountain for people, horses and dogs, Toronto, Canada, 1899
1271:
407:
were donated to communities across the United States between 1903 and 1913.
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facilities. Due to cases in the past where children have fallen ill due to
444:
314:
251:
1399:
821:
501:. A survey of US dialects undertaken between 2002 and 2004 found the word
2408:
2385:
2360:
2345:
2237:
2114:
2099:
2084:
2029:
1999:
1994:
1984:
1969:
1964:
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748:
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2222:
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2149:
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1989:
1864:
1628:
1588:
1240:"We don't trust water fountains anymore, and that's bad for our health"
549:
2499:
International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO)
1272:"LINGUIST List Sum: Use of bubbler as a synonym for drinking fountain"
305:
on Snow Hill, paid for by Samuel Gurney, and opened on 21 April 1859.
30:"Water fountain" redirects here. For the decorative architecture, see
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1598:
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1100:
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installed 20 fountains, which are now known in the Portland area as "
498:
453:
261:
176:. It consists of a basin with either continuously running water or a
1296:
666:
Drinking fountain at the western entrance of Sarphatipark, Amsterdam
51:
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1553:
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throughout the United States following the Civil War. The National
290:, made water filtration compulsory, and moved water intakes on the
181:
169:
31:
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was common in the rest of the inland north and in the west, while
2478:
2375:
2284:
2172:
2074:
1904:
1808:
1788:
1664:
679:
1388:
Nepal Mandala: A Cultural Study of the Kathmandu Valley, Text. 1
586:
Further information on the American water fountain company:
2565:
2274:
2242:
1748:
1721:
1578:
1568:
1078:. Woman's Christian Temperance Union. 1996–2009. Archived from
708:
291:
279:
226:
780:"Microcontrolled Water Fountain: a Multidisciplinary Project*"
2177:
2139:
1783:
1753:
473:. This is especially common in older buildings with obsolete
322:
192:
this replaced often had one spout atop a refrigeration unit.
1419:
Construction of Traditional Water Supply System in Bhaktapur
630:
Draghi Verdi (Green Dragons) in Milan, there are 480 of them
524:, region where in the early 1900s former Wisconsin resident
2254:
2059:
1648:
1538:
1431:
1124:"Is it Safe to Drink from Public Drinking Water Fountains?"
1154:"Title II Of The Civil Rights Act (Public Accommodations)"
148:
440:
in Armenia. An example of the so called 'vertical' design
401:
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
1172:"Drinking fountains quench a thirst for sustainability"
849:(Thesis thesis). Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
1421:
by Sudarshan Raj Tiwari, 2014, retrieved 10 March 2020
606:
Drinking fountains in Berlin (in German Trinkbrunnen)
563:
535:
1017:
Paris et ses fontaines de la Renaissance a nos jours
618:
Drinking fountain, Avenham Park, Preston, Lancashire
544:
An outdoor fountain at the Barbara Chapel above the
1191:"Where Have All the (Public Water) Fountains Gone?"
76:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1238:
575:In Nepal, the construction of water conduits like
2603:
560:resulting in a delay for when water comes out.
299:Metropolitan Free Drinking Fountain Association
239:Metropolitan Free Drinking Fountain Association
1014:
787:International Journal of Engineering Education
224:The typical drinking fountain in Rome, called
37:"Bubbler" redirects here. For other uses, see
1447:
1412:
1393:
963:
1381:
1236:
1101:WCTU Drinking Fountains – Then and Now
654:Gilded drinking fountain in Bhaktapur, Nepal
1269:
1118:
1116:
937:
935:
911:
27:Fountain designed to provide drinking water
1454:
1440:
1110:, from Woman's Christian Temperance Union.
992:. The website of Bob Speel. Archived from
865:Journal of Science Policy & Governance
753:Journal (American Water Works Association)
237:First fountain installed in London by the
959:
957:
897:. London: Thames and Hudson. p. 31.
136:Learn how and when to remove this message
1113:
1072:"WCTU Drinking Fountains - Then and Now"
932:
777:
539:
443:
429:
371:
363:
336:
232:
219:
199:
147:
2509:Plumbing & Drainage Institute (PDI)
1213:"Fact Sheet: Drinking Water in Schools"
1188:
1046:Prints & Photographs Online Catalog
360:Drinking fountains in the United States
14:
2604:
1361:
954:
892:
842:
746:
513:dominated other parts of the country.
1435:
1270:Christensen, Sean (2 December 1994).
2459:Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing
1237:Pierre-Louis, Kendra (8 July 2015).
803:
642:Font del Noi dels Càntirs, Barcelona
282:, when water provision from private
74:adding citations to reliable sources
45:
1039:
804:Hale, Marcia Rosalie (April 2019).
704:Human right to water and sanitation
24:
1076:Woman's Christian Temperance Union
564:Drinking fountains as public goods
536:Frost-resistant drinking fountains
405:National Humane Alliance fountains
394:Woman's Christian Temperance Union
25:
2638:
1779:Push-to-pull compression fittings
1427:
1251:from the original on 14 July 2015
288:Metropolitan Commission of Sewers
273:
1362:Ivanov, Jossie (11 March 2014).
1189:Bernard, Bruce (15 March 2013).
749:"The Sanitary Drinking Fountain"
671:
659:
647:
635:
623:
611:
599:
353:
321:donated money for a fountain in
50:
1355:
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1205:
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1146:
1094:
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1008:
982:
895:Fountains: splash and spectacle
61:needs additional citations for
966:Troughs and Drinking Fountains
920:
886:
853:
836:
797:
771:
740:
484:
425:
13:
1:
893:Symmes, Marilyn, ed. (1998).
734:
2519:World Plumbing Council (WPC)
2070:Reduced pressure zone device
1461:
497:of the United States and in
303:St Sepulchre-without-Newgate
7:
2514:Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC)
2233:Instant hot water dispenser
2035:Piping and plumbing fitting
1327:. Retrieved 11 August 2013.
687:
152:A typical drinking fountain
10:
2643:
1860:Backflow prevention device
1845:Atmospheric vacuum breaker
1193:. Water quality and health
1040:Lee, Russell (July 1939).
592:
585:
357:
195:
36:
29:
2553:
2527:
2487:
2432:
2394:
2313:
2158:
2120:Thermostatic mixing valve
1837:
1657:
1469:
843:Ivanov, Josselyn (2015).
520:is sometimes used in the
493:is used in some regional
390:public drinking fountains
332:
1850:Automatic bleeding valve
1489:Compatibility (chemical)
546:Bielerhöhe mountain pass
420:Civil Rights Act of 1964
244:
39:Bubbler (disambiguation)
2055:Pressure-balanced valve
2050:Pressure vacuum breaker
1759:Pipe (fluid conveyance)
1701:Drain-waste-vent system
1681:Chemical drain cleaners
1364:"Frost-Proof Fountains"
1324:The Oregon Encyclopedia
1015:Daniel Rabreau (1995).
927:Traditional stonespouts
778:Shakerin, Said (2004).
2576:Template:Public health
2248:water recycling shower
2218:Hot water storage tank
1549:Onsite sewage facility
1295:. 2004. Archived from
964:Philip Davies (1989).
747:Dunlap, J. H. (1917).
553:
449:
441:
381:
369:
342:
241:
230:
205:
153:
2561:Fire sprinkler system
2270:Tankless water heater
2213:Garbage disposal unit
2198:Electric water boiler
1670:British Standard Pipe
1342:Portland Water Bureau
990:"Victorian fountains"
822:10.1089/env.2018.0031
810:Environmental Justice
543:
447:
433:
375:
367:
340:
236:
223:
203:
151:
2260:Storage water heater
1829:Water heat recycling
1737:National Pipe Thread
1639:Water supply network
434:Man drinking from a
278:In mid-19th century
172:designed to provide
70:improve this article
2591:Template:Wastewater
2449:Hydrostatic testing
2090:Rooftop water tower
1686:Compression fitting
1245:The Washington Post
1050:Library of Congress
873:10.38126/jspg230102
719:Temperance fountain
413:contagious diseases
311:temperance movement
85:"Drinking fountain"
2622:Drinking fountains
2545:Waterborne disease
2444:Hydronic balancing
2203:Evaporative cooler
2168:Accessible bathtub
2065:Radiator (heating)
2045:Pressure regulator
1940:Double check valve
1915:Concentric reducer
1716:Garden Hose Thread
1609:Thermal insulation
1479:Air gap (plumbing)
1368:Drinking Fountains
1106:2011-10-14 at the
1082:on 14 October 2011
996:on 8 February 2007
678:Drinking fountain
554:
450:
442:
382:
370:
343:
242:
231:
206:
154:
2599:
2598:
2581:Template:Sewerage
2528:Health and safety
2504:NSF International
2314:Specialized tools
2193:Drinking fountain
2160:Plumbing fixtures
2040:Plug (sanitation)
2025:Nipple (plumbing)
1945:Eccentric reducer
1925:Coupling (piping)
1890:Chemigation valve
1743:Nominal Pipe Size
1706:Ductile iron pipe
1604:Thermal expansion
1338:"Benson Bubblers"
1319:"Benson Bubblers"
1134:on 9 January 2014
507:drinking fountain
466:coliform bacteria
386:temperance groups
348:Wallace fountains
158:drinking fountain
146:
145:
138:
120:
16:(Redirected from
2634:
2627:Street furniture
2586:Template:Toilets
2351:Flare-nut wrench
2110:Submersible pump
1935:Dielectric union
1855:Automatic faucet
1814:Thread seal tape
1774:Plastic pipework
1534:Hydrostatic loop
1499:Drain (plumbing)
1456:
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1160:. 6 August 2015.
1150:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1130:. Archived from
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1111:
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603:
579:, dug wells and
522:Portland, Oregon
160:, also called a
141:
134:
130:
127:
121:
119:
78:
54:
46:
21:
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2600:
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2549:
2523:
2491:
2489:
2483:
2436:
2434:
2428:
2414:Pressure sensor
2396:
2390:
2366:Plumber's snake
2309:
2290:Water dispenser
2280:Washing machine
2154:
1980:Flushing trough
1930:Diaphragm valve
1920:Condensate pump
1900:Circulator pump
1880:Butterfly valve
1833:
1804:Solvent welding
1696:Crimp (joining)
1653:
1619:Trap (plumbing)
1594:Surface tension
1471:
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1413:
1398:
1394:
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1346:
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1336:
1335:
1331:
1316:
1312:
1302:
1300:
1299:on 22 July 2011
1291:
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1252:
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1231:
1221:
1219:
1217:The Green Squad
1211:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1187:
1183:
1178:. 15 June 2018.
1176:Financial Times
1170:
1169:
1165:
1158:www.justice.gov
1152:
1151:
1147:
1137:
1135:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1108:Wayback Machine
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729:Water dispenser
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566:
538:
530:Benson Bubblers
487:
428:
362:
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284:water companies
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28:
23:
22:
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2612:Drinking water
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2490:organizations
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2454:Leak detection
2451:
2446:
2440:
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2427:
2426:
2424:Water metering
2421:
2419:Water detector
2416:
2411:
2406:
2400:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2389:
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2383:
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2371:Plumber wrench
2368:
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2305:Water softener
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2164:
2162:
2156:
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2147:
2142:
2137:
2135:Vacuum ejector
2132:
2130:Vacuum breaker
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
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2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1955:Faucet aerator
1952:
1950:Expansion tank
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
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1806:
1801:
1796:
1794:Sewage pumping
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1732:Leak detection
1729:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1676:Cast iron pipe
1673:
1667:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1624:Venturi effect
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1559:Sanitary sewer
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1504:Drinking water
1501:
1496:
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1486:
1481:
1475:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1459:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1436:
1429:
1428:External links
1426:
1424:
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1310:
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1262:
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1204:
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1026:2-905-118-80-6
1025:
1007:
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770:
738:
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694:Benson Bubbler
689:
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511:water fountain
486:
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427:
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358:Main article:
355:
352:
334:
331:
319:Queen Victoria
275:
274:United Kingdom
272:
246:
243:
197:
194:
174:drinking water
162:water fountain
144:
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58:
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49:
26:
9:
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2571:Template:HVAC
2569:
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2559:
2558:
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2552:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2535:Plumbing code
2533:
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2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
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2492:and standards
2486:
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2404:Control valve
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2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2010:Hose coupling
2008:
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1910:Closet flange
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1819:Threaded pipe
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1711:Flare fitting
1709:
1707:
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1699:
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1691:Copper tubing
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1519:Grade (slope)
1517:
1515:
1514:Friction loss
1512:
1510:
1507:
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1408:9789937203913
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1293:"Bubbler map"
1288:
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1022:
1018:
1011:
995:
991:
985:
977:
975:0-7011-3369-4
971:
967:
960:
958:
951:
950:9789937506533
947:
943:
938:
936:
928:
923:
914:
906:
904:0-500-23758-1
900:
896:
889:
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856:
848:
847:
839:
831:
827:
823:
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800:
793:(4): 654–659.
792:
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743:
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584:
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577:dhunge dharas
573:
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547:
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531:
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479:bottled water
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379:
378:Oklahoma City
374:
366:
361:
354:United States
351:
349:
339:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
315:public houses
312:
306:
304:
300:
295:
293:
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271:
268:
264:
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258:
254:
253:
252:dhunge dharas
240:
235:
229:
228:
222:
218:
217:(big noses).
216:
212:
202:
193:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
166:water bubbler
163:
159:
150:
140:
137:
129:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87: –
86:
82:
81:Find sources:
75:
71:
65:
64:
59:This article
57:
53:
48:
47:
44:
40:
33:
19:
2464:Pipe marking
2437:and services
2433:Professions,
2381:Strap wrench
2321:Basin wrench
2300:Water heater
2295:Water filter
2208:Flush toilet
2192:
2183:Dehumidifier
2125:Trench drain
2105:Street elbow
2095:Safety valve
2080:Relief valve
2020:Needle valve
2005:Grinder pump
1975:Flow limiter
1960:Float switch
1895:Chopper pump
1875:Booster pump
1824:Tube bending
1769:Pipe support
1634:Water hammer
1614:Thermosiphon
1544:Neutral axis
1414:
1395:
1383:
1371:. Retrieved
1367:
1357:
1345:. Retrieved
1341:
1332:
1322:
1317:Zeb Larson.
1313:
1301:. Retrieved
1297:the original
1287:
1275:. Retrieved
1265:
1253:. Retrieved
1244:
1232:
1220:. Retrieved
1216:
1207:
1195:. Retrieved
1184:
1175:
1166:
1157:
1148:
1136:. Retrieved
1132:the original
1127:
1096:
1084:. Retrieved
1080:the original
1075:
1066:
1054:. Retrieved
1045:
1035:
1016:
1010:
998:. Retrieved
994:the original
984:
965:
922:
913:
894:
888:
876:. Retrieved
864:
855:
845:
838:
816:(2): 33–40.
813:
809:
799:
790:
786:
773:
759:(1): 65–69.
756:
752:
742:
699:Dhunge dhara
574:
567:
555:
526:Simon Benson
517:
515:
510:
506:
502:
490:
488:
451:
435:
417:
409:
398:
388:constructed
383:
344:
307:
297:In 1859 the
296:
277:
266:
260:
256:
250:
248:
225:
214:
210:
207:
190:
165:
161:
157:
155:
132:
123:
113:
106:
99:
92:
80:
68:Please help
63:verification
60:
43:
2409:Flow sensor
2397:and control
2395:Measurement
2386:Tap and die
2361:Pipe wrench
2346:Driving cap
2238:Laundry tub
2115:Tap (valve)
2100:Sewage pump
2085:Riser clamp
2030:Pinch valve
2000:Grease trap
1995:Globe valve
1985:Flushometer
1970:Floor drain
1965:Float valve
1885:Check valve
1870:Bleed screw
1644:Water table
1584:Storm sewer
1470:Fundamental
485:Terminology
426:Cleanliness
2606:Categories
2469:Pipefitter
2356:Pipecutter
2336:Core drill
2223:Humidifier
2188:Dishwasher
2150:Zone valve
2145:Water tank
1990:Gate valve
1865:Ball valve
1838:Components
1658:Technology
1629:Wastewater
1589:Stormwater
735:References
581:tutedharas
552:, Austria.
550:Vorarlberg
327:Temperance
211:fontanelle
96:newspapers
2488:Industry
2474:Pipelayer
2331:Borescope
2326:Blowtorch
2265:Sump pump
1799:Soldering
1764:Pipe dope
1727:Hydronics
1599:Tap water
1564:Sewer gas
1529:Heat trap
1524:Greywater
1494:Corrosion
1347:2 October
1255:2 October
942:Jarunhiti
878:9 January
830:1939-4071
765:0003-150X
724:Tutedhara
588:GlobalTap
570:pulpulaks
558:frostline
516:The term
499:Australia
489:The term
454:pathogens
262:tutedhara
126:June 2013
2617:Plumbing
2554:See also
2540:Scalding
2228:Icemaker
2015:Manifold
1574:Sewerage
1554:Pressure
1509:Fuel gas
1484:Backflow
1472:concepts
1463:Plumbing
1249:Archived
1197:26 April
1128:aquasana
1104:Archived
1056:23 March
1000:26 April
714:Pulpulak
688:See also
495:dialects
475:plumbing
462:day care
458:bacteria
456:such as
437:pulpulak
170:fountain
32:Fountain
2479:Plumber
2435:trades,
2376:Plunger
2285:Washlet
2173:Bathtub
2075:Reducer
1905:Cistern
1809:Swaging
1789:Sealant
1665:Brazing
1303:13 June
1277:13 June
1222:27 June
1138:27 June
680:Hamburg
593:Gallery
518:bubbler
503:bubbler
491:bubbler
380:, 1939.
196:History
186:filters
182:drinker
168:, is a
110:scholar
18:Bubbler
2566:Piping
2275:Urinal
2243:Shower
1749:O-ring
1722:Gasket
1579:Siphon
1569:Sewage
1406:
1373:3 June
1086:9 June
1023:
972:
948:
901:
828:
763:
709:Nasone
333:France
292:Thames
280:London
227:nasone
215:nasoni
180:. The
112:
105:
98:
91:
83:
2178:Bidet
2140:Valve
1784:Putty
1754:Oakum
1745:(NPS)
1739:(NPT)
1718:(GHT)
1672:(BSP)
783:(PDF)
323:Esher
267:jahru
257:hitis
245:Nepal
117:JSTOR
103:books
2255:Sink
2060:Pump
1649:Well
1539:Leak
1404:ISBN
1375:2016
1349:2018
1305:2013
1279:2013
1257:2018
1224:2013
1199:2014
1140:2013
1088:2012
1058:2005
1052:Home
1021:ISBN
1002:2014
970:ISBN
946:ISBN
899:ISBN
880:2024
826:ISSN
761:ISSN
682:2023
471:lead
399:The
213:and
89:news
869:doi
818:doi
265:or
255:or
178:tap
164:or
72:by
2608::
1402:,
1366:.
1340:.
1321:.
1247:.
1243:.
1215:.
1174:.
1156:.
1126:.
1115:^
1074:.
1048:.
1044:.
968:.
956:^
934:^
867:.
863:.
824:.
814:12
812:.
808:.
791:20
789:.
785:.
755:.
751:.
548:,
415:.
329:.
156:A
1455:e
1448:t
1441:v
1377:.
1351:.
1307:.
1281:.
1259:.
1226:.
1201:.
1142:.
1090:.
1060:.
1029:.
1004:.
978:.
907:.
882:.
871::
832:.
820::
767:.
757:4
346:‘
139:)
133:(
128:)
124:(
114:·
107:·
100:·
93:·
66:.
41:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
