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Calophyllum

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trees that can reach 30 meters in height. They tend to grow rapidly. The outer sapwood is yellowish, yellow-brown, or orange, sometimes with a pink tinge, and the inner heartwood is light reddish to red-brown. The wood has a streaked, ribboned, or zig-zag grain. The wood has been used to build boats,
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The gardeners dictionary : containing the methods of cultivating and improving all sorts of trees, plants, and flowers, for the kitchen, fruit, and pleasure gardens, as also those which are used in medicine : with directions for the culture of vineyards, and making of wine in
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Flora cochinchinensis: sistens plantas in regno Cochinchina nascentes. Quibus accedunt aliæ observatæ in Sinensi imperio, Africa Orientali, Indiæque locis variis. Omnes dispositæ secundum systema sexuale Linnæanum.
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wood may be sold under the name bitangor, and the species may be used interchangeably; one shipment may contain boards from several different species.
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In: Elevitch, C. R. (ed.) Specialty Crops for Pacific Island Agroforestry. Permanent Agriculture Resources. Holualoa, Hawaii. 2011.
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D. Christiani Gottlieb Ludwig ... Definitiones generum plantarum : olim in usum auditorum collectas nunc auctas et emendata
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Cechinel Filho, V.; Meyre-Silva, C.; Niero, R. (2009). "Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Calophyllum".
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Wood Properties and Uses of Australian Timbers. Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. 2010.
3171: 329:) which grows readily in the sandy and rocky beaches of the island environments that the Austronesians colonized. 3127: 514:
is the resin of the tree. This species is also cultivated for its wood and planted in coastal landscaping as a
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Vol. v.1 (4 ed.). London: Printed for the author and sold by John and James Rivington.
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were in European shipbuilding and timber industries. The most notable species is the mastwood (
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of flowers that grows from the leaf axils or at the ends of branches. In the flower the
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Trees, Knots, and Outriggers: Environmental Knowledge in the Northeast Kula Ring
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Plants of the genus are also known for their chemistry, with a variety of
356:. The leaves are distinctive, with narrow parallel veins alternating with 3114: 2972: 449: 269: 2704:(Calophyllaceae) in South America: Multivariate Analysis of Calophyllum" 3093: 2680:
Agroforestree Database:a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0
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Farm and Forestry Production and Marketing Profile for Tamanu (
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may look similar and are arranged in whorls. There are many
2509:. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2022 477: 393: 341: 261: 1376:– mastwood, Alexandrian laurel, tamanu, beauty leaf 437: 320: 490:
is the source of tamanu oil, a greenish, nutty-scented
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Orwa, C.; Mutua, A.; Kindt, R.; Anthony, S. (2009).
2763:Commercial Timbers. DELTA. Version: 25 June 2009. 2756:Richter, H. G. and M. J. Dallwitz. 2000 onwards. 3287: 2660: 2477:Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia 2847:Bijdragen tot de Flora van Nederlandsch Indie 384:with thin layers of flesh over a large seed. 348:. They produce a colorless, white, or yellow 2869: 2607:Li, Xi-wen; Li, Jie; Stevens, Peter (n.d.). 2583: 2567: 319:. They were comparable in importance to how 296:are of particular importance to traditional 2606: 2088:– bitangoor boonot, Nicobar canoetree 2556: 2719: 494:of commercial value. It has been used as 2854: 2708:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 2627: 2613:(Linnaeus) Sp. Pl. 1: 513. 1753., 1841. 2543: 1745:B.R.Ramesh, Ayyappan & De Franceschi 2693: 2691: 2689: 2602: 2600: 2598: 2596: 401:flooring, and furniture, and made into 3288: 2887: 2771: 2769: 2494: 2492: 2939: 2938: 2840: 2633: 2527: 3182:ee4cec7b-f711-4480-ac23-46c7cad322f3 2697: 2686: 2646:. Berghahn Books. pp. 180–246. 2593: 1996:Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. ex P.F.Stevens 460:properties. Some plants are used in 2766: 2489: 13: 2640:: From Ecological to Social Facts" 307:and were carried with them in the 14: 3317: 2904: 260:. They are mainly distributed in 2922: 2910: 2454: 2437: 2421: 392:Many species are used for their 53: 3234:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:19322-1 2833: 2786: 2750: 2728: 1334:V.S.Dang, H.Toyama & Tagane 854:Vieill. ex Planch. & Triana 332: 1: 2775:Friday, J. B. and R. Ogoshi. 2698:Díaz, D. M. V. (March 2013). 2482: 1857:– poonspar, sirpoontree 2795:Chemistry & Biodiversity 2634:Damon, Frederick H. (2016). 1070:Calophyllum depressinervosum 1000:Calophyllum cordato-oblongum 689:Calophyllum aureobrunnescens 534:is featured on the national 525: 464:to treat conditions such as 169: 7: 2470: 2062:Calophyllum scriblitifolium 10: 3322: 2871:Ludwig, Christian Gottlieb 2507:Plants of the World Online 2414: 2294:Calophyllum vanoverberghii 2153:Calophyllum symingtonianum 2123:Calophyllum subhorizontale 1651:Calophyllum obliquinervium 1541:Calophyllum mesoamericanum 1120:Calophyllum dryobalanoides 549:Plants of the World Online 541: 279: 3306:National symbols of Nauru 2947: 2334:Calophyllum verticillatum 2264:Calophyllum trapezifolium 2157:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 2127:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 2066:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 2052:Calophyllum sclerophyllum 1986:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 1972:Calophyllum rotundifolium 1962:Calophyllum roseocostatum 1862:Calophyllum praetermissum 1631:Calophyllum novoguineense 1481:Calophyllum lonchophyllum 1310:Calophyllum heterophyllum 1274:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 1224:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 1214:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 1180:Calophyllum exiticostatum 1154:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 1074:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 1034:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 1014:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 789:Calophyllum brachyphyllum 763:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 719:Calophyllum austroindicum 703:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 693:M.R.Hend. & Wyatt-Sm. 183: 176: 167: 162: 50:Scientific classification 48: 39: 30: 23: 16:Genus of flowering plants 2584:Ludwig & Böhmer 1760 2568:Ludwig & Böhmer 1760 2384:Calophyllum wallichianum 1992:Calophyllum rufigemmatum 1882:Calophyllum pulcherrimum 1781:Calophyllum pentapetalum 1681:Calophyllum pachyphyllum 1645:D'Arcy & R.C.Keating 1601:Calophyllum multitudinis 1531:Calophyllum membranaceum 1521:Calophyllum macrophyllum 1445:A.C.Sm. & S.P.Darwin 1411:Calophyllum laticostatum 1280:Calophyllum grandiflorum 1230:Calophyllum garcinioides 1210:Calophyllum flavoramulum 940:Calophyllum clemensiorum 709:Calophyllum australianum 613:A.C.Sm. & S.P.Darwin 609:Calophyllum amblyphyllum 569:Calophyllum acutiputamen 2446:Calophyllum brasiliense 2430:Calophyllum caledonicum 2254:Calophyllum trachycaule 2244:Calophyllum tournanense 2173:Calophyllum tetrapterum 2103:Calophyllum streimannii 1982:Calophyllum rubiginosum 1811:Calophyllum piluliferum 1751:Calophyllum pauciflorum 1741:Calophyllum pascalianum 1731:Calophyllum parvifolium 1721:Calophyllum parviflorum 1691:Calophyllum paniculatum 1611:Calophyllum neoebudicum 1511:Calophyllum macrocarpum 1491:Calophyllum longifolium 1451:Calophyllum leucocarpum 1441:Calophyllum leptocladum 1270:Calophyllum gracillimum 1250:Calophyllum goniocarpum 1240:Calophyllum glaucescens 1190:Calophyllum ferrugineum 1170:Calophyllum euryphyllum 1100:Calophyllum dongnaiense 1050:Calophyllum cuneifolium 970:Calophyllum complanatum 910:Calophyllum cerasiferum 850:Calophyllum caledonicum 809:Calophyllum brasiliense 723:Kosterm. ex P.F.Stevens 679:Calophyllum aurantiacum 669:Calophyllum articulatum 649:Calophyllum archipelagi 599:Calophyllum alboramulum 506:, and is still used in 498:oil, topical medicine, 387: 264:, with some species in 2842:Blume, Carl Ludwig von 2807:10.1002/cbdv.200800082 2779:Calophyllum inophyllum 2671:Calophyllum inophyllum 2463:Calophyllum antillanum 2394:Calophyllum whitfordii 2324:Calophyllum vernicosum 2248:Gagnep. ex P.F.Stevens 2238:Gagnep. ex P.F.Stevens 2234:Calophyllum touranense 2223:Calophyllum tomentosum 2213:Calophyllum thwaitesii 2203:Calophyllum thuriferum 2183:Calophyllum teysmannii 2163:Calophyllum tacamahaca 2133:Calophyllum subsessile 2093:Calophyllum stipitatum 2042:Calophyllum savannarum 1912:Calophyllum recurvatum 1851:Calophyllum polyanthum 1845:Gagnep. ex P.F.Stevens 1671:Calophyllum oliganthum 1581:Calophyllum morobensis 1471:Calophyllum lingulatum 1421:Calophyllum laxiflorum 1401:Calophyllum lankaensis 1370:Calophyllum inophyllum 1300:Calophyllum havilandii 1260:Calophyllum gracilipes 1110:Calophyllum drouhardii 1060:Calophyllum dasypodium 1040:Calophyllum cucullatum 1030:Calophyllum costulatum 930:Calophyllum chapelieri 924:Gagnep. ex P.F.Stevens 799:Calophyllum bracteatum 769:Calophyllum bifurcatum 619:Calophyllum andersonii 326:Calophyllum inophyllum 309:Austronesian expansion 42:Calophyllum inophyllum 3203:Paleobiology Database 2682:. World Agroforestry. 2304:Calophyllum venulosum 2274:Calophyllum undulatum 2143:Calophyllum sundaicum 2113:Calophyllum suberosum 2082:Calophyllum soulattri 2002:Calophyllum rufinerve 1922:Calophyllum rigidulum 1892:Calophyllum pyriforme 1872:Calophyllum pubescens 1831:Calophyllum pisiferum 1821:Calophyllum pinetorum 1801:Calophyllum pervillei 1791:Calophyllum persimile 1771:Calophyllum pelewense 1591:Calophyllum mukunense 1391:Calophyllum lanigerum 1381:Calophyllum insularum 1360:Calophyllum incumbens 1350:Calophyllum humbertii 1330:Calophyllum honbaense 1320:Calophyllum hirasimum 1150:Calophyllum enervosum 1130:Calophyllum echinatum 1080:Calophyllum dioscurii 1010:Calophyllum coriaceum 980:Calophyllum confertum 960:Calophyllum comorense 920:Calophyllum ceriferum 900:Calophyllum celebicum 880:Calophyllum castaneum 864:Hook.f. ex T.Anderson 840:Calophyllum calcicola 739:Calophyllum banyengii 589:Calophyllum africanum 536:coat of arms of Nauru 414:secondary metabolites 284:Members of the genus 2919:at Wikimedia Commons 2875:Böhmer, Georg Rudolf 2388:Planch. & Triana 2364:Calophyllum waliense 2354:Calophyllum vitiense 2229:– pink touriga 2217:Planch. & Triana 2193:Calophyllum thorelii 2032:Calophyllum sakarium 2022:Calophyllum rupicola 1952:Calophyllum robustum 1942:Calophyllum rivulare 1906:Jum. & H.Perrier 1902:Calophyllum recedens 1841:Calophyllum poilanei 1835:Planch. & Triana 1761:Calophyllum peekelii 1701:Calophyllum papuanum 1685:Planch. & Triana 1661:Calophyllum obscurum 1641:Calophyllum nubicola 1535:Gardner & Champ. 1505:Planch. & Triana 1431:Calophyllum leleanii 1200:Calophyllum fibrosum 1160:Calophyllum eputamen 1020:Calophyllum costatum 990:Calophyllum confusum 950:Calophyllum collinum 890:Calophyllum caudatum 783:Planch. & Triana 759:Calophyllum biflorum 729:Calophyllum balansae 639:Calophyllum apetalum 629:Calophyllum angulare 579:Calophyllum aerarium 546:As of January 2024, 311:as they migrated to 3301:Malpighiales genera 2374:Calophyllum walkeri 2314:Calophyllum vergens 2012:Calophyllum rugosum 2006:Kaneh. & Hatus. 1932:Calophyllum rigidum 1711:Calophyllum parkeri 1635:Kaneh. & Hatus. 1621:Calophyllum nodosum 1461:Calophyllum lineare 1290:Calophyllum griseum 1220:Calophyllum fraseri 1140:Calophyllum elegans 894:Kaneh. & Hatus. 820:Calophyllum brassii 815:– Santa Maria 779:Calophyllum blancoi 749:Calophyllum bicolor 2743:2014-09-11 at the 2404:Calophyllum woodii 2344:Calophyllum vexans 1571:Calophyllum moonii 1551:Calophyllum milvum 1090:Calophyllum dispar 870:Calophyllum carrii 830:Calophyllum calaba 713:F.Muell. ex Vesque 699:Calophyllum aureum 659:Calophyllum ardens 593:Cheek & Q.Luke 559:Calophyllum acidus 416:isolated, such as 3283: 3282: 3190:Open Tree of Life 2941:Taxon identifiers 2915:Media related to 2856:Loureiro, João de 2721:10.1111/boj.12012 2284:Calophyllum utile 1561:Calophyllum molle 1501:Calophyllum lowei 1340:Calophyllum hosei 860:Calophyllum canum 380:. The fruit is a 235: 234: 158: 3313: 3276: 3275: 3263: 3262: 3250: 3249: 3237: 3236: 3224: 3223: 3211: 3210: 3198: 3197: 3185: 3184: 3175: 3174: 3162: 3161: 3149: 3148: 3136: 3135: 3123: 3122: 3110: 3109: 3097: 3096: 3084: 3083: 3071: 3070: 3058: 3057: 3045: 3044: 3032: 3031: 3019: 3018: 3006: 3005: 2993: 2992: 2983: 2982: 2981: 2968: 2967: 2966: 2936: 2935: 2927:Data related to 2926: 2914: 2899: 2884: 2866: 2851: 2827: 2826: 2790: 2784: 2773: 2764: 2754: 2748: 2732: 2726: 2725: 2723: 2695: 2684: 2683: 2677: 2664: 2658: 2657: 2631: 2625: 2624: 2623:. p. 1, 38. 2617:hong hou ke shu" 2604: 2591: 2581: 2575: 2565: 2559: 2551: 2541: 2535: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2496: 2458: 2441: 2425: 2409: 2399: 2389: 2379: 2369: 2359: 2349: 2339: 2329: 2319: 2309: 2299: 2289: 2279: 2269: 2259: 2249: 2239: 2228: 2218: 2208: 2198: 2188: 2178: 2168: 2158: 2148: 2138: 2128: 2118: 2108: 2098: 2087: 2077: 2067: 2057: 2047: 2037: 2027: 2017: 2007: 1997: 1987: 1977: 1967: 1957: 1947: 1937: 1927: 1917: 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The 337: 336: 324: 302:Austronesian 298:shipbuilding 285: 283: 238: 237: 236: 223: 214: 205: 196: 186: 168: 149: 148: 129:Malpighiales 112: 99: 86: 73: 40: 24: 18: 3296:Calophyllum 3115:iNaturalist 3068:Calophyllum 2979:Calophyllum 2973:Wikispecies 2949:Calophyllum 2929:Calophyllum 2917:Calophyllum 2759:Calophyllum 2736:Calophyllum 2702:Calophyllum 2638:Calophyllum 2611:Calophyllum 2502:Calophyllum 2408:P.F.Stevens 2368:P.F.Stevens 2348:P.F.Stevens 2338:P.F.Stevens 2328:P.F.Stevens 2318:P.F.Stevens 2278:P.F.Stevens 2147:P.F.Stevens 2117:P.F.Stevens 2107:P.F.Stevens 2097:P.F.Stevens 2036:P.F.Stevens 2016:P.F.Stevens 1966:P.F.Stevens 1956:P.F.Stevens 1926:P.F.Stevens 1916:P.F.Stevens 1896:P.F.Stevens 1866:P.F.Stevens 1815:P.F.Stevens 1795:P.F.Stevens 1775:P.F.Stevens 1695:P.F.Stevens 1665:P.F.Stevens 1605:P.F.Stevens 1595:P.F.Stevens 1585:P.F.Stevens 1555:P.F.Stevens 1475:P.F.Stevens 1435:P.F.Stevens 1415:P.F.Stevens 1385:P.F.Stevens 1364:P.F.Stevens 1354:P.F.Stevens 1324:P.F.Stevens 1314:P.F.Stevens 1304:P.F.Stevens 1294:P.F.Stevens 1254:P.F.Stevens 1234:P.F.Stevens 1204:P.F.Stevens 1184:P.F.Stevens 1164:P.F.Stevens 1134:P.F.Stevens 1094:P.F.Stevens 1084:P.F.Stevens 994:P.F.Stevens 984:P.F.Stevens 974:P.F.Stevens 954:P.F.Stevens 944:P.F.Stevens 904:P.F.Stevens 884:P.F.Stevens 874:P.F.Stevens 844:P.F.Stevens 773:P.F.Stevens 753:P.F.Stevens 743:P.F.Stevens 683:P.F.Stevens 673:P.F.Stevens 663:P.F.Stevens 653:P.F.Stevens 623:P.F.Stevens 603:P.F.Stevens 583:P.F.Stevens 573:P.F.Stevens 532:Calophyllum 530:A stylized 430:triterpenes 407:Calophyllum 396:. Some are 338:Calophyllum 333:Description 286:Calophyllum 270:Australasia 239:Calophyllum 193:(Homotypic) 150:Calophyllum 93:Angiosperms 25:Calophyllum 3290:Categories 2895:England... 2862:Ulyssipone 2586:, p.  2570:, p.  2546:, p.  2530:, p.  2528:Blume 1825 2513:27 January 2483:References 2449:plantation 1615:Guillaumin 1024:F.M.Bailey 552:includes: 474:infections 426:flavonoids 317:Madagascar 288:native to 272:, and the 206:Balsamaria 187:Schmidelia 3050:FloraBase 1876:Vela Díaz 1545:Vela Díaz 1485:O.Schwarz 1114:H.Perrier 964:H.Perrier 526:Symbolism 522:control. 516:windbreak 512:Tacamahac 508:cosmetics 434:cytotoxic 422:xanthones 418:coumarins 197:Apoterium 63:Kingdom: 3247:40035501 3242:Tropicos 2964:Q2697391 2958:Wikidata 2891:(1754). 2877:(1760). 2858:(1790). 2844:(1825). 2823:45018591 2815:19319867 2741:Archived 2471:See also 2268:Thwaites 2258:Lauterb. 2076:Lauterb. 1765:Lauterb. 1705:Lauterb. 1465:Kosterm. 1405:Kosterm. 1174:Lauterb. 1054:Thwaites 1004:Thwaites 813:Cambess. 803:Thwaites 563:Kosterm. 518:and for 500:lamp oil 398:hardwood 354:petioles 294:Wallacea 290:Malaysia 248:tropical 178:Synonyms 170:see text 163:Species 135:Family: 106:Eudicots 3146:1274005 3133:19322-1 3094:3189443 2415:Gallery 2358:Turrill 2086:Burm.f. 2046:A.C.Sm. 1755:A.C.Sm. 1525:Scheff. 1515:Hook.f. 1455:A.C.Sm. 1284:J.J.Sm. 824:A.C.Sm. 633:A.C.Sm. 542:Species 520:erosion 496:massage 436:, anti- 403:plywood 378:stamens 313:Oceania 280:History 253:in the 145:Genus: 125:Order: 67:Plantae 3273:415150 3216:PLANTS 3195:263706 3179:NZOR: 3081:105209 2990:189009 2987:APDB: 2821:  2813:  2650:  2207:Poepp. 2197:Pierre 2167:Willd. 2056:Vesque 1735:Choisy 1625:Vesque 1495:Willd. 1124:Pierre 1104:Pierre 914:Vesque 643:Willd. 502:, and 480:, and 470:tumors 456:, and 428:, and 374:petals 370:sepals 366:thyrse 346:shrubs 266:Africa 255:family 228:Boehm. 226:  217:  215:Calaba 208:  199:  191:Boehm. 189:  119:Rosids 3268:WoRMS 3221:CALOP 3172:73121 3159:21478 3141:IRMNG 3120:83120 3063:FoAO2 3055:21788 3042:1CMUG 3029:60931 3003:99544 2819:S2CID 2676:(PDF) 2398:Merr. 2378:Wight 2308:Zoll. 2298:Merr. 2288:Bisse 2227:Wight 2026:Ridl. 1976:Ridl. 1946:Bisse 1825:Bisse 1805:Drake 1675:Merr. 1655:Merr. 1575:Wight 1425:Drake 1344:Ridl. 1264:Merr. 1244:Ridl. 1194:Ridl. 1144:Ridl. 1044:Merr. 934:Drake 793:Merr. 382:drupe 358:resin 350:latex 342:trees 244:genus 242:is a 224:Ponna 219:Mill. 210:Lour. 201:Blume 113:Clade 100:Clade 87:Clade 74:Clade 3229:POWO 3208:5246 3167:NCBI 3154:ITIS 3128:IPNI 3107:1919 3102:GRIN 3089:GBIF 3037:EPPO 3016:3FWF 2998:APNI 2811:PMID 2648:ISBN 2615:红厚壳属 2515:2024 2187:Miq. 2177:Miq. 2137:King 1936:Miq. 1565:King 1395:Miq. 1064:Miq. 733:Pit. 478:pain 394:wood 388:Uses 372:and 340:are 321:oaks 315:and 292:and 262:Asia 3255:WFO 3076:FoC 3024:EoL 3011:CoL 2803:doi 2716:doi 2712:171 2588:371 2572:268 2548:468 2532:218 2504:L." 492:oil 438:HIV 344:or 246:of 3292:: 3270:: 3257:: 3244:: 3231:: 3218:: 3205:: 3192:: 3169:: 3156:: 3143:: 3130:: 3117:: 3104:: 3091:: 3078:: 3065:: 3052:: 3039:: 3026:: 3013:: 3000:: 2975:: 2960:: 2873:; 2817:. 2809:. 2797:. 2781:). 2768:^ 2710:. 2706:. 2688:^ 2678:. 2642:. 2619:. 2595:^ 2491:^ 1374:L. 834:L. 538:. 510:. 484:. 476:, 472:, 468:, 452:, 448:, 444:, 440:, 424:, 420:, 405:. 276:. 156:L. 115:: 102:: 89:: 76:: 2825:. 2805:: 2799:6 2761:. 2738:. 2724:. 2718:: 2673:" 2669:" 2656:. 2609:" 2590:. 2574:. 2558:. 2550:. 2534:. 2517:. 2500:"

Index


Calophyllum inophyllum
Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Plantae
Tracheophytes
Angiosperms
Eudicots
Rosids
Malpighiales
Calophyllaceae
Calophyllum
L.
see text
Synonyms
genus
tropical
flowering plants
family
Calophyllaceae
Asia
Africa
Australasia
Pacific Islands
Malaysia
Wallacea
shipbuilding
Austronesian
outrigger ships
Austronesian expansion

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