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difference and poverty produced within cities. He views these implications as an assault on the poor, and an attempt to displace their distress which the general public seem to agree with. The argument begins by summarising how different processes overlap and come together, such as economic processes which result in creating people to become vulnerable.
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of a society where freedom in public space has been curtailed and deviance from accepted forms of behaviour has been made impossible. The style of the bench can be related to 'Secret city design tricks to manipulate your behaviour', which relates to the idea that things may be designed to encourage
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As a prime example of urban design and hostile architecture, the co-director of the Centre for Urban
Research at the University of York argues that the idea of the implication of spikes and other related architecture are a part of a broader pattern of hostility and indifference based towards social
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Because the design is "defined far more by what it is not than what it is", the bench has been called the "perfect anti-object", a "masterpiece of unpleasant design", and "the pinnacle of hostile architecture". Other recent names have included 'defensive' or 'disciplinary' architecture. These terms
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founder Dean Harvey, the primary purpose of the bench is to influence behaviour by "minimis the amount of time people spend in an area. With a perched or sloped surface, people can't loiter for too long." One of
Factory Furniture's precursor products, the Serpentine Bench, was marketed in the 1990s
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The designers contend that "Homelessness should never be tolerated in any society and if we start designing in to accommodate homeless then we have totally failed as a society. Proximity to homelessness unfortunately makes us uncomfortable so perhaps it is good that we feel that and recognise
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were removing benches from public spaces because they were seen as enabling behaviour considered anti-social, including skateboarding, sleeping, loitering, and criminal behaviour such as drug dealing. Camden London
Borough Council commissioned the design of a bench that would discourage such
312:. It attempts to achieve this primarily through angular surfaces (deterring sleepers and skateboarders), an absence of crevices or hiding places, and non-permeable materials (via a waterproof anti-paint coating). It is not secured to the ground and can be moved by a
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Popular criticism focused on subverting restrictions imposed by the bench, such as by attempting to skateboard on it or sleep on it, and allowing its use only as a bench.
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describe many sculptures which are designed and attached or installed in public spaces, in an attempt to render them unusable in certain ways by certain people or groups.
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a type of behaviour without it being either obvious or ugly. Another common design of this is modest 'pigs ears', which are placed on walls and benches.
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It is designed specifically to influence the behaviour of the public by restricting certain uses and behaviours and instead to be usable only as a
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Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.
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777:"The London Spikes Controversy: Homelessness, Urban Securitisation and the Question of 'Hostile Architecture'"
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504:"Robert Moses, Pig-Ears and the Camden Bench: How Architectural Hostility Became Transparent"
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attaching to built-in anchor points. Due to its weight, it is also designed to function as a
446:"PAS68 approved" (a classification for vehicle security barriers) for counter-terrorism use.
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601:"The debate: Is hostile architecture designing people -- and nature -- out of cities?"
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The Camden bench received criticism as being a prime example of a wider trend of
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In addition to Camden the bench has been installed at the 16th and
Mission
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Produced by UK company
Factory Furniture, the bench is designed to deter
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900:"Hostile design is still a problem in our public spaces - here's why"
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285:. The bench has been called "the pinnacle of hostile architecture".
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homelessness as a problem rather than design to accommodate it."
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behaviours, and the first Camden benches were installed in 2012.
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plaza in
California. A Camden bench has been used as part of an
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International
Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy
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406:. "Feature sites" for introduction of the bench were on
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Public bench designed as a form of hostile architecture
721:"Secret city design tricks manipulate your behaviour"
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images of the bench installation "feature sites" on
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631:"Interview with Factory Furniture Design Team"
871:"The Camden Bench is more than meets the eye"
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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435:"Best practice for reducing crime" (2012)
221:Learn how and when to remove this message
203:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
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422:The design has achieved several awards:
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973:Discrimination against the homeless
749:"When Design Is Hostile On Purpose"
690:"Designing the Perfect Anti-Object"
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819:Mark, Julian (19 September 2019).
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455:The technical specifications are:
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459:Length, 270 cm (110 in)
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719:Swain, Frank (1 December 2013).
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439:It has also been accredited as:
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898:Long, Molly (16 October 2019).
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747:McDonald, Coby (28 July 2016).
599:Lo, Andrea (21 December 2017).
465:Height, 65 cm (26 in)
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
927:"CAMDEN bench technical sheet"
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462:Width, 55 cm (22 in)
251:in Great Queen Street, London
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775:Petty, James (1 March 2016).
502:Coggins, Tom (17 June 2016).
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468:Weight, approx. 1,765 kg
268:Camden London Borough Council
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664:Quinn, Ben (13 June 2014).
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281:, a principle known as
247:Camden benches outside
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936:. 2012. Archived from
370:. Critics claim it is
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968:Class discrimination
400:installation artwork
368:hostile architecture
283:hostile architecture
84:improve this article
943:on 3 September 2014
509:Failed Architecture
471:Materials, exposed
879:. 21 February 2018
876:Camden Town London
851:Great Queen Street
847:Google street view
575:. 26 November 2016
567:"The Camden Bench"
544:on 29 January 2017
408:Great Queen Street
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945:. Retrieved
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855:High Holborn
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905:Design Week
444:Home Office
366:, known as
330:Camden Town
274:, in 2012.
180:may not be
962:Categories
695:Medium.com
572:Ian Visits
548:2 December
487:References
372:emblematic
110:newspapers
39:improve it
947:29 August
803:2202-8005
701:29 August
473:aggregate
354:Criticism
337:Rationale
318:roadblock
294:littering
193:June 2022
140:June 2022
45:talk page
1003:Concrete
476:concrete
364:homeless
306:graffiti
261:concrete
182:reliable
911:30 June
883:30 June
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478:with a
324:History
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418:Awards
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941:(PDF)
930:(PDF)
482:frame
314:crane
310:theft
279:bench
131:JSTOR
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949:2014
913:2022
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853:and
834:2022
799:ISSN
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734:2022
703:2014
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550:2016
517:2022
410:and
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103:news
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726:BBC
606:CNN
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