357:
280:
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25:
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405:, where massed troops at close range (usually less than 400 yards) could be broken up by artillery batteries firing canister. At times, particularly at very close range, artillery crews would fire extremely lethal "double canister," where two rounds were loaded into the gun tube and fired simultaneously using a single charge. At the Battle of Waterloo, in 1815,
272:
329:", a special gun with an oval bore—intended to spread shot even wider—was briefly introduced into Russian service, but ultimately proved unsuccessful. The Royal Artillery Museum at Woolwich, London, holds examples of two early 18th century experimental French wide bore cannon—flattened tubes intended to scatter canister wide but in one horizontal plane.
487:—were developed from canister during the Napoleonic Wars and were intended to deliver the same canister effect, but at much longer ranges. As a result, its early designation was "spherical case shot". Instead of a tin can filled with metal balls, the shrapnel shells carry a small powder charge to break open the case and disperse the shrapnel.
348:. This can be used against enemy infantry even when in proximity to friendly armoured vehicles, as the projectiles do not penetrate armour. In addition it can be used to create entry points to buildings, reduce wire obstacles and clear heavy vegetation, as well as strike low flying aircraft and helicopters.
364:
At times when the supply of balls was limited, nails, scrap iron or lead, wire, and other similar metal objects were included. The projectile had been known since at least the 16th century and was known by various nicknames in the 17th century such as hailshot or partridge shot. Rounds recovered from
497:
Case shot broadly describes any multi-projectile artillery ammunition. The canister round is known as a case, so canister was sometimes called case shot and the term has confusingly become generic for grapeshot and shrapnel shells. However, the term case shot is also used to describe a hollow ball
467:
During the Korean War United
Nations tanks experienced close-range massed infantry attacks from Communist forces. As a consequence a canister-type tank round was introduced to "sweep" enemy infantry off friendly tanks without harming friendly tank crews, who were behind canister-proof armor. UK
436:
At times, trained artillerists would fire the canister shot towards the ground in front of advancing enemy troops, causing the conical pattern to flatten out as the balls ricocheted and skipped off the terrain. This in effect widened the killing zone. An example of this tactic was on the
493:
was a geometric arrangement of round shot packed tightly into a canvas bag and separated from the gunpowder charge by a metal disk of full bore diameter. Grapeshot used fewer but larger projectiles than were contained within canister or shrapnel shells.
263:. It has been used since the advent of gunpowder-firing artillery in Western armies, and saw particularly frequent use on land and at sea in the various wars of the 18th and 19th century. Canister is still used today in modern artillery.
609:
375:
armed his guns with a range of makeshift weaponry including langrage. Several of his cannons, still loaded with spikes and shot, have been recovered from the wreck site of his flagship, the
371:(sunk 1545) were wooden cylinders filled with broken flint flakes. When filled with rubbish or scrap (rather than round bullets) the round could be known as scrapshot or langrage. In 1718
295:
balls packed with sawdust to add more solidity and cohesion to the mass and to prevent the balls from crowding each other when the round was fired. The canister itself was usually made of
397:
When fired, the canister disintegrates and its shards and projectiles spread out in a conical formation, causing a wide swath of destruction. It was particularly effective during the
1030:
381:. Archaeologists have also retrieved conglomerations of lead shot, nails, spikes and glass from the site. Langrage was also found among the artifact assemblage of the
360:
Langrage shot for a cannon of the early 17th century, consisting of iron nails, iron fragments, loam and hemp fabric, as a substitute for spherical metal projectiles.
816:
314:
A cloth cartridge bag containing the round's gunpowder used to fire the canister from the gun barrel could be attached to the back of the metal canister for smaller
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413:, fired a roundshot and a canister from each gun as a double-shot. The roundshot was loaded first with the canister on top. Canister played a key role for
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of the metal. Iron was substituted for tin for larger-caliber guns. The ends of the canister were closed with wooden or metal disks.
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containing a powder charge and bullets. After firing the iron ball the powder would explode, scattering the bullets.
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weapons known to have fielded a canister round are the 76 mm and 105 mm tank guns and the 120 mm
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of wood, metal, or similar material was sometimes used to help the round during firing from the cannon.
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Artillery shot-canister for a 12-pounder cannon from the US Civil War era. From the collection of the
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Various types of canister were devised for specific models of artillery field pieces. In 1753, the "
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526:(DPICM), a type of artillery ammunition similar to canister shots but with explosive submunitions
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610:"Blackbeard's Queen Anne's Revenge wreck reveals secrets of the real Pirate of the Caribbean"
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344:. The effect is to turn a large-caliber gun on an armored fighting vehicle into a giant
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666:
639:"The 'Mardi Gras' Shipwreck: Results from a Deep-Water Excavation, Gulf of Mexico, USA"
456:
Canister shot was also used to good effect by U.S. Marine 37 mm anti-tank guns in
402:
333:
44:
1365:
Sharps M1848, M1850, M1851, M1852, M1853, M1855, M1859, M1863, M1865 carbine and rifle
287:
Canister shot consists of a closed metal cylinder typically loosely filled with round
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887:. US Army Armaments Research, Development & Engineering Center. Archived from
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James 24-pounder M1839, 32-pounder M1829 and 42-pounder M1841 rifled cannon
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453:, breaking up their attack and forcing them to take cover in a depression.
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Parrott 30-pounder, 100-pounder, 200-pounder and 300-pounder rifled cannon
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Marines
Dodging Death: Sixty-Two Accounts of Close Calls in World War II
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724:. University Press of Mississippi 2010. pp. 112 ff. ISBN 9781604734515.
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372:
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1666:(also known as James 6-pounder M1861 or 3.8-inch M1861 rifled cannon)
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248:. Note the uniform, regularly shaped projectiles, unlike langrage.
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441:, where Lt. James Stewart's Battery B, 4th U.S. Artillery on
882:"Development of the M1028, 120mm Anti-Personnel Tank Round"
292:
288:
271:
1321:
Joslyn M1855, M1861, M1862, M1864, M1865 carbine and rifle
483:
shells—named for the inventor, British artillery officer
296:
868:
The Civil War
Artillery Projectile and Cannon Home Page
475:
275:
Examples of old case-shot, which predates the canister
950:
870:—Several detailed pages on specific types of canister
188:. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are
1600:
8-inch M1841, 10-inch M1841 and 13-inch M1861 mortar
636:
90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
762:
733:
637:Ford, Ben; Borgens, Amy; Hitchcock, Peter (2010).
1854:
1380:Spencer M1860, M1865 repeating carbine and rifle
760:
879:
862:"Tin Canister or Case Shot in the 18th Century"
336:developed a canister round, the M1028, for the
936:
643:International Journal of Nautical Archaeology
578:Hayward, Duncan; Henry, Paul (15 June 2006).
385:shipwreck, 4000 ft (1219 m) deep in the
340:' 120 mm smoothbore gun in time for the
1054:Allen & Thurber M1837 revolver pepperbox
1006:M1850 army staff & field officer's sword
577:
524:Dual-purpose improved conventional munition
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1119:Deringer M1825 Philadelphia caplock pistol
991:M1840 army noncommissioned officer's sword
943:
929:
1207:Wesson and Leavitt M1850 Dragoon revolver
1164:Remington M1860 Elliot revolver pepperbox
769:. World War II. Time-Life Books. p.
561:The Photographic History of the Civil War
535:Field artillery in the American Civil War
226:Learn how and when to remove this message
208:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
355:
278:
270:
239:
184:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1069:Butterfield M1855 transitional revolver
1855:
1691:Parrott 20-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
1686:Parrott 10-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
1643:12-pounder M1857 Napoleon field cannon
880:MacMillan, Hugh; Hylton, Neal (2005).
567:. New York: Castle Books. p. 177.
558:
1540:Billinghurst Requa Battery volley gun
1259:Colt M1855 revolver carbine and rifle
924:
740:. McFarland and Company. p. 15.
554:
552:
550:
16:Class of ammunition used by artillery
1663:James 14-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
1129:Harpers Ferry M1836 and M1842 pistol
1031:USMC noncommissioned officer's sword
161:
88:adding citations to reliable sources
59:
18:
1676:Ordnance 3-inch M1861 rifled cannon
1179:Smith & Wesson Model No. 2 Army
1059:Allen & Wheelock M1861 revolver
476:Similar multi-projectile ammunition
433:the Confederates used this method.
13:
1759:Whitworth 70-pounder rifled cannon
1706:Whitworth 12-pounder rifled cannon
1638:12-pounder M1841 mountain howitzer
1370:Sharps & Hankins M1862 carbine
1254:Charleville M1816 and M1822 musket
1124:Elgin M1838 cutlass caplock pistol
559:Miller, Francis Trevelyan (1957).
547:
14:
1884:
1183:Spiller & Burr M1861 revolver
952:Weapons of the American Civil War
855:
841:Civil War Artillery at Gettysburg
34:This article has multiple issues.
1169:Savage-North M1861 Navy revolver
663:10.1111/j.1095-9270.2009.00233.x
392:
166:
64:
23:
1681:Ordnance 4.5-inch rifled cannon
1435:Springfield M1863 rifled musket
1430:Springfield M1861 rifled musket
1425:Springfield M1855 rifled musket
1244:Brunswick P1836 and P1841 rifle
1197:Volcanic M1855 repeating pistol
809:
299:, often dipped in a lacquer of
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
1605:Coehorn 5.82-inch M1841 mortar
1455:Wesson M1859 carbine and rifle
1450:Volcanic M1855 repeating rifle
1187:Starr M1858 and M1863 revolver
787:
754:
727:
714:
692:"Mystery Mardi Gras Shipwreck"
684:
630:
602:
571:
417:forces during their defeat of
266:
1:
1064:Beaumont–Adams M1862 revolver
540:
431:Battle of Brice's Cross Roads
429:in July 1863. In 1864 at the
1863:American Civil War artillery
1628:6-pounder M1841 field cannon
1548:Gatling I and II machine gun
1360:Richmond M1861 rifled musket
1074:Colt M1836 Paterson revolver
817:"Artillery in the Civil War"
508:Beehive anti-personnel round
246:Minnesota Historical Society
7:
1420:Springfield M1847 musketoon
1309:Henry M1860 repeating rifle
1274:Enfield P1853 rifled musket
1269:Deringer M1817 Common rifle
1264:Deringer M1814 Common rifle
1084:Colt M1848 Dragoon revolver
1011:M1852 naval officer's sword
1001:M1840 light artillery saber
734:Robert A. Simonsen (2009).
586:. Australia. Archived from
501:
472:recoilless anti-tank guns.
449:'s approaching Confederate
351:
10:
1889:
1326:Lorenz M1854 rifled musket
1174:Smith & Wesson Model 1
1109:Colt M1862 Police revolver
1089:Colt M1849 Pocket revolver
1079:Colt M1847 Walker revolver
983:M1832 foot artillery sword
912:: CS1 maint: postscript (
822:. U.S. Army Ordnance Corps
1771:
1714:
1653:32-pounder M1844 howitzer
1648:24-pounder M1841 howitzer
1633:12-pounder M1841 howitzer
1613:
1590:
1581:
1525:
1468:
1220:
1144:Lefaucheux M1858 revolver
1139:Lefaucheux M1854 revolver
1039:
1021:M1860 light cavalry saber
958:
902:. Slideshow presentation.
761:Rafael Steinberg (1978).
445:skipped canister shot at
1729:Bomford Columbiad cannon
1415:Springfield M1842 musket
1410:Springfield M1840 musket
1405:Springfield M1835 musket
1400:Springfield M1822 musket
1395:Springfield M1816 musket
1390:Springfield M1812 musket
1385:Springfield M1795 musket
1304:Harper Ferry M1803 rifle
1299:Hall-North M1843 carbine
1284:Fayetteville M1862 rifle
1159:Remington M1858 revolver
1114:Colt Root M1855 revolver
1104:Colt M1861 Navy revolver
1099:Colt M1860 Army revolver
1094:Colt M1851 Navy revolver
1754:Rodman Columbiad cannon
1489:Double-barreled shotgun
1341:Mississippi M1841 rifle
1279:Enfield P1861 musketoon
876:—AmericanRevolution.ORG
843:, Da Capo Press, 2002,
439:first day of Gettysburg
283:British case-shot, 1914
1289:Gallager M1861 carbine
1249:Burnside M1855 carbine
1212:Whitney M1857 revolver
1192:Tranter M1856 revolver
722:Weapons of Mississippi
361:
284:
276:
249:
1658:Blakely rifled cannon
1568:Vandenberg volley gun
1460:Whitworth P1857 rifle
1445:Tarpley M1863 carbine
1336:Merrill M1858 carbine
1331:Maynard M1851 carbine
1234:Augustin M1842 musket
795:"Civil War Artillery"
618:. London. 29 May 2011
460:to break up Japanese
411:Royal Horse Artillery
365:Henry VIII's warship
359:
342:2003 invasion of Iraq
282:
274:
243:
1868:Artillery ammunition
1734:Brooke rifled cannon
1701:Pate revolver cannon
1573:Williams machine gun
1558:Pate revolver cannon
1494:Hale rocket launcher
1355:Potzdam M1831 musket
1202:Walch M1859 revolver
1154:Moore M1864 revolver
1149:LeMat M1856 revolver
1049:Adams M1851 revolver
864:by Adrian B. Caruana
696:Nautilus Productions
427:Battle of Gettysburg
378:Queen Anne's Revenge
177:factual accuracy is
84:improve this article
1822:Maynard tape primer
1544:Claxton machine gun
1440:Starr M1858 carbine
1375:Smith M1857 carbine
1239:Ballard M1861 rifle
1134:Kerr M1855 revolver
996:M1840 cavalry saber
987:M1833 dragoon saber
797:. Civil War Academy
655:2010IJNAr..39...76F
615:The Daily Telegraph
590:on 11 November 2012
565:Forts and Artillery
1563:Ripley machine gun
1553:Gorgas machine gun
1527:Rapid fire weapons
968:Arkansas toothpick
894:on 19 January 2012
580:"The Abrams files"
563:. Vol. Five:
403:American Civil War
362:
334:United States Army
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1721:Coastal artillery
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839:Cole, Philip M.,
720:Dougherty Kevin.
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1739:Carronade cannon
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1588:
1587:
1535:Ager machine gun
1517:Winans Steam Gun
1346:P1839 and P1842
1294:Hall M1819 rifle
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470:MOBAT and WOMBAT
447:Alfred M. Scales
423:Pickett's Charge
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1812:Friction primer
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1749:Paixhans cannon
1744:Dahlgren cannon
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1620:Siege artillery
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1484:Congreve rocket
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702:on 13 June 2015
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443:Seminary Ridge
407:Mercer's Troop
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387:Gulf of Mexico
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257:anti-personnel
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101: –
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95:Find sources:
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73:This article
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1313:Jenks M1841
896:. Retrieved
889:the original
840:
824:. Retrieved
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799:. Retrieved
789:
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704:. Retrieved
700:the original
695:
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674:. Retrieved
649:(1): 76–98.
646:
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620:. Retrieved
613:
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592:. Retrieved
588:the original
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458:World War II
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82:Please help
77:verification
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
1873:Projectiles
978:Bowie knife
530:Heated shot
425:during the
419:Confederate
307:to prevent
267:Description
1857:Categories
1827:Minié ball
1777:cartridges
1773:Ammunition
1348:Brown Bess
541:References
513:Chain shot
421:troops in
383:Mardi Gras
373:Blackbeard
318:cannon. A
305:turpentine
261:ammunition
259:artillery
140:April 2011
110:newspapers
39:improve it
1817:Gunpowder
1792:.44 Henry
1787:.22 Short
1583:Artillery
1479:Coach gun
671:161377836
584:Army News
491:Grapeshot
368:Mary Rose
338:M1 Abrams
309:corrosion
198:June 2019
186:talk page
45:talk page
1512:Sea mine
1315:Mule ear
1041:Sidearms
908:cite web
594:10 April
502:See also
481:Shrapnel
451:infantry
401:and the
352:Langrage
179:disputed
1592:Mortars
1317:carbine
1226:muskets
973:Bayonet
651:Bibcode
346:shotgun
316:caliber
301:beeswax
124:scholar
1842:Ramrod
1350:musket
1222:Rifles
847:
826:25 May
801:25 May
777:
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706:25 May
676:25 May
669:
622:29 May
126:
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1716:Naval
1615:Field
898:6 May
892:(PDF)
885:(PDF)
820:(PDF)
667:S2CID
415:Union
320:sabot
131:JSTOR
117:books
1224:and
914:link
900:2012
845:ISBN
828:2019
803:2019
775:ISBN
742:ISBN
708:2019
678:2019
624:2011
596:2011
332:The
293:iron
289:lead
103:news
1718:and
1617:and
659:doi
297:tin
291:or
86:by
1859::
1775:,
910:}}
906:{{
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51:(
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