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Originally from
Hanover, Carl Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Flügge studied medicine in Göttingen, Bonn, Leipzig and Munich. In 1878 he taught hygiene in Berlin. In 1881, he became holder of the first chair of hygiene at the University of Göttingen, then professor at the universities of Breslau and Berlin,
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Flügge was a colleague of microbiologist Robert Koch (1843-1910), with whom he co-edited the journal
Zeitschrift für Hygiene und Infektionskrankheiten. Two of his best-known assistants in Breslau were Wolfgang Weichardt (1875-1943) and Walther Kruse (1864-1943).
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In the 1890s, he demonstrated that even during simple speech, tiny droplets (Flügge droplets) were propelled into the air. This discovery was instrumental in advocating the use of surgical gauze masks by Jan
Mikulicz-Radecki (1850–1905) in 18974,5.
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Carl Flügge was known for advocating for hygiene as an independent medical discipline, and he is recognized for his extensive research into the transmission of infectious diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis and cholera.
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Flügge is known for advocating hygiene as an independent medical discipline, and is remembered for performing extensive research involving the transmission of infectious diseases such as
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Die mikroorganismen : Mit besonderer berücksichtigung der ätiologie der infektionskrankheiten. Dritte, völlig umgearbeitete
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Die
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where he succeeded Max Rubner (1854-1932) in the department of hygiene.
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Species and
Specificity: An Interpretation of the History of Immunology
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Microbe in American Life
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as a route for the spread of respiratory infectious diseases.
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are sprayed into the air. This laid ground to the concept of
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Among his publications are two important books on hygiene:
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In 1881 Flügge became the first chair of hygiene at the
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214:] (in German). Leipzig: Verlag von Veit & Comp.
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