101:
26:
1818:
1916:
1546:
1243:
1413:
615:
1675:
817:
1845:
was first activated in 1889 for a deployment to the central
Pacific to reinforce the gunboats on station there. Competing claims to the islands of Samoa created tension between Germany, Britain, and the United States, necessitating a larger warship to enforce Germany's claims to the islands. The ship
563:
As German commercial interests began to expand to overseas markets in Asia and the
Pacific in the 1870s, the need for long-range cruising warships became increasingly severe, particularly as other European powers started to exclude German businesses from activity abroad. By the mid-1870s, the fleet
1651:
and stopped in
Morocco on the way back to enforce a settlement over the murder of two German citizens. After reaching Germany in September 1895, she was decommissioned. Later assigned to the reserve training unit, she was never activated for the role, since the navy had determined it would be too
1896:
was recalled to
Germany, and while she was en route, she stopped in Morocco to pressure local authorities into paying reparations for the murder of two German citizens. On her arrival in Germany she went into dry dock to be inspected, and it was found that her hull had badly deteriorated after
1723:
While on the second cruise, she was ordered to join the cruiser squadron
Germany maintained to respond to crises around the world. She patrolled German colonial holdings in German East Africa and German New Guinea from 1886 to 1892. During this period, she helped to secure East Africa, sending
933:, with their additional engine, were rated for 14 knots from 2,400 ihp (1,800 kW); the former achieved her designed speed and the latter exceeded it slightly, reaching 14.1 knots (26.1 km/h; 16.2 mph) on speed trials. The first four ships had a cruising radius of 3,420
1012:
had newer 30-cal. versions of the 15 cm guns, which had a range of 6,800 m (7,400 yd), and were supplied with 730 shells. They also carried four 10.5 cm (4.1 in) 35-cal. guns with 400 rounds; these guns had a range of 7,300 m (8,000 yd). Like their
1704:
before
Germany had declared a protectorate in the country. The ship's commander exceeded his orders, which instructed him to avoid direct conflict with local rulers, though he successfully negotiated agreements that protected German citizens in the area and arrested hostile chiefs.
1954:
after completion until 1892, when she was activated for an extended deployment abroad. She protected German interests in
Venezuela in 1892 during unrest in the country, and her presence forced the Venezuelan government to issue an apology for attacks against German citizens in
1590:
in the region. Her deployment to the central
Pacific was cut short when she accidentally ran aground off New Mecklenburg and was badly damaged, necessitating a return to Germany for extensive repairs. She was thereafter laid up for the remainder of the decade.
995:
guns, which were supplied with a total of 1,000 rounds of ammunition. The guns had a range of 5,000 m (5,500 yd). They also carried two 8.7 cm (3.4 in) 24-cal. guns with 200 rounds of ammunition and six 37 mm (1.5 in)
661:, were slightly larger, at 71.8 m (235 ft 7 in) at the waterline and 81.2 m (266 ft 5 in) overall, with a beam of 12.6 m (41 ft 4 in) and a draft of 5 m (16 ft 5 in) forward. The first four ships
600:, though they were reduced in size. Despite the fact that they were intended to modernize the German cruising fleet, their design was obsolescent before construction even began, capable of engaging only similar vessels. Nevertheless, the
1715:
of the training squadron. During exercises in
September 1884, she was rammed and badly damaged by a steam ship. She returned to service after lengthy repairs, and in 1885 and 1886, went on extended training cruises, the first to the
1782:
was converted into a dedicated training ship between 1895 and 1898, entering service in that role in
January 1898. This duty lasted for only a year before she was withdrawn in March 1899, having been replaced by the larger corvette
944:
rig with a surface area of 1,134 to 1,230 square meters (12,210 to 13,240 sq ft) to supplement their steam engines on their long deployments abroad, where coal might be scarce. After they were converted into gunnery
755:
had a crew that consisted of 25 officers and 244 enlisted men, though as school ships their crews were reduced to 13 officers and 135 enlisted, which left room for 150 cadets aboard each vessel.
576:(Imperial Navy) was rapidly ageing, with several vessels already twenty years old. At the time, the world's navies were grappling with the development of steam power, which had already replaced sails in large
1846:
patrolled German New Guinea until 1891, protecting German interests in the region and punishing locals who attacked Germans in the islands. In 1891, she joined the cruiser squadron, which also included
1305:
in 1883, her crew named a previously unused harbor "Queen Carola Harbor", after their vessel's namesake. After returning to Germany in 1883, she was laid up until 1886, during which time she received a
1471:
Her third cruise began in September 1885, and initially saw the ship sent to German East Africa to join the cruising squadron. She was tasked with patrolling the coast of the German protectorate of
2720:
Nottelmann, Dirk (2022). Wright, Christopher C. (ed.). "From "Wooden Walls" to "New-Testament Ships": The Development of the German Armored Cruiser 1854â1918, Part II: "The Iron-Cruisers"".
1521:
saw limited service in a variety of subsidiary roles. She was used as a training ship from 1893 to 1897, when she was transferred to the Fishery School. She conducted an extensive survey in
1022:, which was converted into a gunnery training ship in the early 1890s, the 15 cm guns were later reduced to six and then four guns, and the 8.7 cm guns were replaced by a pair of
1618:(Revolt of the Fleet) there. After they ensured that German interests in Brazil were safe, the three ships were then sent to East Asia in April 1894, where they formed the nucleus of the
1736:
delta and blockading the coast. While in the Pacific station, she conducted punitive expeditions against locals who had attacked Germans and cruised the Chinese coast with the corvette
2018:
and the rest of the division remained off China in the aftermath of the Sino-Japanese War to protect Europeans against riots directed at foreigners. The ship was under repair when
1867:
had to take her under tow. The squadron thereafter cruised off East Asia in 1892, and by the end of the year, went to German East Africa. In 1893, she was sent to Brazil where the
1525:
in 1898 before being decommissioned late in the year, to be converted into a gunnery training ship. She served in that capacity until 1905, when she was stricken from the
1281:, was sent on two major overseas deployments during her career. The first came immediately after entering service in 1881 and lasted into 1883. She went to the central
2026:
in China with the rest of the Division in 1897, and was therefore unable to participate in the operation, though she later assisted in defending the concession.
439:
of ten 15-centimeter (5.9 in) guns. Relying primarily on sail power for their long-range deployments, the ships were obsolescent before construction began.
606:-class corvettes and the other cruisers available succeeded in expanding Germany's colonial empire, particularly in the central Pacific in the 1880s and 1890s.
1586:
between Bolivia, Chile, and Peru in late 1883 and early 1884, she was transferred to German New Guinea, where she was tasked with supporting Germany's growing
1332:
1468:
returned to Germany in 1885, and she thereafter served as a training ship, though this activity lasted only a few months before she was again ordered abroad.
431:. They were ordered to replace older sailing vessels that were no longer sufficient to protect German interests around the world. Intended for service in the
1905:
from 1904 to 1907. That year, she was stricken from the naval register, sold and used temporarily as a floating workshop, and then broken up later in 1907.
491:
Several of the corvettes were used for training purposes, taking part in fleet exercises, extended training cruises with naval cadets, and in the case of
587:
In 1875, the design for a new class of screw corvettes was prepared, and six ships were ordered, the last two to a modified design. The design for the
1368:
was converted into a gunnery training ship, as she was by then obsolete as a warship. She served in this capacity, in company with the training ship
868:
had a 2-cylinder steam engine, with a propeller that was 4.7 m (15 ft 5 in) wide, and they had two fewer boilers and only one funnel.
2894:
2762:
1733:
442:
The six ships were all sent on lengthy overseas deployments throughout their careers, with assignments to Germany's colonial holdings in Africaâ
2042:, where a German merchant sailor had been murdered. In early 1899, she was recalled to Germany and was decommissioned in June. She was renamed
1839:, while larger warships would generally be kept in reserve, with a handful assigned to a flying squadron that could respond to crises quickly.
1126:
84:
1975:(Protection force). Later in 1893, she was sent to Brazil when a naval revolt threatened German nationals in the country. There, she joined
1855:
The ships were sent to Chile to protect German nationals during the Chilean Civil War that year; while on the way, the squadron flagship,
1594:
The ship was reactivated for a second overseas tour in 1892. She was first sent to Chile protect German nationals in the aftermath of the
462:. They were frequently used to suppress local uprisings against German rule, punish those who attacked German citizens or businesses, and
1835:
was laid up for several years after completion; at the time, the German navy had a plan whereby Germany's colonies would be protected by
1574:
was sent abroad immediately after entering service, initially to South America, where she picked up the German participants of the first
677:, and the larger vessels displaced 2,361 metric tons (2,324 long tons) as designed and 2,662 metric tons (2,620 long tons) fully laden.
1475:; she also forced the extradition of two locals who had murdered a German explorer. In 1887, the squadron was sent to the Pacific, and
1444:
was sent abroad on three major deployments. The first, uneventful voyage came in 1882, and took the vessel to South American waters to
892:. Each vessel had a capacity for 340 to 350 metric tons (330 to 340 long tons; 370 to 390 short tons) of coal storage for the boilers.
1897:
several years abroad. As a result, she was decommissioned in June 1895. She did not see further active service, being used only as a
1729:
1481:
arrived in Samoa in August that year. She sent men ashore to fight Samoan rebels opposed to the German-backed government in the
435:, the ships were designed with a combination of steam and sail power for extended cruising range, and they were equipped with a
880:
had two engines and eight boilers, and both vessels had two funnels. Electricity was provided by one generator that produced 2
2710:
2681:
2643:
2528:
2506:
2887:
1462:
and three other corvettes send marines ashore to battle local forces resisting German rule. After defeating the rebellion,
1959:. She joined the overseas cruiser squadron in German East Africa the following year; while in African waters, she went to
584:
were not yet reliable or efficient enough to rely on them alone, necessitating the retention of traditional sailing rigs.
2755:
2903:
2861:
2034:
then conducted survey cruises in the central Pacific Ocean and protected German nationals in the Philippines after the
1776:
s stay there was short-lived, as she was recalled to Germany in June and was decommissioned shortly after her arrival.
1658:
to service. Instead, she was eventually stricken from the naval register in 1904 and sold for scrap three years later.
841:
2662:
2620:
2597:
2574:
2551:
2992:
2880:
2748:
684:
were constructed with iron frames that provided the structure for the wood hull planks, over which a layer of
2023:
1697:
513:
class were withdrawn from active service by the end of the decade. Some were used for training purposes, but
459:
275:
2063:
was reclassified as a miscellaneous harbor ship later that year, and she was ultimately broken up in 1906.
1499:
and was forced to leave the station for repairs; two other German vessels were destroyed by the storm, but
1301:
who had murdered a pair of German citizens and nine locals who had worked for them. While at the island of
909:, the slowest ship of the class, reached a top speed of 13.7 knots (25.4 km/h; 15.8 mph), while
1355:, sending marines ashore to fight the rebels and providing gunfire support to German forces led by Major
780:
each had a crew of 25 officers and 257 enlisted. Each corvette carried several smaller boats;
1452:
served aboard the ship. The second cruise came shortly thereafter, when unrest in the German colony of
1449:
2609:
Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe: Biographien â ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart
2586:
Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe: Biographien â ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart
2563:
Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe: Biographien â ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart
2540:
Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe: Biographien â ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart
1595:
997:
848:
that was 5.02 m (16 ft 6 in) wide in diameter. Steam was provided by eight coal-fired
346:
1380:
through the 1890s and early 1900s, with this duty being interrupted in 1897, when she was used as a
2035:
2006:
served as the divisional flagship until early 1895, when she was replaced by the protected cruiser
1960:
1575:
1344:
1157:
1027:
447:
64:
2946:
2836:
1623:
1482:
1294:
1293:, and later went to southern Africa, and was the first German warship to reach what would become
634:
594:
436:
116:
2630:
Lyon, Hugh (1979). "Germany". In Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger; Kolesnik, Eugene M. (eds.).
2938:
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2922:
2495:
By Order of the Kaiser: Otto von Diederichs and the Rise of the Imperial German Navy, 1865â1902
1587:
1188:
736:
721:
432:
74:
2914:
2498:
1887:
and the other ships were then sent back to East Asia to monitor the First Sino-Japanese War.
992:
2632:
2631:
1760:
in defending Germans during the civil war in the country, which included landing marines in
900:
253:
1784:
1639:
1579:
473:
106:
1634:
was recalled to Germany in mid-1895, as she had been replaced by a newer and more capable
8:
2613:
The German Warships: Biographies â A Reflection of Naval History from 1815 to the Present
2590:
The German Warships: Biographies â A Reflection of Naval History from 1815 to the Present
2567:
The German Warships: Biographies â A Reflection of Naval History from 1815 to the Present
2544:
The German Warships: Biographies â A Reflection of Naval History from 1815 to the Present
2019:
1328:
988:
662:
488:
being forced ashore by a cyclone in 1889âbut none of the members of the class were lost.
1335:. The squadron's time in the Pacific was uneventful, and consisted of visiting ports in
2655:
The Late Victorian Navy: The Pre-Dreadnought Era and the Origins of the First World War
2430:
2406:
2394:
2358:
2346:
2298:
2274:
2262:
2250:
1737:
1619:
1583:
1320:
571:
555:, which lingered on as a floating barracks until she too went to the breakers in 1920.
451:
386:
2449:
2447:
2445:
1445:
463:
2820:
2729:
2706:
2677:
2658:
2639:
2616:
2593:
2570:
2547:
2524:
2502:
2322:
2310:
2201:
2199:
2186:
2184:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2052:
1933:
1635:
1613:
1426:
1340:
1253:
1210:
1082:
984:
681:
656:
455:
426:
249:
1915:
1700:
on a visit to Spain. She then went to western Africa to protect German nationals in
2442:
2418:
2370:
2286:
2238:
2226:
1898:
1685:
1356:
1324:
1278:
1031:
937:(6,330 km; 3,940 mi) at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).
849:
705:
580:. Cruising vessels required a much longer radius of action than the ironclads, and
577:
243:
2334:
2196:
2181:
2096:
2813:
1812:
1369:
1352:
1297:. While in the Pacific, she conducted a punitive operation against locals in the
1179:
1023:
845:
650:
642:
420:
269:
2516:
1343:. During operations off East Africa from 1888 to 1890, she participated in anti-
25:
1526:
1509:
1298:
1041:
638:
380:
187:
507:. No longer useful as cruising warships by the 1890s, all of the ships of the
2986:
2969:
2872:
2733:
2049:
1990:
The outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War in 1894 prompted the transfer of
1951:
1873:
in that country threatened German interests. While in Brazil, an outbreak of
1790:
1725:
1556:
1391:
1282:
962:
946:
934:
853:
805:
793:
735:, and all six ships maneuvered well under steam, and better under sail. They
725:
542:
532:
504:
311:
1817:
1535:
was sold for scrap the following year and was broken up in Hamburg in 1908.
1242:
2698:
1970:
1874:
1307:
966:
646:
581:
466:. On several occasions, ships of the class were badly damaged in accidentsâ
2740:
1997:
1798:
1717:
1522:
1381:
1302:
896:
709:
299:
2523:. Vol. I: Major Surface Vessels. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
2806:
2785:
2038:
in 1898. She was also sent on a punitive mission against the island of
1878:
1761:
1711:
then returned home and was tasked with training duties, serving as the
1669:
1622:, and were tasked with protecting German nationals in China during the
1267:
1148:
1075:
885:
757:
744:
689:
414:
392:
30:
1545:
1456:
necessitated the formation of a West African Squadron to suppress it.
1351:
carrying 78 slaves that were freed. She also helped suppress the
314:(6,330 km; 3,940 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
2799:
2607:
Hildebrand, Hans H.; Röhr, Albert & Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1993).
2584:
Hildebrand, Hans H.; Röhr, Albert & Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1993).
2561:
Hildebrand, Hans H.; Röhr, Albert & Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1993).
2538:
Hildebrand, Hans H.; Röhr, Albert & Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1993).
2007:
1964:
1794:
1564:
1336:
1290:
1117:
750:
713:
674:
408:
398:
197:
57:
2606:
2583:
2560:
2537:
2453:
2436:
2424:
2412:
2400:
2376:
2364:
2352:
2340:
2328:
2316:
2304:
2292:
2280:
2268:
2256:
2244:
2232:
2205:
2190:
2107:
2962:
2845:
2792:
1925:
1712:
1472:
1433:
1102:
881:
763:
740:
670:
649:
of 4.98 m (16 ft 4 in) forward. The last two ships,
565:
402:
205:
129:
36:
2674:
Preparing for Weltpolitik: German Sea Power Before the Tirpitz Era
1801:, ultimately being sold in 1920 and broken up the following year.
762:
had a complement of 10 officers and 244 enlisted, while
2039:
1836:
1496:
1453:
1399:
1132:
1086:
1034:. As converted as a gunnery training ship for automatic weapons,
1767:
In April 1892, the three ships continued on to East Africa, but
1412:
1956:
1902:
1163:
941:
801:
732:
717:
287:
2459:
614:
519:
was too worn out from her years abroad to permit further use,
1674:
1395:
1286:
889:
804:, while the other four vessels each had one picket boat, one
666:
546:
201:
1339:
and patrolling Germany's holdings in the central Pacific in
1323:
and the Pacific as part of a cruising squadron commanded by
1040:
later carried just two 8.8 cm guns and ten 3.7 cm
816:
1881:. After the Brazilian government suppressed the rebellion,
1701:
1486:
1422:
1348:
1194:
797:
716:
were also iron, except for the last two vessels, which had
685:
443:
2471:
2615:] (in German). Vol. 7. Ratingen: Mundus Verlag.
2592:] (in German). Vol. 6. Ratingen: Mundus Verlag.
2569:] (in German). Vol. 2. Ratingen: Mundus Verlag.
2546:] (in German). Vol. 1. Ratingen: Mundus Verlag.
1390:
was decommissioned in 1905, sold the following year, and
903:(1,600 kW), though they all exceeded those figures.
673:) as designed and 2,424 metric tons (2,386 long tons) at
2000:
to East Asia as the nucleus of the East Asia Division.
961:
had their sailing rig removed, and they received heavy
899:(25.0 km/h; 15.5 mph) under steam from 2,100
525:
was too expensive to convert into a training ship, and
364:; the other members of the class varied in some details
2084:
2072:
1696:
was sent abroad in 1883, first to escort Crown Prince
2216:
2214:
2148:
724:, while the last two had eleven; all six ships had a
482:
being rammed by a merchant vessel, both in 1884, and
2697:
2382:
2138:
2136:
2211:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
895:The first four ships had a designed speed of 13.5
2634:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860â1905
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
840:were powered by a single horizontal, 3-cylinder,
391:in the late 1870s and 1880s. The class comprised
2984:
921:both made 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph).
16:Screw corvette class of the German Imperial Navy
2113:
633:class were 70.6 meters (231 ft 8 in)
2902:
2160:
2888:
2756:
2048:in January 1902 to free her name for the new
503:later in their careers, as dedicated gunnery
2058:
2043:
2029:
2013:
2001:
1991:
1982:
1976:
1968:
1945:
1939:
1919:
1891:
1882:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1847:
1840:
1830:
1821:
1777:
1768:
1755:
1749:
1743:
1706:
1691:
1679:
1653:
1646:
1629:
1611:
1605:
1599:
1569:
1550:
1530:
1516:
1500:
1490:
1476:
1463:
1457:
1439:
1416:
1385:
1375:
1363:
1347:operations, which included the capture of a
1314:
1272:
1247:
1217:
1186:
1155:
1124:
1035:
1017:
1013:sisters, they also had six revolver cannon.
1007:
1001:
978:
956:
950:
940:The ships were equipped with a three-masted
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
875:
869:
863:
857:
835:
829:
820:
808:, two cutters, two yawls, and two dinghies.
787:
781:
775:
769:
768:had 10 officers and 265 enlisted.
720:sternposts. The first four vessels had nine
699:
693:
628:
618:
601:
588:
569:
550:
536:
526:
520:
514:
508:
498:
492:
483:
477:
467:
384:
372:
359:
82:
72:
62:
1877:spread to the ship, forcing her to go into
1313:Her second deployment came in 1886 and saw
743:, though they handled well in bad weather.
2895:
2881:
2770:
2763:
2749:
1448:for a year and a half. During the cruise,
609:
637:and 76.35 m (250 ft 6 in)
2454:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 1
2437:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 1
2425:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 1
2413:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 1
2401:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 1
2377:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 7
2365:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 7
2353:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 7
2341:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 6
2329:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 6
2317:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 6
2305:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 6
2293:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 6
2281:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 6
2269:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 2
2257:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 2
2245:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 1
2233:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 7
2206:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 6
2191:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 2
2108:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 2
1914:
1816:
1673:
1544:
1411:
1241:
815:
613:
1582:. After observing the aftermath of the
2985:
2719:
2492:
2477:
2465:
1684:, featuring a painting of the ship by
1610:off Brazil in 1893 in response to the
1028:8.8 cm (3.5 in) SK L/30 guns
739:badly and lost significant speed in a
731:Steering was controlled with a single
2876:
2744:
2652:
2154:
688:was applied to protect the wood from
2705:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
2676:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
2671:
2638:. Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press.
2388:
2090:
2078:
1362:After returning to Germany in 1891,
1032:5 cm (2.0 in) SK L/40 guns
535:. Between 1904 and 1908, all of the
216:76.35 m (250 ft 6 in)
987:of ten 15 cm (5.9 in) 22-
13:
2862:List of screw corvettes of Germany
2691:
2515:
2220:
2142:
1793:, including at the German base in
1237:
645:of 12.5 m (41 ft) and a
342:2 Ă 8.7 cm (3.4 in) guns
339:10 Ă 15 cm (5.9 in) guns
232:4.98 m (16 ft 4 in)
14:
3004:
593:class was based on the preceding
2629:
2175:
1495:was badly damaged by a powerful
99:
24:
2703:The Kaiser's Cruisers 1871â1918
2493:Gottschall, Terrell D. (2003).
1285:to protect German interests in
302:(25.4 km/h; 15.8 mph)
1804:
1797:during the first two years of
1:
2657:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
2486:
2024:Jiaozhou Bay Leased Territory
1438:In the course of her career,
852:, which were ducted into two
842:double-expansion steam engine
460:Jiaozhou Bay Leased Territory
345:6 Ă 37 mm (1.5 in)
276:double-expansion steam engine
1789:. She ended her career as a
1252:arriving in Kiel in 1891 by
811:
627:The first four ships of the
7:
2701:; Nottelmann, Dirk (2021).
2672:Sondhaus, Lawrence (1997).
972:
10:
3009:
2904:Screw corvettes of Germany
2521:German Warships: 1815â1945
1931:
1810:
1724:landing parties ashore in
1667:
1562:
1450:Prince Heinrich of Prussia
1431:
1265:
792:had two picket boats, two
2910:
2857:
2831:
2781:
2653:Parkinson, Roger (2008).
1908:
1720:and the second to Spain.
1661:
1596:Chilean Civil War of 1891
1485:. While in the harbor at
1259:
1209:
1178:
1147:
1116:
1101:
1090:
1081:
1074:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
998:Hotchkiss revolver cannon
558:
347:Hotchkiss revolver cannon
178:
46:
41:in Hong Kong in the 1880s
23:
2468:, pp. 167â169, 185.
2066:
1967:to strengthen the local
1961:German South West Africa
1576:International Polar Year
1538:
1047:
983:class were armed with a
844:that drove one 2-bladed
568:available to the German
549:, with the exception of
448:German South West Africa
224:12.5 m (41 ft)
1624:First Sino-Japanese War
1483:First Battle of Vailele
1405:
1295:German Southwest Africa
728:under the engine room.
722:watertight compartments
610:General characteristics
179:General characteristics
2993:Carola-class corvettes
2059:
2044:
2030:
2014:
2002:
1992:
1983:
1977:
1969:
1946:
1940:
1929:
1920:
1892:
1883:
1869:
1863:
1861:, ran out of coal and
1857:
1848:
1841:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1778:
1769:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1707:
1692:
1688:
1680:
1654:
1647:
1630:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1570:
1560:
1551:
1531:
1517:
1501:
1491:
1477:
1464:
1458:
1440:
1429:
1417:
1386:
1376:
1364:
1315:
1273:
1256:
1248:
1218:
1187:
1156:
1125:
1036:
1018:
1008:
1002:
979:
957:
951:
929:
923:
917:
911:
905:
876:
870:
864:
858:
836:
830:
826:
821:
788:
782:
776:
770:
700:
694:
629:
624:
619:
602:
589:
570:
551:
541:-class corvettes were
537:
531:was instead used as a
527:
521:
515:
509:
499:
493:
484:
478:
468:
433:German colonial empire
385:
373:
360:
83:
73:
63:
2722:Warship International
2499:Naval Institute Press
1918:
1826:sometime c. 1886â1895
1820:
1754:sailed to Chile join
1677:
1548:
1425:harbor following the
1415:
1245:
819:
708:instead of zinc. The
635:long at the waterline
617:
454:âand in the Pacific,
2480:, pp. 204, 218.
2036:SpanishâAmerican War
1652:expensive to return
1580:South Georgia Island
1508:s crew were able to
1333:Karl August Deinhard
1044:of unrecorded type.
1024:10.5 cm SK L/35 guns
901:indicated horsepower
472:running aground off
383:built by the German
107:Imperial German Navy
2439:, pp. 246â247.
2415:, pp. 220â221.
2403:, pp. 219â220.
2367:, pp. 173â175.
2355:, pp. 172â173.
2307:, pp. 198â199.
2283:, pp. 197â198.
2271:, pp. 171â173.
2259:, pp. 170â171.
2093:, pp. 136â137.
2081:, pp. 116â117.
2020:Otto von Diederichs
1678:An old postcard of
1329:Karl Eduard Heusner
1054:
969:for light weapons.
379:was a group of six
1930:
1828:
1689:
1620:East Asia Division
1584:War of the Pacific
1561:
1430:
1321:German East Africa
1319:alternate between
1257:
1053:Construction data
1052:
827:
737:rolled and pitched
625:
572:Kaiserliche Marine
452:German East Africa
387:Kaiserliche Marine
2980:
2979:
2870:
2869:
2712:978-1-68247-745-8
2683:978-1-55750-745-7
2645:978-0-85177-133-5
2530:978-0-87021-790-6
2508:978-1-55750-309-1
2331:, pp. 41â42.
2319:, pp. 40â41.
2157:, pp. 78â79.
1934:SMS Arcona (1885)
1870:Revolta da Armada
1698:Friedrich Wilhelm
1636:protected cruiser
1614:Revolta da Armada
1598:, before joining
1427:1889 Apia cyclone
1341:German New Guinea
1254:Fritz Stoltenberg
1235:
1234:
1219:Kaiserliche Werft
1189:Kaiserliche Werft
1171:10 November 1881
1158:Kaiserliche Werft
1109:11 December 1880
1097:1 September 1881
1094:27 November 1880
977:The ships of the
850:fire-tube boilers
578:ironclad warships
456:German New Guinea
368:
367:
250:metric horsepower
244:fire-tube boilers
126:Succeeded by
75:Kaiserliche Werft
65:Kaiserliche Werft
3000:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2874:
2873:
2775:-class corvettes
2765:
2758:
2751:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2716:
2687:
2668:
2649:
2637:
2626:
2603:
2580:
2557:
2534:
2512:
2481:
2475:
2469:
2463:
2457:
2451:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2422:
2416:
2410:
2404:
2398:
2392:
2386:
2380:
2374:
2368:
2362:
2356:
2350:
2344:
2338:
2332:
2326:
2320:
2314:
2308:
2302:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2272:
2266:
2260:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2223:, p. 90â91.
2218:
2209:
2203:
2194:
2188:
2179:
2173:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2140:
2111:
2105:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2076:
2062:
2047:
2033:
2017:
2005:
1995:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1949:
1943:
1923:
1899:floating battery
1895:
1886:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1851:
1844:
1834:
1825:
1781:
1775:
1772:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1710:
1695:
1686:Christopher Rave
1683:
1657:
1650:
1642:Prinzess Wilhelm
1633:
1617:
1609:
1603:
1573:
1559:in the mid-1880s
1554:
1534:
1520:
1507:
1504:
1494:
1480:
1467:
1461:
1443:
1420:
1389:
1379:
1367:
1357:Hermann Wissmann
1325:Eduard von Knorr
1318:
1279:Carola of Saxony
1276:
1251:
1231:1 December 1886
1221:
1202:7 February 1885
1192:
1161:
1130:
1055:
1051:
1039:
1021:
1011:
1005:
982:
960:
954:
932:
926:
920:
914:
908:
879:
873:
867:
861:
839:
833:
824:
791:
785:
779:
773:
706:copper sheathing
703:
697:
632:
622:
605:
598:-class corvettes
592:
575:
554:
540:
530:
524:
518:
512:
502:
496:
487:
481:
471:
390:
376:
363:
358:Figures are for
327:246 enlisted men
105:
103:
102:
88:
78:
68:
28:
21:
20:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2906:
2901:
2871:
2866:
2853:
2827:
2777:
2769:
2713:
2694:
2692:Further reading
2684:
2665:
2646:
2623:
2600:
2577:
2554:
2531:
2509:
2489:
2484:
2476:
2472:
2464:
2460:
2452:
2443:
2435:
2431:
2423:
2419:
2411:
2407:
2399:
2395:
2387:
2383:
2375:
2371:
2363:
2359:
2351:
2347:
2339:
2335:
2327:
2323:
2315:
2311:
2303:
2299:
2291:
2287:
2279:
2275:
2267:
2263:
2255:
2251:
2243:
2239:
2231:
2227:
2219:
2212:
2204:
2197:
2189:
2182:
2174:
2161:
2153:
2149:
2141:
2114:
2106:
2097:
2089:
2085:
2077:
2073:
2069:
1996:and two of her
1936:
1913:
1890:In March 1895,
1815:
1813:SMS Alexandrine
1809:
1773:
1672:
1666:
1588:overseas empire
1567:
1543:
1505:
1436:
1410:
1353:Abushiri revolt
1270:
1264:
1240:
1238:Service history
1205:6 October 1886
1174:10 August 1882
1140:20 August 1881
1112:9 January 1882
1050:
975:
846:screw propeller
814:
612:
561:
474:New Mecklenburg
381:screw corvettes
270:screw propeller
237:Installed power
100:
98:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3006:
2996:
2995:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2967:
2960:
2952:
2944:
2936:
2928:
2920:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2900:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2877:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2842:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2768:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2728:(3): 197â241.
2717:
2711:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2682:
2669:
2663:
2650:
2644:
2627:
2621:
2604:
2598:
2581:
2575:
2558:
2552:
2535:
2529:
2513:
2507:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2470:
2458:
2456:, p. 247.
2441:
2429:
2427:, p. 221.
2417:
2405:
2393:
2391:, p. 155.
2381:
2379:, p. 175.
2369:
2357:
2345:
2333:
2321:
2309:
2297:
2295:, p. 198.
2285:
2273:
2261:
2249:
2247:, p. 219.
2237:
2235:, p. 172.
2225:
2210:
2208:, p. 199.
2195:
2193:, p. 173.
2180:
2178:, p. 252.
2159:
2147:
2112:
2110:, p. 170.
2095:
2083:
2070:
2068:
2065:
1932:Main article:
1912:
1907:
1811:Main article:
1808:
1803:
1668:Main article:
1665:
1660:
1563:Main article:
1555:, probably in
1542:
1537:
1527:naval register
1432:Main article:
1409:
1404:
1299:Hermit Islands
1266:Main article:
1263:
1258:
1246:A painting of
1239:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1215:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1199:February 1882
1197:
1184:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1153:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1127:Reiherstieg AG
1122:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1080:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1049:
1046:
1042:machine cannon
993:breech-loading
974:
971:
963:military masts
947:training ships
935:nautical miles
813:
810:
611:
608:
560:
557:
505:training ships
458:and later the
366:
365:
356:
352:
351:
350:
349:
343:
340:
335:
331:
330:
329:
328:
325:
320:
316:
315:
312:nautical miles
308:
304:
303:
296:
292:
291:
285:
281:
280:
279:
278:
272:
264:
260:
259:
258:
257:
246:
238:
234:
233:
230:
226:
225:
222:
218:
217:
214:
210:
209:
195:
191:
190:
188:Screw corvette
185:
181:
180:
176:
175:
172:
168:
167:
164:
160:
159:
156:
152:
151:
148:
144:
143:
140:
136:
135:
127:
123:
122:
114:
110:
109:
96:
92:
91:
90:
89:
85:Reiherstieg AG
80:
70:
60:
53:
49:
48:
47:Class overview
44:
43:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3005:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2927:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2898:
2893:
2891:
2886:
2884:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2844:Followed by:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2835:Preceded by:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2780:
2776:
2774:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2754:
2752:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2699:Dodson, Aidan
2696:
2695:
2685:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2664:9781843833727
2660:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2628:
2624:
2622:9783782202671
2618:
2614:
2610:
2605:
2601:
2599:3-7822-0237-6
2595:
2591:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2576:9783782202107
2572:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2553:3-78220-237-6
2549:
2545:
2541:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2517:Gröner, Erich
2514:
2510:
2504:
2500:
2497:. Annapolis:
2496:
2491:
2490:
2479:
2474:
2467:
2462:
2455:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2438:
2433:
2426:
2421:
2414:
2409:
2402:
2397:
2390:
2385:
2378:
2373:
2366:
2361:
2354:
2349:
2343:, p. 42.
2342:
2337:
2330:
2325:
2318:
2313:
2306:
2301:
2294:
2289:
2282:
2277:
2270:
2265:
2258:
2253:
2246:
2241:
2234:
2229:
2222:
2217:
2215:
2207:
2202:
2200:
2192:
2187:
2185:
2177:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2156:
2151:
2145:, p. 90.
2144:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2109:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2092:
2087:
2080:
2075:
2071:
2064:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2050:light cruiser
2046:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2010:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1911:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1865:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1807:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1791:barracks ship
1788:
1787:
1780:
1771:
1765:
1763:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1734:Kingani river
1731:
1727:
1726:Dar es Salaam
1721:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1687:
1682:
1676:
1671:
1664:
1659:
1656:
1649:
1644:
1643:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1566:
1558:
1557:Wilhelmshaven
1553:
1547:
1541:
1536:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1513:
1511:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1466:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1446:show the flag
1442:
1435:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1408:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1372:
1366:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1283:Pacific Ocean
1280:
1275:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1250:
1244:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1168:January 1880
1167:
1165:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1056:
1045:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1014:
1010:
1004:
999:
994:
990:
986:
981:
970:
968:
967:fighting tops
964:
959:
953:
948:
943:
938:
936:
931:
925:
919:
913:
907:
902:
898:
893:
891:
888:) at 55
887:
883:
878:
872:
866:
860:
855:
851:
847:
843:
838:
832:
823:
818:
809:
807:
803:
799:
795:
790:
784:
778:
772:
767:
766:
761:
760:
754:
753:
748:
747:
742:
738:
734:
729:
727:
726:double bottom
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
702:
696:
691:
687:
683:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
659:
654:
653:
648:
644:
640:
636:
631:
621:
616:
607:
604:
599:
597:
591:
585:
583:
582:steam engines
579:
574:
573:
567:
556:
553:
548:
544:
539:
534:
533:barracks ship
529:
523:
517:
511:
506:
501:
495:
489:
486:
480:
475:
470:
465:
464:show the flag
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
440:
438:
434:
430:
429:
424:
423:
418:
417:
412:
411:
406:
405:
400:
396:
395:
389:
388:
382:
378:
375:
362:
357:
354:
353:
348:
344:
341:
338:
337:
336:
333:
332:
326:
323:
322:
321:
318:
317:
313:
309:
306:
305:
301:
297:
294:
293:
289:
286:
283:
282:
277:
273:
271:
267:
266:
265:
262:
261:
255:
251:
247:
245:
241:
240:
239:
236:
235:
231:
228:
227:
223:
220:
219:
215:
212:
211:
207:
203:
200:: 2,424
199:
196:
193:
192:
189:
186:
183:
182:
177:
173:
170:
169:
165:
162:
161:
157:
154:
153:
149:
147:In commission
146:
145:
141:
138:
137:
134:
133:
128:
125:
124:
121:
119:
115:
112:
111:
108:
97:
94:
93:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
61:
59:
56:
55:
54:
51:
50:
45:
40:
39:
34:
33:
27:
22:
19:
2970:
2963:
2955:
2954:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2847:
2837:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2772:
2771:
2725:
2721:
2702:
2673:
2654:
2633:
2612:
2608:
2589:
2585:
2566:
2562:
2543:
2539:
2520:
2494:
2473:
2461:
2432:
2420:
2408:
2396:
2384:
2372:
2360:
2348:
2336:
2324:
2312:
2300:
2288:
2276:
2264:
2252:
2240:
2228:
2150:
2086:
2074:
2053:
2028:
2008:
1998:sister ships
1989:
1971:Schutztruppe
1950:was kept in
1937:
1909:
1889:
1875:Yellow fever
1854:
1829:
1805:
1785:
1766:
1738:
1722:
1690:
1662:
1641:
1628:
1593:
1568:
1539:
1514:
1470:
1437:
1406:
1370:
1361:
1331:, and later
1312:
1308:torpedo tube
1277:, named for
1271:
1260:
1211:
1180:
1149:
1118:
1103:
1076:
1015:
976:
939:
894:
828:
764:
758:
751:
745:
730:
679:
657:
651:
639:long overall
626:
623:in the 1880s
595:
586:
562:
490:
441:
427:
421:
415:
409:
403:
393:
371:
369:
252:(2,335
194:Displacement
131:
117:
37:
31:
18:
2815:Alexandrine
2022:seized the
1984:Alexandrine
1941:Alexandrine
1893:Alexandrine
1884:Alexandrine
1864:Alexandrine
1842:Alexandrine
1832:Alexandrine
1823:Alexandrine
1806:Alexandrine
1799:World War I
1757:Alexandrine
1742:. In 1891,
1718:West Indies
1601:Alexandrine
1523:Spitzbergen
1515:From 1890,
1421:aground in
1382:target ship
1345:slave trade
1228:7 May 1885
1181:Alexandrine
1143:1 May 1883
1003:Alexandrine
924:Alexandrine
871:Alexandrine
771:Alexandrine
695:Alexandrine
680:The ships'
667:metric tons
652:Alexandrine
516:Alexandrine
422:Alexandrine
324:10 officers
113:Preceded by
2487:References
2478:Gottschall
2466:Gottschall
1965:field guns
1879:quarantine
1762:Valparaiso
1732:, and the
1670:SMS Sophie
1512:the ship.
1268:SMS Carola
1070:Completed
1064:Laid down
1030:, and two
884:(2.7
825:under sail
800:, and one
690:biofouling
263:Propulsion
2971:Charlotte
2846:SMS
2734:0043-0374
2155:Parkinson
1963:to carry
1795:Helgoland
1786:Gneisenau
1640:SMS
1565:SMS Marie
1489:in 1889,
1392:broken up
1337:East Asia
1291:Melanesia
1222:, Danzig
1083:AG Vulcan
1067:Launched
882:kilowatts
812:Machinery
714:sternpost
704:received
675:full load
671:long tons
663:displaced
641:, with a
566:corvettes
543:broken up
399:lead ship
284:Sail plan
206:long tons
198:Full load
163:Completed
150:1881â1905
142:1879â1886
130:SMS
95:Operators
58:AG Vulcan
2987:Category
2948:Bismarck
2838:Bismarck
2519:(1990).
2389:Sondhaus
2091:Sondhaus
2079:Sondhaus
1926:Nagasaki
1837:gunboats
1713:flagship
1473:Wituland
1434:SMS Olga
1061:Builder
1026:, eight
973:Armament
741:head sea
596:Bismarck
334:Armament
171:Scrapped
118:Bismarck
52:Builders
2940:Leipzig
2932:Ariadne
2924:Augusta
2040:Pohnpei
1952:reserve
1858:Leipzig
1751:Leipzig
1739:Leipzig
1510:salvage
1497:cyclone
1454:Kamerun
1400:Hamburg
1133:Hamburg
1087:Stettin
991:(cal.)
989:caliber
985:battery
854:funnels
794:cutters
669:(2,113
437:battery
204:(2,386
155:Planned
2956:Carola
2916:Nymphe
2822:Arcona
2808:Sophie
2787:Carola
2773:Carola
2732:
2709:
2680:
2661:
2642:
2619:
2596:
2573:
2550:
2527:
2505:
2221:Gröner
2143:Gröner
2060:Mercur
2054:Arcona
2045:Mercur
2031:Arcona
2015:Arcona
2003:Arcona
1993:Arcona
1957:Macuto
1947:Arcona
1928:, 1897
1921:Arcona
1910:Arcona
1903:Danzig
1779:Sophie
1770:Sophie
1745:Sophie
1708:Sophie
1693:Sophie
1681:Sophie
1663:Sophie
1607:Arcona
1387:Carola
1365:Carola
1316:Carola
1274:Carola
1261:Carola
1249:Carola
1212:Arcona
1164:Danzig
1150:Sophie
1077:Carola
1019:Carola
1009:Arcona
980:Carola
952:Carola
942:barque
930:Arcona
918:Sophie
906:Carola
877:Arcona
865:Sophie
831:Carola
806:launch
802:dinghy
796:, two
783:Carola
777:Arcona
759:Carola
746:Sophie
733:rudder
718:bronze
701:Arcona
665:2,147
658:Arcona
630:Carola
603:Carola
590:Carola
559:Design
552:Sophie
538:Carola
528:Sophie
510:Carola
494:Carola
479:Sophie
428:Arcona
425:, and
416:Sophie
397:, the
394:Carola
374:Carola
361:Carola
310:3,420
288:Barque
248:2,367
213:Length
104:
69:Danzig
32:Carola
2958:class
2950:class
2942:class
2934:class
2926:class
2918:class
2840:class
2801:Marie
2611:[
2588:[
2565:[
2542:[
2067:Notes
2009:Irene
1978:Marie
1938:Like
1849:Marie
1774:'
1730:Windi
1655:Marie
1648:Marie
1631:Marie
1571:Marie
1552:Marie
1540:Marie
1506:'
1396:scrap
1287:Samoa
1225:1881
1137:1880
1119:Marie
1091:1879
1058:Ship
1048:Ships
965:with
912:Marie
897:knots
890:volts
859:Marie
822:Marie
798:yawls
752:Marie
682:hulls
647:draft
547:scrap
522:Marie
469:Marie
410:Marie
377:class
355:Notes
307:Range
300:knots
298:13.7
295:Speed
229:Draft
139:Built
120:class
2964:Nixe
2848:Nixe
2794:Olga
2730:ISSN
2707:ISBN
2678:ISBN
2659:ISBN
2640:ISBN
2617:ISBN
2594:ISBN
2571:ISBN
2548:ISBN
2525:ISBN
2503:ISBN
2176:Lyon
1981:and
1748:and
1702:Togo
1604:and
1549:SMS
1532:Olga
1518:Olga
1502:Olga
1492:Olga
1487:Apia
1478:Olga
1465:Olga
1459:Olga
1441:Olga
1423:Apia
1418:Olga
1407:Olga
1394:for
1377:Olga
1374:and
1371:Mars
1349:dhow
1303:Buka
1289:and
1195:Kiel
1104:Olga
1037:Olga
1016:For
1006:and
958:Olga
955:and
927:and
915:and
874:and
862:and
837:Olga
834:and
789:Olga
786:and
774:and
765:Olga
749:and
712:and
710:stem
698:and
686:zinc
655:and
643:beam
620:Olga
545:for
500:Olga
497:and
485:Olga
476:and
450:and
444:Togo
404:Olga
370:The
319:Crew
274:1 Ă
268:1 Ă
242:8 Ă
221:Beam
184:Type
132:Nixe
79:Kiel
38:Olga
35:and
2726:LIX
1924:in
1901:in
1578:at
1398:in
564:of
290:rig
254:ihp
2989::
2724:.
2501:.
2444:^
2213:^
2198:^
2183:^
2162:^
2115:^
2098:^
2057:.
2012:.
1987:.
1944:,
1852:.
1764:.
1728:,
1645:.
1638:,
1626:.
1529:.
1402:.
1384:.
1359:.
1327:,
1310:.
1193:,
1162:,
1131:,
1085:,
1000:.
949:,
886:hp
856:.
692:.
446:,
419:,
413:,
407:,
401:,
2896:e
2889:t
2882:v
2764:e
2757:t
2750:v
2736:.
2715:.
2686:.
2667:.
2648:.
2625:.
2602:.
2579:.
2556:.
2533:.
2511:.
256:)
208:)
202:t
174:6
166:6
158:6
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