126:, founder of schools for professional training of women, while raising her own children. She gathered children of both sexes around her daughter and two sons, and chose teachers to work under her direction. The improvised school was very successful. Caroline de Barrau moved to Paris when needed for the education of her children and other pupils, and opened her home to young medical students, mostly foreign. She gave some of them financial support. Caroline de Barrau thought that women were prohibited from attending public universities in France more by custom than for legal reasons. The solution was to prepare women adequately for university study, and then enroll them. Her daughter Emilie, with other young women "intellectually prepared for work of university grade, appeared at the proper time and place for enrollment." They were admitted to study medicine at the
162:, raised the alarm. Defodon praised the inspectorate as a French tradition that made use of women's distinctive maternal talents. Caroline de Barrau noted that nursery schools had been founded as an initiative of women which the state then chose to support. She disparaged the regime by comparison to its predecessors, who had introduced inspectresses general. The unsatisfactory compromise was to dismiss or retire four of the inspectresses and retain the other four. In 1886–87 she and her friend Pauline Kergomard founded the
31:
82:, previously a male-only institution. She belonged to international feminist associations, investigated the conditions of working women in Paris, was a leader in the campaign to eliminate state-regulated prostitution, helped prostitutes reenter society after being released from prison and provided aid to abandoned infants. She was the author of several books on women's issues.
142:
visited them in Paris in 1881, and described
Caroline de Barrau as "an exceptional daughter of France of the aristocratic, protestant element." Harriot recorded, "It was during this visit in Paris that Madame de Barrau broached the idea that ... I should return for the winter to study economics at
93:
was born in Paris in 1828. Her family was of wealthy
Protestant landowners. She was well-educated in the Greek and Latin classics, modern languages and music. In 1848 she married M. de Barrau de Muratel, an embassy attaché, and during her marriage lived in the Montagnet chateau at Montagne-Noire du
243:
Caroline de Barrau reported that women workers in Paris, mostly employed seasonally, earned about two francs per day on average. This was a starvation wage. In an ordinance of 16 June 1879 the police authorized establishment of a French section of the
Federation for the Abolition of Prostitution,
133:
The Berry family, headed by a civil servant named
Gabriel Berry, lived with the Barrau family in their spacious villa in Paris and shared their commitment to giving their children an advanced education. Madame Berry managed domestic arrangements while Madame de Barrau formulated the educational
78:(1828–1888) was a wealthy French educationalist, feminist, author and philanthropist. She became interested in the education of girls, created a school in Paris where her daughter was taught, and encouraged her daughter and other young women to successfully apply for admission to the
102:(1870–71). She converted her Montagnet chateau into a hospital, where she brought forty wounded from the battlefield of the Loire. They were infected by smallpox, but thirty-nine survived. She took an interest in psychic phenomena. Dr.
252:(1804–1893) as president. The association included feminists, radicals and abolitionists. The most active organizers of the French Association for the Abolition of Official Prostitution were the feminist leaders
240:
206:
also participated. Because of the broad range of opinions, the group decided to focus on the subject of improving girls' education. Caroline de Barrau was a member of the
98:. Caroline de Barrau was simultaneously pro-republican and elitist. Although both cosmopolitan and an early feminist, she was a patriot during the
150:
In 1884 the French
Chamber's budget commission considered eliminating all inspectresses general of nursery schools. The women's teachers' journal
803:
671:
798:
757:
730:
703:
654:
627:
600:
573:
546:
208:
808:
212:(AIF) formed in 1868. By 1872 the AIF was viewed with suspicion, since the word "International" was associated with the
619:
The
Selected Papers of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony: Their Place Inside the Body-Politic, 1887 to 1895
220:. In June 1872 Caroline de Barrau was one of the signatories of a communiqué calling for a meeting at the home of
818:
749:
The
Selected Papers of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony: When clowns make laws for queens 1880 to 1887
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793:
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166:(French union for rescuing children). This society gave aid to children who had been abandoned.
221:
139:
747:
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563:
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783:
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La mission de la femme et en particulier son rĂ´le dans l'Ă©ducation religieuse de l'enfance
8:
265:
127:
99:
79:
249:
228:(Solidarity: Association for the Defense of Women's Rights). Other signatories included
688:
285:Élisa Lemonnier, fondatrice de la Société pour l'enseignement professionnel des femmes
143:
the famous School of
Political Economy" in Paris. In 1883 Caroline de Barrau escorted
123:
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650:
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538:
The Rise of
Professional Women in France: Gender and Public Administration since 1830
260:
and
Caroline de Barrau. For some years Caroline de Barrau led the institution of the
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Caroline de Barrau became interested in educational issues, and won the respect of
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around Paris. Anthony was grateful for the fact that she spoke English.
241:
International Federation for the Abolition of Regulated Prostitution
95:
565:
Women for Hire: Prostitution and Sexuality in France After 1850
332:. Fédération britannique, continentale et générale. p. 66.
226:
Solidarité: Association pour la défense des droits de la femme
246:
Association pour l'abolition de la prostitution réglementée
16:
French educationalist, feminist, author and philanthropist
690:
France and Women, 1789-1914: Gender, Society and Politics
592:
Harriot Stanton Blatch and the Winning of Woman Suffrage
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through her, and she also belonged to the circle of Dr.
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Molin, Isaure André du; Barrau, Caroline de (1870).
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134:theories and plans. The Berrys were the in-laws of
69:
Educationalist, feminist, author and philanthropist
722:European Feminisms, 1700-1950: A Political History
687:
452:
176:Société pour la Revendication du Droit des Femmes
775:
329:Étude sur le salaire du travail féminin à Paris
164:Union française pour le sauvetage de l'Enfance
314:
224:in Bern to organize a new association called
315:Leblois, Louis; Barrau, Caroline De (1870).
310:. Librairie de Jöel Cherbuliez. p. 268.
268:, mostly prostitutes, to return to society.
292:
271:Caroline de Barrau died in Paris in 1888.
232:, Christine Lazzati, Rosalie Schönwasser,
29:
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216:, and was divided over the leadership of
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746:Stanton, Elizabeth Cady (2006-07-18).
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239:At the 1877 congress in Geneva of the
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209:Association internationale des femmes
174:In 1866 a feminist group called the
674:. Institute Français de l'éducation
288:. impr. de É. Voitelain. p. 8.
264:, which helped former prisoners of
13:
589:DuBois, Ellen Carol (1999-10-01).
14:
830:
804:19th-century French women writers
686:McMillan, James F. (2002-01-08).
340:Les Femmes de la campagne Ă Paris
117:
541:. Cambridge University Press.
535:Clark, Linda L. (2000-12-21).
178:began to meet at the house of
1:
725:. Stanford University Press.
349:
321:. J. Cherbuliez. p. 162.
299:. J. Cherbuliez. p. 332.
799:French educational theorists
752:. Rutgers University Press.
622:. Rutgers University Press.
568:. Harvard University Press.
562:Corbin, Alain (1996-09-01).
337:Barrau, Caroline de (1884).
326:Barrau, Caroline de (1878).
304:Barrau, Caroline de (1870).
282:Barrau, Caroline de (1868).
7:
670:Kergomard, Pauline (2014).
169:
10:
835:
809:19th-century women writers
616:Gordon, Ann (2009-06-10).
527:
91:Caroline-Françoise Coulomb
42:Caroline-Françoise Coulomb
595:. Yale University Press.
198:and his wife Noémie, Mme
65:
53:
37:
28:
21:
719:Offen, Karen M. (2000).
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262:Libérées de Saint-Lazare
202:and Caroline de Barrau.
307:La femme et l'Ă©ducation
85:
819:19th-century feminists
222:Julie von May von Rued
140:Harriot Stanton Blatch
694:. Routledge. p.
646:The Spiritist Fallacy
643:Guénon, René (2004).
672:"Barrau (Madame de)"
296:Journal et fragments
649:. Sophia Perennis.
182:. Members included
128:University of Paris
100:Franco-Prussian War
80:University of Paris
814:Writers from Paris
152:L'Ami de l'enfance
76:Caroline de Barrau
23:Caroline de Barrau
759:978-0-8135-2320-0
732:978-0-8047-3420-2
705:978-1-134-58957-9
656:978-0-900588-72-3
629:978-0-8135-6440-1
602:978-0-300-08068-1
575:978-0-674-95544-8
548:978-1-139-42686-2
258:Emilie de Morsier
236:and Julie KĂĽhne.
156:Pauline Kergomard
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234:Marianne Menzzer
230:Josephine Butler
145:Susan B. Anthony
136:Theodore Stanton
108:Madame Blavatsky
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763:. Retrieved
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94:Tarn, above
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789:1888 deaths
784:1828 births
519:Corbin 1996
507:Corbin 1996
447:Gordon 2009
420:DuBois 1999
408:Guénon 2004
396:DuBois 1999
244:called the
218:Marie Goegg
200:Jules Simon
196:Élie Reclus
184:Paule Minck
112:Paul Gibier
778:Categories
765:2014-10-23
738:2014-10-23
711:2014-10-23
678:2014-10-22
662:2014-10-23
635:2014-10-23
608:2014-10-23
581:2014-09-26
554:2014-10-23
495:Offen 2000
483:Offen 2000
459:Clark 2000
350:References
180:André Léo
170:Feminist
528:Sources
248:, with
756:
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599:
572:
545:
96:Sorèze
275:Works
754:ISBN
727:ISBN
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158:and
86:Life
57:1888
54:Died
45:1828
38:Born
696:130
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