41:
433:
248:
240:
425:
3344:
48:
367:
places the event on a winter evening shortly after the village's residents had gone to sleep (consistent with the 9pm reconstructed time). Every community on
Pachena Bay was wiped out except for Masit on a mountainside 75 feet (23 m) above sea level. The only other Panchena Bay survivor was a
506:
Recent findings conclude that the
Cascadia subduction zone is more complex and volatile than previously believed. In 2010, geologists predicted a 37% chance of a magnitude 8.2+ event within 50 years, and a 10% to 15% chance that the entire Cascadia subduction zone will rupture with a magnitude 9+
351:
describing a great earthquake and inundation exist among indigenous coastal peoples from
British Columbia to Northern California. These do not specify a date, and not all earthquake stories in the region can be ascribed to the 1700 quake; however, virtually all of the native peoples in the region
487:
might be sheltered from the full brunt of a tsunami. These cities do have many vulnerable structures, especially bridges and unreinforced brick buildings; consequently, most of the damage to the cities would probably be from the earthquake itself. One expert asserts that buildings in
Seattle are
530:
have rebuilt their administration building on a high point in their territory; coastal residents are immediately evacuated to this building whenever a tsunami warning is issued, as an interim measure toward eventually relocating all residents to higher ground. The
525:
The confirmation of their oral traditions about a great earthquake has led many aboriginal groups in the area to initiate projects to relocate their coastal communities to higher and safer ground in preparation for the predicted next earthquake. The
323:, killed by lowering of coastal forests into the tidal zone by the earthquake, have outermost growth rings that formed in 1699, the last growing season before the tsunami. This includes both inland stands of trees, such as one on the
467:, subduction zone earthquakes can cause large tsunamis, and many coastal areas in the region have prepared tsunami evacuation plans in anticipation of a possible future Cascadia earthquake. However, the major nearby cities, notably
539:. The Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe also sought federal funding to move their community uphill receiving a FEMA PDM grant to build the first vertical evacuation tower on their coast, completed near the Tokeland Marina in 2022.
542:
In 2023, Washington scientists reported on a detailed study of a high-pressure and high-temperature seafloor seep, likely on the plate boundary, offshore of Oregon. The first seep found on the CSZ, it has been named
975:
1003:
330:
Sediment layers in these locations demonstrate a pattern consistent with seismic and tsunami events around this time. Core samples from the ocean floor, as well as debris samples from some earthquake-induced
507:
event within the same time frame. Geologists have also determined the
Pacific Northwest is not prepared for such an earthquake. The tsunami produced could reach heights of 80 to 100 feet (24 to 30 m).
826:
335:
in the
Pacific Northwest, also support this timing of the event. Archaeological research in the region has uncovered evidence of several coastal villages having been flooded and abandoned around 1700.
1786:
1025:
1255:
1044:
Witter, Robert C.; Kelsey, Harvey M.; Hemphill-Haley, Eileen (October 2003). "Great
Cascadia earthquakes and tsunamis of the past 6700 years, Coquille River estuary, southern coastal Oregon".
550:
Some other subduction zones have major earthquakes every 100 to 200 years; the longer interval here may indicate unusually large stress buildup and subsequent unusually large earthquake slip.
275:). Although there are no written records for the region from the time, the timing of the earthquake has been inferred from Japanese records of a tsunami that does not correlate with any other
1513:
731:
Kenji Satake; Kunihiko
Shimazaki; Yoshinobu Tsuji; Kazue Ueda (18 January 1996). "Time and size of a giant earthquake in Cascadia inferred from Japanese tsunami records of January 1700".
1346:
535:
people secured a land grant from the US government in 2012 to move their settlement inland, both as protection from a future tsunami threat and because of more frequent flooding on the
1287:
1217:
Leonard, Lucinda J.; Hyndman, Roy D.; Mazzotti, Stéphane (2004). "Coseismic subsidence in the 1700 great
Cascadia earthquake: Coastal estimates versus elastic dislocation models".
2710:
972:
3190:
931:
2401:
1000:
856:
Ruth S. Ludwin; Robert Dennis; Deborah Carver; Alan D. McMillan; Robert Losey; John Clague; Chris
Jonientz-Trisler; Janine Bowechop; Jacilee Wray; Karen James (2005),
3563:
1188:
3573:
1316:
1117:
394:
stories from Washington speak of a great night-time earthquake, of which the only survivors were those who immediately fled inland before the tsunami hit. The
823:
566:
eruption in British Columbia, Canada. However, recent investigations using radiocarbon dating and dendrochronology date the Bonneville landslide around 1450.
3649:
382:(Kwakiutl) stories from the north end of Vancouver Island report a night-time earthquake that caused virtually all houses in their community to collapse;
807:
1793:
359:
since the eventâwhich suggest a date range in the late 1600s or early 1700s, or which concur with the event's timing in other ways. For instance, the
40:
514:(caused by subsidence of coastal land) along the Cascadia subduction zone. It postulated that cities on the west coast of Vancouver Island, such as
1524:
1440:
1265:
3183:
2218:
651:
3274:
2394:
1463:
499:'s Region X, the division responsible for Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and Alaska, stated, "Our operating assumption is that everything west of
3152:
1295:
344:
3639:
3378:
3176:
2730:
1633:
3644:
3629:
3199:
2387:
2282:
857:
3619:
2410:
596:
303:
The most important clue linking the tsunami in Japan and the earthquake in the Pacific Northwest comes from studies of tree rings (
2312:
581:
232:. Japanese tsunami records, along with reconstructions of the wave moving across the ocean, put the earthquake at about 9:00 PM
120:
3654:
2539:
2062:
1648:
712:
256:
464:
398:
people in Washington have a story about a flood so powerful that villagers in their canoes were swept inland all the way to
3634:
3530:
3515:
3071:
2680:
2454:
2302:
1944:
3614:
2855:
2459:
2211:
1370:"Fluid sources and overpressures within the central Cascadia Subduction Zone revealed by a warm, high-flux seafloor seep"
496:
17:
221:. The plate slipped an average of 20 meters (66 ft) along a fault rupture about 1,000 kilometers (620 miles) long.
3624:
3267:
3091:
2840:
2695:
1760:
1196:
1012:
984:
834:
1700:
Atwater, Brian F.; Musumi-Rokkaku, Satoko; Satake, Kenji; Tsuji, Yoshinobu; Ueda, Kazue; Yamaguchi, David K. (2015) .
1135:
522:, are at risk for a 1-to-2-metre (3 ft 3 in to 6 ft 7 in) subsidence, relative to mean sea level.
3558:
2715:
2484:
1779:
1735:
1665:
456:. There is evidence of at least 13 events at intervals from about 300 to 900 years with an average of 570â590 years.
327:
in Washington, and pockets of tree stumps that are now under the ocean surface and become exposed only at low tide.
3358:
3222:
3036:
2850:
2760:
2685:
2595:
2580:
2424:
2307:
2277:
2170:
1324:
647:
586:
576:
559:
61:
1649:
USGS Scientist Shows Evidence for 300-Year-Old Tsunami to Participants in International Tsunami Training Institute
3604:
3142:
3001:
2880:
2845:
2805:
2600:
2353:
2139:
1960:
1755:
1683:
1674:
700:
437:
3609:
3599:
3216:
3081:
3056:
2966:
2905:
2675:
2645:
2514:
2358:
2261:
2204:
2078:
1986:
1802:
1643:
956:
704:
641:
601:
66:
3260:
3147:
3086:
3026:
2720:
2655:
2625:
2615:
2575:
2534:
2429:
2368:
2227:
1661:
1347:"Warm liquid spewing from Oregon seafloor comes from Cascadia fault, could offer clues to earthquake hazards"
591:
489:
272:
1981:
1904:
2900:
2870:
2785:
2775:
2740:
2585:
2519:
2509:
460:
3234:
3157:
3076:
2981:
2925:
2875:
2860:
2835:
2815:
2800:
2770:
2755:
2750:
2735:
2705:
2610:
2554:
2549:
2504:
2469:
2363:
2297:
2287:
1680:
Fault slip and seismic moment of the 1700 Cascadia earthquake inferred from Japanese tsunami descriptions
1448:
1169:"Odds are about 1-in-3 that mega-earthquake will hit Pacific Northwest in next 50 years, scientists say"
3659:
3594:
3383:
3116:
3046:
2971:
2961:
2930:
2920:
2910:
2895:
2825:
2780:
2665:
2650:
2544:
2524:
2499:
2474:
2449:
2434:
2292:
2256:
2241:
2129:
2124:
2083:
2016:
811:
480:
2042:
1706:(Professional Paper). Professional Paper (in English and Japanese) (2nd ed.). USGS. p. 146.
103:
3495:
3240:
3066:
3041:
2946:
2690:
2670:
2635:
2570:
2348:
2144:
2088:
1934:
1924:
1919:
1862:
1821:
2185:
1699:
1491:
1464:"The Evolving Landscape of the Columbia River Gorge: Lewis and Clark and Cataclysms on the Columbia"
3465:
3106:
3051:
3031:
3021:
3016:
3011:
2976:
2915:
2890:
2820:
2765:
2605:
2444:
2322:
2317:
2251:
2175:
2134:
2047:
2001:
1929:
1909:
1836:
1679:
1099:
527:
449:
360:
194:
155:
2011:
1288:"Coastal Washington tribe creates higher ground by building tsunami tower, first of its type here"
785:
3228:
3101:
3006:
2956:
2885:
2700:
2620:
2494:
2479:
2464:
2180:
2149:
2119:
2057:
1939:
1914:
1883:
1857:
1826:
1688:
1168:
1164:
1139:
284:
1831:
639:
3568:
3132:
3096:
3061:
2996:
2951:
2865:
2830:
2810:
2795:
2790:
2745:
2725:
2660:
2640:
2630:
2529:
2489:
2343:
2327:
2109:
2093:
2037:
2032:
2006:
1996:
1976:
1888:
1878:
1852:
445:
198:
3470:
3137:
3111:
2991:
2986:
2590:
1991:
973:"Cascadiaâs Locked Fault Means Massive Earthquake Is Due in Pacific Northwest: Seismologists"
932:"Earth will rip open like a zipper, expert says, when overdue Vancouver Island quake strikes"
616:
413:
202:
165:
1548:
292:
3373:
3343:
3319:
2165:
2114:
2052:
1707:
1592:
1381:
1228:
1053:
912:"Tsunamis and Earthquakes â Native American Legends of Tsunamis in Pacific NW â USGS PCMSC"
872:
740:
611:
1080:
888:
8:
855:
218:
1711:
1596:
1385:
1232:
1057:
876:
744:
3331:
1483:
1402:
1369:
1030:
756:
730:
484:
386:
stories from Vancouver Island's inner coast speak of a nighttime earthquake, causing a
320:
206:
3252:
558:
It was once conjectured that the Cascadia earthquake may also have been linked to the
416:, as well as cultural signifiers such as earthquake-inspired ritual masks and dances.
3550:
3449:
3368:
3314:
3308:
1731:
1610:
1487:
1407:
708:
693:
544:
288:
268:
247:
233:
214:
3168:
1670:
911:
3540:
3520:
3444:
3326:
2379:
1727:
1723:
1715:
1703:
The orphan tsunami of 1700 â Japanese clues to a parent earthquake in North America
1600:
1475:
1397:
1389:
1236:
1061:
880:
760:
748:
695:
The Orphan Tsunami of 1700 â Japanese Clues to a Parent Earthquake in North America
655:
606:
536:
472:
379:
347:
had no known written documentation like that of the Japanese tsunami, but numerous
304:
280:
210:
858:"Dating the 1700 Cascadia Earthquake: Great Coastal Earthquakes in Native Stories"
3510:
3505:
3301:
1425:
1007:
1001:"Haida Gwaii Quake Brings Home the Importance of Quileute Relocation Legislation"
979:
830:
432:
383:
436:
A scenario of a magnitude 9.0 earthquake on the Cascadia subduction zone by the
352:
have at least one traditional story of an event of unmatched destructive power.
239:
3500:
3419:
3404:
808:"Jan. 26, 1700: How Scientists Know When The Last Big Earthquake Happened Here"
790:
781:
511:
348:
1701:
1639:
424:
3588:
3490:
3475:
3439:
1765:
1614:
1553:
1260:
684:
373:
363:
legend of a large earthquake and ocean wave devastating their settlements at
324:
312:
135:
122:
1581:"Was the January 26th, 1700 Cascadia Earthquake Part of a Rupture Sequence?"
3434:
3429:
3424:
3414:
3409:
3399:
1771:
1693:
1411:
1393:
1219:
1173:
1143:
936:
884:
688:
500:
308:
1479:
183:
Many Native Americans killed or displaced by shaking or subsequent tsunami
3525:
1634:
Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquakes: A magnitude 9.0 earthquake scenario
1605:
1580:
640:
National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) (1972),
405:
364:
276:
2196:
1689:
Japanese Shipwreck Adds To Evidence Of Great Cascadia Earthquake In 1700
368:
young woman named Anacla aq sop, who happened to be staying that day at
3485:
1136:"Odds Are 1-In-3 That A Huge Quake Will Hit Northwest In Next 50 Years"
563:
488:
inadequate even to withstand an event of the size of the magnitude 7.9
399:
356:
355:
Some of the stories contain temporal cluesâsuch as a time estimate in
3535:
3295:
1240:
1065:
752:
659:
476:
409:
387:
332:
1751:
683:
671:
3480:
1761:
Big earthquake coming sooner than we thought, Oregon geologist says
1719:
532:
519:
395:
1118:"A Major Earthquake in the Pacific Northwest Looks Even Likelier"
468:
453:
369:
252:
225:
1317:"Here's Where the U.S. Is Testing a New Response to Rising Seas"
1256:"Monster earthquake threat looms over B.C. coastal communities"
515:
316:
279:
quake. The Japanese records exist primarily in the modern-day
228:
which struck the west coast of North America and the coast of
408:
research has focused on a common regional pattern of art and
391:
229:
1752:
Surviving a Tsunami â Lessons from Chile, Hawaii, and Japan
547:', and may play a role in the regulation of overpressures.
1043:
444:
The geological record reveals that great earthquakes with
255:
caused by the 1700 earthquake, exposed on the bank of the
553:
3282:
1163:
452:
about every 500 years on average, often accompanied by
1521:
Columbia Gorge Interpretive Center Museum Explorations
1216:
510:
A 2004 study revealed the potential for relative mean
3198:
691:; Yoshinobu, T.; Kazue, U.; Yamaguchi, D. K. (2005).
27:
Megathrust earthquake in the Pacific Northwest region
2409:
699:. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1707.
692:
1671:Native American Legends of Tsunamis in Pacific NW
1367:
3586:
1438:
925:
923:
921:
47:
1655:
1636:â The Cascadia Region Earthquake Workgroup 2005
1097:
1441:"Great Cascadia Earthquake Penrose Conference"
780:
414:great battle between a thunderbird and a whale
3268:
3184:
2395:
2212:
1787:
918:
1801:
1585:Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
1461:
1078:
251:Sandsheet thought to have resulted from the
3650:Megathrust earthquakes in the United States
1338:
996:
994:
776:
774:
772:
770:
3275:
3261:
3191:
3177:
2402:
2388:
2219:
2205:
1794:
1780:
1432:
2226:
1604:
1541:
1401:
267:The earthquake took place at about 21:00
104:
991:
929:
851:
849:
847:
845:
843:
767:
597:List of earthquakes in the United States
431:
423:
246:
238:
1523:(Fall-Winter 2009): 2â3. Archived from
1511:
1505:
1455:
582:1949 Queen Charlotte Islands earthquake
372:, located on the less-tsunami-impacted
197:on January 26, 1700, with an estimated
14:
3587:
1662:Native American Stories expand history
1578:
1549:"10,000 years of Cascadia earthquakes"
1344:
1046:Geological Society of America Bulletin
957:"Prepare for next tsunami, says chief"
635:
633:
298:
3256:
3172:
2383:
2200:
1775:
1253:
840:
803:
801:
560:Bridge of the Gods â Bonneville Slide
554:Bridge of the Gods â Bonneville Slide
1428:. Pacific Northwest Seismic Network.
1418:
726:
724:
677:
338:
3283:Early history of Oregon (1500â1806)
1462:O'Connor, Jim E. (September 2004).
630:
236:on the evening of 26 January 1700.
24:
1745:
1572:
1013:Indian Country Today Media Network
985:Indian Country Today Media Network
930:Meissner, Dirk (18 January 2015),
835:American Museum of Natural History
798:
643:Significant Earthquake Information
465:2011 TĆhoku earthquake and tsunami
25:
3671:
3640:Earthquakes in Washington (state)
3200:Earthquakes in Washington (state)
1666:Pacific Northwest Seismic Network
1622:
1368:Brendan T. Philip (25 Jan 2023).
1254:Munro, Margaret (March 8, 2012).
721:
492:, let alone a more powerful one.
419:
3645:Megathrust earthquakes in Canada
3630:Earthquakes in the United States
3342:
2411:Earthquakes in the United States
1640:Tsunami Animation: Cascadia 1700
1098:Schulz, Kathryn (20 July 2015).
648:National Geophysical Data Center
587:Geology of the Pacific Northwest
577:1585 Aleutian Islands earthquake
46:
39:
3620:Earthquakes in British Columbia
1756:United States Geological Survey
1684:Journal of Geophysical Research
1675:United States Geological Survey
1439:Hill, Richard L. (2002-05-15).
1361:
1309:
1280:
1247:
1210:
1181:
1157:
1128:
1110:
1091:
1072:
1037:
1019:
966:
950:
701:United States Geological Survey
459:As seen in the 1700 quake, the
438:United States Geological Survey
390:that buried an entire village.
1644:Pacific Tsunami Warning Center
1345:Hickey, Hannah (10 Apr 2023).
1079:Yanev, Peter (27 March 2010).
904:
865:Seismological Research Letters
817:
705:University of Washington Press
665:
602:List of historical earthquakes
13:
1:
3655:Tsunamis in the United States
3379:Entering the Columbia by Gray
1142:. 24 May 2010. Archived from
623:
592:List of earthquakes in Canada
490:1906 San Francisco earthquake
345:indigenous groups of Cascadia
2313:1949 Queen Charlotte Islands
1656:Native and Japanese accounts
1512:Pringle, Patrick T. (2009).
1323:. 2022-11-02. Archived from
1294:. 2022-08-08. Archived from
1195:. 2009-04-19. Archived from
495:Kenneth Murphy, who directs
461:2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
307:), which show that several "
7:
3635:Natural disasters in Oregon
2063:1766 Southeastern Caribbean
1468:Oregon Historical Quarterly
1026:"Get ready for the Big One"
569:
428:Cascadia earthquake sources
262:
10:
3676:
3615:17th century in California
3384:Lewis and Clark Expedition
2283:1925 CharlevoixâKamouraska
1627:
1426:"Cascadia Subduction Zone"
1292:Oregon Public Broadcasting
812:Oregon Public Broadcasting
3625:Earthquakes in California
3549:
3458:
3392:
3351:
3340:
3288:
3206:
3125:
3072:2018 Southern Appalachian
2939:
2563:
2417:
2336:
2270:
2234:
2158:
2102:
2071:
2025:
1969:
1953:
1897:
1871:
1845:
1809:
824:"Ghosts of Tsunamis Past"
448:8 or higher occur in the
283:, in communities such as
179:
171:
161:
151:
114:
98:
90:
72:
59:
35:
3466:William Robert Broughton
3364:1700 Cascadia earthquake
2460:1812 San Juan Capistrano
1803:18th-century earthquakes
1081:"Shake, Rattle, Seattle"
450:Cascadia subduction zone
243:Cascadia subduction zone
224:The earthquake caused a
195:Cascadia subduction zone
191:1700 Cascadia earthquake
156:Cascadia subduction zone
31:1700 Cascadia earthquake
3092:2020 Monte Cristo Range
2841:1986 North Palm Springs
2696:1948 Desert Hot Springs
1728:2027/osu.32435085226595
1165:Oregon State University
1140:Oregon State University
78:; 324 years ago
3605:1700 natural disasters
3559:Native peoples history
3143:2010â11 Guy-Greenbrier
2716:1957 Andreanof Islands
2540:1892 VacavilleâWinters
2485:1867 Manhattan, Kansas
1579:Melgar, Diego (2021).
1514:"The Bonneville slide"
1394:10.1126/sciadv.add6688
963:, Vol. 8, No. 9, 2009.
885:10.1785/gssrl.76.2.140
687:; Musumi-Rokkaku, S.;
441:
429:
259:
244:
3610:18th-century tsunamis
3600:1700 in North America
3471:Toussaint Charbonneau
3223:1946 Vancouver Island
3153:2009âpresent Oklahoma
3042:2014 Southeast Alaska
3037:2014 Aleutian Islands
2851:1987 Whittier Narrows
2761:1968 Borrego Mountain
2711:1954 Churchill County
2686:1946 Aleutian Islands
2681:1944 CornwallâMassena
2581:1906 Aleutian Islands
2425:1585 Aleutian Islands
2308:1946 Vancouver Island
2303:1944 CornwallâMassena
2278:1918 Vancouver Island
2228:Earthquakes in Canada
1945:1739 YinchuanâPingluo
1480:10.1353/ohq.2004.0043
617:Neskowin Ghost Forest
435:
427:
271:on January 26, 1700 (
250:
242:
203:megathrust earthquake
76:January 26, 1700
3374:Vancouver Expedition
3002:2010 Baja California
2856:1987 Imperial Valley
2846:1986 Chalfant Valley
2806:1979 Imperial Valley
2601:1915 Pleasant Valley
2596:1915 Imperial Valley
2140:1786 Kangding-Luding
1606:10.1029/2021jb021822
1189:"Perilous Situation"
1100:"The Really Big One"
988:, December 16, 2014.
786:"The Really Big One"
612:Lists of earthquakes
257:Salmon River, Oregon
3217:1872 North Cascades
3082:2020 Salt Lake City
3027:2013 Port Alexander
2967:2006 Gulf of Mexico
2881:1992 Cape Mendocino
2646:1932 Cedar Mountain
2515:1872 North Cascades
2359:2010 Central Canada
2262:1872 North Cascades
2079:1770 Port-au-Prince
1987:1751 Port-au-Prince
1712:2015orts.book.....A
1597:2021JGRB..12621822M
1386:2023SciA....9D6688P
1327:on 10 February 2023
1298:on 10 February 2023
1268:on February 3, 2019
1233:2004GSAB..116..655L
1058:2003GSAB..115.1289W
1016:, November 6, 2012.
877:2005SeiRL..76..140L
814:, January 26, 2015.
745:1996Natur.379..246S
672:Atwater et al. 2005
299:Scientific research
289:Miyako (Kuwagasaki)
219:northern California
193:occurred along the
132: /
32:
18:Cascadia earthquake
3486:Captain James Cook
3359:Bridge of the Gods
3087:2020 Central Idaho
2906:1993 Klamath Falls
2721:1957 San Francisco
2676:1940 New Hampshire
2656:1934 Hansel Valley
2626:1925 Santa Barbara
2616:1921 Sevier Valley
2576:1906 San Francisco
2535:1892 Laguna Salada
2465:1812 Santa Barbara
2455:1811â12 New Madrid
2430:1638 New Hampshire
2084:1771 Great Yaeyama
1321:The New York Times
1124:. August 16, 2016.
1085:The New York Times
1031:The Globe and Mail
1006:2016-08-23 at the
978:2015-07-31 at the
829:2018-08-28 at the
442:
430:
260:
245:
213:, south along the
207:Juan de Fuca Plate
30:
3660:Tsunamis in Japan
3595:1700s earthquakes
3582:
3581:
3491:Sir Francis Drake
3450:Willamette Valley
3369:Nootka Convention
3315:Northwest Passage
3309:Columbia Rediviva
3250:
3249:
3166:
3165:
2901:1993 Scotts Mills
2871:1991 Sierra Madre
2786:1975 Near Islands
2776:1971 San Fernando
2741:1962 Cache Valley
2586:1909 Wabash River
2520:1882 Fort Collins
2510:1872 Owens Valley
2377:
2376:
2194:
2193:
1052:(10): 1289â1306.
1034:, April 22, 2011.
784:(July 20, 2015).
739:(6562): 246â249.
714:978-0-295-98535-0
528:Huu-ay-aht People
343:The contemporary
339:Cultural research
215:Pacific Northwest
187:
186:
16:(Redirected from
3667:
3541:George Vancouver
3521:Meriwether Lewis
3445:Willamette Falls
3346:
3327:Age of Discovery
3277:
3270:
3263:
3254:
3253:
3235:1965 Puget Sound
3193:
3186:
3179:
3170:
3169:
2982:2008 Chino Hills
2926:1999 Hector Mine
2876:1992 Joshua Tree
2861:1989 Loma Prieta
2836:1984 Morgan Hill
2816:1981 Westmorland
2801:1979 Coyote Lake
2756:1965 Puget Sound
2751:1965 Rat Islands
2736:1959 Hebgen Lake
2706:1952 Kern County
2611:1918 San Jacinto
2555:1899 San Jacinto
2550:1898 Mare Island
2470:1838 San Andreas
2404:
2397:
2390:
2381:
2380:
2364:2012 Haida Gwaii
2298:1935 Timiskaming
2288:1929 Grand Banks
2221:
2214:
2207:
2198:
2197:
1961:1746 LimaâCallao
1796:
1789:
1782:
1773:
1772:
1741:
1618:
1608:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1529:
1518:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1490:. Archived from
1459:
1453:
1452:
1447:. Archived from
1436:
1430:
1429:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1405:
1374:Science Advances
1365:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1264:. Archived from
1251:
1245:
1244:
1241:10.1130/B25369.1
1227:(5â6): 655â670.
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1199:on 23 April 2009
1185:
1179:
1178:
1177:(Press release).
1167:(May 25, 2010).
1161:
1155:
1154:
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1132:
1126:
1125:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1066:10.1130/b25189.1
1041:
1035:
1023:
1017:
998:
989:
970:
964:
954:
948:
947:
946:
944:
927:
916:
915:
908:
902:
901:
900:
899:
893:
887:, archived from
862:
853:
838:
821:
815:
805:
796:
795:
778:
765:
764:
753:10.1038/379246a0
728:
719:
718:
698:
681:
675:
669:
663:
662:
660:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
637:
607:List of tsunamis
537:Quillayute River
503:will be toast."
446:moment magnitude
305:dendrochronology
281:Iwate Prefecture
217:coast as far as
211:Vancouver Island
201:of 8.7â9.2. The
199:moment magnitude
147:
146:
144:
143:
142:
137:
133:
130:
129:
128:
125:
109:
86:
84:
79:
50:
49:
43:
33:
29:
21:
3675:
3674:
3670:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3569:Pioneer history
3564:History to 1806
3545:
3511:Joseph Ingraham
3506:Bruno de Heceta
3454:
3388:
3347:
3338:
3302:Lady Washington
3284:
3281:
3251:
3246:
3202:
3197:
3167:
3162:
3158:2019 Ridgecrest
3121:
3117:2024 New Jersey
3077:2019 Ridgecrest
3047:2014 South Napa
2972:2006 Kiholo Bay
2962:2003 San Simeon
2935:
2931:2000 Yountville
2921:1998 Pymatuning
2911:1994 Northridge
2896:1992 St. George
2826:1983 Borah Peak
2781:1973 Point Mugu
2771:1969 Santa Rosa
2731:1958 Lituya Bay
2666:1936 State Line
2651:1933 Long Beach
2559:
2545:1895 Charleston
2525:1886 Charleston
2500:1870 Charlevoix
2475:1857 Fort Tejon
2450:1783 New Jersey
2435:1663 Charlevoix
2413:
2408:
2378:
2373:
2354:2007â2008 Nazko
2332:
2293:1933 Baffin Bay
2266:
2257:1870 Charlevoix
2242:1663 Charlevoix
2230:
2225:
2195:
2190:
2154:
2130:1783 New Jersey
2098:
2067:
2021:
1982:1751 ConcepciĂłn
1965:
1949:
1905:1730 ValparaĂso
1893:
1867:
1841:
1805:
1800:
1748:
1746:Current hazards
1738:
1658:
1630:
1625:
1575:
1573:Further reading
1570:
1569:
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1557:
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1546:
1542:
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1510:
1506:
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1424:
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1419:
1380:(4): eadd6688.
1366:
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1134:
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1129:
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1111:
1096:
1092:
1087:. p. WK11.
1077:
1073:
1042:
1038:
1024:
1020:
1008:Wayback Machine
999:
992:
980:Wayback Machine
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831:Wayback Machine
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729:
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682:
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349:oral traditions
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94:circa 21:00 PST
91:Local time
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73:Local date
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3576:
3574:Modern history
3571:
3566:
3561:
3555:
3553:
3551:Oregon history
3547:
3546:
3544:
3543:
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3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3501:Robert Haswell
3498:
3493:
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3483:
3481:Chief Comcomly
3478:
3473:
3468:
3462:
3460:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
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3420:Columbia River
3417:
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3405:Clatsop Plains
3402:
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3390:
3389:
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3286:
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3280:
3279:
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3257:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3244:
3241:2001 Nisqually
3238:
3232:
3226:
3220:
3214:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3196:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3173:
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3067:2018 Anchorage
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3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2947:2001 Nisqually
2943:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2691:1947 Wisconsin
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2671:1940 El Centro
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2636:1931 Valentine
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2571:1901 Richfield
2567:
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2537:
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2457:
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2447:
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2437:
2432:
2427:
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2419:
2415:
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2407:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2384:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2349:2001 Nisqually
2346:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
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2274:
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2267:
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2264:
2259:
2254:
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2224:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2201:
2192:
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2189:
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2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2145:1787 New Spain
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2125:1783 Calabrian
2122:
2117:
2112:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2089:1773 Guatemala
2086:
2081:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2017:1759 Near East
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1935:1738 Dangjiang
1932:
1927:
1925:1737 Kamchatka
1922:
1920:1733 Dongchuan
1917:
1912:
1907:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1868:
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1863:1717 Guatemala
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1736:
1720:10.3133/pp1707
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1654:
1653:
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1646:
1637:
1629:
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1624:
1623:External links
1621:
1620:
1619:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1540:
1504:
1474:(3): 390â421.
1454:
1451:on 2008-10-24.
1431:
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1308:
1279:
1246:
1209:
1180:
1156:
1146:on 27 May 2010
1127:
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1104:The New Yorker
1090:
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871:(2): 140â148,
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791:The New Yorker
782:Kathryn Schulz
766:
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685:Atwater, B. F.
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545:Pythia's Oasis
512:sea level rise
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420:Future threats
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3107:2022 Ferndale
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3052:2016 Oklahoma
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3032:2014 La Habra
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3022:2011 Oklahoma
3020:
3018:
3017:2011 Virginia
3015:
3013:
3012:2011 Colorado
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
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2988:
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2916:1995 Marathon
2914:
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2891:1992 Big Bear
2889:
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2766:1968 Illinois
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2606:1916 Irondale
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2445:1755 Cape Ann
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2440:1700 Cascadia
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2255:
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2252:1732 Montreal
2250:
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2247:1700 Cascadia
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2240:
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2208:
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2176:1797 Riobamba
2174:
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2157:
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2135:1784 Erzincan
2133:
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2048:1766 Istanbul
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2018:
2015:
2013:
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2002:1755 Cape Ann
2000:
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1930:1737 Valdivia
1928:
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1910:1732 Montreal
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1838:
1837:1709 Zhongwei
1835:
1833:
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1825:
1823:
1822:1703 Apennine
1820:
1818:
1817:1700 Cascadia
1815:
1814:
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1766:The Oregonian
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1555:
1554:The Oregonian
1550:
1544:
1530:on 2018-01-05
1526:
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1493:
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1261:Vancouver Sun
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1193:The Oregonian
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894:on 2015-07-24
890:
886:
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415:
411:
407:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
380:Kwakwaka'wakw
377:
375:
374:Barkley Sound
371:
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362:
358:
353:
350:
346:
336:
334:
328:
326:
325:Copalis River
322:
318:
314:
310:
309:ghost forests
306:
296:
294:
290:
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282:
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274:
270:
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249:
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235:
231:
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216:
212:
208:
205:involved the
204:
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160:
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154:
150:
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110:
101:
97:
93:
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71:
68:
65:
63:
58:
42:
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3435:Nootka Sound
3430:Mount Mazama
3425:Fort Clatsop
3415:Columbia Bar
3410:Clatsop Spit
3400:Celilo Falls
3363:
3332:
3320:
3307:
3300:
3229:1949 Olympia
3210:
3148:2012 Brawley
3102:2021 Chignik
3007:2010 Indiana
2957:2003 Alabama
2940:21st century
2886:1992 Landers
2701:1949 Olympia
2621:1925 Montana
2564:20th century
2495:1868 Hayward
2480:1865 Memphis
2439:
2337:21st Century
2318:1985 Nahanni
2271:20th Century
2246:
2181:1797 Sumatra
2150:1787 Boricua
2120:1782 Mendoza
2058:1766 Marmara
2043:1763 KomĂĄrom
1940:1738 Vrancea
1915:1732 Irpinia
1884:1722 Algarve
1858:1716 Algiers
1827:1703 Genroku
1816:
1764:
1702:
1694:ScienceDaily
1692:
1588:
1584:
1558:. Retrieved
1552:
1543:
1532:. Retrieved
1525:the original
1520:
1507:
1496:. Retrieved
1492:the original
1471:
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1457:
1449:the original
1444:
1434:
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1340:
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1266:the original
1259:
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1201:. Retrieved
1197:the original
1192:
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1172:
1159:
1148:. Retrieved
1144:the original
1130:
1122:The Atlantic
1121:
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937:Toronto Star
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906:
896:, retrieved
889:the original
868:
864:
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789:
736:
732:
694:
679:
674:, p. 98
667:
646:(Data Set),
642:
557:
549:
541:
524:
509:
505:
501:Interstate 5
494:
458:
443:
412:depicting a
406:Ethnographic
404:
378:
354:
342:
329:
302:
266:
234:Pacific Time
223:
190:
188:
3526:John Meares
3496:Robert Gray
3219:(6.5 â 7.0)
3213:(8.7 â 9.2)
3097:2020 Sparta
3062:2018 Hawaii
3057:2018 Alaska
2997:2010 Eureka
2952:2002 Denali
2866:1990 Upland
2831:1983 Kaoiki
2811:1980 Eureka
2796:1975 Hawaii
2791:1975 Morris
2746:1964 Alaska
2726:1958 Huslia
2661:1935 Helena
2641:1932 Eureka
2631:1927 Lompoc
2530:1887 Sonora
2505:1871 LÄnaÊ»i
2490:1868 Hawaii
2344:2000 Kipawa
2328:1989 Ungava
2186:1799 Vendée
2110:1780 Tabriz
2094:1778 Kashan
2038:1762 Arakan
2033:1761 Lisbon
2007:1755 Meknes
1997:1755 Lisbon
1977:1751 Takada
1889:1727 Tabriz
1879:1721 Tabriz
1853:1714 Bhutan
1272:January 27,
961:Raven's Eye
365:Pachena Bay
357:generations
285:Tsugaruishi
277:Pacific Rim
139: /
3589:Categories
3133:2001 Enola
3112:2023 Texas
2992:2008 Wells
2418:Historical
2369:2013 Craig
2235:Historical
2171:1792 Unzen
2012:1756 DĂŒren
1992:1754 Cairo
1534:2012-02-03
1498:2009-09-07
1331:2023-02-10
1302:2023-02-10
1203:2009-05-12
1150:2010-05-24
943:19 January
898:2015-07-24
689:Satake, K.
624:References
564:Tseax Cone
463:, and the
400:Hood Canal
361:Huu-ay-aht
333:landslides
321:Washington
180:Casualties
166:Megathrust
136:45°N 125°W
83:1700-01-26
3536:Sacagawea
3321:Discovery
3296:Fur trade
3138:2008 Reno
2987:2008 Reno
2591:1914 Reno
2166:1790 Oran
2115:1780 Java
2053:1766 Cuba
1832:1707 HĆei
1615:2169-9313
1488:131976728
1349:. UW News
477:Vancouver
410:mythology
388:landslide
315:trees in
313:red cedar
209:from mid-
115:Epicenter
99:Magnitude
1560:June 11,
1412:36696502
1353:13 April
1004:Archived
976:Archived
827:Archived
570:See also
562:and the
533:Quileute
520:Ucluelet
481:Victoria
473:Portland
454:tsunamis
396:Quileute
384:Cowichan
263:Evidence
141:45; -125
102:8.7â9.2
3333:Chatham
1708:Bibcode
1628:General
1593:Bibcode
1403:9876559
1382:Bibcode
1229:Bibcode
1054:Bibcode
873:Bibcode
761:8305522
741:Bibcode
469:Seattle
370:Kiix-in
293:Ćtsuchi
253:tsunami
226:tsunami
172:Tsunami
81: (
3531:Quadra
3459:People
3393:Places
3352:Events
3289:Topics
3126:Swarms
1734:
1651:â USGS
1613:
1591:(10).
1486:
1410:
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733:Nature
711:
516:Tofino
485:Tacoma
483:, and
317:Oregon
67:ComCat
3243:(6.8)
3237:(6.7)
3231:(6.7)
3225:(7.3)
2159:1790s
2103:1780s
2072:1770s
2026:1760s
1970:1750s
1954:1740s
1898:1730s
1872:1720s
1846:1710s
1810:1700s
1528:(PDF)
1517:(PDF)
1484:S2CID
892:(PDF)
861:(PDF)
757:S2CID
392:Makah
311:" of
230:Japan
152:Fault
127:125°W
60:USGS-
1732:ISBN
1611:ISSN
1562:2019
1408:PMID
1355:2023
1274:2019
945:2015
709:ISBN
652:NOAA
518:and
497:FEMA
319:and
291:and
189:The
162:Type
124:45°N
62:ANSS
1724:hdl
1716:doi
1601:doi
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1476:doi
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1398:PMC
1390:doi
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