498:
1742:
1241:
5778:
51:
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the entire penis was cut off. The young man's thighs and abdomen would be tied, and others would pin him down on a table. The genitals would be washed with pepper water and then cut off. A tube would be then inserted into the urethra to allow urination during healing. Many
Vietnamese eunuchs were products of self-castration in order to gain access to the palaces and power. In other cases, they might be paid to become eunuchs. They served in many capacities, from supervising public works, to investigating crimes, to reading public proclamations.
424:
1184:
effective. According to Dr. Martin Hollý, director of the
Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice in Prague, none of the nearly 100 sex offenders who had been physically castrated had committed further offences. One serial offender stated that being castrated was the "best decision" he ever made: "On the one hand you have to protect the potential victims and on the other hand I wanted to be protected from myself, I wanted to live like a normal person." Don Grubin, a professor at
1809:
unpalatable to consumers. Consequently, in commercial meat production, male pigs are either castrated shortly after birth or slaughtered before they reach sexual maturity. Recent research in Brazil has shown that castration of pigs is unnecessary because most pigs do not have the 'boar taint'. This is due to many breeds of pigs simply not having the heredity for the boar taint and the fact that pigs are normally slaughtered at a young market weight.
1820:). Testicular cancer is rare in dogs, and also prostate problems are somewhat common in castrated male dogs when they get older. Neutered individuals have a much higher risk of developing prostate problems in comparison to intact males. Castrated male cats are more likely to develop an obstruction in their urethra, preventing them from urinating to some degree. A specialized vocabulary has arisen for neutered animals of given species:
1896:
851:, Gansu, or were killed by the Chinese. His sons Yima Kuli, K'ati Kuli, Maiti Kuli, and grandson Aisan Ahung were the only survivors in 1879. They were all underage children, and put on trial, sentenced to an agonizing death if they were complicit in their father's rebellious "sedition", or if they were innocent of their fathers crimes, were to be sentenced to castration and serving as
1228:
working harder to conceal the evidence for their crimes, and argue that their parole is a danger of releasing offenders who only hide their crimes more efficiently and are not any less likely to commit new crimes. These criminologists also argue that police investigators treating castrated men as less likely to reoffend than non-castrated men may cause an investigation bias and
516:"The Caliphate in Baghdad at the beginning of the 10th Century had 7,000 black eunuchs and 4,000 white eunuchs in his palace." The Arab slave trade typically dealt in the sale of castrated male slaves. Black boys at the age of eight to twelve had their scrotum and penis completely amputated. Reportedly, about two of three boys died, but those who survived drew high prices.
1027:
the
Vietnamese for castration to become eunuch slaves to the Vietnamese. It has been speculated by modern historians that the Chinese who were captured and castrated by the Vietnamese were involved in trade between China and Vietnam instead of actually being blown off course by the wind and they were punished as part of a crackdown on foreign trade by Vietnam.
1956:, are usually surgically treated with a scrotal castration (which can be done with the animal standing while sedated and after local anesthetic has been applied), while others, like dogs and cats, are anesthetised and recumbent when surgically castrated with a pre-scrotal incision in the case of dogs, or a pre-scrotal or scrotal incision used for cats.
689:(10th c. BC) the Minister of Crime, Marquis Lu, reformed the law in 950 BC to make it easier for people to be sentenced to castration instead of death. As long as the practice existed in China, not only were the testicles removed but castration included the severing of one's entire genitalia. Both organs were cut off with a knife at the same time.
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saith the LORD unto the eunuchs that keep my sabbaths, and choose the things that please me, and take hold of my covenant; Even unto them will I give in mine house and within my walls a place and a name better than of sons and of daughters: I will give them an everlasting name, that shall not be cut off."
974:
The
Vietnamese adopted the eunuch system and castration techniques from China. Records show that the Vietnamese performed castration in a painful procedure by removing the entire genitalia with both penis and testicles being cut off with a sharp knife or metal blade. The procedure was agonizing since
1808:
concentrations stored in the fat tissues of the animal after sexual maturity. Boar taint is only found in a small minority of pigs and can be controlled through breeding selection, diet and management. It is released when the fat is heated and has a distinct odor and flavor that is widely considered
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such as defending the herd from humans and other threats, or intra-herd aggression (e.g. fighting between groups of entire (uncastrated) males of a species); or to reduce other consequences of sexual behavior that may make animal husbandry more difficult, such as boundary/fence/enclosure destruction
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strictly forbids the castration of either humans or animals. Deuteronomy 23:1 expels castrated men from the assembly of Israel; they are forbidden to marry or if married must divorce from their wives (though permitting the castrated to marry or remain married to female converts to
Judaism). The laws
1213:
In 2024, Louisiana became the first U.S. state to allow judges to impose castration on sex offenders. Previously, in several states, convicted offenders could choose castration, including where it was a prerequisite for parole. However, should the person choose to remain in prison, they would not be
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practices surgical castration of convicted sex offenders. According to the reports compiled by
Council of Europe, a human-rights forum, the central European country physically castrated at least 94 prisoners in the 10 years up to April 2008. The Czech Republic defends this procedure as voluntary and
1152:
Chemical or surgical castration is practiced in many countries for people convicted of sex crimes as a prerequisite for their release from prison. The castration may be voluntary or mandated. The assumption is that it prevents future crimes. Reports are available from
American and European countries
1046:
Vietnamese after their ships were blown off course into
Vietnam. The Chinese Ministry of Revenue responded by ordering Chinese civilians and soldiers to stop going abroad to foreign countries. China's relations with Vietnam during this period were marked by the punishment of prisoners by castration.
1026:
was aggressive in his relations with foreign countries including China. A large amount of trade between
Guangdong and Vietnam happened during his reign. Early accounts recorded that the Vietnamese captured Chinese whose ships had blown off course and detained them. Young Chinese men were selected by
648:
was criticized by the Dutch parliament for excluding evidence of castration in his report on sexual abuse by the Roman
Catholic Church, where ten children were allegedly "punished" by castration in the 1950s for reporting sexual abuse by Roman Catholic priests. The Deetman Commission had rejected it
1112:
Commoners were banned from undergoing castration in Vietnam; only adult men of high social rank could be castrated. Most eunuchs were born as such with a congenital abnormality. The Vietnamese government mandated that boys born with defective genitalia were to be reported to officials, in exchange
1596:
Isaiah 56:3–5 references in a positive welcoming manner eunuchs who follow after God's laws. "Neither let the son of the stranger, that hath joined himself to the LORD, speak, saying, The LORD hath utterly separated me from his people: neither let the eunuch say, Behold, I am a dry tree. For thus
1428:
live in well-defined, organized, all-hijra communities, led by a guru. The power of the hijras as a sexually ambiguous category can only be understood in the religious context of Hinduism. In some Hindu beliefs, ritual, and art, the power of the combined man/woman, or androgyne, is a frequent and
855:
slaves to Chinese troops, when they reached 11 years old, and handed over to the Imperial Household to be executed or castrated. Although some sources assert that the sentence of castration was carried out, official sources from the US State Department and activists involved in the incident state
1959:
Castration of cattle has historically been done without pain medications. All methods of castration cause pain and distress, which can be minimized by castrating as early as possible, preferably within the first week of life. The Canadian Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Beef Cattle
1670:
A subject of castration who is altered before the onset of puberty will retain a high voice, as well as the effects of hypogonadism, which include non-muscular build, an infantile penis, a lack of a beard, more developed subcutaneous fat. He may be taller than average, with long limbs, so called
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brought them into contact with eunuchs. By the eighth century, the palaces of the caliphs were staffed with many eunuch slaves which sold at a premium. A regular trade in eunuchs developed with slaves being taken to locations in Spain or Africa to be castrated, as the practice of castration was
1227:
is that men who are willing to accept castration to get a shorter prison sentence are those who value freedom from prison higher than men who are not willing to pay the price for freedom in the form of their testicles. This hypothesis could explain their apparent lower recidivism as a result of
1113:
for the town being freed from mandatory labor requirements. The boy would have the option of serving as a eunuch official or serving the palace women when he became ten years old. This law was put in place in 1838 during the Nguyễn dynasty. The only males allowed inside the Forbidden City at
1045:
escaped back to China after their ship had been blown off course into Vietnam, where they had been forced to serve as soldiers in Vietnam's military. The escapees also reported that they found out up to 100 Chinese men remained captives in Vietnam after they were caught and castrated by the
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note 1809: "This act of Origen's has been greatly discussed, and some have even gone so far as to believe that he never committed the act ... There is no reason, however, to doubt the report, for which we have unimpeachable testimony, and which is in itself not at all surprising
812:
Chengtian took power at age 30 in 982 as a regent for her son. Some reports suggest that she personally led her own army against the Song Chinese in 986. Her army defeated them in battle, fighting the retreating Chinese army. She then ordered the castration of around 100 ethnic
1132:
wrote a bill in Virginia reducing the punishment for rape, polygamy, or sodomy from death to castration. Over the years, several U.S. states have passed laws regarding chemical castration for sex offenders but not one state has mandatory castration. In 2016, Alabama lawmaker
1671:"eunuchoid appearance", as the production of sex hormones in puberty—more specifically, estrogen via aromatization of testosterone—stops long bone growth in a process called osseous maturation. The subject may lack the male distribution of axillary hair, and may develop
1222:
Some criminologists argue that the reported lower recidivism rates in castrated male sex offenders compared to non-castrated ones does not conclusively prove that it is a biological effect of castration, but might be explained by other factors. One suggested factor from
1485:
in 325 AD forbade clergy members to voluntarily castrate themselves "when in perfect health", but freely accepted those who had been either castrated by others against their will, castrated due to a medical sickness or necessity, or those born as eunuchs.
805:: the Khitan would raid China, capture Han Chinese boys as prisoners of war and emasculate them to become eunuchs. The emasculation of captured Chinese boys guaranteed a continuous supply of eunuchs to serve in the Liao dynasty harem. The Empress Dowager
1619:). Castrated members of the priestly caste are forbidden to enter certain parts of the temple, to approach the altar, or to make sacrifices, although they could eat their share of the offerings and receive the priestly and Levite gifts (Lev. 21:16–24).
1963:
In veterinary practice an "open" castration refers to a castration in which the inguinal tunic is incised and not sutured. A "closed" castration refers to when the procedure is performed so that the inguinal tunic is sutured together after incision.
1143:
In 1983, Judge C. Victor Pyle sentenced three men convicted of rape to choose between 30 years in prison or castration. The South Carolina Supreme Court ruled that the castration option would be cruel, however, and the men were sentenced to prison.
664:(618–626 AD). However, it was still practiced after his reign. According to historians, it was incorporated into Chinese law during the Zhou dynasty. It was one of the five physical punishments that could be legally inflicted on criminals in China.
3232:
Appletons' annual cyclopedia and register of important events: Embracing political, military, and ecclesiastical affairs; public documents; biography, statistics, commerce, finance, literature, science, agriculture, and mechanical industry, Volume
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of castration also apply to cases of irreversible or un-reversed vasectomy and all other cases where the flow of sperm is known to have been placed into a permanent state of dysfunction with either no hope or no desire to take the steps to repair.
3599:
Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China: reprinted for the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society from Dalrymple's "Oriental Repertory," and the "Asiatic Researches" and "Journal" of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Volume
4897:
As Abdullah ibn Mas'ood said, "We were on a campaign with the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), and we had no women with us. We said: Why don't we get ourselves castrated? But he forbade us to do
1293:. This led to a wave of international condemnation against the Russian military for its use of torture in wartime. Many other cases of Russian troops castrating Ukrainian prisoners of war have also emerged. According to the
1816:, and is encouraged to prevent overpopulation of the community by unwanted animals, and to reduce certain diseases such as prostate disease and testicular cancer in male dogs (oophorectomy in female pets is often called
4052:
5099:
1462:, the Catholic Church has broadly discouraged any understanding of this passage as recommending literal "self-castration". That is consistent with Jesus' claims (as a rabbi) to uphold the Law given to Moses, e.g.
846:
in China were all sentenced to castration. Surviving members of Yaqub Beg's family included his four sons, four grandchildren (two grandsons and two granddaughters), and four wives. They either died in prison in
1453:
mentions castration in a discussion about avoiding adultery and divorce that some are involuntarily castrated or born that way, while some others "make themselves eunuchs" willingly out of a desire to be chaste
1655:
considered castration to be mutilation, stipulating laws to prevent it. However, in practice, emasculation was frequent. In eighteenth-century Mecca, the majority of eunuchs were in the service of the mosques.
529:
The employment or enslavement of eunuchs (castrated men) was practiced in classical and Roman antiquity and continued into the Middle Ages. In the 10th century, slave traders in Verdun in France and in Becâne
4604:
1304:
When Ukrainian cities were liberated, horrendous abuses by Russian forces were exposed, including castrations, in attempts to terrorize and demoralize the Ukrainian population to break their will to fight.
1077:. After years of service, he was promoted at the death of the Vietnamese ruler in 1497 to a military position in northern Vietnam. A soldier told him of an escape route back to China and Wu Rui escaped to
1098:) a Chinese ship blew off course onto the shore. The Chinese were detained and not allowed to return to China as ordered by Le Thanh Tong. This incident may be the same one where Wu Rui was captured.
992:
sent Vietnamese boy eunuchs as tribute to Ming dynasty China several times, in 1383, 1384 and 1385 Nguyen Dao, Nguyen Toan, Tru Ca, and Ngo Tin were among several Vietnamese eunuchs sent to China.
486:
as a way of avoiding incarceration. It can greatly reduce sex drive or interest in those with sexual drives, obsessions, or behaviors, or any combination of those that may be considered deviant.
4203:
1256:
have been practiced against enemy soldiers and civilians from ancient times to the twenty-first century. Sometimes it is practiced against living boys and men and other times against corpses.
3781:
1411:
is the only professional opera singer who can perform as a castrato, since he had an involuntary chemical castration, as a result of a cancer treatment that he had before he reached puberty.
1034:
were attacked and captured in 1469 by the Lê dynasty of Annam (Vietnam) as they were returning to Malacca from China. The Vietnamese enslaved and castrated the young from among the captured.
4831:
Perani, Mauro (20 March 2012). ""The Words of a Wise Man's Mouth are Gracious" (Qoh 10,12): Festschrift for Günter Stemberger on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday". In Perani, Mauro (ed.).
818:
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world, a fair proportion of male slaves were imported as eunuch. Levy states that according to the Quran and Islamic traditions, such emasculation was objectionable. Some jurists such as
5117:
6145:
1692:
A study of 81 historical eunuchs in Korea's royal court found a 14- to 19-year increase in lifespan compared to intact men of similar socioeconomic background; these eunuchs had a
4627:
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Teske, E.; Naan, E. C.; Van Dijk, E. M.; Van Garderen, E.; Schalken, J. A. (2002). "Canine prostate carcinoma: epidemiological evidence of an increased risk in castrated dogs".
1279:
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According to legend, during the reign of the legendary Emperor Shun and Yu in China, in 2281 BC, castration was passed into law as a punishment, remaining so until the reign of
4060:
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castrated many young Vietnamese boys, choosing them for their handsomeness and ability, and brought them to Nanjing to serve as eunuchs. Among them were the architect-engineer
711:
was castrated by order of the Han Emperor of China for dissent. In another incident multiple people, including a chief scribe and his underlings, were subjected to castration.
633:
1192:, was initially opposed to physical castration. After visiting the Czech Republic, however, he agreed that some form of castration might be of benefit to some sex offenders.
5103:
605:
to ensure the supremacy of George's branch of the family. Another victim of castration was the 12th-century medieval French philosopher, scholar, teacher, and (later) monk
475:-depletion treatment (either surgical removal of both testicles or chemical castration) is used to slow down the cancer. Surgical removal of one or both testicles known as
617:, a 12th-century English adventurer and invader of the Scottish coast, was blinded and castrated after losing a power struggle. In medieval England, men found guilty of
2442:
1640:
forbidden for Muslims. Eunuchs were used as harem supervisors, as mediators or servile roles, but they could also rise to be trusted advisors or military commanders.
5550:
700:. The Qin government confiscated the property and enslaved the families of rapists who received castration as a punishment. Men punished with castration during the
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3415:
551:
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1319:
In Europe, when women were not permitted to sing in church or cathedral choirs in the Roman Catholic Church, boys were castrated to develop a special high
5143:"Can Castration Be a Solution for Sex Offenders? Man Who Mutilated Himself in Jail Thinks So, but Debate on Its Effectiveness Continues in Va., Elsewhere"
3620:
Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China and Indian archipelage: reprinted for the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Second Series, Volume 1
4527:
1721:
With the advent of chemical castration, physical castration in humans has been widely superseded, though some have undergone the procedure voluntarily.
4471:
Declaration of Abdel Mohsein El Uisci in the Dossier "ASD – MAE Etiopia Fondo Guerra, 131/34" given to the League of Nations by the Italian government
4211:
5854:
5673:
3278:
1522:
and other passages in Matthew and Mark that appear to endorse voluntary amputation to avoid sin, although there is some doubt concerning this story.
1333:
are Italian church records from the 1550s. In the baroque and classical music eras these singers were highly appreciated by opera composers as well.
5064:
Hamilton, J. B. (1960). "Effect of castration in adolescent and young adult males upon further changes in the proportions of bare and hairy scalp".
1011:(阮浪). Vietnamese were among the many eunuchs of different origins found at Yongle's court. Among the eunuchs in charge of the Capital Battalions of
4711:
1408:
4243:
1792:
Livestock may be castrated when used for food to prevent indiscriminate breeding, control aggression, and improve meat and carcass quality. In
306:
5755:
1749:
Humans commonly castrate domestic animals not intended for breeding. Domestic animals are usually castrated to avoid unwanted or uncontrolled
870:(내시, 內侍), were officials to the king and other royalty in traditional Korean society. The first recorded appearance of a Korean eunuch was in
652:
In Spain, a law against castration was used to deny sex-reassignment surgery to transgender people until the Penal Code was reformed in 1983.
5924:
1090:
1008:
5121:
4108:
1172:. Where homosexuality has been criminalised or treated as a mental illness, chemical castration has been used on gay men, as in the case of
5157:
835:
was castrated by a Tangut princess using a knife, who wanted revenge against his treatment of the Tanguts and to stop him from raping her.
1140:
A 1969 study found that men institutionalized at the same facility in Kansas lived an extra 14 years, on average, if they were castrated.
6152:
4225:
4148:
1636:
725:
When the Chinese overthrew Mongol rule, many Mongol captives were castrated and turned into eunuchs. When the Ming army finally captured
4653:
5799:
460:
Castration may have arisen in the Neolithic period in response to animal husbandry, rising populations and population specialisation.
4495:
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4271:
3896:
Vietnam and the Chinese Model: A Comparative Study of Nguyen and Ch'ing Civil Government in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century
1715:
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1137:
proposed a bill requiring certain sex offenses to require the perpetrator be castrated prior to their release from state custody.
729:
from Mongols in 1382, thousands of prisoners were killed and, according to the custom in times of war, their young sons—including
5907:
1274:
One British RAF officer, G. C. Gardiner DSO DFC, is recorded as having been castrated after a crash landing in Syria. During the
5223:
1566:
to castrate himself (Corbett was the 19th-century American soldier who is generally believed to have fired the shot that killed
1533:
in opposition. Origen argues against such literal interpretations of the passages from Matthew and Mark in his First Principles.
778:
adopted the practice of using eunuchs from the Chinese and the eunuchs used were non-Khitan prisoners of war. The Khitan were a
5880:
5284:
1648:
797:
that came from two sources. The Khitan captured Chinese people who were already eunuchs at the Jin court when they invaded the
567:
of Camerino and Spoleto in the course of 10th-century wars in Italy. Gibbon also alludes to a 12th-century incident set out in
1301:
region. But this is almost certainly a vast undercount, since experts say men are often reluctant to report sexual violence.
1053:
including a young man named Wu Rui were captured by the Vietnamese after their ship was blown off course while traveling from
5919:
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4383:
3398:
3371:
3315:
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system with concubines and wives and adopted eunuchs as part of it. All of the eunuchs captured were ethnic Chinese from the
489:
Involuntary castration appears in the history of warfare, sometimes used by one side to torture or demoralize their enemies.
255:
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that Yaqub Beg's son and grandsons had their sentence commuted to life imprisonment with a fund provided for their support.
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In the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD), castration continued to be used as a punishment for various offences. Chinese historian
5142:
4300:
1189:
996:
828:遼史 described and praised Empress Chengtian's capture and mass castration of the Chinese boys in a biography on Wang Ji'en.
583:
4579:
2157:
Eichert, David (2019). "'Homosexualization' Revisited: An Audience-Focused Theorization of Wartime Male Sexual Violence".
1467:
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3706:
2223:"Long-Term Consequences of Castration in Men: Lessons from the Skoptzy and the Eunuchs of the Chinese and Ottoman Courts"
1297:, 101 cases of sexual violence against Ukrainian men by occupying Russian forces have been recorded, including 50 in the
114:
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1714:
are required. Chemical castration does not actually remove the testicles or ovaries of the subject, nor is it a form of
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Myrttinen, Henri (2018). "Languages of castration – male genital mutilation in conflict and its embedded messages".
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the penis are removed together. In some cultures, and in some translations, no distinction is made between the two.
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1777:, although they are sterile. Male cattle are castrated to improve fattening and docility in feedlots or for use as
1736:
1286:
817:
boys she had captured in China, supplementing the Khitan's supply of eunuchs to serve at her court, among them was
5641:
4007:
1647:, castration is considered a sin and strictly forbidden, whether one performs it on oneself or on another. In the
1463:
1455:
4285:
3595:
1682:. However, hair regrowth – if it occurs at all – may be limited to hair that was lost shortly before castration.
107:
5747:
5328:
4109:"Chemical Castration: The Benefits and Disadvantages Intrinsic to Injecting Male Pedophiliacs with Depo-Provera"
2613:
Cyclopaedia of political science, political economy, and of the political history of the United States, Volume 1
6354:
5651:
5602:
5581:
2402:
1403:. It was not until the late 19th century that the Roman Catholic Church officially condemned the production of
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for over 80 years (chemical for circa 30). The effectiveness and ethics of this treatment are heavily debated.
737:
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the five punishments are adopted branding cutting off the nose feet castration and death emperor wen kao tsu.
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102:
70:
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Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Beef Cattle. 2013. www.nfacc.ca/codes-of-practice/beef-cattle
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boys when their tribes revolted, and then distributed them as eunuch slaves as gifts to various officials.
610:
227:
97:
4496:"Zelenskyy aide says Russia must pay after horrific video appears to show captive soldier being castrated"
1240:
4424:
Thirty Years of Italian History: From Antifascism to the Resistance (1915–1945) Lessons with Testimonials
1073:(吳瑞) was selected for castration since he was the only young man and he became a eunuch attendant at the
978:
622:
59:
5826:
4350:
Christine Horne, Michael J. Lovaglia (2008). "Experiments in Criminology and Law: A Research Revolution"
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1069:'s rule (1447–1487). Twelve of them were enslaved to work as agricultural laborers, while the youngest,
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1264:
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245:
4764:"NPNF2-01. Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine"
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Trent'anni di storia italiana: dall'antifascismo alla Resistenza (1915–1945) lezioni con testimonianze
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4528:"Castration, gang-rape, forced nudity: How Russia's soldiers terrorise Ukraine with sexual violence"
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Selections from the "Historia rerum anglicarum" of William of Newburgh, by Charles Johnson, M. A.
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passed a bill allowing for convicted child sex abusers to be chemically or surgically castrated.
1095:
50:
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1497:, says "As for those agitators, I wish they would go the whole way and emasculate themselves!" (
1347:
1259:
The castration of defeated enemies and the taking of body parts as trophies were traditional in
1120:
The presence of eunuchs in Vietnam was used by the French colonizers to degrade the Vietnamese.
6308:
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4605:"'Worse than hell': Castrated Ukrainian soldier details months of torture as a prisoner of war"
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Zamorani, Massimo (May 2013). "La strage della "Gondrand"" [The "Gondrand" massacre].
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Chronological handbook of the history of China: a manuscript left by the late Rev. Ernst Faber
2427:
2392:
6379:
6190:
6175:
5709:
Cutting Too Close for Comfort: Paul's Letter to the Galatians in Its Anatolian Cultic Context
5174:
Douglas, Thomas; Bonte, Pieter; Focquaert, Farah; Devolder, Katrien; Sterckx, Sigrid (2013).
3913:
3895:
3746:
3489:
3198:
3015:
2944:
2812:
2665:
2113:
1679:
1475:
1388:
794:
661:
602:
564:
3931:
1188:'s Institute of Neuroscience who also runs a chemical castration program backed by the UK's
1023:
6195:
6074:
5895:
5796:
5023:
4776:
4763:
3279:"THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN.; CASE OF THE KINGMA CHILDREN—LETTER FROM THE STATE DEPARTMENT"
2598:
china chow dynasty 1100 imperial castration was one of the five legal corporal punishments.
2044:
2026:
1930:
1549:
1400:
1206:
In 2020, a motion calling for surgical castration of convicted rapists was defeated in the
1185:
275:
131:
78:
5468:
The History of the Medieval World: From the Conversion of Constantine to the First Crusade
4166:
3949:"Thomas Jefferson, A Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments 1778 Papers 2:492—504l"
3596:
Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Straits Branch, Reinhold Rost (1887).
1278:, there were reported instances of British security forces castrating Kenyan detainees in
785:
and originally did not have eunuchs as part of their culture. When the Khitan founded the
270:
8:
6339:
6255:
6084:
5707:
5251:"Castration of male livestock and the potential of immunocastration to improve animal we"
3248:
3216:
The American annual cyclopedia and register of important events of the year ..., Volume 4
1995:
1960:
requires that, as of 2018, calves older than six months be castrated using pain control.
1907:
1750:
1705:
1612:
1396:
568:
464:
438:
351:
347:
5027:
3980:
3597:
2866:
2692:
2580:
2549:
1918:
tool to secure a band around the testicles that disrupts the blood supply, the use of a
1081:. The local chief planned to sell him back to the Vietnamese, but Wu was rescued by the
6344:
6119:
6094:
5992:
5982:
5890:
5393:
5200:
5175:
5039:
4989:
4946:
2174:
1984:
1934:
1782:
1425:
1384:
1102:
1082:
591:
429:
327:
126:
5381:
6245:
6161:
5959:
5697:
5679:
5667:, Asia Research Institute and the Singapore E-Press, National University of Singapore
5647:
5598:
5577:
5556:
5535:
5514:
5493:
5472:
5434:
5385:
5227:
5205:
5100:"The various types of eunuch in the Byzantine state: their role and symbolic meaning"
5081:
5031:
4981:
4938:
4856:
4580:"Ukrainian prisoners of war return having been castrated by drunken Russian soldiers"
4435:
4379:
3795:
3679:
3465:
3394:
3367:
3311:
3178:
3151:
3126:
3099:
3072:
3021:
2950:
2923:
2896:
2845:
2818:
2775:
2748:
2722:
2671:
2644:
2617:
2528:
2473:
2420:
2398:
2342:
2305:
2271:
2244:
2201:
2194:
2178:
1873:
An incompletely castrated male in livestock species (horse and cattle) is known as a
1567:
1553:
1516:
1450:
1446:
1031:
513:
in Africa, unknown numbers of Africans were enslaved and shipped to the Middle East.
423:
92:
30:
This article is about the practice as applied to humans. For livestock and pets, see
5281:
2554:. Pub. by the General Evangelical Protestant missionary society of Germany. p.
606:
6359:
6226:
5941:
5777:
5424:
5397:
5377:
5262:
5195:
5187:
5073:
4973:
4930:
4848:
4840:
4792:
4500:
3148:
Women shall not rule : imperial wives and concubines in China from Han to Liao
2817:. Britannica Educational Publishing, The Rosen Publishing Group. 2010. p. 76.
2397:. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 107.
2234:
2166:
1974:
1770:
1537:
1364:
1342:
1320:
1275:
1129:
1066:
989:
598:
556:
510:
148:
4257:
2915:
2358:"An Annotated Translation of the Life of St. Thomas Becket by William Fitzstephen"
2170:
1470:. However, in his own comments Jesus had no condemnation for any of the above. In
722:. Some of them oversaw the Korean concubines in the harem of the Chinese Emperor.
6369:
6313:
6276:
6221:
5951:
5885:
5815:
5803:
5759:
5631:
5592:
5529:
5508:
5487:
5466:
5334:
5288:
5161:
4359:
Lorie A. Fridell (2016). "Producing Bias-Free Policing: A Science-Based Approach"
2796:
2742:
2716:
1927:
1889:
1786:
1160:"chemical castration" has been studied and developed as a preventive measure and
1078:
1070:
1042:
825:
809:(Chengtian) played a large role in the raids to capture and emasculate the boys.
697:
682:
468:
449:
384:
is intended to favor a desired development of the animal or of its habits, as an
222:
5429:
5412:
5008:
4554:"She thought she was unshockable, then two castrated Ukrainian soldiers arrived"
933:
in total served the palace in Joseon dynasty period. They also took the exam on
821:. The boys were all under ten years old and were selected for their good looks.
6281:
6114:
6061:
6056:
5862:
1923:
1559:
1430:
1180:
1169:
1000:
879:
756:
587:
502:
389:
250:
210:
55:
5694:
The World of the Castrati: the History of an Extraordinary Operatic Phenomenon
5413:"Epidemiologic study of risk factors for lower urinary tract diseases in cats"
5191:
3714:
3386:
3363:
Manthropology: The Science of Why the Modern Male Is Not the Man He Used to Be
2714:
2636:
1689:
reportedly had urinary incontinence associated with the removal of the penis.
6333:
6260:
5987:
5929:
5902:
5552:
Women Shall Not Rule: Imperial Wives and Concubines in China from Han to Liao
5176:"Coercion, Incarceration, and Chemical Castration: An Argument From Autonomy"
5035:
4985:
4942:
4439:
2275:
2054:
1979:
1938:
1711:
1675:
distributed in female pattern. They may have a low sex drive or none at all.
1523:
1004:
775:
668:
578:
546:
385:
215:
136:
38:
5077:
4053:"Anderson's infamous rapist, once set to be castrated, gets new prison term"
3707:"首页 > 06史藏-1725部 > 03别史-100部 > 49-明实录宪宗实录-- > 106-明宪宗纯皇帝实录卷之一百六"
3334:
2239:
2222:
1019:
982:
6318:
6046:
5969:
5438:
5389:
5209:
5085:
4505:
3936:
3918:
3900:
3882:
3864:
3846:
3828:
3769:
3751:
3624:
3584:
3566:
3548:
3530:
3512:
3494:
2248:
2139:
2038:
2006:
1946:
1860:
1830:
1801:
1793:
1652:
1490:
1268:
1085:
magistrate and then was sent to Beijing to work as a eunuch in the palace.
959:
934:
839:
832:
802:
786:
715:
686:
626:
618:
534:), Spain, castrated captives who were then enslaved as harem attendants in
483:
476:
472:
408:
397:
367:
359:
265:
184:
143:
42:
5267:
5250:
4852:
4805:
3654:
3639:
3068:
Notable women of China : Shang dynasty to the early twentieth century
2357:
6303:
6034:
6012:
2011:
1942:
1900:
1766:
1693:
1434:
1224:
1173:
1134:
1109:
mocked eunuchs in her poem as a stand-in for criticizing the government.
966:, and dog bites were replaced by more sophisticated surgical techniques.
944:
814:
763:
741:
701:
693:
645:
343:
205:
5822:
Boar taint in pigs selected for components of efficient lean growth rate
5724:
5043:
3052:
3040:
1866:
1824:
1289:
appeared to show Russian soldiers castrating a Ukrainian captive with a
1263:, and Ethiopian forces practiced castration and emasculation during the
6200:
6024:
5282:
Genetics of Boar Taint: Implications for the Future Use of Intact Males
4993:
4950:
4844:
4272:"Rapists should be castrated—Gbajabiamila | Premium Times Nigeria"
2270:(1). Romania: Cluj-Napoca : Presa Universitară Clujeană: 175–178.
1915:
1797:
1672:
1433:, the main object of hijra veneration, is specifically associated with
1294:
1290:
1161:
1038:
535:
179:
174:
3219:. D. Appleton and Company. 1888. p. 145 – via Google Books.
888:
system was revised, and the department was renamed the "Department of
649:
as the person who reported the incident admitted it was speculative.
6051:
5977:
4965:
4918:
4258:"Nigeria: House of Reps Rejects Castration as Punishment for Rapists"
4229:
2059:
2049:
2032:
1813:
1732:
1686:
1608:
1376:
1165:
1058:
806:
708:
595:
375:
335:
169:
164:
31:
6130:
5662:
5573:
Notable Women of China: Shang Dynasty to the Early Twentieth Century
5155:"Chemical castration – breaking the cycle of paraphiliac recidivism"
4977:
4934:
3878:
The Flaming Womb: Repositioning Women in Early Modern Southeast Asia
747:
At the end of the Ming dynasty, there were about 70,000 eunuchs (宦官
6295:
6004:
5872:
4482:
Man Is Not Lost: the Log of a Pioneer RAF Pilot/Navigator 1933–1946
2919:
The Cambridge history of China: The Ming dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1
1989:
1919:
1911:
1895:
1604:, Kham (Ham) castrated his father Noah and was cursed as a result.
1478:, demonstrating acceptance of castrated individuals in his church.
1380:
1329:
1314:
1260:
1196:
1065:), after which they ended up near the coast of Vietnam, during the
1050:
963:
871:
730:
453:
371:
4901:
1710:
In the case of chemical castration, ongoing regular injections of
718:(1368–1644 AD), China demanded eunuchs to be sent as tribute from
6237:
4626:
Korniichuk, Yana; Babinets, Anna; Lozovsky, Ilya (2 April 2024).
2021:
1842:
1817:
1805:
1762:
1589:
1573:
1352:
1324:
1298:
1200:
1114:
1062:
1049:
A 1499 entry in the Ming Shilu recorded that 13 Chinese men from
1012:
951:
848:
782:
636:
The procedure of castration as punishment during the 16th century
531:
393:
363:
323:
2494:"Time for the truth about Catholic sex abuse in the Netherlands"
1888:
have developed to such a point as to give him the appearance of
1773:
are rather aggressive and troublesome. The same applies to male
1244:
An Italian soldier who was castrated and emasculated during the
4789:
4777:
Eusebius' Church History Book 6, Chapter 8 Origen's Daring Deed
4427:
3055:(Page 19 on online document viewer, Page 13 on actual document)
3043:(Page 18 on online document viewer, Page 12 on actual document)
2916:
Frederick W. Mote; Denis Twitchett; John King Fairbank (1988).
2864:
2690:
2016:
1789:
and used for breeding: they may fetch higher prices when sold.
1545:
1508:
1360:
1334:
1054:
875:
852:
726:
614:
560:
434:
5249:
Needham, T.; Lambrechts, H.; Hoffman, L.C. (9 November 2017).
4327:"Alabama orders 'chemical castration' of some child molesters"
2801:. Saint Catherine Press. p. 144 – via Google Books.
2747:. Bayerisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege. 2001. p. 273.
696:(221–206 BC) to perform forced labor for projects such as the
6291:
5675:
Harmony and War: Confucian Culture and Chinese Power Politics
5367:
5173:
4301:"Louisiana Legalizes Surgical Castration For Child Molesters"
3963:"Lawmaker introduces sex offender castration bill in Alabama"
3307:
Empress Dowager Cixi: The Concubine Who Launched Modern China
1953:
1836:
1644:
1601:
1552:, though, significantly the word "virgin" was substituted in
1458:). Given Jesus' frequent use of metaphor and hyperbole, e.g.
955:
950:
According to legend, castration consisted of daubing a boy's
790:
779:
719:
632:
339:
5808:
5731:
Research on the System of Imperial Harem in the Liao Dynasty
5611:
Tuotuo. Liaoshi . Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1974 (or Tuotuo,
2892:
The Grand Scribe's Records: The Memoirs of Han China, Part 1
2264:"The Slave Trade and its Routes in the Mediterranean Region"
1796:
the undesirable odour or taint of uncastrated males, called
678:–1050 BC), when the Shang kings castrated prisoners of war.
358:(permanently preventing the castrated person or animal from
3387:
Gwyn Campbell; Suzanne Miers; Joseph Calder Miller (2009).
2715:
Gwyn Campbell; Suzanne Miers; Joseph Calder Miller (2009).
2637:
Gwyn Campbell; Suzanne Miers; Joseph Calder Miller (2009).
1778:
1774:
1504:
Well-known Christian eunuchs (or alleged eunuchs) include:
915:"), who held the official title of senior second rank, and
331:
200:
5818:
Website arguing against the castration of domestic animals
5664:
Southeast Asia in the Ming Shi-lu: an open access resource
5492:(illustrated ed.). University of Pennsylvania Press.
5410:
4625:
2794:
2095:
1094:
records that in 1467 in An Bang province of Dai Viet (now
5164:
Social Justice, Spring, 1999 by Christopher Meisenkothen.
5118:"Upside to castration? Eunuchs lived longer, study finds"
4885:
Islamic Homosexualities: Culture, History, and Literature
4628:"Russian soldiers torturing their Ukrainian counterparts"
1758:
when attempting to get to nearby females of the species.
692:
Men were castrated and made into state slaves during the
27:
Surgical or chemical action that removes use of testicles
5753:
Research on the System of Imperial Harem in Liao Dynasty
5748:
Research on the System of Imperial Harem in Liao Dynasty
5743:
Research on the System of Imperial Harem in Liao Dynasty
5646:. Sinica Leidensia V. 47 (illustrated ed.). BRILL.
5248:
5145:
by Candace Rondeaux for the Washington Post, 5 July 2006
4654:"Sexual Violence in the Russian Invasion of the Ukraine"
2841:
Women in traditional Chinese theater: the heroine's play
2472:. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 202–204.
2029:, the approach typically used to treat testicular cancer
1685:
Historically, many eunuchs who additionally underwent a
755:) employed by the emperor, with some serving inside the
5733:] (Master's) (in Chinese). 吉林大学 (Jilin University).
3236:. Appleton. 1886. p. 145 – via Google Books.
2332:
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
2302:
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
1851:
801:. Another source was during their war with the Chinese
482:
Castration has also been used in the United States for
5417:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
4244:"Pakistani Kashmir approves castration for pedophilia"
3999:
3955:
2227:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
1515:
to have castrated himself based on his reading of the
5797:
The Journal of Clinical Endrocrinology and Metabolism
5486:
Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana; Anderson, James, eds. (2011).
5411:
Lekcharoensuk; Osborne, C. A.; Lulich, J. P. (2001).
3436:
3413:
2082:
That Which Was Missing: The Archaeology of Castration
5773:
5594:
The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty (Ming Tai Huan Kuan)
5471:(illustrated ed.). W. W. Norton & Company.
5148:
5066:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
3765:
The Eunuchs in the Ming dynasty (Ming Tai Huan Kuan)
3747:
The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty (Ming Tai Huan Kuan)
3490:
The Eunuchs in the Ming dynasty (Ming Tai Huan Kuan)
3013:
2942:
2663:
842:(1644–1911 AD), the sons and grandsons of the rebel
479:
is the most common treatment for testicular cancer.
5678:(illustrated ed.). Columbia University Press.
5224:"Castrated California Child Molester Wants Freedom"
1607:In Judaism, castrated animals are deemed unfit for
1489:Paul, arguing against self-righteousness regarding
392:. The parallel of castration for female animals is
5722:
5007:Peschel, Enid Rhodes; Peschel, Richard E. (1987).
4832:
4660:(Interview). Yale Jackson School of Global Affairs
3483:
3481:
2970:
2419:
2193:
1812:In the case of pets, castration is usually called
1466:, a Law which also discouraged literal castration
590:as a punishment for disobedience. In the medieval
586:castrated the members of the cathedral chapter of
4900:Al-Bukhari, Imam Muhammad. "Book 62, Hadith 13".
3833:
2888:
1210:. However, there remains support for the policy.
374:. Surgical castration in animals is often called
6331:
4632:Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project
4167:"Council of Europe report on the Czech Republic"
4135:"'Chemical castration' OK'd for Montana inmates"
3359:
3064:
2003:, a serial killer who castrated his male victims
5485:
5301:"Managing Boar Taint: Focus on Genetic Markers"
5226:. Fox News Channel. 3 July 2006. Archived from
4680:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
3478:
2585:. American Presbyterian mission press. p.
2220:
1753:; to reduce or prevent other manifestations of
874:("History of Goryeo"), a compilation about the
5303:. The Pig Site. 12 August 2007. Archived from
5006:
4376:Sexual Violence Against Men in Global Politics
4201:
4182:"Europeans Debate Castration of Sex Offenders"
4141:
3246:
3170:
2196:Islam's Black Slaves: The Other Black Diaspora
1884:is used for a male animal castrated after the
1854:(cattle) (Castration performed on mature bull)
1666:Neutering § Health and behavioral effects
1351:and other pieces from this period now sung by
609:. He was castrated by relatives of his lover,
6146:
5925:Transurethral needle ablation of the prostate
5848:
5009:"Medical Insights into the Castrati in Opera"
4369:
4367:
4365:
3860:In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History
3439:"Bí mật về thái giám trong cung triều Nguyễn"
3416:"Bí mật về thái giám trong cung triều Nguyễn"
3250:Clarence King Memoirs: The Helmet of Mambrino
3053:祝建龙 (Zhu Jianlong), 二〇〇九年四月 (April 2009), 13.
3041:祝建龙 (Zhu Jianlong), 二〇〇九年四月 (April 2009), 12.
2440:
1863:(cattle) (Castration performed on young calf)
927:"), both of which held rank as officers. 140
492:
463:Either surgical removal of both testicles or
362:); it also greatly reduces the production of
300:
4917:Berger, Morroe; Levy, Reuben (August 1957).
4882:
4835:The Words of a Wise Man's Mouth are Gracious
4401:Socialization and social control in Ethiopia
4197:
4195:
4179:
3508:The History Buddhism in Vietnam, Vol. IIID.5
3203:. 1880. p. 83 – via Google Books.
2844:. University Press of America. p. 149.
938:
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
898:
889:
883:
865:
740:, Chinese commanders castrated thousands of
667:Records of castrations in China date to the
354:to deactivate the testes. Castration causes
5618:
4417:
4286:"Kano Monarch okays castration for rapists"
4106:
4083:"Alabama Moves to State-Ordered Castration"
3790:(illustrated ed.). UBC Press. p.
3780:
3674:(illustrated ed.). UBC Press. p.
3665:
3464:. Cambridge University Press. p. 121.
3177:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 193.
3009:
3007:
2922:. Cambridge University Press. p. 976.
2547:
2527:. Barcelona: Editorial EGALES. p. 37.
1271:was allegedly one victim of this practice.
962:, eunuchs became a desirable commodity for
958:and having a dog bite them off. During the
769:
6153:
6139:
5855:
5841:
5639:
4963:
4916:
4712:"Javier Medina – 'I'm A Natural Castrato'"
4362:
4027:"3 ask for castration as option to prison"
3303:
2221:Wilson, Jean D.; Roehrborn, Claus (1999).
2159:International Feminist Journal of Politics
981:was a prominent eunuch general during the
878:period. In 1392, with the founding of the
307:
293:
5737:English language Abstracts of the thesis
5428:
5266:
5199:
5136:
5110:
4742:"Religion and expressive culture – Hijra"
4577:
4493:
4373:
4192:
3150:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 261.
2895:. Indiana University Press. p. 231.
2774:. Harvard University Press. p. 252.
2238:
1235:
396:. Castration may also refer medically to
5712:Reviews in Review of Biblical Literature
5569:
5293:
5063:
4651:
4487:
4452:
4324:
4006:Schmidt, William E. (26 November 1983).
3329:
3327:
3253:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. p.
3004:
2865:Edward Theodore Chalmers Werner (1919).
2691:Edward Theodore Chalmers Werner (1919).
2525:Transexualidades: Otras Miradas Posibles
2390:
1894:
1740:
1526:considers the account genuine but cites
1323:and to prevent their voices breaking at
1239:
1075:Vietnamese imperial palace in Thang Long
631:
496:
422:
49:
5908:Transurethral resection of the prostate
5570:Peterson, Barbara Bennett, ed. (2000).
5555:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
5548:
5324:
5322:
5255:South African Journal of Animal Science
4398:
4204:"Sex offences advisor backs castration"
4024:
4008:"Rape Sentence: Castration or 30 Years"
4005:
3932:Aching for Beauty: Footbinding in China
3544:Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368–1644
3526:Aching for Beauty: Footbinding in China
3145:
3125:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
3118:
3098:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
3091:
2991:
2837:
2467:
2417:
2156:
2140:"Some Sex Offenders Opt for Castration"
1659:
407:may also be sometimes used to refer to
14:
6332:
5881:Transurethral incision of the prostate
5528:Lary, Diana (2007). Diana Lary (ed.).
5361:
4899:
4883:Roscoe, Will; Murray, Stephen (1997).
4830:
4525:
4426:]. Reprints Einaudi (in Italian).
3668:"Ming China and Its Border with Annam"
3459:
3437:Theo Công An Nhân Dân (18 July 2013).
3414:Theo Công An Nhân Dân (18 July 2013).
3393:. Ohio University Press. p. 137.
2771:The early Chinese empires: Qin and Han
2721:. Ohio University Press. p. 138.
2643:. Ohio University Press. p. 136.
2355:
2185:
2079:
2041:, the equivalent operation for ovaries
1699:
1562:, who was inspired by this same verse
1147:
943:system was repealed in 1894 following
762:The last imperial eunuch in China was
6160:
6134:
5920:Transurethral microwave thermotherapy
5836:
5576:(illustrated ed.). M.E. Sharpe.
5464:
4691:
4678:John Rosselli, "Castrato" article in
4298:
4050:
3324:
2767:
2609:
2578:
2522:
2191:
2073:
1548:, according to the church history of
1041:reported that when some Chinese from
256:Prosecution of gender-targeted crimes
62:depicting an operation for castration
5671:
5660:
5597:(illustrated ed.). SUNY Press.
5590:
5527:
5506:
5370:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
5319:
5275:
4672:
4551:
4526:Barber, Harriet (28 November 2022).
4218:
4025:Hirsley, Michael (10 January 1985).
3650:
3635:
3603:. LONDON: Trübner & Co. p.
3562:Children in Slavery Through the Ages
3390:Children in slavery through the ages
2718:Children in slavery through the ages
2640:Children in slavery through the ages
1678:Castration stops the progression of
997:Fourth Chinese domination of Vietnam
903:system included two ranks, those of
552:Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
346:(excision of both testicles), while
5863:Tests and procedures involving the
5534:(illustrated ed.). UBC Press.
4226:"Cutting the numbers re-offending?"
3914:Fodor's See It Vietnam, 3rd Edition
3085:
2973:Journal of Asian history, Volume 25
2871:. Charles Scribner's Sons. p.
2795:History of Science Society (1952).
2697:. Charles Scribner's Sons. p.
2261:
1761:Male horses are usually castrated (
1355:and countertenors were written for
342:. Surgical castration is bilateral
24:
6217:Obligatory Dangerousness Criterion
3200:Translations of the Peking Gazette
3065:Bennett Peterson, Barbara (2000).
2992:Menzies, Gavin (2 February 2003).
2325:
2295:
1922:tool or emasculators to crush the
1117:were the Emperor and his eunuchs.
467:may be carried out in the case of
381:
25:
6396:
6080:Frenuloplasty of prepuce of penis
5769:
5723:祝建龙 (Zhu Jianlong) (April 2009).
5489:The Tongking Gulf Through History
4692:Ellis, Samantha (5 August 2002).
4151:. 6 December 2011. Archived from
3842:The Tongking Gulf Through History
3824:The Tongking Gulf Through History
3310:. New York: Anchor. p. 131.
2977:. O. Harrassowitz. 1991. p.
2422:The History of Western Philosophy
2394:Royal imagery in medieval Georgia
2192:Segal, Ronald (9 February 2002).
1952:Certain animals, like horses and
1633:conquests in the Byzantine Empire
1327:. The first documents mentioning
1208:Nigerian House of Representatives
831:Some legends say that the Mongol
5913:Radical retropubic prostatectomy
5776:
5615:(Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1974))
5531:The Chinese State at the Borders
5445:
5404:
5339:
5242:
5216:
5167:
5092:
5057:
5000:
4957:
4910:
4891:
4876:
4824:
4798:
4783:
4770:
4756:
4734:
4704:
4685:
4652:Brancati, Dawn (12 April 2022).
4645:
4619:
4597:
4578:Luckhurst, Josh (18 June 2023).
4571:
4552:Lamb, Christina (17 June 2023).
4545:
4519:
4474:
4465:
4446:
4411:
4392:
4353:
4137:. N.Y. Times News Service. 1997.
3787:The Chinese State at the Borders
3672:The Chinese State at the Borders
3174:In the footsteps of Genghis Khan
2426:. Simon & Schuster. p.
1899:Rubber rings and pliers used in
1737:Veterinary sterilization surgery
1726:
1649:history of slavery in the Muslim
1556:' Latin translation of Eusebius.
1287:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
5640:van de Ven, H. J., ed. (2000).
5458:
4919:"The Social Structure of Islam"
4494:Jankowicz, Mia (29 July 2022).
4344:
4318:
4292:
4278:
4264:
4250:
4236:
4173:
4169:. Cpt.coe.int. 5 February 2009.
4159:
4149:"Grant a pardon to Alan Turing"
4127:
4100:
4075:
4051:Ellis, Mike (20 January 2016).
4044:
4018:
3973:
3941:
3923:
3905:
3887:
3869:
3851:
3815:
3774:
3756:
3738:
3729:
3699:
3659:
3644:
3629:
3611:
3589:
3571:
3553:
3535:
3517:
3499:
3453:
3430:
3407:
3380:
3353:
3297:
3271:
3266:Cruelty to Children Yakoob Beg.
3240:
3223:
3207:
3191:
3164:
3139:
3112:
3058:
3046:
3034:
3017:The eunuchs in the Ming dynasty
2985:
2963:
2946:The eunuchs in the Ming dynasty
2936:
2909:
2882:
2858:
2831:
2805:
2788:
2761:
2735:
2708:
2684:
2667:The eunuchs in the Ming dynasty
2657:
2630:
2603:
2572:
2541:
2516:
2486:
2461:
2441:Newburgh (of), William (1920).
2434:
2411:
2384:
2349:
2319:
2268:Studia et Documenta Turcologica
2114:"Testicular cancer – Treatment"
1440:
1407:. In modern times, the Mexican
704:were also used as slave labor.
555:reports castration of defeated
5591:Tsai, Shih-Shan Henry (1996).
4399:Molvaer, Reidulf Knut (1995).
4378:. Routledge. pp. 72, 79.
4325:Chandler, Kim (16 June 2019).
4202:Whitehead, Tom (20 May 2009).
4180:Dan Bilefsky (10 March 2009).
3580:Việt Nam: Borderless Histories
3092:McMahon, Keith (6 June 2013).
2616:. Rand, McNally. p. 406.
2289:
2255:
2214:
2150:
2132:
2106:
2088:
1926:and disrupt the blood supply,
1580:movement founded in the 1760s.
1399:(1858–1922) who served in the
1252:Castration and other forms of
1030:Several Malay envoys from the
738:Miao Rebellions (Ming dynasty)
400:in female humans and animals.
13:
1:
5382:10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00261-7
5180:Journal of Bioethical Inquiry
3014:Shih-shan Henry Tsai (1996).
2943:Shih-shan Henry Tsai (1996).
2877:castration inflicted li ling.
2664:Shih-shan Henry Tsai (1996).
2582:China in the light of history
2171:10.1080/14616742.2018.1522264
2066:
1886:secondary sex characteristics
1267:(1935–1937). Italian aviator
999:, the Ming Chinese under the
864:The eunuchs of Korea, called
714:During the early part of the
672:
640:
541:
509:Over the 13 centuries of the
442:
4923:American Sociological Review
4484:1997 p.113 ISBN 1853108685
4418:Antonicelli, Franco (1975).
4299:Cline, Sara (21 June 2024).
3713:(in Chinese). Archived from
2457:– via openlibrary.org.
2449:(in Latin). SPCK. p. 21
2084:(PhD). University of Oxford.
1359:. Some of the alto parts of
1285:A video released during the
1217:
629:(removal of the genitalia).
7:
5792:Castration Through the Ages
5430:10.2460/javma.2001.218.1429
4964:Brunschvig, Robert (1962).
4694:"All mouth and no trousers"
3981:"Castrated men live longer"
3462:A history of the Vietnamese
2768:Lewis, Mark Edward (2007).
2610:Lalor, John Joseph (1882).
1967:
1945:the animal against his own
1910:castration include instant
1419:
1414:
1123:
1015:was Xing An, a Vietnamese.
623:hanged, drawn and quartered
601:was castrated by his uncle
330:, or otherwise, by which a
271:Masculist views on violence
10:
6401:
5643:Warfare in Chinese History
5465:Bauer, Susan Wise (2010).
4903:Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 7
4806:"Ask the Rabbi: Vasectomy"
3784:(2007). Diana Lary (ed.).
3366:. Macmillan. p. 280.
3071:. Routledge. p. 259.
3020:. SUNY Press. p. 16.
2949:. SUNY Press. p. 16.
2670:. SUNY Press. p. 11.
2418:Russell, Bertrand (1945).
1730:
1703:
1663:
1584:
1576:, a branch of the Russian
1474:, a eunuch is baptized by
1312:
1265:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
1246:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
969:
921:(내관, 內官, "Common official
524:
493:Africa and the Middle East
418:
246:Discrimination against men
36:
29:
6365:Male genital modification
6290:
6269:
6235:
6209:
6168:
6107:
6070:
6042:
6033:
6003:
5968:
5950:
5871:
5758:25 September 2018 at the
5192:10.1007/s11673-013-9465-4
4766:. Ccel.org. 13 July 2005.
3403:– via Google Books.
3376:– via Google Books.
3360:Peter McAllister (2010).
3320:– via Google Books.
3285:. New York. 20 March 1880
3187:– via Google Books.
3135:– via Google Books.
3108:– via Google Books.
3081:– via Google Books.
3030:– via Google Books.
2981:– via Google Books.
2959:– via Google Books.
2932:– via Google Books.
2905:– via Google Books.
2875:– via archive.org.
2854:– via Google Books.
2827:– via Google Books.
2784:– via Google Books.
2757:– via Google Books.
2731:– via Google Books.
2703:castration capital avoid.
2680:– via Google Books.
2407:– via Google Books.
2391:Eastmond, Antony (1998).
2370:Loyola University Chicago
1992:, a castrated male singer
1629:Muslim conquest of Persia
1170:sexually related violence
519:
411:where both the testicles
137:Involuntary penis removal
115:Forced genital mutilation
5865:male reproductive system
5725:
5717:Understanding Castration
5672:Wang, Yuan-Kang (2013).
5347:"Mythbusting Boar Taint"
5333:10 February 2009 at the
4405:Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
4210:. London. Archived from
4188:. Europe;Czech Republic.
3857:Chandler (1987), p. 129
3559:Campbell (2009), p. 147
3541:Goodrich (1976), p. 691
2470:The Tudor Law of Treason
2262:Gök, H. İbrahim (2013).
2080:Reusch, Kathryn (2013).
2001:Cleveland Torso Murderer
1622:
1308:
1230:self-fulfilling prophecy
1214:forced to be castrated.
1168:, such as rape or other
859:
770:Non-Han peoples in China
655:
58:medical illustration by
37:Not to be confused with
6385:Wartime sexual violence
5802:5 December 2010 at the
5549:McMahon, Keith (2013).
5287:31 October 2007 at the
5160:1 February 2009 at the
5078:10.1210/jcem-20-10-1309
4966:"Metiers vils en Islam"
3893:Woodside (1971), p. 66
3670:. In Diana Lary (ed.).
3505:Nguyẽ̂n (2008), p. 169
3247:James D. Hague (1904).
3171:John DeFrancis (1993).
3146:McMahon, Keith (2013).
3119:McMahon, Keith (2013).
2356:Gourde, Leo T. (1943).
2240:10.1210/jcem.84.12.6206
1914:removal, the use of an
1483:First Council of Nicaea
1481:The first canon of the
1254:male genital mutilation
1199:-controlled section of
1091:Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư
1022:the Vietnamese Emperor
625:, which often included
193:Sexual assault and rape
6309:Mental health tribunal
6181:Involuntary commitment
6090:Penile plethysmography
5935:Prostate brachytherapy
5784:Human sexuality portal
5622:; et al. (1344).
4658:ISS Reflections Series
4432:Giulio Einaudi Editore
3911:Fodor's (2012), p. 31
3875:Andaya (2006), p. 177
3460:Taylor, K. W. (2013).
2889:Ch'ien Ssu-Ma (2008).
2523:Missé, Miquel (2013).
2468:Bellamy, John (1979).
1903:
1746:
1745:A mule being castrated
1578:Spiritual Christianity
1249:
1236:Torture and war crimes
1061:'s Qin subprefecture (
939:
929:
923:
917:
911:
905:
899:
890:
884:
866:
637:
506:
457:
281:Violence against women
120:Involuntary castration
63:
60:Sabuncuoğlu Şerafeddin
6355:Veterinary castration
6238:medical interventions
6191:Outpatient commitment
6176:Involuntary treatment
5268:10.4314/sajas.v47i6.1
4853:10.1515/9783110901399
3929:Stearns (2006), p. 1
3839:Cooke (2011), p. 109
3821:Cooke (2011), p. 108
2579:Faber, Ernst (1897).
2033:Spaying and neutering
1898:
1785:individuals are kept
1744:
1680:male pattern baldness
1511:, who is reported by
1476:Philip the Evangelist
1367:were first sung by a
1243:
1179:In modern times, the
1164:for several repeated
635:
603:George III of Georgia
500:
426:
382:Castration of animals
261:Men's rights movement
53:
6375:Violence against men
6350:Corporal punishments
6236:Currently regulated
6196:Voluntary commitment
6075:Foreskin restoration
5896:Transurethral biopsy
5661:Wade, Geoff (2005),
5513:. HarperCollins UK.
5124:on 27 September 2012
5106:on 13 November 2007.
3762:Tsai (1996), p. 245
3735:《明宪宗实录》卷一百六,成化八年七月癸亥
3717:on 21 September 2013
3666:Leo K. Shin (2007).
3617:Rost (1887), p. 252
3577:Tran (2006), p. 116
3523:Wang (2000), p. 135
3122:Women Shall Not Rule
3095:Women Shall Not Rule
2868:China of the Chinese
2814:The History of China
2694:China of the Chinese
2548:Ernst Faber (1902).
2045:Parasitic castration
2027:Inguinal orchiectomy
1857:Stag (cattle, sheep)
1660:Medical consequences
1550:Eusebius of Caesarea
1424:In South Asia, many
1401:Sistine Chapel Choir
1186:Newcastle University
1037:A 1472 entry in the
681:During the reign of
559:at the hands of the
448:, Sala di Cosimo I,
352:pharmaceutical drugs
276:Sentencing disparity
132:Malicious castration
79:Violence against men
6256:Chemical castration
6085:Penile Frenulectomy
5814:28 May 2016 at the
5635:] (in Chinese).
5507:Keay, John (2010).
5028:1987AmSci..75..578R
4246:. EFE. 2 July 2020.
4208:The Daily Telegraph
4155:on 10 January 2012.
3985:ami.group.uq.edu.au
3744:Tsai (1996), p. 16
3487:Tsai (1996), p. 15
3304:Jung Chang (2014).
2102:. 23 February 2011.
1996:Chemical castration
1706:Chemical castration
1700:Chemical castration
1613:Temple in Jerusalem
1429:significant theme.
1397:Alessandro Moreschi
1190:Ministry of Justice
1148:Prevention of crime
1096:Quảng Ninh Province
909:(상선, 尙膳, "Chief of
594:, the 12th-century
569:William Fitzstephen
465:chemical castration
439:Cristofano Gherardi
348:chemical castration
6246:Psychoactive drugs
6120:Scrotal ultrasound
6095:Postage stamp test
5993:Vasoepididymostomy
5983:Vasectomy reversal
5891:Transrectal biopsy
5715:Theresa McCuaig, "
5016:American Scientist
4744:. Everyculture.com
4480:Richardson, F. C.
4186:The New York Times
4012:The New York Times
3283:The New York Times
2998:The New York Times
1985:Castration anxiety
1904:
1747:
1250:
766:who died in 1996.
638:
592:kingdom of Georgia
573:Vita Sancti Thomae
507:
458:
428:The Castration of
127:Male expendability
64:
6327:
6326:
6162:Mental health law
6128:
6127:
6103:
6102:
5960:Spermatocelectomy
5829:—information site
5809:Neutering NOT Org
5692:Patrick Barbier,
5230:on 18 August 2011
5072:(10): 1309–1318.
4385:978-1-315-45647-8
4288:. 24 August 2020.
4214:on 20 March 2011.
4107:Katherine Amlin.
3400:978-0-8214-1877-2
3373:978-0-312-55543-6
3317:978-0-385-35037-2
2902:978-0-253-34028-3
2824:978-1-61530-181-2
2798:Osiris, Volume 10
2781:978-0-674-02477-9
2728:978-0-8214-1877-2
2650:978-0-8214-1877-2
2534:978-84-15899-13-6
2479:978-0-7100-8729-4
2343:Project Gutenberg
2306:Project Gutenberg
2233:(12): 4324–4331.
1848:Gib (cat, ferret)
1696:rate of over 3%.
1631:as well as later
1568:John Wilkes Booth
1517:Gospel of Matthew
1451:Jesus of Nazareth
1447:Gospel of Matthew
1339:Exultate Jubilate
1032:Malacca sultanate
937:every month. The
789:they developed a
733:—were castrated.
584:Geoffrey of Anjou
334:loses use of the
317:
316:
93:Domestic violence
16:(Redirected from
6392:
6155:
6148:
6141:
6132:
6131:
6040:
6039:
5952:Seminal vesicles
5942:Prostate massage
5857:
5850:
5843:
5834:
5833:
5786:
5781:
5780:
5734:
5696:Souvenir, 1996,
5689:
5668:
5657:
5636:
5608:
5587:
5566:
5545:
5524:
5510:China: A History
5503:
5482:
5452:
5449:
5443:
5442:
5432:
5408:
5402:
5401:
5365:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5343:
5337:
5326:
5317:
5316:
5314:
5312:
5307:on 15 April 2015
5297:
5291:
5279:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5246:
5240:
5239:
5237:
5235:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5203:
5171:
5165:
5152:
5146:
5140:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5120:. Archived from
5114:
5108:
5107:
5102:. Archived from
5096:
5090:
5089:
5061:
5055:
5054:
5052:
5050:
5013:
5004:
4998:
4997:
4961:
4955:
4954:
4914:
4908:
4907:
4895:
4889:
4888:
4880:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4841:Boston, New York
4839:. Vol. 32.
4838:
4828:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4817:
4812:. 20 August 2011
4802:
4796:
4787:
4781:
4774:
4768:
4767:
4760:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4738:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4722:on 16 March 2015
4718:. Archived from
4708:
4702:
4701:
4689:
4683:
4676:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4665:
4649:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4638:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4612:
4601:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4549:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4538:
4523:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4512:
4491:
4485:
4478:
4472:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4450:
4444:
4443:
4415:
4409:
4408:
4396:
4390:
4389:
4371:
4360:
4357:
4351:
4348:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4322:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4311:
4296:
4290:
4289:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4254:
4248:
4247:
4240:
4234:
4233:
4222:
4216:
4215:
4199:
4190:
4189:
4177:
4171:
4170:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4131:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4111:. Archived from
4104:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4079:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4059:. Archived from
4057:Independent Mail
4048:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4037:
4022:
4016:
4015:
4003:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3992:
3977:
3971:
3970:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3945:
3939:
3927:
3921:
3909:
3903:
3891:
3885:
3873:
3867:
3855:
3849:
3837:
3831:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3778:
3772:
3760:
3754:
3742:
3736:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3711:明實錄 (Ming Shilu)
3703:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3692:
3663:
3657:
3648:
3642:
3633:
3627:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3593:
3587:
3575:
3569:
3557:
3551:
3539:
3533:
3521:
3515:
3503:
3497:
3485:
3476:
3475:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3449:on 21 July 2013.
3445:. Archived from
3434:
3428:
3427:
3426:on 21 July 2013.
3422:. Archived from
3411:
3405:
3404:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3335:"내시 : 지식백과"
3331:
3322:
3321:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3261:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3062:
3056:
3050:
3044:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3011:
3002:
3001:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2976:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2862:
2856:
2855:
2838:Qian Ma (2005).
2835:
2829:
2828:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2739:
2733:
2732:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2593:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2562:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2504:on 21 March 2012
2500:. Archived from
2490:
2484:
2483:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2425:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2326:Gibbon, Edward.
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2296:Gibbon, Edward.
2293:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2242:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2199:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2077:
1975:Ashley Treatment
1755:sexual behaviour
1544:180), who was a
1538:Melito of Sardis
1391:. The last true
1280:internment camps
1276:Mau Mau uprising
1130:Thomas Jefferson
1067:Chenghua Emperor
942:
932:
926:
920:
914:
908:
902:
893:
887:
869:
677:
674:
557:Byzantine Greeks
511:Arab slave trade
501:Chief Eunuch of
447:
444:
309:
302:
295:
149:Groom kidnapping
66:
65:
21:
6400:
6399:
6395:
6394:
6393:
6391:
6390:
6389:
6330:
6329:
6328:
6323:
6314:Judicial review
6286:
6265:
6231:
6222:Duty to protect
6205:
6164:
6159:
6129:
6124:
6099:
6066:
6029:
5999:
5964:
5946:
5886:Prostate biopsy
5867:
5861:
5816:Wayback Machine
5804:Wayback Machine
5782:
5775:
5772:
5760:Wayback Machine
5727:
5706:Susan Elliott,
5686:
5654:
5632:History of Liao
5605:
5584:
5563:
5542:
5521:
5500:
5479:
5461:
5456:
5455:
5450:
5446:
5409:
5405:
5366:
5362:
5352:
5350:
5345:
5344:
5340:
5335:Wayback Machine
5327:
5320:
5310:
5308:
5299:
5298:
5294:
5289:Wayback Machine
5280:
5276:
5247:
5243:
5233:
5231:
5222:
5221:
5217:
5172:
5168:
5162:Wayback Machine
5153:
5149:
5141:
5137:
5127:
5125:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5098:
5097:
5093:
5062:
5058:
5048:
5046:
5011:
5005:
5001:
4978:10.2307/1595118
4970:Studia Islamica
4962:
4958:
4935:10.2307/2089185
4915:
4911:
4896:
4892:
4881:
4877:
4867:
4865:
4863:
4847:. p. 258.
4829:
4825:
4815:
4813:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4788:
4784:
4775:
4771:
4762:
4761:
4757:
4747:
4745:
4740:
4739:
4735:
4725:
4723:
4716:Financial Times
4710:
4709:
4705:
4690:
4686:
4677:
4673:
4663:
4661:
4650:
4646:
4636:
4634:
4624:
4620:
4610:
4608:
4603:
4602:
4598:
4588:
4586:
4576:
4572:
4562:
4560:
4550:
4546:
4536:
4534:
4524:
4520:
4510:
4508:
4492:
4488:
4479:
4475:
4470:
4466:
4455:Storia Militare
4451:
4447:
4416:
4412:
4397:
4393:
4386:
4372:
4363:
4358:
4354:
4349:
4345:
4335:
4333:
4323:
4319:
4309:
4307:
4297:
4293:
4284:
4283:
4279:
4274:. 15 July 2020.
4270:
4269:
4265:
4256:
4255:
4251:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4224:
4223:
4219:
4200:
4193:
4178:
4174:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4147:
4146:
4142:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4118:
4116:
4105:
4101:
4091:
4089:
4081:
4080:
4076:
4066:
4064:
4063:on 15 July 2020
4049:
4045:
4035:
4033:
4031:Chicago Tribune
4023:
4019:
4004:
4000:
3990:
3988:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3969:. 7 March 2016.
3961:
3960:
3956:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3928:
3924:
3910:
3906:
3892:
3888:
3874:
3870:
3856:
3852:
3838:
3834:
3820:
3816:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3779:
3775:
3761:
3757:
3743:
3739:
3734:
3730:
3720:
3718:
3705:
3704:
3700:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3664:
3660:
3649:
3645:
3634:
3630:
3616:
3612:
3594:
3590:
3576:
3572:
3558:
3554:
3540:
3536:
3522:
3518:
3504:
3500:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3458:
3454:
3435:
3431:
3412:
3408:
3401:
3385:
3381:
3374:
3358:
3354:
3344:
3342:
3333:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3302:
3298:
3288:
3286:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3259:
3257:
3245:
3241:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3197:
3196:
3192:
3185:
3169:
3165:
3158:
3144:
3140:
3133:
3117:
3113:
3106:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3063:
3059:
3051:
3047:
3039:
3035:
3028:
3012:
3005:
2990:
2986:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2941:
2937:
2930:
2914:
2910:
2903:
2887:
2883:
2863:
2859:
2852:
2836:
2832:
2825:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2793:
2789:
2782:
2766:
2762:
2755:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2713:
2709:
2689:
2685:
2678:
2662:
2658:
2651:
2635:
2631:
2624:
2608:
2604:
2591:
2589:
2577:
2573:
2560:
2558:
2546:
2542:
2535:
2521:
2517:
2507:
2505:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2480:
2466:
2462:
2452:
2450:
2439:
2435:
2416:
2412:
2405:
2389:
2385:
2375:
2373:
2362:Master's Theses
2354:
2350:
2336:
2334:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2294:
2290:
2280:
2278:
2260:
2256:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2190:
2186:
2155:
2151:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2123:
2121:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2064:
1970:
1947:sexual hormones
1928:pharmacological
1924:spermatic cords
1890:sexual maturity
1800:, is caused by
1739:
1729:
1708:
1702:
1668:
1662:
1625:
1587:
1456:Matthew 19:1–12
1443:
1422:
1417:
1317:
1311:
1238:
1220:
1150:
1126:
972:
862:
826:History of Liao
783:Mongolic people
772:
698:Terracotta Army
675:
658:
643:
544:
527:
522:
495:
469:prostate cancer
450:Palazzo Vecchio
445:
421:
322:is any action,
313:
223:Sexual violence
54:A 15th century
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6398:
6388:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6300:
6298:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6284:
6279:
6273:
6271:
6267:
6266:
6264:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6242:
6240:
6233:
6232:
6230:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6213:
6211:
6207:
6206:
6204:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6178:
6172:
6170:
6166:
6165:
6158:
6157:
6150:
6143:
6135:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6122:
6117:
6115:Semen analysis
6111:
6109:
6105:
6104:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6065:
6064:
6062:Preputioplasty
6059:
6057:Penile implant
6054:
6049:
6043:
6037:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6027:
6022:
6021:
6020:
6009:
6007:
6001:
6000:
5998:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5990:
5980:
5974:
5972:
5966:
5965:
5963:
5962:
5956:
5954:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5944:
5939:
5938:
5937:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5916:
5915:
5910:
5900:
5899:
5898:
5893:
5883:
5877:
5875:
5869:
5868:
5860:
5859:
5852:
5845:
5837:
5831:
5830:
5824:
5819:
5806:
5794:
5788:
5787:
5771:
5770:External links
5768:
5767:
5766:
5765:
5764:
5763:
5762:
5750:
5745:
5735:
5720:
5713:
5704:
5690:
5685:978-0231522403
5684:
5669:
5658:
5652:
5637:
5616:
5609:
5603:
5588:
5582:
5567:
5562:978-1442222908
5561:
5546:
5541:978-0774813334
5540:
5525:
5520:978-0007372089
5519:
5504:
5499:978-0812243369
5498:
5483:
5478:978-0393078176
5477:
5460:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5444:
5423:(9): 1429–35.
5403:
5376:(1–2): 251–5.
5360:
5349:. The Pig Site
5338:
5318:
5292:
5274:
5241:
5215:
5186:(3): 393–405.
5166:
5147:
5135:
5109:
5091:
5056:
5022:(6): 578–583.
4999:
4956:
4909:
4890:
4875:
4861:
4823:
4797:
4782:
4769:
4755:
4733:
4703:
4684:
4671:
4644:
4618:
4607:. 20 June 2023
4596:
4570:
4544:
4518:
4486:
4473:
4464:
4457:(in Italian).
4445:
4434:. p. 79.
4410:
4407:. p. 104.
4391:
4384:
4361:
4352:
4343:
4317:
4291:
4277:
4263:
4260:. 5 June 2020.
4249:
4235:
4232:. 20 May 2009.
4217:
4191:
4172:
4158:
4140:
4126:
4115:on 6 July 2007
4099:
4074:
4043:
4017:
3998:
3987:. 7 March 2013
3972:
3954:
3940:
3922:
3904:
3886:
3868:
3850:
3832:
3814:
3801:978-0774813334
3800:
3773:
3755:
3737:
3728:
3698:
3685:978-0774813334
3684:
3658:
3643:
3628:
3610:
3588:
3570:
3552:
3534:
3516:
3498:
3477:
3471:978-0521875868
3470:
3452:
3429:
3406:
3399:
3379:
3372:
3352:
3323:
3316:
3296:
3270:
3239:
3222:
3206:
3190:
3183:
3163:
3157:978-1442222892
3156:
3138:
3131:
3111:
3104:
3084:
3078:978-0765605047
3077:
3057:
3045:
3033:
3026:
3003:
2984:
2962:
2955:
2935:
2928:
2908:
2901:
2881:
2857:
2850:
2830:
2823:
2804:
2787:
2780:
2760:
2753:
2734:
2727:
2707:
2683:
2676:
2656:
2649:
2629:
2622:
2602:
2571:
2540:
2533:
2515:
2485:
2478:
2460:
2433:
2410:
2403:
2383:
2348:
2318:
2288:
2254:
2213:
2207:978-0374527976
2206:
2184:
2165:(3): 409–433.
2149:
2131:
2120:. 2 March 2018
2105:
2096:"MaleCare.com"
2087:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2036:
2030:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1998:
1993:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1941:techniques to
1871:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1855:
1849:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1728:
1725:
1712:anti-androgens
1704:Main article:
1701:
1698:
1661:
1658:
1624:
1621:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1571:
1560:Boston Corbett
1557:
1534:
1495:Galatians 5:12
1472:Acts 8:34–8:39
1442:
1439:
1431:Bahuchara Mata
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1313:Main article:
1310:
1307:
1237:
1234:
1219:
1216:
1181:Czech Republic
1149:
1146:
1125:
1122:
1103:Nguyễn dynasty
1001:Yongle Emperor
979:Lý Thường Kiệt
971:
968:
894:" (내시부, 內侍府).
880:Joseon dynasty
861:
858:
795:Central Plains
771:
768:
757:Forbidden City
657:
654:
642:
639:
607:Pierre Abélard
543:
540:
526:
523:
521:
518:
503:Abdul Hamid II
494:
491:
420:
417:
390:overpopulation
388:or to prevent
315:
314:
312:
311:
304:
297:
289:
286:
285:
284:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
251:Reverse sexism
248:
240:
239:
238:Related topics
235:
234:
233:
232:
231:
230:
220:
219:
218:
213:
208:
195:
194:
190:
189:
188:
187:
182:
177:
172:
167:
159:
158:
154:
153:
152:
151:
146:
141:
140:
139:
129:
124:
123:
122:
112:
111:
110:
105:
100:
87:
86:
82:
81:
75:
74:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6397:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6337:
6335:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6301:
6299:
6297:
6293:
6289:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6274:
6272:
6268:
6262:
6261:Psychosurgery
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6243:
6241:
6239:
6234:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6214:
6212:
6208:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6186:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6173:
6171:
6167:
6163:
6156:
6151:
6149:
6144:
6142:
6137:
6136:
6133:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6106:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6072:
6069:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6044:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6032:
6026:
6023:
6019:
6016:
6015:
6014:
6011:
6010:
6008:
6006:
6002:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5988:Vasovasostomy
5986:
5985:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5971:
5967:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5955:
5953:
5949:
5943:
5940:
5936:
5933:
5932:
5931:
5930:Brachytherapy
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5905:
5904:
5903:Prostatectomy
5901:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5888:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5878:
5876:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5858:
5853:
5851:
5846:
5844:
5839:
5838:
5835:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5817:
5813:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5801:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5789:
5785:
5779:
5774:
5761:
5757:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5732:
5728:
5721:
5718:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5705:
5703:
5702:0-285-63309-0
5699:
5695:
5691:
5687:
5681:
5677:
5676:
5670:
5666:
5665:
5659:
5655:
5649:
5645:
5644:
5638:
5634:
5633:
5628:
5625:
5621:
5617:
5614:
5610:
5606:
5600:
5596:
5595:
5589:
5585:
5579:
5575:
5574:
5568:
5564:
5558:
5554:
5553:
5547:
5543:
5537:
5533:
5532:
5526:
5522:
5516:
5512:
5511:
5505:
5501:
5495:
5491:
5490:
5484:
5480:
5474:
5470:
5469:
5463:
5462:
5448:
5440:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5414:
5407:
5399:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5383:
5379:
5375:
5371:
5364:
5348:
5342:
5336:
5332:
5329:
5325:
5323:
5306:
5302:
5296:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5278:
5269:
5264:
5260:
5256:
5252:
5245:
5229:
5225:
5219:
5211:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5181:
5177:
5170:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5151:
5144:
5139:
5123:
5119:
5113:
5105:
5101:
5095:
5087:
5083:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5060:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4979:
4975:
4972:(16): 41–60.
4971:
4967:
4960:
4952:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4920:
4913:
4905:
4904:
4894:
4886:
4879:
4864:
4862:9783110901399
4858:
4854:
4850:
4846:
4842:
4837:
4836:
4827:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4794:
4791:
4786:
4778:
4773:
4765:
4759:
4743:
4737:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4707:
4699:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4675:
4659:
4655:
4648:
4633:
4629:
4622:
4606:
4600:
4585:
4581:
4574:
4559:
4555:
4548:
4533:
4532:The Telegraph
4529:
4522:
4507:
4503:
4502:
4497:
4490:
4483:
4477:
4468:
4461:(236): 37–39.
4460:
4456:
4449:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4421:
4414:
4406:
4402:
4395:
4387:
4381:
4377:
4370:
4368:
4366:
4356:
4347:
4332:
4328:
4321:
4306:
4302:
4295:
4287:
4281:
4273:
4267:
4259:
4253:
4245:
4239:
4231:
4227:
4221:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4198:
4196:
4187:
4183:
4176:
4168:
4162:
4154:
4150:
4144:
4136:
4130:
4114:
4110:
4103:
4088:
4084:
4078:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4047:
4032:
4028:
4021:
4013:
4009:
4002:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3968:
3964:
3958:
3950:
3944:
3938:
3934:
3933:
3926:
3920:
3916:
3915:
3908:
3902:
3898:
3897:
3890:
3884:
3881:, p. 177, at
3880:
3879:
3872:
3866:
3863:, p. 129, at
3862:
3861:
3854:
3848:
3845:, p. 109, at
3844:
3843:
3836:
3830:
3827:, p. 108, at
3826:
3825:
3818:
3803:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3777:
3771:
3768:, p. 245, at
3767:
3766:
3759:
3753:
3749:
3748:
3741:
3732:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3702:
3687:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3662:
3656:
3652:
3647:
3641:
3637:
3632:
3626:
3623:, p. 252, at
3622:
3621:
3614:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3592:
3586:
3583:, p. 116, at
3582:
3581:
3574:
3568:
3565:, p. 147, at
3564:
3563:
3556:
3550:
3547:, p. 691, at
3546:
3545:
3538:
3532:
3529:, p. 135, at
3528:
3527:
3520:
3514:
3511:, p. 169, at
3510:
3509:
3502:
3496:
3492:
3491:
3484:
3482:
3473:
3467:
3463:
3456:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3433:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3410:
3402:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3383:
3375:
3369:
3365:
3364:
3356:
3340:
3339:100.naver.com
3336:
3330:
3328:
3319:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3300:
3284:
3280:
3274:
3267:
3256:
3252:
3251:
3243:
3235:
3234:
3226:
3218:
3217:
3210:
3202:
3201:
3194:
3186:
3184:0-8248-1493-2
3180:
3176:
3175:
3167:
3159:
3153:
3149:
3142:
3134:
3132:9781442222908
3128:
3124:
3123:
3115:
3107:
3105:9781442222908
3101:
3097:
3096:
3088:
3080:
3074:
3070:
3069:
3061:
3054:
3049:
3042:
3037:
3029:
3027:0-7914-2687-4
3023:
3019:
3018:
3010:
3008:
2999:
2995:
2988:
2980:
2975:
2974:
2966:
2958:
2956:0-7914-2687-4
2952:
2948:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2929:0-521-24332-7
2925:
2921:
2920:
2912:
2904:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2885:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2869:
2861:
2853:
2851:0-7618-3217-3
2847:
2843:
2842:
2834:
2826:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2808:
2800:
2799:
2791:
2783:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2764:
2756:
2754:3-87490-711-2
2750:
2746:
2745:
2738:
2730:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2711:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2687:
2679:
2677:0-7914-2687-4
2673:
2669:
2668:
2660:
2652:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2633:
2625:
2623:9780598866110
2619:
2615:
2614:
2606:
2599:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2575:
2568:
2557:
2553:
2552:
2544:
2536:
2530:
2526:
2519:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2481:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2448:
2444:
2437:
2429:
2424:
2423:
2414:
2406:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2387:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2344:
2333:
2329:
2322:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2292:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2258:
2250:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2217:
2209:
2203:
2200:. Macmillan.
2198:
2197:
2188:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2119:
2115:
2109:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2083:
2076:
2072:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2055:Penis removal
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2035:(for animals)
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1980:Birth control
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1939:immunological
1936:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1897:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1876:
1869:(sheep, goat)
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1794:domestic pigs
1790:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1727:Other animals
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1716:sterilization
1713:
1707:
1697:
1695:
1690:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1667:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1603:
1600:According to
1598:
1594:
1591:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1412:
1410:
1409:Javier Medina
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1247:
1242:
1233:
1231:
1226:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1195:In 2020, the
1193:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1131:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1107:Hồ Xuân Hương
1104:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1044:
1043:Nanhai county
1040:
1035:
1033:
1028:
1025:
1024:Lê Thánh Tông
1021:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
993:
991:
986:
985:(1009–1225).
984:
980:
976:
967:
965:
961:
957:
953:
948:
946:
941:
936:
931:
925:
919:
913:
907:
901:
895:
892:
886:
881:
877:
873:
868:
857:
854:
850:
845:
841:
836:
834:
829:
827:
822:
820:
816:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
781:
777:
776:Khitan people
767:
765:
760:
758:
754:
750:
745:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
712:
710:
705:
703:
699:
695:
690:
688:
684:
679:
670:
669:Shang dynasty
665:
663:
662:Gaozu of Tang
653:
650:
647:
634:
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
615:Bishop Wimund
612:
608:
604:
600:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
580:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
553:
548:
547:Edward Gibbon
539:
537:
533:
517:
514:
512:
504:
499:
490:
487:
485:
484:sex offenders
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
455:
451:
440:
436:
432:
431:
425:
416:
414:
410:
406:
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
386:anaphrodisiac
383:
379:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
356:sterilization
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
310:
305:
303:
298:
296:
291:
290:
288:
287:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
243:
242:
241:
237:
236:
229:
226:
225:
224:
221:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
203:
202:
199:
198:
197:
196:
192:
191:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
162:
161:
160:
156:
155:
150:
147:
145:
142:
138:
135:
134:
133:
130:
128:
125:
121:
118:
117:
116:
113:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
95:
94:
91:
90:
89:
88:
84:
83:
80:
77:
76:
72:
68:
67:
61:
57:
52:
48:
44:
40:
39:Penis removal
33:
19:
6380:Sexual abuse
6319:Human rights
6277:Kendra's Law
6250:
6047:Circumcision
6017:
5970:Vas deferens
5730:
5708:
5693:
5674:
5663:
5642:
5630:
5627:
5623:
5612:
5593:
5572:
5551:
5530:
5509:
5488:
5467:
5459:Bibliography
5447:
5420:
5416:
5406:
5373:
5369:
5363:
5351:. Retrieved
5341:
5309:. Retrieved
5305:the original
5295:
5277:
5258:
5254:
5244:
5232:. Retrieved
5228:the original
5218:
5183:
5179:
5169:
5150:
5138:
5128:24 September
5126:. Retrieved
5122:the original
5112:
5104:the original
5094:
5069:
5065:
5059:
5047:. Retrieved
5019:
5015:
5002:
4969:
4959:
4926:
4922:
4912:
4902:
4893:
4887:. NYU Press.
4884:
4878:
4866:. Retrieved
4834:
4826:
4814:. Retrieved
4809:
4800:
4785:
4772:
4758:
4746:. Retrieved
4736:
4724:. Retrieved
4720:the original
4715:
4706:
4698:The Guardian
4697:
4687:
4679:
4674:
4662:. Retrieved
4657:
4647:
4635:. Retrieved
4631:
4621:
4609:. Retrieved
4599:
4587:. Retrieved
4583:
4573:
4561:. Retrieved
4557:
4547:
4535:. Retrieved
4531:
4521:
4506:Insider Inc.
4499:
4489:
4481:
4476:
4467:
4458:
4454:
4448:
4423:
4419:
4413:
4400:
4394:
4375:
4355:
4346:
4334:. Retrieved
4330:
4320:
4308:. Retrieved
4304:
4294:
4280:
4266:
4252:
4238:
4220:
4212:the original
4207:
4185:
4175:
4161:
4153:the original
4143:
4129:
4117:. Retrieved
4113:the original
4102:
4090:. Retrieved
4087:The Atlantic
4086:
4077:
4065:. Retrieved
4061:the original
4056:
4046:
4034:. Retrieved
4030:
4020:
4011:
4001:
3989:. Retrieved
3984:
3975:
3966:
3957:
3943:
3937:Google Books
3930:
3925:
3919:Google Books
3917:, p. 31, at
3912:
3907:
3901:Google Books
3899:, p. 66, at
3894:
3889:
3883:Google Books
3876:
3871:
3865:Google Books
3858:
3853:
3847:Google Books
3840:
3835:
3829:Google Books
3822:
3817:
3805:. Retrieved
3786:
3776:
3770:Google Books
3763:
3758:
3752:Google Books
3750:, p. 16, at
3745:
3740:
3731:
3719:. Retrieved
3715:the original
3710:
3701:
3689:. Retrieved
3671:
3661:
3646:
3631:
3625:Google Books
3618:
3613:
3598:
3591:
3585:Google Books
3578:
3573:
3567:Google Books
3560:
3555:
3549:Google Books
3542:
3537:
3531:Google Books
3524:
3519:
3513:Google Books
3506:
3501:
3495:Google Books
3493:, p. 15, at
3488:
3461:
3455:
3447:the original
3442:
3432:
3424:the original
3419:
3409:
3389:
3382:
3362:
3355:
3343:. Retrieved
3338:
3306:
3299:
3289:19 September
3287:. Retrieved
3282:
3273:
3265:
3260:19 September
3258:. Retrieved
3249:
3242:
3231:
3225:
3215:
3209:
3199:
3193:
3173:
3166:
3147:
3141:
3121:
3114:
3094:
3087:
3067:
3060:
3048:
3036:
3016:
2997:
2987:
2972:
2965:
2945:
2938:
2918:
2911:
2891:
2884:
2876:
2867:
2860:
2840:
2833:
2813:
2807:
2797:
2790:
2770:
2763:
2744:Qin Shihuang
2743:
2737:
2717:
2710:
2702:
2693:
2686:
2666:
2659:
2639:
2632:
2612:
2605:
2597:
2590:. Retrieved
2581:
2574:
2566:
2559:. Retrieved
2550:
2543:
2524:
2518:
2506:. Retrieved
2502:the original
2497:
2488:
2469:
2463:
2451:. Retrieved
2446:
2436:
2421:
2413:
2393:
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2365:
2361:
2351:
2341:– via
2335:. Retrieved
2331:
2328:"Chapter 59"
2321:
2309:. Retrieved
2301:
2298:"Chapter 56"
2291:
2279:. Retrieved
2267:
2257:
2230:
2226:
2216:
2195:
2187:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2143:
2134:
2122:. Retrieved
2117:
2108:
2100:MaleCare.com
2099:
2090:
2081:
2075:
2039:Oophorectomy
2007:Emasculation
1962:
1958:
1951:
1905:
1881:
1879:
1874:
1872:
1811:
1802:androstenone
1791:
1767:emasculators
1760:
1751:reproduction
1748:
1723:
1720:
1709:
1691:
1684:
1677:
1669:
1642:
1626:
1606:
1599:
1595:
1588:
1541:
1530:
1503:
1491:circumcision
1488:
1480:
1464:Matthew 5:17
1444:
1441:Christianity
1423:
1404:
1392:
1372:
1368:
1356:
1346:
1338:
1328:
1318:
1303:
1284:
1273:
1269:Tito Minniti
1258:
1251:
1221:
1212:
1205:
1194:
1178:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1142:
1139:
1127:
1119:
1111:
1100:
1089:
1087:
1048:
1036:
1029:
1017:
994:
990:Trần dynasty
987:
977:
973:
960:Yuan dynasty
949:
935:Confucianism
896:
863:
840:Qing dynasty
837:
833:Genghis Khan
830:
823:
811:
803:Song dynasty
787:Liao dynasty
773:
761:
752:
748:
746:
735:
724:
716:Ming dynasty
713:
706:
691:
687:Zhou dynasty
680:
666:
659:
651:
644:
627:emasculation
619:high treason
576:
572:
550:
545:
528:
515:
508:
488:
481:
477:orchidectomy
473:Testosterone
462:
459:
433:: fresco by
427:
412:
409:emasculation
404:
402:
398:oophorectomy
380:
368:testosterone
319:
318:
266:Gynocentrism
185:Avunculicide
144:Shame-stroke
119:
47:
43:Emasculation
6304:Court order
6282:Laura's Law
6108:Other tests
6013:Orchiectomy
4726:22 November
3935:, p. 1, at
3782:Leo K. Shin
3345:17 December
3341:(in Korean)
2124:25 February
2012:Emasculator
1906:Methods of
1901:elastration
1694:centenarian
1435:transgender
1295:prosecutors
1225:game theory
1174:Alan Turing
1135:Steve Hurst
1009:Nguyen Lang
995:During the
954:with human
945:Gabo reform
838:During the
764:Sun Yaoting
736:During the
702:Han dynasty
694:Qin dynasty
676: 1700
646:Wim Deetman
582:) in which
446: 1560
360:reproducing
344:orchiectomy
338:: the male
206:Prison rape
103:against men
6340:Castration
6334:Categories
6251:Castration
6227:Automatism
6210:Principles
6201:Psychiatry
6185:by country
6025:Orchiopexy
6018:Castration
5827:Castration
5653:9004117741
5604:0791426874
5583:0765619296
5311:5 February
5261:(6): 731.
5049:30 January
4929:(4): 479.
4845:De Gruyter
4584:The Mirror
4509:Retrieved
4092:31 January
3653:, p.
3638:, p.
2592:11 January
2561:11 January
2453:31 January
2404:0271016280
2281:31 January
2067:References
1931:injections
1916:elastrator
1908:veterinary
1798:boar taint
1769:, because
1731:See also:
1673:pubic hair
1664:See also:
1653:al-Baydawi
1389:Caffarelli
1291:box cutter
1166:sex crimes
1162:punishment
1039:Ming Shilu
1020:Lê dynasty
983:Lý dynasty
819:Wang Ji'en
641:Modern era
579:St. Thomas
542:Punishment
536:Al-Andalus
405:castration
366:, such as
320:Castration
180:Fratricide
175:Mariticide
108:management
6345:Andrology
6296:Tribunals
6052:Penectomy
5978:Vasectomy
5624:Liao Shi
5036:0003-0996
4986:0585-5292
4943:0003-1224
4748:17 August
4558:The Times
4440:878595757
4230:Channel 4
3807:5 January
3721:5 January
3691:5 January
3651:Wade 2005
3636:Wade 2005
3443:Zing news
3420:Zing News
2276:2344-6560
2179:150313647
2060:Vasectomy
2050:Penectomy
1943:inoculate
1880:The term
1839:(chicken)
1814:neutering
1771:stallions
1733:Neutering
1687:penectomy
1617:Lev 22:24
1609:sacrifice
1468:Deut 23:1
1460:Luke 9:62
1385:Carestini
1377:Farinelli
1218:Criticism
1197:Pakistani
1158:temporary
1128:In 1778,
1105:the poet
1083:Pingxiang
1059:Guangdong
1005:Nguyễn An
844:Yaqub Beg
807:Xiao Chuo
799:Later Jin
709:Sima Qian
596:pretender
403:The term
376:neutering
336:testicles
228:Estimates
216:Male rape
211:Statutory
170:Patricide
165:Androcide
32:Neutering
18:Castrated
5873:Prostate
5812:Archived
5800:Archived
5756:Archived
5726:辽代后宫制度研究
5719:." 2009.
5439:11345305
5390:12431819
5353:15 April
5331:Archived
5285:Archived
5210:23813324
5158:Archived
5086:13711016
5044:27854886
4868:27 April
4810:Aish.com
4511:8 August
4498:. News.
4305:HuffPost
3967:CBS News
2994:"'1421'"
2508:21 March
2376:27 April
2337:27 April
2311:27 April
2249:10599682
2144:ABC News
1990:Castrato
1968:See also
1935:implants
1920:Burdizzo
1912:surgical
1833:(cattle)
1783:Breeding
1765:) using
1513:Eusebius
1437:topics.
1420:Hinduism
1415:Religion
1405:castrati
1393:castrato
1381:Senesino
1375:include
1373:Castrati
1369:castrato
1357:castrati
1353:sopranos
1348:Miserere
1330:castrati
1315:Castrato
1261:Ethiopia
1124:Americas
1079:Longzhou
1051:Wenchang
964:tributes
952:genitals
906:Sangseon
872:Goryeosa
751:, or 太監
749:huànguān
731:Zheng He
577:Life of
565:Theobald
563:marquis
561:Frankish
454:Florence
372:estrogen
364:hormones
328:chemical
324:surgical
71:a series
69:Part of
6360:Torture
6169:General
5620:Toqto'a
5613:Liaoshi
5398:7080561
5201:3824348
5024:Bibcode
4994:1595118
4951:2089185
4816:4 March
4793:Shabbos
4682:, 2001.
4664:20 July
4611:20 July
4589:20 July
4563:20 July
4537:20 July
4501:Insider
4336:22 June
4331:AP News
4310:22 June
4119:13 June
4067:13 July
4036:13 July
3991:13 July
3655:2078/79
3640:3785/86
2022:Gelding
1845:(horse)
1843:Gelding
1831:Bullock
1818:spaying
1806:skatole
1611:in the
1590:Judaism
1585:Judaism
1574:Skoptsy
1554:Rufinus
1536:Bishop
1445:In the
1365:Messiah
1343:Allegri
1325:puberty
1299:Kherson
1201:Kashmir
1101:In the
1063:Qinzhou
1018:In the
1013:Beijing
970:Vietnam
918:Naegwan
849:Lanzhou
815:Chinese
780:nomadic
753:tàijiàn
685:of the
611:Héloïse
532:Pechina
525:Slavery
419:History
394:spaying
157:Killing
98:outline
56:Ottoman
6370:Cybele
6292:Courts
6005:Testes
5700:
5682:
5650:
5601:
5580:
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5234:19 May
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2118:nhs.uk
2017:Eunuch
1867:Wether
1825:Barrow
1787:entire
1763:gelded
1546:eunuch
1531:et al.
1524:Schaff
1509:Origen
1426:hijras
1387:, and
1361:Handel
1335:Mozart
1071:Wu Rui
1055:Hainan
882:, the
876:Goryeo
853:eunuch
727:Yunnan
520:Europe
505:(1912)
435:Vasari
430:Uranus
85:Issues
6035:Penis
5729:[
5629:[
5394:S2CID
5040:JSTOR
5012:(PDF)
4990:JSTOR
4947:JSTOR
4422:[
2372:: 100
2175:S2CID
1954:swine
1861:Steer
1837:Capon
1827:(pig)
1775:mules
1645:Islam
1637:India
1623:Islam
1602:Rashi
1564:19:12
1520:19:12
1321:voice
1309:Music
956:feces
940:naesi
930:naesi
924:naesi
912:Naesi
900:Naesi
891:Naesi
885:Naesi
867:Naesi
860:Korea
791:harem
720:Korea
656:China
621:were
599:Demna
350:uses
340:gonad
6294:and
6270:Laws
5698:ISBN
5680:ISBN
5648:ISBN
5626:(宋史)
5599:ISBN
5578:ISBN
5557:ISBN
5536:ISBN
5515:ISBN
5494:ISBN
5473:ISBN
5435:PMID
5386:PMID
5355:2015
5313:2012
5236:2011
5206:PMID
5130:2012
5082:PMID
5051:2024
5032:ISSN
4982:ISSN
4939:ISSN
4870:2024
4857:ISBN
4818:2020
4795:110b
4780:..."
4750:2012
4728:2016
4666:2023
4639:2024
4613:2023
4591:2023
4565:2023
4539:2023
4513:2022
4436:OCLC
4380:ISBN
4338:2024
4312:2024
4121:2007
4094:2020
4069:2020
4038:2020
3993:2020
3809:2013
3796:ISBN
3723:2013
3693:2013
3680:ISBN
3466:ISBN
3395:ISBN
3368:ISBN
3347:2015
3312:ISBN
3291:2016
3262:2016
3179:ISBN
3152:ISBN
3127:ISBN
3100:ISBN
3073:ISBN
3022:ISBN
2951:ISBN
2924:ISBN
2897:ISBN
2846:ISBN
2819:ISBN
2776:ISBN
2749:ISBN
2723:ISBN
2672:ISBN
2645:ISBN
2618:ISBN
2594:2011
2563:2011
2529:ISBN
2510:2012
2474:ISBN
2455:2020
2443:"24"
2399:ISBN
2378:2020
2339:2020
2313:2020
2283:2020
2272:ISSN
2245:PMID
2202:ISBN
2126:2021
1937:and
1933:and
1882:stag
1804:and
1779:oxen
1735:and
1635:and
1627:The
1540:(d.
1528:Baur
1395:was
1088:The
1007:and
988:The
897:The
824:The
774:The
742:Miao
588:Sens
437:and
370:and
332:male
201:Rape
5425:doi
5421:218
5378:doi
5374:197
5263:doi
5196:PMC
5188:doi
5074:doi
4974:doi
4931:doi
4849:doi
4459:XXI
3605:252
2979:127
2873:152
2699:146
2498:RNW
2428:436
2366:622
2235:doi
2167:doi
1875:rig
1643:In
1499:NIV
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