Catholic Church and homosexuality

2157:, which codified the teaching against all extra-marital sex, including gay sex. The document stated that acceptance of homosexual activity runs counter to the church's teaching and morality. It drew a distinction between people who were homosexual because of "a false education," "a bad example" or other causes it described as "not incurable," and a "pathological" condition which was "incurable." However, it criticized those who argued that innate homosexuality justified same-sex sexual activity within loving relationships, and stated that the Bible condemned homosexual activity as depraved, "intrinsically disordered," never to be approved, and a consequence of rejecting God. 48: 2274:, as a pastoral message to parents of gay and bisexual children with guidelines for pastoral ministers. Reiterating the church's opposition to homosexuality, it told parents not to break off contact with a gay or bisexual son or daughter; they should instead look for appropriate counseling both for the child and for themselves. Gay Catholics, the bishops said, should be allowed to participate actively in the Christian community and, if living chastely, hold leadership positions. It also noted "an importance and urgency" to minister to those with AIDS, especially considering the impact it had on the gay community. 1490: 2565:

sexual orientation: a 1992 teaching said that because sexuality "evokes moral concern," sexual orientation is different from qualities such as race, ethnicity, sex, or age, which do not. It added that efforts to "protect the common good" by limiting rights were permissible and sometimes obligatory, and did not constitute discrimination. The church therefore opposes the extension of at least some aspects of civil rights legislation, such as nondiscrimination in public housing, educational or athletic employment, adoption, or military recruitment, to gay men and lesbians. The

2209:, and ultimately resulted in the exclusion of Dignity from Church property. The letter condemned physical and verbal violence against gay people but reiterated that this did not change its opposition to homosexuality or gay rights. Its claims that accepting and legalizing homosexual behaviour leads to violence ("neither the Church nor society at large should be surprised" when anti-gay hate crimes increase in the wake of gay civil rights legislation) were seen as controversially blaming gay people for homophobic violence and encouraging homophobic violence. Referring to the 2136: 2342:

prohibition on extramarital sex emphasizes the physical dimension of the act at the expense of higher moral, personal and spiritual goals and that the practice of total, lifelong sexual denial risks personal isolation. Other arguments include that the teaching violates "the truth of God’s unconditional love for all people", and drives "young people away from the Church". Opponents argue that it is preferable to believe that this element of church teaching is mistaken. The opinion of lay Catholics tends to be more supportive of gay marriage than the hierarchy.

2197:—and prompted by the growing influence of gay-accepting groups and clergy—the letter was particularly aimed at the church in the United States. It affirmed the position that while homosexual orientation is not in itself a sin, it is nevertheless a tendency towards the "moral evil" of homosexual activity, and therefore must be considered "an objective disorder", which moreover is "essentially self-indulgent" since homosexual sexual acts are not procreative and therefore not genuinely loving or selfless. 1469: 23: 1449: 2662: 1727: 2648: 1509: 1479: 2479: 2065:, a declaration allowing Catholic priests to bless people who are not considered to be married by the Church, including people in same-sex relationships. These were to be "short and simple pastoral blessings (neither liturgical nor ritualized) of couples in irregular situations (but not of their unions)". The declaration does not permit the blessing of the same-sex relationships, only the people within it. 1459: 2164:, which was the first post-Vatican II Catholic catechism and which had been commissioned by the Dutch bishops, had stated that "The very sharp strictures of Scripture on homosexual practices (Gen. 1; Rom. 1) must be read in their context" as condemning a trend for homosexuality among non-gay people, implying that people who were gay were not condemned for homosexual activity. 1990:(2020), and in a press conference in September 2021. In that press conference, he said: "If a homosexual couple wants to lead a life together, the State has the possibility to give them safety, stability, inheritance; and not only to homosexuals but to all the people who want to live together. But marriage is a sacrament, between a man and a woman". 2213:, the letter, McNeill writes, blamed AIDS on gay rights activists and gay-accepting mental health professionals: "Even when the practice of homosexuality may seriously threaten the lives and well-being of a large number of people, its advocates remain undeterred and refuse to consider the magnitude of the risks involved". 2123:, arguing that the primary natural end of the sexual act was procreation, and since said procreation is carried out from a process of sexual fertilization between a man and a woman, homosexuality is contrary to the very end of said act. He also stated that "the unnatural vice" is the greatest of the sins of 4093:

Another former Vatican Prefect, German Cardinal Müller, rejected the Declaration on 21 December, however, branding it a "sacrilegious and blasphemous act against the Creator's plan", which "directly contradicted" previous Vatican guidance and was "not based on any church doctrine, biblical teaching,

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In a statement released in July 1992, "Some Considerations Concerning the Catholic Response to Legislative Proposals on the Non-Discrimination of Homosexual Persons," the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith reiterated its position from "On the Pastoral Care of Homosexual Persons," and further

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There have been practical and ministerial disagreements within the clergy, hierarchy, and laity of the Catholic Church concerning the church's position on homosexuality. Some Catholics and Catholic groups have sought to adopt an approach they consider to be more inclusive. Dissenters argue that the

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concerned themselves in part with "accepting and valuing their sexual orientation" and place in Catholic communities, "without compromising Catholic doctrine on the family and matrimony." The reports of the synods were noted for their unusually mild language towards gay people, such as the lack of

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taught that gay people "should have an active role in the Christian community" and have called on "all Christians and citizens of good will to confront their own fears about homosexuality and to curb the humor and discrimination that offend homosexual persons. We understand that having a homosexual

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According to the Catechism, "homosexual acts" (i.e., sexual acts between persons of the same sex) are "acts of grave depravity" that are "intrinsically disordered." It continues, "They are contrary to the natural law. They close the sexual act to the gift of life. They do not proceed from a genuine

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The church also teaches that gay people "must be accepted with respect, compassion, and sensitivity", and that "every sign of unjust discrimination in their regard should be avoided." whilst holding that discrimination in marriage, employment, housing, and adoption in some circumstances can be just

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In various countries, members of the Catholic Church have intervened on occasions both to support efforts to decriminalize homosexuality, and also to ensure it remains an offence under criminal law. The Catholic Church has been described as sending "mixed signals" regarding discrimination based on

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The letter also said that accepting homosexual acts as morally equivalent to married heterosexual acts was harmful to the family and society and warned bishops to be on guard against, and not to support, Catholic organizations not upholding the Church's doctrine on homosexuality—groups which

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Catholic bishops in Poland have ruled out the possibility of blessing "same-sex unions" but remain open to blessing individuals with homosexual tendencies, only if they are "living in complete abstinence" of sexual activities. The Polish bishops' statement did not expressly criticize the Vatican

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were thought by their contemporaries to have had gay relationships, and noted a potentially romantic or sexual tone to the correspondence of others with "passionate" male friends. Some other historians disagree, and say that this correspondence represents friendship. Although homosexual acts have

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have struck similar themes, while maintaining that same-sex sexual activity is sinful and that same-sex marriage cannot be permitted. In 2018, in a move regarded as a sign of respect to the community, the Vatican used the acronym LGBT for the first time in an official document. In several public

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Canon law regarding same-sex sexual activity has been shaped through the decrees issued by a series of ecclesiastical councils. Initially, canons against sodomy were aimed at ensuring clerical or monastic discipline, and were only widened in the medieval period to include laymen. In the

2435:, has been criticized for describing the church child sex abuse crisis as a "homosexual" problem rather than a "pedophilia" problem. Donohue based his claim on the fact that most of the incidents involved sexual contact between men and boys rather than between men and girls. 1993:

While the Catholic Church explicitly denies its blessing for marital union between two people of the same sex, the Catechism of the Catholic Church goes into great detail when describing the legitimacy of individuals who identify as gay as beloved children of God.

2127:. Throughout the Middle Ages, the church repeatedly condemned homosexuality, and often collaborated with civic authorities to punish gay people. Punishment of sexual "vice" as well as religious heresy was seen as strengthening the church's moral authority. 2453:, a Jesuit news site. The group hosts a yearly conference to bring LGBT Catholics and allies together in hopes to further dialogue between the Church and LGBT faithful. The site itself hosts a myriad of difference resources, news, and advocacy projects. 2569:

published a statement that was characterized by two theologians as claiming that "nondiscrimination legislation protecting LGBT people promotes immoral sexual behavior, endangers our children, and threatens religious liberty." It also campaigns against

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and lesbian women. Courage also has a ministry geared towards the relatives and friends of gay people called Encourage. Courage is a recognized apostolate of the Church, while DignityUSA and New Ways Ministry have both been censured by the

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Although homosexuality was at variance with Catholic teaching during the Middle Ages, official penalties for homosexual behavior within the clergy, both by the church and temporal authorities, were rarely codified or enforced. Historian

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stated that discrimination against gay people in certain areas, such as selecting adoptive or foster parents or in hiring teachers, coaches, or military service members, is not unjust, and thus can be permitted in some circumstances.

2318:, which encourages Catholics with same-sex attraction to live chastely and accept Church teaching, were established in the United States in response to the push within the United States for greater recognition within the church for 2068:

While the declaration was welcomed by many Catholics, it also sparked considerable controversy and criticism, with several bishops' conferences barring the blessings in their jurisdictions or asking priests to refrain from them.

4835:"Answers to Several Questions from His Excellency, the Most Reverend José Negri, Bishop of Santo Amaro, Brazil, Regarding Participation in the Sacraments of Baptism and Matrimony by Transgender Persons and Homosexual Persons" 2360:

In response to church policy in the area of safe-sex education, AIDS, and gay rights, some gay rights activists have protested both inside and outside of Catholic churches, sometimes disrupting Masses. This includes at the

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supported a document calling for a "re-evaluation of homosexuality" and for making changes to the Catechism. On March 11, 2023, the Synodal Path with support of over 80 percentage of German Roman Catholic bishops allowed

1844:. Catholic dissenters from the official teaching say that love between people of the same sex is as spiritually valuable as love between people of the opposite sex and that LGBT Catholics are as much members of the 1816:

through a variety of official and unofficial channels that vary from diocese to diocese, and senior clergy and popes have recently begun to call for the church to do more. In many parts of the world, the Church is

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Bishops around the world have held diocesan events with the goal of reaching out to gay Catholics and ministering to them, and more have spoken publicly about the need to love and welcome them into the church.

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In Buenos Aires I used to receive letters from homosexual persons who are 'socially wounded' because they tell me that they feel like the church has always condemned them. But the church does not want to do

5363: 5892: 2097:. This includes activities engaged in by couples or individuals of either the same or different sexes. The Catholic Church's position specifically on homosexuality developed from the teachings of the 5456: 2345:

Upwards of 70 people have been fired from jobs at Catholic schools or universities because of their marriages to partners of the same sex or, in one case, support for LGBT rights campaigns. When

6102:"4 Catholic Churches Defaced in AIDS Protest : Vandalism: Caller says gay activists were angered by Archbishop Roger Mahony's condemnation of the use of condoms to fight the deadly disease" 2143:

In the late 20th century, the Church has responded to gay rights movements by reiterating its condemnation of homosexuality while acknowledging the existence of gay people. In January 1976, the

1878:

The Catholic Church teaches that, as a person does not choose to be either homosexual or heterosexual, subjectively experiencing attraction for (a) person(s) of one's own sex is not inherently

1805:

also states that gay people "must be accepted with respect, compassion, and sensitivity". This teaching has developed through papal interventions, and influenced by theologians, including the

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that same-sex attraction is genetically predetermined and unchangeable, and offers hope for prevention and treatment." The Church, however, teaches that sexual orientation is not a choice.

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orientation brings with it enough anxiety, pain and issues related to self-acceptance without society bringing additional prejudicial treatment." In 1997, they published a letter entitled

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have produced work on the history and theological issues at the intersection of Christianity and homosexuality. Some notable LGBT Catholics are or were priests or nuns, such as McNeill,

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affective and sexual complementarity. Under no circumstances can they be approved." Regarding homosexuality as an orientation, the Catechism describes it as "objectively disordered."

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estimated the percentage of gay priests in 2000 to be 23–58%, suggesting more homosexual men (active and non-active) within the Catholic priesthood than within society at large.

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by nature and express the symbolism of male-female complementarity. Sexual acts between two members of the same sex cannot meet these standards. Homosexuality thus constitutes a

6210: 5224: 6226: 5819: 5536: 3530: 3031: 2050:, Francis signalled the Church's openness to blessings for gay couples as long as they did not misrepresent the Catholic view of marriage as between one man and one woman. 1980:

and does not bless them, although some priests and bishops have offered blessings for same-sex couples or spoken in favor of priests being able to bless them. Nevertheless,

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asked "the bishops to support, with the means at their disposal, the development of appropriate forms of pastoral care for homosexual persons.” Several assemblies of the

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been consistently condemned by the Catholic Church, some senior members of the clergy have been found or alleged to have had homosexual relationships, including

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use of phrases such as "intrinsically disordered." They also reiterated the church's opposition to same-sex marriage and suggested outreach towards gay people.

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on 19 June 2022. Pope Francis: CDF statements "not intended to be a form of unjust discrimination, but rather a reminder of the truth of the liturgical rite".

5280: 1612: 5787: 2943: 5100: 4597: 4492: 3874: 3512: 3438: 2983: 2935: 3463: 3023: 2895: 2239:, a cohabiting “homoaffective” Catholic can be a godparent, being understood that where that person is not merely “cohabiting” but notoriously doing so “ 6443: 5464: 4140: 2991: 2415:, a Catholic fraternal organisation, has contributed over $ 14 million, one of the largest amounts in the United States, to political campaigns against 7137: 5487: 3235: 3039: 2478:

Instructions from Vatican bodies on admitting gay men to the priesthood have varied over time. In the 1960s chaste gay men were allowed but in 2005, a

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said that transgender people could be baptised, be godparents at a baptism, and be witnesses at weddings, so long as such situations would not cause

1617: 1537: 1385: 1119: 6661: 4107: 3841: 3603:

Deguara, Angele (2020). "The Ambivalent Relationship of LGBT Catholics with the Church". In Hood, Ralph W.; Cheruvallil-Contractor, Sariya (eds.).

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Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality: Gay People in Western Europe from the Beginning of the Christian Era to the Fourteenth Century

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as heterosexuals are. Catholic organizations that support the teaching often campaign against gay rights, and argue that gay people should be

5611: 3758: 3015: 2771: 925: 6262: 4171: 3330: 7289: 2566: 2266: 1069: 5593: 2013:, a declaration allowing Catholic priests to bless people who are not considered to be married by the Church, including same-sex couples. 1825:. The relationship between the Catholic Church and the LGBT community has often been a difficult one, especially during the height of the 6685: 4532:

The Vatican and homosexuality: reactions to the "Letter to the bishops of the Catholic Church on the pastoral care of homosexual persons"

1748: 1402: 385: 7452: 7253: 3516: 3442: 3383: 3151: 2714: 2173: 2168: 4985: 6381: 6207: 6126: 5253: 2144: 2084: 1585: 470: 5829: 5690: 4355:

Blankenhorn, Fr. Bernhard; Droste, Sr. Catherine Joseph; Jindráček, Fr. Efrem; Legge, Fr. Dominic; White, Fr. Thomas Joseph (2015).

7190: 6522: 5544: 4192: 3557: 3482: 3345: 3179: 2462: 2251:. The Vatican stated that the document "simply clarified church teaching and did not constitute new policy or a change in policy." 1837: 1708: 1635: 1412: 562: 7377: 6074: 3846: 2995: 2867: 2248: 2221: 2054: 2028: 1998: 1685: 1315: 5920: 7447: 7322: 7130: 6250: 5851: 5340: 3697: 3678:

NovenaNews: German Bishops’ head: “If a gay couple lives with faithfulness, can’t we say their relationship is blessed by God?”

3513:"Some Considerations Concerning the Catholic Response to Legislative Proposals on the Non-Discrimination of Homosexual Persons" 2939: 2915: 2370: 1741: 3543: 2979: 2811: 7332: 7042: 7021: 7000: 6979: 6958: 6875: 6586: 6477: 6051: 5433: 5193: 5077: 5043: 4299: 4265: 4231: 3632: 3277: 2971: 2963: 2763: 2504: 2225: 1960:

indicates that the Catholic Church's teachings on sexuality are "a major source of conflict and distress" to LGBT Catholics.

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Homosexual clergy, and homosexual activity by clergy, are not exclusively modern phenomena, but rather date back centuries.

7404: 7327: 6831: 5753:"Practicing Catholics and Their Attitudes on Homosexuality. Comparative Analyses, Based on Recent World Values Survey Data" 4807: 4776: 4577: 2955: 2803: 2755: 2366: 1392: 3725: 3027: 2891: 2819: 2243:” (i.e. in a sexual relationship), the situation would be “different”. The responses were signed by both Pope Francis and 2193:

people. Designed to remove any ambiguity about permissible tolerance of homosexual orientation resulting from the earlier

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Lulu Garcia-Navarro, "How The Catholic Church Aided Both The Sick And The Sickness As HIV Spread", PBS, 1 December 2019

1895: 7195: 7089: 7066: 6922: 6563: 4916: 4412: 1640: 1600: 1365: 1079: 6719: 5281:"Apostolic Visit to Ireland: Press Conference on the return flight from Dublin to Rome (Papal flight, 26 August 2018)" 7442: 7312: 7215: 7123: 7105: 5566: 5016: 4965: 4743: 4680: 4653: 4626: 4545: 2827: 2346: 2236: 1670: 1595: 1482: 1432: 1345: 1044: 111: 5513: 5138: 2287:

statements, Francis has emphasised the need to accept, welcome, and accompany LGBT people, including LGBT children.

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Margalit Fox, "Priest who pushed Catholic Church to welcome gays, dies at 90", New York Times, 25 September 2015

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Always Our Children: A pastoral message to parents of homosexual children and suggestions for pastoral ministers

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Beginning in the 1960s, a number of organizations have formed to minister to LGBT people. Organizations such as

7437: 7296: 6824: 6759: 6127:"Topless FEMEN Protesters Drench Belgian Archbishop André-Jozef Léonard, Protest Homophobia In Catholic Church" 5107: 4709: 4493:"Epistula de pastorali personarum homosexualium cura, d. 1 m. Octobris a. 1986, Congregatio pro Doctrina Fidei" 1942: 1883: 1773: 1769: 1575: 1437: 702: 495: 178: 89: 61: 6273: 7409: 7317: 7205: 5720:"Human Dignity and Homosexuality in Catholic Teaching: An Anthropological Disconnect between Truth and Love?" 1665: 1655: 1320: 1290: 1090: 690: 2549:

The church has historically been politically active in local, national, and international fora on issues of

7230: 4826: 4474: 3784: 3531:"Letter on the pastoral care of homosexual persons. Bioethics Material. Humanities and Medical Ethics Unit" 2693: 2420: 2244: 2088: 1380: 1355: 1285: 747: 245: 2201:

the letter said were not really Catholic. This alluded to LGBT and LGBT-accepting Catholic groups such as

7397: 7367: 7220: 7210: 2283: 1703: 1675: 1660: 1590: 1472: 1407: 1397: 1310: 1008: 635: 552: 485: 326: 7160: 6724: 6101: 3879: 2043: 1295: 47: 3677: 7258: 6413: 6408: 4890: 3067: 2382: 1305: 1281: 528: 260: 6341: 5641: 3930: 2612:, were influenced by both their Catholicism and their homosexuality. Gay Catholic academics such as 2597: 7284: 7146: 4698:"Resisting Traditional Catholic Sexual Teaching: Pro-Choice Advocacy and Homosexual Support Groups" 3464:"Considerations regarding proposals to give legal recognition to unions between homosexual persons" 3423: 3419: 2807: 2558: 2511:. Some popes are documented to have been homosexual or to have had male sexual partners, including 2446: 2353:

designated the school as no longer Catholic; the school has appealed his decision. As of 2019, the

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American Magazine: German bishops vote in favor of blessing same-sex unions in the Catholic Church

4255: 3908: 2775: 2554: 2101:, which was in stark contrast to Greek and Roman attitudes towards same-sex relations, including 900: 685: 52: 5638:"Boulder DailyCamera.com: Colorado, News, Business, Sports, Homes, Jobs, Cars & Information" 4371: 3988:"Pope Francis defends blessings of couples in 'irregular situations,' including same-sex unions" 3305:"What is the official church teaching on homosexuality? Responding to a commonly asked question" 2616:

who was further on expelled from the Society of Jesus in 1987 at the request of the Vatican and

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Encyclopedia of AIDS: A Social, Political, Cultural, and Scientific Record of the HIV Epidemic

5067: 4697: 4643: 4537: 4289: 4221: 3267: 905: 6776: 6342:"Bill Donohue: Catholic Sex Abuse Scandal Is Not A Pedophilia Crisis But A Homosexual Crisis" 4957: 4614: 3374: 2500: 2315: 2181:

as prefect. The letter gave instructions on how the clergy should deal with, and respond to,

2035: 2002: 1986: 1934: 1921:

The church points to several passages in the Bible as the basis for its teachings, including

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http://catholicherald.co.uk/news/2018/01/12/german-bishop-suggests-blessing-same-sex-unions/

6914: 5313: 5309:"Pope Francis calls for civil union law for same-sex couples, in shift from Vatican stance" 4145: 4112: 3123: 3119:"Pope Francis calls for civil union law for same-sex couples, in shift from Vatican stance" 2831: 2767: 2735: 2377:. Others have splattered paint on churches and drenched an archbishop with water. In 1998, 2116: 1054: 1028: 910: 727: 695: 577: 432: 240: 208: 139: 6385: 3236:"Pope Francis clarifies comments on homosexuality: "One must consider the circumstances."" 8: 6894: 6646: 6318: 3439:"LETTER TO THE BISHOPS OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH ON THE PASTORAL CARE OF HOMOSEXUAL PERSONS" 2743: 2605: 2593: 2412: 2350: 2135: 1494: 655: 368: 343: 298: 6526: 5364:"Archbishop Coleridge says synod 65/35 against Communion for the divorced and remarried" 3960:"Pope defends Vatican guidance on same-sex couples: Bless 'the people,' 'not the union'" 2314:, which advocate for the rights of LGBT Catholics and dissent from Church teaching, and 7352: 7237: 6472:(Kindle ed.). University of Chicago Press; 35th Anniversary edition. p. 176. 6239:

Synodaler Weg: Namentliches Abstimmverhalten, Schlussabstimmung (German) (pdf-document)

5488:"Church must show more compassion, respect for same-sex couples, Vatican document says" 5198: 4732: 3992: 3964: 3696:"Catholic Herald, "German bishop suggests blessing same-sex unions"(22 January 2018) - 3646: 2653: 2450: 2445:

affiliated Catholic media site dedicated to LGBT advocacy. The site was founded by Fr.

2094: 2060: 2022: 2008: 1095: 968: 835: 625: 490: 465: 447: 188: 156: 149: 116: 1906:, "homosexual acts" are "grave sins against chastity" and "expressions of the vice of 7085: 7078: 7062: 7038: 7017: 6996: 6975: 6954: 6928: 6918: 6871: 6861: 6820: 6755: 6744: 6689: 6473: 6047: 5073: 5039: 5012: 5005: 4961: 4950: 4924: 4803: 4772: 4739: 4705: 4676: 4649: 4622: 4573: 4541: 4530: 4367: 4344: 4295: 4261: 4227: 3733: 3650: 3638: 3628: 3273: 3240: 3007: 2839: 2571: 2438: 2416: 2406: 2311: 2303: 2279: 2206: 1969: 1957: 1926: 1796: 978: 732: 537: 514: 437: 333: 282: 99: 5341:"Eleventh General Assembly: "Relatio post disceptationem" of the General Rapporteur" 3904:"Pope offers cautious 'yes' on blessing some same-sex unions, 'no' on woman priests" 3582:"CDF official: Anthropology and Scripture document is not 'open' to same-sex unions" 2975: 6666: 6208:

Frankfurter Neue Presse: Deutsche Katholiken wollen Neubewertung von Homosexualität

5893:"Vatican temporarily suspends Indianapolis archbishop's decision on Brebeuf Jesuit" 5731: 4384: 3620: 3616: 3184: 2629: 2512: 2508: 2496: 2374: 2178: 2111: 1271: 1230: 1220: 1210: 998: 885: 845: 722: 630: 542: 427: 250: 166: 104: 3094: 2855: 2823: 2093:

The Christian tradition has generally prohibited all sexual activities outside of

7109: 7056: 7032: 7011: 6990: 6969: 6948: 6865: 6835: 6540: 6444:"Criteria for the Discernment of Vocation for Persons with Homosexual Tendencies" 6214: 6148: 6041: 5724:

Interdisciplinary Journal for Religion and Transformation in Contemporary Society

5336: 5254:"Pope to LGBT Catholics: 'God is Father who does not disown any of his children'" 5225:"In-flight press conference of His Holiness Pope Francis from Azerbaijan to Rome" 5189: 5033: 4861: 4176: 3875:"Pope signals openness to blessings for gay couples, study of women's ordination" 3684: 2879: 2625: 2621: 2613: 2601: 2378: 2232: 2161: 1953: 1922: 1784: 1370: 1215: 1147: 1142: 1033: 807: 737: 507: 418: 203: 39: 6197:

Synodaler Weg: Dokumente, Schlussabstimmung Bischöfe (German), 15 September 2022

5820:"Catholics wrestle with teachings as gay employees dismissed - StarTribune.com" 5736: 5719: 3209:"Pope Francis says laws criminalising LGBT people are a 'sin' and an injustice" 2847: 2633: 2472: 2171:

released a letter addressed to all the bishops of the Catholic Church entitled

2153: 2098: 1845: 1806: 1607: 1246: 1225: 1188: 1178: 1105: 1100: 1013: 941: 764: 712: 597: 572: 502: 316: 171: 3931:"DDF clarifies 'Fiducia supplicans' after 'understandable' bishops' reactions" 3624: 2759: 7431: 7263: 6932: 5457:"Vatican stuns Catholic world with greater openness toward gays and lesbians" 4928: 4615:"The gay god of the city: the emergence of the gay and lesbian ethnic parish" 4401:

Anna Clark, Desire: A history of European Sexuality, Routledge, 2012. pp74-75

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Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion: A Diversity of Paradigms

3379:. Vol. 75. Catholic Medical Association. p. 77. IND:30000125071534. 2799: 2791: 2783: 2727: 2210: 1984:

expressed support for civil-unions to protect gay couples in the documentary

1910:." Homosexual acts are included among the grave sins against chastity in the 1891: 1241: 1183: 1173: 946: 930: 786: 781: 650: 645: 7058:

Gay and Catholic: Accepting My Sexuality, Finding Community, Living My Faith

6382:"Medieval Sourcebook: Peter Damian: Liber Gomorrhianus [.c.1048-54]" 5770:"Gay Priest Fired From Chaplain Job Asks Pope To Meet LGBT Catholics In U.S" 4434:"Persona Humana - Declaration on Certain Questions Concerning Sexual Ethics" 3726:"In Shift for Church, Pope Francis Voices Support for Same-Sex Civil Unions" 7115: 6251:

Deutsche Welle: German Catholic bishops back blessings for same-sex couples

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Sege, Irene (17 June 1990). "Hundreds protest Cardinal Law at ordination".

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Human Sexuality: A Catholic Perspective for Education and Lifelong Learning

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declaration but appeared to conflict with the guidance contained within it.

4141:"Polish bishops: Church does not have authority to 'bless same-sex unions'" 4080: 4020: 2667: 2617: 2516: 2487: 2428: 2389: 2148: 1981: 1855: 1731: 1340: 1157: 1152: 1023: 1018: 840: 818: 717: 661: 255: 76: 7101: 6288:"Knights of Columbus: Standing on the Wrong Side of History, for a Change" 5594:"Pope Benedict denounces gay marriage during his annual Christmas message" 5570: 3812: 3664: 2588:

There have been notable gay Catholics throughout history. Writers such as

22: 7052: 5752: 2871: 2751: 2609: 2589: 2550: 2491: 2349:

refused to fire a teacher after he publicly entered into a gay marriage,

2120: 1977: 1887: 1859: 1822: 1713: 895: 680: 321: 235: 193: 161: 5867:"An Archbishop told a Jesuit school to fire a gay teacher. They said no" 4356: 7357: 5395:"Pope Francis is playing with house money in betting on the 2015 Synod" 4917:"Vatican Says Transgender People Can Be Baptized and Become Godparents" 4915:

Horowitz, Jason; Povoledo, Elisabetta; Graham, Ruth (9 November 2023).

4891:"Vatican Says Transgender People Can Be Baptized and Become Godparents" 4385:"SUMMA THEOLOGIAE: The parts of Lust (Secunda Secundae Partis, Q. 154)" 4357:«Aquinas & Homosexuality. Five Dominicans Respond to Adriano Oliva» 3935: 2815: 2532: 2307: 2202: 1137: 865: 855: 607: 582: 351: 6662:"Supreme Court rebuffs Catholic agency seeking to reject LGBT couples" 3266:

Curran, Charles E.; Curran, Charles A.; McCormick, Richard A. (1998).

2482:

banned gay men "while profoundly respecting the persons in question."

4672:

Gay and Lesbian Rights: A Question - Sexual Ethics Or Social Justice?

3152:"Same-sex civil unions 'good and helpful to many', says Pope Francis" 2927: 2528: 2520: 2324: 2102: 1162: 602: 519: 480: 399: 4862:"Transgender people can be baptised and be godparents, Vatican says" 4044:"Vatican approves blessings for same-sex couples in landmark ruling" 6564:"Der Standard:Bischof trat nach schweren Vorwürfen zurück (German)" 5285: 5229: 5165:"Vatican officially uses term 'LGBT' for first time in its history" 4866: 4839: 4108:"Cardinal Sarah speaks out against clergy blessing same-sex unions" 3156: 2647: 2354: 2190: 1946: 1849: 1508: 1266: 973: 961: 826: 338: 230: 6227:

Zeit.de: Deutsche Katholiken wollen Neubwertung von Homosexualität

5612:"AROUND THE NATION; Catholic Group Provokes Debate on Homosexuals" 2005:

because "God cannot bless sin". On 18 December 2023, it published

7362: 4048: 3507: 3505: 3503: 3501: 3213: 2442: 2319: 2182: 1049: 956: 951: 802: 311: 6486: 5007:

Breaking Faith: The Pope, the People and the Fate of Catholicism

2235:. Moreover, the responses stated that under the prudence of the 5921:"104 Activists Arrested at Roman Catholicism's National Shrine" 4016:"Pope Francis: Bless the persons, not the union - Vatican News" 3612: 3608: 2577: 1792: 6971:

Catholic Teaching on Homosexuality: New Paths to Understanding

6621:

The Life of Cardinal Innocenzo del Monte: A Scandal in Scarlet

6587:"UK's top cardinal accused of 'inappropriate acts' by priests" 6430:

Betrayed: The English Catholic Church and the sex abuse crisis

3498: 6777:"Un-English and Unmanly: Anglo-Catholicism and Homosexuality" 6176:"German synodal way members back permanent 'synodal council'" 2524: 1894:. The church teaches that gay persons are called to practice 1788: 772: 742: 404: 6619:

Burkle-Young, Francis A.; Leopoldo Doerrer, Michael (1997).

6618: 5535:

O'Loughlin, Michael J.; San Martín, Inés (24 October 2015).

4220:

Sacks, David; Murray, Oswyn; Brody, Lisa R. (14 May 2014).

2677:

List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality

2424: 2124: 2038:

because "God cannot bless sin". On 25 September 2023, in a

1907: 1826: 72: 6355: 5852:"Fired Priest to Pope: Listen to LGBT Catholics' Concerns" 4345:

Paul Halsall, "Homosexuality and Catholicism Bibliography"

6421: 5975:"Bishop Mark O'Connell: 'I plan on being a happy bishop'" 5537:"Bishops: Integrate remarried Catholics into Church life" 5194:"A Big Heart Open to God: An interview with Pope Francis" 2186: 5534: 3711:"Cardinal Marx discusses blessings for same-sex couples" 2545:

Political activity of the Catholic Church on LGBT issues

7080:

A Faith of One's Own: Explorations by Catholic Lesbians

6274:

The pillar: German synodal way backs same-sex blessings

3180:"The AP Interview: Pope says homosexuality not a crime" 2423:

of North America has stated that science "counters the

2388:

On 9 September 2022, over 80% of German bishops at the

7009: 5946:"Gay Activists Interrupt Catholic Bishops' Conference" 5764: 5762: 5139:"Can the Catholic Church 'Evolve' on L.G.B.T. Rights?" 4914: 4457: 4455: 4453: 4451: 4449: 4447: 2456: 6696: 5678: 4094:

writings by church Fathers or Doctors of the Church".

3759:"Pope: No same sex marriage, but uphold other rights" 3265: 6016:"Catholic Students Protest Tactics of Gay Activists" 5697: 5695: 5693: 4998: 4996: 4172:"African bishops reject same-sex blessings en masse" 2643: 2119:

maintained that homosexual practice was contrary to

6043:

The Wages of Sin: Sex and Disease, Past and Present

5759: 4956:. 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(2020). 5717: 4613:Primiano, Leonard Norman (10 December 2004). 4527: 3985: 3866: 1749: 1531: 7145: 6627: 6555: 6311: 6046:, University of Chicago Press, p. 143, 5915: 5913: 4598:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, 4281: 3302: 2578:Notable lesbian, gay, and bisexual Catholics 2567:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 2267:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 6911:Homosexuality and Religion: An Encyclopedia 6713: 6711: 5035:Homosexuality and Religion: An Encyclopedia 4725: 4723: 4721: 4567: 4554: 4247: 3895: 2553:, typically to oppose them in keeping with 2381:died after setting himself on fire outside 2224:, responding to questions from José Negri, 2058: 2006: 1974:is active in political campaigns against it 7138: 7124: 6809: 6768: 6737: 6735: 6561: 5479: 5392: 5188: 5132: 5130: 5128: 4791: 4648:. Columbia University Press. p. 178. 4528:Gramick, Jeannine; Nugent, Robert (1988). 4411:Hitchens, Christopher (28 February 2013). 3517:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 3468:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 3443:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 3436: 3368: 3366: 3364: 2715:On the Pastoral Care of Homosexual Persons 2174:On the Pastoral Care of Homosexual Persons 2169:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 2160:Earlier, the controversially liberal 1966 2029:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1999:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1834:notable Catholics who were gay or bisexual 1756: 1742: 1538: 1524: 46: 6988: 6841: 6642:"Vatican Supports Bias Against Gays]" 6436: 5968: 5966: 5910: 5735: 5591: 5585: 5559: 5528: 5485: 5355: 5025: 4981: 4979: 4977: 4704:. Indiana University Press. p. 100. 4668: 4404: 4294:. Harvard University Press. p. 118. 4072:"Episcopate gives Rome a rough ride over 3923: 3579: 3573: 3298: 3296: 2772:Roman Catholic Diocese of Dresden–Meissen 2400: 2397:in all 27 German Roman Catholic diocese. 2145:Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith 2085:History of Christianity and homosexuality 1795:is a sin and will not confer sacramental 1586:History of Christianity and homosexuality 6989:Guimarães, Atila Sinke (December 1999). 6774: 6708: 6597: 6578: 6533: 6498: 6373: 6007: 5939: 5937: 5812: 5630: 5514:"The Advocate's Person of the Year 2013" 5511: 5505: 5423: 5417: 5002: 4942: 4718: 4675:. Rowman and Littlefield. p. viii. 4612: 4410: 4287: 4105: 4069: 4041: 3723: 3329:Reid, Charles J. Jr. (30 October 2013). 3206: 2467:Gay bishops § Roman Catholic Church 2463:Homosexual clergy in the Catholic Church 2395:blessing ceremonies for same-sex couples 2220:On 31 October 2023, a document from the 2134: 553:Outside the Church there is no salvation 7075: 7051: 6900:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 6891: 6732: 6612: 6603: 6585:Deveney, Catherine (23 February 2013). 6584: 6541:"Queer:Bischof zurückgetreten (german)" 6514: 6492: 6467: 6379: 6333: 6285: 6279: 6072: 6013: 5794: 5744: 5656: 5486:Boorstein, Michelle (13 October 2014). 5454: 5386: 5329: 5251: 5136: 5125: 4729: 4702:What's Left? Liberal American Catholics 4341:. London: Longmans, Green. p. 185. 4330: 4326:. London: Longmans, Green. p. 185. 4253: 4223:Encyclopedia of the Ancient Greek World 4013: 3872: 3847:Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith 3602: 3372: 3361: 3324: 3322: 2996:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paderborn 2868:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paderborn 2249:Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith 2222:Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith 2055:Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith 1973: 1858:was the first pope to support same-sex 1783:covers a range of issues involving the 1613:LGBTQ-affirming Christian denominations 7430: 7030: 6967: 6946: 6654: 6520: 6461: 6427: 6409:"The Church and the Homosexual Priest" 6406: 6339: 6173: 6119: 6093: 6033: 5963: 5858: 5844: 5750: 5640:. Boulder Daily Camera. Archived from 5604: 5455:Mckenna, Josephine (13 October 2014). 5393:Allen, Jr., John L. (7 October 2015). 5162: 5156: 4974: 4888: 4821: 4819: 4767:. Cambridge University Press. p. 4758: 4695: 4641: 4336: 4321: 4315: 4260:. 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(2 October 2023). 3854:from the original on 20 December 2023 3807: 3805: 3690: 3548: 3437:Ratizinger, Joseph (1 October 1986). 3146: 3144: 3142: 3113: 3111: 2972:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hamburg 2964:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bamberg 2764:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hamburg 2538: 2505:Francisco Domingo Barbosa Da Silveira 7405:Religious views on same-sex marriage 6904: 6796: 6504:Albrecht Classen, Marilyn Sandidge, 6201: 6100:Soble, Ronald L. (4 December 1989). 5998: 5992: 5701: 5512:Grindley, Lucas (16 December 2013). 5424:Winfield, Nicole (14 October 2014). 5335: 5301: 5093: 5066:Smith, Raymond A. (27 August 1998). 4461: 4226:. 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According to the 1581:Christianity and transgender people 1571:Christianity and sexual orientation 1478: 13: 6940: 6468:Boswell, John (10 December 2015). 6174:Coppen, Luke (12 September 2022). 6014:Oransky, Ivan (30 November 1990). 5890: 5666:. Starobserver.com.au. 8 July 2008 5217: 4475:"HOMOSEXUALITY: Gays on the March" 4423: 4139:Arnold, Tyler (22 December 2023). 3802: 3228: 3200: 3172: 3139: 3108: 3068:"Catechism of the Catholic Church" 3020:Roman Catholic Diocese of Würzburg 2748:Roman Catholic Diocese of Würzburg 2726:Supporting bishops are archbishop 2490:noted that several bishops in the 2001:said that the church cannot bless 1945:published a book that included an 1886:, all sexual acts must be open to 1873: 14: 7464: 7453:Catholicism-related controversies 6799:"Andy Warhol's Religious Journey" 6750:. Yale University Press. p. 6525:. National Review. 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The Church teaches that 1725: 1507: 1488: 1477: 1468: 1467: 1457: 1448: 1447: 851:Catechism of the Catholic Church 21: 7373:LGBT-affirming religious groups 7166:Transgender people and religion 7031:Stuart, Elizabeth (July 1993). 6947:Berger, David (November 2010). 6905:Jung, Patricia Beattie (2007). 6623:. Lewiston, N.Y.: Edwin Mellen. 5973:Tracy, Doris (26 August 2016). 5059: 5038:. Greenwood Press. p. 54. 4908: 4882: 4621:. 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Brian (2010). 4291:Homosexuality and Civilization 3272:. Paulist Press. p. 178. 2369:in Boston, and during Mass at 2177:. This was signed by Cardinal 2017:Blessings for same-sex couples 1943:Pontifical Biblical Commission 1884:Catholic theology of sexuality 1774:Catholic theology of sexuality 1770:Christianity and homosexuality 1576:Christianity and homosexuality 179:History of the Catholic Church 1: 7448:Catholic theology of the body 6241:, September 15, 2022 (German) 6040:Allen, Peter L. (June 2002), 5252:Bordoni, Linda (9 May 2022). 5137:Gehring, John (5 July 2018). 4734:The Church and the Homosexual 4288:Crompton, Louis (July 2009). 3053: 2031:said that the Church can not 1949:on these and other passages. 1768:For a wider perspective, see 1666:Metropolitan Community Church 1558:Christianity and LGBTQ topics 6606:Leone X: Giovanni de' Medici 6380:Halsall, Paul (April 2006). 6229:, 9. September 2022 (german) 6217:, 9. September 2022 (German) 5163:Barnes, Tom (20 June 2018). 4792:Kowalewski, Mark R. (1994). 4738:(4 ed.). Beacon Press. 4645:Roman Catholicism in America 2694:Pope Francis and LGBT topics 2449:SJ under the affiliation of 2421:Catholic Medical Association 2331:Dissent from church teaching 2265:Beginning in the 1970s, the 2089:Catholic Church and HIV/AIDS 1941:1:10. In December 2019, the 7: 6521:Dreher, Rod (15 May 2009). 4669:Peddicord, Richard (1996). 4337:Bailey, Derrick S. (1955). 4322:Bailey, Derrick S. (1955). 3373:Dempsey, Robert J. (2008). 2639: 2628:, who was a Roman Catholic 2367:Cathedral of the Holy Cross 2296:Synod on the Family in 2015 2048:16th World Synod of Bishops 1976:. It also opposes same-sex 1868:criminalising homosexuality 1709:LGBTQ Roman Catholic clergy 1618:Blessing of same-sex unions 1591:The Bible and homosexuality 636:Infallibility of the Church 10: 7469: 7389:Ordination of LGBT clergy 7161:Homosexuality and religion 6725:National Catholic Reporter 6543:. Queer.de. 25 August 2005 5737:10.30965/23642807-00601008 5072:. Routledge. p. 164. 3883:. Kansas City: Joe Ferullo 3880:National Catholic Reporter 3420:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2581: 2542: 2460: 2404: 2334: 2258: 2082: 2076: 2072: 2020: 1767: 1514:Catholic Church portal 7345: 7305: 7272: 7246: 7181: 7174: 7153: 6913:. Westport, Connecticut: 6213:15 September 2022 at the 5569:. Courage. Archived from 4730:McNeill, John J. (1993). 4516:Benedict XVI: A Biography 4254:Gagarin, Michael (2010). 3625:10.1163/9789004443969_025 2053:On 18 December 2023, the 1892:tendency towards this sin 1862:as legal protections for 7443:Sexuality in Catholicism 7147:Religion and LGBT people 6775:Hilliard, David (1982). 6428:Scorer, Richard (2014). 4827:Fernández, Víctor Manuel 4795:All Things to All People 4759:Dillon, Michele (1999). 4696:Weaver, Mary Jo (1999). 4642:Gillis, Chester (2013). 2808:Franz-Josef Hermann Bode 2700: 2559:Catholic Social Teaching 2375:desecrated the Eucharist 1866:. He has denounced laws 1793:same-sex sexual activity 1630:Denominational positions 1201:Eastern Catholic liturgy 1004:Eastern Catholic liturgy 813:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate 199:Four Marks of the Church 7238:United Church of Christ 6742:Woods, Gregory (1999). 6604:Falconi, Carlo (1987). 6495:, p. 211, 214-215. 6432:. Biteback. p. 20. 6001:The Boston Sunday Globe 5802:"Archives - Philly.com" 5516:. The Advocate Magazine 5343:. Holy See Press Office 5003:Cornwell, John (2001). 4518:, Continuum, 2005, p201 3713:. Catholic News Agency. 3683:23 January 2021 at the 2555:Catholic moral theology 2373:in New York where they 2371:St. Patrick's Cathedral 1495:Vatican City portal 921:Philosophy of canon law 641:Mystical Body of Christ 7323:Unitarian Universalism 6892:Boswell, John (1980). 4798:. SUNY Press. p. 3584:. Catholic News Agency 2604:, and artists such as 2598:Marc-André Raffalovich 2584:List of LGBT Catholics 2401:Catholic organizations 2383:Saint Peter's Basilica 2347:one Jesuit high school 2140: 2059: 2036:same-sex relationships 2007: 2003:same-sex relationships 1704:LGBTQ Christian clergy 7438:LGBTQ and Catholicism 6968:Cameli, L.J. (2012). 5897:The Indianapolis Star 5192:(30 September 2013). 4536:. Crossroad. p. 3667:. BBC. 15 March 2021. 3376:The Linacre Quarterly 3038:and auxiliary bishop 2952:Heinz Günter Bongartz 2501:Juan Carlos Maccarone 2405:Further information: 2316:Courage International 2226:Bishop of Santo Amaro 2167:In October 1986, the 2138: 1698:LGBT Christian clergy 1686:Seventh-day Adventist 1070:Anointing of the Sick 861:Apostolic exhortation 558:Infused righteousness 476:Immaculate Conception 184:History of the papacy 7037:. Geoffrey Chapman. 6917:. pp. 191–200. 6915:Greenwood Publishing 5314:Catholic News Agency 4146:Catholic News Agency 4113:Catholic News Agency 3842:"Fiducia supplicans" 3619:. pp. 487–509. 3554:Stewart 2003, p. 184 3424:Paragraphs 2357–2359 3124:Catholic News Agency 2832:Franz-Josef Overbeck 2768:Heinrich Timmerevers 2736:Karl-Heinz Wiesemann 2117:Saint Thomas Aquinas 1812:The church provides 1413:the Age of Discovery 1403:Sex and gender roles 1393:Role in civilization 1386:in the United States 1029:Liturgy of the Hours 563:Invincible ignorance 433:Crucifixion of Jesus 241:College of Cardinals 209:Apostolic succession 53:St. Peter's Basilica 6974:. Ave Maria Press. 6834:5 July 2021 at the 6647:The Washington Post 6319:Scientific American 6292:The Huffington Post 6020:The Harvard Crimson 5950:The Washington Post 5806:articles.philly.com 5618:. 26 September 1982 5492:The Washington Post 5339:(13 October 2014). 5190:Spadaro SJ, Antonio 5113:on 16 November 2017 4833:(31 October 2023). 4572:. Scarecrow Press. 4481:. 8 September 1975. 3765:. 15 September 2021 3160:. 16 September 2021 3030:, auxiliary bishop 3022:, auxiliary bishop 3014:, auxiliary bishop 3006:, auxiliary bishop 2998:, auxiliary bishop 2990:, auxiliary bishop 2982:, auxiliary bishop 2974:, auxiliary bishop 2966:, auxiliary bishop 2958:, auxiliary bishop 2950:, auxiliary bishop 2942:, auxiliary bishop 2934:, auxiliary bishop 2926:, auxiliary bishop 2918:, auxiliary bishop 2910:, auxiliary bishop 2902:, auxiliary bishop 2894:, auxiliary bishop 2886:, auxiliary bishop 2878:, auxiliary bishop 2870:, auxiliary bishop 2862:, auxiliary bishop 2606:Robert Mapplethorpe 2594:Lord Alfred Douglas 2431:, president of the 2413:Knights of Columbus 2292:Synod on the Family 2272:Always Our Children 2027:In March 2021, the 1997:In March 2021, the 1968:The church opposes 1882:. According to the 1553:Part of a series on 1426:Links and resources 486:Perpetual virginity 457:Blessed Virgin Mary 344:Divinum illud munus 246:Ecumenical councils 189:Ecumenical councils 7096:catholic lesbians. 7084:. Crossing Press. 6950:Der heilige Schein 6155:. 19 December 2013 5616:The New York Times 5573:on 19 January 2009 5547:on 25 October 2015 5467:on 18 October 2014 5436:on 18 October 2014 5143:The New York Times 4921:The New York Times 4074:Fiducia Supplicans 3965:The Christian Post 3730:The New York Times 3032:Wilhelm Zimmermann 2944:Franz Josef Gebert 2654:Catholicism portal 2632:before becoming a 2539:Political activity 2245:Cardinal Fernández 2141: 2095:sexual intercourse 2061:Fiducia supplicans 2023:Fiducia supplicans 2009:Fiducia supplicans 1819:active politically 1636:Anglican Communion 969:Christian humanism 866:Epistula Encyclica 626:College of Bishops 334:Consubstantialitas 157:Early Christianity 7425: 7424: 7341: 7340: 7044:978-0-225-66682-3 7023:978-0-434-67246-2 7013:Catholics and sex 7002:978-0-89555-651-6 6981:978-1-59471-348-4 6960:978-3-550-08855-1 6877:978-0-19-997510-5 6829:Jackfritscher.com 6784:Victorian Studies 6690:Catholic Exchange 6670:. 31 August 2018. 6608:. Milan: Rusconi. 6523:"Weakland's Exit" 6479:978-0-226-34536-9 6388:on 4 January 2009 6053:978-0-226-01461-6 5832:on 13 August 2015 5644:on 5 January 2004 5405:on 8 October 2015 5374:on 8 October 2015 5317:. 21 October 2020 5079:978-1-135-45754-9 5045:978-0-313-01431-4 4870:. 9 November 2023 4763:Catholic Identity 4389:www.newadvent.org 4301:978-0-674-03006-0 4267:978-0-19-517072-6 4233:978-1-4381-1020-2 4180:. 12 January 2024 3790:. 13 October 2022 3634:978-90-04-44348-8 3333:. Huffington Post 3279:978-0-8091-3797-8 3244:. 27 January 2023 3188:. 25 January 2023 3127:. 21 October 2020 3024:Wilfried Theising 3008:Thomas Maria Renz 2896:Gerhard Schneider 2840:Stephan Ackermann 2572:same-sex marriage 2439:Outreach Catholic 2417:same-sex marriage 2407:Outreach Catholic 2312:New Ways Ministry 2304:Outreach Catholic 2280:Pope John Paul II 2207:New Ways Ministry 2131:The modern church 1970:same-sex marriage 1964:Same-sex marriage 1958:study of religion 1929:18:22 and 20:13, 1797:same-sex marriage 1766: 1765: 1651:Latter-day Saints 1565:Overview articles 1548: 1547: 1389: 979:Neo-scholasticism 755: 754: 733:Seven deadly sins 656:Perfect community 538:Baptism of desire 438:Harrowing of Hell 7460: 7179: 7178: 7140: 7133: 7126: 7117: 7116: 7098: 7083: 7072: 7048: 7027: 7006: 6985: 6964: 6936: 6901: 6899: 6888: 6886: 6884: 6848: 6845: 6839: 6815:Jack Fritscher, 6813: 6807: 6806: 6794: 6788: 6787: 6781: 6772: 6766: 6765: 6749: 6739: 6730: 6729: 6715: 6706: 6700: 6694: 6693: 6678: 6672: 6671: 6667:Washington Blade 6658: 6652: 6651: 6638: 6625: 6624: 6616: 6610: 6609: 6601: 6595: 6594: 6582: 6576: 6575: 6573: 6571: 6566:. Derstandard.at 6562:derStandard.at. 6559: 6553: 6552: 6550: 6548: 6537: 6531: 6530: 6518: 6512: 6502: 6496: 6490: 6484: 6483: 6465: 6459: 6458: 6456: 6454: 6440: 6434: 6433: 6425: 6419: 6418: 6404: 6398: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6384:. Archived from 6377: 6371: 6370: 6368: 6366: 6352: 6346: 6345: 6337: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6326: 6309: 6303: 6302: 6300: 6298: 6283: 6277: 6276:, March 11, 2023 6271: 6265: 6260: 6254: 6253:, March 11, 2023 6248: 6242: 6236: 6230: 6224: 6218: 6205: 6199: 6194: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6183: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6160: 6145: 6139: 6138: 6136: 6134: 6123: 6117: 6116: 6114: 6112: 6097: 6091: 6090: 6088: 6086: 6070: 6064: 6063: 6062: 6060: 6037: 6031: 6030: 6028: 6026: 6011: 6005: 6004: 5996: 5990: 5989: 5987: 5985: 5970: 5961: 5960: 5958: 5956: 5941: 5932: 5931: 5929: 5927: 5917: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5888: 5882: 5881: 5879: 5877: 5862: 5856: 5855: 5848: 5842: 5841: 5839: 5837: 5828:. 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Archived from 5105: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5063: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5052: 5029: 5023: 5022: 5010: 5000: 4991: 4983: 4972: 4971: 4955: 4946: 4940: 4939: 4937: 4935: 4912: 4906: 4905: 4903: 4901: 4886: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4858: 4852: 4851: 4849: 4847: 4823: 4814: 4813: 4809:978-0-79141778-2 4789: 4783: 4782: 4778:978-0-52163959-0 4766: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4737: 4727: 4716: 4715: 4693: 4687: 4686: 4666: 4660: 4659: 4639: 4633: 4632: 4610: 4604: 4602:, 1 October 1986 4595: 4584: 4583: 4579:978-0-81087423-7 4565: 4552: 4551: 4535: 4525: 4519: 4512: 4501: 4500: 4489: 4483: 4482: 4471: 4465: 4459: 4442: 4441: 4430: 4421: 4420: 4408: 4402: 4399: 4393: 4392: 4381: 4375: 4353: 4347: 4342: 4334: 4328: 4327: 4319: 4313: 4312: 4310: 4308: 4285: 4279: 4278: 4276: 4274: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4217: 4211: 4201: 4190: 4189: 4187: 4185: 4168: 4162: 4161: 4155: 4153: 4136: 4130: 4129: 4127: 4125: 4103: 4097: 4096: 4090: 4088: 4067: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4039: 4033: 4032: 4030: 4028: 4011: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3993:America Magazine 3983: 3977: 3976: 3974: 3972: 3955: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3939:. 4 January 2024 3927: 3921: 3920: 3918: 3916: 3899: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3870: 3864: 3863: 3861: 3859: 3838: 3829: 3828: 3826: 3824: 3809: 3800: 3799: 3797: 3795: 3789: 3781: 3775: 3774: 3772: 3770: 3755: 3749: 3748: 3746: 3744: 3721: 3715: 3714: 3706: 3700: 3694: 3688: 3687:, 14. April 2020 3675: 3669: 3668: 3661: 3655: 3654: 3617:Brill Publishers 3607:. Vol. 31. 3600: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3577: 3571: 3561: 3555: 3552: 3546: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3509: 3496: 3486: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3475: 3460: 3454: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3418:(2nd ed.). 3410: 3397: 3387: 3381: 3380: 3370: 3359: 3349: 3343: 3342: 3340: 3338: 3326: 3317: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3300: 3291: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3263: 3254: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3232: 3226: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3204: 3198: 3197: 3195: 3193: 3185:Associated Press 3176: 3170: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3148: 3137: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3115: 3106: 3103: 3097: 3092: 3083: 3082: 3080: 3078: 3064: 3047: 3040:Wolfgang Bischof 2724: 2718: 2711: 2670: 2665: 2664: 2663: 2656: 2651: 2650: 2630:religious sister 2497:Rembert Weakland 2451:America Magazine 2351:the local bishop 2284:Synod of Bishops 2179:Joseph Ratzinger 2112:Summa Theologica 2064: 2042:to conservative 2012: 1864:same-sex couples 1832:There have been 1758: 1751: 1744: 1732:LGBTQ portal 1730: 1729: 1728: 1646:Eastern Orthodox 1550: 1549: 1540: 1533: 1526: 1512: 1511: 1493: 1492: 1491: 1481: 1480: 1471: 1470: 1461: 1460: 1451: 1450: 1383: 1301:Relations with: 1272:Anti-Catholicism 886:Cardinal Virtues 846:Athanasian Creed 723:Hypostatic union 631:Deposit of faith 543:Baptism of blood 428:Passion of Jesus 294: 293: 261:Eastern Churches 251:Episcopal polity 79: 50: 25: 18: 17: 7468: 7467: 7463: 7462: 7461: 7459: 7458: 7457: 7428: 7427: 7426: 7421: 7337: 7313:Modern paganism 7301: 7268: 7247:Other Abrahamic 7242: 7226:Catholic Church 7170: 7149: 7144: 7110:Wayback Machine 7092: 7069: 7045: 7024: 7003: 6982: 6961: 6943: 6941:Further reading 6925: 6882: 6880: 6878: 6864:(30 May 2013). 6857: 6852: 6851: 6846: 6842: 6836:Wayback Machine 6814: 6810: 6795: 6791: 6779: 6773: 6769: 6762: 6740: 6733: 6716: 6709: 6701: 6697: 6679: 6675: 6660: 6659: 6655: 6650:. 17 July 1992. 6640: 6639: 6628: 6617: 6613: 6602: 6598: 6583: 6579: 6569: 6567: 6560: 6556: 6546: 6544: 6539: 6538: 6534: 6529:on 15 May 2009. 6519: 6515: 6503: 6499: 6491: 6487: 6480: 6466: 6462: 6452: 6450: 6442: 6441: 6437: 6426: 6422: 6405: 6401: 6391: 6389: 6378: 6374: 6364: 6362: 6354: 6353: 6349: 6338: 6334: 6324: 6322: 6310: 6306: 6296: 6294: 6284: 6280: 6272: 6268: 6261: 6257: 6249: 6245: 6237: 6233: 6225: 6221: 6215:Wayback Machine 6206: 6202: 6195: 6191: 6181: 6179: 6172: 6168: 6158: 6156: 6147: 6146: 6142: 6132: 6130: 6129:. 24 April 2013 6125: 6124: 6120: 6110: 6108: 6098: 6094: 6084: 6082: 6071: 6067: 6058: 6056: 6054: 6038: 6034: 6024: 6022: 6012: 6008: 5997: 5993: 5983: 5981: 5971: 5964: 5954: 5952: 5942: 5935: 5925: 5923: 5919: 5918: 5911: 5901: 5899: 5891:Herron, Arika. 5889: 5885: 5875: 5873: 5863: 5859: 5854:. 21 July 2015. 5850: 5849: 5845: 5835: 5833: 5818: 5817: 5813: 5800: 5799: 5795: 5790:. 16 July 2015. 5786: 5785: 5781: 5776:. 20 July 2015. 5774:Huffington Post 5768: 5767: 5760: 5749: 5745: 5716: 5712: 5700: 5691: 5683: 5679: 5669: 5667: 5662: 5661: 5657: 5647: 5645: 5636: 5635: 5631: 5621: 5619: 5610: 5609: 5605: 5590: 5586: 5576: 5574: 5565: 5564: 5560: 5550: 5548: 5533: 5529: 5519: 5517: 5510: 5506: 5496: 5494: 5484: 5480: 5470: 5468: 5453: 5449: 5439: 5437: 5422: 5418: 5408: 5406: 5391: 5387: 5377: 5375: 5360: 5356: 5346: 5344: 5334: 5330: 5320: 5318: 5307: 5306: 5302: 5292: 5290: 5279: 5278: 5274: 5264: 5262: 5250: 5246: 5236: 5234: 5223: 5222: 5218: 5204: 5202: 5187: 5183: 5173: 5171: 5169:The Independent 5161: 5157: 5147: 5145: 5135: 5126: 5116: 5114: 5110: 5103: 5099: 5098: 5094: 5084: 5082: 5080: 5064: 5060: 5050: 5048: 5046: 5030: 5026: 5019: 5001: 4994: 4984: 4975: 4968: 4948: 4947: 4943: 4933: 4931: 4913: 4909: 4899: 4897: 4887: 4883: 4873: 4871: 4860: 4859: 4855: 4845: 4843: 4824: 4817: 4810: 4790: 4786: 4779: 4757: 4753: 4746: 4728: 4719: 4712: 4694: 4690: 4683: 4667: 4663: 4656: 4640: 4636: 4629: 4611: 4607: 4596: 4587: 4580: 4566: 4555: 4548: 4526: 4522: 4514:John L. Allen, 4513: 4504: 4491: 4490: 4486: 4473: 4472: 4468: 4460: 4445: 4432: 4431: 4424: 4409: 4405: 4400: 4396: 4383: 4382: 4378: 4354: 4350: 4335: 4331: 4320: 4316: 4306: 4304: 4302: 4286: 4282: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4252: 4248: 4238: 4236: 4234: 4218: 4214: 4202: 4193: 4183: 4181: 4177:Catholic Herald 4170: 4169: 4165: 4151: 4149: 4137: 4133: 4123: 4121: 4104: 4100: 4086: 4084: 4068: 4064: 4054: 4052: 4040: 4036: 4026: 4024: 4012: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3984: 3980: 3970: 3968: 3956: 3952: 3942: 3940: 3929: 3928: 3924: 3914: 3912: 3900: 3896: 3886: 3884: 3871: 3867: 3857: 3855: 3839: 3832: 3822: 3820: 3819:. 15 March 2021 3811: 3810: 3803: 3793: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3782: 3778: 3768: 3766: 3757: 3756: 3752: 3742: 3740: 3722: 3718: 3707: 3703: 3695: 3691: 3685:Wayback Machine 3676: 3672: 3663: 3662: 3658: 3635: 3601: 3597: 3587: 3585: 3578: 3574: 3562: 3558: 3553: 3549: 3542: 3538: 3529: 3528: 3524: 3511: 3510: 3499: 3487: 3483: 3473: 3471: 3462: 3461: 3457: 3447: 3445: 3435: 3431: 3412: 3411: 3400: 3388: 3384: 3371: 3362: 3350: 3346: 3336: 3334: 3327: 3320: 3310: 3308: 3301: 3294: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3264: 3257: 3247: 3245: 3234: 3233: 3229: 3219: 3217: 3205: 3201: 3191: 3189: 3178: 3177: 3173: 3163: 3161: 3150: 3149: 3140: 3130: 3128: 3117: 3116: 3109: 3104: 3100: 3093: 3086: 3076: 3074: 3066: 3065: 3061: 3056: 3051: 3050: 2984:Matthäus Karrer 2936:Christian Würtz 2912:Peter Birkhofer 2904:Karl Heinz Diez 2888:Christoph Hegge 2880:Ludger Schepers 2864:Josef Holtkotte 2725: 2721: 2717:, paragraph 11. 2712: 2708: 2703: 2698: 2666: 2661: 2659: 2652: 2645: 2642: 2622:Virginia Apuzzo 2614:John J. McNeill 2602:Frederick Rolfe 2586: 2580: 2547: 2541: 2469: 2461:Main articles: 2459: 2433:Catholic League 2409: 2403: 2379:Alfredo Ormando 2363:National Shrine 2339: 2333: 2263: 2257: 2162:Dutch Catechism 2133: 2091: 2081: 2075: 2025: 2019: 1966: 1954:social sciences 1876: 1874:Church teaching 1799:. However, the 1785:Catholic Church 1777: 1762: 1726: 1724: 1719: 1718: 1699: 1691: 1690: 1631: 1623: 1622: 1566: 1544: 1506: 1501: 1500: 1499: 1489: 1487: 1427: 1419: 1418: 1417: 1335: 1334:Societal issues 1327: 1326: 1325: 1261: 1253: 1252: 1251: 1237: 1206: 1196: 1195: 1169: 1143:Post-Vatican II 1133: 1122: 1112: 1111: 1110: 1086: 1040: 1034:Liturgical year 993: 985: 984: 983: 936: 916:Social teaching 901:Catholic ethics 880: 872: 871: 870: 836:Apostles' Creed 808:Sixtine Vulgate 767: 757: 756: 738:Beatific vision 672:Other teachings 593:Moral influence 419:Paschal mystery 291: 290: 272: 271: 270: 225: 215: 214: 213: 204:One true church 129: 121: 71: 56: 40:Catholic Church 12: 11: 5: 7466: 7456: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7423: 7422: 7420: 7419: 7418: 7417: 7412: 7402: 7401: 7400: 7395: 7387: 7386: 7385: 7380: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7349: 7347: 7343: 7342: 7339: 7338: 7336: 7335: 7333:Zoroastrianism 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7309: 7307: 7303: 7302: 7300: 7299: 7294: 7293: 7292: 7282: 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2543:Main article: 2540: 2537: 2473:Donald Cozzens 2458: 2455: 2402: 2399: 2335:Main article: 2332: 2329: 2259:Main article: 2256: 2253: 2195:Persona Humana 2154:Persona Humana 2132: 2129: 2099:Church Fathers 2077:Main article: 2074: 2071: 2021:Main article: 2018: 2015: 1965: 1962: 1875: 1872: 1846:body of Christ 1807:Church Fathers 1764: 1763: 1761: 1760: 1753: 1746: 1738: 1735: 1734: 1721: 1720: 1717: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1693: 1692: 1689: 1688: 1683: 1681:Roman Catholic 1678: 1673: 1668: 1663: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1643: 1638: 1632: 1629: 1628: 1625: 1624: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1608:Queer theology 1605: 1604: 1603: 1598: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1555: 1554: 1546: 1545: 1543: 1542: 1535: 1528: 1520: 1517: 1516: 1503: 1502: 1498: 1497: 1485: 1475: 1465: 1455: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1416: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1328: 1324: 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TAN Books. 6994: 6993: 6987: 6983: 6977: 6973: 6972: 6966: 6962: 6956: 6952: 6951: 6945: 6944: 6934: 6930: 6926: 6920: 6916: 6912: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6897: 6890: 6879: 6873: 6869: 6868: 6863: 6859: 6858: 6844: 6837: 6833: 6830: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6812: 6804: 6800: 6793: 6785: 6778: 6771: 6763: 6757: 6753: 6748: 6747: 6738: 6736: 6727: 6726: 6721: 6714: 6712: 6704: 6699: 6691: 6687: 6683: 6682:Shaw, Russell 6677: 6669: 6668: 6663: 6657: 6649: 6648: 6643: 6637: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6622: 6615: 6607: 6600: 6592: 6588: 6581: 6565: 6558: 6542: 6536: 6528: 6524: 6517: 6511: 6507: 6501: 6494: 6489: 6481: 6475: 6471: 6464: 6449: 6445: 6439: 6431: 6424: 6416: 6415: 6410: 6403: 6387: 6383: 6376: 6361: 6357: 6351: 6343: 6336: 6321: 6320: 6315: 6308: 6293: 6289: 6282: 6275: 6270: 6264: 6259: 6252: 6247: 6240: 6235: 6228: 6223: 6216: 6212: 6209: 6204: 6198: 6193: 6177: 6170: 6154: 6150: 6144: 6128: 6122: 6107: 6103: 6096: 6080: 6076: 6069: 6055: 6049: 6045: 6044: 6036: 6021: 6017: 6010: 6003:. p. 25. 6002: 5995: 5980: 5976: 5969: 5967: 5951: 5947: 5940: 5938: 5922: 5916: 5914: 5898: 5894: 5887: 5872: 5868: 5861: 5853: 5847: 5831: 5827: 5826: 5821: 5815: 5807: 5803: 5797: 5789: 5783: 5775: 5771: 5765: 5763: 5754: 5747: 5738: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5714: 5707: 5703: 5698: 5696: 5694: 5686: 5681: 5665: 5659: 5643: 5639: 5633: 5617: 5613: 5607: 5599: 5598:NY Daily News 5595: 5588: 5572: 5568: 5562: 5546: 5542: 5538: 5531: 5515: 5508: 5493: 5489: 5482: 5466: 5462: 5458: 5451: 5435: 5431: 5427: 5420: 5404: 5400: 5396: 5389: 5373: 5369: 5365: 5358: 5342: 5338: 5332: 5316: 5315: 5310: 5304: 5288: 5287: 5282: 5276: 5261: 5260: 5255: 5248: 5232: 5231: 5226: 5220: 5213: 5201: 5200: 5195: 5191: 5185: 5170: 5166: 5159: 5144: 5140: 5133: 5131: 5129: 5109: 5102: 5096: 5081: 5075: 5071: 5070: 5062: 5047: 5041: 5037: 5036: 5028: 5020: 5018:9780670030026 5014: 5009: 5008: 4999: 4997: 4990: 4989: 4982: 4980: 4978: 4969: 4967:9781555864057 4963: 4959: 4954: 4953: 4945: 4930: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4911: 4896: 4892: 4885: 4869: 4868: 4863: 4857: 4842: 4841: 4836: 4832: 4828: 4822: 4820: 4811: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4796: 4788: 4780: 4774: 4770: 4765: 4764: 4755: 4747: 4745:9780807079317 4741: 4736: 4735: 4726: 4724: 4722: 4713: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4692: 4684: 4682:9781556127595 4678: 4674: 4673: 4665: 4657: 4655:9780231502573 4651: 4647: 4646: 4638: 4630: 4628:9780759115064 4624: 4620: 4616: 4609: 4603: 4601: 4594: 4592: 4590: 4581: 4575: 4571: 4564: 4562: 4560: 4558: 4549: 4547:9780824508647 4543: 4539: 4534: 4533: 4524: 4517: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4498: 4494: 4488: 4480: 4476: 4470: 4463: 4458: 4456: 4454: 4452: 4450: 4448: 4439: 4435: 4429: 4427: 4418: 4417:New Statesman 4414: 4407: 4398: 4390: 4386: 4380: 4373: 4369: 4365: 4362: 4358: 4352: 4346: 4340: 4333: 4325: 4318: 4303: 4297: 4293: 4292: 4284: 4269: 4263: 4259: 4258: 4250: 4235: 4229: 4225: 4224: 4216: 4209: 4205: 4200: 4198: 4196: 4179: 4178: 4173: 4167: 4160: 4148: 4147: 4142: 4135: 4119: 4115: 4114: 4109: 4102: 4095: 4083: 4082: 4077: 4075: 4066: 4051: 4050: 4045: 4038: 4023: 4022: 4017: 4010: 3995: 3994: 3989: 3982: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3954: 3938: 3937: 3932: 3926: 3911: 3910: 3905: 3898: 3882: 3881: 3876: 3869: 3853: 3849: 3848: 3843: 3837: 3835: 3818: 3814: 3808: 3806: 3786: 3780: 3764: 3760: 3754: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3720: 3712: 3705: 3699: 3693: 3686: 3682: 3679: 3674: 3666: 3660: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3599: 3583: 3576: 3569: 3565: 3560: 3551: 3545: 3540: 3532: 3526: 3518: 3514: 3508: 3506: 3504: 3502: 3494: 3490: 3485: 3470:. The Vatican 3469: 3465: 3459: 3444: 3440: 3433: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3416: 3409: 3407: 3405: 3403: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3378: 3377: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3357: 3353: 3348: 3332: 3325: 3323: 3306: 3299: 3297: 3281: 3275: 3271: 3270: 3262: 3260: 3243: 3242: 3237: 3231: 3216: 3215: 3210: 3203: 3187: 3186: 3181: 3175: 3159: 3158: 3153: 3147: 3145: 3143: 3126: 3125: 3120: 3114: 3112: 3102: 3096: 3091: 3089: 3073: 3072:www.usccb.org 3069: 3063: 3059: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2960:Herwig Gössel 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2856:Gebhard Fürst 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2824:Georg Bätzing 2821: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2800:Heiner Wilmer 2797: 2793: 2792:Helmut Dieser 2789: 2785: 2784:Gerhard Feige 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2758:, archbishop 2757: 2753: 2750:, archbishop 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2728:Reinhard Marx 2723: 2716: 2710: 2706: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2684: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2674: 2669: 2658: 2655: 2649: 2644: 2637: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2585: 2575: 2573: 2568: 2562: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2546: 2536: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2509:Keith O'Brien 2506: 2502: 2498: 2493: 2489: 2483: 2481: 2480:new directive 2476: 2474: 2468: 2464: 2454: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2408: 2398: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2328: 2326: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2300: 2297: 2293: 2288: 2285: 2281: 2275: 2273: 2268: 2262: 2252: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2214: 2212: 2211:AIDS epidemic 2208: 2204: 2198: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2163: 2158: 2156: 2155: 2150: 2146: 2137: 2128: 2126: 2122: 2118: 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1557: 1556: 1552: 1551: 1541: 1536: 1534: 1529: 1527: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1518: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1504: 1496: 1486: 1484: 1476: 1474: 1466: 1464: 1456: 1454: 1446: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1423: 1422: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1387: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1361:Homosexuality 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1331: 1330: 1322: 1321:Protestantism 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1303: 1302: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1260:Miscellaneous 1257: 1256: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1239: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1218: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1208: 1202: 1199: 1198: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1175: 1172: 1171: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1139: 1136: 1135: 1129: 1128:Latin liturgy 1126: 1125: 1121: 1116: 1115: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1081: 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BBC News. 7095: 7079: 7057: 7053:Tushnet, Eve 7033: 7012: 6991: 6970: 6953:. Ullstein. 6949: 6910: 6895: 6881:. Retrieved 6866: 6843: 6816: 6811: 6802: 6792: 6783: 6770: 6745: 6723: 6698: 6676: 6665: 6656: 6645: 6620: 6614: 6605: 6599: 6591:The Guardian 6590: 6580: 6568:. Retrieved 6557: 6545:. Retrieved 6535: 6527:the original 6516: 6505: 6500: 6493:Boswell 1980 6488: 6469: 6463: 6451:. Retrieved 6447: 6438: 6429: 6423: 6412: 6402: 6390:. Retrieved 6386:the original 6375: 6363:. Retrieved 6359: 6350: 6335: 6323:. Retrieved 6317: 6307: 6295:. Retrieved 6291: 6281: 6269: 6258: 6246: 6234: 6222: 6203: 6192: 6182:16 September 6180:. Retrieved 6178:. The Pillar 6169: 6157:. Retrieved 6152: 6143: 6131:. Retrieved 6121: 6109:. Retrieved 6105: 6095: 6083:. Retrieved 6081:. p. B1 6078: 6068: 6057:, retrieved 6042: 6035: 6023:. Retrieved 6019: 6009: 6000: 5994: 5982:. Retrieved 5978: 5953:. Retrieved 5949: 5924:. Retrieved 5900:. Retrieved 5896: 5886: 5874:. Retrieved 5870: 5860: 5846: 5834:. 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Vintage. 6870:. OUP USA. 6855:Works cited 6570:11 February 6547:11 February 5836:2 September 5600:. 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