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Ceylon Defence Force

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386: 156: 143: 359:, who remarked, “I have an excellent guard of Ceylon Planters who are such a nice lot of fellows.” According to its onetime Commanding Officer (CO), Colonel T.Y. Wright (1904–1912), the Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps had sustained overall losses of 80 killed and 99 wounded in the Great War. Soon after the war the 80th Carnatics, who were the last regular military unit stationed in Ceylon on garrison duties, left. This resulted in the Ceylon Defence Force becoming a regular military unit with some units, such as the Mobilized Detachment of 378: 1981: 1991: 22: 2001: 721:
Recruitment took place at regiment and unit level, with the commanding officer of the regiment deciding on both the officer and other ranks recruited into their respective units, following an application and an interview by a recruitment board. This meant that regiments retained exclusiveness such as
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In 1900 Ceylon Mounted Infantry saw action and in 1902 a contingent of Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps, took part in the Second Boer War in South Africa. Their services were recognised by presentation, in 1902, of a colour to the Ceylon Mounted Infantry, and a presentation in 1904, of a Banner to the
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was Private Jacotine of the Ceylon Light Infantry, who was the last man left alive in his unit at the Battle of Lys, and who continued to fight for 20 minutes before he was killed. The CPRC sent a force of 8 officers and 229 other ranks commanded by Major J. Hall Brown to the Great War. The unit
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with Lieutenant Colonel John Scott Armtage appointed as the first Commanding Officer. The Ceylon Volunteers subsequently were renamed the Ceylon Volunteer Force and finally was renamed the Ceylon Defence Force in 1910. Units of the Ceylon Volunteer Force in 1910.
1764: 685:. Since the force was a volunteer force, its personnel were made up of exclusively of the upper and middle class of the island who could spare the free time. Much of the officer carder was made up of Europeans, 734:, the CDF personal served in a part-time basis. They would carryout dills and practice during a weekend per month and would undertake a training camp of two week duration once a year at Imperial Camp in the 338:, the Ceylon Defence Force was mobilised and expanded. Many volunteers from the Defence Force traveled to England and joined the British Army, and many of them were killed in action. One of them mentioned by 709:
graduates could easily gain a commission. Officer training was limited with, much of the training and activity were planned on weekends and at the annual training camp and exercise that took place in
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The origins of the Ceylon Defence Force can be traced back to the formation of the Ceylon Volunteers in 1881, whereby the Citizens' Rifle Society rifle section was designated the 1st Battalion
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In 1945 reached its wartime peak at 645 officers and 14,247 other ranks. At the centre of the expansion was the Ceylon Light Infantry which grew by 1946 from one to five battalions.
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Although there were Ceylonese officers much of the officer corps was made up of British officers and the other ranks were mostly Ceylonese with the exception of the
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began, the Ceylon Defence Force was mobilised and expanded to fortify Ceylon to meet a possible threat posed by the Japanese. CDF came direct command of the
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Soldiers who had experience in the CDF were actively recruited into the newly constructed regular force, and reconstituted volunteer force of the new
1053: 355:. The CPRC performed operational duties as guards to ANZAC headquarter staff, including the General Officer Commanding ANZAC, Lieutenant General 1679: 1058: 458:) by a few members of the Ceylon Garrison Artillery but was immediately put down by the Ceylon Light Infantry. CLI troops in 1941 escorted 1781: 1194: 1048: 1906: 1043: 90: 2060: 1951: 1852: 997: 722:
the Ceylon Mounted Rifles and the Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps which was limited to Europeans and not opened to native Ceylonese.
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sailed for Egypt in October 1914, and was deployed in defence of the Suez Canal. This unit was officially attached to the
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In 1947 the CDF was again mobilised in its last major internal security operation to suppress a left wing
1921: 1726: 1549: 1505: 1495: 788: 594: 323: 289: 271: 251: 557:(1967–1977) finished his term as Commander. The last Ceylon Defence Force veteran to leave the Army was 1880: 1870: 1819: 1597: 1483: 1450: 1445: 1262: 1862: 1793: 1559: 1554: 1510: 1285: 1252: 1220: 1009: 630: 588: 436: 827:- former Minister of Education (of the first cabinet 1948), Member of Parliament & State Council 1956: 1731: 1641: 1636: 1387: 948: 796: 769: 360: 263: 83: 1916: 1892: 1847: 1427: 1352: 694: 455: 414: 402: 398: 283: 1834: 1656: 1437: 1382: 1342: 1090: 761: 600: 421: 372: 235: 220: 43: 1911: 1661: 1399: 1277: 1216: 1068: 940: 927: 923: 907: 890: 869: 865: 844: 840: 824: 792: 674: 670: 657: 606: 580: 573: 432: 277: 250:
in Ceylon if mobilised. However mobilisation could be carried out only under orders from the
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The Ceylon Defence Force was officially disbanded on 11 April 1949 and reconstituted by
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force responsible for the defence of Ceylon. The CDF was under the command of the
39: 920: 882: 781: 731: 698: 678: 554: 543: 219:, which reformed the Ceylon Volunteer Force (CVF) that existed previously as the 184: 1736: 1689: 1267: 1232: 1085: 981: 969: 952: 944: 820: 801: 686: 561: 231: 224: 148: 1147: 2019: 900: 879: 854: 830: 539: 493: 444: 713:. Infantry companies were formed in cities and towns with local volunteers. 377: 1814: 1694: 1290: 814: 804: 758: 702: 682: 247: 239: 227: 194: 547: 535: 466: 335: 189: 937: 710: 452: 440: 348: 966: 957: 903: 558: 389:
Sergeant Van Omoheusen of the Auxiliary Territorial Service, Ceylon.
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were placed outside Ceylon undertaking garrison duties on the
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The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Sri Lanka
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Military units and formations of Ceylon in World War II
1122:(1st ed.). Colombo: Sri Lanka Army. pp. 1–3. 215:) was established in 1910 by the Ceylonese legislation 2056:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1949
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British Army Headquarters in Colombo, October 1940.
1019: 2051:Military units and formations established in 1881 1024:From its formation the Ceylon Defence Force used 701:communities. A few Europeans had served with the 431:Troops from the Ceylon Defence Force, mainly the 2017: 1170:A Historical Account of the Ceylon Defence Force 1036:Ceylon Overseas Volunteer Service Oval Medallion 963:- first commanding officer, Sri Lanka Engineers 1054:Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration 363:having troops mobilised on a permanent basis. 2046:Military units and formations of the Cold War 1195: 1115:Army, Sri Lanka (October 1999). "Chapter 1". 811:- A prominent figure executed by the British. 1680:Board of Commissioners of Currency of Ceylon 1059:Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal 636:Ceylon Motor Cyclist Corps (CMCC) (1915–N/A) 529: 48:introducing citations to additional sources 326:which was completely made up of Europeans. 1202: 1188: 1040:First World War Ceylon Commemorative Medal 503:, who were utilised to deter strikers in 1907:Wesleyan Methodist Mission, North Ceylon 1044:Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal 564:, who ended his service tenure in 1979. 384: 376: 38:Relevant discussion may be found on the 234:. At the time of forming it was only a 2018: 1962:Ceylonese recipients of British titles 1175:Forgotten campaign, forgotten veterans 1108: 516:Ceylon Defence Force Ordinance of 1910 469:to Ceylon, and later in 1946 Japanese 405:. It was sometimes referred to as the 347:(ANZAC) and was in 1915 dispatched to 1183: 748:Commander of the Ceylon Defence Force 345:Australian and New Zealand Army Corps 308:Cadet Battalion Ceylon Light Infantry 1144:"Brigadier Percy Douglas Ramanayake" 1114: 1096:Ceylon Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve 15: 2000: 654:(Ceylon) (ATS (Ceylon)) (1943–1946) 640:Ceylon Supply & Transport Corps 366: 13: 1604:General Officer Commanding, Ceylon 1531:General Officer Commanding, Ceylon 752: 677:from the Governor, instead of the 334:In 1914, with the outbreak of the 329: 313: 244:General Officer Commanding, Ceylon 14: 2072: 1158: 568:Units of the Ceylon Defence Force 1999: 1989: 1980: 1979: 1318:Sri Lankan independence movement 932:Commander of the Sri Lankan Army 424:had its headquarters located at 361:Ceylon Light Infantry Volunteers 238:force but soon developed into a 154: 141: 31:relies largely or entirely on a 20: 1967:Military awards and decorations 1932:Bible translations into Sinhala 1853:Sinhala words of English origin 1020:Former decorations & medals 998:Attempted military coup in 1962 542:and soldiers below the rank of 2061:Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force 1136: 1069:Efficiency Decoration (Ceylon) 1064:Volunteer Officers' Decoration 974:Chief of Staff, Sri Lanka Army 741: 716: 689:and a smaller extent from the 524:Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force 401:(SEAC) and formed part of the 296:Ceylon Volunteer Medical Corps 217:Ceylon Defence Force Ordinance 1: 2041:History of the Sri Lanka Army 1888:Methodist Church in Sri Lanka 1423:Legislative Council of Ceylon 1378:Colebrooke–Cameron Commission 1101: 652:Auxiliary Territorial Service 319:Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps. 1026:British military decorations 992:- first commanding officer, 912:Commander of the Ceylon Army 895:Commander of the Ceylon Army 874:Commander of the Ceylon Army 849:Commander of the Ceylon Army 664: 627:(CTG) (1914–1918, 1939–1945) 583:(Mob. Det., CLI) (1917–1939) 520:Ceylon Volunteer Force (CVF) 7: 1922:Sri Lanka Baptist Sangamaya 1594:British Military in Ceylon 1079: 725: 595:Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps 483: 324:Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps 290:Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps 272:Ceylon Artillery Volunteers 10: 2077: 1598:Commander-in-Chief, Ceylon 1296:Great Rebellion of 1817–18 951:- only Ceylonese to win a 745: 681:which was the case in the 451:took place (encouraged by 370: 257: 1975: 1944: 1861: 1833: 1802: 1752: 1745: 1672: 1619: 1575: 1476: 1436: 1415: 1370: 1363: 1276: 1240: 1230: 1119:"50 YEARS ON" - 1949–1999 1074:Efficiency Medal (Ceylon) 1049:Meritorious Service Medal 589:Ceylon Garrison Artillery 530:Impact on the Ceylon Army 437:Ceylon Garrison Artillery 178: 168: 136: 128: 120: 115: 1957:Maldivian Annual Tribute 1732:Indian Ocean slave trade 1637:Ceylon National Congress 1388:Donoughmore Constitution 797:Prime Minister of Ceylon 770:Prime Minister of Ceylon 579:Mobilised Detachment of 1917:The Pentecostal Mission 1893:American Ceylon Mission 1848:Sri Lankan Creole Malay 1428:State Council of Ceylon 1353:South East Asia Command 512:Army Act No. 17 of 1949 456:Lanka Sama Samaja Party 415:South East Asia Command 403:British 11th Army Group 399:South East Asia Command 284:Ceylon Mounted Infantry 1647:Sri Lankan nationalism 1383:Donoughmore Commission 1343:Ceylon in World War II 1091:Ceylon in World War II 996:and the leader of the 782:John Lionel Kotelawala 762:Don Stephen Senanayake 601:Ceylon Cadet Battalion 576:(CLI) (1881–Present) 522:, itself becoming the 422:Lord Louis Mountbatten 407:British Army in Ceylon 390: 382: 373:Ceylon in World War II 59:"Ceylon Defence Force" 2036:Military of Sri Lanka 1912:Lanka Lutheran Church 1662:Jaffna Youth Congress 1642:Native headmen system 1400:Soulbury Constitution 1328:1906 malaria outbreak 1217:British Ceylon period 1150:on 10 September 2012. 941:Basil Arthur Horsfall 671:commissioned officers 658:Royal Military Police 607:Ceylon Mounted Rifles 581:Ceylon Light Infantry 574:Ceylon Light Infantry 433:Ceylon Light Infantry 388: 380: 278:Ceylon Light Infantry 264:Ceylon Light Infantry 2026:Ceylon Defence Force 1583:Ceylon Defence Force 1489:Ceylon Civil Service 1348:Cocos Islands mutiny 1333:1915 Ceylonese riots 1014:Cocos Islands Mutiny 982:Fredrick C. de Saram 660:(Ceylon) (1944–1949) 648:(CSC) (1943–Present) 631:Town Guard Artillery 621:(CMC) (1911–Present) 619:Ceylon Medical Corps 603:(CCB) (1902–Present) 591:(CGA) (1889–Present) 449:Cocos Islands Mutiny 209:Ceylon Defence Force 124:1881 – 11 April 1949 116:Ceylon Defence Force 44:improve this article 1898:Batticotta Seminary 1565:Financial Secretary 1395:Soulbury Commission 1338:Suriya-Mal Movement 1323:Temperance movement 994:Sri Lanka Artillery 858:H. W. G. Wijeyekoon 736:Diyatalawa Garrison 646:Ceylon Signal Corps 615:(CE) (1911–Present) 411:Ceylon Army Command 353:Gallipoli Peninsula 351:(‘Z’ Beach) on the 1843:Sri Lankan English 1632:Kandyan Convention 1540:Board of Ministers 1511:Colonial Secretary 1313:Kandyan Convention 1301:Kandyan Convention 1286:Invasion of Ceylon 961:Douglas Ramanayake 847:- First Ceylonese 642:(CSTC) (1918–1949) 625:Colombo Town Guard 597:(CPRC) (1887–1949) 514:which revoked the 413:during this time. 393:In 1939, when the 391: 383: 340:Arthur Conan Doyle 162:Dominion of Ceylon 2013: 2012: 1940: 1939: 1881:Bishop of Colombo 1765:British buildings 1615: 1614: 1496:Executive Council 1468:Solicitor General 1032:Ceylon Medal 1818 834:Anton Muttukumaru 633:(TGA) (1914–1939) 609:(CMR) (1906–1938) 526:(SLAVF) in 1972. 202: 201: 109: 108: 94: 2068: 2003: 2002: 1993: 1983: 1982: 1876:Church of Ceylon 1750: 1749: 1652:Women's suffrage 1627:Treaty of Amiens 1521:Colonial Auditor 1516:Attorney General 1484:Governor-General 1463:Attorney General 1368: 1367: 1308:Matale Rebellion 1204: 1197: 1190: 1181: 1180: 1152: 1151: 1146:. Archived from 1140: 1134: 1133: 1117:Sri Lanka Army, 1112: 1012:- leader of the 1006:Gratien Fernando 613:Ceylon Engineers 395:Second World War 367:Second World War 357:William Birdwood 302:Ceylon Engineers 221:military reserve 195:Second World War 160: 158: 157: 147: 145: 144: 113: 112: 104: 101: 95: 93: 52: 24: 16: 2076: 2075: 2071: 2070: 2069: 2067: 2066: 2065: 2016: 2015: 2014: 2009: 1971: 1936: 1857: 1829: 1803:Related peoples 1798: 1741: 1668: 1611: 1571: 1560:Legal Secretary 1555:Chief Secretary 1472: 1432: 1411: 1359: 1272: 1236: 1226: 1225: 1208: 1161: 1156: 1155: 1142: 1141: 1137: 1130: 1113: 1109: 1104: 1082: 1022: 921:D. S. Attygalle 883:Richard Udugama 755: 753:Notable members 750: 744: 732:volunteer units 728: 719: 679:British Monarch 673:received their 667: 570: 555:D. S. Attygalle 544:warrant officer 532: 486: 473:from Ceylon to 375: 369: 336:First World War 332: 330:First World War 316: 314:Second Boer War 260: 205: 190:First World War 185:Second Boer War 155: 153: 152: 142: 140: 105: 99: 96: 53: 51: 37: 25: 12: 11: 5: 2074: 2064: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2011: 2010: 2008: 2007: 1997: 1987: 1976: 1973: 1972: 1970: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1941: 1938: 1937: 1935: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1903: 1902: 1901: 1900: 1890: 1885: 1884: 1883: 1867: 1865: 1859: 1858: 1856: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1839: 1837: 1831: 1830: 1828: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1799: 1797: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1785: 1784: 1779: 1769: 1768: 1767: 1756: 1754: 1747: 1743: 1742: 1740: 1739: 1737:Kangani system 1734: 1729: 1727:Tea production 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1698: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1669: 1667: 1666: 1665: 1664: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1616: 1613: 1612: 1610: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1601: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1572: 1570: 1569: 1568: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1536: 1535: 1534: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1492: 1491: 1486: 1480: 1478: 1474: 1473: 1471: 1470: 1465: 1460: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1442: 1440: 1434: 1433: 1431: 1430: 1425: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1412: 1410: 1409: 1404: 1403: 1402: 1392: 1391: 1390: 1380: 1374: 1372: 1365: 1361: 1360: 1358: 1357: 1356: 1355: 1350: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1298: 1288: 1282: 1280: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1270: 1268:Kandyan period 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1244: 1242: 1238: 1237: 1233:British Ceylon 1231: 1228: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1199: 1192: 1184: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1167: 1165:Sri Lanka Army 1160: 1159:External links 1157: 1154: 1153: 1135: 1128: 1106: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1099: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1086:Sri Lanka Army 1081: 1078: 1077: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1038: 1033: 1021: 1018: 1017: 1016: 1000: 976: 970:T. S. B. Sally 964: 955: 953:Victoria Cross 935: 915: 898: 877: 852: 828: 821:E. A. Nugawela 812: 799: 773: 754: 751: 746:Main article: 743: 740: 727: 724: 718: 715: 666: 663: 662: 661: 655: 649: 643: 637: 634: 628: 622: 616: 610: 604: 598: 592: 586: 585: 584: 569: 566: 562:T. S. B. Sally 540:officer cadets 531: 528: 485: 482: 368: 365: 331: 328: 315: 312: 311: 310: 305: 299: 293: 287: 281: 275: 259: 256: 203: 200: 199: 198: 197: 192: 187: 180: 176: 175: 170: 166: 165: 149:British Ceylon 138: 134: 133: 130: 126: 125: 122: 118: 117: 107: 106: 100:September 2016 42:. 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Hon. 729: 720: 703:British Army 683:British Army 668: 533: 515: 511: 509: 499: 487: 479: 430: 410: 406: 392: 333: 321: 317: 261: 248:British Army 228:Crown colony 216: 212: 208: 206: 110: 97: 87: 80: 73: 66: 54: 30: 2005:WikiProject 1772:Place names 1416:Legislature 1235:1815 – 1948 934:(1967–1977) 914:(1966–1967) 897:(1964–1966) 876:(1960–1963) 851:(1955–1959) 742:Commandants 717:Recruitment 548:Ceylon Army 536:Ceylon Army 467:Middle East 179:Engagements 164:(1948–1949) 151:(1881–1948) 2020:Categories 1588:Commanders 1364:Government 1241:Background 1102:References 1003:Bombardier 938:Lieutenant 711:Diyatalawa 675:commission 453:Trotskyist 441:Seychelles 428:, Ceylon. 371:See also: 349:Anzac Cove 70:newspapers 1835:Languages 1600:(Unified) 1526:Treasurer 1477:Executive 1438:Judiciary 972:- Former 967:Brigadier 958:Brigadier 930:- Former 910:- Former 904:B.R. Heyn 893:- Former 872:- Former 691:Sinhalese 665:Personnel 559:Brigadier 465:from the 129:Disbanded 40:talk page 1985:Category 1863:Religion 1782:Scottish 1702:Cinnamon 1620:Politics 1576:Military 1550:Governor 1506:Governor 1456:Justices 1258:Timeline 1080:See also 795:- Third 768:- First 726:Training 707:Oxbridge 687:Burghers 484:Post war 443:and the 435:and the 252:Governor 1952:Schools 1810:British 1777:English 1753:Culture 1746:Society 1712:Coconut 1673:Economy 1278:History 1248:Outline 1219:topics 979:Colonel 918:General 802:Captain 776:General 552:General 518:as the 505:Colombo 500:Glasgow 460:Italian 419:Admiral 258:History 246:of the 240:regular 236:reserve 225:British 223:in the 137:Country 84:scholar 1995:Portal 1825:Malays 1722:Rubber 1717:Coffee 1606:(Army) 1126:  695:Tamils 550:until 490:hartal 417:under 298:(CVMC) 292:(CPRC) 232:Ceylon 159:  146:  121:Active 86:  79:  72:  65:  57:  1945:Other 1789:Music 1707:Cocoa 1685:Rupee 1263:Years 815:Major 496:from 475:India 447:. 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