43:
2607:
776:
2462:
576:
2446:
2618:
1463:
1063:
2009:
1288:
1081:
By the end of 1769, he was in open opposition to the government and was making little contribution to discussions in cabinet. Only Royal pressure kept him in post. However, by the beginning of 1770, Chatham had returned to the fray, opposing government policies on Wilkes and
America. On 9 January 1770, Chatham moved a motion opposing the government's policies and Camden stepped down from the
1379:. Camden's resolution that appointment rested with parliament was carried in the Lords by 99 votes to 66 on 23 December 1788. Moreover, on 22 January 1789, Camden's motion to appoint the Prince of Wales, but with restrictions in case of the King's recovery, was carried by 94 to 68 votes. The King recovered the following month before the Regency Bill contained the force of law.
1203:... a bill of war; it draws the sword, and in its necessary consequences plunges the empire into civil and unnatural war ... My lords, it is evident that England must one day lose the dominion of America. It is impossible that this petty island can continue in dependence that mighty continent … To protract the time of separation to a distant day is all that can be hoped.
752:, which were published in 1756–58. As evidence of Pratt's moderation in a period of passionate party warfare and frequent state trials, it is notable that this was the only official prosecution for libel that he started and that he maintained his earlier insistence that the decision lay with the jury. He led for the Crown in the prosecution of
1032:
of 1766 which asserted Great
Britain's sovereignty over the American colonies. Further, continued unrest in America, stemming from Townshend's 1767 taxation scheme, brought a robust response from Pitt and Camden was his spokesman in the Lords. However, towards the end of 1767, Pitt, now raised to the
839:
unlawfully arrested over the same matter. Wilkes was awarded £1,000 (£127,000 at 2003 prices) and Pratt condemned the use of general warrants for entry and search. Pratt pronounced with decisive and almost passionate energy against their legality, thus giving voice to the strong feeling of the nation
1493:
By the 20th century, Camden's legal opinions were seen as subservient to
Chatham's politics and Camden certainly followed the party line on Wilkes and America. However, his party loyalty was tempered by a self-serving interest in power. He served under five prime ministers and on two occasions clung
1080:
of the House to regulate its own membership, Wilkes could, though lawfully elected, be lawfully expelled. However, Camden saw that this was only likely to lead to Wilkes's re-election and an escalating crisis. The cabinet decided to seek Wilkes's expulsion but Camden was not content with the policy.
1258:
broke out in 1775 and
Chatham's faction were dismayed. Their official line was to advocate mediation, refusing to think of either American independence or continued English hegemony. Camden continued to speak on the dilemma in parliament. He continued steadfastly to oppose the taxation of the
1176:. Camden roundly criticised the taxes that had led to the American protests, as he had opposed them in Cabinet from 1767 to 1769, but was reminded that he was Lord Chancellor when they were imposed. The Chathamite faction went on to support the Bill and further to support the
1041:
I do not know what to advise... I submit to the declaratory law, and have thought it my duty, upon that ground, as a minister, to exert my constitutional power to carry out the duty act into execution. But as a member of the legislature I cannot bring myself to advise violent
1054:'s confrontational approach to the Americas, favouring conciliation and working on the development of reformed tax proposals. Camden personally promised the colonies that no further taxes would be levied, and voted in the cabinet minority who sought to repeal the tea duty.
497:, travelling also the western circuit. For some years his practice was so limited, and he became so much discouraged that he seriously thought of turning his back on the law and entering the church. He listened, however, to the advice of his friend Sir
889:. Camden did attend the Commons on 14 January 1766 and his subsequent speeches on the matter in the Lords are so similar to Pitt's that he had clearly adopted the party line. He was one of only five Lords who voted against the
1724:
1609:(1762) 2 Wilson 145, 146, "I wish never to hear this objection again. This action is for a tort: torts are infinitely various; not limited or confined, for there is nothing in nature but may be an instrument of mischief".
913:
on 30 July. Camden managed to negotiate an additional allowance of £1500 and a position for his son John. Camden carried out the role in an efficient manner, without any great legal innovation. He presided over the
1106:
managed to form a successor administration and Camden was left to the opposition, continuing to sit in the Lords. From 1770 onwards, Chatham neglected parliamentary attendance and left leadership of the house to
515:
The first case which brought him prominently into notice and gave him assurance of ultimate success was the government prosecution, in 1752, of a bookseller, William Owen. Owen had published a book
2082:
827:
gave him immunity from arrest on such a charge. The decision earned Pratt some favour with the radical faction in London and seems to have spurred him, over the summer of that year to encourage
1411:
to the hands of the jury as the representatives of the people. The judges he held were too prone to government pressure to guarantee essential freedoms. Despite the unanimous opposition of the
3153:
501:, a brother barrister, and persevered, working on and waiting for success. Reputedly, once instructed as Henley's junior, Henley feigned illness so that Pratt could lead and earn the credit.
527:". The author had left the country so the weight of the government's censure fell on Owen. Pratt appeared in Owen's defence and his novel argument was that it was not the sole role of the
2412:
1501:, his daughter's stepson. Camden, whose own son was not to prove much of a statesman, recognised young Robert's potential and treated him very much as though he was his actual grandson.
1102:
Chatham, Rockingham and
Grenville were expected to combine to bring down Grafton, when it was expected that Lord Camden would return to the woolsack. However, though Grafton resigned,
2024:
1046:
Pitt resigned on 14 October and Camden, who continued to sit in the cabinet as Lord
Chancellor, now took up a position of uncompromising hostility to the governments of Grafton and
802:
The Common Pleas was not an obvious forum for a jurist with constitutional interest, dealing as it did principally with disputes between private parties. However, on 30 April 1763,
1335:
Camden took an animated part in the debates on important public matters until within two years of his death, in particular supporting Pitt's 1785 Parliamentary Reform Bill and the
1471:
a great constitutional lawyer, a great legal historian, and a great common lawyer — a worthy successor, by virtue both of his learning and his principles, of such predecessors as
897:
colonies overseas. Camden insisted that taxation was predicated on consent and that consent needed representation. However, when he came to support the government over the Act's
840:
and winning for himself an extraordinary degree of popularity as one of the maintainers of
English civil liberties. Honours fell thick upon him in the form of addresses from the
981:
on 26 September to prohibit grain exports until parliament met. However, despite Camden's record on civil liberties, this proclamation was unlawful, contrary to art.2 of the
1387:
To the last, Camden zealously defended his early views on the functions of juries, especially of their right to decide on all questions of libel. In the Lords debate on the
636:
had obstructed Pratt's career in favour of his own son. Though this led to an uncomfortable relationship between the two law officers of the Crown, it led to the landmark
2217:
2178:
583:
Since their youthful meeting at Eton, Pitt had continued to consult Pratt on legal and constitutional matters and Pratt became involved in the group that met at the
3138:
1605:
1316:, the son of his former patron, came to power and within a few months, Camden was reinstated as Lord President, holding the post until his death. He was created
1214:
I never heard a greater flow of words, but my knowledge of facts in this controversy caused his misrepresentations and glosses to appear in a very strong light.
3143:
1371:
examination of the King's doctors' opinions. With
Thurlow unwilling to lead the legislature, Camden grasped the challenge of inviting parliament to appoint a
504:
He was further aided by an advantageous marriage on 5 October 1749 to
Elizabeth, daughter of Nicholas Jeffreys of the Priory, Brecknock, by whom he had a son
3108:
1017:
reportedly observed that it was "internal" taxes that the colonists objected to and
Townshend took this to suggest that there would be little opposition to
885:
had unsuccessfully made this, and other appointments, to curry favour with Pitt but Camden was not over-eager to get involved in the crisis surrounding the
2442:
882:
394:. However, he clung to office himself, even when Pitt was out of power, serving in the cabinet for fifteen years and under five different prime ministers.
161:
2362:
246:
2899:
1267:
under the Rockingham-Shelburne administration, supporting the government economic programme and anti-corruption drive, and championing repeal of the
3118:
3093:
3088:
2158:
An Enquiry into the Question, whether Juries are, or are not, Judges of Law, as well as of Fact; with a particular Reference to the Case of Libels
1451:
on 18 April 1794. His remains were interred in Seal church in Kent. Camden died a wealthy man, much of his wealth deriving from his wife. Both
1368:
1076:, much to Grafton's distaste. Grafton canvassed Camden on whether Wilkes could be removed from parliament and Camden responded that, under the
796:
323:
33:
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bringing him into line. However, by May, fears that the Bill would focus and strengthen American resistance led Camden to oppose the measure.
2949:
2919:
2909:
42:
2979:
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Pratt lost his patron when Pitt left office in October 1761 but in January 1762, he resigned from the Commons, was raised to the bench as
3103:
2824:
2667:
1498:
599:
509:
2029:
901:, he rather unconvincingly purported to base his opinion on the actual hardship caused by the Act rather than its constitutional basis.
3128:
3059:
2642:
2592:
2434:
3158:
2393:
919:
1089:, outraged by his conduct, demanded his dismissal on 17 January. He seems also to have resigned as a Chancery judge in late 1769.
3133:
2929:
2894:
2759:
2739:
2506:
2345:
2136:
622:
607:
540:
234:
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2536:
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2239:
2232:
1073:
618:
498:
375:
109:
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in favour of an address to the King on the subject of the manifesto of the commissioners to America. In 1782 he was appointed
3123:
2874:
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2819:
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1034:
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97:
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1900:
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granting permission to develop some fields he owned just to the north of London. In 1791 he laid out the land in plots and
1108:
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438:
165:
970:
2934:
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2864:
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2335:
993:, and styled it "a forty days tyranny". Ultimately the government was forced to suppress the parliamentary attacks by an
629:
189:
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1276:
1188:
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for fear of inhibiting the advancement of learning. This was a key influence on the ultimate rejection of that year's
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2734:
2718:
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2266:
1966:
1452:
1360:
909:
In May 1766, Pitt again became prime minister and advanced Camden from the court of common pleas to take his seat as
788:
454:
445:. Charles's mother, Elizabeth, was the daughter of Rev. Hugh Wilson of Trefeglwys, and the aunt of landscape painter
383:
371:
177:
93:
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stepped in as caretaker. Camden became indecisive in his own political role, writing to Grafton on 4 October 1768:
588:
339:
3148:
2904:
2884:
2501:
2486:
1376:
1115:
595:
505:
1339:
trade proposals that same year. Camden continued to attend cabinet meetings and, after he moved to Hill Street,
2969:
2914:
2879:
2849:
2839:
2814:
660:
over both, only the property of the former was vested in the Crown. Though the original opinion related to the
2724:
2657:
2647:
2582:
2427:
2352:
2325:
2213:
2199:
1822:
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1264:
1126:
should not only decide whether the work in question was published but also whether the words themselves were
1006:
748:, a violent party writer of the day. Shebbeare had published a libel against the government contained in his
128:
1531:, was named for him in 1791. This is one of several cities, towns, and counties bearing his name, including
2924:
2779:
2764:
1255:
1207:
1177:
458:
307:
2169:
1352:
1103:
1086:
1047:
688:
544:
775:
2516:
1135:
692:
661:
941:. In 1768 in the House of Lords he again sat in a case involving John Wilkes, this time rejecting his
1700:
1556:
1456:
961:
However, Camden the politician was less of a champion of civil rights than Pratt the judge. The poor
442:
937:
who refused to serve the corporation. Dissenters were in any case prohibited from serving under the
3113:
2467:
2420:
2370:
1862:
1618:
1400:
1313:
1291:
1131:
1123:
828:
672:
531:
to determine the fact of publication but that it was further their right to assess the intent of a
528:
520:
446:
354:
222:
721:
practice which made him financially secure and enabled him to purchase the Camden Place estate in
2141:
1908:
1560:
1275:. Once Rockingham died in July, the Chathamite residue could only lose the Commons vote over the
1187:
On 16 February 1775, Camden made his major speech on the crisis, opposing public opinion and the
1077:
824:
48:
977:
ban that expired on 26 August. Pitt, with Camden's support, called the Privy Council to issue a
1564:
1540:
1532:
1085:
to give a speech in support of the motion. However, he did not resign as Lord Chancellor until
710:
575:
508:, his successor in title and estates, and four daughters, of whom the eldest, Frances, married
3098:
1476:
391:
1983:
1364:
402:
3083:
3078:
2189:
1591:
took its name from the town in Alabama. Furthermore, Pratt Street, a major thoroughfare in
1268:
1153:
938:
803:
676:
25:
1375:, in the face of the opposition's support for the automatic appointment of their ally the
8:
2276:
2259:
2156:
2058:
1625:
1613:
1298:
1149:
1144:
989:. Camden pleaded necessity, a justification he had rejected in the Wilkes and Carrington
982:
918:
from which only one of his decisions was overturned on appeal. He also presided over the
857:
836:
641:
637:
398:
363:
1407:
cases. Broadening the legal argument to the constitutional and political Camden charged
2578:
1548:
978:
462:
434:
1877:
523:
had, by resolution of the House, condemned as "an impudent, malicious, scandalous and
2714:
2683:
1962:
1576:
1505:
1480:
1306:
1231:
1192:
1014:
1010:
994:
915:
844:
and many large towns, and of presentations of freedom from various corporate bodies.
718:
564:
482:
640:
of 24 December 1757 whereby the pair distinguished overseas territories acquired by
2123:
2119:
2046:
Continuation of the Life of Lord Chancellor Camden till he became and Ex-Chancellor
1584:
1568:
1173:
1165:
819:
584:
556:
474:
2147:
1690:
861:(1765), Pratt held that the raids were unlawful as they were without authority in
3044:
3019:
3009:
2450:
2402:
2298:
1572:
1340:
1309:
1235:
1029:
910:
890:
814:
780:
729:
633:
591:
552:
524:
470:
466:
379:
358:
350:
346:
60:
1912:
1343:
on account of his ill health, cabinet meetings were sometimes held at his home.
1279:
the following February. Camden resigned and persuaded Shelburne to do the same.
1028:
Pitt and his followers had, after their initial opposition, come to support the
691:
for four years, but did not distinguish himself as a debater. He introduced the
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2989:
2687:
2623:
2445:
1686:
1544:
1536:
1392:
1388:
1329:
1260:
946:
931:
927:
886:
878:
841:
745:
714:
665:
406:
2131:
1423:
Camden was short in stature but of a fine physique. For recreation he enjoyed
517:
The Case of Alexander Murray, Esq; in an Appeal to the people of Great Britain
3072:
3029:
2546:
2308:
2249:
2020:
2015:
1528:
1520:
1432:
1408:
1243:
950:
701:
653:
625:
478:
121:
1621:
1030, right to security and property without arbitrary official interference
3034:
3024:
2999:
2205:
2182:
2074:
1436:
1139:
706:
450:
1403:
was an essential element of libel and should be decided by the jury as in
717:. At the same time, his professional practice increased, particularly his
3014:
2383:
2039:
Life of Lord Chancellor Camden from his Birth till the Death of George II
1513:
1472:
1462:
1066:
1018:
990:
848:
806:
657:
548:
410:
387:
1199:'s dictum that resistance to tyranny was justified and called the Bill:
1025:. Camden's support for the tax proposals would return to embarrass him.
409:. He started the development of the settlement that was later to become
3039:
2984:
2086:
2033:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 100.
1552:
1219:
1196:
1181:
1127:
966:
792:
494:
426:
342:
302:
275:
210:
149:
81:
3004:
1592:
1580:
1412:
1396:
1302:
1191:, a speech often believed to have been drafted in collaboration with
1062:
934:
684:
649:
614:
560:
1234:
that the Act's ulterior objective was to create an army of militant
1013:'s attempt to settle the American protest and revolt over taxation.
985:
and both houses of parliament ultimately accused Pitt and Camden of
851:
had been raided by officers of the Crown, searching for evidence of
1588:
1444:
1356:
1287:
1223:
1169:
1082:
852:
2014:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1943:
877:, of Camden Place, in Chislehurst, Kent, becoming a member of the
713:
and political cases. Despite Pitt's support, the Bill fell in the
1428:
1336:
1321:
1272:
1138:, believing it to be impractical. In 1774, in the House of Lords
1111:
with whom Camden could manage only the coolest of relationships.
986:
962:
862:
832:
764:
733:
617:
government with Newcastle and insisted on Pratt's appointment as
473:
of his college, and in the following year obtained his degree of
327:
283:
1072:
On 28 March 1768, Wilkes was surprisingly elected as member for
1448:
1404:
1372:
1239:
1227:
974:
942:
898:
893:, a resolution of the House insisting on parliament's right to
810:
761:
757:
741:
737:
645:
551:
as publication was proved and the intent of the contents was a
414:
331:
279:
1443:. His vices were sloth and gluttony rather than womanising or
1363:
hesitated over what action to take, thereby precipitating the
3154:
Whig (British political party) MPs for English constituencies
1524:
1512:
them for the construction of 1,400 houses, the beginnings of
1509:
1497:
In his last years, he took a great interest in the career of
1424:
1226:
from a small number of settlers, he unsuccessfully moved its
1119:
603:
536:
532:
477:. Having adopted his father's profession, he had entered the
430:
335:
1567:. In turn, Camden, South Carolina gave its name both to the
1559:(of which the eponymous city is the seat and largest city),
1259:
American colonists, and signed, in 1778, the protest of the
1440:
1022:
722:
696:
1823:"Portrait of a lady, Marquess of Camden, Nathaniel Daniel"
2057:
1312:
that brought down the administration on 9 December 1783.
1164:
The year 1774 brought a renewed crisis over America. The
945:
and finding that his consecutive, rather than concurrent
894:
397:
During his life, Pratt played a leading role in opposing
1415:, Camden's speech helped secure a majority of 57 to 32.
1901:"To tax or not to tax – 4/5 The Townshend Acts of 1767"
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
2067:. Vol. Part I – Names. London: Hansard. pp.
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
349:. As a lawyer and judge he was a leading proponent of
949:
were lawful. He gave a controversial judgment in the
1982:
Walford, E. (1878). "Camden Town and Kentish Town".
664:, it came to be applied elsewhere in the developing
1640:
956:
2101:
1875:
1230:. However, he seems to have been in the grip of a
1956:
1222:is unknown but in May 1775, and in response to a
16:English lawyer, judge, and politician (1714–1794)
3070:
868:
3139:Whig members of the Parliament of Great Britain
2950:Secretaries of State for Constitutional Affairs
2064:General Index to the Collection of State Trials
1961:. London: Sweet & Maxwell. p. 10.672.
1839:Thomas (2008). Rigg (1896) has three daughters.
1249:
997:indemnifying those involved from legal action.
2095:. Vol. 46. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
1159:
965:of 1766 led to fears of high grain prices and
817:for alleged seditious libel in issue No.45 of
433:family of high standing, the third son of Sir
330:21 March 1714 – 18 April 1794) was an English
3144:Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain
2428:
2132:Pratt, Charles, first Earl Camden (1714–1794)
1297:Camden was a leading opponent of the ensuing
1130:or innocent. He opposed the extension of the
3109:Peers of Great Britain created by George III
1685:
386:, supporting Pitt in the controversies over
2634:Heads of the Judiciary in England and Wales
2478:Heads of the Judiciary in England and Wales
1981:
1499:Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry
510:Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry
2435:
2421:
2154:
1399:. c. 60) on 16 May, Camden contended that
594:and who were opposed to the government of
461:. He had already developed an interest in
41:
3060:List of lord chancellors and lord keepers
1898:
1346:
1195:for an American audience. Camden invoked
1050:on America and on Wilkes. Camden opposed
1009:, of which Camden was a member, approved
488:
2144:, online edn, accessed 15 February 2008
2099:
2019:
1847:
1845:
1673:
1461:
1418:
1286:
1061:
1033:Lords as Earl Chatham, fell ill and the
920:judicial functions of the House of Lords
831:to award disproportionate and excessive
774:
632:, a political ally of Newcastle who, as
606:but Pratt preferred to take the role of
574:
567:in 1755, and knighted in December 1761.
202:1 December 1784 – 18 April 1794
3094:Attorneys general for England and Wales
2137:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2107:and the genealogy of modern authorship"
1957:Holdsworth, W. S.; et al. (1937).
1796:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1723:
608:Attorney General to the Prince of Wales
493:He practised at first in the courts of
429:in 1714, he was a descendant of an old
73:30 July 1766 – 17 January 1770
3071:
2451:Lord High Chancellors of Great Britain
2240:Attorney General for England and Wales
1907:. Department of Humanities Computing,
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1719:
1717:
1494:to office after Chatham had resigned.
1148:, Camden spoke against the concept of
728:As Attorney-General, Pratt prosecuted
449:. He received his early education at
2416:
2299:Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
2053:Lord Chancellor Camden and his Family
1878:"Consumer Price Inflation since 1750"
1842:
1808:
1806:
1595:, is also named partially after him.
1459:held Camden a great Lord Chancellor.
1320:on 13 May 1786 and granted a further
911:Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
634:Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
602:. In 1756, Newcastle offered Pratt a
559:for the jury. The jury disagreed and
380:Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
141:27 March 1782 – 2 April 1783
61:Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
3119:Fellows of King's College, Cambridge
2080:
1876:O'Donoghue, J.; et al. (2004).
1367:. As Lord President, Camden led the
1114:During 1770–71, Camden tussled with
770:
693:Habeas corpus Amendment Bill of 1758
481:in 1728, and ten years later he was
3089:Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
1735:
1714:
1282:
695:, which was intended to extend the
570:
345:who was first to hold the title of
13:
3104:Chief justices of the Common Pleas
1803:
1382:
1189:New England Trade and Fishery Bill
1097:
904:
873:On 17 July 1765 Pratt was created
823:. Pratt freed Wilkes holding that
760:of a servant, a case that shocked
754:Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers
453:, where he became acquainted with
47:Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden by
14:
3170:
3129:Lord chancellors of Great Britain
2267:Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
1911:, The Netherlands. Archived from
1905:From Revolution to Reconstruction
1168:in 1773 led Lord North to seek a
1057:
789:Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
439:Chief Justice of the King's Bench
372:Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
357:, and limiting the powers of the
2970:Secretaries of State for Justice
2616:
2605:
2460:
2444:
2092:Dictionary of National Biography
2007:
1555:, as well as Camden Counties in
750:Letters to the People of England
353:, championing the rights of the
3159:People educated at Eton College
2025:Camden, Charles Pratt, 1st Earl
2000:
1975:
1950:
1936:
1927:
1892:
1869:
1092:
644:from those acquired by private
547:directed the jury to find Owen
3134:Lord Presidents of the Council
2632:Speakers of the House of Lords
2476:Speakers of the House of Lords
2124:10.1525/rep.1988.23.1.99p0230p
1854:
1833:
1815:
1679:
1583:was named for the battle, and
1466:Charles Pratt's memorial stone
1305:and leading the opposition to
1122:, Camden maintaining that the
320:Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden
1:
2353:Lord President of the Council
2326:Lord President of the Council
1944:"St Peter & St Paul Seal"
1696:Dictionary of Welsh Biography
1633:
1265:Lord President of the Council
869:The American Stamp Act crisis
671:The same year he entered the
420:
129:Lord President of the Council
3124:Fellows of the Royal Society
2148:UK public library membership
1359:was feared. Lord Chancellor
1256:American War of Independence
1250:American War of Independence
1178:Massachusetts Government Act
648:. They asserted that, while
613:In July 1757, Pitt formed a
7:
2170:Parliament of Great Britain
2103:"The author as proprietor:
1729:A Cambridge Alumni Database
1160:The American crisis of 1774
621:. Pratt was preferred over
10:
3175:
2083:Pratt, Charles (1714-1794)
1731:. University of Cambridge.
1725:"Pratt, Charles (PRT731C)"
1447:. The Earl Camden died in
1000:
922:where in 1767 he approved
662:British East India Company
563:Owen. Pratt was appointed
162:The Marquess of Rockingham
3057:
2968:
2948:
2631:
2614:
2603:
2458:
2400:
2390:
2381:
2376:
2369:
2359:
2350:
2342:
2332:
2323:
2315:
2305:
2296:
2288:
2283:
2273:
2264:
2256:
2246:
2237:
2229:
2224:
2210:
2187:
2175:
2168:
2130:Thomas, P. D. G. (2008) "
1701:National Library of Wales
791:, received the customary
535:. In his summing up, the
459:King's College, Cambridge
382:, and was a confidant of
361:in leading cases such as
313:
308:King's College, Cambridge
301:
289:
261:
256:
252:
240:
228:
216:
206:
195:
183:
171:
155:
145:
134:
127:
115:
103:
87:
77:
66:
59:
55:
40:
23:
2371:Peerage of Great Britain
2061:; Howell, T. J. (1828).
2037:Campbell, J. L. (1851a)
1988:. Vol. 5. pp.
1959:A History of English Law
1598:
1314:William Pitt the Younger
1292:William Pitt the Younger
1218:How Camden voted on the
1172:of the city through the
1132:Royal Marriages Act 1772
973:and could not renew the
679:(MP) for the borough of
223:William Pitt the Younger
2292:The Earl of Northington
2142:Oxford University Press
2030:Encyclopædia Britannica
1909:University of Groningen
1504:In 1788 he obtained an
1078:parliamentary privilege
825:parliamentary privilege
795:and was sworn into the
628:. Yorke was the son of
370:He held the offices of
110:The Earl of Northington
3149:People from Kensington
2636:Members of the Cabinet
2480:Members of the Cabinet
1491:
1467:
1365:regency crisis of 1788
1347:Regency crisis of 1788
1294:
1216:
1205:
1134:to all descendants of
1069:
1044:
957:"A forty days tyranny"
784:
580:
579:William Pitt the Elder
489:Early years at the Bar
469:. In 1734 he became a
403:regency crisis of 1788
2583:William Henry Ashurst
2336:The Viscount Stormont
2081:Rigg, J. M. (1896). "
2048:, Blanchard & Lea
2041:, Blanchard & Lea
1863:Howell's State Trials
1619:Howell's State Trials
1606:Chapman v Pickersgill
1469:
1465:
1419:Reputation and legacy
1290:
1212:
1201:
1065:
1039:
847:In 1762, the home of
779:Sir Charles Pratt by
778:
578:
555:for the judge, not a
392:American independence
190:The Viscount Stormont
166:The Earl of Shelburne
2363:The Earl Fitzwilliam
2190:Member of Parliament
2161:. London: J. Wilkie.
2051:Eeles, H. S. (1934)
1301:, denouncing it for
1277:American peace terms
1269:Declaratory Act 1720
1180:, Camden's inherent
951:Douglas Peerage case
939:Corporation Act 1661
804:Member of Parliament
677:Member of Parliament
247:The Earl Fitzwilliam
26:The Right Honourable
2587:Sir Beaumont Hotham
2394:John Jeffreys Pratt
2277:John Eardley Wilmot
2155:Towers, J. (1764).
2105:Donaldson v. Becket
1829:. 27 November 2018.
1626:Donaldson v Beckett
1614:Entick v Carrington
1299:Fox-North Coalition
1246:British colonists.
1150:perpetual copyright
1145:Donaldson v Beckett
983:Bill of Rights 1689
969:but parliament was
926:'s ruling that the
858:Entick v Carrington
638:Pratt-Yorke opinion
399:perpetual copyright
364:Entick v Carrington
98:The Duke of Grafton
94:The Earl of Chatham
2284:Political offices
1985:Old and New London
1899:Davis, D. (2003).
1468:
1457:William Holdsworth
1351:In November 1788,
1328:to lend his son a
1295:
1070:
979:royal proclamation
865:or in common law.
785:
581:
541:Lord Chief Justice
463:constitutional law
3066:
3065:
3053:
3052:
2601:
2600:
2411:
2410:
2391:Succeeded by
2360:Succeeded by
2333:Succeeded by
2319:The Earl Bathurst
2306:Succeeded by
2274:Succeeded by
2247:Succeeded by
2211:Succeeded by
2146:(subscription or
2100:Rose, M. (1988).
1506:Act of Parliament
1232:conspiracy theory
1208:Thomas Hutchinson
1193:Benjamin Franklin
1154:Booksellers' Bill
1052:Lord Hillsborough
1015:Benjamin Franklin
1011:Charles Townshend
916:Court of Chancery
881:. Prime Minister
855:. In the case of
771:Wilkes and Entick
623:Solicitor General
600:Duke of Newcastle
483:called to the Bar
317:
316:
178:The Earl Bathurst
3166:
2629:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2609:
2473:
2472:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2449:
2448:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2414:
2413:
2343:Preceded by
2316:Preceded by
2289:Preceded by
2257:Preceded by
2230:Preceded by
2214:Thomas Pym Hales
2176:Preceded by
2166:
2165:
2162:
2151:
2127:
2109:
2096:
2072:
2034:
2013:
2011:
2010:
1994:
1993:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1934:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1915:on 28 April 2008
1896:
1890:
1889:
1873:
1867:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1840:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1801:
1798:
1733:
1732:
1721:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1691:"Richard Wilson"
1683:
1677:
1671:
1629:98 ER 257 (1774)
1569:Battle of Camden
1489:
1433:romantic fiction
1283:The Younger Pitt
1242:to suppress the
1174:Boston Port Bill
1166:Boston Tea Party
1118:over the law of
820:The North Briton
673:House of Commons
619:Attorney-General
571:Political career
557:question of fact
521:House of Commons
512:on 7 June 1775.
441:in the reign of
407:Fox's Libel Bill
405:and championing
401:, resolving the
376:Attorney-General
296:
272:
270:
257:Personal details
243:
231:
219:
200:
186:
174:
158:
139:
118:
106:
90:
71:
45:
21:
20:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3163:
3114:English knights
3069:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3049:
2972:
2964:
2952:
2944:
2709:In Commission:
2678:In Commission:
2635:
2633:
2617:
2615:
2610:
2597:
2479:
2477:
2461:
2459:
2454:
2443:
2441:
2406:
2396:
2387:
2365:
2356:
2348:
2338:
2329:
2321:
2311:
2302:
2294:
2279:
2270:
2262:
2252:
2243:
2235:
2220:
2216:
2202:
2197:
2185:
2181:
2145:
2112:Representations
2023:, ed. (1911). "
2008:
2006:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1955:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1918:
1916:
1897:
1893:
1888:: 38–46, March.
1882:Economic Trends
1874:
1870:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1843:
1838:
1834:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1804:
1799:
1736:
1722:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1684:
1680:
1672:
1641:
1636:
1601:
1490:
1487:
1421:
1385:
1383:Fox's Libel Act
1377:Prince of Wales
1353:King George III
1349:
1341:Berkeley Square
1326:Viscount Bayham
1310:East India Bill
1285:
1252:
1236:Roman Catholics
1162:
1142:in the case of
1100:
1098:Into opposition
1095:
1087:King George III
1060:
1035:Duke of Grafton
1030:Declaratory Act
1021:imposed at the
1003:
959:
907:
905:Lord Chancellor
891:Declaratory Act
883:Lord Rockingham
871:
815:general warrant
781:Joshua Reynolds
773:
730:Florence Hensey
592:Prince of Wales
585:Leicester House
573:
553:question of law
525:seditious libel
491:
467:civil liberties
423:
351:civil liberties
294:
274:
268:
266:
241:
229:
217:
201:
196:
184:
172:
164:
156:
140:
135:
116:
104:
96:
88:
72:
67:
51:
49:Nathaniel Dance
36:
31:
30:The Earl Camden
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3172:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3064:
3063:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2976:
2974:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2956:
2954:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2639:
2637:
2626:
2624:United Kingdom
2612:
2611:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2577:In Commission
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2483:
2481:
2470:
2456:
2455:
2453:(1707–present)
2440:
2439:
2432:
2425:
2417:
2409:
2408:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2389:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2358:
2349:
2346:The Earl Gower
2344:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2331:
2322:
2317:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2304:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2275:
2272:
2263:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2245:
2236:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2225:Legal offices
2222:
2221:
2212:
2209:
2186:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2164:
2163:
2152:
2128:
2097:
2078:
2055:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2021:Chisholm, Hugh
2002:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1974:
1967:
1949:
1935:
1926:
1891:
1868:
1853:
1841:
1832:
1814:
1802:
1734:
1713:
1678:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1622:
1610:
1600:
1597:
1545:North Carolina
1537:South Carolina
1485:
1420:
1417:
1393:Libel Act 1792
1389:second reading
1384:
1381:
1348:
1345:
1330:courtesy title
1284:
1281:
1251:
1248:
1161:
1158:
1136:King George II
1116:Lord Mansfield
1109:Lord Shelburne
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1059:
1058:John Wilkes MP
1056:
1002:
999:
958:
955:
928:City of London
924:Lord Mansfield
906:
903:
887:Stamp Act 1765
879:House of Lords
870:
867:
842:City of London
772:
769:
746:John Shebbeare
715:House of Lords
666:British Empire
630:Lord Hardwicke
596:Prime Minister
572:
569:
565:King's Counsel
490:
487:
447:Richard Wilson
422:
419:
384:Pitt the Elder
315:
314:
311:
310:
305:
299:
298:
297:(aged 80)
291:
287:
286:
263:
259:
258:
254:
253:
250:
249:
244:
238:
237:
235:The Earl Gower
232:
226:
225:
220:
218:Prime Minister
214:
213:
208:
204:
203:
193:
192:
187:
181:
180:
175:
169:
168:
159:
157:Prime Minister
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
132:
131:
125:
124:
119:
113:
112:
107:
101:
100:
91:
89:Prime Minister
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
64:
63:
57:
56:
53:
52:
46:
38:
37:
32:
29:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3171:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3061:
3056:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
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2690:
2689:
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2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2613:
2608:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2567:in commission
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:in commission
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2532:in commission
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2512:in commission
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2492:in commission
2490:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2468:Great Britain
2457:
2452:
2447:
2438:
2433:
2431:
2426:
2424:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2395:
2386:
2385:
2379:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2341:
2337:
2328:
2327:
2320:
2314:
2310:
2309:Charles Yorke
2301:
2300:
2293:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2269:
2268:
2261:
2255:
2251:
2250:Charles Yorke
2242:
2241:
2234:
2233:Robert Henley
2228:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2160:
2159:
2153:
2149:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2106:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2016:public domain
2005:
2004:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1968:0-421-05060-8
1964:
1960:
1953:
1945:
1939:
1930:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1895:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1851:Towers (1764)
1848:
1846:
1836:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1809:
1807:
1800:Thomas (2008)
1797:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
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1743:
1741:
1739:
1730:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1702:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1675:
1674:Chisholm 1911
1670:
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242:Succeeded by
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3084:1794 deaths
3079:1714 births
2920:Q. Hailsham
2915:Elwyn-Jones
2910:Q. Hailsham
2865:D. Hailsham
2855:D. Hailsham
2730:St Leonards
2537:Northington
2384:Earl Camden
2260:John Willes
2218:James Hayes
2179:James Hayes
2087:Lee, Sidney
1933:Rose (1988)
1812:Rigg (1896)
1706:15 February
1575:, Alabama.
1514:Camden Town
1318:Earl Camden
1067:John Wilkes
849:John Entick
807:John Wilkes
658:sovereignty
545:William Lee
411:Camden Town
388:John Wilkes
347:Earl Camden
230:Preceded by
173:Preceded by
105:Preceded by
3073:Categories
2835:Birkenhead
2825:Buckmaster
2760:Chelmsford
2740:Chelmsford
2579:James Eyre
2407:1765–1794
2388:1786–1794
2357:1784–1794
2330:1782–1783
2303:1766–1770
2271:1762–1766
2244:1757–1762
2044:— (1851b)
1860:(1758) 19
1634:References
1617:(1765) 19
1557:New Jersey
1553:New Jersey
1488:Holdsworth
1244:Protestant
1220:Quebec Act
1210:observed:
1197:John Locke
1182:patriotism
1128:defamatory
1104:Lord North
1048:Lord North
967:starvation
935:dissenters
930:could not
793:knighthood
689:Parliament
519:which the
495:common law
435:John Pratt
427:Kensington
421:Early life
343:politician
303:Alma mater
276:Kensington
269:1714-03-21
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150:George III
82:George III
3010:Lidington
2953:2003–2007
2875:Caldecote
2805:Herschell
2795:Herschell
2770:Hatherley
2755:Cranworth
2735:Cranworth
2704:Cottenham
2699:Lyndhurst
2694:Cottenham
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2663:Lyndhurst
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1413:Law Lords
1401:intention
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1303:patronage
1074:Middlesex
1042:measures.
971:prorogued
947:sentences
685:Wiltshire
650:the Crown
615:coalition
604:judgeship
561:acquitted
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137:In office
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2995:Grayling
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2960:Falconer
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2775:Selborne
2750:Westbury
2745:Campbell
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2711:Langdale
2684:Shadwell
2668:Brougham
2557:Bathurst
2497:Harcourt
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1561:Missouri
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863:statute
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765:society
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