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in France. It is one of the best-known châteaux of the Loire Valley. The estate of
Chenonceau is first mentioned in writing in the 11th century. The current château was built in 1514–1522 on the foundations of an old mill and was later extended to span the river. The bridge over the river was built
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region of France. When the château was built, Versailles was a country village; today, however, it is a wealthy suburb of Paris, some 20 kilometres (12 miles) southwest of the French capital. The court of
Versailles was the centre of political power in France from 1682, when
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and his royal successors. The quality of the residences could vary considerably, from grand châteaux owned by royalty and the wealthy elite near larger towns to run-down châteaux vacated by poor nobility and officials in the countryside, isolated and vulnerable.
154:, is so-called because it was located in the countryside when it was built, but it does not bear any resemblance to a castle, so it is usually known in English as the Palace of Versailles. When clarification is needed in French, the term
433:
are aristocratic in implication, but
Bordeaux had a better claim to the association: nobles had owned Bordeaux's best vineyards for centuries. Most of Burgundy's best vineyards, in contrast, had been owned by the Church. The term
171:
in French, which is usually applied only to very grand residences in a city. This usage is again different from that of the term "palace" in
English, where there is no requirement that a palace must be in a city, but the word
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that, with some official rank, locally represents the royal authority; thus, the word château often refers to the dwelling of a member of either the French nobility or royalty. However, some fine châteaux, such as
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961:
134:
denotes buildings as diverse as a medieval fortress, a
Renaissance palace and a fine 19th-century country house. Care should therefore be taken when translating the French word
967:
317:(the latter originally suburban) were originally referred to as châteaux, but became "palaces" when the city enclosed them. In other French-speaking European regions, such as
503:
is now protected by French law, and confirmed in 1981 by
European Union law, as "traditional appellation". The term Château may be used only if two conditions are fulfilled:
947:
360:, the word château is used with its original definition. In Canada, especially in English, château usually denotes a hotel, not a house, and applies only to the country's
146:" rather than "castles", and for these, the word "château" is appropriate in English. Sometimes the word "palace" is more appropriate. To give an outstanding example, the
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1356:"Commission Regulation (EEC) No 997/81 of 26 March 1981 laying down detailed rules for the description and presentation of wines and grape musts, Article 5"
543:. They were built between the 10th and 20th centuries, firstly by the French kings followed soon thereafter by the nobility; hence, the Valley is termed "
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1359:
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The word château is a French word that has entered the
English language, where its meaning is more specific than it is in French. The French word
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since the 19th century, no matter how humble, to prefix its name with "Château". This term became the default way of designating an estate in
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is used with the same definition as in France. In
Belgium, a strong French architectural influence is evident in the seventeenth-century
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551:". The châteaux range from the very large (often now in public hands) to more 'human-scale' châteaux such as the Château de Beaulieu in
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may be any stately residence built in a French style; the term is additionally often used for a winegrower's estate, especially in the
198:" that are the British Isles' architectural counterparts to French châteaux. It is the personal (and usually hereditary) badge of a
547:". Alternatively, due to its moderate climate, wine-growing soils and rich agricultural land, the Loire Valley is referred to as "
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that rendered the society of the château largely self-sufficient, in the manner of the historic Roman and early medieval
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or a keeper's lodge, and supporting outbuildings (stables, kitchens, breweries, bakeries, manservant quarters in the
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château of manageable size. Protected behind fine wrought iron double gates, the main block and its outbuildings (
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284:"châteaux". In modern usage, a château retains some enclosures that are distant descendants of these fortifying
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became a permanent verbal fixture in
Bordeaux, and it was emulated in other French regions and outside France.
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The wine concerned have to be made exclusively from grapes harvested from wine belonging to that vineyard,
306:("court"), and inside, in the private residence, the château faces a simply and discreetly enclosed park.
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1425:(in French). Editions de la Caisse nationale des monuments historiques et des sites. 1983. p. 111.
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777:. Louis Le Vau as well as Charles Le Brun were later called by Louis XIV to work at Versailles.
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into
English, noting the nature of the building in question. Most French châteaux are "
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in France. Montsoreau was built in 1453 by Jean II de Chambes (first counsellor of
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began to be walled-in, and then fortified in the 3rd century AD, thus evolving to
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is rarely used for buildings other than the grandest royal residences. The term
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was forced to return to the capital in October 1789 after the beginning of the
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Frommer's Far & Wide: A Weekly Guide to Canada's Best Travel Experiences
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389:
261:
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Hempstead, Andrew; Cuthbert, Pamela; Aykroyd, Lucas (12 November 2013).
1320:
Wine: A social and cultural history of the drink that changed our lives
614:, and the gallery on the bridge, built from 1570 to 1576 to designs by
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is a French château spanning the river Cher, near the small village of
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97:, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions.
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made the château de Montsoreau world famous with his trilogy on the
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from 1556 to 1559 to designs by the French Renaissance architect
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356:, in the rich, rural "Château Country" centred upon the powerful
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is used in French for an urban "private house" of a grand sort.
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Jordi, Nathalie; Sommer, Lauren; Sussman, Anna (5 June 2007).
750:
689:
364:, built during the Canadian railroad golden age, such as the
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302:(court of honour) entrance, the château might have an inner
1125:
Space, Time and Architecture: The Growth of a New Tradition
664:. Behind, the central axis is extended between the former
405:
There are many estates with true châteaux on them in the
352:, large manor homes were called "cottages", but north of
1277:
1203:
The Contending Kingdoms: France and England, 1420-1700
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is used to describe a fortified castle, such as the
692:riverbed. It is also one of the first example of a
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288:: a fenced, gated, closeable forecourt, perhaps a
773:. The interior was lavishly decorated by painter
1588:
1441:
1491:. Société Française d'Archéologie. p. 255.
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510:The wine-making process was carried out there.
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1384:France: Be Fluent in French Life and Culture
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248:A château was historically supported by its
1534:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 271.
1154:
268:). The open villas of Rome in the times of
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1199:
1161:Anderson, James Maxwell (1 January 2007).
1115:
1082:
539:(Vallée de la Loire) is home to more than
1380:
1167:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 2.
1128:. Harvard University Press. p. 134.
1454:. Antique Collectors Club. p. 114.
1160:
1033:List of châteaux in Languedoc-Roussillon
780:
724:
675:
625:
579:
575:
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165:The urban counterpart of a château is a
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1206:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 64.
1164:Daily Life During the French Revolution
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757:département of France. It was built by
753:, 55 km southeast of Paris in the
745:is a baroque French château located in
14:
1589:
1527:
1486:
1451:Gardens of Europe: A Traveller's Guide
1284:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 149.
1245:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 146.
1089:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 112.
1548:from the original on 29 November 2023
1468:from the original on 24 December 2023
1429:from the original on 29 November 2023
1401:from the original on 29 November 2023
1362:from the original on 28 December 2023
1298:from the original on 29 November 2023
1259:from the original on 29 November 2023
1220:from the original on 29 November 2023
1181:from the original on 29 November 2023
1142:from the original on 29 November 2023
1103:from the original on 29 November 2023
244:, subsequently copied all over Europe
207:, were built by the essentially high-
190:A château is a "power house", as Sir
64:
1582:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1911.
1387:. Thorogood Publishing. p. 25.
1200:Richardson, Glenn (1 January 2008).
1509:from the original on 11 August 2017
688:to have been built directly in the
24:
1505:(in French). dumaspere.com. 1998.
1083:Applefield, David (6 April 2010).
400:
396:French châteaux—particular regions
25:
1618:
1564:
1064:from the original on 4 March 2016
571:French châteaux—selected examples
1002:
988:
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622:Château de Dampierre-en-Yvelines
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1489:Congrès Archéologique de France
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1413:
1038:Château de Challain-la-Potherie
514:
344:took root selectively – in the
340:In the United States, the word
1448:Quest-Ritson, Charles (2007).
1348:
1310:
563:which were built of the local
409:, but it is customary for any
194:dubbed the British and Irish "
13:
1:
1086:The Unofficial Guide to Paris
1043:
362:most elaborate railway hotels
331:Château des Comtes de Marchin
160:Château fort de Roquetaillade
125:Château fort de Roquetaillade
115:
85:, or a fine country house of
27:French term for a manor house
954:Château du Champ-de-Bataille
806:moved from Paris, until the
700:and ambassador of France to
521:Châteaux of the Loire Valley
7:
1016:
686:Château of the Loire Valley
333:and the eighteenth-century
10:
1623:
1381:Whittaker, Andrew (2008).
1323:. Infinite Ideas Limited.
1122:Giedion, Sigfried (1982).
827:
737:Château de Vaux-le-Vicomte
518:
309:In the city of Paris, the
185:
36:
29:
1528:Hanser, David A. (2006).
1487:Litoux, Emmanuel (2003).
1028:List of castles in France
765:, Marquis de Belle-Isle (
384:, and most famously, the
1342:28 December 2023 at the
898:Château d'Azay-le-Rideau
793:, is a royal château in
694:renaissance architecture
499:The winery denomination
150:, also called in French
37:Not to be confused with
32:Château (disambiguation)
1579:Encyclopædia Britannica
968:Château de Champlâtreux
912:Château d'Ancy-le-Franc
714:French Wars of Religion
545:The Valley of the Kings
417:, in the same way that
152:le palais de Versailles
1531:Architecture of France
1503:"La Dame de Monsoreau"
761:from 1658 to 1661 for
733:
722:is the second volume.
638:Jules Hardouin-Mansart
633:
587:
532:
245:
127:
81:, or residence of the
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1317:Rod Phillips (2018).
842:Château de Montsoreau
791:Château de Versailles
781:Château de Versailles
728:
719:the lady of Monsoreau
698:Charles VII of France
682:Château de Montsoreau
676:Château de Montsoreau
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592:Château de Chenonceau
585:Château de Chenonceau
583:
576:Château de Chenonceau
528:
411:wine-producing estate
407:Bordeaux wine regions
350:Newport, Rhode Island
252:(lands), composing a
242:Château de Versailles
230:
211:—people but recently
148:Château de Versailles
123:
62:French pronunciation:
51:Château de Versailles
49:
1010:Château de Ferrières
940:Château de Hautefort
787:Palace of Versailles
650:Château de Dampierre
640:, 1675–1683 for the
631:Château de Dampierre
549:The Garden of France
493:Château Cheval-Blanc
370:Lake Louise, Alberta
354:Wilmington, Delaware
313:(fortified) and the
30:For other uses, see
996:Château de Trévarez
856:Château de Chambord
648:'s son-in-law, the
612:Philibert de l'Orme
366:Château Lake Louise
1602:Châteaux in France
884:Château de Brissac
734:
634:
588:
533:
465:Château Haut-Brion
382:Montebello, Quebec
378:Château Montebello
335:Château de Seneffe
246:
128:
93:, with or without
54:
1541:978-0-313-31902-0
1461:978-1-870673-55-6
1394:978-1-85418-493-1
1335:, pages 148-152,
1330:978-1-910902-48-6
1291:978-1-118-10169-8
1252:978-0-7645-8770-2
1213:978-0-7546-5789-7
1174:978-0-313-33683-6
1135:978-0-674-83040-0
1096:978-0-470-63725-8
870:Château de Saumur
816:absolute monarchy
812:French Revolution
386:Château Frontenac
315:Luxembourg Palace
219:and ministers of
179:hôtel particulier
83:lord of the manor
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1044:References
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