Anton Chekhov - Knowledge

329: 1210: 338: 1106: 4655: 546:, and a physically abusive father. Pavel Chekhov has been seen by some historians as the model for his son's many portraits of hypocrisy. Chekhov's paternal grandmother was Ukrainian, and according to Chekhov, the Ukrainian language was spoken in his household. Chekhov's mother, Yevgeniya (Morozova), was an excellent storyteller who entertained the children with tales of her travels all over Russia with her cloth-merchant father. "Our talents we got from our father," Chekhov remembered, "but our soul from our mother." 1801: 1415: 5421: 59: 484: 10316: 6484: 1137:. Neither expects anything lasting from the encounter. Unexpectedly though, they gradually fall deeply in love and end up risking scandal and the security of their family lives. The story masterfully captures their feelings for each other, the inner transformation undergone by the disillusioned male protagonist as a result of falling deeply in love, and their inability to resolve the matter by either letting go of their families or of each other. 1034: 476: 503: 461: 5278: 495: 5440: 737: 842: 833:, finished that September, about a man who confronts the end of a life that he realises has been without purpose. Mikhail Chekhov recorded his brother's depression and restlessness after Nikolai's death. Mikhail was researching prisons at that time as part of his law studies. Anton Chekhov, in a search for purpose in his own life, himself soon became obsessed with the issue of prison reform. 947: 967:

example, he witnessed at first hand the peasants' unhealthy and cramped living conditions, which he recalled in his short story "Peasants". Chekhov visited the upper classes as well, recording in his notebook: "Aristocrats? The same ugly bodies and physical uncleanliness, the same toothless old age and disgusting death, as with market-women." In 1893/1894 he worked as a

1815: 4169:"It was Chekhov who first deliberately wrote dialogue in which the mainstream of emotional action ran underneath the surface. It was he who articulated the notion that human beings hardly ever speak in explicit terms among each other about their deepest emotions, that the great, tragic, climactic moments are often happening beneath outwardly trivial conversation." 797:(written in 1903) served as a revolutionary backbone to what is common sense to the medium of acting to this day: an effort to recreate and express the realism of how people truly act and speak with each other. This realistic manifestation of the human condition may engender in audiences reflection upon what it means to be human. 1181:, and ordered champagne. Anton took a full glass, examined it, smiled at me and said: 'It's a long time since I drank champagne.' He drained it and lay quietly on his left side, and I just had time to run to him and lean across the bed and call to him, but he had stopped breathing and was sleeping peacefully as a child ... 443:. These four works present a challenge to the acting ensemble as well as to audiences, because in place of conventional action Chekhov offers a "theatre of mood" and a "submerged life in the text." The plays that Chekhov wrote were not complex, but easy to follow, and created a somewhat haunting atmosphere for the audience. 1516:, we can scarcely go wrong, but where the tune is unfamiliar and the end a note of interrogation or merely the information that they went on talking, as it is in Tchekov, we need a very daring and alert sense of literature to make us hear the tune, and in particular those last notes which complete the harmony. 1511:

But is it the end, we ask? We have rather the feeling that we have overrun our signals; or it is as if a tune had stopped short without the expected chords to close it. These stories are inconclusive, we say, and proceed to frame a criticism based upon the assumption that stories ought to conclude in

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By all means I will be married if you wish it. But on these conditions: everything must be as it has been hitherto—that is, she must live in Moscow while I live in the country, and I will come and see her.... I promise to be an excellent husband, but give me a wife who, like the moon, won't appear in

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steamer going to Sakhalin, there was a convict who had murdered his wife and wore fetters on his legs. His daughter, a little girl of six, was with him. I noticed wherever the convict moved the little girl scrambled after him, holding on to his fetters. At night the child slept with the convicts and

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in Germany, from where he wrote outwardly jovial letters to his sister Masha, describing the food and surroundings, and assuring her and his mother that he was getting better. In his last letter, he complained about the way German women dressed. Chekhov died on 15 July 1904 at the age of 44 after a

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in a lodge he had built in the orchard at Melikhovo. In the two years since he had moved to the estate, he had refurbished the house, taken up agriculture and horticulture, tended the orchard and the pond, and planted many trees, which, according to Mikhail, he "looked after ... as though they

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Chekhov's expenditure on drugs was considerable, but the greatest cost was making journeys of several hours to visit the sick, which reduced his time for writing. However, Chekhov's work as a doctor enriched his writing by bringing him into intimate contact with all sections of Russian society: for

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Chekhov replied that the letter had struck him "like a thunderbolt" and confessed, "I have written my stories the way reporters write up their notes about fires—mechanically, half-consciously, caring nothing about either the reader or myself." The admission may have done Chekhov a disservice, since

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Chekhov's stories are as wonderful (and necessary) now as when they first appeared. It is not only the immense number of stories he wrote—for few, if any, writers have ever done more—it is the awesome frequency with which he produced masterpieces, stories that shrive us as well as delight and move

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has offered evidence, based on the couple's letters, that conception occurred when Chekhov and Olga were apart, although other Russian scholars have rejected that claim. The literary legacy of this long-distance marriage is a correspondence that preserves gems of theatre history, including shared

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From the first day that Chekhov moved to Melikhovo, the sick began flocking to him from twenty miles around. They came on foot or were brought in carts, and often he was fetched to patients at a distance. Sometimes from early in the morning peasant women and children were standing before his door

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journey across the steppe through the eyes of a young boy sent to live away from home, and his companions, a priest and a merchant. "The Steppe" has been called a "dictionary of Chekhov's poetics", and it represented a significant advance for Chekhov, exhibiting much of the quality of his mature

1069:" for Moscow or travels abroad. He vowed to move to Taganrog as soon as a water supply was installed there. In Yalta he completed two more plays for the Art Theatre, composing with greater difficulty than in the days when he "wrote serenely, the way I eat pancakes now". He took a year each over 557:

and lying that ruined your mother's youth. Despotism and lying so mutilated our childhood that it's sickening and frightening to think about it. Remember the horror and disgust we felt in those times when Father threw a tantrum at dinner over too much salt in the soup and called Mother a fool."

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Chekhov at first wrote stories to earn money, but as his artistic ambition grew, he made formal innovations that influenced the evolution of the modern short story. He made no apologies for the difficulties this posed to readers, insisting that the role of an artist was to ask questions, not to

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For Rozanov, Chekhov represents a concluding stage of classical Russian literature at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, caused by the fading of the thousand-year-old Christian tradition that had sustained much of this literature. On the one hand, Rozanov regards Chekhov's positivism and

638:, which his brother Alexander dismissed as "an inexcusable though innocent fabrication." Chekhov also experienced a series of love affairs, one with the wife of a teacher. In 1879, Chekhov completed his schooling and joined his family in Moscow, having gained admission to the medical school at 3787:

When Vladimir finished reading this story, he was seized with such a horror that he could not bear to stay in his room. He went out to find someone to talk to, but it was late: they had all gone to bed. 'I absolutely had the feeling,' he told his sister next day,'that I was shut up in Ward 6

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Chekhov then assumed responsibility for the whole family. To support them and to pay his tuition fees, he wrote daily short, humorous sketches and vignettes of contemporary Russian life, many under pseudonyms such as "Antosha Chekhonte" (Антоша Чехонте) and "Man Without Spleen" (Человек без

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Another insight into Chekhov's childhood came in a letter to his publisher and friend Alexei Suvorin: "From my childhood I have believed in progress, and I could not help believing in it since the difference between the time when I used to be thrashed and when they gave up thrashing me was

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Michael Goldman has said of the elusive quality of Chekhov's comedies: "Having learned that Chekhov is comic ... Chekhov is comic in a very special, paradoxical way. His plays depend, as comedy does, on the vitality of the actors to make pleasurable what would otherwise be painfully

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that he thought people might go on reading his writings for seven years. "Why seven?", asked Bunin. "Well, seven and a half", Chekhov replied. "That's not bad. I've got six years to live." Chekhov's posthumous reputation greatly exceeded his expectations. The ovations for the play

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early manuscripts reveal that he often wrote with extreme care, continually revising. Grigorovich's advice nevertheless inspired a more serious, artistic ambition in the twenty-six-year-old. In 1888, with a little string-pulling by Grigorovich, the short story collection

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One can argue Anton Chekhov is the second-most popular writer on the planet. Only Shakespeare outranks Chekhov in terms of movie adaptations of their work, according to the movie database IMDb. ... We generally know less about Chekhov than we know about mysterious

1489:" "one of the greatest stories ever written" in its depiction of a problematic relationship, and described Chekhov as writing "the way one person relates to another the most important things in his life, slowly and yet without a break, in a slightly subdued voice". 2291:"You are right in demanding that an artist should take an intelligent attitude to his work, but you confuse two things: solving a problem and stating a problem correctly. It is only the second that is obligatory for the artist." Letter to Suvorin, 27 October 1888. 1029:

In March 1897, Chekhov suffered a major haemorrhage of the lungs while on a visit to Moscow. With great difficulty he was persuaded to enter a clinic, where doctors diagnosed tuberculosis on the upper part of his lungs and ordered a change in his manner of life.

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in 1898. Stanislavski's attention to psychological realism and ensemble playing coaxed the buried subtleties from the text, and restored Chekhov's interest in playwriting. The Art Theatre commissioned more plays from Chekhov and the following year staged

1541:: "Chekhov often expressed his thought not in speeches", wrote Stanislavski, "but in pauses or between the lines or in replies consisting of a single word ... the characters often feel and think things not expressed in the lines they speak." The 1475:"A Fantasia in the Russian Manner on English Themes", and pointed out similarities between the predicament of the British landed class and that of their Russian counterparts as depicted by Chekhov: "the same nice people, the same utter futility". 679:

to his family or his friends. He confessed to Leykin, "I am afraid to submit myself to be sounded by my colleagues." He continued writing for weekly periodicals, earning enough money to move the family into progressively better accommodations.

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Remove everything that has no relevance to the story. If you say in the first chapter that there is a rifle hanging on the wall, in the second or third chapter it absolutely must go off. If it's not going to be fired, it shouldn't be hanging

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When my brothers and I used to stand in the middle of the church and sing the trio "May my prayer be exalted", or "The Archangel's Voice", everyone looked at us with emotion and envied our parents, but we at that moment felt like little

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of women. He wrote, "There were times I felt that I saw before me the extreme limits of man's degradation." He was particularly moved by the plight of the children living in the penal colony with their parents. For example:

396:; 29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer. His career as a playwright produced four classics, and his best short stories are held in high esteem by writers and critics. Along with 1628:. Critics have noted similarities in how Chekhov and Shimizu use a mixture of light humour as well as an intense depictions of longing. Sakate adapted several of Chekhov's plays and transformed them in the general style of 1153:. Mikhail Chekhov recalled that "everyone who saw him secretly thought the end was not far off, but the nearer was to the end, the less he seemed to realise it". On 3 June, he set off with Olga for the German spa town of 1411:, but it was later incorporated into the Soviet canon. The character of Lopakhin, for example, was reinvented as a hero of the new order, rising from a modest background so as eventually to possess the gentry's estates. 1407:, who lived in England, explained Chekhov's popularity in that country by his "unusually complete rejection of what we may call the heroic values". In Russia itself, Chekhov's drama fell out of fashion after the 3904:"The plays lack the seamless authority of the fiction: there are great characters, wonderful scenes, tremendous passages, moments of acute melancholy and sagacity, but the parts appear greater than the whole." 1512:

a way that we recognise. In so doing we raise the question of our own fitness as readers. Where the tune is familiar and the end emphatic—lovers united, villains discomfited, intrigues exposed—as it is in most

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Tomsk is a very dull town. To judge from the drunkards whose acquaintance I have made, and from the intellectual people who have come to the hotel to pay their respects to me, the inhabitants are very dull,

1236:, who outlived him by six years. Tolstoy was an early admirer of Chekhov's short stories and had a series that he deemed "first quality" and "second quality" bound into a book. In the first category were: 1360:

Chekhov's work also found praise from several of Russia's most influential radical political thinkers. If anyone doubted the gloom and miserable poverty of Russia in the 1880s, the anarchist theorist

1133:" (also translated from the Russian as "Lady with Lapdog"), which depicts what at first seems a casual liaison between a cynical married man and an unhappy married woman who meet while holidaying in 904:", the last section of which is set on Sakhalin, where the murderer Yakov loads coal in the night while longing for home. Chekhov's writing on Sakhalin, especially the traditions and habits of the 603:

Chekhov was left behind to sell the family's possessions and finish his education. He remained in Taganrog for three more years, boarding with a man by the name of Selivanov who, like Lopakhin in

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Chekhov's family and friends in 1890: (top row, left to right) Ivan, Alexander, father; (second row) Mariya Korniyeeva, Lika Mizinova, Masha, Mother, Seryozha Kiselev; (bottom row) Misha, Anton

5266: 2815:"'The Steppe,' as Michael Finke suggests, is 'a sort of dictionary of Chekhov's poetics,' a kind of sample case of the concealed literary weapons Chekhov would deploy in his work to come." 1485:

criticised Chekhov's "medley of dreadful prosaisms, ready-made epithets, repetitions". But he also declared "yet it is his works which I would take on a trip to another planet" and called "

938:(1907). In 2013, the Wellcome Trust-funded play 'A Russian Doctor', performed by Andrew Dawson and researched by Professor Jonathan Cole, explored Chekhov's experiences on Sakhalin Island. 3274:

While Anton did not turn into the kind of militant atheist that his older brother Alexander eventually became, there is no doubt that he was a non-believer in the last decades of his life.

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The letter proved prophetic of Chekhov's marital arrangements with Olga: he lived largely at Yalta, she in Moscow, pursuing her acting career. In 1902, Olga suffered a miscarriage; and

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Chekhov later concluded that charity was not the answer, but that the government had a duty to finance humane treatment of the convicts. His findings were published in 1893 and 1894 as

1096:. Up to that point, Chekhov, known as "Russia's most elusive literary bachelor", had preferred passing liaisons and visits to brothels over commitment. He had once written to Suvorin: 1000:

in St. Petersburg on 17 October 1896, was a fiasco, as the play was booed by the audience, stinging Chekhov into renouncing the theatre. But the play so impressed the theatre director

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talent, a talent that places you in the front rank among writers in the new generation." He went on to advise Chekhov to slow down, write less, and concentrate on literary quality.

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Chekhov's death has become one of "the great set pieces of literary history"—retold, embroidered, and fictionalized many times since, notably in the 1987 short story "Errand" by

3011: 2137: 3369:"I have a horror of weddings, the congratulations and the champagne, standing around, glass in hand with an endless grin on your face." Letter to Olga Knipper, 19 April 1901. 1999: 3302:

According to Leonid Grossman, 'In his revelation of those evangelical elements, the atheist Chekhov is unquestionably one of the most Christian poets of world literature.'

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said "Chekhov's characters were repugnant, and that Chekhov revelled in stripping the last rags of dignity from the human soul". After his death, Chekhov was reappraised.

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In 1876, Chekhov's father was declared bankrupt after overextending his finances building a new house, having been cheated by a contractor named Mironov. To avoid

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In 1884, Chekhov qualified as a physician, which he considered his principal profession though he made little money from it and treated the poor free of charge.

10404: 607:, had bailed out the family for the price of their house. Chekhov had to pay for his own education, which he managed by private tutoring, catching and selling 2787:"There is a scent of the steppe and one hears the birds sing. I see my old friends the ravens flying over the steppe." Letter to sister Masha, 2 April 1887. 4085:"For the first time in literature the fluidity and randomness of life was made the form of the fiction. Before Chekhov, the event-plot drove all fictions." 3130:

From the biographical sketch, adapted from a memoir by Chekhov's brother Mikhail, which prefaces Constance Garnett's translation of Chekhov's letters, 1920.

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thought "the effect on the reader of Chekhov's tales was repulsion at the gallery of human waste represented by his fickle, spineless, drifting people" and

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From the biographical sketch, adapted from a memoir by Chekhov's brother Mihail, which prefaces Constance Garnett's translation of Chekhov's letters, 1920.

328: 1376:"made him a revolutionary". Upon finishing the story, Lenin is said to have remarked: "I absolutely had the feeling that I was shut up in Ward 6 myself!" 800:

This philosophy of approaching the art of acting has stood not only steadfast, but as the cornerstone of acting for much of the 20th century to this day.

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a key moment in his brother's intellectual development and literary career. From this period comes an observation of Chekhov's that has become known as

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in the year of his death served to demonstrate the Russian public's acclaim for the writer, which placed him second in literary celebrity only to

10444: 2346: 1595:, would also contribute heavily to modern theatre, particularly through his unique acting methods which developed Stanislavski's ideas further. 10494: 10374: 600:, were attending university. The family lived in poverty in Moscow. Chekhov's mother was physically and emotionally broken by the experience. 10414: 3188:

Chekhov and the Art Theatre, in Stanislavski's words, were united in a common desire "to achieve artistic simplicity and truth on the stage."

1525:, stumbles, childishness—but as part of a deeper pathos; the stumbles are not pratfalls but an energized, graceful dissolution of purpose." 814:, a dramatic principle that requires that every element in a narrative be necessary and irreplaceable, and that everything else be removed. 579:

monastery in Taganrog and in his father's choirs. In a letter of 1892, he used the word "suffering" to describe his childhood and recalled:

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Texts of Chekhov's works in the original Russian, listed in chronological order, and also alphabetically by title. Retrieved June 2013.

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Sekirin, Peter. "Memories of Chekhov: Accounts of the Writer from His Family, Friends and Contemporaries," MacFarland Publishers, 2011,

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in the theatre. Chekhov was a physician by profession. "Medicine is my lawful wife," he once said, "and literature is my mistress."

10394: 10384: 4745:, with story introductions by Pinckney Benedict, Fred Chappell, Christopher Coake, Paul Crenshaw, Dorothy Gambrell, Steven Gillis, 2045: 900:), a work of social science, not literature. Chekhov found literary expression for the "Hell of Sakhalin" in his long short story " 562: 4233:

Lee Strasberg became in my opinion a victim of the traditional idea of Chekhovian theatre ... no room for Chekhov's imagery.

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The International competition of philological, culture and film studies works dedicated to Anton Chekhov's life and creative work

2604:"There is in these miniatures an arresting potion of cruelty ... The wonderfully compassionate Chekhov was yet to mature." 849:

In 1890, Chekhov undertook an arduous journey by train, horse-drawn carriage, and river steamer to the Russian Far East and the

3479:, put this down to Chekhov's mother and sister blaming the miscarriage on Olga's late-night socialising with her actor friends. 3372: 2723:" (Payne, XXXV), was Chekhov's opposite; "Chekhov had to function like Suvorin's kidney, extracting the businessman's poisons." 1899: 1444:, who wrote the short story "Errand" about Chekhov's death, believed that Chekhov was the greatest of all short story writers: 9932: 6788: 6729: 6533: 5237: 5186: 5157: 5138: 5083: 5035: 5005: 4990: 4975: 4945: 4875: 4857: 4824: 4810: 4768: 4754: 4694: 4630: 4600: 4547: 4529: 4503: 4469: 4435: 4405: 4307: 4279: 4254: 4186: 4157: 3994: 3844: 3295: 3267: 3238: 3096:

Gould, Rebecca Ruth (2018). "The aesthetic terrain of settler colonialism: Katherine Mansfield and Anton Chekhov's natives".

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in which he also played a supporting role. His work has also served as inspiration or been referenced in numerous films. In

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In 1887, exhausted from overwork and ill health, Chekhov took a trip to Ukraine, which reawakened him to the beauty of the

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In 1884 and 1885, Chekhov found himself coughing blood, and in 1886 the attacks worsened, but he would not admit his

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Mikhail Chekhov, a member of the household at Melikhovo, described the extent of his brother's medical commitments:

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Chekhov witnessed much on Sakhalin that shocked and angered him, including floggings, embezzlement of supplies, and

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The Literary 100, Revised Edition: A Ranking of the Most Influential Novelists, Playwrights, and Poets of All Time

2198: 10479: 6445: 5755: 5577: 1214: 553:'s treatment of his wife and children by reminding him of Pavel's tyranny: "Let me ask you to recall that it was 4098: 3905: 10504: 10459: 10081: 10074: 9896: 7003: 6995: 5124: 4247:

Memories of Chekhov: Accounts of the Writer from His Family, Friends and Contemporaries. Foreword by Alan Twigg

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called the "event plot" for something more "blurred, interrupted, mauled or otherwise tampered with by life".

6721: 6044: 3888: 3021: 2981: 2439: 2147: 2009: 1864: 1089: 1001: 515: 3928: 575:), where he was held back for a year at fifteen for failing an examination in Ancient Greek. He sang at the 9103: 7217: 6405: 6265: 6149: 5448:, translated by Constance Garnett presented in chronological order of Russian publication with annotations. 1752:

Several of Chekhov's short stories were adapted as episodes of the 1986 Indian anthology television series

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visited him almost every day. Maklakov signed Chekhov's will. By May 1904, Chekhov was terminally ill with

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Anton Chekhov Through the Eyes of Russian Thinkers: Vasilii Rozanov, Dmitrii Merezhkovskii and Lev Shestov

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In the United States, Chekhov's reputation began its rise slightly later, partly through the influence of

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Laurie Lanzen Harris. Detroit: Gale Research, 1990. Literature Resource Center. Web. 3 November 2011.

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In autumn 1887, a theatre manager named Korsh commissioned Chekhov to write a play, the result being

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The Literature 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Novelists, Playwrights, and Poets of All Time

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Before long, Chekhov was attracting literary as well as popular attention. The sixty-four-year-old

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by mistake, to the accompaniment of a military band. Chekhov was buried next to his father at the

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From the biographical sketch, adapted from a memoir by Chekhov's brother Mikhail, which prefaces

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Anton sat up unusually straight and said loudly and clearly (although he knew almost no German):

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From the biographical sketch, adapted from a memoir by Chekhov's brother Mihail, which prefaces

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atheism as his shortcomings, naming them among the reasons for Chekhov's popularity in society.

2208: 2033: 1701: 1678: 6766: 6511: 2104: 989:, as he looked at them he dreamed of what they would be like in three or four hundred years." 337: 10244: 10167: 9464: 8350: 8189: 7610: 7534: 7331: 6630: 6435: 6328: 6314: 6170: 6142: 5783: 5769: 5601: 5343: 4086: 3911: 2068: 1493: 1486: 1437: 1403:, whose story "The Child Who Was Tired" is similar to Chekhov's "Sleepy". The Russian critic 1391:'s translations won him an English-language readership and the admiration of writers such as 1294: 997: 764:). In a narrative that drifts with the thought processes of the characters, Chekhov evokes a 576: 58: 9401: 5091: 3887:"They won't allow a play which is seen to lament the lost estates of the gentry." Letter of 10454: 10409: 10354: 10349: 10301: 10088: 9944: 8797: 7151: 7041: 6911: 6774: 6705: 6648: 6588: 6519: 6461: 6244: 6237: 5972: 5923: 5881: 5839: 5832: 5687: 5641: 5369: 5298: 3945: 2271: 2160: 1729: 1659: 1635: 1513: 1379:

In Chekhov's lifetime, British and Irish critics generally did not find his work pleasing;

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quietly, owing to his horror of weddings. She was a former protégée and sometime lover of

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he could spare to his family in Moscow, along with humorous letters to cheer them up.

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Greenberg, Yael. "The Presentation of the Unconscious in Chekhov's Lady With Lapdog."

975:, which has numerous sanatoriums and rest homes. A local hospital is named after him. 10053: 9956: 9693: 9645: 9617: 9524: 9485: 9450: 9273: 8741: 8713: 8573: 8266: 8182: 8084: 8049: 7816: 7596: 7562: 6468: 6425: 5719: 5407: 5399: 5395: 5233: 5210: 5200: 5182: 5163: 5153: 5134: 5120: 5108: 5098: 5079: 5063: 5053: 5031: 5013: 5001: 4986: 4971: 4951: 4941: 4917: 4907: 4888: 4880: 4871: 4853: 4834: 4820: 4806: 4792: 4774: 4764: 4750: 4723: 4708: 4690: 4660: 4643: 4626: 4622: 4606: 4596: 4592: 4569: 4553: 4543: 4525: 4509: 4499: 4475: 4465: 4453: 4441: 4431: 4423: 4411: 4401: 4362: 4303: 4275: 4250: 4216: 4182: 4153: 4119: 4090: 3990: 3840: 3757: 3577:"Anton Chekhov | Biography, Plays, Short Stories, & Facts | Britannica" 3576: 3455: 3291: 3263: 3234: 3117: 2829: 2411: 2222: 1806: 1769: 1497: 1426: 1388: 593: 572: 550: 511: 487: 401: 274: 177: 9359: 7443: 4791:, ed Savely Senderovich and Munir Sendich, Michigan Russian Language Journal, 1988, 2387: 1049:

After his father's death in 1898, Chekhov bought a plot of land on the outskirts of

1017:, which Chekhov had completed in 1896. In the last decades of his life he became an 10286: 10279: 10018: 9798: 9707: 9700: 9631: 9533: 9443: 9289: 9199: 9091: 8985: 8978: 8811: 8636: 8594: 8413: 8329: 8224: 8133: 7993: 7965: 7580: 7450: 7415: 7408: 7373: 7288: 7181: 7057: 7030: 6623: 6450: 6198: 6135: 5425: 4677:, translated by Michael Henry Heim, engravings by Barry Moser, Shackman Press, 2010 4393: 4354: 4208: 4061: 3974: 3809: 3105: 1820: 1723: 1674: 1664: 1482: 1478: 1471: 810: 769:

fiction and winning him publication in a literary journal rather than a newspaper.

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Clyman, T. W. (Ed.). A Chekhov companion. Westport, Ct: Greenwood Press, (1985).

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Chekhov's body was transported to Moscow in a refrigerated railway-car meant for

1146: 1126:'s directing methods and Chekhov's advice to Olga about performing in his plays. 1118: 909: 856: 756: 597: 314: 289: 284: 8908: 8727: 8503: 8007: 7359: 4763:, translated by Barbara Makanowitzky, W. W. Norton & Company, 2003 edition, 781:

Although Chekhov did not fully realise it at the time, Chekhov's plays, such as

611:, and selling short sketches to the newspapers, among other jobs. He sent every 526:– on Politseyskaya (Police) street, later renamed Chekhova street – in southern 10230: 10160: 10153: 10095: 10039: 10009: 9872: 9784: 9714: 9659: 9638: 9561: 9554: 9547: 9408: 9366: 9352: 9331: 9282: 9027: 9020: 8999: 8992: 8943: 8922: 8915: 8678: 8489: 8482: 8461: 8445: 8378: 8364: 8252: 8091: 8070: 8063: 7986: 7972: 7958: 7840: 7708: 7589: 7569: 7548: 7485: 7345: 7115: 7050: 6390: 6058: 5979: 5846: 5593: 4487: 4199:

Tovstonogov, Georgii (1968). "Chekhov's "Three Sisters" at the Gorky Theatre".

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Chekhov, Anton Pavlovich (1997). Karlinsky, Simon; Heim, Michael Henry (eds.).

2716: 2699: 2690:, pp. 448–450: They only ever fell out once, when Chekhov objected to the 2609: 2100: 1939: 1711: 1689: 1603: 1574: 1550: 1454: 1441: 1396: 1369: 1365: 1177:('I'm dying'). The doctor calmed him, took a syringe, gave him an injection of 1166: 873: 698: 684: 666: 627: 527: 304: 279: 89: 8839: 8496: 8161: 7771: 7652: 5463:

Texts of Chekhov's works in the original Russian. Retrieved 16 February 2007.

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Speirs, L. Tolstoy and Chekhov. Cambridge, England: University Press, (1971),

4557: 4445: 4430:. Translated by Bartlett, Rosamund; Phillips, Anthony. London: Penguin Books. 1621: 10338: 10251: 10216: 10109: 9791: 9735: 9721: 9429: 9324: 9317: 9303: 9013: 8894: 8762: 8657: 8615: 8566: 8399: 8392: 8357: 8322: 8273: 8245: 8168: 7764: 7694: 7666: 7638: 7541: 7457: 7401: 7387: 7366: 7274: 7254: 7172: 7144: 6335: 6230: 6163: 6014: 5561: 5411: 5214: 5167: 4921: 4899: 4838: 4727: 4647: 4610: 4513: 4494:

Dear Writer, Dear Actress: The Love Letters of Olga Knipper and Anton Chekhov

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Anna Obraztsova in "Bernard Shaw's Dialogue with Chekhov", from Miles, 43–44.

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There was certainly tension between the couple after the miscarriage, though

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Stories ... which are among the supreme achievements in prose narrative.

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The death of Chekhov's brother Nikolai from tuberculosis in 1889 influenced

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Early in 1886 he was invited to write for one of the most popular papers in

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Letters of Anton Chekhov to His Family and Friends with Biographical Sketch

4535: 2691: 2249:, p. 87; "Chekhov is said to be the father of the modern short story." 1951: 1838: 1649: 1644: 1404: 1380: 1158: 1150: 1123: 1110: 1085: 676: 542:) and ran a grocery store. He was a director of the parish choir, a devout 397: 251: 8259: 5451: 5112: 5071: 5067: 5017: 4668: 4664: 4397: 3800:

Meister, Charles W. (1953). "Chekhov's Reception in England and America".

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During this time, he read widely and analytically, including the works of

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Dostoevsky in Chekhov's Garden of Eden – 'Because of Little Apples',

4796: 4731: 3148: 3057: 1975: 1763: 1754: 1735: 1654: 1392: 1233: 1193:. Some of the thousands of mourners followed the funeral procession of a 1190: 1154: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1038: 728:"for the best literary production distinguished by high artistic worth." 651:селезенки). His prodigious output gradually earned him a reputation as a 523: 427: 413: 309: 294: 218: 105: 5286:

was created from a revision of this article dated 26 July 2012

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long fight with tuberculosis, the same disease that killed his brother.

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Chekhov has also influenced the work of Japanese playwrights including

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Rosamund, Bartlett (2 February 2010). "The House That Chekhov Built".

1601:, the chief editor and publisher of the Canadian book review magazine 1033: 475: 10237: 10195: 10060: 9770: 8853: 8608: 8475: 8196: 8147: 8112: 7673: 7100: 6415: 6321: 6300: 5460: 1695: 1418: 950: 554: 510:

Anton Chekhov was born into a Russian family on the feast day of St.

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La Luna è morta e lo specchio infranto. Miti letterari del Novecento

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86.1 (1991): 126–130. Academic Search Premier. Web. 3 November 2011.

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us, that lay bare our emotions in ways only true art can accomplish.

8077: 7944: 7302: 7263: 7247: 7233: 7124: 5434: 4895:. About the challenges of combining writing with the medical life. 4274:. Leiden, The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV. pp. 299–311. 3728: 2309:, pp. 3–4: Egor Mikhailovich Chekhov and Efrosinia Emelianovna 1625: 468: 81: 5430: 1440:

asserts that his short stories represent the greater achievement.

1217:, Russia. It is the house where he stayed in Sakhalin during 1890. 1169:. In 1908, Olga wrote this account of her husband's last moments: 655:

chronicler of Russian street life, and by 1882 he was writing for

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Anton Chekhov's Life and Thought: Selected Letters and Commentary

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Virginia Woolf mused on the unique quality of a Chekhov story in

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in the late 19th century. The cross on top is no longer present.

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19th-century dramatists and playwrights from the Russian Empire

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was adapted from the short story "The Wife" by Anton Chekhov.

4498:. Translated by Benedetti, Jean. Hopewell, N.J.: Ecco Press. 4192: 1134: 1050: 1042: 918:. It is also the subject of a poem by the Nobel Prize winner 860: 841: 612: 361: 7069: 4983:

Chekhov's Leading Lady: Portrait of the Actress Olga Knipper

2856: 1667:'s final effort as a film director was a 1970 adaptation of 1643:

Chekhov's works have been adapted for the screen, including

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One of the first non-Russians to praise Chekhov's plays was

7631: 7165: 3207:, pp. 390–391: Rayfield draws from his critical study 3157: 2720: 946: 914: 908:, is the subject of a sustained meditation and analysis in 364: 6699: 3351: 2923: 2426:, p. 102; Letter to brother Alexander, 2 January 1889 2105:"Observer review: The Undiscovered Chekov by Anton Chekov" 1496:, Chekhov's historical accomplishment was to abandon what 1145:

In May 1903, Chekhov visited Moscow; the prominent lawyer

748:. On his return, he began the novella-length short story " 370: 1129:

In Yalta, Chekhov wrote one of his most famous stories, "

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19th-century non-fiction writers from the Russian Empire

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19th-century short story writers from the Russian Empire

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Genius: A Mosaic of One Hundred Exemplary Creative Minds

4343:"Money, Religion, and Symbolic Exchange in Winter Sleep" 4032:"Nabokov and Chekhov: Affinities, parallels, structures" 3753:

In Defence of Wonder and Other Philosophical Reflections

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in 1896, but the play was revived to acclaim in 1898 by

4642:. Translated by Garnett, Constance. Project Gutenberg. 4042:(1 NABOKOV : Autobiography, Biography and Fiction) 3700: 3688: 2999: 2959: 2669: 3583: 3482: 3027: 2947: 2935: 2769: 2586: 2562: 2513: 2511: 2469: 2417: 2015: 2757: 2642: 2550: 2538: 2496: 2369: 2357: 2240: 1221:

A few months before he died, Chekhov told the writer

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Chekhov renounced the theatre after the reception of

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awkward—inappropriate speeches, missed connections,

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A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte

4249:. Jefferson, NC: MacFarland Publishers. p. 1. 4000: 3853: 2508: 2125: 1766:in the 1990s, adapting different works of Chekhov. 640:

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

358: 5197:The Broken Estate: Essays in Literature and Belief 5145: 5090: 5045: 4933: 4595:. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. 4584: 4491: 4457: 4385: 4181:, ed. Bernard. F. Dukore, Penn State Press, 1994, 4116:The Common Reader: First Series, Annotated Edition 3519: 3461: 2987: 2802:Letter to Grigorovich, 12 January 1888. Quoted by 2574: 2093: 4829:Gorky, Maksim, Alexander Kuprin, and I.A. Bunin, 3989:, Ed Larry W. Phillips, Touchstone, (1984) 1999, 2889: 2088:Quite probably. the best short-story writer ever. 983:were his children. Like Colonel Vershinin in his 922:, "Chekhov on Sakhalin" (collected in the volume 506:Young Chekhov (left) with brother Nikolai in 1882 10336: 1938:"Greatest short story writer who ever lived." – 1705:(1986). Plays by Chekhov are also referenced in 1634:. Nagai also adapted Chekhov's plays, including 1065:, Chekhov was always relieved to leave his "hot 10380:20th-century Russian dramatists and playwrights 10365:19th-century physicians from the Russian Empire 4582: 3718: 2841:Letter to brother Alexander, 20 November 1887. 2061: 2051: 697:), owned and edited by the millionaire magnate 5030:, ed. Robert Pack and Jay Parini, UPNE, 1991, 4635: 4137:The Actor's Freedom: Towards a Theory of Drama 3834: 3749: 3285: 3219:—"one of Chekhov's most furtive achievements." 3211:(1995), which anatomised the evolution of the 3133: 3124: 3017: 2977: 2871: 2835: 2822: 2435: 2143: 2005: 1974:"He brought something new into literature." – 1436:Despite Chekhov's reputation as a playwright, 1008:to direct a new production for the innovative 592:he fled to Moscow, where his two eldest sons, 30:"Chekhov" redirects here. For other uses, see 10405:19th-century diarists from the Russian Empire 7085: 6958: 6782: 6685: 6527: 6503: 5494: 3776: 3262:. Northwestern University Press. p. 13. 1962:"Chekhov's art demands a theatre of mood." – 1893: 1528: 549:In adulthood, Chekhov criticised his brother 425:, which subsequently also produced Chekhov's 382: 46: 10007: 9996: 7190: 7179: 7133: 7122: 4376: 4300:Adapting Chekhov: The Text and Its Mutations 4272:Japanese Theatre and the International Stage 3290:. Random House Digital, Inc. pp. xxii. 3228: 3209:Chekhov's "Uncle Vanya" and the "Wood Demon" 3022:TO A. F. KONI. PETERSBURG, January 16, 1891. 2445: 2214: 498:Portrait of young Chekhov in country clothes 7261: 4619:The Undiscovered Chekhov: Fifty New Stories 4293: 4291: 4198: 3935:, 15 July 2004. Retrieved 17 February 2007. 3039: 2715:In many ways, the right-wing Suvorin, whom 2606:"Vodka Miniatures, Belching and Angry Cats" 2523: 2221:Hingley, Ronald Francis (25 January 2022). 2148:Letter to Alexei Suvorin, 11 September 1888 1739:. The 2022 Foreign Language Oscar winner, 1727:(2011). A portion of a stage production of 1569:approach influenced many actors, including 930:has compared Chekhov's book on Sakhalin to 7092: 7078: 6965: 6951: 6789: 6775: 6692: 6678: 6534: 6520: 5501: 5487: 5225:, Claxton House, Inc., New York, NY, 1945. 4995: 4105:, 3 July 2004. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 4023: 3918:, 3 July 2004. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 3881: 3342: 2832:'s translation of Chekhov's letters, 1920. 2781: 2620:, 13 May 2001. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 2414:'s translation of Chekhov's letters, 1920. 2258: 2010:TO G. I. ROSSOLIMO.YALTA, October 11, 1899 1758:. Another Indian television series titled 57: 5152:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4486: 4452: 4422: 4029: 3837:Reading Mansfield and Metaphors of Reform 3606: 3488: 3472: 3378: 3329: 2885: 2883: 2454: 2344: 1364:responded, "read only Chekhov's novels!" 10390:20th-century Russian short story writers 5294:, and does not reflect subsequent edits. 5277: 5097:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 5040: 4785:Chekhov's 'Steppe': A Metapoetic Journey 4288: 3839:. McGill-Queen's Press. pp. 15–17. 3802:American Slavic and East European Review 3727:. The Nineteenth Century. Archived from 3451: 3394: 3204: 3163: 3005: 2965: 2687: 2675: 2592: 2568: 2475: 2460:Letter to I.L. Shcheglov, 9 March 1892. 2306: 2021: 1413: 1372:believed his reading of the short story 1208: 1104: 1092:whom he had first met at rehearsals for 1032: 978:In 1894, Chekhov began writing his play 945: 840: 735: 501: 493: 482: 474: 459: 336: 27:Russian dramatist and author (1860–1904) 10475:Russian male dramatists and playwrights 10450:Philanthropists from the Russian Empire 5195:(2000) . "What Chekhov Meant by Life". 5088: 4940:. New York, NY: Cambridge Univ. Press. 4898: 4848:Gottlieb, Vera, and Paul Allain (eds), 4297: 4244: 3799: 3721:"The Constitutional Movement in Russia" 3706: 3650: 3589: 3468: 3411: 3357: 3257: 3045: 3033: 2953: 2941: 2929: 2816: 2803: 2775: 2751: 2709: 2648: 2556: 2544: 2529:Letter to brother Mihail, 1 July 1876. 2502: 2423: 2375: 2312: 2246: 2220: 2099: 1892:In Chekhov's day, his name was written 1549:, screenwriters, and actors, including 634:, and wrote a full-length comic drama, 14: 10445:People from Yekaterinoslav Governorate 10337: 4163: 3560:Letter to sister Masha, 28 June 1904. 3549:Characters in 20th-Century Literature. 2911: 2880: 2629: 2487:Letter to cousin Mihail, 10 May 1877. 2406: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2396: 1683:, characters discuss his short story " 10495:Russian psychological fiction writers 10375:20th-century deaths from tuberculosis 9933:Six Characters in Search of an Author 7073: 6946: 6770: 6673: 6515: 6502: 5482: 5143: 4928: 4680: 4534: 4383: 4340: 4269: 4179:1922: Shaw and the last Hundred Years 3898: 3871: 3694: 3547:"Overview: 'The Lady with the Dog'." 3189: 3095: 3086:Farrar Straus Giroux: New York, 1985. 2982:(TO HIS SISTER.) TOMSK, May 20 (1890) 2857:Petr Mikhaĭlovich Bit︠s︡illi (1983), 2763: 2719:later called "The running dog of the 2517: 2363: 2204: 2188: 2172: 2131: 391: 143:First Moscow State Medical University 10415:Male writers from the Russian Empire 5383:Works by Anton Chekhov in eBook form 5191: 4996:Power, Arthur; Joyce, James (1974). 4970:, Harvest/HBJ Books, 2002 edition, 4852:, Cambridge University Press, 2000, 4006: 3944: 3859: 3424: 3142: 2993: 2892:Chekhov: The Silent Voice of Freedom 2724: 2660:Letter to N.A.Leykin, 6 April 1886. 2580: 2318: 2067: 1851: 5148:Modern Drama in Theory and Practice 4904:Reading Chekhov, a Critical Journey 4870:, Stanford University Press, 1993, 4689:. New York City: Vintage Classics. 3938: 3750:Raymond Tallis (3 September 2014). 3500: 3169: 3073:. Alfred A. Knopf: New York, 2011. 2859:Chekhov's Art: A Stylistic Analysis 2623: 2598: 2393: 534:and his wife, was from the village 24: 9128:Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 5368:(Tschechow and Women) – Director: 5264: 5232:, vol.1 – G. Laterza, Bari, 2009– 4850:The Cambridge Companion to Chekhov 4819:, Macdonald, (1923) 1974 edition, 4636:Chekhov, Anton Pavlovich (2004) . 4341:Diken, Bülent (1 September 2017). 3954:. Facts On File. pp. 137–139. 3893:The Cambridge Companion to Chekhov 3719:Peter Kropotkin (1 January 1905). 3653:, p. 91; Alexander Kuprin in 3436:Letter to Suvorin, 23 March 1895. 431:and premiered his last two plays, 393:[ɐnˈtonˈpavləvʲɪtɕˈtɕexəf] 25: 10516: 10440:Novelists from the Russian Empire 5546:On the Harmful Effects of Tobacco 5508: 5245: 5012:Republished in 2012 as an ebook: 4175:Text and Subtext in Shavian Drama 4030:Karlinsky, Simon (13 June 2008). 3313:Letter to Suvorin, 1 April 1897. 3288:Selected Stories of Anton Chekhov 2630:Willis, Louis (27 January 2013). 1834:Chekhov Monument in Rostov-on-Don 1745:, is centered on a production of 731: 645: 134:Writer, physician, philanthropist 10315: 10314: 6483: 6482: 5438: 5392:Works by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov 5276: 5199:. New York, NY: Modern Library. 5089:Simmons, Ernest Joseph (1970) . 4653: 4428:Anton Chekhov: A Life in Letters 4334: 4316: 4263: 4238: 4142: 4129: 4108: 4079: 4054: 4012: 3967: 3958: 3921: 3828: 3793: 3770: 3743: 3712: 3662: 3644: 3631: 3615: 3595: 3569: 3554: 3541: 3528: 3513: 3494: 3445: 3430: 3417: 3400: 3388: 2345:Abdulaziz, Sanaa (19 May 2022). 1813: 1799: 1084:On 25 May 1901, Chekhov married 1004:that he convinced his colleague 886:soldiers all in a heap together. 354: 327: 10395:Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery 10385:20th-century Russian physicians 5756:The Death of a Government Clerk 5578:A Tragedian in Spite of Himself 5452:Антон Павлович Чехов. Указатель 5422:Works by or about Anton Chekhov 5415: 5133:, Methuen Drama, 1980 edition, 4906:. London: Granta Publications. 4524:, Methuen Drama, 1989 edition, 4302:. Routledge. pp. 269–270. 4095:Anton Chekhov: A Critical Study 3363: 3322: 3307: 3279: 3251: 3222: 3198: 3182: 3098:Journal of Postcolonial Writing 3089: 3076: 3063: 3051: 2898: 2865: 2850: 2809: 2796: 2730: 2681: 2654: 2481: 2381: 2338: 2324: 2300: 2285: 2264: 2153: 1980: 1968: 1956: 1944: 1900:Антонъ Павловичъ Чеховъ. 1898. 1781: 1733:appears in the 2014 drama film 260: 10500:Tuberculosis deaths in Germany 10430:Moscow State University alumni 10082:Grosvenor School of Modern Art 10075:Fourth dimension in literature 4998:Conversations with James Joyce 4968:Lectures on Russian Literature 4831:Reminiscences of Anton Chekhov 4066:Lectures on Russian Literature 4019:Wikiquote quotes about Chekhov 3656:Reminiscences of Anton Chekhov 3624:Reminiscences of Anton Chekhov 2332:"The Anton Chekhov Foundation" 2027: 1932: 1920: 1908: 1886: 1857: 1721:has a role in the comedy film 1537:of acting, with its notion of 13: 1: 7099: 6870:Moscow Art Theatre production 5170:– via Internet Archive. 4958:– via Internet Archive. 4845:. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 4741:, edited by Okla Elliott and 4734:. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 4715:. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 4613:– via Internet Archive. 4522:Stanislavski: An Introduction 4516:– via Internet Archive. 4482:– via Internet ARchive. 4418:– via Internet Archive. 3889:Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko 3659:. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 3637:Chekhov's Funeral. M. Marcus. 3628:. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 3177:Stanislavski: An Introduction 3154:. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 3110:10.1080/17449855.2018.1511242 3060:. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 2920:. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 2742:. Retrieved 16 February 2007. 1865:Eastern Slavic naming customs 1847:, English-language translator 1841:, English-language translator 1715:, which is set in a theatre. 1453:According to literary critic 1090:Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko 1002:Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko 341:Portrait of Anton Chekhov by 6426:Chekhov Gymnasium and museum 6421:White Dacha, home and museum 6411:Chekov Shop, home and museum 6150:The House with the Mezzanine 5446:201 Stories by Anton Chekhov 4936:Chekhov on the British Stage 4803:Seeing Chekhov: Life and Art 4587:About Love and Other Stories 4298:Clayton, J. Douglas (2013). 4152:, Theatre Arts Books, 1987, 4089:, referring to the novelist 3233:. Anthem Press. p. 26. 1993: 941: 465:Birth house of Anton Chekhov 455: 450: 7: 10490:Russian opinion journalists 10175:List of avant-garde artists 9152:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari 5704:The Story of an Unknown Man 5437:(public domain audiobooks) 5181:, London: Macmillan, 1987, 4720:Note-Book of Anton Chekhov, 4460:Chekhov: Scenes from a Life 3987:Ernest Hemingway on Writing 3328:Olga Knipper, "Memoir", in 3229:Tabachnikova, Olga (2010). 2052:Chekhov & Bartlett 2004 1792: 836: 488:The Taganrog Boys Gymnasium 10: 10521: 10033:Classical Hollywood cinema 6416:Melikhovo, home and museum 5223:The Plays of Anton Chekhov 5144:Styan, John Louis (1981). 5129:Stanislavski, Constantin, 4789:Anton Chekhov Rediscovered 4542:. New York: Warner Books. 4148:Reynolds, Elizabeth (ed), 4118:, Harvest/HBJ Book, 2002, 3458:rather than a miscarriage. 3018:Chekhov & Garnett 2004 2978:Chekhov & Garnett 2004 2890:Valentine T. Bill (1987), 2638:. Knoxville: SleuthSayers. 2436:Chekhov & Garnett 2004 2144:Chekhov & Garnett 2004 2039:Collins English Dictionary 2006:Chekhov & Garnett 2004 1863:In this name that follows 1788:Anton Chekhov bibliography 1785: 1591:. One of Anton's nephews, 1529:Influence on dramatic arts 1113:, 1901, on their honeymoon 863:were to become notorious. 724:) won Chekhov the coveted 86:Yekaterinoslav Governorate 29: 10296: 9974: 9815: 9683: 9523: 9272: 9261: 9104:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon 9058: 8884: 8444: 7927: 7918: 7795: 7579: 7321: 7312: 7107: 7040: 7022: 6987: 6922: 6895: 6862: 6811: 6713: 6647: 6615: 6556: 6509: 6504:Links to related articles 6478: 6396:Mikhail Chekhov (brother) 6378: 6363: 6215: 6124: 6089: 6080:The Teacher of Literature 6031: 5996: 5954: 5912: 5856: 5737: 5730: 5679: 5660: 5529: 5516: 5052:. London: HarperCollins. 4868:Dialogues with Dostoevsky 4659:ebooks also available at 4377:General and cited sources 2632:"Chekhov's Crime Stories" 1894: 1204: 1189:, a detail that offended 471:, Chekhova street, Russia 383: 326: 321: 270: 245: 235: 210: 202: 192: 148: 138: 130: 119: 95: 68: 56: 47: 41: 10465:Russian-language writers 7889:The Master and Margarita 6877:The Notebook of Trigorin 4639:Letters of Anton Chekhov 4359:10.3167/arrs.2017.080106 3929:"From Russia, with Love" 3779:"To The Finland Station" 3563:Letters of Anton Chekhov 3439:Letters of Anton Chekhov 3316:Letters of Anton Chekhov 2844:Letters of Anton Chekhov 2790:Letters of Anton Chekhov 2663:Letters of Anton Chekhov 2614:The Undiscovered Chekhov 2532:Letters of Anton Chekhov 2490:Letters of Anton Chekhov 2463:Letters of Anton Chekhov 2390:, Taganrog city website. 2294:Letters of Anton Chekhov 1588:The Notebook of Trigorin 1460: 1215:Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky 1213:Anton Chekhov museum in 1140: 1024: 563:Greek School in Taganrog 32:Chekhov (disambiguation) 10485:Russian medical writers 10182:List of modernist poets 10068:Fourth dimension in art 9244:Meshes of the Afternoon 6391:Maria Chekhova (sister) 6308:A Story Without a Title 4862:Jackson, Robert Louis, 4732:Full text at Gutenberg. 4713:Full text at Gutenberg. 4681:Chekhov, Anton (1991). 4625:, Duck Editions, 2001, 4583:Chekhov, Anton (2004). 4245:Sekirin, Peter (2011). 3835:William H. New (1999). 3522:London Evening Standard 3286:Richard Pevear (2009). 2894:, Philosophical Library 2872:Daniel S. Burt (2008), 2227:Encyclopedia Britannica 1895:Антонъ Павловичъ Чеховъ 1845:Jean-Claude van Itallie 1561:. In turn, Strasberg's 1425:, 1898, oil on canvas; 1055:villa (The White Dacha) 1006:Konstantin Stanislavski 793:(written in 1900), and 419:Konstantin Stanislavski 350:Anton Pavlovich Chekhov 10480:Russian male novelists 10266:Second Viennese School 10008: 9997: 7901:The Sound and the Fury 7805:In Search of Lost Time 7262: 7191: 7180: 7134: 7123: 6406:Birth house and museum 6401:Osip Dymov (character) 5470:Works by Anton Chekhov 5431:Works by Anton Chekhov 5331:The Literature Network 5272: 5252:Listen to this article 5000:. London: Millington. 4843:Read at eldritchpress. 4730:, B.W. Huebsch, 1921. 4464:. London: Free Press. 3777:Edmund Wilson (1940). 3670:"Novodevichy Cemetery" 3536:Modern Language Review 3408:Chekhov's Leading Lady 2259:Power & Joyce 1974 1702:Hannah and Her Sisters 1614: 1518: 1451: 1433: 1368:further recounts that 1352:A Defenceless Creature 1218: 1183: 1114: 1103: 1046: 964: 954: 897:The Island of Sakhalin 888: 870: 855:, or penal colony, on 846: 827: 741: 586: 507: 499: 491: 480: 472: 346: 10505:Writers from Taganrog 10460:Pushkin Prize winners 10245:Reactionary modernism 10168:List of art movements 6446:Statue, Rostov-on-Don 6329:The Lady with the Dog 5271: 5048:Anton Chekhov: A Life 5024:Learning from Chekhov 4841:, B.W.Huebsch, 1921. 4398:10.4324/9780203019504 4392:. London: Routledge. 4384:Allen, David (2002). 4207:(2). JSTOR: 146–155. 4150:Stanislavski's Legacy 4074:Learning from Chekhov 2876:, Infobase Publishing 2440:YALTA, March 27, 1894 1898:. See, for instance, 1772:'s Palme d'Or winner 1609: 1535:Stanislavski's system 1509: 1487:The Lady with the Dog 1446: 1417: 1212: 1171: 1131:The Lady with the Dog 1108: 1098: 1036: 998:Alexandrinsky Theatre 959: 949: 879: 865: 845:Anton Chekhov in 1893 844: 816: 739: 581: 561:Chekhov attended the 518:) 29 January 1860 in 505: 497: 486: 479:Young Chekhov in 1882 478: 463: 340: 10089:Hanshinkan Modernism 9945:The Threepenny Opera 9861:Pelléas et Mélisande 7042:Story within a Story 6649:Story within a story 6589:Vanya on 42nd Street 6238:Sergeant Prishibeyev 5924:The Privy Councillor 5461:Антон Павлович Чехов 5303:More spoken articles 5093:Chekhov: A Biography 4815:Gerhardie, William, 4805:, Cornell UP, 2005, 4566:Interpreting Chekhov 4347:Religion and Society 2388:Chekhov and Taganrog 2272:John Middleton Murry 1660:Vanya on 42nd Street 1557:and, in particular, 1547:American playwrights 1469:, who subtitled his 1199:Novodevichy Cemetery 540:Voronezh Governorate 384:Антон Павлович Чехов 124:Novodevichy Cemetery 110:Grand Duchy of Baden 10147:International Style 9897:Afternoon of a Faun 9176:Battleship Potemkin 9080:Mont Sainte-Victoir 7012:Pomegranate Orchard 6885:Stupid Fucking Bird 6386:Olga Knipper (wife) 6224:The Complaints Book 6101:The Man in the Case 6066:Rothschild's Violin 5987:A Nervous Breakdown 5791:A Living Chronology 5749:An Enigmatic Nature 5610:A Marriage Proposal 4962:Nabokov, Vladimir, 4801:Finke, Michael C., 4783:Finke, Michael C., 4711:, Macmillan, 1920. 4568:, ANU Press, 2006, 4324:"Chekhov Ki Duniya" 4099:"A Chekhov Lexicon" 3471:, p. 569, and 3360:, pp. 170–171. 3166:, pp. 394–398. 2932:, pp. 186–191. 2073:"A Chekhov lexicon" 1709:'s 1980 drama film 1467:George Bernard Shaw 1401:Katherine Mansfield 992:The first night of 932:Katherine Mansfield 874:forced prostitution 789:(written in 1897), 785:(written in 1895), 762:The Northern Herald 571:(since renamed the 317:(great-great niece) 10425:Moscow Art Theatre 10026:Buddhist modernism 9983:American modernism 9909:The Rite of Spring 7877:The Sun Also Rises 7853:The Magic Mountain 7004:The Cherry Orchard 6996:The Cherry Orchard 6979:The Cherry Orchard 6252:A Gentleman Friend 5966:The Cattle-Dealers 5669:The Shooting Party 5650:The Cherry Orchard 5372:– Language: German 5336:"Chekhov's Legacy" 5273: 5028:Writers on Writing 4985:, J Murray, 1979, 4881:Klawans, Harold L. 4761:Seven Short Novels 4593:Bartlett, Rosamund 4454:Bartlett, Rosamund 4424:Bartlett, Rosamund 4388:Performing Chekhov 4270:Rimer, J. (2001). 3979:Archibald MacLeish 3907:A Chekhov Lexicon, 3731:on 3 November 2019 3639:The Antioch Review 3579:. 27 October 2023. 3503:"Lady with lapdog" 3406:Harvey Pitcher in 3069:Murakami, Haruki. 2861:, Ardis, p. x 2636:Literary and Genre 2451:Bartlett, pp. 4–5. 1964:Vsevolod Meyerhold 1902:Мужики и Моя жизнь 1718:The Cherry Orchard 1579:Tennessee Williams 1434: 1324:A Tedious Business 1320:The Cook's Wedding 1229:The Cherry Orchard 1219: 1115: 1078:The Cherry Orchard 1047: 1010:Moscow Art Theatre 955: 847: 795:The Cherry Orchard 742: 706:Dmitry Grigorovich 605:The Cherry Orchard 544:Orthodox Christian 508: 500: 492: 481: 473: 440:The Cherry Orchard 423:Moscow Art Theatre 347: 173:opinion journalism 10420:Modernist theatre 10332: 10331: 10326: 10325: 10054:Experimental film 9970: 9969: 9957:Waiting for Godot 9257: 9256: 7914: 7913: 7817:The Metamorphosis 7067: 7066: 6940: 6939: 6931:Birds of Paradise 6764: 6763: 6730:The Three Sisters 6722:The Three Sisters 6667: 6666: 6496: 6495: 6359: 6358: 5408:S. S. Koteliansky 5400:Constance Garnett 5396:Project Gutenberg 5370:Marina Rumjanzewa 5321:Books and Writers 5315:Petri Liukkonen. 5269: 5238:978-88-8231-491-0 5228:Tufarulo, G, M., 5187:978-0-33344-141-1 5159:978-0-521-23068-1 5139:978-0-413-46200-8 5084:978-0-7864-5871-4 5036:978-0-87451-560-2 5022:Prose, Francine, 5007:978-0-86000-006-8 4991:978-0-7195-3681-6 4981:Pitcher, Harvey, 4976:978-0-15-602776-2 4947:978-0-521-38467-4 4876:978-0-8047-2120-2 4858:978-0-521-58917-8 4835:S. S. Koteliansky 4825:978-0-356-04609-9 4811:978-0-8014-4315-2 4769:978-0-393-00552-3 4755:978-0-9729679-8-3 4739:The Other Chekhov 4724:S. S. Koteliansky 4709:Constance Garnett 4696:978-0-679-73375-1 4631:978-0-7156-3106-5 4623:Peter Constantine 4602:978-0-19-280260-6 4564:Borny, Geoffrey, 4549:978-0-446-69129-1 4530:978-0-413-50030-4 4520:Benedetti, Jean, 4505:978-0-88001-550-9 4471:978-0-7432-3074-2 4437:978-0-14-044922-8 4407:978-0-203-01950-4 4309:978-0-415-50969-5 4281:978-90-04-12011-2 4256:978-0-7864-5871-4 4187:978-0-271-01324-4 4158:978-0-87830-127-0 4135:Michael Goldman, 4114:Woolf, Virginia, 4101:by William Boyd, 4091:William Gerhardie 3995:978-0-684-18119-6 3846:978-0-7735-1791-2 3674:Passport Magazine 3456:ectopic pregnancy 3297:978-0-307-56828-1 3269:978-0-8101-1460-9 3240:978-1-84331-841-5 2918:"A Dreary Story." 2830:Constance Garnett 2754:, pp. 32–33. 2412:Constance Garnett 1852:Explanatory notes 1807:Literature portal 1770:Nuri Bilge Ceylan 1760:Chekhov Ki Duniya 1707:François Truffaut 1514:Victorian fiction 1505:The Common Reader 1498:William Gerhardie 1427:Tretyakov Gallery 1389:Constance Garnett 1316:In a Strange Land 1298:; in the second: 1122:complaints about 1101:my sky every day. 791:The Three Sisters 573:Chekhov Gymnasium 565:and the Taganrog 512:Anthony the Great 402:August Strindberg 335: 334: 275:Alexander Chekhov 203:Years active 193:Literary movement 16:(Redirected from 10512: 10470:Russian atheists 10318: 10317: 10289: 10287:Vulgar modernism 10282: 10280:Underground film 10275: 10268: 10261: 10254: 10247: 10240: 10233: 10226: 10219: 10212: 10205: 10198: 10191: 10184: 10177: 10170: 10163: 10156: 10149: 10142: 10133: 10126: 10119: 10112: 10105: 10103:Hippie modernism 10098: 10091: 10084: 10077: 10070: 10063: 10056: 10049: 10042: 10035: 10028: 10021: 10019:Bloomsbury Group 10014: 10013: 10003: 10002: 9992: 9985: 9963: 9962: 9951: 9950: 9939: 9938: 9927: 9926: 9915: 9914: 9903: 9902: 9891: 9890: 9879: 9878: 9867: 9866: 9855: 9854: 9843: 9842: 9831: 9830: 9808: 9801: 9794: 9787: 9780: 9773: 9766: 9759: 9752: 9745: 9738: 9731: 9724: 9717: 9710: 9703: 9696: 9676: 9669: 9662: 9655: 9648: 9641: 9634: 9627: 9620: 9613: 9606: 9599: 9592: 9585: 9578: 9571: 9564: 9557: 9550: 9543: 9536: 9516: 9509: 9502: 9495: 9488: 9481: 9474: 9467: 9460: 9453: 9446: 9439: 9432: 9425: 9418: 9411: 9404: 9397: 9390: 9383: 9376: 9369: 9362: 9355: 9348: 9341: 9334: 9327: 9320: 9313: 9306: 9299: 9292: 9285: 9270: 9269: 9250: 9249: 9238: 9237: 9226: 9225: 9216: 9215: 9206: 9205: 9200:Un Chien Andalou 9194: 9193: 9182: 9181: 9170: 9169: 9164:Ballet Mécanique 9158: 9157: 9146: 9145: 9134: 9133: 9122: 9121: 9110: 9109: 9098: 9097: 9092:The Starry Night 9086: 9085: 9074: 9073: 9051: 9044: 9037: 9030: 9023: 9016: 9009: 9002: 8995: 8988: 8981: 8974: 8967: 8960: 8953: 8946: 8939: 8932: 8925: 8918: 8911: 8904: 8897: 8877: 8870: 8863: 8856: 8849: 8842: 8835: 8828: 8821: 8814: 8807: 8800: 8793: 8786: 8779: 8772: 8765: 8758: 8751: 8744: 8737: 8730: 8723: 8716: 8709: 8702: 8695: 8688: 8681: 8674: 8667: 8660: 8653: 8646: 8639: 8632: 8625: 8618: 8611: 8604: 8597: 8590: 8583: 8576: 8569: 8562: 8555: 8548: 8541: 8534: 8527: 8520: 8513: 8506: 8499: 8492: 8485: 8478: 8471: 8464: 8457: 8437: 8430: 8423: 8421:Toulouse-Lautrec 8416: 8409: 8402: 8395: 8388: 8381: 8374: 8367: 8360: 8353: 8346: 8339: 8332: 8325: 8318: 8311: 8304: 8297: 8290: 8283: 8276: 8269: 8262: 8255: 8248: 8241: 8234: 8227: 8220: 8213: 8206: 8199: 8192: 8185: 8178: 8171: 8164: 8157: 8150: 8143: 8136: 8129: 8122: 8115: 8108: 8101: 8094: 8087: 8080: 8073: 8066: 8059: 8052: 8045: 8038: 8031: 8024: 8017: 8010: 8003: 7996: 7989: 7982: 7975: 7968: 7961: 7954: 7947: 7940: 7925: 7924: 7907: 7906: 7895: 7894: 7883: 7882: 7871: 7870: 7859: 7858: 7847: 7846: 7835: 7834: 7823: 7822: 7811: 7810: 7788: 7781: 7774: 7767: 7760: 7753: 7746: 7739: 7732: 7725: 7718: 7711: 7704: 7697: 7690: 7683: 7676: 7669: 7662: 7655: 7648: 7641: 7634: 7627: 7620: 7613: 7606: 7599: 7592: 7572: 7565: 7558: 7551: 7544: 7537: 7530: 7523: 7516: 7509: 7502: 7495: 7488: 7481: 7474: 7467: 7460: 7453: 7446: 7439: 7432: 7425: 7418: 7411: 7404: 7397: 7390: 7383: 7376: 7369: 7362: 7355: 7348: 7341: 7334: 7319: 7318: 7305: 7298: 7291: 7284: 7277: 7268: 7267: 7257: 7250: 7243: 7236: 7227: 7220: 7213: 7204: 7197: 7196: 7186: 7185: 7182:Der Blaue Reiter 7175: 7168: 7161: 7154: 7147: 7140: 7139: 7129: 7128: 7118: 7094: 7087: 7080: 7071: 7070: 7031:Der Kirschgarten 6967: 6960: 6953: 6944: 6943: 6791: 6784: 6777: 6768: 6767: 6694: 6687: 6680: 6671: 6670: 6536: 6529: 6522: 6513: 6512: 6500: 6499: 6486: 6485: 6456:Show, don't tell 6441:Statue, Taganrog 6199:On Official Duty 6192:A Doctor's Visit 6136:Anna on the Neck 5735: 5734: 5503: 5496: 5489: 5480: 5479: 5466: 5457: 5442: 5441: 5426:Internet Archive 5366:Tschechow lieben 5354: 5293: 5291: 5280: 5279: 5270: 5260: 5258: 5253: 5221:Zeiger, Arthur, 5218: 5171: 5151: 5116: 5096: 5075: 5051: 5042:Rayfield, Donald 5011: 4959: 4939: 4925: 4833:, translated by 4759:Chekhov, Anton, 4737:Chekhov, Anton, 4718:Chekhov, Anton, 4707:, translated by 4703:Chekhov, Anton, 4700: 4685:. Translated by 4673:Chekhov, Anton, 4658: 4657: 4651: 4621:, translated by 4617:Chekhov, Anton, 4614: 4591:. Translated by 4590: 4561: 4517: 4497: 4483: 4463: 4449: 4419: 4391: 4371: 4370: 4338: 4332: 4331: 4320: 4314: 4313: 4295: 4286: 4285: 4267: 4261: 4260: 4242: 4236: 4235: 4201:The Drama Review 4196: 4190: 4167: 4161: 4146: 4140: 4133: 4127: 4112: 4106: 4083: 4077: 4062:Vladimir Nabokov 4058: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4027: 4021: 4016: 4010: 4004: 3998: 3983:Selected Letters 3975:Ernest Hemingway 3971: 3965: 3962: 3956: 3955: 3942: 3936: 3925: 3919: 3902: 3896: 3885: 3879: 3869: 3863: 3857: 3851: 3850: 3832: 3826: 3825: 3797: 3791: 3790: 3774: 3768: 3767: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3736: 3716: 3710: 3704: 3698: 3697:, p. 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8251: 8244: 8237: 8230: 8223: 8216: 8209: 8202: 8195: 8188: 8181: 8174: 8167: 8160: 8153: 8146: 8139: 8132: 8125: 8118: 8111: 8104: 8097: 8090: 8083: 8076: 8069: 8062: 8055: 8048: 8041: 8034: 8027: 8020: 8013: 8006: 7999: 7992: 7985: 7978: 7971: 7964: 7957: 7950: 7943: 7936: 7910: 7904: 7898: 7892: 7886: 7880: 7874: 7868: 7862: 7856: 7850: 7844: 7838: 7832: 7826: 7820: 7814: 7808: 7802: 7791: 7784: 7777: 7770: 7763: 7756: 7749: 7742: 7735: 7728: 7721: 7714: 7707: 7700: 7695:Lowell (Robert) 7693: 7686: 7679: 7672: 7665: 7658: 7651: 7644: 7637: 7630: 7623: 7616: 7609: 7602: 7595: 7588: 7575: 7568: 7561: 7554: 7547: 7540: 7533: 7526: 7519: 7512: 7505: 7498: 7491: 7484: 7477: 7470: 7463: 7456: 7449: 7442: 7435: 7428: 7421: 7414: 7407: 7400: 7393: 7386: 7379: 7372: 7365: 7358: 7351: 7344: 7337: 7330: 7308: 7301: 7294: 7287: 7280: 7273: 7260: 7253: 7246: 7239: 7232: 7223: 7216: 7209: 7200: 7189: 7178: 7171: 7164: 7157: 7150: 7143: 7132: 7121: 7114: 7103: 7098: 7068: 7063: 7036: 7018: 6983: 6971: 6941: 6936: 6918: 6891: 6858: 6807: 6795: 6765: 6760: 6709: 6698: 6668: 6663: 6643: 6611: 6552: 6540: 6505: 6497: 6492: 6474: 6431:Chekhov Library 6374: 6370:Sakhalin Island 6355: 6259:The Chorus Girl 6211: 6120: 6085: 6045:The Grasshopper 6034: 6027: 5992: 5950: 5908: 5858:In the Twilight 5852: 5726: 5675: 5656: 5618:The Festivities 5525: 5512: 5507: 5464: 5455: 5439: 5387:Standard Ebooks 5352: 5317:"Anton Chekhov" 5307: 5306: 5295: 5289: 5287: 5284:This audio file 5281: 5274: 5265: 5262: 5256: 5255: 5251: 5248: 5243: 5207: 5160: 5105: 5060: 5008: 4948: 4914: 4747:Michelle Herman 4697: 4652: 4603: 4550: 4506: 4488:Benedetti, Jean 4472: 4438: 4408: 4379: 4374: 4339: 4335: 4322: 4321: 4317: 4310: 4296: 4289: 4282: 4268: 4264: 4257: 4243: 4239: 4213:10.2307/1144419 4197: 4193: 4168: 4164: 4147: 4143: 4134: 4130: 4113: 4109: 4093:'s analysis in 4084: 4080: 4059: 4055: 4045: 4043: 4028: 4024: 4017: 4013: 4005: 4001: 3972: 3968: 3963: 3959: 3946:Burt, Daniel S. 3943: 3939: 3926: 3922: 3903: 3899: 3886: 3882: 3870: 3866: 3858: 3854: 3847: 3833: 3829: 3814:10.2307/3004259 3798: 3794: 3775: 3771: 3764: 3748: 3744: 3734: 3732: 3717: 3713: 3705: 3701: 3693: 3689: 3679: 3677: 3668: 3667: 3663: 3649: 3645: 3636: 3632: 3620: 3616: 3600: 3596: 3588: 3584: 3575: 3574: 3570: 3559: 3555: 3546: 3542: 3533: 3529: 3518: 3514: 3499: 3495: 3487: 3483: 3466: 3462: 3450: 3446: 3435: 3431: 3422: 3418: 3405: 3401: 3393: 3389: 3377: 3373: 3368: 3364: 3356: 3352: 3347: 3343: 3327: 3323: 3312: 3308: 3298: 3284: 3280: 3270: 3256: 3252: 3241: 3227: 3223: 3203: 3199: 3187: 3183: 3174: 3170: 3162: 3158: 3147: 3143: 3138: 3134: 3129: 3125: 3094: 3090: 3081: 3077: 3068: 3064: 3056: 3052: 3044: 3040: 3032: 3028: 3016: 3012: 3004: 3000: 2992: 2988: 2976: 2972: 2964: 2960: 2952: 2948: 2940: 2936: 2928: 2924: 2916: 2912: 2903: 2899: 2888: 2881: 2870: 2866: 2855: 2851: 2840: 2836: 2827: 2823: 2814: 2810: 2801: 2797: 2786: 2782: 2774: 2770: 2766:, p. XXIV. 2762: 2758: 2750: 2746: 2735: 2731: 2714: 2710: 2686: 2682: 2674: 2670: 2659: 2655: 2647: 2643: 2628: 2624: 2603: 2599: 2591: 2587: 2579: 2575: 2567: 2563: 2555: 2551: 2543: 2539: 2528: 2524: 2516: 2509: 2501: 2497: 2486: 2482: 2474: 2470: 2459: 2455: 2450: 2446: 2434: 2430: 2422: 2418: 2409: 2394: 2386: 2382: 2374: 2370: 2366:, p. XVII. 2362: 2358: 2351:The Independent 2343: 2339: 2330: 2329: 2325: 2317: 2313: 2305: 2301: 2290: 2286: 2269: 2265: 2257: 2253: 2245: 2241: 2231: 2229: 2219: 2215: 2203: 2199: 2187: 2183: 2171: 2167: 2158: 2154: 2142: 2138: 2130: 2126: 2113: 2111: 2103:(13 May 2001). 2101:Steiner, George 2098: 2094: 2081: 2079: 2071:(3 July 2004). 2066: 2062: 2050: 2046: 2032: 2028: 2020: 2016: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1991: 1985: 1981: 1973: 1969: 1961: 1957: 1949: 1945: 1937: 1933: 1925: 1921: 1913: 1909: 1891: 1887: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1829:Chekhov Library 1819: 1814: 1812: 1805: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1790: 1784: 1593:Michael Chekhov 1567:"Method" acting 1531: 1492:For the writer 1463: 1362:Peter Kropotkin 1332:Oh! The Public! 1300:A Transgression 1242:The Chorus Girl 1207: 1147:Vasily Maklakov 1143: 1119:Donald Rayfield 1027: 944: 910:Haruki Murakami 892:Ostrov Sakhalin 857:Sakhalin Island 839: 826: 823: 802:Mikhail Chekhov 757:Severny Vestnik 734: 648: 590:debtor's prison 458: 453: 388: 381:; Russian: 357: 353: 315:Vera Tschechowa 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 290:Michael Chekhov 288: 285:Nikolai Chekhov 283: 278: 266: 263: 1901) 258: 254: 231: 188: 139:Alma mater 104: 100: 80: 79:29 January 1860 74: 72: 64: 63:Chekhov in 1889 52: 45: 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10518: 10508: 10507: 10502: 10497: 10492: 10487: 10482: 10477: 10472: 10467: 10462: 10457: 10452: 10447: 10442: 10437: 10432: 10427: 10422: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10400:Comedy writers 10397: 10392: 10387: 10382: 10377: 10372: 10367: 10362: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10330: 10329: 10324: 10323: 10306: 10298: 10297: 10294: 10293: 10291: 10290: 10283: 10276: 10269: 10262: 10255: 10248: 10241: 10234: 10231:Poetic realism 10227: 10220: 10213: 10206: 10199: 10192: 10185: 10178: 10171: 10164: 10161:Late modernity 10157: 10154:Late modernism 10150: 10143: 10136: 10135: 10134: 10127: 10120: 10106: 10099: 10096:High modernism 10092: 10085: 10078: 10071: 10064: 10057: 10050: 10043: 10040:Degenerate art 10036: 10029: 10022: 10015: 10010:Ballets Russes 10004: 9993: 9986: 9978: 9976: 9972: 9971: 9968: 9967: 9965: 9964: 9952: 9940: 9928: 9916: 9904: 9892: 9880: 9868: 9856: 9844: 9832: 9819: 9817: 9813: 9812: 9810: 9809: 9802: 9795: 9788: 9781: 9774: 9767: 9760: 9753: 9746: 9739: 9732: 9725: 9718: 9711: 9704: 9697: 9689: 9687: 9681: 9680: 9678: 9677: 9670: 9663: 9656: 9649: 9642: 9635: 9628: 9621: 9614: 9607: 9600: 9593: 9586: 9579: 9572: 9565: 9558: 9551: 9544: 9537: 9529: 9527: 9521: 9520: 9518: 9517: 9510: 9503: 9496: 9489: 9482: 9475: 9468: 9461: 9454: 9447: 9440: 9433: 9426: 9419: 9412: 9405: 9398: 9391: 9384: 9377: 9370: 9363: 9356: 9349: 9342: 9335: 9328: 9321: 9314: 9307: 9300: 9293: 9286: 9278: 9276: 9267: 9259: 9258: 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8144: 8137: 8130: 8123: 8116: 8109: 8102: 8095: 8088: 8081: 8074: 8067: 8060: 8053: 8046: 8039: 8032: 8025: 8018: 8011: 8004: 7997: 7990: 7983: 7976: 7969: 7962: 7955: 7948: 7941: 7933: 7931: 7922: 7916: 7915: 7912: 7911: 7909: 7908: 7896: 7884: 7872: 7860: 7848: 7841:The Waste Land 7836: 7824: 7812: 7799: 7797: 7793: 7792: 7790: 7789: 7782: 7775: 7768: 7761: 7754: 7747: 7740: 7733: 7726: 7719: 7712: 7705: 7698: 7691: 7684: 7677: 7670: 7663: 7656: 7649: 7642: 7635: 7628: 7621: 7614: 7607: 7600: 7593: 7585: 7583: 7577: 7576: 7574: 7573: 7566: 7559: 7552: 7545: 7538: 7531: 7524: 7517: 7510: 7503: 7496: 7489: 7482: 7475: 7468: 7461: 7454: 7447: 7440: 7433: 7426: 7419: 7412: 7405: 7398: 7391: 7384: 7377: 7370: 7363: 7356: 7349: 7342: 7335: 7327: 7325: 7316: 7310: 7309: 7307: 7306: 7299: 7292: 7285: 7278: 7271: 7270: 7269: 7251: 7244: 7237: 7230: 7229: 7228: 7214: 7207: 7206: 7205: 7198: 7187: 7169: 7162: 7155: 7152:Constructivism 7148: 7141: 7130: 7119: 7111: 7109: 7105: 7104: 7097: 7096: 7089: 7082: 7074: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7061: 7054: 7051:Sakura no Sono 7046: 7044: 7038: 7037: 7035: 7034: 7026: 7024: 7020: 7019: 7017: 7016: 7008: 7000: 6991: 6989: 6985: 6984: 6970: 6969: 6962: 6955: 6947: 6938: 6937: 6935: 6934: 6926: 6924: 6920: 6919: 6917: 6916: 6908: 6899: 6897: 6893: 6892: 6890: 6889: 6881: 6873: 6866: 6864: 6860: 6859: 6857: 6856: 6848: 6840: 6832: 6824: 6815: 6813: 6809: 6808: 6794: 6793: 6786: 6779: 6771: 6762: 6761: 6759: 6758: 6750: 6742: 6734: 6726: 6717: 6715: 6711: 6710: 6697: 6696: 6689: 6682: 6674: 6665: 6664: 6662: 6661: 6653: 6651: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6641: 6634: 6627: 6619: 6617: 6613: 6612: 6610: 6609: 6601: 6593: 6585: 6584:(1970 Russian) 6577: 6569: 6560: 6558: 6554: 6553: 6539: 6538: 6531: 6524: 6516: 6510: 6507: 6506: 6494: 6493: 6491: 6490: 6479: 6476: 6475: 6473: 6472: 6465: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6436:Bust, Taganrog 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6382: 6380: 6376: 6375: 6367: 6365: 6361: 6360: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6353: 6346: 6339: 6332: 6325: 6318: 6311: 6304: 6297: 6290: 6283: 6276: 6269: 6266:Shrove Tuesday 6262: 6255: 6248: 6241: 6234: 6227: 6219: 6217: 6213: 6212: 6210: 6209: 6202: 6195: 6188: 6181: 6174: 6167: 6160: 6153: 6146: 6139: 6131: 6129: 6122: 6121: 6119: 6118: 6111: 6104: 6096: 6094: 6091:Little Trilogy 6087: 6086: 6084: 6083: 6076: 6069: 6062: 6059:The Black Monk 6055: 6048: 6040: 6038: 6029: 6028: 6026: 6025: 6018: 6011: 6003: 6001: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5990: 5983: 5980:A Dreary Story 5976: 5969: 5961: 5959: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5948: 5941: 5934: 5927: 5919: 5917: 5910: 5909: 5907: 5906: 5899: 5892: 5885: 5878: 5871: 5863: 5861: 5854: 5853: 5851: 5850: 5847:Ivan Matveyich 5843: 5836: 5829: 5822: 5815: 5808: 5801: 5794: 5787: 5780: 5773: 5766: 5759: 5752: 5744: 5742: 5739:Motley Stories 5732: 5728: 5727: 5725: 5724: 5716: 5708: 5700: 5692: 5683: 5681: 5677: 5676: 5674: 5673: 5664: 5662: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5654: 5646: 5638: 5630: 5622: 5614: 5606: 5602:The Wood Demon 5598: 5594:Tatiana Repina 5590: 5582: 5574: 5566: 5558: 5550: 5542: 5533: 5531: 5527: 5526: 5524: 5523: 5517: 5514: 5513: 5506: 5505: 5498: 5491: 5483: 5477: 5476: 5467: 5458: 5449: 5443: 5428: 5419: 5406:translated by 5389: 5379: 5378: 5374: 5373: 5361: 5360: 5356: 5355: 5347: 5333: 5324: 5312: 5311: 5296: 5282: 5275: 5263: 5250: 5249: 5247: 5246:External links 5244: 5242: 5241: 5226: 5219: 5205: 5189: 5172: 5158: 5141: 5131:My Life in Art 5127: 5117: 5103: 5086: 5076: 5058: 5038: 5020: 5006: 4993: 4979: 4960: 4946: 4932:, ed. (1993). 4930:Miles, Patrick 4926: 4912: 4900:Malcolm, Janet 4896: 4878: 4860: 4846: 4827: 4813: 4799: 4787:, an essay in 4781: 4771: 4757: 4735: 4722:translated by 4716: 4701: 4695: 4678: 4671: 4633: 4615: 4601: 4580: 4562: 4548: 4532: 4518: 4504: 4490:, ed. (1997). 4484: 4470: 4450: 4436: 4426:, ed. (2004). 4420: 4406: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4372: 4333: 4315: 4308: 4287: 4280: 4262: 4255: 4237: 4191: 4162: 4141: 4128: 4107: 4078: 4070:Francine Prose 4053: 4022: 4011: 3999: 3985:, p. 179), in 3966: 3957: 3937: 3920: 3897: 3880: 3864: 3852: 3845: 3827: 3808:(1): 109–121. 3792: 3769: 3762: 3742: 3711: 3709:, p. 595. 3699: 3687: 3661: 3643: 3630: 3614: 3607:Benedetti 1997 3601:Olga Knipper, 3594: 3582: 3568: 3553: 3540: 3527: 3512: 3493: 3489:Benedetti 1997 3481: 3473:Benedetti 1997 3460: 3444: 3429: 3416: 3399: 3387: 3379:Benedetti 1997 3371: 3362: 3350: 3341: 3330:Benedetti 1997 3321: 3306: 3296: 3278: 3268: 3250: 3239: 3221: 3197: 3181: 3168: 3156: 3141: 3132: 3123: 3088: 3084:Station Island 3075: 3062: 3050: 3038: 3036:, p. 125. 3026: 3010: 3008:, p. 230. 2998: 2986: 2970: 2968:, p. 224. 2958: 2956:, p. 223. 2946: 2944:, p. 129. 2934: 2922: 2910: 2897: 2879: 2864: 2849: 2834: 2821: 2819:, p. 147. 2808: 2806:, p. 137. 2795: 2780: 2778:, p. 160. 2768: 2756: 2744: 2729: 2708: 2680: 2678:, p. 128. 2668: 2653: 2641: 2622: 2610:George Steiner 2597: 2585: 2573: 2561: 2549: 2537: 2522: 2507: 2495: 2480: 2468: 2453: 2444: 2428: 2416: 2392: 2380: 2368: 2356: 2337: 2323: 2311: 2299: 2284: 2263: 2251: 2239: 2213: 2197: 2181: 2165: 2152: 2136: 2124: 2092: 2060: 2044: 2026: 2024:, p. 595. 2014: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1989: 1979: 1967: 1955: 1943: 1940:Raymond Carver 1931: 1927:Old Style date 1919: 1915:Old Style date 1907: 1885: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1849: 1848: 1842: 1836: 1831: 1825: 1824: 1810: 1794: 1791: 1786:Main article: 1783: 1780: 1712:The Last Metro 1690:Love and Death 1604:B.C. BookWorld 1575:Robert De Niro 1551:Clifford Odets 1530: 1527: 1462: 1459: 1455:Daniel S. Burt 1442:Raymond Carver 1397:Virginia Woolf 1370:Vladimir Lenin 1366:Raymond Tallis 1356:Peasant Wives. 1340:A Woman's Luck 1206: 1203: 1195:General Keller 1167:Raymond Carver 1142: 1139: 1026: 1023: 953:, now a museum 943: 940: 924:Station Island 838: 835: 831:A Dreary Story 821: 733: 732:Turning points 730: 699:Alexey Suvorin 685:St. Petersburg 667:Nikolai Leykin 647: 646:Early writings 644: 577:Greek Orthodox 457: 454: 452: 449: 333: 332: 324: 323: 319: 318: 305:Ada Tschechowa 280:Maria Chekhova 272: 268: 267: 256: 250: 249: 247: 243: 242: 237: 236:Notable awards 233: 232: 230: 229: 222: 214: 212: 208: 207: 204: 200: 199: 194: 190: 189: 187: 186: 185:correspondence 183: 180: 175: 170: 165: 162: 159: 156: 152: 150: 146: 145: 140: 136: 135: 132: 128: 127: 121: 117: 116: 103:(aged 44) 97: 93: 92: 90:Russian Empire 70: 66: 65: 62: 54: 53: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10517: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10486: 10483: 10481: 10478: 10476: 10473: 10471: 10468: 10466: 10463: 10461: 10458: 10456: 10453: 10451: 10448: 10446: 10443: 10441: 10438: 10436: 10433: 10431: 10428: 10426: 10423: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10381: 10378: 10376: 10373: 10371: 10368: 10366: 10363: 10361: 10358: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10346: 10345:Anton Chekhov 10343: 10342: 10340: 10321: 10311: 10310: 10309:Postmodernism 10304: 10303: 10295: 10288: 10284: 10281: 10277: 10274: 10270: 10267: 10263: 10260: 10256: 10253: 10252:Metamodernism 10249: 10246: 10242: 10239: 10235: 10232: 10228: 10225: 10221: 10218: 10217:New Hollywood 10214: 10211: 10207: 10204: 10200: 10197: 10193: 10190: 10186: 10183: 10179: 10176: 10172: 10169: 10165: 10162: 10158: 10155: 10151: 10148: 10144: 10141: 10137: 10132: 10128: 10125: 10121: 10118: 10114: 10113: 10111: 10110:Impressionism 10107: 10104: 10100: 10097: 10093: 10090: 10086: 10083: 10079: 10076: 10072: 10069: 10065: 10062: 10058: 10055: 10051: 10048: 10044: 10041: 10037: 10034: 10030: 10027: 10023: 10020: 10016: 10012: 10011: 10005: 10001: 10000: 9994: 9991: 9987: 9984: 9980: 9979: 9977: 9973: 9959: 9958: 9953: 9947: 9946: 9941: 9935: 9934: 9929: 9923: 9922: 9917: 9911: 9910: 9905: 9899: 9898: 9893: 9887: 9886: 9881: 9875: 9874: 9869: 9863: 9862: 9857: 9851: 9850: 9845: 9839: 9838: 9833: 9827: 9826: 9821: 9820: 9818: 9814: 9807: 9803: 9800: 9796: 9793: 9789: 9786: 9782: 9779: 9775: 9772: 9768: 9765: 9761: 9758: 9754: 9751: 9747: 9744: 9740: 9737: 9733: 9730: 9726: 9723: 9719: 9716: 9712: 9709: 9705: 9702: 9698: 9695: 9691: 9690: 9688: 9686: 9682: 9675: 9671: 9668: 9664: 9661: 9657: 9654: 9650: 9647: 9643: 9640: 9636: 9633: 9629: 9626: 9622: 9619: 9615: 9612: 9608: 9605: 9601: 9598: 9594: 9591: 9587: 9584: 9580: 9577: 9573: 9570: 9566: 9563: 9559: 9556: 9552: 9549: 9545: 9542: 9538: 9535: 9531: 9530: 9528: 9526: 9522: 9515: 9511: 9508: 9504: 9501: 9497: 9494: 9490: 9487: 9483: 9480: 9476: 9473: 9469: 9466: 9462: 9459: 9455: 9452: 9448: 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8264: 8261: 8257: 8254: 8250: 8247: 8243: 8240: 8236: 8233: 8229: 8226: 8222: 8219: 8215: 8212: 8208: 8205: 8201: 8198: 8194: 8191: 8187: 8184: 8180: 8177: 8173: 8170: 8166: 8163: 8159: 8156: 8152: 8149: 8145: 8142: 8138: 8135: 8131: 8128: 8124: 8121: 8117: 8114: 8110: 8107: 8103: 8100: 8096: 8093: 8089: 8086: 8082: 8079: 8075: 8072: 8068: 8065: 8061: 8058: 8054: 8051: 8047: 8044: 8040: 8037: 8033: 8030: 8026: 8023: 8019: 8016: 8012: 8009: 8005: 8002: 7998: 7995: 7991: 7988: 7984: 7981: 7977: 7974: 7970: 7967: 7963: 7960: 7956: 7953: 7949: 7946: 7942: 7939: 7935: 7934: 7932: 7930: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7917: 7903: 7902: 7897: 7891: 7890: 7885: 7879: 7878: 7873: 7867: 7866: 7861: 7855: 7854: 7849: 7843: 7842: 7837: 7831: 7830: 7825: 7819: 7818: 7813: 7807: 7806: 7801: 7800: 7798: 7794: 7787: 7783: 7780: 7776: 7773: 7769: 7766: 7762: 7759: 7755: 7752: 7748: 7745: 7741: 7738: 7734: 7731: 7727: 7724: 7720: 7717: 7713: 7710: 7706: 7703: 7699: 7696: 7692: 7689: 7685: 7682: 7678: 7675: 7671: 7668: 7664: 7661: 7657: 7654: 7650: 7647: 7643: 7640: 7636: 7633: 7629: 7626: 7622: 7619: 7615: 7612: 7608: 7605: 7601: 7598: 7594: 7591: 7587: 7586: 7584: 7582: 7578: 7571: 7567: 7564: 7560: 7557: 7553: 7550: 7546: 7543: 7539: 7536: 7532: 7529: 7525: 7522: 7518: 7515: 7511: 7508: 7504: 7501: 7497: 7494: 7490: 7487: 7483: 7480: 7476: 7473: 7469: 7466: 7462: 7459: 7455: 7452: 7448: 7445: 7441: 7438: 7434: 7431: 7427: 7424: 7420: 7417: 7413: 7410: 7406: 7403: 7399: 7396: 7392: 7389: 7385: 7382: 7378: 7375: 7371: 7368: 7364: 7361: 7357: 7354: 7350: 7347: 7343: 7340: 7336: 7333: 7329: 7328: 7326: 7324: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7314:Literary arts 7311: 7304: 7300: 7297: 7293: 7290: 7286: 7283: 7279: 7276: 7272: 7266: 7265: 7259: 7258: 7256: 7255:Neoplasticism 7252: 7249: 7245: 7242: 7238: 7235: 7231: 7226: 7222: 7221: 7219: 7218:Functionalism 7215: 7212: 7208: 7203: 7199: 7195: 7194: 7188: 7184: 7183: 7177: 7176: 7174: 7173:Expressionism 7170: 7167: 7163: 7160: 7156: 7153: 7149: 7146: 7145:Ashcan School 7142: 7138: 7137: 7131: 7127: 7126: 7120: 7117: 7113: 7112: 7110: 7106: 7102: 7095: 7090: 7088: 7083: 7081: 7076: 7075: 7072: 7060: 7059: 7058:Henry's Crime 7055: 7053: 7052: 7048: 7047: 7045: 7043: 7039: 7033: 7032: 7028: 7027: 7025: 7021: 7014: 7013: 7009: 7006: 7005: 7001: 6998: 6997: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6986: 6981: 6980: 6975: 6974:Anton Chekhov 6968: 6963: 6961: 6956: 6954: 6949: 6948: 6945: 6933: 6932: 6928: 6927: 6925: 6921: 6915:(1980 ballet) 6914: 6913: 6909: 6906: 6905: 6901: 6900: 6898: 6894: 6887: 6886: 6882: 6879: 6878: 6874: 6871: 6868: 6867: 6865: 6861: 6854: 6853: 6849: 6846: 6845: 6841: 6838: 6837: 6833: 6830: 6829: 6825: 6822: 6821: 6817: 6816: 6814: 6810: 6805: 6804: 6799: 6798:Anton Chekhov 6792: 6787: 6785: 6780: 6778: 6773: 6772: 6769: 6756: 6755: 6751: 6748: 6747: 6746:Three Sisters 6743: 6740: 6739: 6738:Three Sisters 6735: 6732: 6731: 6727: 6724: 6723: 6719: 6718: 6716: 6712: 6708: 6707: 6706:Three Sisters 6702: 6701:Anton Chekhov 6695: 6690: 6688: 6683: 6681: 6676: 6675: 6672: 6660: 6659: 6655: 6654: 6652: 6650: 6646: 6640: 6639: 6635: 6633: 6632: 6628: 6626: 6625: 6624:Sonya's Story 6621: 6620: 6618: 6614: 6607: 6606: 6602: 6599: 6598: 6594: 6591: 6590: 6586: 6583: 6582: 6578: 6575: 6574: 6570: 6567: 6566: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6555: 6550: 6549: 6544: 6543:Anton Chekhov 6537: 6532: 6530: 6525: 6523: 6518: 6517: 6514: 6508: 6501: 6489: 6481: 6480: 6477: 6471: 6470: 6466: 6464: 6463: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6451:Chekhov's gun 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6383: 6381: 6377: 6372: 6371: 6366: 6362: 6351: 6347: 6344: 6340: 6337: 6336:In the Ravine 6333: 6330: 6326: 6323: 6319: 6316: 6312: 6309: 6305: 6302: 6298: 6295: 6291: 6288: 6284: 6281: 6277: 6274: 6270: 6267: 6263: 6260: 6256: 6253: 6249: 6246: 6242: 6239: 6235: 6232: 6231:A Horsey Name 6228: 6225: 6221: 6220: 6218: 6216:Other stories 6214: 6207: 6203: 6200: 6196: 6193: 6189: 6186: 6182: 6179: 6175: 6172: 6168: 6165: 6164:The Petcheneg 6161: 6158: 6154: 6151: 6147: 6144: 6140: 6137: 6133: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6123: 6116: 6112: 6109: 6105: 6102: 6098: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6088: 6081: 6077: 6074: 6070: 6067: 6063: 6060: 6056: 6053: 6049: 6046: 6042: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6030: 6023: 6019: 6016: 6015:Peasant Wives 6012: 6009: 6005: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5995: 5988: 5984: 5981: 5977: 5974: 5970: 5967: 5963: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5956:Gloomy People 5953: 5946: 5942: 5939: 5935: 5932: 5928: 5925: 5921: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5911: 5904: 5900: 5897: 5893: 5890: 5886: 5883: 5879: 5876: 5872: 5869: 5865: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5855: 5848: 5844: 5841: 5837: 5834: 5830: 5827: 5823: 5820: 5816: 5813: 5809: 5806: 5802: 5799: 5795: 5792: 5788: 5785: 5781: 5778: 5777:The Chameleon 5774: 5771: 5767: 5764: 5760: 5757: 5753: 5750: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5736: 5733: 5731:Short stories 5729: 5722: 5721: 5717: 5714: 5713: 5709: 5706: 5705: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5693: 5690: 5689: 5685: 5684: 5682: 5678: 5671: 5670: 5666: 5665: 5663: 5659: 5652: 5651: 5647: 5644: 5643: 5642:Three Sisters 5639: 5636: 5635: 5631: 5628: 5627: 5623: 5620: 5619: 5615: 5612: 5611: 5607: 5604: 5603: 5599: 5596: 5595: 5591: 5588: 5587: 5583: 5580: 5579: 5575: 5572: 5571: 5567: 5564: 5563: 5559: 5556: 5555: 5551: 5548: 5547: 5543: 5540: 5539: 5535: 5534: 5532: 5528: 5522: 5519: 5518: 5515: 5511: 5510:Anton Chekhov 5504: 5499: 5497: 5492: 5490: 5485: 5484: 5481: 5475: 5471: 5468: 5462: 5459: 5453: 5450: 5447: 5444: 5436: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5423: 5420: 5417: 5413: 5412:Leonard Woolf 5409: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5384: 5381: 5380: 5376: 5375: 5371: 5367: 5363: 5362: 5358: 5357: 5351: 5348: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5328: 5325: 5322: 5318: 5314: 5313: 5309: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5285: 5239: 5235: 5231: 5227: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5208: 5206:9780804151900 5202: 5198: 5194: 5190: 5188: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5175:Troyat, Henri 5173: 5169: 5165: 5161: 5155: 5150: 5149: 5142: 5140: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5110: 5106: 5104:9780226758053 5100: 5095: 5094: 5087: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5059:9780805057478 5055: 5050: 5049: 5043: 5039: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5019: 5015: 5009: 5003: 4999: 4994: 4992: 4988: 4984: 4980: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4964:Anton Chekhov 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4943: 4938: 4937: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4915: 4913:9781862076358 4909: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4894: 4893:1-888799-12-9 4890: 4886: 4885:Chekhov's Lie 4882: 4879: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4844: 4840: 4839:Leonard Woolf 4836: 4832: 4828: 4826: 4822: 4818: 4817:Anton Chekhov 4814: 4812: 4808: 4804: 4800: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4780: 4779:9780313234231 4776: 4772: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4733: 4729: 4728:Leonard Woolf 4725: 4721: 4717: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4692: 4688: 4687:Payne, Robert 4684: 4683:Forty Stories 4679: 4676: 4672: 4670: 4666: 4662: 4656: 4649: 4645: 4641: 4640: 4634: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4598: 4594: 4589: 4588: 4581: 4579: 4578:free download 4575: 4574:1-920942-68-8 4571: 4567: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4536:Bloom, Harold 4533: 4531: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4501: 4496: 4495: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4467: 4462: 4461: 4455: 4451: 4447: 4443: 4439: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4390: 4389: 4382: 4381: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4353:(1): 94–108. 4352: 4348: 4344: 4337: 4329: 4325: 4319: 4311: 4305: 4301: 4294: 4292: 4283: 4277: 4273: 4266: 4258: 4252: 4248: 4241: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4195: 4188: 4184: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4171:Martin Esslin 4166: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4145: 4138: 4132: 4125: 4124:0-15-602778-X 4121: 4117: 4111: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4082: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4057: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4026: 4020: 4015: 4009:, p. 82. 4008: 4003: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3981:, 1925 (from 3980: 3976: 3970: 3961: 3953: 3952: 3947: 3941: 3934: 3930: 3924: 3917: 3913: 3909: 3908: 3901: 3894: 3890: 3884: 3877: 3873: 3868: 3862:, p. 77. 3861: 3856: 3848: 3842: 3838: 3831: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3796: 3789: 3785:. Doubleday. 3784: 3780: 3773: 3765: 3763:9781317547402 3759: 3756:. Routledge. 3755: 3754: 3746: 3730: 3726: 3725:revoltlib.com 3722: 3715: 3708: 3703: 3696: 3691: 3675: 3671: 3665: 3658: 3657: 3652: 3647: 3640: 3634: 3627: 3625: 3618: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3598: 3592:, p. 62. 3591: 3586: 3578: 3572: 3566: 3564: 3557: 3550: 3544: 3537: 3531: 3524:. p. 31. 3523: 3516: 3508: 3507:Short Stories 3504: 3497: 3490: 3485: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3464: 3457: 3453: 3452:Rayfield 1997 3448: 3442: 3440: 3433: 3426: 3420: 3414:, p. 59. 3413: 3409: 3403: 3396: 3395:Rayfield 1997 3391: 3384: 3380: 3375: 3366: 3359: 3354: 3345: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3325: 3319: 3317: 3310: 3303: 3299: 3293: 3289: 3282: 3275: 3271: 3265: 3261: 3254: 3247: 3242: 3236: 3232: 3225: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3206: 3205:Rayfield 1997 3201: 3195: 3191: 3185: 3178: 3172: 3165: 3164:Rayfield 1997 3160: 3153: 3151: 3145: 3136: 3127: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3092: 3085: 3079: 3072: 3066: 3059: 3054: 3047: 3042: 3035: 3030: 3023: 3019: 3014: 3007: 3006:Rayfield 1997 3002: 2996:, p. 85. 2995: 2990: 2983: 2979: 2974: 2967: 2966:Rayfield 1997 2962: 2955: 2950: 2943: 2938: 2931: 2926: 2919: 2914: 2907: 2904:S. Shchukin, 2901: 2893: 2886: 2884: 2875: 2868: 2860: 2853: 2847: 2845: 2838: 2831: 2825: 2818: 2812: 2805: 2799: 2793: 2791: 2784: 2777: 2772: 2765: 2760: 2753: 2748: 2741: 2739: 2733: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2712: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2688:Rayfield 1997 2684: 2677: 2676:Rayfield 1997 2672: 2666: 2664: 2657: 2651:, p. 26. 2650: 2645: 2637: 2633: 2626: 2619: 2615: 2612:'s review of 2611: 2607: 2601: 2595:, p. 91. 2594: 2593:Rayfield 1997 2589: 2583:, p. 79. 2582: 2577: 2571:, p. 69. 2570: 2569:Rayfield 1997 2565: 2559:, p. 33. 2558: 2553: 2547:, p. 26. 2546: 2541: 2535: 2533: 2526: 2520:, p. XX. 2519: 2514: 2512: 2505:, p. 25. 2504: 2499: 2493: 2491: 2484: 2478:, p. 31. 2477: 2476:Rayfield 1997 2472: 2466: 2464: 2457: 2448: 2441: 2437: 2432: 2425: 2420: 2413: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2389: 2384: 2378:, p. 18. 2377: 2372: 2365: 2360: 2352: 2348: 2341: 2333: 2327: 2320: 2315: 2308: 2307:Rayfield 1997 2303: 2297: 2295: 2288: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2267: 2261:, p. 57. 2260: 2255: 2248: 2243: 2228: 2224: 2217: 2210: 2206: 2201: 2194: 2190: 2185: 2178: 2174: 2169: 2162: 2156: 2149: 2145: 2140: 2134:, p. 38. 2133: 2128: 2121: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2096: 2089: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2069:Boyd, William 2064: 2057: 2053: 2048: 2041: 2040: 2035: 2030: 2023: 2022:Rayfield 1997 2018: 2011: 2007: 2002: 1998: 1983: 1977: 1971: 1965: 1959: 1953: 1947: 1941: 1935: 1928: 1923: 1916: 1911: 1905: 1903: 1889: 1882: 1878: 1875: and the 1874: 1870: 1866: 1860: 1856: 1846: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1826: 1822: 1811: 1808: 1797: 1789: 1779: 1777: 1776: 1771: 1767: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1756: 1750: 1748: 1744: 1743: 1738: 1737: 1732: 1731: 1730:Three Sisters 1726: 1725: 1724:Henry's Crime 1720: 1719: 1714: 1713: 1708: 1704: 1703: 1698: 1697: 1692: 1691: 1686: 1682: 1681: 1677:'s 1975 film 1676: 1672: 1671: 1670:Three Sisters 1666: 1662: 1661: 1656: 1652: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1639: 1638: 1637:Three Sisters 1633: 1632: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1618:Shimizu Kunio 1613: 1608: 1606: 1605: 1600: 1596: 1594: 1590: 1589: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1571:Marlon Brando 1568: 1564: 1563:Actors Studio 1560: 1559:Lee Strasberg 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1543:Group Theatre 1540: 1536: 1526: 1524: 1517: 1515: 1508: 1506: 1501: 1499: 1495: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1474: 1473: 1468: 1458: 1456: 1450: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1423:Anton Chekhov 1420: 1416: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1385:R. E. C. 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April 2008 3673: 3664: 3655: 3651:Malcolm 2004 3646: 3638: 3633: 3623: 3617: 3602: 3597: 3590:Malcolm 2004 3585: 3571: 3562: 3556: 3548: 3543: 3535: 3530: 3521: 3515: 3506: 3496: 3484: 3469:Simmons 1970 3463: 3447: 3438: 3432: 3427:, p. 78 3419: 3412:Malcolm 2004 3410:, quoted in 3407: 3402: 3390: 3374: 3365: 3358:Malcolm 2004 3353: 3348:Bartlett, 2. 3344: 3324: 3315: 3309: 3301: 3287: 3281: 3273: 3259: 3253: 3244: 3230: 3224: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3200: 3184: 3176: 3171: 3159: 3149: 3144: 3135: 3126: 3101: 3097: 3091: 3083: 3078: 3070: 3065: 3058:"The Murder" 3053: 3046:Simmons 1970 3041: 3034:Malcolm 2004 3029: 3013: 3001: 2989: 2973: 2961: 2954:Simmons 1970 2949: 2942:Malcolm 2004 2937: 2930:Simmons 1970 2925: 2913: 2905: 2900: 2891: 2873: 2867: 2858: 2852: 2843: 2837: 2824: 2817:Malcolm 2004 2811: 2804:Malcolm 2004 2798: 2789: 2783: 2776:Simmons 1970 2771: 2759: 2752:Malcolm 2004 2747: 2738:The Huntsman 2737: 2732: 2727:, p. 79 2711: 2695: 2692:anti-Semitic 2683: 2671: 2662: 2656: 2649:Malcolm 2004 2644: 2635: 2625: 2618:The Observer 2617: 2613: 2600: 2588: 2576: 2564: 2557:Simmons 1970 2552: 2545:Simmons 1970 2540: 2531: 2525: 2503:Malcolm 2004 2498: 2489: 2483: 2471: 2462: 2456: 2447: 2431: 2424:Malcolm 2004 2419: 2383: 2376:Simmons 1970 2371: 2359: 2350: 2340: 2326: 2321:, p. 78 2314: 2302: 2293: 2287: 2279: 2275: 2266: 2254: 2247:Malcolm 2004 2242: 2230:. 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10302:Romanticism 10259:Remodernism 10140:Incoherents 9999:Avant-garde 9990:Armory Show 9597:Maeterlinck 9500:Villa-Lobos 9486:Szymanowski 9465:Stockhausen 9402:Lutosławski 9120:(1909–1910) 7920:Visual arts 7893:(1928–1940) 7809:(1913–1927) 7332:Apollinaire 7296:Synchromism 7136:Art Nouveau 6912:The Seagull 6904:The Seagull 6852:The Seagull 6844:Little Lili 6836:The Seagull 6820:The Seagull 6803:The Seagull 6754:The Sisters 6581:Uncle Vanya 6573:Uncle Vanya 6565:Uncle Vanya 6548:Uncle Vanya 6373:(1893–1895) 6364:Non-fiction 6280:The Runaway 6206:The Darling 6178:In the Cart 6073:The Student 5868:The Requiem 5712:Three Years 5634:Uncle Vanya 5626:The Seagull 5586:The Wedding 5414:– see the " 5359:Documentary 5340:Cornel West 5193:Wood, James 4675:Easter Week 3783:archive.org 3332:, pp. 3217:Uncle Vanya 3175:Benedetti, 2694:attacks in 1976:James Joyce 1917:17 January. 1877:family name 1764:DD National 1755:Katha Sagar 1747:Uncle Vanya 1736:Still Alice 1699:(1978) and 1655:Louis Malle 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No. 6 5889:Easter Eve 5688:The Steppe 5416:References 5299:Audio help 5290:2012-07-26 5125:0521079500 4743:Kyle Minor 4558:1285554573 4446:1131582937 3927:Bartlett, 3874:, p. 3872:Allen 2002 3735:5 November 3695:Payne 1991 3609:, p. 3475:, p. 3381:, p. 3213:Wood Demon 3192:, p. 3190:Allen 2002 2764:Payne 1991 2518:Payne 1991 2364:Payne 1991 2280:About Love 2207:, p. 2205:Styan 1981 2191:, p. 2189:Allen 2002 2175:, p. 2173:Miles 1993 2132:Bloom 2002 2114:31 October 2082:31 October 2054:, p. 1869:patronymic 1685:Ward No. 6 1680:The Mirror 1599:Alan Twigg 1555:Elia Kazan 1409:revolution 1374:Ward No. 6 1223:Ivan Bunin 1175:Ich sterbe 973:Zvenigorod 971:doctor in 902:The Murder 751:The Steppe 636:Fatherless 536:Olkhovatka 168:feuilleton 131:Occupation 75:1860-01-29 10238:Pulp noir 10196:Modernity 10061:Film noir 9785:St. Denis 9708:Diaghilev 9444:Schaeffer 9367:Hindemith 9339:Dutilleux 9311:Boulanger 9116:The Dance 8812:Tarkovsky 8805:Sternberg 8637:Hitchcock 8553:Dovzhenko 8469:Antonioni 8414:Stieglitz 8253:Metzinger 8204:Kokoschka 8183:Kandinsky 7597:Aldington 7590:Akhmatova 7507:Marinetti 7500:Mansfield 7451:Hemingway 7289:Symbolism 7108:Movements 7101:Modernism 6631:September 6462:Fragments 6350:Betrothed 6322:Whitebrow 6301:Kashtanka 6287:The Siren 6273:First Aid 5945:Happiness 5875:The Witch 5798:Small Fry 5404:Note-book 5327:Biography 5215:863217943 5168:752009093 5072:229213309 5068:654644946 5018:817895885 4922:224119811 4902:(2004) . 4669:647103583 4665:647111461 4648:746986995 4611:252643218 4514:891822370 4480:632112773 4416:559297281 4367:2150-9301 4221:0012-5962 4160:, 81, 83. 4007:Wood 2000 3860:Wood 2000 3425:Wood 2000 3150:Note-Book 3118:165401623 3104:: 48–65. 2994:Wood 2000 2725:Wood 2000 2696:New Times 2581:Wood 2000 2319:Wood 2000 2276:Athenaeum 2161:Wikiquote 2034:"Chekhov" 1994:Citations 1873:Pavlovich 1762:aired on 1696:Interiors 1419:Osip Braz 1308:The Witch 996:, at the 951:Melikhovo 942:Melikhovo 912:'s novel 695:New Times 662:Fragments 653:satirical 628:Goncharov 620:Cervantes 594:Alexander 584:convicts. 568:Gymnasium 555:despotism 551:Alexander 516:Old Style 456:Childhood 451:Biography 406:modernism 322:Signature 287:(brother) 277:(brother) 271:Relatives 206:1876-1904 178:travelogy 10320:Category 9921:Fountain 9825:Don Juan 9764:Nijinsky 9660:Wedekind 9639:Piscator 9534:Anderson 9458:Scriabin 9374:Honegger 9028:Sullivan 9014:Saarinen 9007:Rietveld 9000:Niemeyer 8972:Melnikov 8902:Bunshaft 8833:Truffaut 8798:Sjöström 8742:Pudovkin 8714:Minnelli 8679:Kurosawa 8672:Kuleshov 8602:Flaherty 8428:Vuillard 8407:Steichen 8365:Rousseau 8330:Pissarro 8309:O'Keeffe 8274:Mondrian 8225:Malevich 8218:Magritte 8190:Kirchner 8134:van Gogh 8085:Doesburg 8064:Delaunay 8057:Delaunay 7980:Brâncuși 7966:Boccioni 7929:Painting 7779:Williams 7702:Mallarmé 7618:Cendrars 7528:Platonov 7486:Lawrence 7479:Koestler 7416:Flaubert 7409:Faulkner 7374:Bulgakov 7303:Tonalism 7264:De Stijl 7248:Lettrism 7234:Futurism 7125:Art Deco 6488:Category 6352:" (1903) 6345:" (1902) 6338:" (1900) 6331:" (1899) 6324:" (1895) 6317:" (1889) 6310:" (1888) 6303:" (1887) 6296:" (1887) 6289:" (1887) 6282:" (1887) 6275:" (1887) 6268:" (1886) 6261:" (1886) 6254:" (1886) 6247:" (1886) 6240:" (1885) 6233:" (1885) 6226:" (1884) 6208:" (1899) 6201:" (1899) 6194:" (1898) 6187:" (1898) 6180:" (1897) 6173:" (1897) 6166:" (1897) 6159:" (1897) 6157:Peasants 6152:" (1895) 6145:" (1895) 6138:" (1895) 6117:" (1898) 6110:" (1898) 6103:" (1898) 6082:" (1894) 6075:" (1894) 6068:" (1894) 6061:" (1894) 6054:" (1892) 6052:In Exile 6047:" (1892) 6024:" (1892) 6017:" (1891) 6010:" (1890) 5989:" (1889) 5982:" (1889) 5975:" (1888) 5968:" (1887) 5947:" (1887) 5940:" (1886) 5933:" (1886) 5926:" (1886) 5905:" (1887) 5898:" (1886) 5891:" (1886) 5884:" (1886) 5877:" (1886) 5870:" (1886) 5849:" (1886) 5842:" (1886) 5835:" (1886) 5828:" (1886) 5826:Children 5821:" (1885) 5814:" (1885) 5807:" (1885) 5805:The Fish 5800:" (1885) 5793:" (1885) 5786:" (1884) 5772:" (1884) 5765:" (1883) 5758:" (1883) 5751:" (1883) 5696:The Duel 5680:Novellas 5570:The Bear 5554:Swansong 5538:Platonov 5435:LibriVox 5301: · 5044:(1997). 4956:26363574 4887:, 1997, 4797:17003357 4538:(2002). 4456:(2004). 4097:, 1923. 3948:(2009). 3895:, 31–32. 3788:myself!' 2706:in 1898. 2698:against 2232:26 April 2159:Also on 1793:See also 1693:(1975), 1650:Sea Gull 1626:Ai Nagai 1581:adapted 1565:and the 1523:faux pas 1507:(1925): 1336:The Mask 1312:Verochka 1282:Darkness 1278:The Boys 1262:In Court 1238:Children 962:waiting. 837:Sakhalin 822:— 624:Turgenev 520:Taganrog 469:Taganrog 297:(nephew) 292:(nephew) 282:(sister) 126:, Moscow 82:Taganrog 18:Checkhov 9975:Related 9837:Ubu Roi 9792:Tamiris 9778:Sokolow 9757:Massine 9625:Osborne 9618:O'Neill 9611:O'Casey 9569:Chekhov 9555:Beckett 9541:Anouilh 9525:Theatre 9472:Strauss 9430:Russolo 9409:Milhaud 9388:Janáček 9360:Górecki 9353:Feldman 9332:Debussy 9325:Copland 9283:Antheil 9021:Steiner 8944:Johnson 8923:Guimard 8916:Gropius 8763:Resnais 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158:novella 9961:(1953) 9949:(1928) 9937:(1921) 9925:(1917) 9913:(1913) 9901:(1912) 9889:(1910) 9877:(1905) 9873:Salome 9865:(1902) 9853:(1899) 9841:(1896) 9829:(1888) 9806:Wigman 9736:Graham 9729:Fuller 9722:Fokine 9715:Duncan 9667:Wilder 9653:Toller 9590:Kaiser 9562:Brecht 9548:Artaud 9507:Webern 9493:Varèse 9423:Partch 9395:Ligeti 9318:Boulez 9290:Bartók 9248:(1943) 9236:(1941) 9224:(1936) 9214:(1931) 9204:(1929) 9192:(1927) 9180:(1925) 9168:(1923) 9156:(1920) 9144:(1915) 9132:(1912) 9108:(1907) 9096:(1889) 9084:(1887) 9072:(1886) 9049:Wright 9035:Tatlin 8993:Neutra 8895:Breuer 8861:Welles 8847:Vertov 8770:Renoir 8721:Murnau 8707:Marker 8700:Lupino 8658:Keaton 8644:Hubley 8630:Godard 8616:Fuller 8560:Dreyer 8539:Dassin 8497:Buñuel 8393:Sisley 8386:Signac 8379:Seurat 8351:Renoir 8169:Hopper 8071:Demuth 7994:Calder 7987:Braque 7938:Albers 7905:(1929) 7881:(1926) 7869:(1925) 7857:(1924) 7845:(1922) 7833:(1922) 7821:(1915) 7772:Valéry 7758:Thomas 7723:Pessoa 7667:George 7660:Elytis 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