3518:
3602:
3971:
3122:
3154:
20:
3221:
3493:
3572:
4075:"The mistletoe, however, is but rarely found upon the oak; and when found, is gathered with rites replete with religious awe. This is done more particularly on the sixth day of the moon, the day which is the beginning of their months and years, as also of their ages, which, with them, are but thirty years. This day they select because the moon, though not yet in the middle of her course, has already considerable power and influence; and they call her by a name which signifies, in their language, the all-healing."
28:
2014:
3529:âfestivalâ occurs in several runs of days of between three and nine days each, considered to mark each day of a festival. In all but two cases these festivals run from the end of one month into the beginning of the next. Four of these IVOS runs break the year into four-quarters, just as the four main Celtic festivals do in historic times, only here they are centered on Day 1 every three lunar months, rather than Day 1 of every three solar months as today.
6438:
6428:
142:
3979:
days are copied, and for days 1 to 18, their day number is replaced with a single N at the copied site. Secondly, a sequence of days 1 to 6 is again copied from a different year, and these are merged with the first. Thirdly, the days 7-8-9 and 7a-8a-9a which have been dragged from the following month are again merged with the copied notations. At which point, the calendar's notations are complete.
1977:
slippage against the solar year would also add to the already large luni-solar swing, for a total of 75 days before a possible adjustment, further aggravating the solar discrepancy, and displacing seasonal festivals by up to two and a half months. This slippage and inaccuracy indicates that the
Coligny calendar is more likely to be a practical 19-year calendar rather than a 30-year cycle.
255:). These two months divide the calendar into summer and winter seasons of six months, each season led off by a festival of several days marked with IVOS. This indicates an early version of the same traditional seasons as seen in later Celtic contexts: âFor two divisions were formerly on the year, viz., summer from Beltaine (the first of May), and winter from Samuin to Beltaineâ.
4195:
The notation TRINVX SAMONI, found at SAM 2a, means that its notations were originally at SAMONIOS day 3 in the upper coicise. SAM 3 is the last day of the IVOS festival at the beginning of SAMONIOS, presumably the equivalent of the
Beltaine festival. It is not associated with Samhain,
3978:
The notations on the days of the intercalary months are created by a complex series of copies and merges of notations from certain days in the normal lunar months. Each day of an intercalary month sequentially copies a lunar month and the same day number, with its source month name added. At first 30
638:
The
Coligny calendar as reconstructed consisted of 16 columns and 4 rows, with two intercalary months given half a column each, resulting in a table of the 62 months of the five-year cycle. The 5 years of the calendar plaque is part of a Metonic cycle of 19 years, although it
4133:
For this is how
Conchobor spends his time of kingship since he assumed sovereignty: as soon as he arises, settling the cares and business of the province, thereafter dividing the day into three, the first third of the day spent watching the youths playing games and hurling, the second third spent in
4011:
EQVOS in year 1 and 5 is marked with 30 days, and the verse above the second intercalary month says Year 3 has 355 days, making EQVOS 30 days. Years 2 and 4 are on lost fragments but may have also been marked on the plaque as 30 days long. Early scholars
2851:
Several different notations, each with their own pattern, are placed sequentially on the 12 lunar months of the calendar, interacting according to certain rules with the notations before them, often replacing them. After the basic notations are set, many daysâ notations are then moved to other days,
4016:
in years 2 and 4 may have had only 28 days, while
Olmsted suggested 28 days in year 2 and 29 days in year 4. However, this issue was resolved when McKay re-evaluated the first intercalary as 29 days long allowing a pattern of 29 or 30-day months as normal and a correct
2004:
The mistletoe, however, is but rarely found upon the oak; and when found, is gathered with rites replete with religious awe. This is done more particularly on the sixth day of the moon, the day which is the beginning of their months and years, as also of their ages, which, with them, are but thirty
1972:
stated that the Celts treated 30 years as an âageâ, and this period is seen many times in stories. But it does not necessarily follow that the calendar was then based on a 30-year cycle. If the calendar was a 30-year cycle, the luni-solar swing would be 46 days, meaning that the timing of
3228:
The triple marks undergo many changes as other notations are added. Days with N forms of notation overwrite the whole âdayâ notation, e.g. IIT MD becomes just N, while ITI D AMB becomes just N. Days are moved and exchanged, often overwritten and lost, intercalary borrowed days are
2021:
The first coicise tracks the gibbous moon, the phase in which the moon is more than half full, it's brightest half. The second coicise tracks the crescent moon, the darker half. Notations, which will govern activities, usually focus in the first, brighter, coicise when the moon has âconsiderable
1957:
0.087 days. Every 276 years this adds one day, but as all the notations are luni-solar and move around within 36 days, this extra solar day would be unnoticeable for many centuries. Eventually the calendar would require a 30-day lunar month to be skipped once every 6,536 years.
2030:
A full reconstruction of the calendar by McKay (2020) includes the latest information about the intercalary notations and the triple marks. Olmsted (2001) offers a previous reconstruction, which usefully aligns the notations with photographic images. RIG III (1986) presented an earlier in-depth
975:
If the plaque was part of a 30-year calendar, it overruns the lunar phase by 0.151 days. This requires a day to be removed (by turning a 30-day EQUOS into a 29-day) roughly once every 198 years. However, the internal months show a larger variation in accuracy for the lunar phase, nearly
3609:
As the notations of one day are moved to another, they take the information with them about their original position (presumably so that one day can be used to prognosticate for its swapped partner). As most movements are to the same day of the month, the day information is redundant, so only the
3186:
months. The first triplet starts on Days 1-2-3 of SAMONIOS in Year 1, Days 2-3-4 in RIVROS, and so on following the MAT sequence of months. The equivalent sequence starts on Days 1-2-3 of GIAMONIOS in Year 3 and follows the ANM months, so mirroring one intercalary period to the other.
2039:
MID SAMONIOS of year 2 is the only month out of 62 that has been preserved without any gaps. Currently, most of the patterns of the various notations are known, even if their significance may not be understood. Because of this, most days on the calendar can be reconstructed with confidence.
1976:
In a 30-year calendar, the moon finishes only 0.1515 days earlier than the calendar, requiring a day to be removed from EQVOS every 199 years. But the lunar/solar difference is larger at 1.4172 days, requiring a 30-day month to be skipped every 198 years. This relatively fast
964:
Each lunar year has a 12 lunar months, six months of 30 days and five of 29 days, although not in 29/30 pairs, and one variable month of 29 or 30 days. A synodic month has 29.53 days, so the calendar overcomes any slight slippage or temporary imbalance by the
3562:
At this point, most notations have been assigned their base position on the calendar. What happens next is a major feature of the calendar, the movement of one day's notations to a different day. This visually breaks up the patterns of the notations, making the calendar seem quite random. This
3753:
For the 12 lunar months after an intercalary month, the notations of the triplet of days 7-8-9 (the full moon) and 7a-8a-9a (the dark moon) in each month are dragged sequentially upwards to the previous month, like beads on a string. Their original month name is then added to the notations.
2009:
Classical writers counted from the day of the first visible moon, so the 6th day would be the first quarter moon, Day 1, the start of the calendar's month. The quarter moon with its D-shape is the only moment in the lunar phase that is easily identifiable by eye. The internal notations of the
3483:
month offset, as the triple marks. If it falls on a triple mark, it replaces it, along with any M D, D, or D AMB. The PRINI LOUD of SIM 5 is later overwritten by N INIS R. Exchanges will lead to some PRINI LOUD ending up in ANM months, and vice versa.
2755:
started on the last two days of the previous month CANTLOS, days 13a-14a, so the whole festival lasts for 5 days. This probably equates with the festival of
Beltaine, although these sorts of specific terms are not used on the calendar, festivals only being marked with runs of
1956:
The functioning of the calendar relies on the lunar months staying in sync with the lunar phase, so the calendar is already adjusting for any lunar difference through the use of the variable day in EQVOS. To keep in sync with the solar year it only needs to adjust for the difference of
51:
is inserted before each 2.5 years. The lunar phase is tracked with exceptional precision, adjusted when necessary by a variable month, and the calendar uses the 19-year
Metonic cycle to keep track of the solar year. It is the most important evidence for the reconstruction of an ancient
4035:
Unfortunately, because the calendar remains so steady and does not slip against the solar year except for a day every 276 years, this accuracy means that any slippage of perhaps a day or two against the solar year cannot be used to calculate how old the calendar
3509:âfestivalâ. As it occurs on seven nights when the moon is absent in the sky (the dark moon of 7a-8a-9a), and avoids the critical moments of the full moon of day 8 and the first visible moon of day 10a, it possibly refers to prognostication associated with stars.
4108:
Because the day numbers are repeated in the upper and lower coicise, researchers use either the number with 'a' attached for the lower coicise, or continue on the sequence. For example, Day VI (6) in the lower coicise is given as either Day 6a or
3484:
PRINI LOUD does not only occur in the SAMONIOS season, and PRINI LAG does not only occur in the GIAMONIOS season â the SAMONIOS season of 6 months, and the GIAMONIOS season, both contain examples of PRINI LOUD and PRINI LAG.
3961:
The notation IVOS is also sequentially dragged upwards a month in the post-intercalary year. However, it does not take all the other notations with it. This keeps the festival runs marked with IVOS intact. The same also applies to SINDIV IVOS.
3205:
A second pattern, again following the MAT/ANM sequence, determines which triplets of the first pattern will manifest from year to year. This means the triple mark on a day/month of one year may not be found on the same day/month in another year.
2673:
added in their turn. Day 2a, first swapped with DUM day 2a, then undergoes another anomalous swap with SAM day 3. Days with notations that have been moved are always marked with their originating month's name (and day name if different).
984:
The calendar is based on the
Metonic cycle, a period of 19 years after which the sun and moon complete their phase within about two hours, 0.087 days, of each other. This is created by 4 Coligny plaques, with the first year dropped.
3140:
is placed on every odd numbered day except Day 1, but this is explained by the traditional view that the unit 1 is neither odd nor even. The use of odd numbers as inauspicious is also seen with most months of 29 days being
1965:
The calendar can perform as a 30-year cycle, by extending the 19-year
Metonic cycle to use six 5-year cycles, with a 30-day intercalary month dropped once every 30 years. But whether it was a 19-year or 30-year calendar is unknown.
2872:
is placed between the two half-months. The patterns of the notations act as though the 30th day is always present. This means that in practice some months only have 29 days, but conceptually, all months have 30 days.
3136:, denotes an inauspicious day. It occurs only on Days 5 and 11 in the upper half-month, that being the period when the moon is more than half full, so it's mostly left free of inauspicious days. In the second half-month,
3173:
The triple marks are by far the most complex notations, composed of three main patterns. They do not always repeat across the years. The first pattern assigns possible triplet positions which start on the same offset as the first
1993:
in modern Irish). The second half-month has either 15 days, or 14 days with the term DIVERTOMV placed over the space for the 15th day. The notation patterns act as though this 'virtual' 15th day is present.
114:. Based on the style of lettering and the accompanying statue, the bronze plaque probably dates to the end of the second century, although the copying errors indicate the calendar itself is much older. It is now held at the
3504:
is scattered across the lunar year. The significance of its distribution is undiagnosed. All but three instances occur in the seven months of the SAMONIOS season plus the month of GIAMONIOS. It avoids the days marked with
971:
At the end of the 19-year
Metonic cycle, the calendar has overrun the 62-month lunar point by 0.312 days. This would be fixed by reducing an EQUOS month from 30 days back to 29 once every 61 years.
4054:
est autem id rarum admodum inventu et repertum magna religione petitur et ante omnia sexta luna, quae principia mensum annorumque his facit et saeculi post tricesimum annum, quia iam virium abunde habeat nec sit sui
2005:
years. This day they select because the moon, though not yet in the middle of her course, has already considerable power and influence; and they call her by a name which signifies, in their language, the all-healing.
2855:
The notations, their patterns and interactions have gradually over the last century been identified by several key researchers, and what follows is a general, but not comprehensive, overview of each notation.
5124:
The Gaulish calendar: a reconstruction from the bronze fragments from Coligny, with an analysis of its function as a highly accurate lunar-solar predictor, as well as an explanation of its terminology and
4432:
The Gaulish Calendar: A reconstruction from the bronze fragments from Coligny, with an analysis of its function as a highly accurate lunar-solar predictor, as well as an explanation of its terminology and
2505:
258:
It is not possible to align the Coligny lunar months accurately with modern solar months, but allowing for variation across the years it is likely that the month of MID SAMONIOS began around MayâJune.
968:
The Coligny calendar is designed to keep perfectly in sync with the lunar phase, with a tolerance of less than 24 hours. Its internal notations are organised according to the phase of the moon.
4017:
Metonic cycle. The length of EQVOS may have been decided by a visual sighting of the first quarter moon which would start the next month. This gives a usual pattern of 30/29/29/29/30 days for EQVOS.
2667:, is marked on days 1, 3, 8 and 1a. This tracks the swapping of these days' notations (all of them) with the following month DUMANIOS days 1, 8, 1a and 2a where the notations from SAMONIOS have
3543:âthis day a festivalâ, occurs only three times â DUM 2a, SIM 9, and AED 25. These three special festival days must indicate something of exceptional importance in the year.
4909:
Rhys, John (1910). Notes on the Coligny Calendar Together with an Edition of the Reconstructed Calendar. From the Proceedings of the British Academy, Volume 4 (Report). Oxford: Oxford U Press.
3078:ânot goodâ. The summer season has 4 MAT months, and the winter season only has 2 MAT months. The summer season needs more auspicious time for all its activities. The months do
4134:
playing brandub and fidchell and the last third spent in consuming food and drink until sleep comes on them all, while minstrels and musicians are meanwhile lulling him to sleep.
3169:, followed by three days with none. As they only occur with days marked with D (for daytime), and never N (for nighttime), they likely divide the daytime into three divisions.
3554:
is an exceptional term which only occurs on three days in the year â SIM 7, AED 8, and CAN 15. Whatever its significance, it marks days of exceptional importance.
3190:
If a triplet cannot be completed before the end of a coicise because it starts on Days 14 and 15, or 14a and 15a, or just 14a of a 29-day month, then the triple marks changes to
2864:
Each month has two halves. The first half has days numbered from I to XV (1 to 15). The second half has either IâXV (1â15), or IâXIIII (1â14) with the 15th day marked with
4099:
The notations of each day/month are not always the same across all years, so the calendar cannot be simply filled out by copying a known day into the same day/month on a lacuna
2010:
calendar confirm Pliny's statement, with a focus on the middle triplet of days in each half-month, days 7-8-9 (the full moon) and days 7a-8a-9a (the dark invisible moon).
4196:
being in the summer month of SAMONIOS. It is not a three-night festival, being explicitly marked as a daytime D âdayâ and SINDIV IVOS âfestival this (one) dayâ.
3597:
of a month. This occurs just three times per year: between SAM 3 and SAM 2a, between RIV 4 and RIV 10a, and between RIV 8a and ANA 4.
106:
tablet, preserved in 73 fragments, that was originally 1.48 metres (4 ft 10 in) wide by 0.9 metres (2 ft 11 in) tall, equivalent to 5 x 3
2535:
The double circle "â" in the table indicates the peg-hole for marking the current day, followed by a Roman numeral for the day's number in the half-month.
3113:
for night. Any type of notation marked with N (night) will overwrite the full daytime notation, including the triple mark, M D, D, or D AMB.
4026:
The lunar month does not slip but remains perfectly tuned to the lunar phase, so the age of the calendar cannot be ascertained by any proposed slippage
3563:
exchanging of days according to several different patterns, is a major aspect of the calendar, involving a total of 870 days over 5 years.
3586:
The second pattern involves days other than Day 1, and uses a different set of four pairs of months to swap between. Days are swapped with the
6023:
4920:
Zavaroni, Adolfo (2007). On the structure and terminology of the Gaulish calendar (Report). British Series. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports.
4243:
Duval, P.M. and Pinault, G., Recueil des inscriptions gauloises, Tome 3: Les Calendriers (Coligny, Villards d'Heria), CNRS, Paris, 1986, pp. 35â37.
4230:
3610:
month name (in the genitive) is added. But anomalous swaps between different days require both their original day name and the month to be added.
5670:
2852:
creating visual chaos. Finally, the days of the intercalary months are filled with notations copied from certain days in the 12 yearly months.
6497:
1973:
festivals would often be inappropriate to their seasonal nature. For example, Lugnasad might find itself in the middle of the busy harvest.
4186:
The anomalous swaps were partially identified by MacNeill in 1928, later by Duval & Pinault in 1986, Olmsted in 1988, and McKay in 2018.
3213:
on Day 21(6a), the last day of the visible moon, adding to another mark if already there, resulting in each Day 21 holding either
6288:
125:. It does not have the holes of a peg calendar that the Coligny calendar does, but otherwise has the same notations. It is now held in the
4532:
2722:'festival this (one) day' added to it in years 1 and 4. This means that this day's notations have been swapped with day 3 (
6487:
6472:
1953:
The calendar itself must count in whole days, so 6940 days overruns the sun by 0.398396 and the moon by 0.311620 days.
225:. The names occur in the form SAMONI (gen.), DUMANNI, RIVRI etc. in the internal notations of the calendar. The name of the first
4874:
3517:
115:
98:), along with broken pieces of a bronze statue of a life-size naked male holding a spear, likely Roman Mars or Romano-Celtic
1985:
The calendar month is broken into two halves with the term ATENOVX between them. The first half-month has 15 days (called a
5815:
4933:
3145:ânot goodâ. It is symptomatic of Celtic cultures, as the Romans held the reverse view, that odd numbers were auspicious.
976:
48 hours (1.44 to â0.65 ), making the ability to track the lunar phase of 30-years notably less accurate.
5228:
2617:
Days 5 and 11 in the upper coicise and each odd day (except day 1a) in the lower coicise are marked with
965:
month of MID EQVOS having either 29 or 30 days as required to keep the calendar in sync with the lunar phase.
6467:
6106:
107:
6482:
5132:
5117:
5046:
5031:
4966:
4466:
4440:
4310:
4219:
5765:
3601:
2738: D DVM IVO. (SAMONIOS day 2a's original notations are found in turn at DUMMANIOS day 2a).
4836:
2734:, after first being swapped with DVMANNIOS day 2a, whose notations now sit at SAMONIOS day 3
66:
4806:
Toner, Gregory; Maxim Fomin; Grigory Bondarenko; Thomas Torma; CaoimhĂn Ă DĂłnaill; Hilary Lavelle, eds. (2007).
4597:
Toner, Gregory; Maxim Fomin; Grigory Bondarenko; Thomas Torma; CaoimhĂn Ă DĂłnaill; Hilary Lavelle, eds. (2007).
4568:
Toner, Gregory; Maxim Fomin; Grigory Bondarenko; Thomas Torma; CaoimhĂn Ă DĂłnaill; Hilary Lavelle, eds. (2007).
4226:
3970:
6492:
5201:
4550:
6477:
3121:
6111:
6049:
5842:
229:
is unknown being on a lost fragment, the second is reconstructed asantaran, antaran, antaran, or Antaran.
4980:
4671:
6462:
5949:
5277:
4012:
struggled to fit values to EQVOS which would create a Metonic cycle, for example MacNeill suggested that
226:
48:
3153:
6283:
6088:
5924:
5433:
5148:
Pinault, J. (1951). "Notes sur le vocabulaire gaulois, I. Les noms des mois du calendrier de Coligny".
2656:
occurs in this month on days 8a and 9a. The significance of this nighttime term in unknown.
19:
5069:
McKay, Helen (2018). "Defining the systematic patterns for the triple marks of the Coligny calendar".
4714:
McKay, Helen (2018). "Defining the systematic patterns for the triple marks of the Coligny calendar".
4177:
Exchanged days always occur between neighbouring months, but are not always between MAT and ANM months
6053:
4361:
3220:
4659:. Recueil des inscriptions gauloises. Vol. Tome 3. Paris, FR: Editions du CNRS. pp. 35â37.
2608:, in that order before major movements and overwriting. These follow the same offset pattern as the
5986:
5529:
5470:
4536:
4254:
639:
could also be extended to a 30-year cycle. The full length of the calendar is still being debated.
4353:
4168:, and Zavaroni suggested a meaning of "(con)junction", but neither meaning has found wide support.
5934:
5803:
5221:
5137:
Parisot, Jean-Paul (1985). "Les phases de la Lune et les saisons dans le calendrier de Coligny".
4379:
5366:
3229:
marked with N, and so on. The result turns a complex pattern of triple marks into visual chaos.
5760:
5384:
4482:
4154:
Thurneysen (1899) suggested IVOS means "festival", although the etymology is obscure. The word
6370:
4327:
122:
6399:
6394:
6387:
6161:
5623:
4263:
2909:
have been read as "lucky" and "unlucky", respectively, based on comparison with Middle Welsh
6268:
6151:
5976:
5884:
5502:
5396:
5312:
4959:
Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
4303:
Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
3492:
2022:
power and influenceâ. Every odd day in the darker coicise is marked as âinauspicious dayâ.
988:
All the days and their notations are luni-solar and move around within a space of 36 days.
501:
8:
6350:
6121:
6083:
5919:
5869:
5719:
5697:
5692:
5638:
5568:
5536:
4852:
4815:
4606:
4577:
4931:
Olmsted, Garrett (1988). "The use of ordinal numerals on the Gaulish Coligny calendar".
4856:
4716:
3198:. If a triplet starts only on day 15, or day 15a, then it changes to a single
2557:
month in its header, but this will often be subsequently overwritten by other notations
6441:
6258:
6156:
5879:
5857:
5822:
5793:
5598:
5578:
5297:
5292:
5256:
5214:
4891:
4805:
4596:
4567:
4540:
2504:
44:
4357:
6431:
6298:
6293:
6039:
5991:
5929:
5909:
5724:
5675:
5645:
5583:
5546:
5541:
5487:
5450:
5391:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5282:
5173:
5128:
5113:
5083:
Mac Neill, EĂłin (1928). "On the notation and chronology of the Calendar of Coligny".
5042:
5027:
4962:
4895:
4657:
Les calendriers de Coligny (73 fragments) et Villards d'Heria (8 fragments)
4462:
4436:
4306:
3571:
4785:
4411:
MacNeill, EĂłin (1928). "On the notation and chronology of the calendar of Coligny".
6278:
6018:
6008:
5709:
5704:
5633:
5593:
5573:
5563:
5519:
5445:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5379:
5307:
5287:
4954:
4883:
4743:
McKay, Helen T. (2022). "Building the Intercalary Months of the Coligny calendar".
4725:
4691:
4494:
4298:
2513:
2013:
111:
110:. It is written in Latin inscriptional capitals and numerals, but terms are in the
4763:
4130:
A trace of the pre-Christian division of the day into three may be found here.
3994:"L'Ă©tymologie est transparent puisque le nom du mois et fait sur celui de l'hiver
495:
6308:
6303:
6234:
6098:
6063:
6013:
5971:
5889:
5874:
5810:
5798:
5788:
5734:
5665:
5655:
5588:
5551:
5492:
5455:
5408:
5403:
4528:
4046:
2590:. Terms are often shortened, and the spelling is non-standard and often varies.
1997:
1969:
599:
130:
53:
5862:
5076:
McKay, Helen (2022). "Building the Intercalary Months of the Coligny calendar".
3593:
A third pattern is called the anomalous swaps, where days are swapped between a
2703:
originally at SAMONIOS day 1 has been swapped with DVMANNIOS day 1 below it .
369:
6273:
6131:
5996:
5981:
5939:
5914:
5852:
5847:
5770:
5755:
5729:
5682:
5660:
5650:
5556:
5524:
5509:
5477:
5460:
5428:
5302:
5261:
5251:
4972:
4214:
2691:, at the first day of the first month (Samonios), the second day of the second
121:
Eight small fragments of a similar calendar were found at the double-shrine of
4887:
4783:
4761:
3165:-like marks. They are first lain down each month in triplets over three days,
2773:, without changing the rest of its notations. Originally, it started off with
6456:
6001:
5954:
5944:
5899:
5894:
5739:
5714:
5687:
5628:
5611:
5482:
5465:
5346:
5317:
4533:"Book 16, "the natural history of the forest trees" English translation"
4393:
4145:
For a full explanation of the patterns of the triple marks, see McKay (2018)
81:
68:
6382:
5051:
Mc Cluskey, Stephen C. (1990). "The Solar Year in the Calendar of Coligny".
4729:
4498:
4375:
342:
6338:
6313:
6188:
6116:
5606:
4992:
Les calendriers de Coligny (73 fragments) et Villards d'Heria (8 fragments)
4628:"THE COLIGNY CALENDAR A FULL RECONSTRUCTION With MODERN DATES second cycle"
60:
27:
2000:
reported that the Celtic month began on the â6th day of the new moonâ.
375:
6318:
6244:
6213:
6208:
6126:
5616:
5062:
McKay, Helen (2016). "The Coligny calendar as a Metonic lunar calendar".
2833:
indicates that the notations of SAMONIOS day 1 in this year 2,
5964:
6333:
6328:
6263:
6253:
6248:
6073:
5438:
40:
4256:
Parapegmata: or Astrology, Weather, and Calendars in the Ancient World
6411:
6375:
6343:
6239:
6218:
6198:
5322:
5159:
3579:
There are several patterns in which two days swap their notations.
595:
4627:
6406:
6203:
5237:
3583:
The first pattern only involves Day 1 in four pairs of months.
5959:
141:
31:
The god found with the Coligny calendar reconstituted by A. André.
3566:
2765:
Finally, Day 1 has its 'day' terms overwritten by a single
4164:
3613:
153:
The names of the twelve lunar year months are reconstructed as
103:
5110:
Histoire du calendrier gaulois : le calendrier de Coligny
4786:"Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru A Dictionary of the Welsh Language"
4764:"Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru A Dictionary of the Welsh Language"
3178:
term in the month, moving down a day in each of the following
6193:
4788:. Aberystwyth: Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
4766:. Aberystwyth: Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
3162:
2614:
notations, and likely divide the daytime into three periods.
379:(thick, stout, great, large). Delamarre suggests "fat month."
99:
5206:
4841:. The History of Rome. Vol. 1. London: Richard Bentley.
4784:
Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, ed. (1921).
4762:
Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, ed. (1921).
23:
Overview of the re-assembled tablet found in Coligny, France
6323:
4999:
Der gallo-lateinische Mond- und Sonnen-Kalender von Coligny
4523:
4521:
4519:
4517:
641:
95:
3965:
43:
in the 2nd century CE. It lays out a five-year cycle of a
4673:
La langue gauloise : grammaire, textes, et glossaire
4159:
3232:
3093:, a good or auspicious day. Days of the months marked as
614:
584:
563:
542:
526:
516:
488:
477:
456:
432:
411:
390:
357:
330:
314:
304:
250:
244:
238:
232:
220:
214:
208:
202:
196:
190:
184:
178:
172:
166:
160:
154:
5189:
On the structure and terminology of the Gaulish calendar
5039:
Un calendrier celtique: le calendrier gaulois de Coligny
4977:
La langue gauloise : grammaire, textes et glossaire
4514:
4872:
Thurneysen, Rudolf (1899). "Der Kalender von Coligny".
4835:
Theodor Mommsen (1864). Dickson, William Purdie (ed.).
4807:
4598:
4460:
A Definitive Reconstructed Text of the Coligny Calendar
2633:'inauspicious day'. Day 9a will end up having its
39:
is a bronze plaque with an inscribed calendar, made in
4694:(December 1926). "Le calendrier celtique de Coligny".
4569:
4352:
4158:
is also the Celtic word for "yew" â Rhys (1910), c.f.
3224:
the final triple marks of year 4 (after all exchanges)
4986:
Duval, Paul-Marie and Pinault, Georges (eds) (1986).
4650:
4648:
3557:
3512:
5011:
Laine-Kerjean, C. (1943). "Le calendrier celtique".
4838:
The Period Anterior to the Abolition of the Monarchy
2876:
2017:
the structure of a coligny month and its lunar phase
2889:(except EQVOS), months of 29 days were marked
2697:month (Rivros), and so on for 8 instances. Another
4845:
4678:The Gaulish Language: Grammar, texts, and glossary
4655:Duval, Paul-Marie; Pinault, Georges, eds. (1986).
4645:
4483:"The Coligny calendar as a Metonic lunar calendar"
4374:Russell, Paul; Arbuthnot, Sharon; Moran, PĂĄdraic.
2578:The notations are usually visually aligned on the
5037:Le Contel, Jean-Michel and Verdier, Paul (1997).
4812:eDIL: electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
4603:eDIL: electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
4574:eDIL: electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
4373:
4293:
3521:the notations IVOS, SINDIV IVOS, and TIOCOBRIXTIO
3109:refer to daylight hours and are in apposition to
2839:, have been used to help create the notations of
1960:
531:could mean half, so "half the course of the sun."
6454:
5191:, British Archaeological Reports British Series.
4291:
4289:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4121:âone is not a number, but numbers grow from itâ
2749:, a term interpreted as "festival". This run of
4865:
4834:
4590:
4527:
4454:
4452:
4406:
4404:
4402:
1980:
400:Delamarre suggests "month of ritual ablutions."
16:Calendar found in Coligny, Ain, France, in 1897
5034:. Chapter 9 is titled "Un calandrier gaulois".
5006:The pursuit of the Giolla Dacker and his horse
4119:unus non-est numerus sed ab eo crescunt numeri
3567:EXCHANGES: swapping notations between two days
2031:description of terms with a reconstruction.
5222:
4913:
4851:
4709:
4707:
4705:
4561:
4476:
4474:
4348:
4346:
4305:(2nd ed.). Paris, FR: Editions Errance.
4270:
4924:
4828:
4684:
4654:
4449:
4399:
4360:. Thesaurus Linguae Hibernicae. Dublin, IE:
4072:English translation by Bostock & Riley:
3614:EXCHANGES: dragging notations between months
3605:examples of the same and different day swaps
3546:
3125:the D AMB pattern (orange) for a lunar month
2785:, was swapped with DUM day 1 receiving
2741:Days 1â3 are marked with a sequence of
2551:'lucky day' because SAMONIOS is marked as a
421:Delamarre suggests a month of cold or winter
346:. Delamarre suggests "month of fumigations."
5004:Joyce, P.W. (2000). "Old Celtic Romances".
4663:
4423:
3116:
6427:
5229:
5215:
4871:
4736:
4702:
4619:
4505:
4471:
4343:
4246:
4045:The Latin text of the specific passage in
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
4902:
4777:
4319:
4297:
3070:Six months are marked in their header as
442:Delamarre suggests a month of invocations
47:, each year with twelve lunar months. An
5103:Découpage saisonnier de l'année celtique
5026:. Paris, Editions Errance. 2nd edition.
4961:. 2nd edition, Paris, Editions Errance.
4919:
4861:. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
4799:
4690:
4410:
3969:
3600:
3570:
3516:
3491:
3487:
3219:
3152:
3120:
2538:All days here were originally marked as
2503:
2012:
552:Possibly a month of horses or livestock.
499:is Old Irish for November, according to
140:
26:
18:
4930:
4755:
4429:
3966:The notations of the intercalary months
624:Delamarre suggests "month of chanting."
6455:
5008:. Wordsworth Editions Limited, London.
4680:]. Vol. 53. pp. 182â191.
4669:
4252:
3233:The notations PRINI LOUD and PRINI LAG
3074:âgood, auspiciousâ, and six months as
2025:
5210:
5202:The Gallic calendar â Lugdunum Museum
4742:
4713:
4625:
4480:
4325:
3974:days copied to the intercalary months
3238:the PRINI LOUD and PRINI LAG pattern
2859:
6498:Archaeological discoveries in France
5178:Zeitschrift fĂŒr celtische Philologie
5176:(1899). "Der Kalender von Coligny".
5013:Zeitschrift fĂŒr celtische Philologie
4934:The Journal of Indo-European Studies
4908:
4875:Zeitschrift fĂŒr celtische Philologie
4148:
3157:the base pattern of the triple marks
2575:'night' as they are added in turn.
2043:
116:Gallo-Roman Museum of Lyon-FourviĂšre
3148:
2881:Months of 30 days were marked
2706:The Day 2a(17) is marked with
59:It was found in 1897 in France, in
13:
5164:Proceedings of the British Academy
4988:Recueil des inscriptions gauloises
3558:Movement of notations between days
3513:The notations IVOS and SINDIV IVOS
633:
14:
6509:
5195:
4376:"Early Irish Glossaries Database"
4356:(c. 900). Stokes, Whitley (ed.).
3161:The triple marks are a series of
2877:MAT and ANM months and their days
2659:The name of the following month,
2532:, the 'month of SAMONIOS lucky'.
979:
136:
6437:
6436:
6426:
5162:(1910). "The Coligny Calendar".
5105:. privately published monograph.
5098:. privately published monograph.
2846:
6488:1897 archaeological discoveries
6473:Celtic archaeological artifacts
6289:English and British regnal year
4948:
4262:(PhD thesis). Toronto, Canada:
4189:
4180:
4171:
4139:
4124:
4112:
4102:
4093:
4080:
4039:
4029:
4020:
4005:
3619:examples of dragging notations
3089:, all days are initially given
2034:
493:, the Gaulish word for winter.
4237:
4208:
3988:
1961:A full cycle of 19 or 30 years
373:(stout, thick, fat) and Welsh
1:
5236:
4202:
3209:A third pattern adds another
1989:âfifteen-daysâ in Old Irish,
3982:
3536:festivals on the calendar.
3101:, a neutral day. The terms
1981:The start of the lunar month
7:
5041:. Paris, Editions Errance.
3532:There are also three other
275:
127:Musée d'Archéologie du Jura
10:
6514:
5096:About the Coligny Calendar
5022:Delamarre, Xavier (2003).
4997:Hitz, Hans-Rudolf (1991).
4994:. Paris, Editions du CNRS.
4225:"FlorilÚge des musées" du
3758:examples of dragging IVOS
2897:(except Intercalary One).
2508:Drawing of month 14 (
2153:PRIN LOVDIN
487:This name is derived from
269:
249:refers to winter (Gaulish
237:refers to summer (Gaulish
6468:2nd century in Roman Gaul
6422:
6363:
6227:
6181:
6170:
6140:
6097:
6032:
5835:
5781:
5748:
5342:
5331:
5270:
5244:
5187:Zavaroni, Adolfo (2007).
5122:Olmsted, Garrett (1992).
5080:, XLVIII, pp. 55â78.
4888:10.1515/zcph.1899.2.1.523
4430:Olmsted, Garrett (1992).
4362:University College Dublin
3575:the pairs of swapped days
3547:The notation TIOCOBRIXTIO
3250:
3245:
3242:
3082:run in 29/30 pairs.
2941:
2934:
2714:, and this term also has
2273:
2152:
2052:
684:
644:
272:
266:
263:
6483:2nd-century inscriptions
5073:, XLIV, pp. 91â118.
5066:, XLII, pp. 95â122.
4557:. University of Chicago.
4547:. University of Chicago.
4481:McKay, Helen T. (2016).
4458:Garrett Olmsted, (2001)
3643:MD SIMIVIS TIOCOBREXTIO
3590:of a neighbouring month.
3117:The notation D AMBRIX RI
2813:overwritten by a single
5357:Assamese (BhÄshkarÄbda)
5139:Ătudes indo-europĂ©ennes
5108:Monard, Joseph (1999).
5101:Monard, Joseph (1996).
5094:Monard, Joseph (1996).
4730:10.3406/ecelt.2018.2182
4499:10.3406/ecelt.2016.2471
4435:. Bonn, DE: R. Habelt.
4391:See Knowledge article:
4380:University of Cambridge
4227:Palais des Arts de Lyon
3665:MD SIMIVIS SINDIV IVOS
3132:, usually shortened to
2928:the MAT and ANM months
615:
598:
585:
564:
543:
527:
517:
494:
489:
478:
457:
433:
412:
391:
368:
358:
331:
315:
305:
251:
245:
239:
233:
221:
215:
209:
203:
197:
191:
185:
179:
173:
167:
161:
155:
102:. It was engraved on a
6388:Dungeons & Dragons
5794:Ethiopian and Eritrean
4233:, (1920<>1932).
3998:." â Delamarre (2003)
3975:
3606:
3576:
3522:
3497:
3225:
3158:
3126:
2685:sits in months marked
2528:The month begins with
2517:
2018:
374:
341:
319:is Gaulish for summer.
150:
32:
24:
6493:2nd-century artifacts
6400:The Lord of the Rings
6107:HankeâHenry Permanent
4626:McKay, Helen (2020).
4332:Archaeological Review
4264:University of Toronto
4253:Lehoux, D.R. (2000).
3973:
3604:
3574:
3520:
3495:
3488:The notation N INIS R
3223:
3156:
3124:
3085:For months marked as
2507:
2016:
367:Compare to Old Irish
243:,< *sáčHo-3) while
144:
30:
22:
6478:Gaulish inscriptions
5112:. Paris, Burillier.
4354:Cormac mac CuillenĂĄn
4220:Le bronze de Coligny
3496:the N INIS R pattern
2593:Next are occasional
6112:International Fixed
6050:Proleptic Gregorian
5671:Slavic Native Faith
5170:, pp. 207â318.
5127:. Bonn: R. Habelt.
4816:Royal Irish Academy
4696:Journal des savants
4607:Royal Irish Academy
4578:Royal Irish Academy
4545:The Natural History
4223:, in L. Rosenthal,
3759:
3620:
3239:
2929:
2807:, and now has that
2512:of year 2) by
2049:
2026:Full Reconstruction
78: /
6463:Specific calendars
5782:Christian variants
5184:, pp. 523â544
5174:Thurneysen, Rudolf
5156:, pp. 143â154
5059:, pp. 163â74.
5024:La langue gauloise
5019:, pp. 249â84.
4990:(R.I.G.), Vol. 3:
3976:
3757:
3618:
3607:
3577:
3523:
3498:
3475:month offset, and
3237:
3226:
3159:
3127:
2927:
2860:Numbering the days
2569:'unlucky day', or
2518:
2048:
2019:
573:Month of the stag.
151:
45:lunisolar calendar
33:
25:
6450:
6449:
6432:List of calendars
6359:
6358:
6058:historiographical
5925:French Republican
5831:
5830:
5589:Manipuri (Meitei)
4955:Delamarre, Xavier
4853:O'Rahilly, Cecile
4299:Delamarre, Xavier
3959:
3958:
3751:
3750:
3466:
3465:
3068:
3067:
2563:'day' (neutral),
2525:
2524:
2500:
2499:
1951:
1950:
962:
961:
631:
630:
502:Cormac's Glossary
340:Compare to Latin
227:intercalary month
49:intercalary month
6505:
6440:
6439:
6430:
6429:
6294:Human (Holocene)
6279:Chinese Imperial
6179:
6178:
6099:Reform proposals
6054:Proleptic Julian
5816:Eastern Orthodox
5446:Germanic heathen
5424:Earthly Branches
5340:
5339:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5208:
5207:
5145:, pp. 1â18.
5091:, pp. 1â67.
5078:Ătudes Celtiques
5071:Ătudes Celtiques
5064:Ătudes Celtiques
5053:Ătudes Celtiques
4943:
4942:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4911:
4910:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4869:
4863:
4862:
4858:Tain bo Cuailnge
4849:
4843:
4842:
4832:
4826:
4825:
4823:
4822:
4803:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4781:
4775:
4774:
4772:
4771:
4759:
4753:
4752:
4745:Ătudes celtiques
4740:
4734:
4733:
4717:Ătudes Celtiques
4711:
4700:
4699:
4688:
4682:
4681:
4667:
4661:
4660:
4652:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4638:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4594:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4565:
4559:
4558:
4551:"Original Latin"
4548:
4525:
4512:
4509:
4503:
4502:
4487:Ătudes celtiques
4478:
4469:
4456:
4447:
4446:
4427:
4421:
4420:
4408:
4397:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4350:
4341:
4339:
4328:"Wooing of Emer"
4323:
4317:
4316:
4295:
4268:
4267:
4261:
4250:
4244:
4241:
4235:
4212:
4197:
4193:
4187:
4184:
4178:
4175:
4169:
4152:
4146:
4143:
4137:
4128:
4122:
4116:
4110:
4106:
4100:
4097:
4091:
4084:
4078:
4043:
4037:
4033:
4027:
4024:
4018:
4009:
4003:
3992:
3952:
3938:
3924:
3910:
3896:
3882:
3863:
3849:
3835:
3821:
3807:
3793:
3760:
3756:
3621:
3617:
3240:
3236:
3215:TIT, ITT, or IIT
3167:Æıı, ıÆı, or ııÆ
3149:The triple marks
2930:
2926:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2901:
2895:
2894:
2887:
2886:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2761:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2712:
2711:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2672:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2654:
2653:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2623:
2622:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2530:M SAMON MAT
2449:
2433:
2417:
2362:
2346:
2330:
2301:
2277:
2263:
2247:
2231:
2176:
2098:
2081:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2044:
991:
990:
642:
618:
588:
567:
546:
530:
520:
492:
481:
469:Intercalary Two
460:
452:
436:
415:
394:
361:
334:
318:
308:
296:Intercalary One
283:
261:
260:
254:
248:
242:
236:
224:
218:
212:
206:
200:
194:
188:
182:
176:
170:
164:
158:
123:Villards-d'HĂ©ria
112:Gaulish language
93:
92:
90:
89:
88:
83:
82:46.383°N 5.350°E
79:
76:
75:
74:
71:
37:Coligny calendar
6513:
6512:
6508:
6507:
6506:
6504:
6503:
6502:
6453:
6452:
6451:
6446:
6418:
6355:
6309:Nirayana system
6235:Ab urbe condita
6223:
6175:
6173:
6166:
6145:
6143:
6136:
6093:
6044:anthropological
6028:
5827:
5811:Liturgical year
5777:
5744:
5336:
5334:
5327:
5266:
5240:
5235:
5198:
4979:(1920) no. 53,
4973:Dottin, Georges
4951:
4946:
4929:
4925:
4918:
4914:
4907:
4903:
4870:
4866:
4850:
4846:
4833:
4829:
4820:
4818:
4804:
4800:
4791:
4789:
4782:
4778:
4769:
4767:
4760:
4756:
4741:
4737:
4712:
4703:
4689:
4685:
4670:Dottin (1920).
4668:
4664:
4653:
4646:
4636:
4634:
4624:
4620:
4611:
4609:
4595:
4591:
4582:
4580:
4566:
4562:
4549:
4541:Riley, Henry T.
4529:Pliny the Elder
4526:
4515:
4510:
4506:
4479:
4472:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4428:
4424:
4409:
4400:
4390:
4384:
4382:
4372:
4366:
4364:
4358:"Sanas Cormaic"
4351:
4344:
4324:
4320:
4313:
4296:
4271:
4259:
4251:
4247:
4242:
4238:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4200:
4194:
4190:
4185:
4181:
4176:
4172:
4153:
4149:
4144:
4140:
4129:
4125:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4103:
4098:
4094:
4085:
4081:
4063:Natural History
4044:
4040:
4034:
4030:
4025:
4021:
4010:
4006:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3968:
3950:
3936:
3922:
3908:
3894:
3880:
3861:
3847:
3833:
3819:
3805:
3791:
3764:
3695:PRINI LAG EQVI
3681:MD TIOCOBREXTIO
3625:
3616:
3569:
3560:
3549:
3515:
3490:
3252:
3247:
3235:
3172:
3151:
3119:
3097:are given just
2943:
2936:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2862:
2849:
2841:Intercalary Two
2835:
2834:
2829:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2819:to end up with
2815:
2814:
2809:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2768:
2767:
2758:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2735:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2709:
2708:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2669:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2651:
2650:
2641:
2640:
2639:overwritten by
2635:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2620:
2619:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2598:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2558:
2553:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2526:
2447:
2431:
2415:
2360:
2344:
2328:
2299:
2275:
2261:
2245:
2229:
2174:
2096:
2079:
2054:
2037:
2028:
1983:
1963:
982:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
636:
634:The lunar month
466:Unknown meaning
450:
293:Unknown meaning
281:
276:Interpretation
139:
131:Lons-le-Saunier
86:
84:
80:
77:
72:
69:
67:
65:
64:
54:Celtic calendar
17:
12:
11:
5:
6511:
6501:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6448:
6447:
6445:
6444:
6434:
6423:
6420:
6419:
6417:
6416:
6404:
6392:
6380:
6367:
6365:
6361:
6360:
6357:
6356:
6354:
6353:
6348:
6347:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6284:Chinese Minguo
6281:
6276:
6274:Before Present
6271:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6242:
6237:
6231:
6229:
6225:
6224:
6222:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6185:
6183:
6176:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6165:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6148:
6146:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6103:
6101:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6080:
6079:
6071:
6070:
6069:
6061:
6060:
6059:
6047:
6046:
6045:
6036:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5968:
5967:
5962:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5866:
5865:
5860:
5850:
5845:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5832:
5829:
5828:
5826:
5825:
5820:
5819:
5818:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5796:
5791:
5785:
5783:
5779:
5778:
5776:
5775:
5774:
5773:
5771:Calendar round
5768:
5758:
5752:
5750:
5746:
5745:
5743:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5701:
5700:
5695:
5685:
5680:
5679:
5678:
5673:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5642:
5641:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5620:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5560:
5559:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5533:
5532:
5527:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5500:
5499:
5498:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5474:
5473:
5468:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5429:Heavenly Stems
5426:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5400:
5399:
5389:
5388:
5387:
5382:
5374:
5373:
5372:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5343:
5337:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5274:
5272:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5248:
5246:
5242:
5241:
5234:
5233:
5226:
5219:
5211:
5205:
5204:
5197:
5196:External links
5194:
5193:
5192:
5185:
5171:
5157:
5146:
5135:
5120:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5081:
5074:
5067:
5060:
5049:
5035:
5020:
5009:
5002:
4995:
4984:
4970:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4944:
4923:
4912:
4901:
4864:
4855:, ed. (1967).
4844:
4827:
4814:. Dublin, IE:
4798:
4776:
4754:
4735:
4701:
4683:
4662:
4644:
4618:
4605:. Dublin, IE:
4589:
4576:. Dublin, IE:
4560:
4513:
4504:
4470:
4448:
4441:
4422:
4398:
4342:
4326:Meyer (1888).
4318:
4311:
4269:
4245:
4236:
4231:Mairie de Lyon
4215:Charles Picard
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4188:
4179:
4170:
4147:
4138:
4136:
4135:
4123:
4111:
4101:
4092:
4086:cf. Old Irish
4079:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4038:
4028:
4019:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3967:
3964:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3947:
3943:
3942:
3939:
3933:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3919:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3883:
3877:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3851:
3850:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3830:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3808:
3802:
3799:
3795:
3794:
3788:
3785:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3749:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3704:
3703:MD SINDIV IVOS
3701:
3697:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3615:
3612:
3599:
3598:
3591:
3584:
3568:
3565:
3559:
3556:
3548:
3545:
3514:
3511:
3489:
3486:
3477:PRINI LAG
3464:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3412:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3377:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3253:PRINI LAG day
3249:
3248:PRINI LOUD day
3244:
3234:
3231:
3150:
3147:
3118:
3115:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2938:
2933:
2917:and Old Irish
2878:
2875:
2861:
2858:
2848:
2845:
2827:. This single
2799:added to give
2523:
2522:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2358:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2007:
2006:
1982:
1979:
1962:
1959:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
981:
980:The solar year
978:
960:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
878:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
796:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
724:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
635:
632:
629:
628:
625:
622:
619:
612:
608:
607:
604:
603:(fire, "heat).
592:
589:
582:
578:
577:
574:
571:
568:
561:
557:
556:
553:
550:
547:
540:
536:
535:
532:
524:
521:
514:
510:
509:
506:
485:
482:
475:
471:
470:
467:
464:
461:
454:
447:
446:
443:
440:
437:
430:
426:
425:
422:
419:
416:
409:
405:
404:
401:
398:
395:
388:
384:
383:
380:
365:
362:
355:
351:
350:
347:
338:
335:
328:
324:
323:
320:
312:
309:
302:
298:
297:
294:
291:
288:
285:
278:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
149:(year 1).
138:
137:List of months
135:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6510:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6460:
6458:
6443:
6435:
6433:
6425:
6424:
6421:
6414:
6413:
6408:
6405:
6402:
6401:
6396:
6393:
6390:
6389:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6377:
6372:
6369:
6368:
6366:
6362:
6352:
6349:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6326:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6259:Anno Martyrum
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6232:
6230:
6226:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6180:
6177:
6174:and numbering
6169:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6139:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6104:
6102:
6100:
6096:
6090:
6089:'Pataphysical
6087:
6085:
6082:
6077:
6076:
6075:
6072:
6067:
6066:
6065:
6062:
6057:
6056:
6055:
6051:
6048:
6043:
6042:
6041:
6038:
6037:
6035:
6031:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6004:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5858:TĆnalpĆhualli
5856:
5855:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5840:
5838:
5834:
5824:
5821:
5817:
5814:
5813:
5812:
5809:
5805:
5802:
5801:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5786:
5784:
5780:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5763:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5751:
5747:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5690:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5612:Vikram Samvat
5610:
5608:
5605:
5604:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5558:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5521:
5518:
5513:
5512:
5511:
5508:
5504:
5501:
5496:
5495:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5466:Vikram Samvat
5464:
5463:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5393:
5390:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5370:
5369:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5341:
5338:
5330:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5249:
5247:
5243:
5239:
5232:
5227:
5225:
5220:
5218:
5213:
5212:
5209:
5203:
5200:
5199:
5190:
5186:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5158:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5144:
5140:
5136:
5134:
5133:3-7749-2530-5
5130:
5126:
5121:
5119:
5118:2-912616-01-8
5115:
5111:
5107:
5104:
5100:
5097:
5093:
5090:
5086:
5082:
5079:
5075:
5072:
5068:
5065:
5061:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5048:
5047:2-87772-136-1
5044:
5040:
5036:
5033:
5032:2-87772-224-4
5029:
5025:
5021:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5003:
5000:
4996:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4968:
4967:2-87772-237-6
4964:
4960:
4956:
4953:
4952:
4940:
4936:
4935:
4927:
4916:
4905:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4876:
4868:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4848:
4840:
4839:
4831:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4802:
4787:
4780:
4765:
4758:
4750:
4746:
4739:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4718:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4697:
4693:
4687:
4679:
4675:
4674:
4666:
4658:
4651:
4649:
4633:
4629:
4622:
4608:
4604:
4600:
4593:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4564:
4556:
4552:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4537:Bostock, John
4534:
4530:
4524:
4522:
4520:
4518:
4511:Ricci (1898)
4508:
4500:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4477:
4475:
4468:
4467:9780941694780
4464:
4461:
4455:
4453:
4444:
4442:3-7749-2530-5
4438:
4434:
4426:
4418:
4414:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4396:
4395:
4394:Sanas Cormaic
4381:
4377:
4363:
4359:
4355:
4349:
4347:
4337:
4333:
4329:
4322:
4314:
4312:2-87772-237-6
4308:
4304:
4300:
4294:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4265:
4258:
4257:
4249:
4240:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4222:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4207:
4192:
4183:
4174:
4167:
4166:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4142:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4120:
4115:
4105:
4096:
4089:
4083:
4074:
4073:
4064:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4042:
4032:
4023:
4015:
4008:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3991:
3987:
3980:
3972:
3963:
3954:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3912:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3770:
3767:
3762:
3761:
3755:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3653:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3642:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3623:
3622:
3611:
3603:
3596:
3595:different day
3592:
3589:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3573:
3564:
3555:
3553:
3544:
3542:
3537:
3535:
3530:
3528:
3519:
3510:
3508:
3503:
3494:
3485:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3471:has the same
3470:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3241:
3230:
3222:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3155:
3146:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3123:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2939:
2932:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2896:
2888:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2857:
2853:
2847:The Notations
2844:
2842:
2836:D DUMANI IVOS
2826:
2823:N DUMANI IVOS
2806:
2803:D DUMANI IVOS
2792:
2784:
2772:
2763:
2748:
2739:
2721:
2713:
2704:
2684:
2677:The notation
2675:
2666:
2657:
2655:
2648:The notation
2646:
2632:
2624:
2615:
2596:
2591:
2576:
2550:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2521:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1958:
1954:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:
993:
992:
989:
986:
977:
973:
969:
966:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
879:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
797:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
725:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
643:
640:
626:
623:
620:
617:
613:
610:
609:
605:
602:
601:
597:
594:Compare with
593:
590:
587:
583:
580:
579:
575:
572:
569:
566:
562:
559:
558:
554:
551:
548:
545:
541:
538:
537:
533:
529:
525:
522:
519:
518:Simivisonnios
515:
512:
511:
507:
504:
503:
498:
497:
491:
486:
483:
480:
476:
473:
472:
468:
465:
462:
459:
455:
449:
448:
444:
441:
438:
435:
431:
428:
427:
423:
420:
417:
414:
410:
407:
406:
402:
399:
396:
393:
389:
386:
385:
381:
378:
377:
372:
371:
366:
363:
360:
356:
353:
352:
348:
345:
344:
339:
336:
333:
329:
326:
325:
321:
317:
313:
310:
307:
303:
300:
299:
295:
292:
289:
286:
280:
279:
262:
259:
256:
253:
247:
246:Mid Giamonios
241:
235:
230:
228:
223:
217:
211:
205:
199:
198:Simivisonnios
193:
187:
181:
175:
169:
163:
157:
148:
143:
134:
132:
128:
124:
119:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
91:
87:46.383; 5.350
62:
57:
55:
50:
46:
42:
38:
29:
21:
6410:
6398:
6395:Middle-earth
6386:
6374:
6144:applications
6142:Displays and
6052: /
6033:By specialty
6002:
5904:
5863:XiuhpĆhualli
5761:Mesoamerican
5607:Nepal Sambat
5278:Astronomical
5188:
5181:
5177:
5167:
5163:
5153:
5149:
5142:
5138:
5123:
5109:
5102:
5095:
5088:
5084:
5077:
5070:
5063:
5056:
5052:
5038:
5023:
5016:
5012:
5005:
4998:
4991:
4987:
4976:
4958:
4949:Bibliography
4938:
4932:
4926:
4915:
4904:
4879:
4873:
4867:
4857:
4847:
4837:
4830:
4819:. Retrieved
4811:
4801:
4790:. Retrieved
4779:
4768:. Retrieved
4757:
4748:
4744:
4738:
4721:
4715:
4695:
4692:de Ricci, S.
4686:
4677:
4672:
4665:
4656:
4635:. Retrieved
4632:academia.edu
4631:
4621:
4610:. Retrieved
4602:
4599:"cĂłicthiges"
4592:
4581:. Retrieved
4573:
4563:
4554:
4544:
4507:
4490:
4486:
4459:
4431:
4425:
4416:
4412:
4392:
4383:. Retrieved
4365:. Retrieved
4335:
4331:
4321:
4302:
4255:
4248:
4239:
4224:
4218:
4210:
4191:
4182:
4173:
4163:
4155:
4150:
4141:
4126:
4118:
4114:
4109:Day 21.
4104:
4095:
4087:
4082:
4062:
4053:
4041:
4031:
4022:
4013:
4007:
3995:
3990:
3977:
3960:
3752:
3608:
3594:
3587:
3578:
3561:
3552:TIOCOBRIXTIO
3551:
3550:
3540:
3538:
3533:
3531:
3526:
3524:
3506:
3501:
3499:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3467:
3227:
3214:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3189:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3166:
3160:
3142:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3128:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3084:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3069:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2890:
2882:
2880:
2869:
2865:
2863:
2854:
2850:
2843:day 1.
2840:
2820:
2800:
2786:
2774:
2766:
2764:
2742:
2740:
2715:
2707:
2705:
2678:
2676:
2660:
2658:
2649:
2647:
2626:
2618:
2616:
2597:of the form
2595:triple-marks
2594:
2592:
2577:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2529:
2527:
2519:
2509:
2307:TRINVX SAMO
2274:
2053:
2038:
2035:Sample month
2029:
2020:
2008:
1996:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1975:
1968:
1964:
1955:
1952:
987:
983:
974:
970:
967:
963:
637:
500:
257:
234:Mid Samonios
231:
152:
146:
126:
120:
61:Coligny, Ain
58:
36:
34:
6245:Anno Domini
6214:Regnal year
6209:Regnal name
6182:Terminology
6172:Year naming
6127:Symmetry454
5977:Pentecontad
5900:CulÄsakaraj
5885:Cappadocian
5617:Yele Sambat
5503:Zoroastrian
5397:Bangladeshi
5335:limited use
5313:Solar Hijri
5308:Lunar Hijri
5271:In wide use
5125:development
4981:pp. 172â207
4882:: 523â544.
4433:development
3654:MD SIMIVIS
3541:SINDIV IVOS
3251:ANM months
3246:MAT months
3130:D AMBRIX RI
2868:. The term
2718:SINDIV IVOS
2710:TRINVX SAMO
2700:PRINNI LOUD
2681:PRINNI LOUD
2071:DVMAN IVOS
85: /
6457:Categories
6351:Vietnamese
6264:Anno Mundi
6254:Anno Lucis
6249:Common Era
6152:Electronic
6122:Positivist
6084:Discordian
6074:Dreamspell
6009:Sexagenary
5950:Macedonian
5920:Florentine
5870:Babylonian
5836:Historical
5766:Long Count
5720:Vietnamese
5676:Macedonian
5639:Nanakshahi
5569:Lithuanian
5439:Solar term
5160:Rhys, John
4821:2023-02-28
4792:2023-02-28
4770:2023-02-28
4724:: 91â118.
4698:: 448â449.
4612:2023-02-28
4583:2023-02-28
4570:"athnugud"
4493:: 95â121.
4385:2014-03-07
4367:2014-03-07
4203:References
3771:post-drag
3632:post-drag
3469:PRINI LOUD
3138:D AMB
3134:D AMB
2942:GIAMONIOS
1987:cĂłicthiges
565:Elembivios
273:Etymology
210:Elembivios
174:Anagantios
145:Detail of
108:Roman feet
41:Roman Gaul
6412:Star Trek
6376:Discworld
6371:Discworld
6364:Fictional
6240:Anka year
6219:Year zero
6199:Leap year
6157:Perpetual
5880:Byzantine
5599:Mongolian
5579:Malayalam
5323:Unix time
5298:Gregorian
5293:Ethiopian
5257:Lunisolar
5238:Calendars
4896:188129133
4090:"renewal"
4061:â Pliny,
3983:Footnotes
3904:CUTIOS 30
3890:CUTIOS 29
3876:CUTIOS 28
3765:month/day
3733:PRINI LAG
3700:SIMIVIS 9
3689:SIMIVIS 8
3678:SIMIVIS 7
3640:PRINI LAG
3626:month/day
3539:The term
3525:The term
3500:The term
3479:the same
2935:SAMONIOS
2866:DIVERTOMU
2793:, had an
2663:DVM(ANNI)
2496:AMB IVOS
2469:AMB IVOS
2439:AMB IVOS
596:Old Irish
479:Giamonios
392:Anagantio
332:Dumannios
192:Giamonios
162:Dumannios
6442:Category
6407:Stardate
6383:Greyhawk
6314:Seleucid
6299:Japanese
6269:Assyrian
6204:New Year
6040:Holocene
5992:Rapa Nui
5965:TzolkÊŒin
5930:Germanic
5910:Egyptian
5646:Romanian
5624:Nisg̱a'a
5584:Mandaean
5574:Maithili
5547:Javanese
5542:Japanese
5497:medieval
5451:Georgian
5362:Assyrian
5352:Armenian
5283:Buddhist
4957:(2003).
4751:: 55â78.
4637:March 1,
4555:penelope
4543:(eds.).
4531:(1855).
4301:(2003).
4229:, p. 9,
4088:athnugud
4055:dimidia.
3927:MD SIMI
3921:MD SIMI
3854:CUTIOS 3
3840:CUTIOS 2
3826:CUTIOS 1
3818:D AMB
3812:OGRON 30
3798:OGRON 29
3784:OGRON 28
3768:pre-drag
3747:D ELEMB
3736:D ELEMB
3725:D ELEMB
3662:N INIS R
3629:pre-drag
3588:same day
3502:N INIS R
3103:M D
3091:M D
2789:D DUMANI
2731:SAMONIOS
2652:N INIS R
2642:N INIS R
2514:de Ricci
2510:Samonios
2104:DVM IVO
1005:cycle 4
627:AprâMay
606:MarâApr
586:Edrinios
576:FebâMar
555:JanâFeb
549:29 or 30
534:DecâJan
508:NovâDec
445:OctâNov
424:SepâOct
413:Ogronios
403:AugâSep
382:JulâAug
349:JunâJul
322:MayâJun
306:Samonios
216:Edrinios
180:Ogronios
156:Samonios
147:Samonios
6339:Dvapara
6319:Spanish
6228:Systems
6078:New Age
6068:Martian
6024:Turkmen
6019:Swedish
5905:Coligny
5843:Arabian
5804:Revised
5710:Tripuri
5705:Tibetan
5661:Sesotho
5634:Punjabi
5594:Melanau
5564:Kurdish
5530:Tabular
5520:Islamic
5488:Iranian
5419:Chinese
5414:Burmese
5392:Bengali
5380:Pawukon
5333:In more
5288:Chinese
5245:Systems
4419:: 1â67.
3763:YEAR 1
3741:EQUOS 9
3730:EQUOS 8
3719:EQUOS 7
3706:D EQVI
3684:D EQVI
3624:YEAR 1
2944:season
2923:ni-mad.
2906:ANM(AT)
2893:ANM(AT)
2870:ATENOVX
2474:â XIIII
2407:INIS R
2399:â VIIII
2394:INIS R
2276:ATENOUX
2242:â XIIII
2171:â VIIII
2055:M SAMON
1002:cycle 3
999:cycle 2
996:cycle 1
616:Cantlos
458:antaran
287:Unknown
222:Cantlos
94:, near
70:46°23âČN
6304:Korean
6064:Darian
6014:Soviet
5987:Qumran
5972:Muisca
5890:Celtic
5875:Bulgar
5823:Saints
5799:Julian
5789:Coptic
5735:Yoruba
5666:Slavic
5656:Somali
5603:Nepal
5552:Korean
5514:Gaelic
5493:Jalali
5456:Hebrew
5434:Minguo
5409:Borana
5404:Berber
5367:BahĂĄÊŒĂ
5131:
5116:
5045:
5030:
4965:
4941:: 296.
4894:
4465:
4439:
4309:
3996:giamo-
3946:GIAM 3
3932:GIAM 2
3918:GIAM 1
3913:D AMB
3907:D AMB
3885:D AMB
3879:D AMB
3790:D AMB
3744:D EQVI
3659:GIAM 9
3648:GIAM 8
3637:GIAM 7
2937:season
2778:
2725:TRINVX
2670:SAMONI
2625:
2611:PRINNI
2520:
2461:â XIII
2386:â VIII
2325:â IIII
2291:DVMAN
2226:â XIII
2158:â VIII
2109:â IIII
1991:coicĂs
496:mi gam
490:giamos
434:Cutios
359:Rivros
252:giamo-
219:, and
186:Cutios
168:Rivros
104:bronze
73:5°21âČE
6334:Treta
6329:Satya
6324:Yugas
6194:Epoch
6132:World
5997:Roman
5982:Pisan
5960:Haabʌ
5940:Hindu
5935:Greek
5915:Enoch
5853:Aztec
5848:Attic
5756:Runic
5749:Types
5730:Xhosa
5725:Wicca
5698:solar
5693:lunar
5683:Tamil
5651:Shona
5557:Juche
5525:Fasli
5510:Irish
5478:Hmong
5461:Hindu
5376:Bali
5371:BadĂâ
5303:Hindu
5262:Solar
5252:Lunar
4892:S2CID
4808:"mad"
4676:[
4535:. In
4260:(PDF)
4065:16.95
4047:Pliny
4014:Equos
3815:D AMB
3787:D AMB
3243:month
3176:PRINI
3163:ogham
3143:ANMAT
2915:anfad
2728:) of
2636:D AMB
2566:D AMB
2483:IVOS
2456:IVOS
2444:â XII
2373:â VII
2312:â III
2213:â XII
2148:â VII
2093:â III
2088:IVOS
2076:â II
2063:â I
1998:Pliny
1970:Pliny
1513:int2
1074:int1
544:Equos
370:remor
343:fƫmus
316:Samo-
267:Name
264:Value
240:samo-
204:Equos
100:Lugus
6344:Kali
6162:Wall
6003:Rumi
5955:Maya
5945:Inca
5895:Cham
5740:Zulu
5715:Tulu
5688:Thai
5629:Odia
5537:Jain
5483:Igbo
5471:Saka
5385:Saka
5347:Akan
5154:XIII
5150:Ogam
5129:ISBN
5114:ISBN
5085:Ăriu
5043:ISBN
5028:ISBN
4963:ISBN
4722:XLIV
4639:2023
4463:ISBN
4437:ISBN
4413:Ăriu
4340:>
4307:ISBN
4165:Ä«waz
4156:ivos
4052:...
3951:IVOS
3937:IVOS
3923:IVOS
3909:IVOS
3895:IVOS
3881:IVOS
3862:IVOS
3848:IVOS
3834:IVOS
3820:IVOS
3806:IVOS
3792:IVOS
3534:IVOS
3527:IVOS
3507:IVOS
3202:.
3196:DSNS
3194:and
3192:NSDS
3105:and
3064:CAN
3044:EDR
3024:ELE
3004:EQU
2984:SIM
2964:GIA
2921:and
2913:and
2903:and
2796:IVOS
2759:IVOS
2752:IVOS
2745:IVOS
2488:â XV
2428:â XI
2381:AMB
2357:â VI
2352:AMB
2320:AMB
2296:â II
2258:â XV
2208:AMB
2200:â XI
2166:DVM
2135:â VI
2130:AMB
1887:CAN
1822:AED
1757:ELE
1692:EQU
1627:SIM
1562:GIA
1448:CUT
1383:OGR
1318:ANA
1253:RIU
1188:DUM
1123:SAM
958:62.
956:Can
951:Sim
946:Ana
941:Can
936:Sim
931:Ana
926:Can
921:Sim
916:Qut
911:Dum
906:Ele
901:Qut
896:Dum
891:Ele
886:Qut
881:Dum
876:61.
874:Aed
869:Gia
864:Riu
859:Aed
854:Gia
849:Riu
844:Aed
839:Gia
834:Ogr
829:Sam
824:Equ
819:Ogr
814:Sam
809:Equ
804:Ogr
799:Sam
794:60.
792:Ele
787:Qut
782:Dum
777:Ele
772:Qut
767:Dum
762:Ele
757:Ana
752:Can
747:Sim
742:Ana
737:Can
732:Sim
727:Ana
722:59.
720:Equ
715:Ogr
710:Sam
705:Equ
700:Ogr
695:Sam
690:Equ
685:IC2
680:Riu
675:Aed
670:Gia
665:Riu
660:Aed
655:Gia
650:Riu
645:IC1
528:Simi
376:rhef
270:Days
118:.
96:Lyon
35:The
6189:Era
6117:Pax
5318:ISO
4884:doi
4726:doi
4495:doi
4160:Ivo
4049:is
4036:is.
3949:MD
3935:MD
3899:MD
3893:MD
3860:MD
3846:MD
3832:MD
3804:MD
3481:ANM
3473:MAT
3453:CAN
3436:AED
3418:ELE
3400:EQU
3383:SIM
3365:GIA
3348:CUT
3331:OGR
3314:ANA
3296:RIV
3279:DUM
3261:SAM
3217:.
3211:IIT
3184:ANM
3182:or
3180:MAT
3095:ANM
3087:MAT
3080:not
3076:ANM
3072:MAT
3061:anm
3055:CVT
3052:mat
3041:mat
3035:OGR
3032:mat
3021:anm
3015:ANA
3012:anm
3001:anm
2995:RIV
2992:mat
2981:mat
2975:DUM
2972:anm
2961:anm
2955:SAM
2952:mat
2919:mad
2911:mad
2900:MAT
2885:MAT
2781:M D
2776:Æıı
2736:Æıı
2694:MAT
2688:MAT
2629:AMB
2606:ııÆ
2604:or
2602:ıÆı
2599:Æıı
2584:or
2554:MAT
2448:ııÆ
2432:ıÆı
2416:Æıı
2412:â X
2361:ııÆ
2345:ıÆı
2341:â V
2329:Æıı
2300:ııÆ
2283:â I
2262:ııÆ
2246:ıÆı
2230:Æıı
2187:â X
2175:ııÆ
2122:â V
2097:Æıı
2080:ıÆı
2057:MAT
1947:29
1882:30
1817:29
1752:30
1687:30
1622:29
1508:30
1443:30
1378:29
1313:30
1248:29
1183:30
1069:y5
953:58.
948:54.
943:50.
938:46.
933:42.
928:38.
923:34.
918:31.
913:27.
908:23.
903:19.
898:15.
893:11.
871:57.
866:53.
861:49.
856:45.
851:41.
846:37.
841:33.
836:30.
831:26.
826:22.
821:18.
816:14.
811:10.
789:56.
784:52.
779:48.
774:44.
769:40.
764:36.
759:29.
754:25.
749:21.
744:17.
739:13.
717:55.
712:51.
707:47.
702:43.
697:39.
692:35.
687:32.
682:28.
677:24.
672:20.
667:16.
662:12.
600:ĂĄed
129:at
56:.
6459::
5180:,
5166:,
5152:,
5143:13
5141:,
5087:,
5057:27
5055:,
5017:23
5015:,
4975:,
4939:16
4937:.
4890:.
4878:.
4810:.
4749:53
4747:.
4720:.
4704:^
4647:^
4630:.
4601:.
4572:.
4553:.
4539:;
4516:^
4491:42
4489:.
4485:.
4473:^
4451:^
4415:.
4401:^
4378:.
4345:^
4334:.
4330:.
4272:^
4217:,
4162:,
3955:D
3941:D
3857:MD
3843:MD
3829:MD
3801:MD
3692:MD
3450:12
3433:11
3428:9
3415:10
3410:8
3375:7
3323:6
3288:5
3058:12
3038:11
3018:10
2762:.
2645:.
1944:29
1941:29
1938:29
1935:29
1932:29
1929:29
1926:29
1923:29
1920:29
1917:29
1914:29
1911:29
1908:29
1905:29
1902:29
1899:29
1896:29
1893:29
1879:30
1876:30
1873:30
1870:30
1867:30
1864:30
1861:30
1858:30
1855:30
1852:30
1849:30
1846:30
1843:30
1840:30
1837:30
1834:30
1831:30
1828:30
1814:29
1811:29
1808:29
1805:29
1802:29
1799:29
1796:29
1793:29
1790:29
1787:29
1784:29
1781:29
1778:29
1775:29
1772:29
1769:29
1766:29
1763:29
1749:29
1746:29
1743:29
1740:30
1737:30
1734:29
1731:29
1728:29
1725:30
1722:30
1719:29
1716:29
1713:29
1710:30
1707:30
1704:29
1701:29
1698:29
1684:30
1681:30
1678:30
1675:30
1672:30
1669:30
1666:30
1663:30
1660:30
1657:30
1654:30
1651:30
1648:30
1645:30
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