27:
338:
Materials for the boards were prepared in the Office of the collegium, and were then transferred to the
General Presence, where they were discussed and adopted by a majority of the votes. Issues on which the collegium failed to make a decision were referred to the Senate, the only institution to
291:
rules for the collegium. Each collegium was to be consisted of advisers and assessors, and headed by presidents and vice-presidents. The decisions of the collegium need to be debated on, received majority approval, and signed by all members present. Peter I paid special attention to this form of
307:
Vice
President: Assistant of the president in performing duties of the collegium, and could stand in for the president during the latter's absence. Appointed by the Governing Senate.
436:[Justice Collegium of Livonian, Estonian and Finnish Affairs and the State System of the Russian Empire at the Beginning of the 19th Century (Historical and Legal Aspect)].
304:
President: Head of a collegium, but could not make decisions without the consent of the other members. Appointed by the
Governing Senate with consent from the Tsar.
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decision-making, noting that “every better arrangement happens through councils” (Chapter 2 of the
General Regulations “On the advantage of colleges”).
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Meeting were held daily, exceot for
Sundays and public holidays. they started at 6 A.M. or 8 A.M. depending on the season, and usually lasted 5 hours.
434:"Юстиц-коллегия Лифляндских, Эстляндских и Финляндских дел и государственная система Российской империи в начале XIX века (Историко-правовой аспект)"
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The activities of the collegiums were determined by the
General Regulations, which was approved by Peter I on February 28 (March 10 on
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Systematic separation of departments, in order to avoid overlapping/omission of certain governmental duties under the Prikaz system;
571:
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in 1711, the Tsar Peter I sought to make more reforms on the imperial government bodies. He planned to replace the
260:, the number of collegiums was sharply reduced, and their functions were transferred to provincial institutions.
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404:
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Formalized the 1718 special collegium into the
Judicial Collegium of Livonian and Estonian Affairs (
543:[СЕНАТ • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия] (in Russian). Archived from
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407:[Accession of the Baltic States to Russia, Estonia and Livonia as part of Russia].
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81:. In 1802, the Collegium was incorporated into and gradually replaced by the newly created
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168:, as well as a special collegium to administer the newly acquired territories along the
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511:[GENERAL REGULATIONS 1720 • Great Russian encyclopedia - electronic version].
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and a number of German states. In 1717, Collegium was introduced based on the
Swedish
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486:[SAVINGS OF THE COLLEGE • Great Russian encyclopedia - electronic version].
509:"ГЕНЕРАЛЬНЫЙ РЕГЛАМЕНТ 1720 • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия"
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405:"Присоединение Прибалтики к России, Эстляндия и Лифляндия в составе России"
484:"ЭКОНОМИИ КОЛЛЕГИИ • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия"
378:[COLLEGIUM • Great Russian encyclopedia - electronic version].
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with a new type of government agency, based on two new principles:
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1780s - As a result of the local government reform carried out by
376:"КОЛЛЕГИИ • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия"
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Similar form of central government institutions were adopted in
57:'joined by law') was a type of government department in
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541:"СЕНАТ • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия"
183:), which, among other things, made the following changes:
205:), which served as a court of appeal for all magistrates.
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1726 - Establishment of the
Collegium of Economics (
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1717 - Establishment of the 8 following
Collegiums:
245:1763 - Establishment of the Collgium of Medicine (
300:Each collegium consisted of the following staff:
563:
175:1720 - Publication of the General Regulations (
16:Type of government department in Russian Empire
287:The General Regulations instituted a set of
265:Manifesto on the Establishment of Ministries
192:Юстиц-коллегия Лифляндских и Эстляндских дел
339:which the collegiums were subordinate to.
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108:Advisory procedure for resolving cases.
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572:1717 establishments in Russia
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515:(in Russian). Archived from
461:[Chief Magistrate].
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147:Collegium of Commerce
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251:Медицинская коллегия
214:Collegium of Estates
143:Collegium of Justice
83:system of Ministries
19:For other uses, see
459:"Главный магистрат"
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225:Collegium of Mining
219:1722 - Division of
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419:2023-06-05
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355:References
310:4 advisers
284:), 1720.
170:Baltic Sea
513:bigenc.ru
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124:History
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44:Russian
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331:Clerks
157:, and
114:Sweden
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89:Origin
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38:The
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