161:
849:. In total, they own a checkerboard of approximately 15,000 acres (61 km) in and around the original 1.1 million acre Coast Indian Reservation, established Nov 9, 1855 – which was quickly whittled down, and the tribe terminated by act of Congress in 1956. The Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians became the second tribe terminated by an act of Congress to regain federal recognition by passage of the Siletz Restoration Act Nov 18, 1977.
36:
173:
639:. The Siletz Reservation was reduced by around 3/4 its area (approximately 900,000 acres) in 1865 and 1875 in violation of treaties. In 1894, 551 individuals received federal allotments from the remaining reservation, and tribal members were forced to cede the "surplus" for 74 cents an acre. By 1912, restrictions on inheriting lands within families led to more than one half of the Siletz allotments being owned by non-Indians.
911:
733:
948:
662:. The proceeds of the sale of the timberland property were distributed to enrolled tribal members in two installments: $ 250 per person in December 1954, and a final payment of $ 542.50 per person in August 1956. Other inherited allotments were held in trusts but were also sold off at the request of the owners.
1246:
the language has since been at least partially revived thanks to an on-line dictionary project; in some areas, "many now text each other in Siletz Dee-ni." The tribe has a language revival program with classes in three area offices and Siletz Valley school. As of 2020, a number of younger conversant
685:
introduced restoration bill S. 2801. At the time
Senator Hatfield presented his restoration bill he was quoted as saying that the Siletz People were "ill-prepared to cope with the realities of American society" when the Termination act went to effect and that they had been "tossed abruptly from a
1273:
Mary "Dolly" Fisher, activist to restore federal recognition of the
Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians from 1974. She won the Nanwood Honeyman Award for significant contribution to the advancement of women in Oregon. She won The National Congress of American Indians award, honoring Indian and
670:
During the 1960s, several members of the Siletz tribe began to organize and restore common bonds. Their initiatives included the restoration of the tribal cemetery on
Government Hill and aggressive lobbying of Congress and the office of the President to again recognize Siletz as a federal Native
864:
hotels in 2004), the oceanfront Lot 57 north of
Chinook Winds Casino, Hee Hee Illahee RV park in Salem, the Logan Road RV Park, the Salem Flex Building where the Salem Area Offices currently exist, the Portland Stark Building which was purchased in August 2007, which is the site of the tribe's
989:
Finding records of the ethnic and cultural history of the
Confederated Tribes of Siletz is somewhat difficult. A partial attempt at the tribal population makeup before it was forced on reservation lands in the mid-19th century is as follows:
882:
The tribe is gradually accumulating additional property into the reservation, as part of its
Comprehensive Plan. This includes 3,851 acres (15.58 km) entrusted to the tribe in 2007 by the state and federal governments as part of the
894:
The tribal government is attempting to get its 1850's treaties with the United States recognized by referencing them in the tribe's constitution, and also by mentioning the treaties in a work by
Charles Wilkinson, who was hired by the
918:
The current Tribal
Council includes Chairman Delores Pigsley, Vice Chairman Bud Lane, Secretary Sharon Edenfield, Treasurer Robert Kentta, Reggie Butler, Sr., Lillie Butler, Loraine Butler, Angela Ramirez and Selene Rilatos.
631:, which later became known as the Siletz Reservation, where they were to form a single unified tribe. The Coast Reservation originally comprised 1.1 million acres, which was established by the executive order of President
686:
state of almost total dependency to a state of total independence ... to leave the only way of life they had known." The bill included wording to grant or restore hunting and fishing rights. This bill also did not pass.
693:
introduced a new bill, S. 1560, in the month of May 1977. Unlike its 1975 predecessor, it did not include that the hunting or fishing rights be restored (although a companion bill was sent by
818:
The
Confederated Tribes have 5,600 enrolled members, 70% of whom live in Oregon and only 8% of whom live near on the 3,900-acre (16 km) reservation. An additional 6% live in the town of
478:, including all Athabaskan bands from southwestern Oregon (bands of Rogue River Athabaskan peoples, Chetco people, Tolowa people and Upper Umpqua (Etnemitane) people), such as the following:
868:
The tribe also owns and runs the Siletz
Community Health Clinic. A $ 7.5 million plan is underway to expand the clinic. $ 2 million of the funding will come from the Federal government's
865:
Portland Area Office, the Eugene Elks building which houses the Eugene Area Office, the Siletz Gas & Mini Mart, the old Toledo Mill site, and a commercial building in Depoe Bay.
809:
December 6, 2016 S.817 Bill Passed in U.S. House of Representatives. Real Property located within the original Siletz Reservation boundaries lines is now deemed "on reservation."
1242:, Siletz Dee-ni is the last of many tribal languages spoken on the reservation. In 2007 only one living fluent speaker remained. However, according to a later report in
934:
Artifacts and historical documents are stored and displayed at the Siletz Tribal Cultural Center, located on Government Hill, under the care of Cultural Programs Staff.
1900:
872:
Small Ambulatory Grant funding. The clinic is currently 15,000 square feet (1,400 m) but will grow to 45,000 square feet (4,200 m) between 2006-2016.
1803:
53:
318:
like a rope or a snake, describing the route of the river winding through the mountains circuitously to the ocean. The confederation includes remnants of the
1337:
969:
In recent years a new tradition has been started. During the winter solstice, dancers, singers, and tribal members from the Confederated Tribes visit the
1293:
1239:
759:, voted 148 to 134 to give back to the tribe approximately 36 acres (150,000 m) of former tribal land, which was originally the site of the old
17:
776:
In 1995, the first "Run to the Rogue" took place, in which tribal members took turns carrying an eagle flag staff from Government Hill in Siletz to
766:
In 1980, the Siletz Reservation Act was signed into law, returning about 3,660 acres to the Siletz Tribe as its initial restored Siletz Reservation.
100:
72:
1885:
1283:
Delores Ann (Lane) Pigsley, one of the longest serving Tribal leaders in the United States as of 2020, still serving as Siletz Tribal Chairman.
741:
On November 18, 1977, the Confederated Tribes became the second tribe in the U.S. to have its federal status restored, and returned to being a
1890:
79:
1510:
1366:
1872:
Siletz Indian Tribe History, Tillamook Oregon, Multnomah County Oregon, Salishan - Part I - Introduction. STBC, n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2016.
1535:
1474:
86:
1895:
68:
698:
712:
Today about 5,600 of their descendants are enrolled members of this tribe, which is based on the Siletz Reservation along the
1819:
1460:
603:
The Confederated Tribes emerged from the remnants of around 28 different tribes of coastal and other Western Oregon Indians.
228:
1548:
899:
to write a history of the Siletz. There have also been attempts to retrieve the remains of tribal ancestors from the
1846:
1793:
1770:
1748:
1722:
1692:
1419:
119:
1869:
1315:
93:
1345:
1169:
1811:
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701:, H.R. 7259, which the Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission fought and helped to stall). On August 5, 1977, the
57:
612:
1785:
1714:
787:
In 1995, the Siletz Tribe opened up a 157,000-square-foot (14,600 m) casino/convention center, called
705:
passed the restoration bill and on November 1, 1977, so did the House. The bill was then sent to President
1338:"Siletz Indian Tribe History, Tillamook Oregon, Multnomah County Oregon, Salishan - Part I - Introduction"
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1235:
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295:
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838:
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284:
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1559:
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tribes and bands who once inhabited an extensive homeland of more than 20 million acres from northern
1905:
1740:
648:
978:
955:
The second weekend in August of every year the tribe is host to its annual Nesika Illahee Pow-wow.
904:
652:
628:
244:
875:
The Siletz Tribal Police department was discontinued, but the tribe now contracts with the nearby
974:
900:
829:
The tribe owns and manages about 16,000 acres total, about 4,000-acre (16 km) of which is a
207:
46:
1478:
944:
language has been taught at the Siletz Valley Charter School, which opened in the fall of 2006.
1461:"Portland State Global Diversity & Inclusion: Diversity and Multicultural Student Services"
876:
842:
826:. There are 445 households in the city of Siletz and 143 households on the Siletz Reservation.
823:
1860:
1622:
1514:
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1277:
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487:
1732:
1201:
1056:
857:
853:
803:
796:
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781:
742:
702:
359:
763:, "Government Hill". The tribe had given this land to the city at the time of termination.
8:
1854:
1702:
1680:
1149:
1134:
1122:
996:
589:
493:
435:
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323:
264:
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oil spill settlement, on the condition that the Confederated Tribes will manage it as a
1707:
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1114:
1095:
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830:
659:
655:(BIA) supervision of trust lands and BIA regulation of services to the Indian peoples.
252:
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1440:
1415:
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A sign in front of Logan Road, owned by the Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Indians
291:
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1367:"The Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon: Tribal Government Operations"
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1187:
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1139:
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888:
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visit the peoples of the Confederated Tribes of Siletz's cedar plank dance house.
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1212:
1162:
1107:
846:
721:
632:
572:
409:
401:
287:
256:
1086:
The ancestors of the Confederated Tribes spoke at least 11 different languages.
1808:
The People Are Dancing Again: The History of the Siletz Tribe of Western Oregon
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1177:
1000:
896:
819:
777:
756:
651:, Public Law 588, was passed into law on August 13, 1954. This new law severed
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All of the remaining Siletz lands were sold except for the 39 acres called
396:
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366:
307:
977:. During the summer solstice, dancers, singers, and tribal members of the
962:
for hundreds if not thousands of years, a dance has been held, called the
951:
Many Native Americans gather around a drum, preparing for a powwow in 1900
1758:
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963:
884:
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Sheriff's Office to provide law enforcement services to the Siletz area.
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on November 9, 1855, only weeks after the start of the last phase of the
388:
310:, which surrounds the original headquarters of the reservation. The word
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The tribal government's Public Information Office publishes the monthly
239:
and between the summit of the Cascades and the Pacific Ocean. After the
941:
694:
232:
201:
1853:
861:
1737:
An Arrow in the Earth: General Joel Palmer and the Indians of Oregon
35:
1560:
http://www.newportnewstimes.com/articles/2008/03/28/news/news05.txt
959:
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1498:
1274:
Native Women's leadership. Named tribal casino as "Chinook Winds."
910:
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498:
447:
27:
Indian tribe of Washington, Oregon, and California, United States
1549:
New Carissa Marbled Murrelet Restoration – New Carissa Oil Spill
334:
The confederation is made up of the following tribes and bands.
970:
937:
732:
178:
1391:
845:, Oregon, approximately 15 mi (24 km) northeast of
709:
on November 3 and then signed into law on November 18, 1977.
251:. The tribes spoke at least 11 distinct languages, including
1396:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. p. 269.
947:
326:
who also became incorporated into the larger confederation.
1437:
Coquelle Thompson, Athabaskan Witness: A Cultural Biography
678:
introduced a first restoration bill, but it did not pass.
860:(including the Chinook Winds Resort hotel purchased from
1709:
Requiem for a People: The Rogue Indians and Frontiersmen
856:
and Convention Center, the Chinook Winds Golf Resort in
1835:
1782:
The Rogue River Indian War and Its Aftermath, 1850-1980
1318:. Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians. August 8, 2020
1410:
Disse, Diane; Weeber, Jodi; Harrison, Loretta (2010).
446:: Applegate and Galice Creek, or any of the tribes of
1439:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 258.
1270:, advocate for the restoration of federal recognition
727:
627:
of 1855–56, most of the peoples were forced onto the
1685:
The Indians of Western Oregon: This Land Was Theirs
1409:
1394:
United States Congressional Serial Set, Volume 3210
1369:. Native American Rights Fund. 1999. Archived from
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1706:
1294:List of Native American Tribal Entities in Oregon
1240:Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages
940:is taught as a common tribal language. Beginning
412:, Yamhill, Yoncalla, Marys River band, and others
314:translates to a description of something that is
1901:Federally recognized tribes in the United States
1877:
1731:
773:, to 1/16, which allowed new members to join.
649:Western Oregon Indian Termination Act of 1954
618:
1434:
813:
784:) in what is Oregon's longest relay on foot.
1847:25 U.S.C. 771 et seq. "Siletz Indian Tribe"
1765:. Fairfield, Washington: Ye Galleon Press.
1763:Journal of Travels Over the Rocky Mountains
755:On November 1, 1979, people of the town of
1851:
1621:Wilford, John Noble (September 19, 2007).
748:On June 2, 1979, tribal members adopted a
642:
306:The confederation takes its name from the
1802:
1623:"Languages Die, but Not Their Last Words"
1280:(1924–2011), businessman and tribal elder
555:(also known as Galice/Applegate) peoples
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1779:
1662:"Our Language is as old as time itself."
1435:Youst, Lionel; Seaburg, William (2002).
1310:
1308:
1250:
946:
909:
731:
1701:
1679:
1620:
1213:Upper Rogue River (or Galice-Applegate)
914:Tribal Council Chairman Delores Pigsley
606:
69:"Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians"
14:
1878:
1757:
1534:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1414:. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing.
1392:U.S. House of Representatives (1895).
929:
806:was purchased and added to the casino.
802:In 2005, a 227-room hotel adjacent to
769:In 1994, the Tribe voted to lower the
699:United States House of Representatives
1886:Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians
1836:Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians
1499:Logan Road RV Park | Lincoln City, OR
1475:"Golf - Courses Holes Chinook Resort"
1305:
545:(also known as Chemetunne) and others
217:Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians
1891:Native American tribes in California
1864:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1405:
1403:
1247:speakers have learned the language.
665:
444:Upper Rogue River Athapaskan peoples
153:Regions with significant populations
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
243:, these tribes were removed to the
24:
1673:
1572:"ILA 2011 awardee Delores Pigsley"
728:Important events in tribal history
25:
1917:
1852:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
1829:
1687:. Coos Bay, Oregon: Arago Books.
1667:2010. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
1400:
490:(also known as Mishikwutinetunne)
18:Confederated Tribes of the Siletz
1896:Native American tribes in Oregon
1064:Port Orford (a Qua-to-mah band)
973:'s cedar plank dance house near
852:The tribe owns and operates the
533:(also known as Kaltsergheatunne)
484:(also known as Tututni) peoples
432:, including Klamath River people
171:
159:
34:
1870:"A Siletz Historical Timeline".
1665:Siletz Tribal Language Program.
1655:
1642:
1614:
1589:
1564:
1553:
1542:
1503:
1257:Peter "Last Walking Bear" DePoe
1170:Coast Oregon Penutian languages
45:needs additional citations for
1812:University of Washington Press
1492:
1467:
1453:
1428:
1385:
1359:
1330:
966:(or Nee-dash), for 10 nights.
720:, about 15 miles northeast of
681:On December 17, 1975, Senator
567:(also known as Taltushtuntede)
227:confederation of more than 27
13:
1:
1299:
1234:According to a report by the
984:
689:Senator Hatfield and Senator
613:Table Rock Indian Reservation
1786:University of Oklahoma Press
1715:University of Oklahoma Press
553:Upper Rogue River Athabaskan
506:(also known as Yukichetunne)
482:Lower Rogue River Athabaskan
448:Lower Rogue River Athapaskan
7:
1287:
1236:National Geographic Society
1081:
531:Port Orford band of Kwatami
418:(also known as Kuitsh) and
296:Oregon Athabaskan languages
10:
1922:
1145:Plateau Penutian languages
839:Central Oregon Coast Range
718:Central Oregon Coast Range
619:After the war of 1855–1856
598:
592:(also known as Etnemitane)
561:(also known as Dakubetede)
527:(also known as Chetleshin)
285:Plateau Penutian languages
1741:Oregon Historical Society
814:Organization and location
329:
200:
195:
190:
185:
157:
152:
147:
142:
1780:Schwartz, E. A. (1997).
1648:'Embracing the future',
958:Every summer and winter
905:United States of America
653:Bureau of Indian Affairs
629:Coast Indian Reservation
245:Coast Indian Reservation
1259:, drummer for the band
975:Smith River, California
901:Smithsonian Institution
643:Termination act of 1954
539:(also known as Kwatami)
378:, including Wakhiakum,
301:
208:Interior Salish peoples
1855:"Siletz Indians"
1050:Macanotin's Band
1044:Totoem's Band
1038:Choallie's Band
1032:Joshuas's Band
1019:Joseph James's Band
1013:George's Band
1007:John's Band
952:
915:
791:, which overlooks the
737:
348:Salmon River/Neachesna
294:, and several related
136:Confederated Tribes of
1861:Catholic Encyclopedia
1278:Calvin Leroy Van Pelt
1268:Francella Mary Griggs
1251:Notable Siletz people
950:
913:
735:
196:Related ethnic groups
1784:. Norman, Oklahoma:
1713:. Norman, Oklahoma:
1703:Beckham, Stephen Dow
1681:Beckham, Stephen Dow
1202:Athabaskan languages
854:Chinook Winds Casino
804:Chinook Winds Casino
797:Lincoln City, Oregon
789:Chinook Winds Casino
743:sovereign government
703:United States Senate
607:Interim-reservations
277:Siuslaw/Lower Umpqua
225:federally recognized
54:improve this article
1157:(Klickitat dialect)
1150:Sahaptian languages
1135:Kalapuyan languages
1123:Chinookan languages
1118:(proposed grouping)
930:Cultural activities
450:(or Tututni) people
436:Rogue River peoples
324:Coast Salish people
247:, now known as the
139:
1838:(official website)
1804:Wilkinson, Charles
1733:O'Donnell, Terence
1628:The New York Times
1226:(or Siletz Dee-ni)
1115:Penutian languages
1091:Salishan languages
953:
916:
833:located along the
822:and 22.6% live in
738:
676:Rep. Wendell Wyatt
476:Oregon Athabaskans
249:Siletz Reservation
135:
1821:978-0-295-99066-8
1578:. 2 November 2011
1373:on April 28, 2003
1207:Lower Rogue River
1197:Na-Dene languages
1174:
1119:
1103:Shastan languages
666:Restoration bills
213:
212:
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
1913:
1906:Rogue River Wars
1868:Kentta, Robert.
1865:
1857:
1842:Tolowa resources
1825:
1799:
1776:
1754:
1728:
1712:
1698:
1668:
1659:
1653:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1599:. Archived from
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1586:
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1583:
1568:
1562:
1557:
1551:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1533:
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1523:
1522:
1513:. Archived from
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1486:
1477:. Archived from
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1344:. Archived from
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1323:
1312:
1188:Coosan languages
1172:
1117:
889:marbled murrelet
780:(located on the
671:American tribe.
637:Rogue River Wars
625:Rogue River Wars
241:Rogue River Wars
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143:Total population
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1674:Further reading
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1511:"Archived copy"
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1342:www.ctsi.nsn.us
1336:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1302:
1290:
1253:
1220:(or Etnemitane)
1084:
1028:Coastal Tribes:
987:
932:
816:
730:
722:Newport, Oregon
695:Rep. Les AuCoin
668:
660:Government Hill
645:
633:Franklin Pierce
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601:
559:Applegate River
332:
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229:Native American
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1830:External links
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1142:
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1112:
1111:
1110:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1071:Upper Coquille
1068:
1062:
1054:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1011:
986:
983:
931:
928:
897:Tribal Council
877:Lincoln County
843:Lincoln County
824:Lincoln County
815:
812:
811:
810:
807:
800:
785:
778:Agness, Oregon
774:
767:
764:
753:
746:
729:
726:
674:In June 1974,
667:
664:
644:
641:
620:
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550:
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507:
496:
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488:Upper Coquille
473:
456:
451:
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427:
422:
413:
399:
386:
373:
364:
363:
362:
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352:
349:
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211:
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198:
197:
193:
192:
188:
187:
183:
182:
155:
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150:
149:
145:
144:
138:Siletz Indians
131:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1918:
1907:
1904:
1902:
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1883:
1881:
1871:
1867:
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1805:
1801:
1797:
1795:0-8061-2906-9
1791:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1772:0-87770-299-3
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1750:0-87595-155-4
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1724:0-8061-0942-4
1720:
1716:
1711:
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1704:
1700:
1696:
1694:0-930998-02-2
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1666:
1663:
1658:
1652:, 25 Feb 2012
1651:
1650:The Economist
1645:
1634:September 19,
1630:
1629:
1624:
1617:
1603:on 2006-06-18
1602:
1598:
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1550:
1545:
1537:
1531:
1517:on 2008-10-29
1516:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1495:
1481:on 2009-03-05
1480:
1476:
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1462:
1456:
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1442:
1438:
1431:
1423:
1421:9781439640487
1417:
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1406:
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1395:
1388:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1348:on 2017-08-01
1347:
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1152:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
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1129:
1128:Lower Chinook
1126:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1109:
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1101:
1097:
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1022:
1018:
1016:
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1006:
1005:
1004:
1002:
998:
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976:
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967:
965:
964:Feather Dance
961:
956:
949:
945:
943:
939:
935:
927:
925:
920:
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908:
906:
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827:
825:
821:
808:
805:
801:
798:
794:
793:Pacific Ocean
790:
786:
783:
779:
775:
772:
771:blood quantum
768:
765:
762:
761:Siletz Agency
758:
754:
751:
747:
744:
740:
739:
734:
725:
723:
719:
715:
710:
708:
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683:Mark Hatfield
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591:
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584:
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573:Chetco-Tolowa
571:
566:
563:
560:
557:
556:
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551:
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541:
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520:Naltunnetunne
518:
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360:Tillamook Bay
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317:
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278:
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273:Alsea-Yaquina
270:
266:
262:
261:Lower Chinook
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
235:to southwest
234:
230:
226:
222:
221:United States
218:
209:
203:
199:
194:
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184:
180:
168:
167:United States
156:
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124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
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92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1859:
1807:
1781:
1762:
1759:Palmer, Joel
1739:. Portland:
1736:
1708:
1684:
1664:
1657:
1649:
1644:
1632:. Retrieved
1626:
1616:
1605:. Retrieved
1601:the original
1591:
1580:. Retrieved
1575:
1566:
1555:
1544:
1519:. Retrieved
1515:the original
1505:
1494:
1483:. Retrieved
1479:the original
1469:
1455:
1436:
1430:
1411:
1393:
1387:
1377:September 1,
1375:. Retrieved
1371:the original
1361:
1350:. Retrieved
1346:the original
1341:
1332:
1322:September 1,
1320:. Retrieved
1316:"Enrollment"
1243:
1233:
1218:Upper Umpqua
1209:(or Tututni)
1085:
1073:
1065:
1059:
1057:Shasta Costa
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1020:
1014:
1008:
994:
988:
979:Tolowa tribe
968:
957:
954:
936:
933:
923:
921:
917:
893:
881:
874:
867:
858:Lincoln City
851:
835:Siletz River
828:
817:
750:constitution
714:Siletz River
711:
707:Jimmy Carter
691:Bob Packwood
688:
680:
673:
669:
657:
646:
622:
602:
590:Upper Umpqua
565:Galice Creek
525:Pistol River
510:Flores Creek
504:Euchre Creek
494:Chasta Costa
461:, including
438:, including
416:Lower Umpqua
404:, including
391:, including
369:, including
333:
315:
311:
308:Siletz River
305:
216:
214:
148:5,600 (2020)
132:Ethnic group
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1810:. Seattle:
997:Rogue River
924:Siletz News
885:New Carissa
841:of central
831:reservation
782:Rogue River
515:Mikonotunne
1880:Categories
1607:2006-06-09
1582:2016-12-14
1521:2008-04-14
1485:2009-06-06
1446:0806134488
1352:2019-06-14
1300:References
1173:(proposed)
985:Population
942:Athabaskan
623:After the
237:Washington
233:California
202:Athabaskan
110:April 2008
80:newspapers
1761:(1985) .
1096:Tillamook
891:habitat.
862:Shilo Inn
471:Cow Creek
454:Klickitat
380:Multnomah
339:Tillamook
292:Klickitat
253:Tillamook
206:southern
186:Languages
1806:(2010).
1735:(1991).
1705:(1971).
1683:(1977).
1530:cite web
1288:See also
1238:and the
1155:Sahaptin
1082:Language
960:solstice
410:Tualatin
402:Kalapuya
351:Nestucca
265:Kalapuya
204:peoples,
1412:Newport
1266:Sister
1261:Redbone
1183:Siuslaw
1140:Takelma
847:Newport
837:in the
716:in the
697:to the
599:History
543:Yashute
499:Tututni
467:Latgawa
463:Dagelma
459:Takelma
425:Molalla
420:Siuslaw
406:Santiam
384:Clatsop
376:Chinook
371:Yaquina
355:Nehalem
269:Takelma
219:in the
191:English
94:scholar
1818:
1792:
1769:
1747:
1721:
1691:
1576:Flickr
1443:
1418:
1224:Tolowa
1163:Molala
1108:Shasta
1003:Tribe:
1001:Shasta
995:Upper
971:Tolowa
938:Tolowa
820:Siletz
757:Siletz
583:Chetco
578:Tolowa
469:, and
440:Shasta
430:Shasta
382:, and
344:Siletz
330:Tribes
320:Siletz
316:coiled
312:siletz
288:Molala
283:, the
257:Shasta
179:Oregon
176:
164:
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1597:"PIO"
1178:Alsea
795:from
537:Sixes
397:Miluk
393:Hanis
367:Alsea
223:is a
101:JSTOR
87:books
1816:ISBN
1790:ISBN
1767:ISBN
1745:ISBN
1719:ISBN
1689:ISBN
1636:2007
1536:link
1441:ISBN
1416:ISBN
1379:2011
1324:2011
647:The
395:and
389:Coos
322:, a
302:Name
290:and
281:Coos
215:The
73:news
1074:313
1066:242
1060:110
1052:129
1046:202
1040:215
1034:179
1021:160
1015:222
1009:172
999:or
870:IHS
56:by
1882::
1858:.
1814:.
1788:.
1743:.
1717:.
1625:.
1574:.
1532:}}
1528:{{
1402:^
1340:.
1307:^
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907:.
724:.
465:,
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298:.
279:,
275:,
271:,
267:,
263:,
259:,
255:,
1824:.
1798:.
1775:.
1753:.
1727:.
1697:.
1638:.
1610:.
1585:.
1538:)
1524:.
1488:.
1463:.
1449:.
1424:.
1381:.
1355:.
1326:.
1263:.
799:.
752:.
745:.
181:)
169:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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