Conservative Party (UK)

1708: 2015:, public opinion in favour of a change in government was reflected by poor polling from the Conservative Party, with Reform UK making strong polling gains. The Conservative manifesto focused on the economy, taxes, welfare, expanding free childcare, education, healthcare, environment, energy, transport, and crime. It pledged to lower taxes, increase education and NHS spending, deliver 92,000 more nurses and 28,000 more doctors, introduce a new model of National Service, and to treble Britain's offshore wind capacity and support solar energy. The final result was the lowest seat total at a general election in the history of the Conservative party, with well below the previous record low of 156 seats won at the 852: 2057: 1995: 21984: 22056: 3599: 21432: 3645:". Shadow Home Secretary Dominic Grieve said in 2008 that state multiculturalism policies had created a "terrible" legacy of "cultural despair" and dislocation, which has encouraged support for "extremists" on both sides of the debate. David Cameron responded to Grieve's comments by agreeing that policies of "state multiculturalism" that treat social groups as distinct, for example policies that "treat British Muslims as Muslims, rather than as British citizens", are wrong. However, he expressed support for the premise of multiculturalism on the whole. 21492: 18775: 21636: 3678: 1126: 21960: 4294: 21564: 21528: 1852: 21612: 22092: 1386: 21912: 5353: 1324: 1937: 22104: 8586: 20657: 5068: 3492: 20647: 8600: 5044: 3480: 21972: 21882: 21666: 22020: 1778: 21456: 8572: 5056: 22044: 21900: 22116: 21774: 21702: 22008: 21870: 21786: 21624: 21516: 21420: 21948: 21846: 21576: 1438:

favoured the idea because it would lead to a "property-owning democracy", an important idea that had emerged in the 1920s. Some local Conservative-run councils enacted profitable local sales schemes during the late 1960s. By the 1970s, many working-class people could afford to buy homes, and eagerly adopted Thatcher's invitation to purchase their homes at a sizable discount. The new owners were more likely to vote Conservative, as Thatcher had hoped.

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terms, and supplementary benefits by 46% in real terms. However, family allowances fell by 15% in real terms. "Thirteen Wasted Years" was a popular slogan attacking the Conservative record, primarily from Labour. In addition, there were attacks by the right wing of the Conservative Party itself for its tolerance of socialist policies and reluctance to curb the legal powers of labour unions.

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it. Of course, radical right-wing populist parties are about more than migration and, indeed, culture wars more generally. Typically, they also put a premium on charismatic leadership and, if in office, on the rights of the executive over other branches of government and any intermediate institutions. And this is exactly what we have seen from the Conservative Party since 2019

1759:, the Conservatives formed a majority government under Cameron. After speculation of a referendum on the UK's EU membership throughout his premiership, a vote was announced for June 2016 in which Cameron campaigned to remain in the EU. On 24 June 2016, Cameron announced his intention to resign as Prime Minister, after he failed to convince the British public to 4225:. Whilst the vast majority of Conservatives in recent decades have been Eurosceptics, views among this group regarding the UK's relationship with the EU have been polarised between moderate, soft Eurosceptics who support continued British membership but oppose further harmonisation of regulations affecting business and accept participation in a 10981: 1524:. Soon after, approximately one million householders faced repossession of their homes during a recession that saw a sharp rise in unemployment, taking it close to 3 million people. The party subsequently lost much of its reputation for good financial stewardship. The end of the recession was declared in April 1993. From 1994 to 1997, Major 3984:, other national qualifications, apprenticeships and training. The restoration of discipline was also highlighted, as they want it to be easier for pupils to be searched for contraband items, the granting of anonymity to teachers accused by pupils, and the banning of expelled pupils being returned to schools via appeal panels. 4391:, and in 2013 membership was estimated by the party itself at 134,000. The Conservative Party had a membership of 124,000 in March 2018. In May 2019, its membership was thought to be around 160,000, with over half of its members being over 55. Its membership rose to 200,000 in March 2021. In July 2022 it had 172,437 members. 4559:, who had donated north of £2.2 million as of the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Donations to British political parties is only legal for citizens; the individuals who donated to the party had dual UK-Russian citizenship, and the donations were legal and properly declared. However, an investigation conducted by 887:", or "Pittites" and never used terms such as "Tory" or "Conservative". From about 1812, the name "Tory" was commonly used for a new party that, according to historian Robert Blake, "are the ancestors of Conservatism". Blake adds that Pitt's successors after 1812 "were not in any sense standard-bearers of 'true Toryism'". 4092:' issues to the forefront of his 2010 campaign. These included proposals designed to impose a tax on workplace car parking spaces, a halt to airport growth, a tax on cars with exceptionally poor petrol mileage, and restrictions on car advertising. Many of these policies were implemented in the Coalition—including the ' 10734: 10973: 9239:

right-wing parties are also increasing the presence of women within their ranks. Prominent female European leaders include Theresa May (until recently) and Angela Merkel, from the right-wing Conservative Party in the UK and the Christian Democratic Party in Germany respectively. This article examines

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wanted to 'support family life in Britain' and put families at the centre of domestic social policymaking. He stated in 2014 that there was 'no better place to start' in the Conservative mission of 'building society from the bottom up' than the family, which was responsible for individual welfare and

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In May 2010 the Conservative Party came to government, first under a coalition with the Liberal Democrats and later as a series of majority and minority governments. During this period there were five Conservative Prime Ministers: David Cameron, Theresa May, Boris Johnson, Liz Truss, and Rishi Sunak.

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in June 1982, along with the recovering British economy, saw the Conservatives returning quickly to the top of the opinion polls and winning the 1983 general election with a landslide majority, due to a split opposition vote. By the time of the general election in June 1987, the economy was stronger,

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and that lasted until the 1970s. The Conservatives were conciliatory towards unions, but they did privatise the steel and road haulage industries in 1953. During the Conservatives' thirteen-year tenure in office, pensions went up by 49% in real terms, sickness and unemployment benefits by 76% in real

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body, responsible for all operational matters (including fundraising, membership and candidates) and is made up of representatives from each (voluntary, political and professional) section of the Party. The Party Board meets about once a month and works closely with CCHQ, elected representatives and

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Other policies have included doubling the free hours of childcare for working parents of three and four-year-olds from 15 hours to 30 hours a week during term-time, although parents can reduce the number of hours per week to 22 and spread across 52 weeks of the year. The government also introduced a

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aimed at helping families achieve a work-home balance and have previously proposed to offer all parents 12 months parental leave, to be shared by parents as they choose. This policy is now in place, offering 50 weeks total parental leave, of which 37 weeks are paid leave, which can be shared between

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MPs, meeting weekly while parliament is sitting. Frontbench MPs have an open invitation to attend. The 1922 Committee plays a crucial role in the selection of party leaders. All Conservative MPs are members of the 1922 Committee by default. There are 20 executive members of the committee, agreed by

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During the period of the Cameron and Johnson governments, a number of Conservative MPs have been accused or convicted of sexual misconduct, with cases including the consumption of pornography in parliament, rape, groping, and sexual harassment. In 2017, a list of 36 sitting Conservative MPs accused

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of 1956 was a humiliating defeat for Prime Minister Eden, but his successor, Macmillan, minimised the damage and focused attention on domestic issues and prosperity. Following controversy over the selections of Harold Macmillan and Alec Douglas-Home via a process of consultation known as the 'Magic

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came to power. The Conservatives regained power in 1924 but were defeated in 1929 as a minority Labour government took office. In 1931, following the collapse of the Labour minority government, it entered another coalition, which was dominated by the Conservatives with some support from factions of

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rather than the installation of a supposedly more 'technocratic' cabinet halting and even reversing any transformation on the part of the Conservative Party from a mainstream centre-right formation into an ersatz radical right-wing populist outfit, it could just as easily accelerate and accentuate

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The Conservative Party aims to build enhanced bilateral defence relations with key European partners and believes that it is in Britain's national interest to cooperate fully with all its European neighbours. It has pledged to ensure that any EU military capability must supplement and not supplant

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remains and should remain the most important security alliance for the United Kingdom. It has advocated for the creation of a fairer funding mechanism for NATO's expeditionary operations and called for all NATO countries to meet their required defence spending 2% of GDP. Some Conservatives believe

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Socially conservative policies such as tax incentives for married couples may have played a role in the party's electoral decline in the 1990s and early 2000s, and so the party has attempted to seek a new direction. As part of their coalition with the Liberal Democrats, the Conservative government

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denounced Chamberlain's attack on free trade, and helped organise the opposition inside the Unionist/Conservative Party. Nevertheless, Balfour, as party leader, introduced protectionist legislation. Churchill crossed the floor and formally joined the Liberal Party (he rejoined the Conservatives in

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found that in spite of Johnson's claims that donations from those with links to the Russian government was to stop, since the start of the war, the Conservatives have accepted at least £243,000 from Russia and Kremlin-associated donors. In February 2022, the Labour Party used Electoral Commission

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applications, all increased substantially during Cameron's term in office. However, this was not solely as a result of intentional government policy – during this period, there were significant refugee flows into the UK and an increased level of asylum applications due to conflict and persecution

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to be included on the approved list of candidates, some candidates will be given the option of applying for any seat they choose, while others may be restricted to certain constituencies. A Conservative MP can only be deselected at a special general meeting of the local Conservative association,

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In higher education, the Conservatives have increased tuition fees to £9,250 per year, however have ensured that this will not be paid by anyone until they are earning over £25,000. The Scottish Conservatives also support the re-introduction of tuition fees in Scotland. In 2016, the Conservative

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The Conservatives see it as a priority to encourage all members of the European Union to do more in terms of a commitment to European security at home and abroad. Regarding the defence role of the European Union, the Conservatives pledged to re-examine some of Britain's EU Defence commitments to

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Nigel Keohane finds that the Conservatives were bitterly divided before 1914 but the war pulled the party together, allowing it to emphasise patriotism as it found new leadership and worked out its positions on the Irish question, socialism, electoral reform, and the issue of intervention in the

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One of Thatcher's largest and most successful policies assisted council house tenants in public housing to purchase their homes at favourable rates. The "Right to Buy" had emerged in the late 1940s but was too great a challenge to the post-war consensus to win Conservative endorsement. Thatcher

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sets the voluntary party's direction. It is composed of all association chairs, officers from areas and regions, and 42 representatives and the Conservative Women's Organisation. The Convention meets twice a year. Its Annual General Meeting is usually held at Spring Forum, with another meeting

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In 2020, new funding for active travel infrastructure was announced by the Conservatives. The party's stated aim was for England to be a "great walking and cycling nation" and for half of all journeys in towns and cities being walked or cycled by 2030. The plan was accompanied by £2 billion in

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is line-managed by the Conservative Director of Communications who upholds overall responsibility, though she has many staff supporting her, and the whole of CCHQ at election time, her department being one of the most predominant at this time, including project managers, executive assistants,

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heritage, oppose any transfer of power away from the United Kingdom—either downwards to the nations and regions or upwards to the European Union—and seek to place greater emphasis on traditional family structures to repair what it sees as a broken society in the UK. It is a strong advocate of

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acknowledged there were real problems with the Universal Credit system, especially the wait times for initial payments and the housing payments aspect of the combined benefits. Rudd pledged specifically to review and address the uneven impact of Universal Credit implementation on economically

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Truss announced her resignation as prime minister on 20 October after 44 days in office, the shortest premiership in British history. Truss also oversaw the worst polling the Conservatives had ever received, with Labour polling as high as 36 per cent above the Conservatives amidst the crisis.

4739:, a national symbol, which was said to represent "strength, endurance, renewal and growth". A change from green to the traditional Conservative blue colour appeared in 2007, followed by a version with the Union Jack superimposed in 2010. An alternative version featuring the colours of the 1246:

chaired a committee into Conservative Party organisation that resulted in the Maxwell Fyfe Report (1948–49). The report required the party to do more fundraising, by forbidding constituency associations from demanding large donations from candidates, with the intention of broadening the

1554:". Their support reached its lowest ebb in late 1994. Over the next two years the Conservatives gained some credit for the strong economic recovery and fall in unemployment. But an effective opposition campaign by the Labour Party culminated in a landslide defeat for the Conservatives 14119: 3890:(SDSR). As well as an SDSR, the Conservative Party pledged in 2010 to undertake a fundamental and far-reaching review of the procurement process and how defence equipment is provided in Britain, and to increase Britain's share of the global defence market as Government policy. 8835: 16507:, the editor of the influential grassroots Tory website ConservativeHome, told a fringe event that two separate sources had told him party membership was now 177,000—down 80,000 on the 2005 figure of 257,000 ... The Conservative party refused to confirm the figure 5278:. Many take inspiration from Thatcher's Bruges speech in 1988, in which she declared that "we have not successfully rolled back the frontiers of the state in Britain only to see them reimposed at a European level". A number of free-market Conservatives have signed the 5274:, perceiving most EU regulations as interference in the free market and/or a threat to British sovereignty. EU centralisation also conflicts with the localist ideals that have grown in prominence within the party in recent years. Rare Thatcherite Europhiles included 1791:

became the leader of the Conservative Party. May promised social reform and a more centrist political outlook for the Conservative Party and its government. May's early cabinet appointments were interpreted as an effort to reunite the party in the wake of the UK's

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de Geus, Roosmarijn A.; Shorrocks, Rosalind (2022). "Where Do Female Conservatives Stand? A Cross-National Analysis of the Issue Positions and Ideological Placement of Female Right-Wing Candidates". In Och, Malliga; Shames, Shauna; Cooperman, Rosalyn (eds.).

5825:, which is part of its central office However, it also delegates local responsibility to Conservative associations in the area, usually to a team of Conservative activists and volunteers in that area, but campaigns are still deployed from and thus managed by 4474:

In the first decade of the 21st century, half the party's funding came from a cluster of fifty "donor groups", and a third of it from only fifteen. In the year after the 2010 general election, half the Conservatives' funding came from the financial sector.

15222: 9333:...alignment to the Liberal Democrats (centre to left wing) and the Green Party (left wing) are positively associated with charitable behaviour at both the extensive and intensive margins, relative to being aligned with the right wing Conservative Party. 1062:

into one political movement. Its MPs took the Conservative whip at Westminster, essentially forming the Irish wing of the party until 1922. In Britain, the Conservative party was known as the Unionist Party because of its opposition to home rule. Under

4229:, and a more radical, economically libertarian faction who oppose policy initiatives from Brussels, support the rolling back of integration measures from the Maastricht Treaty onwards, and have become increasingly supportive of a complete withdrawal. 1085:

were mostly against the war until the invasion of Belgium, Conservative leaders were strongly in favour of aiding France and stopping Germany. The Liberal party was in full control of the government until its mismanagement of the war effort under the

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In 2019, the Conservatives' manifesto committed to a broad constitutional review in a line which read "after Brexit we also need to look at the broader aspects of our constitution: the relationship between the government, parliament and the courts".

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One of the Conservatives' key policy goals in 2010 was to reduce the number of people unemployed, and increase the number of people in the workforce, by strengthening apprenticeships, skills and job training. Between 2010 and 2014, all claimants of

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reported 10% of Conservative peers were large party donors and gave nearly £50m in total. 27 out of the party's 274 peers had given over £100,000 to the Conservatives. At least 6 large donor peers got government jobs in the 10 years to 2022.

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dynamism of African people. The Conservatives pledged to increase aid spending to 0.7% of national income by 2013. They met this pledge in 2014, when spending on aid reached 0.72% of GDP and the commitment was enshrined in UK law in 2015.

5198:. There is a difference of opinion among supporters regarding the European Union. Some support it perhaps stemming from an extension of the cohesion principle to the international level, though others are strongly against the EU (such as 1625:. He then announced his intention to reform and realign the Conservatives. For most of 2006 and the first half of 2007, polls showed leads over Labour for the Conservatives. Polls became more volatile in summer 2007 with the accession of 4185:

In 2021, the Conservatives announced a white paper that would transform the operation of the railways. The rail network will be partly renationalised, with infrastructure and operations brought together under the state-owned public body

1547:, was broadly supportive. The issue of the creation of a single European currency also inflamed tensions. Major survived a leadership challenge in 1995 by Redwood, but Redwood received 89 votes, further undermining Major's influence. 1110:

was its response to the growing strength of the Labour Party. When electoral reform was an issue, it worked to protect their base in rural England. It aggressively sought female voters in the 1920s, often relying on patriotic themes.

4720:, which was intended to represent leadership, striving to win, dedication, and a sense of community. The emblem was adopted for the 1983 general election. In 1989, the party's director of communications, Brendan Bruce, found through 5160:. Adherents believe in social cohesion and support social institutions that maintain harmony between different interest groups, classes, and—more recently—different races or religions. These institutions have typically included the 4076:

of £9/hour. The National Minimum Wage in 2024 was £11.44 for those over 21. The party support, and have implemented, the restoration of the link between pensions and earnings, and seek to raise retirement age from 65 to 67 by 2028.

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to trigger an emergency bond-buying programme. After condemnation from the public, the Labour Party and her own party, Truss reversed some aspects of the mini-budget, including the abolition of the top rate of income tax. Following

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was held on 9 April 1992 and the Conservatives won a fourth successive electoral victory, contrary to predictions from opinion polls. The Conservatives became the first party to attract 14 million votes in a general election.

3871:. The Conservative Party believed that success in Afghanistan would be defined in terms of the Afghans achieving the capability to maintain their own internal and external security. They have repeatedly criticised the former 12802: 10974:"Exclusive: How did Labour lose in '92?: The most authoritative study of the last general election is published tomorrow. Here, its authors present their conclusions and explode the myths about the greatest upset since 1945" 4190:. On 18 November 2021, the government announced the biggest ever public investment in Britain's rail network costing £96 billion and promising quicker and more frequent rail connections in the North and Midlands: the 11592: 1689:

of inappropriate sexual behaviour was leaked. The list is believed to have been compiled by party staff. Following accusations of multiple cases of rape against an unnamed Tory MP in 2023 and allegations of a cover-up,

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policy to fund 15 hours a week of free education and childcare for 2-year-olds in England if parents are receiving certain state benefits or the child has a SEN statement or diagnosis, worth £2,500 a year per child.

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was reduced to 45% by the Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition. Alongside a reduction in tax and commitments to keep taxation low, the Conservative Party has significantly reduced government spending, through the

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achieved dominance after the election of Margaret Thatcher as party leader in 1975. Their goal was to reduce the role of the government in the economy and to this end, they supported cuts in direct taxation, the

9085: 3590:. In 2019 and during the election campaign that year, Boris Johnson signalled an end to austerity with increased public expenditure, in areas including healthcare, education, transport, welfare, and the police. 15982: 13739: 9710: 17543: 9145:...the Conservative Party's history in incorporating ethnic minorities, and the recent post-racial turn within the party whereby increasing party diversity has coincided with an increasing turn to the Right 8801: 15931: 9190: 4692:. In forming the caucus, the party broke with two decades of co-operation by the UK's Conservative Party with the mainstream European Christian Democrats and conservatives in the European parliament, the 13339: 12951: 5321:, which supports free markets alongside social and environmental responsibility, as well a welfare state. Joseph was the first to introduce the model idea into British politics, writing the publication: 1067:'s leadership in 1911–1914, the Party morale improved, the "radical right" wing was contained, and the party machinery strengthened. It made some progress toward developing constructive social policies. 9617: 4202:

No subject has proved more divisive in the Conservative Party in recent history than the role of the United Kingdom within the European Union. Though the principal architect of the UK's entry into the

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as deputy chief whip while being aware of allegations of sexual assault against him. This, along with Partygate and increasing criticisms on Johnson's handling of the cost-of-living crisis, provoked a

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In 2010, the Conservatives campaigned to cut the perceived bureaucracy of the modern police force and pledged greater legal protection to people convicted of defending themselves against intruders.

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In particular, there is a clear partisan division between the main left-wing party (Labour) and political parties with pronounced pro-market preferences, such as the right-wing Conservative Party

1615:, the Conservative Party increased their total vote share and—more significantly—their number of parliamentary seats, reducing Labour's majority. The day following the election, Howard resigned. 3543:, which holds that reduced income tax rates increase growth and enterprise (although a reduction in the budget deficit has sometimes taken priority over cutting taxes). The party focuses on the 20272: 9805: 9429: 17995: 15629: 9932: 3570:, which enabled the UK to stay within the European Union without adopting the single currency. All subsequent Conservative leaders have positioned the party firmly against the adoption of the 16226: 15144: 13405: 9395:

the right-wing Conservative Party in government supported TTIP...This logic reproduced also a government-opposition dynamic, whereby the right-wing Conservative Party championed the agreement

1693:, who has served as the party's co-chairman under David Cameron, stated that the Conservative Party has had a problem handling complaints of sexual misconducts against members appropriately. 1430:. Thatcher believed that too much socially democratic-oriented government policy was leading to a long-term decline in the British economy. As a result, her government pursued a programme of 12684: 4442:

of the Conservative Party for members aged 25 and under. The organisation aims to increase youth ownership and engagement in local associations. From 1998 to 2015, the youth wing was called

4412:. A constituency Association must choose a candidate using the rules approved by, and (in England, Wales and Northern Ireland) from a list established by, the Committee on Candidates of the 17299: 15840: 14830: 14670: 13283: 4068:, as they believed it would cost jobs, and businesses would be reluctant to start business in the UK from fear of high labour costs. However the party have since pledged support and in the 1461:, inflation had been at 9% or under for the previous year, then increased to over 20% in the first two years of the Thatcher ministry, but it had fallen again to 5.8% by the start of 1983. 17056: 15607: 11824: 16818: 14496: 8219: 16870: 16785: 15721: 10834: 9963: 9863: 9647: 20287: 20217: 16004: 14708: 17087: 13043: 5866:

For all election results, including: devolved elections, London elections, Police and Crime Commissioner elections, combined authority elections and European Parliament elections see:

20247: 18810: 16317: 14359: 13917: 3843:, with prominent Conservative figures within the May and Johnson ministries strongly endorsing Israel. In 2016, Theresa May publicly rebutted statements made by US Secretary of State 12623: 11744: 833:

voters from traditional Labour strongholds. The Conservatives' domination of British politics throughout the 20th century made it one of the most successful political parties in the

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marriage and believes the Conservative Party should back the institution with tax breaks and have opposed the alleged assaults on both traditional family structures and fatherhood.

1562:. The 1997 election left the Conservative Party as an England-only party, with all Scottish and Welsh seats having been lost, and not a single new seat having been gained anywhere. 15484: 4387:

in December 2005, membership resumed its decline in 2006 to a lower level than when he was elected. In 2010, the Conservative Party had about 177,000 members according to activist

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Membership peaked in the mid-1950s at approximately 3 million, before declining steadily through the second half of the 20th century. Despite an initial boost shortly after

20169: 17329: 13765: 13556: 20262: 19812: 16894:"Just 50 'donor groups' have supplied over half of the Conservative party's declared donation income in the last decade, a fact disguised by legal 'fame avoidance' techniques" 15754: 14588: 12274: 9587: 5352: 1951: 14760: 14618: 13091: 11631: 22195: 13214: 3626:, who believe that the party should remain faithful to its traditional conservative platform. In the previous parliament, modernising forces were represented by MPs such as 1418:, and supported the Cold War policies of the consensus, but otherwise tried to dismantle and delegitimise it. She built a right-wing political ideology that became known as 15424: 9218: 3638:

is also seen as a reforming figure. Many of the original 'traditionalists' remain influential, though Duncan Smith's influence in terms of Commons contributions has waned.

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In 2006, there was a rebranding exercise to emphasise the Conservatives' commitment to environmentalism; a project costing £40,000 resulted in a sketched silhouette of an

3995:, receiving £7 billion between 2007 and 2015, which is invested in universities and research-intensive businesses. Following the vote to leave the EU, Prime Minister 1865:

became Leader of the party. He became Prime Minister the next day. Johnson had made withdrawal from the EU by 31 October "with no ifs, buts or maybes" a key pledge during

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For 2013, the Conservative Party had an income of £25.4 million, of which £749,000 came from membership subscriptions. In 2015, according to accounts filed with the

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system alongside other welfare benefits in 2018. The Universal Credit system came under immense scrutiny following its introduction. Shortly after her appointment to the

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for failing to equip British Forces adequately in the earlier days on the campaign—especially highlighting the shortage of helicopters for British Forces resulting from

20903: 17423: 16115:"Integrated Rail Plan: biggest ever public investment in Britain's rail network will deliver faster, more frequent and more reliable journeys across North and Midlands" 1340:, although the right-wing of the party objected to his failure to control the trade unions at a time when a declining British industry saw many strikes, as well as the 22060: 14210: 11775: 11289: 17020: 13012: 11065: 9775: 5794:

Sometimes two groupings have united to oppose the third. Both Thatcherite and traditionalist Conservatives rebelled over Europe (and in particular Maastricht) during

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guaranteed that the Conservative government would protect funding for existing research and development projects in the UK. In 2017, the Conservatives introduced the

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The period of unpopularity of the Conservatives in the early 1980s coincided with a crisis in the Labour Party, which then formed the main opposition. Victory in the

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information to calculate that donors who had made money from Russia or Russians had given £1.93m to either the Conservative party or constituency associations since

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have been an element of Conservative foreign policy since the Second World War. Though the Anglo–American relationship in foreign affairs has often been termed a '

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Subsequent to the EU referendum vote, and through the premierships of May, Boris Johnson, and their successors, the party shifted right on the political spectrum.

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Group (ECR Group), which is affiliated to the ACRE. Party leader David Cameron pushed the foundation of the ECR, which was launched in 2009, along with the Czech

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resulted in a net gain of one seat for the Conservative Party and returned a mostly unscathed Labour Party back to government. This all occurred months after the

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approach that individual freedom and economic freedom of industry and trade should be respected over prohibition. Other Conservative politicians, despite being

1669:, including allegations against its policies, fringes, and structure, was often in the public eye. These include allegations against senior politicians such as 1434:, adopting a free-market approach to public services based on the sale of publicly owned industries and utilities, as well as a reduction in trade union power. 17604: 15862: 11490: 11236: 5801:

Not all Conservative MPs can be easily placed within one of the above groupings. For example, John Major was the ostensibly "Thatcherite" candidate during the

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Although stances have changed with successive leadership, the modern Conservative Party generally supports cooperation and maintaining friendly relations with

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was published in July 2020. Concerns over Conservative Party funds have become increasingly controversial due to Vladimir Putin's human rights abuses and the

22200: 20698: 20367: 20227: 14799: 13253: 12973: 9894: 9744: 9240:

the extent to which women in right-wing parties are similar to their male colleagues, or whether they have a set of distinctive opinions on a range of issues

4379:

Share of the vote received by Conservatives (blue), Whigs/Liberals/Liberal Democrats (orange), Labour (red) and others (grey) in general elections since 1832

4316:. The country is also divided into regions, with each region containing a number of areas, both having a similar structure to constituency associations. The 3973: 17229: 14920: 11798: 11007: 10727:"Stephen Farrall, et al. "Thatcherite Ideology, Housing Tenure, and Crime: The Socio-Spatial Consequences of the Right to Buy for Domestic Property Crime." 21952: 20553: 17842: 17: 16934: 16144: 11551: 10576: 9489: 3547:, promoting a free market for competition with social balance to create fairness. This has included education reform, vocational skills reform, expanding 723:

sought to modernise the Conservatives after his election as leader in 2005, and the party governed from 2010 to 2024 under five prime ministers, latterly

22180: 22175: 19824: 15363: 15059: 8918: 4668:, the ECR Group has been the third-largest group, with the largest members being the Conservatives (nineteen MEPs), Law and Justice (eighteen MEPs), the 2887: 1922:

following a loss in confidence and nearly 60 resignations from government officials, eventually leading to Johnson announcing his resignation on 7 July.

1877: 11573: 4325:. In the organisation of the Conservative Party, constituency associations dominate selection of local candidates, and some associations have organised 3851:

and this was adopted as a UK-wide policy in 2019. In 2019, the Conservative government under Boris Johnson announced plans to stop the influence of the

3551:, curbs on the banking sector, enterprise zones to revive regions in Britain, and grand and extensive infrastructure projects, such as high-speed rail. 22165: 19100: 18832: 14890: 13860: 13456:

In the recession year of 1981, for example, the Conservatives raised taxes to reduce the budget deficit, with the aim of a reduction of interest rates.

4523: 3882:

The Conservative Party believes that in the 21st century defence and security are interlinked. It has pledged to break away from holding a traditional

3047: 1959: 18330: 16841: 15780: 13791: 9797: 9437: 3812:, as well as returning to the links between the Conservatives and Republican Party. Beyond relations with the United States, the Commonwealth and the 22185: 21328: 18869: 17999: 17666: 15637: 15454: 9916: 8454: 5098: 4536: 18050: 17206: 16361: 16216: 15136: 13401: 4680:(four MEPs each). In June 2009, The Conservatives required a further four partners apart from the Polish and Czech supports to qualify for official 20829: 20691: 19836: 19090: 18935: 14057: 12676: 11173: 11142:

W, Tony Blair, Cameron, Gordon Brown, Labour Party, Margaret Thatcher, John Major, John Redwood, Kenneth Clarke, Diana, Princess of Wales, George.

9309: 9253: 8618: 6410: 5867: 5854: 4107:

In 2019, the Conservatives became the first national government in the world to officially declare a climate emergency (second in the UK after the

3067: 2685: 1004: 17386: 17289: 15832: 14822: 14528: 13275: 11881: 5798:'s premiership; and traditionalist and One Nation MPs united to inflict Margaret Thatcher's only major defeat in Parliament, over Sunday trading. 4712:

When Sir Christopher Lawson was appointed as a marketing director at Conservative Central Office in 1981, he developed a logo design based on the

3661:

announced that the government would enact stricter immigration reforms, crack down on illegal immigration, and scrap freedom of movement with the

20714: 19451: 19105: 17046: 15599: 14180: 12215: 10950: 10864: 10770: 10666: 10636: 8638: 4409: 4329: 4191: 1480:) in 1989 is often cited as contributing to her political downfall. Internal party tensions led to a leadership challenge by the Conservative MP 604: 16808: 16633: 14488: 13993: 9855: 2008:

Leader of the Conservatives and the first British Asian Prime Minister. On 22 May Sunak announced a general election to be held on 4 July 2024.

1506:

won the party leadership election on 27 November 1990, and his appointment led to an almost immediate boost in Conservative Party fortunes. The

22205: 21214: 19332: 16860: 16777: 16037: 15713: 14390: 14233: 10830: 9955: 9639: 5805:, but he consistently promoted One-Nation Conservatives to the higher reaches of his cabinet during his time as Prime Minister. These included 4124: 1910:

scandal, in which staff and senior members of government were pictured holding gatherings during lockdown contrary to Government guidance. The

15330: 14700: 14429: 13121: 11941: 4166:

The Conservatives have invested in public transport and infrastructure, aimed to promoting economic growth. This has included rail (including

19382: 17756: 17079: 15192: 14349: 13474: 13035: 12333: 9527: 7447: 6712: 4309:

The Conservative Party comprises the voluntary party, parliamentary party (sometimes called the political party) and the professional party.

4016:

well-being long before the welfare state came into play. He also argued that 'family and politics are inextricably linked'. Both Cameron and

3583: 2635: 1976: 1745: 1655: 1352: 1044: 1039:

enacted a great deal of reform legislation, but the Unionists worked hard at grassroots organizing. Two general elections were held in 1910,

18806: 16581: 16309: 15953: 13909: 8903:

David Dutton, "Unionist Politics and the aftermath of the General Election of 1906: A Reassessment." Historical Journal 22#4 (1979): 861–76.

3607:

did support the introduction of equal marriage rights for LGBT+ individuals in 2010, though 139 Conservative MPs, a majority, voted against

20971: 19630: 17879: 13066: 12615: 11736: 9466: 7489: 6670: 3914:

determine their practicality and utility; specifically, to reassess UK participation provisions like Permanent Structured Cooperation, the

1368: 1040: 11907: 9408: 1601:

by MPs. This was despite the Conservative support equalling that of Labour in the months leading up to his departure from the leadership.

21300: 20596: 20536: 19800: 19788: 19776: 19764: 19752: 19740: 19730: 19718: 19708: 19696: 19684: 19080: 15476: 13815:

After the 2019 general election, there are now 20 LGBT+ Conservative MPs in Parliament, more than there were during the prior Parliament.

10804: 10528: 10058: 8440: 5873: 5802: 4681: 4645: 4625: 4384: 3092: 2036: 1866: 1622: 1608: 1400: 1312: 802: 12098: 9828: 4446:, and had branches at universities and at parliamentary constituency level. It was shut down in 2015 after allegations that bullying by 1748:. In September 2014, the Unionist side, championed by Labour as well as by the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democrats, won in the 20252: 19172: 18605: 17635: 16707: 15028: 14976: 14946: 14640: 14452: 10142: 5786:—the latter two being prominent Roman Catholics, notable in a faction marked out by its support for the established Church of England. 4577:

reported that in January 2021, they " a clear line back from this donation to its ultimate source", and reported it accordingly to the

3887: 3847:

over the composition of the Israeli government. In 2018, the party pledged to proscribe all wings of the Lebanese-based militant group

3539:

and individual achievement are the primary factors behind economic prosperity. A leading economic theory advocated by Conservatives is

2798: 1919: 1830:. May survived two votes of no confidence in December 2018 and January 2019, but after versions of her draft withdrawal agreement were 18838: 18197: 17321: 9382: 5179:("little platoons") as the foundations of society, as well as his opposition to radical politics of all types. The Red Tory theory of 1593:, during his tenure, Europe ceased to be an issue of division in the party as it united behind calls for a referendum on the proposed 884: 20277: 19095: 14112:"David Cameron immigration pledge 'failed spectacularly' as figures show net migration almost three times as high as Tories promised" 11521: 3956:

is favoured by some Conservative politicians. The party has rejected both decriminalising drugs for personal use and the creation of

3522: 1666: 992: 18174: 16893: 15745: 14998: 14580: 12264: 9579: 1267:

rebuilt the local organisations with an emphasis on membership, money, and a unified national propaganda appeal on critical issues.

20425: 19614: 19543: 19538: 19529: 19065: 19060: 14610: 11623: 10014: 8857: 6062: 5860: 5822: 5665: 5555: 5223:

industries and a reduction in the size and scope of the welfare state. Supporters of the "free-market wing" have been labelled as "

4541: 3233: 1551: 1344:. Since accession to the EEC, which developed into the EU, British membership has been a source of heated debate within the party. 976: 113: 16457: 16427: 15416: 13206: 4593:

began. Then-party leader Liz Truss said that the donations would not be returned, stating that they had been "properly declared".

3816:, the Conservative Party has generally supported a pro free-trade foreign policy within the mainstream of international affairs. 1966:

on 23 September faced severe criticism and markets reacted poorly; the pound fell to a record low of 1.03 against the dollar, and

21616: 21358: 19640: 19426: 19177: 13666:"The Implementation of Same Sex Marriage in 2013 : Cameron's modernising social agenda in the Conservative Party since 2005" 13435: 10446: 10233: 8623: 5540: 4649: 4352: 2867: 2743: 1903: 1899:. On 20 December 2019, MPs passed an agreement for withdrawing from the EU; the United Kingdom formally left on 31 January 2020. 1543:, opposed further EU integration, whilst the party's pro-European wing, represented by those such as Chancellor of the Exchequer 17843:"Where There is Discord, Can They Bring Harmony? Managing Intra-party Dissent on European Integration in the Conservative Party" 17696: 17162: 16286: 15081: 14730: 14326: 11378: 11316: 11207: 11090: 4724:

that recognition of the symbol was low and that people found it old fashioned and uninspiring. Using a design company headed by

4367:

the voluntary membership mainly through a number of management sub-committees (such as membership, candidates and conferences).

1414:

that tolerated or encouraged nationalisation, strong labour unions, heavy regulation, and high taxes. She did not challenge the

21460: 21293: 21184: 20732: 20149: 19372: 19115: 18925: 16256: 13362: 12417: 12297: 9767: 8613: 8310: 5192: 4641: 3758: 1873: 1264: 1027:

1925). In December, Balfour lost control of his party, as the defections multiplied. He was replaced by Liberal Prime Minister

846: 661: 454: 90: 17811: 17415: 15393: 13309: 11685: 4178:

additional funding over the following five years for cycling and walking. The plan also introduced new inspectorate, known as

21718: 21520: 19456: 19421: 19212: 18862: 18643: 18465: 18376: 18276: 18257: 18118: 16669: 16403: 15661: 15113: 13157: 12920: 12833: 12771: 12707: 12593: 12563: 12533: 12473: 12443: 12072: 12046: 10418: 10195: 9368: 8718: 8705: 8692: 8675: 5091: 4479: 1749: 988: 53: 18140: 17504: 17465: 16964: 16527: 15691: 14202: 13534: 12738: 12653: 12359: 12241: 11767: 11285: 5845:

politicians, and volunteers. The Conservative Party also has regional call centres and VoteSource do-it-from-home accounts.

4450:

had caused the suicide of Elliot Johnson, a 21-year-old party activist. The current incarnation was launched in March 2018.

1650:

The initial period of this time, primarily under the premiership of David Cameron, was marked by the ongoing effects of the

1168:

The concept of the "property-owning democracy" was coined by Noel Skelton in 1923 and became a core principle of the party.

20088: 19934: 19416: 19157: 19137: 19070: 17012: 16754: 13004: 12503: 12188: 12162: 11061: 9677: 8534: 8040: 7993: 7937: 7895: 7845: 7798: 7751: 7709: 7662: 7620: 7578: 7531: 7405: 7358: 7311: 7264: 7217: 7172: 7130: 7083: 7037: 6992: 6950: 6908: 6861: 6819: 6765: 6623: 6581: 6539: 6497: 6452: 6405: 6363: 6321: 6274: 6230: 6188: 6146: 6104: 6057: 6015: 5973: 5924: 5535: 3608: 2120: 2081: 2016: 2012: 1892: 1888: 1804: 1756: 1612: 1575: 1559: 1555: 1536: 1507: 1458: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1404: 1348: 1291: 1287: 1274:, despite losing the popular vote, Churchill was back in power. Apart from rationing, which was ended in 1954, most of the 1271: 1204: 1162: 1154: 1095: 1032: 1012: 975:

The widening of the electoral franchise in the 19th century forced the Conservative Party to popularise its approach under

859: 689: 665: 227: 97: 78: 15245: 14853: 13954: 13504: 12121: 11968: 11711: 11349: 10916: 10886: 1880:

after voting with the Opposition to grant the House of Commons control over its order paper. Johnson would later halt the

963:

around 1834. Peel is acknowledged as the founder of the Conservative Party, which he created with the announcement of the

21862: 20408: 20184: 19888: 19609: 19367: 19362: 19352: 19187: 17778: 14142: 11990: 10437: 8628: 8325: 4497: 4403: 4258: 4254: 2947: 2613: 1579: 1094:

became prime minister but the Liberals soon split and the Conservatives dominated the government, especially after their

16809:"Lord Feldman had 'gravest possible reservations' about Mark Clarke, the Tatler Tory, when handed complaint of bullying" 16483: 16092: 13590: 3618:, who believe that the Conservatives should modify their public stances on social issues, and 'traditionalists' such as 1359:

caused by the miners' strike. Heath's attempt to win a second term at this "snap" election failed, as a deadlock result

1351:

and the last possible date for the next general election was not until mid-1975. However a general election was held in

1187:

While serving in Opposition during the late 1940s, the Conservative Party exploited and incited growing public anger at

21976: 21940: 21706: 21363: 21059: 21047: 20805: 20799: 20723: 20620: 20392: 20159: 19952: 19883: 19357: 19317: 18581:

The Thatcher Revolution: Margaret Thatcher, John Major, Tony Blair, and the Transformation of Modern Britain, 1979–2001

17498: 17459: 15889: 15570: 11112: 10052: 8514: 8459: 5525: 4490: 4348: 4238: 4158:"to improve the protection of critical infrastructure such as nuclear sites, railways and the strategic road network". 3738: 2044: 1278:

enacted by Labour were accepted by the Conservatives and became part of the "post-war consensus" that was satirised as

1260: 987:. The party was initially opposed to further expansion of the electorate but eventually allowed passage of Gladstone's 552: 510: 357: 277: 201: 108: 18379: 15291: 13180: 12856: 11258: 11029: 10598: 4493:, have also been significant donors to the party, contributing £430,000 and £8.1m respectively between 2007 and 2017. 4194:

includes substantially improved connections North-South as well as East-West and includes three new high speed lines.

1140:

led the breakup of the coalition, and the Conservatives governed until 1923, when a minority Labour government led by

21730: 20357: 20347: 20202: 20154: 20108: 19401: 19015: 18588: 18503: 18355: 17596: 17537: 16715: 16550: 11482: 11457: 11151: 10522: 10178: 9232: 9184: 9021: 8962: 8348: 8250: 7210: 7075: 5728: 5302: 5138: 4222: 4146:. The Conservatives' 2017 manifesto pledged to create a national infrastructure police force, subsuming the existing 3852: 3238: 2987: 1150: 17573: 14026: 11232: 3960:. In 2024, the Conservatives banned smoking for future generations, with an aim to make England smoke-free by 2030. 1047:. The two main parties were now almost dead equal in seats, but the Liberals kept control with a coalition with the 22160: 22108: 22024: 21983: 21658: 21472: 21144: 20885: 20787: 20583: 20482: 20312: 20031: 19913: 19897: 19491: 18940: 18855: 18800: 18080: 17726: 16183: 15514: 14550: 14080: 9549: 8679: 8525: 8431: 8378: 5880: 5248: 5084: 4618: 4606: 4463: 4317: 4298: 4116: 4047: 4039: 3835:

Conservative support for Israel was seen to crystallise. Support for Israel has increased under the leaderships of

3797: 3785: 3442: 3192: 3154: 2857: 2302: 1822:

May's Premiership was dominated by Brexit as she carried out negotiations with the European Union, adhering to the

1744:; these involved a large deficit in government finances that his government sought to reduce through controversial 1515: 1380: 1306:

promoted relatively liberal trade regulations and less state involvement throughout the 1950s and early 1960s. The

1177: 872: 790: 759: 696: 404: 191: 18670: 18547: 18300: 18021: 14791: 14267: 13237: 11434: 9886: 9736: 3685:(far left) and their spouses in 1988. Thatcher and Reagan developed a close relationship against the Soviet Union. 1707: 21670: 21368: 20497: 20179: 14912: 12795:"Boris Johnson fined: Prime minister apologises after receiving fixed penalty notice for lockdown-breaking party" 12020: 11003: 5966: 4413: 4069: 3988:

government extended student loan access in England to postgraduate students to help improve access to education.

3934: 3447: 2630: 1914:

eventually fined Johnson for breaking lockdown rules in April 2022. In July 2022, Johnson admitted to appointing

1188: 876: 609: 18820: 17853: 16924: 15166: 13825: 5754:(or Faith, Flag and Family), and is the oldest tradition within the Conservative Party, closely associated with 4104:

by 2050. The UK was the first major economy to embrace a legal obligation to achieve net zero carbon emissions.

21904: 21274: 20573: 20207: 20197: 19968: 19505: 17946: 17135: 11543: 10826: 10572: 8914: 8695:

in which all men over 21, and most women over the age of 30 could vote, and therefore a much larger electorate.

8643: 8495: 8320: 8315: 7984: 5640: 5436: 4669: 4246: 3922: 3587: 3437: 3159: 2788: 2249: 2185: 1812: 1741: 1651: 1203:

policies of the Labour Party to rally middle-class supporters and build a political comeback that won them the

779: 743: 599: 427: 18448:

The Crisis of conservatism: The politics, economics, and ideology of the British Conservative Party, 1880–1914

18341:

The Growth of the British Party System Volume II: 1924–1964, revised to 1966 Conservative-Labour Confrontation

15353: 15051: 9703:"Tories won more working class votes than Labour amid stark generation gap at general election, poll suggests" 4565:

shortly after the invasion of Ukraine determined that a £399,810 donation made by British-Israeli businessman

4500:

of the party represents donors who have given significant sums to the party, typically in excess of £250,000.

851: 22220: 21316: 20745: 20467: 20192: 19525: 19396: 19377: 18790: 18437:

The Crisis of Conservatism: The Politics, Economics and Ideology of the British Conservative Party, 1880–1914

16059: 13852: 11577: 8421: 8339: 5550: 5199: 4602: 4459: 4322: 4302: 4218: 3769:, this has often been observed most clearly where leaders in each country are of a similar political stripe. 3515: 3427: 1831: 1690: 1525: 1252: 538: 319: 18692:(2001); chronologies; relations with women, minorities, trade unions, EU, Ireland, social reform and empire. 17352: 1721:

with the Conservatives having the most seats but short of an overall majority. Following the resignation of

22190: 21814: 21766: 21580: 21544: 21532: 21174: 20608: 20542: 20387: 20327: 19075: 18655:

Thackeray, David. "Home and Politics: Women and Conservative Activism in Early Twentieth‐Century Britain,"

17658: 13613: 9261: 9062: 8549: 7030: 4614: 4590: 4111:). In November 2020, the Conservatives announced a 10-point plan for a 'green industrial revolution', with 3432: 3302: 1846: 1702: 1469:

with lower inflation and falling unemployment and Thatcher secured her third successive electoral victory.

1449:. She was deeply unpopular in certain sections of society due to high unemployment and her response to the 1146: 265: 18780: 18702:

Kowol, Kit. "Renaissance on the Right? New Directions in the History of the Post-War Conservative Party."

15446: 13036:"UK's Liz Truss pledges tax-cutting future in landmark speech plagued by protest and political infighting" 3796:

in the 2008 election. However, after becoming Prime Minister, Johnson developed a close relationship with

3611:. Thus the extent to which this policy represented a more liberal Conservative party has been challenged. 1090:

badly hurt its reputation. An all-party coalition government was formed in May 1915. In late 1916 Liberal

22215: 22084: 21964: 21928: 21874: 21412: 21333: 20614: 20174: 19466: 19337: 18058: 17196: 16365: 10687: 8284: 5680: 4573:. Kopytov, a former minister in Russian-occupied Crimea, has strong ties to Vladimir Putin's government. 4545: 4417: 4262: 3737:. The Conservatives have generally favoured a diverse range of international alliances, ranging from the 3379: 3057: 2056: 1896: 1827: 1726: 1594: 685: 18360:

Charmley, John. "Tories and Conservatives." in David Brown, Robert Crowcroft, and Gordon Pentland eds.,

14049: 10167: 22012: 22000: 21886: 21850: 21790: 21778: 21640: 21496: 21448: 21436: 21353: 21164: 21071: 20959: 20811: 20579: 20462: 20139: 18909: 16897: 15804:"UK was First Major Economy to Embrace a Legal Obligation to Achieve Net Zero Carbon Emissions by 2050" 15772: 15215:"How much research funding does the UK get from the EU and how does this compare with other countries?" 11339:"The Parliamentary Conservative Party: The leadership elections of William Hague and Iain Duncan Smith" 10379:

Matthew Francis, "A Crusade to Enfranchise the Many': Thatcherism and the 'Property-Owning Democracy."

10218: 8982: 8740: 8520: 8245: 5585: 5426: 5399: 5183:

is a strand of the one-nation school of thought; prominent Red Tories include former Cabinet Ministers

5149: 5028: 4863: 4693: 4610: 4522:, beginning in the early 2000s, for which it has been criticised. Scrutiny became more prominent after 4155: 4151: 3855:

movement on local politics which included prohibiting local councils from boycotting Israeli products.

3774: 3182: 3177: 3127: 3102: 2098: 1989: 1772: 623: 18198:"Who are the 'New Conservatives'? Their 12-point plan to pressure Rishi Sunak on migration, explained" 15863:"Government announces 78% climate emissions cut by 2035 - "historic milestone on path to net zero UK"" 14518: 14172: 13985: 12211: 10942: 10856: 10762: 10658: 10628: 3554:

One concrete economic policy of recent years has been opposition to the European single currency, the

2103: 22036: 21592: 21250: 21224: 21194: 21041: 21026: 20873: 20775: 20477: 20472: 20232: 19010: 19005: 18965: 18219: 14382: 11401: 9254:"Political Ideology and Social Services Contracting: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design" 9220:

Sell-Outs or Warriors for Change? A Comparative Look at Conservative Women in Politics in Democracies

8396: 8353: 4725: 4551:

One of the first was Lubov Chernukhin, wife of former deputy finance minister and investment company

3957: 3944:. However, views on drugs vary amongst some MPs in the party. Some Conservative politicians take the 3630:, who has argued that the party needs to renew its policies and image, and is said to be inspired by 3266: 3187: 3112: 3027: 2380: 1994: 1881: 1816: 1518:(ERM), after the pound fell lower than its minimum level in the ERM, a day thereafter referred to as 1048: 16029: 10392:

Zweiniger-Bargileowska, Ina. "Rationing, austerity and the Conservative party recovery after 1945."

10300:

Jarvis, David (1992). "Mrs. Maggs and Betty: The Conservative Appeal to Women Voters in the 1920s".

4684:

status in the parliament; the rules state that a European parliamentary caucus requires at least 25

22055: 21694: 21556: 21484: 21343: 21338: 21229: 21199: 21189: 21154: 21121: 20332: 20267: 20093: 20015: 19878: 18995: 15322: 14413: 11937: 8544: 8275: 8255: 5475: 5306: 5252: 5131: 4772: 4673: 4447: 4435: 4430: 4359: 4313: 4147: 4097: 3883: 3508: 3359: 3037: 2967: 2670: 2140: 1931: 1597:. However, before he could lead the party into a general election, Duncan Smith lost the vote on a 1059: 1028: 880: 837:. The most recent period of Conservative government was marked by extraordinary political turmoil. 397: 346: 215: 18695:

Harrison, Brian. "Margaret Thatcher's Impact on Historical Writing", in William Roger Louis, ed.,

17748: 16398:(7th ed.). Ashgate. Table 2.01 "Summary Results of General Elections 1832–2005 (UK)", p. 59. 15184: 14289: 13466: 13427: 12329: 10482:. "From 'Consensus' to 'Common Ground': The Rhetoric of the Postwar Settlement and its Collapse," 9519: 4482:, the party had an income of about £41.8 million and expenditures of about £41 million. 4394:

The membership fee for the Conservative Party is £25, or £5 if the member is under the age of 23.

21348: 21083: 21009: 20935: 20763: 20546: 20352: 20317: 20222: 20129: 19983: 19182: 19000: 18751:

Turner, John. "The British Conservative Party in the Twentieth Century: from Beginning to End?."

14887:"The Strategic Defence and Security Review: A Conservative View of Defence and Future Challenges" 8445: 8426: 8240: 5690: 5111: 4916: 4807: 4776: 4756: 4108: 3915: 3742: 3276: 3210: 3205: 2773: 2728: 2525: 2435: 2385: 2130: 2125: 1598: 1415: 1055: 810: 677: 432: 339: 11825:"Anyone with information on Tory 'serial rapist' claims, must report them to police, says Sunak" 9458: 4601:

The Conservative Party is a member of a number of international organisations, most notably the

1011:, held power for all but three of the following twenty years before suffering a heavy defeat in 21826: 21754: 21628: 21491: 21015: 20941: 20867: 20823: 20757: 20590: 20322: 19973: 18990: 18453: 16342:

Conservative and Unionist Central Office v. James Robert Samuel Burrell (HM Inspector of Taxes)

14611:"Board of Deputies – Political party manifestos- where they stand on issues of Jewish interest" 9348:

Framing TTIP in the European Public Spheres: Towards an Empowering Dissensus for EU Integration

8485: 8280: 7888: 6756: 6490: 5235:

but the free-market wing in the Conservative Party harbour a range of social opinions from the

4868: 4665: 4527: 4268:

There was also a split on whether to introduce a British Bill of Rights that would replace the

4187: 4143: 3422: 3017: 2977: 2733: 1963: 1730: 1000: 712: 417: 178: 17981: 17527: 17115: 16659: 10796: 10512: 10042: 4119:

capacity within a decade, fund a variety of emissions-cutting proposals, and spurn a proposed

3910:, and that it is not in the British interest to hand over security to any supranational body. 22048: 21959: 21219: 21053: 20879: 20817: 20661: 20624: 20292: 20257: 19327: 17627: 16701: 12094: 10325: 10323: 8591: 5747: 5721: 5695: 5480: 5318: 5228: 5072: 4878: 4836: 4799: 4633: 4578: 4269: 4179: 4171: 4139: 4065: 3544: 3540: 3496: 3220: 3137: 3132: 2753: 2259: 1967: 1341: 751: 673: 353: 332: 304: 18744:

Porter, Bernard. "'Though Not an Historian Myself...'Margaret Thatcher and the Historians."

18710:"Renaissance on the Right? New Directions in the History of the Post-War Conservative Party" 17973: 15020: 11091:"Mr Major's Comments on the Economy (I) – 22 April 1993 – The Rt. Hon. Sir John Major KG CH" 10712:

Aled Davies, "'Right to Buy': The Development of a Conservative Housing Policy, 1945–1980."

10148: 3312: 1531:

The party was plagued by internal division and infighting, mainly over the UK's role in the

21838: 21149: 21109: 21077: 21065: 20362: 20307: 20103: 20098: 19999: 19161: 19132: 18975: 18960: 9346: 8539: 8500: 8334: 4846: 4677: 4203: 4112: 4073: 3949: 3864: 3762: 3548: 3369: 3349: 3149: 3097: 3007: 2957: 2833: 2190: 2108: 2076: 1734: 1248: 1087: 412: 247: 237: 20683: 18930: 10320: 875:, which it soon replaced. Other historians point to a faction, rooted in the 18th century 8: 21742: 21179: 20997: 20926: 20651: 20487: 20134: 19978: 19347: 19232: 18522: 18166: 16901: 16865: 16813: 15006: 8605: 8490: 5530: 5461: 5314: 5048: 4851: 4841: 4826: 4784: 4760: 4740: 4556: 4443: 4003:

qualification aimed at improving the teaching and administration of technical education.

3969: 3933:

In 1945 the Conservatives declared support for universal healthcare. They introduced the

3484: 3417: 3329: 3117: 2917: 2455: 2086: 2071: 1911: 1431: 895: 775: 731: 669: 482: 442: 422: 308: 283: 18697:

Irrepressible Adventures with Britannia: Personalities, Politics, and Culture in Britain

16145:"Rail industry response to Conservative Party announcement about Great British Railways" 12944:"Cost-of-living crisis: Workers have gone without meals or pawned posessions says Union" 10020: 9610:"Tories have unhealthy financial reliance on property developers, says report | Housing" 8861: 5301:

for her defence of liberal economics. Groups associated with this tradition include the

4462:, which takes place in Autumn in alternately Manchester or Birmingham. This is when the 3464: 1582:

had seen the Conservatives briefly take a narrow lead over Labour in the opinion polls.

21635: 21508: 21249:

candidates stand jointly with the Labour Party. 5 independent MPs work together in the

21246: 21115: 20602: 20144: 19548: 19431: 19202: 18945: 17140: 17103: 16450: 16419: 16345: 16221: 15261: 13731: 10792: 10123: 9413: 9374: 9352: 9282: 9170: 6267: 5313:

are usually cited as early influences in the movement. Some free-market supporters and

4999: 4657: 4561: 4242: 4226: 4089: 4035: 3344: 2877: 2828: 2540: 2405: 2400: 2297: 2093: 1665:

The Conservatives' time in office was marked by several controversies. The presence of

1411: 1364: 1243: 1231: 1227: 1091: 1082: 996: 964: 950: 755: 700: 298: 18407: 10349: 10273: 3677: 3598: 1125: 22120: 21701: 21169: 20861: 20741: 20382: 20302: 19757: 19701: 19635: 19585: 19342: 19277: 19262: 19252: 19237: 19167: 19153: 19085: 18774: 18639: 18584: 18461: 18372: 18351: 18272: 18253: 17974: 17688: 17533: 17494: 17455: 17360: 17237: 16711: 16665: 16399: 16278: 15897: 15265: 14861: 14421: 14318: 13735: 13723: 13681: 13370: 13245: 11513: 11374: 11312: 11199: 11167: 10726: 10690:

and Dennis Kavanagh, "The British General Election of 1979", Macmillan, 1979, p. 154.

10518: 10508: 10414: 10365: 10174: 10127: 10048: 9924: 9378: 9364: 9286: 9228: 9180: 9136: 9017: 8958: 8260: 8235: 7536: 7316: 7088: 6811: 6279: 5810: 5759: 5751: 5575: 5379: 5332: 5283: 5263:. The Thatcherite wing is also associated with the concept of a "classless society". 5260: 5236: 5211: 5184: 5153: 5023: 4992: 4921: 4906: 4764: 4729: 4519: 4293: 4138:

The party has also campaigned for the creation of a UK Bill of Rights to replace the

3872: 3832: 3828: 3766: 3567: 3407: 3364: 3324: 3261: 3215: 3200: 2937: 2897: 2690: 2603: 2598: 2495: 2490: 1586: 1481: 1422:, based on social and economic ideas from British and American intellectuals such as 1396: 1389: 1303: 1256: 1158: 1129: 1099: 1023: 980: 716: 704: 657: 16248: 13363:"Conservative Party manifesto 2024: Rishi Sunak's policies for the general election" 12413: 5468: 3705:, favouring close ties with the United States and similarly aligned nations such as 2332: 959:

in 1830. The name immediately caught on and was formally adopted under the aegis of

715:

merged with the party to form the Conservative and Unionist Party. Rivalry with the

22210: 21604: 21424: 20342: 19515: 19247: 18970: 18721: 16391: 16192: 16179:"British Capitalism and European Unification, from Ottawa to the Brexit Referendum" 15385: 15253: 14823:"Tories to ban councils from boycotting products from Israel under manifesto plans" 13715: 13673: 13305: 10309: 10229: 10115: 9356: 9322: 9274: 9126: 7269: 6787: 5775: 5714: 5570: 5240: 5123: 4931: 4755:

The Conservative Party has a variety of internal factions or ideologies, including

4689: 4644:

respectively. In the European Parliament, the Conservative Party's MEPs sat in the

4585: 4055:

disadvantaged women, which had been the subject of numerous reports by the Radio 4

4043: 3991:

Within the EU, the UK was one of the largest recipients of research funding in the

3953: 3941: 3918:

and EU Battlegroups to determine if there is any value in Britain's participation.

3649: 3642: 3374: 3334: 3297: 3271: 2927: 2783: 2758: 2655: 2573: 2480: 2375: 2254: 2234: 1760: 1473: 1299: 1219: 1161:, saw the United Kingdom through the Second World War. However, the party lost the 1141: 1120: 1054:

In 1912, the Liberal Unionists merged with the Conservative Party. In Ireland, the

955: 899: 649: 626:) and Scotland, principal councils in Wales and local councils in Northern Ireland. 288: 18847: 18110: 17387:"Tories will keep Russia-linked donations totalling £1.93 million, says Liz Truss" 16956: 16607: 16519: 15651: 15105: 13526: 12912: 12886: 12825: 12763: 12585: 12555: 12525: 12495: 12465: 12439: 12355: 12237: 12068: 12042: 10453: 10203: 4253:'s reforms, such as the removal of the hereditary peers, the incorporation of the 3898:

that there is scope for expanding NATO's Article V to include new threats such as

1851: 1752:

by 55% No to 45% Yes on the question "Should Scotland be an independent country".

789:

For much of modern British political history, the United Kingdom exhibited a wide

699:

and was one of two dominant political parties in the 19th century, along with the

21911: 21253: 21234: 21094: 20953: 20947: 20915: 20492: 19481: 19476: 19436: 19227: 18955: 18814: 18794: 18674: 18612: 18551: 18510: 18479:

The Politics of Coalition: How the Conservative-Liberal Democrat Government Works

18430:

Ideologies of conservatism: conservative political ideas in the twentieth century

18386: 18304: 18144: 17488: 17449: 17288:

Greenwood, George; Midolo, Emanuele; O'Neill, Sean; Fisher, Lucy (23 July 2020).

17042: 16504: 15683: 15088: 14761:"U.K.'s Conservative Party vows to ban councils from boycotting Israeli products" 12645: 12126: 10441: 9270: 9121: 9011: 8950: 8662: 8577: 8270: 6866: 5783: 5700: 5565: 5495: 5415: 5298: 5119: 5060: 4926: 4857: 4721: 4653: 4569:

in 2018 was in fact given directly to him by his father-in-law, Russian oligarch

4388: 4363: 4167: 3781: 3750: 3746: 3631: 3627: 3253: 3248: 2813: 2808: 2738: 2680: 2563: 2460: 2440: 2395: 2390: 2322: 2239: 2211: 1971: 1808: 1718: 1638: 1630: 1520: 1427: 1423: 1360: 1137: 984: 967:. The term "Conservative Party" rather than Tory was the dominant usage by 1845. 798: 771: 676:

of the political spectrum. It encompasses various ideological factions including

524: 222: 21285: 18826: 16744: 13638: 13149: 12974:"Liz Truss to freeze energy bills at £2,500 a year average, funded by borrowing" 12184: 12158: 11854: 9669: 9360: 9327: 9304: 5118:

in the 1970s. It has included in its ranks Conservative Prime Ministers such as

4421:

which can only be organised if backed by a petition of more than fifty members.

1962:, including price caps on energy bills and government help to pay them. Truss's 22091: 22072: 21611: 20840: 19929: 19769: 19650: 19567: 19558: 19486: 19411: 19406: 19282: 19192: 19048: 18662:

Windscheffel, Alex. "Men or Measures? Conservative Party Politics, 1815–1951,"

18631: 17230:"Russian-born husband of Tory donor 'earned millions via oligarch connections'" 16861:"Conservative youth wing relaunched in bid to win back millennials from Labour" 16778:"Conservative youth wing relaunched in bid to win back millennials from Labour" 16387: 14484: 13496: 13402:"Sunak says he will bring back National Service if Tories win general election" 13181:"U.K. Prime Minister Liz Truss announces resignation after six weeks in office" 11964: 11338: 10406: 9010:

Vries, Catherine; Hobolt, Sara; Proksch, Sven-Oliver; Slapin, Jonathan (2021).

8509: 7803: 6628: 5821:

National campaigning within the Conservative Party is fundamentally managed by

5806: 5675: 5545: 5485: 5297:

Thatcher herself claimed philosophical inspiration from the works of Burke and

5279: 4956: 4941: 4780: 4629: 4570: 4336: 4120: 4093: 3992: 3824: 3813: 3809: 3777: 3698: 3662: 3559: 2818: 2748: 2695: 2588: 2568: 2520: 2475: 2450: 2425: 2415: 2370: 2360: 2355: 2224: 2160: 1604: 1544: 1532: 1356: 1107: 1008: 913: 767: 763: 747: 708: 653: 622: Councillors of local authorities in England (including 25 aldermen of the 468: 447: 392: 18636:

Back from the Brink: The Extraordinary Fall and Rise of the Conservative Party

17281: 16197: 16178: 15257: 13092:"Liz Truss abandons plan to scrap 45p top rate of income tax amid Tory revolt" 12383:"Election 2017 polls latest: YouGov explains shock hung parliament prediction" 10434: 10119: 9520:"Europe-wide political divide emerging between cities and countryside – study" 9131: 9116: 4312:

Members of the public join the party by becoming part of a local constituency

3784:

foreign policy. Despite traditional links between the UK Conservatives and US

3614:

Since 1997 debate has occurred within the party between 'modernisers' such as

1936: 1662:

referendum and the process to implement the decision to leave the trade bloc.

1323: 22154: 22103: 21257: 21204: 21159: 21103: 20372: 19805: 19781: 19745: 19599: 19576: 19553: 19510: 19471: 19446: 19297: 19287: 19272: 17785: 17364: 17264:"FinCEN Files: Tory donor Lubov Chernukhin linked to $ 8m Putin ally funding" 17241: 16697: 16212: 16084: 15901: 15600:"Universal Credit: Amber Rudd acknowledges real problems with welfare system" 14865: 14425: 13727: 13685: 13582: 13374: 13276:"Reform UK overtakes Conservatives in new poll in fresh blow for Rishi Sunak" 13249: 12616:"Johnson seeks 12 December election after shelving 'do or die' Brexit pledge" 10479: 9928: 9140: 8265: 7998: 7850: 7756: 5763: 5520: 5291: 5256: 5244: 5216: 5180: 5176: 5161: 4985: 4961: 4946: 4883: 4873: 4736: 4713: 4701: 4574: 4085: 4057: 4012: 3921:

The Conservatives support the UK's possession of nuclear weapons through the

3899: 3840: 3789: 3770: 3694: 3682: 3653: 3635: 3623: 3578: 3354: 3307: 2907: 2803: 2793: 2778: 2718: 2640: 2625: 2583: 2515: 2500: 2470: 2430: 2420: 2327: 2244: 2219: 2005: 1915: 1862: 1855: 1823: 1711: 1682: 1670: 1634: 1618: 1571: 1465: 1275: 1239: 1235: 1036: 834: 830: 739: 720: 86: 71: 20670: 18500:

Electing Our Masters: The Hustings in British Politics from Hogarth to Blair

18167:"1835 General Election Results | From A Vision of Britain through Time" 17529:

From Soapbox to Soundbite: Party Political Campaigning in Britain since 1945

17136:"Major Donation to U.K. Conservative Party Was Flagged Over Russia Concerns" 16217:"Commons Votes, 356 to 242, for Britain's Membership in the European Market" 15924:"Labour slams PM for failure to create national infrastructure police force" 15562: 13665: 10971: 10169:

The Peers, the Parties and the People: The British General Elections of 1910

1891:

resulted in the Conservatives winning a majority, the Party's largest since

1453:. Unemployment had doubled between 1979 and 1982, largely due to Thatcher's 1410:

As Prime Minister, Thatcher focused on rejecting the mild liberalism of the

20991: 20897: 20855: 19689: 19645: 19534: 19520: 19461: 19392: 19257: 19242: 18985: 18950: 18025: 16929: 15828: 15358: 14354: 13122:"Liz Truss says she has 'absolutely no shame' in performing tax cut U-turn" 12302: 12269: 11655:"Member of David Cameron's team accused of groping woman's breast at No 10" 10313: 10162: 8888:

Bale, Tim (2011). The Conservative Party: From Thatcher to Cameron. p. 145.

7363: 7222: 5779: 5755: 5685: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5580: 5560: 5394: 5310: 5275: 5267: 5224: 5220: 5195: 5188: 5172: 5134: 5127: 4911: 4888: 4831: 4505: 4326: 4214: 4207: 3876: 3801: 3793: 3718: 3243: 2768: 2675: 2650: 2645: 2620: 2608: 2593: 2578: 2545: 2535: 2510: 2365: 2269: 2165: 1955: 1722: 1674: 1626: 1540: 1514:

On 16 September 1992, the Government suspended Britain's membership of the

1385: 1333: 1327: 1295: 946: 903: 814: 762:. Historically, the party supported the continuance and maintenance of the 273: 21035: 20769: 18725: 17950: 17322:"Revealed: The Tories are still receiving funds from Russia-linked donors" 16925:"City's influence over Conservatives laid bare by research into donations" 14260:"Say one thing, do another? The government's record rise in net migration" 13939:

Payne, Sebastian (16 December 2017). "Where next for the Conservatives?".

13792:"The UK's parliament is still the gayest in the world after 2019 election" 11908:"Tories 'have mishandled bullying and sexual misconduct claims for years'" 11143: 5829:

National campaigning sometimes occurs in-house by volunteers and staff at

4728:, an image of a hand carrying a torch was developed, which referenced the 4628:(ECR Party), which unites conservative parties in opposition to a federal 22019: 21971: 21881: 21665: 21003: 20891: 20793: 19829: 19793: 19496: 19441: 19307: 19292: 19127: 17718: 17565: 15630:"Is the National Minimum Wage Safe Under a Conservative Government Poll?" 14581:"The New Special Relationship: The British Conservative Party and Israel" 14018: 13238:"Sunak Announces U.K. Elections for July 4, Months Earlier Than Expected" 8045: 7942: 5929: 5834: 5655: 5635: 5388: 5384: 5369: 5287: 5271: 5115: 4966: 4951: 4768: 4566: 4486: 4213:

The Conservative Party has members with varying opinions of the EU, with

4017: 3996: 3945: 3937:, constituting the biggest reformation that the NHS has ever undertaken. 3868: 3836: 3722: 3714: 3690: 3658: 3615: 3536: 3412: 3225: 2763: 2713: 2665: 2660: 2530: 2505: 2485: 2410: 2264: 2205: 2200: 2113: 1998: 1788: 1781: 1678: 1590: 1419: 1307: 1279: 1251:

of MPs. In practice, it may have had the effect of lending more power to

1200: 960: 855: 794: 735: 724: 681: 58: 16922: 15506: 12043:"David Cameron and George Osborne hail plan after UK deficit target met" 11624:"Tory MPs Daniel Kawczynski, Dan Poulter and Stephen Crabb investigated" 10106:

Fraser, Peter (1962). "Unionism and Tariff Reform: The Crisis of 1906".

9737:"How Labour's Working-Class Vote Crumbled and Its Nemesis Won the North" 8944: 8942: 8571: 5859:

This chart shows the electoral performance of the Conservative Party in

5227:". The group has disparate views of social policy: Thatcher herself was 5148:. Ideologically, one-nation conservatism identifies itself with a broad 5114:

was the party's dominant ideology in the 20th century until the rise of

5055: 4115:, an end to the sale of petrol and diesel cars, quadruple the amount of 1906:. From late 2021 onwards, Johnson received huge public backlash for the 21916: 21568: 21455: 20965: 20124: 19723: 19604: 19594: 19589: 19580: 19571: 19562: 19387: 19267: 18667: 18544: 18297: 18088: 17263: 15975:"7 infrastructure takeaways from the 2024 Conservative Party manifesto" 15595: 14701:"Sajid Javid set to announce full ban of Hezbollah at party conference" 14259: 13719: 13639:"Gay marriage: MPs back bill despite Conservative backbench opposition" 12854: 12131: 11426: 10287:

The Party of Patriotism: The Conservative Party and the First World War

9640:"Conservatives 'receive donations worth £17,500 a day from developers'" 9278: 9117:"The 2022 Conservative Leadership Campaign and Post-racial Gatekeeping" 7667: 5795: 5670: 5490: 5409: 5374: 4936: 4717: 4697: 4531: 4439: 4408:

Associations select their constituency's candidates. Some associations

4250: 4051: 3844: 3641:

The party has strongly criticised what it describes as Labour's "state

3563: 3319: 2838: 2823: 2723: 2445: 2307: 1503: 1496: 1454: 1016: 829:. However, since the EU referendum in 2016, the Conservatives targeted 818: 210: 18322:(Oxford UP, 1992), 581 pp; 29 essays by scholars on specialized topics 17255: 15292:"[Withdrawn] Education Secretary announces first new T Levels" 15137:"British Conservatives Pushing Through "World's Toughest Smoking Ban"" 12016: 11737:"All the Tories embroiled in sexual misconduct allegations since 2019" 9917:"The Sordid Story of the Most Successful Political Party in the World" 1550:

The Conservative government was increasingly accused in the media of "

22115: 22043: 21899: 21773: 21431: 21209: 21127: 20781: 20457: 19817: 19302: 19222: 19197: 18486:

Cameron and the Conservatives: The Transition to Coalition Government

17996:"Conservative MPs call for 'moral values' agenda : ePolitix.com" 17294: 17051: 16703:

Personal Representation: The Neglected Dimension of Electoral Systems

14519:"London mayor Boris Johnson eyes Trump-style insurgency in EU battle" 13829: 13677: 12298:"Theresa May appeals to centre ground but cabinet tilts to the right" 10831:"Consumer Price Indices – RPI annual percentage change: 1948 to 2014" 10250:

Goodlad, Graham D. (1998). "The 'Crisis' of Edwardian Conservatism".

9305:"Charitable behaviour and political affiliation: Evidence for the UK" 9224: 9175: 8939: 8387: 6770: 5758:. The name stems from its support for three social institutions: the 5650: 5645: 5630: 5500: 5421: 5157: 4340: 3848: 3730: 3710: 3384: 3122: 2465: 2317: 2312: 2274: 2150: 2135: 1947: 1940: 1907: 1777: 1441:

Thatcher led the Conservatives to two further electoral victories in

1196: 1192: 1064: 45: 21256:. Sinn Féin have elected members and offices at Westminster, but as 18709: 17880:"Tories at war: what happened to the world's most successful party?" 17416:"Anti-gay, climate change deniers: meet David Cameron's new friends" 17290:"Conservative Party ministers bankrolled by donors linked to Russia" 13766:"MPs vote for gay marriage bill by 400 to 175 in face of widespread" 13701:"Cameron's Conservative Party, social liberalism and social justice" 11686:"Scandal after scandal: timeline of Tory sleaze under Boris Johnson" 11593:"Tory MPs blocked bid to sign up to code stopping sexual harassment" 10701:

British Politics Since 1945: The Rise, Fall and Rebirth of Consensus

10216: 8220:

List of organisations associated with the British Conservative Party

5130:. One-nation Conservatives in the contemporary party include former 3867:, the Conservative Party supported the coalition military action in 3689:

For much of the 20th century, the Conservative Party took a broadly

1589:

was elected leader of the party. Although Duncan Smith was a strong

983:, who carried through their own expansion of the franchise with the 22007: 21947: 21869: 21845: 21785: 21623: 21575: 21515: 21419: 20337: 19501: 18264: 17928: 17201: 16749: 16634:"Tory leadership: Who gets to choose the UK's next prime minister?" 16608:"Tory leadership: Who gets to choose the UK's next prime minister?" 16582:"Tory membership increases to 160,000 ahead of leadership election" 15656: 15563:"BBC Radio 4 – You and Yours, Universal Credit and electric planes" 14523: 14457: 12857:"UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson resigns after mutiny in his party" 12737:

Stewart, Heather; Proctor, Kate; Siddique, Haroon (12 March 2020).

12526:"Boris Johnson in 'deal or no deal' Brexit challenge to rival Hunt" 9318: 9160: 8983:"Never mind the politics, get a Brexit deal done, says UK business" 5767: 5660: 5456: 5431: 5404: 5232: 5145: 4101: 3619: 2292: 2229: 2155: 1215: 1195:, and government bureaucracy. It used the dissatisfaction with the 1058:

had been formed in 1891 which merged Unionists who were opposed to

1035:, which produced a massive Liberal victory. Liberal Prime Minister 374: 18786: 18362:

The Oxford Handbook of Modern British Political History, 1800–2000

17353:"Party funding linked to Russia – how much have Tories benefited?" 17078:

Mason, Rowena; editor, Rowena Mason Whitehall (29 December 2022).

16923:

Syal, Rajeev; Treanor, Jill; Mathiason, Nick (30 September 2011).

14889:. Royal United Services Institute. 8 February 2010. Archived from 14671:"Theresa May appears to align herself with Donald Trump on Israel" 13557:"Boris Johnson has ended the age of austerity – but his party isn" 13003:

Webber, Esther; Brenton, Hannah; Courea, Eleni (11 October 2022).

12887:"Boris Johnson: The inside story of the prime minister's downfall" 12826:"Boris Johnson resigns: Five things that led to the PM's downfall" 11855:"Deputy PM Oliver Dowden denies cover-up over MP rape allegations" 9856:"The Conservative Party may be destroyed by this European madness" 9490:"Keep Sunday Special: Why Sunday trading regulations need to stay" 4375: 4237:

Traditionally the Conservative Party has supported the uncodified

4206:(which became the European Union) was Conservative Prime Minister 1629:

as Prime Minister. The Conservatives gained control of the London

1492: 22171:

Alliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe member parties

21857: 21833: 21809: 21797: 21761: 21725: 21713: 21689: 21677: 21653: 21587: 21479: 21443: 21407: 18768: 16842:"Elliott Johnson: the young Tory destroyed by the party he loved" 14290:"Sunak under pressure as net migration to UK hits record 745,000" 14203:"Priti Patel scraps freedom of movement in new immigration rules" 13207:"Tories facing wipeout as Labour takes 36-point lead in new poll" 12586:"Brexit showdown: Who were Tory rebels who defied Boris Johnson?" 12017:"What is austerity and where could 'eye-watering' cuts fall now?" 11882:"Rape claims against Tory MP were not covered up, says deputy PM" 9409:"How a change in leadership could affect UK's Conservative Party" 8114: 5605: 4696:(EPP). It did so on the grounds that it is dominated by European 4273: 4000: 3981: 3831:

supported the idea of national home for the Jewish people. Under

3339: 2195: 1644: 826: 18320:

Churchill: A Major New Reassessment of His Life in Peace and War

18287:

Portrait of a Party: The Conservative Party in Britain 1918–1945

17628:"The history of political party logos and what they really mean" 17287: 16891: 15833:"The key areas of Boris Johnson's 'green industrial revolution'" 15477:"Reforming the Apprenticeships Programme in England (2010–2015)" 12212:"UK PM Cameron says will step down by October after Brexit vote" 11712:"Why a tide of sexual allegations has swept through Westminster" 9430:"Righter than Right: Tories' Hardline Drift May Lose the Public" 9054: 1294:

with larger majorities. Conservative Prime Ministers Churchill,

22079: 22067: 21995: 21923: 21802: 21749: 21682: 21599: 21563: 21527: 21503: 21467: 20982: 18842: 18397:

British conservatism: the politics and philosophy of inequality

14234:"How have Priti Patel's previous pledges on immigration fared?" 14081:"UK immigration hits record high, causing headache for Cameron" 12739:"Johnson: many more people will lose loved ones to coronavirus" 11799:"36 MPs named in Tory sexual misconduct 'spreadsheet of shame'" 9166:

The Conservative Party After Brexit: Turmoil and Transformation

8957:. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. p. 143. 8794:"Conservatives re-launch youth wing in a bid to take on Labour" 5610: 5152:

stance. One-nation Conservatives are often associated with the

4552: 4351:(CCHQ) is effectively head of the Professional Party and leads 3820: 3726: 3706: 3666: 3389: 2337: 2004:

On 24 October 2022, Rishi Sunak was declared Leader, the first

1800: 1740:

Cameron's premiership was marked by the ongoing effects of the

1659: 1658:

in response. From 2015 the predominant political event was the

1407:

with a manifesto which concentrated on the party's philosophy.

924: 822: 806: 707:, it played a preeminent role in politics at the height of the 496: 18517:

Angels in Marble: Working-class Conservatives in Urban England

17163:"These are the Conservative Party's secretive links to Russia" 14050:"As EU vote looms, immigration rise piles pressure on Cameron" 13067:"How Kwasi Kwarteng's mini-budget hit UK economy – in numbers" 10825: 9829:"Book Review: The Conservative Party from Thatcher to Cameron" 22031: 21821: 21737: 21551: 21539: 17493:. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. p. 43. 17080:"One in 10 Tory peers have given more than £100,000 to party" 12122:"It is 1992 all over again for David Cameron's Conservatives" 9954:

James, Liam; Middleton, Joe; Dalton, Jane (11 January 2023).

4704:, which the Conservatives were generally highly critical of. 4637: 3808:

with the United States following Britain's withdraw from the

3734: 907: 17041: 16337: 16335: 16005:"The second cycling and walking investment strategy (CWIS2)" 14641:"Britain's PM rebukes John Kerry for his 'attack' on Israel" 14350:"UK passes bill to honour pledge of 0.7% foreign aid target" 12677:"Brexit: MPs pass withdrawal agreement bill by 124 majority" 11965:"Election 2010: David Cameron becomes new UK Prime Minister" 10972:

Anthony Heath, Roger Jowell and John Curtice (29 May 1994).

9303:

Alzuabi, Raslan; Brown, Sarah; Taylor, Karl (October 2022).

4605:

which unites right-wing parties including the United States

4276:

Ken Clarke described it as "xenophobic and legal nonsense".

586: 21935: 20713: 18567:

British Politics, 1910–1935: The Crisis of the Party System

18369:

From Crisis to Coalition: The Conservative Party, 1997–2010

17850:

The British Journal of Politics and International Relations

17490:

Britain at the polls, 1983: a study of the general election

17261: 16692: 16690: 13883:"Liam Fox: Colourful politician with traditionalist agenda" 12330:"May says has triggered Article 50 to begin Brexit process" 9768:"The Conservatives' attack on the ECHR: A Long Time Coming" 8634:

List of Conservative Party (UK) general election manifestos

5830: 5826: 5341: 4744: 4685: 4458:

The major annual party events are the Spring Forum and the

3977: 3907: 3894: 3702: 3571: 3555: 2145: 1803:

in March 2017. In April 2017, the Cabinet agreed to hold a

1336:'s 1970–74 government was known for taking the UK into the 783: 18690:

The Longman Companion to the Conservative Party Since 1830

18619:

The Age of Disraeli, 1868–1881: The Rise of Tory Democracy

18337:

The Growth of the British Party System Volume I: 1640–1923

17812:"The siren song of the neocons in David Cameron's cabinet" 16310:"The threat to our democracy buried in the Tory manifesto" 13332:"Conservative manifesto 2024: summary of the key policies" 10514:

Britain Since 1945: The People's Peace: The People's Peace

10081:

The Growth of the British Party System Volume I: 1640–1923

9115:

Saini, Rima; Bankole, Michael; Begum, Neema (April 2023).

4624:

At a European level, the Conservatives are members of the

3952:, are in favour of full drug prohibition. Legalisation of 3804:. This has also been described as a reestablishing of the 1725:, Cameron was named Prime Minister, and the Conservatives 1395:

Loss of power weakened Heath's control over the party and

949:" was suggested as a title for the party in an article by 19841: 18399:(IB Tauris, 2010), Covers more than just political party. 18292:

Beer, Samuel. "The Conservative Party of Great Britain,"

18250:

The Conservatives since 1945: the Drivers of Party Change

17047:"The Tory donors with access to Boris Johnson's top team" 16520:"Conservative membership has nearly halved under Cameron" 16332: 12265:"May promises social reform in centrist leadership pitch" 12069:"Cameron and Miliband unite to oppose Scots independence" 11768:"Have the Conservatives got a sexual harassment problem?" 9086:"What does Tory mean and where does this term come from?" 5766:

and the family. To this end, it emphasises the country's

5165: 1807:

on 8 June. In a shock result, the election resulted in a

1337: 1153:). In May 1940, a more balanced coalition was formed—the 970: 719:

has shaped modern British politics for the last century.

16687: 12708:"End of the Brexit transition period: What will change?" 12238:"Theresa May set to be UK PM after Andrea Leadsom quits" 10435:

Fyfe, David Patrick Maxwell, Earl of Kilmuir (1900–1967)

9016:. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. p. 145. 9009: 8976: 8974: 8717:

Franchise extended to all 18- to 20-year-olds under the

8197:

Majority government (1900-1905); Opposition (1905-1906).

8161:

Opposition (1865-1866); Minority government (1866-1868).

8143:

Opposition (1857-1858); Minority government (1858-1859).

8101:

Majority government (1841-1846); Opposition (1846-1847).

5872:

For results of the Tories, the party's predecessor, see

4656:, before which the Conservative Party's MEPs sat in the 1895:. The party won several constituencies, particularly in 1077:

History of the United Kingdom during the First World War

738:

since the 1980s, although historically it advocated for

18602:

Conservative Century: The Conservative Party since 1900

17451:

Images of Power: How the Image Makers Shape Our Leaders

16892:

Crone, Stephen; Wilks-Heeg, Stuart (20 December 2010).

16085:"Rail franchises axed as help for train firms extended" 13614:"Conservatives split as first gay marriage vote passes" 13150:"Liz Truss resigns as prime minister after Tory revolt" 12855:

Jack Guy, Luke MGee and Ivana Kottasova (7 July 2022).

12556:"Brexit: Tory MP defects ahead of crucial no deal vote" 10375: 10373: 9013:

Foundations of European Politics A Comparative Approach

8949:

Falkenbach, Michelle; Greer, Scott (7 September 2021).

4397: 1878:

21 Conservative MPs had the Conservative whip withdrawn

1367:

support to form a coalition government. Labour won the

883:

in the 1780s. They were known as "Independent Whigs", "

16745:"The costly process of becoming an election candidate" 15684:"National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage rates" 15652:"Budget 2015: Osborne commits to national living wage" 15417:"Conservative manifesto 2015: summary of key policies" 15354:"Family at heart of Conservative policy, says Cameron" 15246:"UK government gives Brexit science funding guarantee" 14945:. Conservative Party. 11 February 2010. Archived from 14489:"New York Post compares Boris Johnson to Donald Trump" 12736: 11703: 11200:"Poll tracker: Interactive guide to the opinion polls" 9798:"How the Tories became the party of the working class" 8821: 8819: 5816: 4513: 4161: 4142:, but this was vetoed by their coalition partners the 3968:

In education, the Conservatives pledged to review the

18493:

British Political Opinion 1937–2000: The Gallup Polls

18045: 18043: 17409: 17407: 17378: 16060:"UK Government Launches Active Travel England | CIHT" 14999:"British Conservative Party election manifesto, 1945" 14282: 14173:"FactCheck: Are migrants causing the A&E crisis?" 12414:"Theresa May and the DUP deal: What you need to know" 11544:"Conservative or Labour preference ("forced choice")" 8971: 6759:

in 1912 to become the Conservative and Unionist Party

5789: 5750:

right-wing grouping is currently associated with the

4221:, while some Eurosceptics left the party to join the 4130: 3657:

globally. In 2019 former Conservative Home Secretary

3602:

Conservative Party supporters at Pride London in 2010

1946:

Boris Johnson's successor as leader was confirmed as

1611:

on 6 November 2003. Under Howard's leadership in the

766:. The party has taken various approaches towards the 22196:

European Conservatives and Reformists member parties

20554:

European Conservatives Group and Democratic Alliance

20072:

Organisations associated with the Conservative Party

18626:

The Age of Salisbury, 1881–1902: Unionism and Empire

17197:"Why Britain's Tories are addicted to Russian money" 16664:(2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. p. 202. 12913:"How Liz Truss won the Conservative leadership race" 11759: 10887:"On This Day 1990: Thatcher quits as prime minister" 10370: 10173:. Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press. 9953: 8858:"Capping welfare and working to control immigration" 8567: 5290:, something exhibited between Margaret Thatcher and 4355:, organisation of elections and drafting of policy. 4123:. In 2021, the Conservatives announced plans to cut 4064:

Until 1999, Conservatives opposed the creation of a

1570:

Major resigned as party leader and was succeeded by

1363:. Heath resigned within days, after failing to gain 1132:, who was twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 770:(EU), with eurosceptic and, to a decreasing extent, 695:

The Conservative Party was founded in 1834 from the

18877: 18621:(A History of the Conservative Party Series) (1992) 17659:"Tories seek to win gay vote with new rainbow logo" 17071: 16957:"Labour was best-funded UK political party in 2013" 15802:Wren, Gwenyth; Christensen, Thomas (12 July 2021). 15185:"Student loans extended to postgraduates in Budget" 15106:"'Surprise and disappointment' at UK drug response" 14943:"Liam Fox: The EU should only act when NATO cannot" 13631: 13306:"Rishi Sunak: Tory manifesto will include tax cuts" 13002: 12440:"Brexit: Theresa May says it's Chequers or no deal" 11847: 11729: 11677: 10450:, Oxford University Press. Retrieved 4 August 2007 9670:"Why some farmers are turning away from the Tories" 8816: 8206:

Minority government (1923); Opposition (1923-1924).

8188:

Minority government (1892); Opposition (1892-1895).

8179:

Minority government (1885-1886); Opposition (1886).

8170:

Opposition (1880-1885); Minority government (1885).

8152:

Minority government (1859); Opposition (1859-1865).

8134:

Minority government (1852); Opposition (1852-1857).

8125:

Opposition (1847-1852); Minority government (1852).

4632:, through which the Conservatives have ties to the 4080: 3886:and committed to carrying out a more comprehensive 1311:Circle', a formal election process was created and 1222:

is closely associated with the post-war settlement.

774:factions within it. Historically, the party took a 18423:The conservatives in crisis: the Tories after 1997 18040: 17871: 17404: 17190: 17188: 16684:Constitution of the Conservative Party, Schedule 6 15744: 14966: 14964: 14453:"Donald Trump and Boris Johnson kiss and make Out" 13699:Hayton, Richard; McEnhill, Libby (20 April 2015). 13583:"Chancellor Sajid Javid declares end of austerity" 12764:"Partygate: A timeline of the lockdown gatherings" 12496:"Boris Johnson wins race to be Tory leader and PM" 12356:"Theresa May's general election statement in full" 11938:"Election 2010 Timeline: How coalition was agreed" 11816: 11790: 11584: 10507: 10166: 9697: 9695: 9302: 5774:Prominent MPs from this wing of the party include 1565: 1499:, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1990–1997) 21329:Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists 21315: 20243:Conservative National Property Advisory Committee 17689:"UK Politics – Cameron: Tories need new identity" 17262:FinCEN Files reporting team (20 September 2020). 14251: 14225: 13757: 13605: 13497:"New 'enterprise zones' announced around England" 12466:"Theresa May resigns over Brexit: What happened?" 11899: 11873: 11194: 11192: 11186:The Conservative Party – From Thatcher to Cameron 10757: 10755: 9345:Oleart, Alvaro (2021). "Framing TTIP in the UK". 9252:Alonso, José M.; Andrews, Rhys (September 2020). 9114: 8860:. Conservative and Unionist Party. Archived from 8455:Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists 4518:The Conservative Party has received funding from 22152: 18666:Vol. 45, No. 4 (December 2002), pp. 937–51 18269:The Conservative Party: From Thatcher to Cameron 18111:"w4mp – The site for everyone working for an MP" 17933:The Conservative Party: From Thatcher to Cameron 16551:"Party membership: what are the latest figures?" 16386: 16356: 16354: 15052:"Which political parties want to legalise weed?" 15021:"50,000 march in NHS cuts protest in Manchester" 13955:"Mr Iain Duncan Smith – Contributions – Hansard" 13907: 13467:"The death and life of Britain's market economy" 12159:"David Cameron considers a referendum on Europe" 11646: 11615: 11576:. Conservative Party. 3 May 2008. Archived from 11233:"1997: Labour routs Tories in historic election" 9310:Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics 9215: 8768:"Rishi Sunak donor gets top job with the Tories" 8619:Electoral history of the Conservative Party (UK) 6753: 5868:Electoral history of the Conservative Party (UK) 5855:Electoral history of the Conservative Party (UK) 4636:and the governing parties of Israel and Turkey, 3879:'s £1.4bn cut to the helicopter budget in 2004. 3745:. The Conservatives have proposed a Pan-African 1834:, May announced her resignation on 24 May 2019. 1171: 793:; the Conservative Party's voting and financial 18652:(1965), a standard political history of the era 18470:Hayton, Richard, and Andrew Scott Crines, eds. 18024:. John Major. 25 September 1992. Archived from 17809: 17185: 15801: 15537:"Universal Credit for sick and disabled people" 14961: 14913:"UK Conservatives to increase defense spending" 14551:"Boris and Donald: A very special relationship" 14047: 13527:"Budget 2012: Top tax rate cut from 50p to 45p" 13179:Adam, Karla; Booth, William (20 October 2022). 12185:"EU referendum timeline: Countdown to the vote" 11710:Savage, Michael; Helm, Toby (4 November 2017). 11475: 11455: 11399: 10405: 9853: 9692: 9580:"How Tory dominance is built on home ownership" 8948: 8639:List of political parties in the United Kingdom 5741: 4257:into British law, and the 2009 creation of the 1902:Johnson presided over the UK's response to the 1374: 17129: 17127: 17125: 17005: 15746:"David Cameron pledges radical green shake-up" 14414:"Barack Obama gets backing from Boris Johnson" 14312: 14310: 13850: 13698: 12119: 11930: 11259:"BBC Vote 2001 – Results & Constituencies" 11189: 11030:"General Election Results, 9 April 1992 (PDF)" 10791: 10752: 9956:"Boris Johnson's biggest scandals: a timeline" 9456: 8200: 8191: 8182: 8173: 8164: 8155: 8146: 8137: 8128: 8119: 8095: 5848: 5144:The name itself comes from a famous phrase of 4596: 3648:Official statistics showed that EU and non-EU 1645:2010–2024: Austerity, Brexit, and the pandemic 1165:in a landslide to the resurgent Labour Party. 871:Some writers trace the party's origins to the 21301: 20699: 20675: 18863: 18367:Dorey, Peter; Garnett, Mark; Denham, Andrew. 18327:The Conservative Party From Peel To Churchill 17840: 17681: 17443: 17441: 17227: 16351: 14078: 13428:"Live results map of the UK general election" 12730: 12209: 12156: 11483:"Full text of David Cameron's victory speech" 11283: 11144:"Lecture 5 The Blair Revolution ppt download" 10196:"'Conservative' or 'Tory': What's in a name?" 9884: 9826: 9251: 8741:"Conservative Party Leadership Election 2024" 5722: 5092: 4272:; David Cameron expressed support, but party 3893:The Conservative Party upholds the view that 3516: 1457:battle against inflation. At the time of the 1145:both the Liberal Party and the Labour Party ( 991:. In 1886, the party formed an alliance with 22201:International Democracy Union member parties 20053: 18628:(A History of the Conservative Party) (1996) 18484:Heppell, Timothy, and David Seawright, eds. 18472:Conservative orators from Baldwin to Cameron 18348:Margaret Thatcher; Volume Two: The Iron Lady 18318:Blake, Robert and Louis William Roger, eds. 17749:"A Christian Democrat leadership for the UK" 16557:. UK Parliament - House of Commons Library. 16484:"Tories voice fears over falling membership" 16172: 16170: 14103: 13144: 13142: 11172:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 10599:"On This Day 1965: Heath is new Tory leader" 10498:, 'Mr Butskell's Dilemma', 13 February 1954. 5466: 5205: 4747:event at the 2009 conference in Manchester. 1255:parties and making candidates more uniform. 932:, which in turn derived from the Irish word 902:crisis of 1678–1681, which derived from the 778:approach. In defence policy, it supports an 21270:List of political parties by representation 20597:European Conservatives and Reformists Group 20537:European Conservatives and Reformists Party 20253:Conservative Science & Technology Forum 18823:– Conservative website directory (archived) 17903: 17532:. London: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 203. 17122: 17077: 17035: 16839: 16806: 16442: 15590: 15588: 14307: 13005:"Liz Truss panics as markets keep plunging" 12380: 11962: 11113:"1993: Recession over – it's official" 10659:"1974 Oct : Wilson makes it four" 10549:The Labour Party in Crisis by Paul Whiteley 10193: 9550:"Why the UK has no clear party of business" 8708:which gave all women aged over 21 the vote. 4790: 4626:European Conservatives and Reformists Party 4410:have organised open parliamentary primaries 3773:had sought to distance himself from former 3586:which commenced in 2010, subsequent to the 1970:yields rose to 4.3 per cent, prompting the 1958:she introduced policies in response to the 1840: 1696: 1403:. Thatcher led her party to victory at the 933: 917: 22181:Centre-right parties in the United Kingdom 22176:Conservative parties in the United Kingdom 21308: 21294: 20706: 20692: 20278:Conservative Workers & Trade Unionists 18870: 18856: 18773: 17904:Garner, Robert; Kelly, Richard N. (1998). 17656: 17438: 17384: 17013:"Tories boosted by construction donations" 16708:European Consortium for Political Research 16579: 16481: 16448: 16077: 14483: 14411: 13986:"Cameron attacks 'state multiculturalism'" 13828:. Alan Duncan. 27 May 2012. Archived from 13360: 12756: 12638: 12548: 12488: 12095:"Scottish independence referendum Results" 11709: 11227: 11225: 9947: 9730: 9728: 5729: 5715: 5099: 5085: 4537:Intelligence and Security Committee Russia 4028: 3823:. Historic Conservative statesmen such as 3523: 3509: 1876:on 3 September 2019. Later that same day, 1801:withdrawing the UK from the European Union 1318: 1182: 22166:1834 establishments in the United Kingdom 19993:Directly elected city mayoral authorities 18312:The Conservative Party from Peel to Major 17841:Lynch, Philip; Whitaker, Richard (2012). 17834: 17525: 16196: 16167: 15770: 15644: 15049: 14973:"The EU should only act when NATO cannot" 14731:"UK to outlaw Hezbollah's political wing" 14143:"10 truths about Europe's migrant crisis" 14072: 13204: 13178: 13139: 13033: 12411: 11765: 11310: 10917:"1990: Tories choose Major for Number 10" 10468:The Conservative Party from Peel to Major 10332:Multi-Party Politics and the Constitution 10223:"Guide to the Conservative Party Archive" 9986:The Conservative Party from Peel to Major 9326: 9130: 9005: 9003: 5323:Why Britain needs a Social Market Economy 5282:pledge to leave the EU. Thatcherites and 3963: 3928: 3566:negotiated a British opt-out in the 1992 1983: 1872:Johnson lost his working majority in the 1766: 1371:with an overall majority of three seats. 1098:. The Liberal party never recovered, but 22186:Right-wing parties in the United Kingdom 19674: 18931:History of conservatism in Great Britain 18556: 18195: 16651: 16548: 16307: 16176: 15585: 15414: 15171:Center for American Progress Action Fund 14450: 14347: 14140: 14041: 13809: 13789: 13064: 12941: 12646:"UK results: Conservatives win majority" 11683: 11402:"Howard wins Tory leadership by default" 10329: 10047:. Oxford University Press. p. 144. 8912: 8109: 8107: 4542:Russian interference in British politics 4374: 4292: 4232: 4197: 4170:), electric vehicles, bus networks, and 4072:, Chancellor George Osborne announced a 3676: 3597: 3093:Alliance EPP: European People's Party UK 1993: 1935: 1850: 1811:, with the Conservative Party needing a 1776: 1706: 1491: 1487: 1384: 1355:in a bid to win public support during a 1322: 1214: 1210: 1124: 977:Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby 850: 797:has historically consisted primarily of 205:4 Matthew Parker Street, London SW1H 9HQ 20715:Political parties in the United Kingdom 19631:Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party 18595:A New England?: Peace and War 1886–1918 17877: 17625: 17454:. London: Kogan Page Ltd. p. 120. 17413: 17133: 16898:British Politics and Policy blog at LSE 16840:Hattenstone, Simon (27 November 2015). 16736: 16696: 16449:McGuinness, Feargal (3 December 2012). 15714:"Changes to State Pension Age | Age UK" 15351: 15243: 14789: 14380: 14316: 13983: 13235: 12792: 12674: 12295: 11822: 11796: 11590: 11511: 11458:"Tories crown Cameron their new leader" 11427:"2005 General election results summary" 11222: 10447:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 10413:. London: Bloomsbury. pp. 238–41. 10284: 10249: 10161: 9997: 9734: 9725: 9487: 9209: 9155: 9153: 9043: 9041: 9039: 8825: 8791: 8624:List of conservative parties by country 8044: 7997: 4485:Construction businesses, including the 3535:The Conservative Party believes that a 2868:Reflections on the Revolution in France 1315:was held in 1965, won by Edward Heath. 14: 22153: 20298:Conservatives for International Travel 20150:Conservative Animal Welfare Foundation 18807:Constitution of the Conservative Party 18559:Liberalism and Conservatism, 1846–1905 18143:. Election.demon.co.uk. Archived from 18133: 17486: 17350: 17194: 16987:"Details of party accounts since 2002" 16937:from the original on 25 September 2013 16821:from the original on 13 September 2024 16788:from the original on 13 September 2024 16742: 16724:from the original on 13 September 2024 16657: 16631: 16308:Leybourn, Heather (11 December 2019). 15827: 15766: 15764: 15742: 15317: 15315: 15313: 15134: 14790:Mueller, Benjamin (16 December 2019). 14381:Tempest, Matthew (11 September 2006). 14257: 14231: 14013: 14011: 13763: 13670:Observatoire de la société britannique 13663: 13611: 13399: 12101:from the original on 18 September 2014 11905: 11879: 11123:from the original on 16 September 2010 11010:from the original on 14 September 2023 10984:from the original on 14 September 2015 10935: 10807:from the original on 29 September 2021 10299: 10105: 10094:Liberalism and Conservatism, 1846–1905 10040: 9765: 9747:from the original on 28 September 2020 9735:Mueller, Benjamin (13 December 2019). 9457:Hartley-Brewer, Julia (25 July 2000). 9427: 9344: 9193:from the original on 14 September 2023 9108: 9083: 9000: 8952:The Populist Radical Right and Health 8614:History of the Conservative Party (UK) 8311:Conservative Animal Welfare Foundation 7488: 7446: 6711: 6669: 5317:within the party tend to advocate the 5193:Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State 5171:One-nation Conservatives often invoke 4424: 4416:. Prospective candidates apply to the 4038:were moved onto a new benefit scheme, 3865:terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 1667:Islamophobia in the Conservative Party 1484:and she resigned on 28 November 1990. 1361:left no party with an overall majority 1265:Frederick Marquis, 1st Earl of Woolton 971:1867–1914: Conservatives and Unionists 847:History of the Conservative Party (UK) 688:. There have been twenty Conservative 385:Clear Plan, Bold Action, Secure Future 22206:Political parties established in 1834 21382: 21289: 20687: 20674: 20514: 20446: 20273:Conservative Women National Committee 20052: 19860: 19673: 19036: 18891: 18851: 18835:– International conference (archived) 18707: 18600:Seldon, Anthony and Stuart Ball, eds. 18539:Parry, J. P. "Disraeli and England," 18412: 18309: 18296:14#1 (February 1952), pp. 41–71 18177:from the original on 18 February 2020 17971: 17822:from the original on 21 December 2016 17699:from the original on 23 February 2009 17669:from the original on 7 September 2013 17657:Mulholland, Hélène (28 August 2009). 17594: 17447: 17426:from the original on 6 September 2013 17385:Gutteridge, Nick (23 February 2022). 17090:from the original on 29 December 2022 16858: 16775: 16757:from the original on 16 December 2018 16482:Mulholland, Hélène (5 October 2010). 16320:from the original on 11 February 2021 16259:from the original on 23 February 2003 16211: 16155:from the original on 21 February 2024 16125:from the original on 18 November 2021 15843:from the original on 24 November 2020 15195:from the original on 27 February 2017 15167:"Apprenticeship Expansion in England" 15116:from the original on 22 November 2021 15062:from the original on 22 November 2021 15031:from the original on 17 December 2018 14820: 14329:from the original on 12 February 2009 14153:from the original on 26 November 2016 14109: 13996:from the original on 1 September 2013 13938: 13863:from the original on 10 December 2011 13790:Reynolds, Andrew (13 December 2019). 13477:from the original on 18 February 2019 13065:Grierson, Jamie (30 September 2022). 12923:from the original on 5 September 2022 12705: 12687:from the original on 20 December 2019 12675:Stewart, Heather (20 December 2019). 12656:from the original on 13 December 2019 12596:from the original on 3 September 2019 12566:from the original on 3 September 2019 12506:from the original on 30 November 2019 12420:from the original on 23 November 2018 12262: 12191:from the original on 23 November 2019 11944:from the original on 6 September 2017 11918:from the original on 14 November 2023 11835:from the original on 14 November 2023 11778:from the original on 14 November 2023 11747:from the original on 14 November 2023 11665:from the original on 15 November 2023 11652: 11634:from the original on 15 November 2023 11621: 11603:from the original on 14 November 2023 11437:from the original on 23 February 2012 11210:from the original on 17 December 2009 11085: 11083: 11042:from the original on 14 November 2020 10943:"1992: Tories win again against odds" 10837:from the original on 13 February 2015 10609:from the original on 27 November 2012 9778:from the original on 23 December 2021 9488:Special, Keep Sunday (12 June 2020). 9469:from the original on 11 February 2021 9421: 9400: 8980: 8915:"Irish Home Rule: An imagined future" 8838:from the original on 5 September 2022 8765: 8719:Representation of the People Act 1969 8706:Representation of the People Act 1928 8693:Representation of the People Act 1918 8676:Representation of the People Act 1884 8441:European Conservatives and Reformists 8224: 8104: 7315: 5266:Whilst a number of party members are 4660:, which had become a subgroup of the 4646:European Conservatives and Reformists 3888:Strategic Defence and Security Review 1286:The Conservatives were re-elected in 862:and founder of the Conservative Party 780:independent nuclear weapons programme 27:Political party in the United Kingdom 21359:International Women's Democrat Union 18829:– Special Report: Conservative Party 18314:(4th ed.). London: Faber Finds. 18271:. Cambridge, England: Polity Press. 18263: 18141:"General Election Results 1885–1979" 17927: 17759:from the original on 13 October 2016 17546:from the original on 8 November 2021 17507:from the original on 8 November 2021 17468:from the original on 8 November 2021 17228:Ungoed-Thomas, Jon (26 March 2022). 17045:; Henry Zeffman (20 February 2022). 16605: 16580:Littlejohn, Georgina (26 May 2019). 16451:"Membership of UK political parties" 16364:. Conservative Party. Archived from 16289:from the original on 8 November 2021 16229:from the original on 8 November 2021 16107: 15934:from the original on 28 January 2021 15890:"Why Lib Dems reject bill of rights" 15887: 15757:from the original on 9 October 2023. 15743:Pierce, Andrew (14 September 2007). 15724:from the original on 1 December 2018 15610:from the original on 1 December 2018 15573:from the original on 1 December 2018 15517:from the original on 1 December 2018 15457:from the original on 1 December 2018 15396:from the original on 1 December 2018 15333:from the original on 1 December 2018 14833:from the original on 31 October 2020 14792:"U.K. Plans to Pass Anti-B.D.S. Law" 14741:from the original on 8 November 2020 14711:from the original on 9 November 2020 14681:from the original on 8 November 2020 14651:from the original on 8 November 2020 14621:from the original on 27 October 2020 14591:from the original on 4 December 2020 14531:from the original on 6 February 2021 14499:from the original on 6 February 2021 14465:from the original on 6 February 2021 14412:Mulholland, Hélène (1 August 2008). 14183:from the original on 1 December 2018 14141:Kingsley, Patrick (10 August 2015). 14048:Kylie Maclellan (25 February 2016). 13984:Sparrow, Andrew (26 February 2008). 13965:from the original on 1 December 2018 13217:from the original on 9 December 2022 13160:from the original on 20 October 2022 13015:from the original on 22 October 2022 12984:from the original on 20 October 2022 12836:from the original on 22 October 2022 12823: 12805:from the original on 23 October 2022 12774:from the original on 23 October 2022 12718:from the original on 23 October 2022 12626:from the original on 9 December 2019 12277:from the original on 1 December 2016 11524:from the original on 8 November 2021 11493:from the original on 12 January 2014 11154:from the original on 8 November 2021 10740:from the original on 4 November 2016 10000:New World Dictionary & Thesaurus 9897:from the original on 18 October 2017 9680:from the original on 25 October 2022 9500:from the original on 5 December 2020 9444: 9406: 9159: 9150: 9036: 8913:McConnel, James (17 February 2011). 8479: 8415: 8372: 8304: 8229: 8213: 7268: 7221: 4398:Prospective parliamentary candidates 4217:Conservatives joining the affiliate 1230:which marked its acceptance of the " 942:, since outlaws were "pursued men". 860:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 405:Devolved or semi-autonomous branches 18:Conservative and Unionist Party (UK) 20515: 20185:Conservative Friends of the Chinese 19889:Treasurer of the Conservative Party 19861: 18576:(2018), a fully detailed biography. 18527:Britain between the Wars, 1918–1940 17878:Windsor, Richard (5 October 2022). 17302:from the original on 17 August 2023 17023:from the original on 25 August 2017 16873:from the original on 2 October 2023 16807:Riley-Smith, Ben (18 August 2016). 16177:Georgiou, Christakis (April 2017). 15771:Shepheard, Marcus (20 April 2020). 15761: 15694:from the original on 17 August 2013 15310: 15082:"Legalise cannabis for pain relief" 14970: 14923:from the original on 2 October 2023 14851: 14319:"Cameron's Britain: Foreign policy" 14213:from the original on 18 August 2020 14091:from the original on 30 August 2017 14060:from the original on 30 August 2017 14008: 13826:"Biography – Rt Hon Alan Duncan MP" 13507:from the original on 2 October 2023 13102:from the original on 5 October 2022 13046:from the original on 5 October 2022 13034:Gilchrist, Karen (5 October 2022). 12954:from the original on 4 October 2022 12706:Fella, Stefano (17 November 2020). 12157:Nick Robinson (27 September 2012). 12075:from the original on 15 August 2023 11997:from the original on 14 August 2023 11971:from the original on 14 August 2023 11591:Cowburn, Ashley (30 October 2017). 11514:"Minister in Tory homophobia claim" 11456:Matthew Tempest (6 December 2005). 11400:Matthew Tempest (6 November 2003). 11381:from the original on 22 August 2017 11319:from the original on 16 August 2023 11292:from the original on 16 August 2023 10579:from the original on 8 January 2018 10531:from the original on 1 January 2016 10194:Padmanabhan, Leala (8 April 2015). 9935:from the original on 2 October 2023 9835:from the original on 15 August 2016 9713:from the original on 16 August 2020 9524:Bennett Institute for Public Policy 9417:. London: Al Jazeera Media Network. 9385:from the original on 3 October 2023 8954:National Policies and Global Trends 8826:Wheeler, Brian (5 September 2022). 8629:List of Conservative Party MPs (UK) 8474: 8326:Conservative Friends of the Chinese 7941: 7802: 7755: 5817:Electoral performance and campaigns 5809:as Chancellor of the Exchequer and 4514:Financial ties to Russian oligarchs 4404:Prospective parliamentary candidate 4259:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom 4255:European Convention on Human Rights 4162:Transport and infrastructure policy 4042:, which was then subsumed into the 2948:Tradition and the Individual Talent 24: 21383: 21364:International Young Democrat Union 20724:Legislatures of the United Kingdom 20621:Ulster Conservatives and Unionists 20160:Conservative Co-operative Movement 19884:Conservative Campaign Headquarters 18477:Hazell, Robert and Ben Yong, eds. 18241: 18051:"Party Structure and Organisation" 17729:from the original on 25 April 2012 17638:from the original on 30 March 2018 17566:"Tories show off 'scribbled' logo" 17351:Walker, Peter (23 February 2022). 17332:from the original on 4 August 2023 17209:from the original on 4 August 2023 17173:from the original on 4 August 2023 16993:from the original on 30 April 2017 16967:from the original on 24 April 2018 16494:from the original on 23 April 2014 16430:from the original on 14 April 2010 16396:British electoral facts, 1832–2006 16362:"Party Structure and Organisation" 16279:"Clarke slams Cameron rights plan" 15921: 15352:Summers, Deborah (15 March 2008). 14232:Taylor, Diane (9 September 2021). 14110:Grice, Andrew (26 February 2015). 14019:"Tory warning on multiculturalism" 13908:Montgomerie, Tim (November 2012). 13764:Wright, Oliver (6 February 2013). 13664:Porion, Stéphane (31 March 2014). 13612:Osborn, Andrew (6 February 2013). 12362:from the original on 19 April 2017 12218:from the original on 4 August 2023 12165:from the original on 4 August 2023 12049:from the original on 4 August 2023 12023:from the original on 4 August 2023 11906:Wright, Oliver (7 November 2023). 11797:Simpson, Fiona (30 October 2017). 11574:"Boris is the new Mayor of London" 11080: 10953:from the original on 22 April 2009 10867:from the original on 22 April 2009 10773:from the original on 22 April 2009 10669:from the original on 22 April 2009 10639:from the original on 22 April 2009 10147:. pp. 373–428. Archived from 10061:from the original on 30 March 2017 9530:from the original on 28 April 2022 9084:Buchan, Lizzy (12 November 2018). 9065:from the original on 30 April 2021 8921:from the original on 4 August 2021 8792:Wilkins, Jessica (17 March 2018). 8704:The first election held under the 8691:The first election held under the 8674:The first election held under the 8661:The first election held under the 8515:Conservative Campaign Headquarters 8460:Ulster Conservatives and Unionists 8299: 5790:Relationships between the factions 4385:David Cameron's election as leader 4349:Conservative Campaign Headquarters 4288: 4239:constitution of the United Kingdom 4131:Justice, crime and security policy 4096:'. A law was passed in 2019, that 3739:North Atlantic Treaty Organization 2027: 1925: 1884:, calling for a general election. 1832:rejected by Parliament three times 1819:to support a minority government. 1609:stood for the leadership unopposed 1070: 358:Ulster Conservatives and Unionists 202:Conservative Campaign Headquarters 25: 22232: 21731:Christian Social Union in Bavaria 20288:Conservatives Against Fox Hunting 20218:Conservative Humanist Association 20203:Conservative Friends of Palestine 20189:Conservative Friends of Gibraltar 20155:Conservative Christian Fellowship 20109:Association of Conservative Clubs 20089:Conservative Women's Organisation 18926:History of the Conservative Party 18787:Conservatives in Northern Ireland 18760: 18746:Twentieth Century British History 18732:from the original on 21 July 2017 18714:Twentieth Century British History 18704:Twentieth Century British History 18681: 18583:(2003) Rowman & Littlefield. 18421:Garnett, Mark, and Philip Lynch. 18252:. 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Archived from 14854:"Labour's dangerous defence cuts" 14802:from the original on 24 July 2020 14771:from the original on 11 June 2021 14432:from the original on 20 July 2019 14393:from the original on 16 July 2014 14362:from the original on 23 July 2015 14270:from the original on 27 July 2024 14029:from the original on 7 March 2013 13745:from the original on 22 July 2018 13593:from the original on 13 June 2024 13537:from the original on 20 July 2014 13381:from the original on 11 June 2024 13342:from the original on 11 June 2024 13312:from the original on 10 June 2024 13286:from the original on 13 June 2024 12793:Osborne, Samuel (13 April 2022). 12536:from the original on 30 July 2019 12446:from the original on 30 July 2023 12393:from the original on 30 July 2023 12336:from the original on 30 July 2023 12310:from the original on 13 July 2016 12296:Stewart, Heather (13 July 2016). 12244:from the original on 11 July 2016 12138:from the original on 25 June 2016 11880:Crerar, Pippa (5 November 2023). 11622:Cohen, Tamara (5 November 2017). 11355:from the original on 1 March 2024 11265:from the original on 7 April 2008 11239:from the original on 7 March 2008 11068:from the original on 13 June 2021 11004:"Key Issues in the 1992 Campaign" 10923:from the original on 7 March 2008 10897:from the original on 7 March 2008 10381:Twentieth Century British History 10302:Twentieth Century British History 10140: 9866:from the original on 23 June 2016 9854:Philip Johnston (19 April 2016). 8981:James, William (1 October 2019). 8828:"Tory membership figure revealed" 8766:Croft, Ethan (11 November 2022). 8535:Conservative Women's Organisation 8349:Conservative Christian Fellowship 4750: 4263:carried out by the House of Lords 4223:United Kingdom Independence Party 3858: 3853:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions 3681:Margaret Thatcher (second left), 3672: 1897:formerly traditional Labour seats 1867:his campaign for party leadership 1727:entered government in a coalition 1633:for the first time in 2008 after 1539:wing, represented by MPs such as 1259:, the party leader, brought in a 1226:In 1947, the party published its 228:Conservative Women's Organisation 22114: 22102: 22090: 22078: 22066: 22054: 22042: 22030: 22018: 22006: 21994: 21982: 21970: 21958: 21946: 21934: 21922: 21910: 21898: 21880: 21868: 21856: 21844: 21832: 21820: 21808: 21796: 21784: 21772: 21760: 21748: 21736: 21724: 21712: 21700: 21688: 21676: 21664: 21652: 21634: 21622: 21610: 21598: 21586: 21574: 21562: 21550: 21538: 21526: 21514: 21502: 21490: 21478: 21466: 21454: 21442: 21430: 21418: 21406: 20726:(and their current compositions) 20655: 20645: 20248:Conservative Rural Affairs Group 20032:Conservative Party Review (2016) 19935:Conservative Chief Whip's Office 19914:National Conservative Convention 19898:Conservative Research Department 18604:(1994) 896pp; essays by experts 18515:McKenzie, R. T., and A. Silver. 18502:(Oxford University Press, 2009) 18220:"Who are the New Conservatives?" 18212: 18189: 18159: 18103: 18081:"Philip May's Calling Community" 18073: 18014: 17988: 17965: 17949:. Better Off Out. 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November 2019). 14814: 14783: 14753: 14723: 14693: 14663: 14633: 14603: 14573: 14561:from the original on 8 June 2020 14543: 14511: 14477: 14444: 14405: 14374: 14341: 14195: 14165: 14134: 14122:from the original on 7 July 2015 14079:William James (27 August 2015). 13977: 13947: 13932: 13920:from the original on 10 May 2013 13901: 13875: 13844: 13818: 13783: 13692: 13657: 13575: 13549: 13519: 13489: 13459: 13450: 13438:from the original on 7 July 2024 13420: 13408:from the original on 25 May 2024 13393: 13361:Gutteridge, Nick (17 May 2024). 13354: 13324: 13298: 13268: 13256:from the original on 22 May 2024 13229: 13198: 13172: 13114: 13084: 13058: 13027: 12996: 12966: 12942:Sinclair, Tom (4 October 2022). 12935: 12905: 12879: 12867:from the original on 25 May 2023 12848: 12817: 12786: 12699: 12668: 12608: 12578: 12518: 12476:from the original on 26 May 2019 12458: 12432: 12405: 12374: 12348: 12322: 12289: 12256: 12230: 12203: 12177: 12150: 12113: 12087: 12061: 12035: 12009: 11983: 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Pensions 4040:Employment and Support Allowance 4006: 3940:The Conservative Party supports 3593: 3490: 3478: 3193:Conservative Democratic Alliance 2858:A Vindication of Natural Society 2055: 1794:vote to leave the European Union 1750:Scottish Independence referendum 1717:The 2010 election resulted in a 1516:European Exchange Rate Mechanism 1381:Premiership of Margaret Thatcher 1157:—which, under the leadership of 1015:when it split over the issue of 730:The party has generally adopted 44: 21671:Nationalist Republican Alliance 21369:Union of Latin American Parties 20498:Society of Conservative Lawyers 20447: 20180:Conservative Friends of America 18880:Conservative and Unionist Party 18574:Churchill: Walking with Destiny 17906:British political parties today 17597:"Tory Oak Tree Logo Turns Blue" 17595:Jones, George (8 August 2007). 17195:Webber, Esther (7 March 2022). 15954:"Transport Investment Strategy" 15415:Swinford, Steven (8 May 2015). 15386:"Shared Parental Leave and Pay" 14451:Chadwick, Vince (24 May 2016). 14348:Anderson, Mark (9 March 2015). 14317:Robbins, James (26 June 2008). 13851:Spencer, Clare (October 2011). 12442:. BBC News. 17 September 2018. 11991:"Top Tory admits Govt 'broken'" 11653:Watts, Joe (14 November 2017). 11554:from the original on 2 May 2007 11311:Nyta Mann (13 September 2001). 11277: 11251: 11180: 11135: 11105: 11054: 11022: 10996: 10965: 10909: 10879: 10849: 10819: 10785: 10763:"1983: Thatcher triumphs again" 10719: 10706: 10693: 10681: 10651: 10621: 10591: 10565: 10552: 10543: 10501: 10489: 10484:Journal of Contemporary History 10473: 10460: 10427: 10399: 10386: 10354: 10338: 10293: 10278: 10262: 10243: 10210: 10187: 10155: 10134: 10099: 10086: 10073: 10034: 10006: 9991: 9978: 9909: 9878: 9847: 9827:Steve Coulter (10 April 2011). 9820: 9790: 9759: 9662: 9632: 9602: 9572: 9542: 9512: 9481: 9450: 9428:Walker, Peter (1 August 2022). 9338: 9296: 9245: 9077: 9047: 9030: 8933: 8906: 5842:Voter Communications Department 4414:Board of the Conservative Party 4344:consensus among backbench MPs. 4283: 3935:Health and Social Care Act 2012 3108:Conservative and Unionist Party 1637:defeated the Labour incumbent, 1580:fuel protests of September 2000 1566:1997–2010: Political wilderness 1558:, their worst defeat since the 1476:(known by its opponents as the 1106:economy. The fresh emphasis on 638:Conservative and Unionist Party 619: 37:Conservative and Unionist Party 21275:Politics of the United Kingdom 20238:Conservative Education Society 20208:Conservative Friends of Turkey 20198:Conservative Friends of Israel 20165:Conservative Countryside Forum 19969:Northern Ireland Conservatives 19037: 18543:43#3 (2000), pp. 699–728 16859:Yorke, Harry (16 March 2018). 16776:Yorke, Harry (16 March 2018). 16632:Fisher, Lucy (26 March 2021). 16549:Audickas, Lukas (2 May 2018). 15979:Institution of Civil Engineers 15481:Centre For Public Impact (CPI) 14971:Fox, Liam (11 February 2010). 14852:Fox, Liam (17 December 2009). 12263:Mason, Rowena (11 July 2016). 12210:William James (24 June 2016). 12187:. BBC News. 20 February 2016. 12019:. BBC News. 17 November 2022. 11684:Halliday, Josh (1 July 2022). 11512:Wheeler, Brian (3 July 2009). 10827:Office for National Statistics 10729:British Journal of Criminology 10517:. Oxford UP. pp. 114–15. 9766:Garcha, Ciara (3 April 2021). 8897: 8891: 8882: 8876: 8850: 8785: 8759: 8733: 8644:Politics of the United Kingdom 8496:Northern Ireland Conservatives 8367: 8321:Conservative Friends of Turkey 8316:Conservative Friends of Israel 8283:, launched in 2023 by mostly " 8028: 7972: 7925: 7833: 7786: 7697: 7650: 7608: 7519: 7393: 7306:Conservative–National Liberal 7299: 7259:Conservative–National Liberal 7252: 7160: 7067: 6938: 6896: 6849: 6742: 6700: 6618:Conservative–Liberal Unionist 6611: 6576:Conservative–Liberal Unionist 6440: 6309: 6260: 6218: 6134: 6092: 6003: 5959: 4688:from at least seven of the 27 4670:Liberal Conservative Reformers 4530:by the Kremlin to support the 4453: 4050:, the then Secretary of State 3609:the 2013 same-sex marriage act 3438:Politics of the United Kingdom 2988:Our Culture, What's Left of It 1826:, which resulted in her draft 1096:landslide in the 1918 election 644:and colloquially known as the 600:Politics of the United Kingdom 428:Northern Ireland Conservatives 13: 1: 21317:International Democracy Union 21185:Justice & Anti-Corruption 20584:European People's Party Group 20193:Conservative Friends of India 20170:Conservative Disability Group 19953:Conservative Party Conference 18833:The Thatcher legacy 1979–2009 18753:Contemporary European History 18706:27#2 (2016): 290–304. online 18458:The Conservatives – A History 17998:. 4 June 2011. Archived from 17134:Bradley, Jane (12 May 2022). 14258:Atkins, Ros (25 March 2024). 13853:"Daily View: Liam Fox's fate" 13236:Landler, Mark (22 May 2024). 13205:Jon Stone (17 October 2022). 12120:Parker, George (8 May 2015). 12071:. BBC News. 11 January 2012. 11377:. BBC News. 29 October 2003. 11141: 11062:"1992: UK crashes out of ERM" 10573:"History of Sir Alec Douglas" 10334:. Cambridge University Press. 10044:Safire's Political Dictionary 9887:"Why the Tories keep winning" 9885:Andrew Gimson (15 May 2017). 9407:Falk, Thomas (20 July 2022). 8727: 8422:International Democracy Union 5286:in the party tend to support 4642:Justice and Development Party 4603:International Democracy Union 4460:Conservative Party Conference 4370: 4323:Conservative Party Conference 4303:Conservative Party Conference 4219:Conservative Group for Europe 3906:British national defence and 3693:stance in relations with the 3428:List of British conservatives 1313:the first leadership election 1270:With a narrow victory at the 1172:1945–1975: Post-war consensus 320:International Democracy Union 22061:People's Democratic Movement 21545:Independent Democratic Union 20609:Movement for European Reform 20543:International Democrat Union 20328:Margaret Thatcher Foundation 20263:Conservative Transport Group 20258:Conservative Trade Unionists 18659:(2010) 49#4 pp. 826–48. 17414:Traynor, Ian (2 June 2009). 16661:British Politics For Dummies 16555:commonslibrary.parliament.uk 16456:. House of Commons Library. 15636:. 5 May 2011. Archived from 14705:jewishnews.timesofisrael.com 10714:Contemporary British History 10454:UK public library membership 10411:Austerity Britain: 1945–1951 9262:Public Administration Review 8550:Conservative Future Scotland 8410: 5742:Traditionalist Conservatives 4615:Conservative Party of Canada 4249:. The party opposed many of 4121:green post-COVID-19 recovery 3665:following the completion of 3433:Philosophy of Thomas Carlyle 1950:on 5 September, following a 1847:Premiership of Boris Johnson 1703:Premiership of David Cameron 1375:1975–1990: Margaret Thatcher 1178:Post-war Britain (1945–1979) 1114: 1102:gained strength after 1920. 791:urban–rural political divide 686:traditionalist conservatives 664:since being defeated in the 136:; 190 years ago 7: 22085:Forum for Democratic Change 21461:National Independence Party 21334:Asia Pacific Democrat Union 20615:Alliance for an Open Europe 20591:European Conservative Group 20175:Conservative European Forum 18981:General election manifestos 18892: 18488:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2012). 18371:(2011) Palgrave Macmillan. 17918:Politics Review, April 2013 17601:www.telegraph.co.uk Limited 15928:Infrastructure Intelligence 15634:General-election-2010.co.uk 15447:"Help paying for childcare" 15323:"David Cameron on families" 13910:"Underrated: Owen Paterson" 13400:Powell, Rob (25 May 2024). 12381:Jon Sharman (31 May 2017). 12358:. BBC News. 18 April 2017. 11963:Robin Brant (12 May 2010). 9361:10.1007/978-3-030-53637-4_6 9328:10.1016/j.socec.2022.101917 8563: 5849:UK general election results 5681:Traditionalist conservatism 5270:, some free-marketeers are 5137:, the current chair of the 4597:International organisations 4591:Boris Johnson's premiership 4546:Russian invasion of Ukraine 4418:Conservative Central Office 4098:UK greenhouse gas emissions 3792:, a Conservative, endorsed 3759:Anglo-American Relationship 3749:, which it says could help 3160:Veterans and People's Party 3058:The Strange Death of Europe 2022: 1828:Brexit withdrawal agreement 1595:European Union Constitution 1347:Heath had come to power in 1033:an election in January 1906 894:was an insult that entered 758:, and has been critical of 10: 22237: 22013:Slovenian Democratic Party 22001:Democratic Party of Serbia 21851:Maldivian Democratic Party 21719:Christian Democratic Union 21641:National Progressive Force 21521:Union of Democratic Forces 21497:Party of Democratic Action 21165:Christian Peoples Alliance 21145:Abolish the Welsh Assembly 21072:Traditional Unionist Voice 20960:Scottish Liberal Democrats 20574:Conservative–DUP agreement 20213:Conservative History Group 20140:Blue Collar Conservativism 18910:Conservative Party Archive 18657:Journal of British Studies 18650:English History, 1914–1945 18171:www.visionofbritain.org.uk 18022:"Mr Major's Third Cabinet" 17526:Rosenbaum, Martin (1996). 16606:Bale, Tim (23 June 2019). 14527:. Reuters. 23 March 2016. 12824:Amos, Owen (7 July 2022). 12412:Alex Hunt (26 June 2017). 12332:. Reuters. 29 March 2017. 12240:. BBC News. 11 July 2016. 12045:. BBC News. 2 March 2018. 11346:University of Huddersfield 10703:(2nd ed. Blackwell, 1997). 10348:(4th ed. 1949) pp 504–66. 10272:(4th ed. 1949) pp 375–432 10219:Conservative Party Archive 8649: 8521:Conservative Party Archive 8217: 5852: 5813:as Deputy Prime Minister. 5427:Traditionalist Catholicism 5309:, whilst Enoch Powell and 5210:The "free-market wing" of 5150:paternalistic conservative 4611:Liberal Party of Australia 4534:, and increased after the 4469: 4428: 4401: 4156:Ministry of Defence Police 4152:Civil Nuclear Constabulary 3588:2007–2008 financial crisis 3183:Blue Collar Conservativism 3128:Traditional Unionist Voice 3103:Christian Peoples Alliance 1990:Premiership of Rishi Sunak 1987: 1929: 1844: 1773:Premiership of Theresa May 1770: 1761:stay in the European Union 1742:2007–2008 financial crisis 1700: 1654:and the implementation of 1652:2007–2008 financial crisis 1378: 1175: 1118: 1074: 866: 844: 840: 650:two main political parties 21393: 21389: 21378: 21323: 21265: 21243: 21195:Lincolnshire Independents 21137: 21093: 21027:Northern Ireland Assembly 21025: 20981: 20925: 20839: 20731: 20721: 20681: 20676:Links to related articles 20662:United Kingdom portal 20642: 20562: 20532:List of current alliances 20525: 20521: 20510: 20478:Centre for Social Justice 20473:Centre for Policy Studies 20453: 20442: 20401: 20388:Young Britons' Foundation 20233:Conservative Muslim Forum 20117: 20081: 20063: 20059: 20048: 20024: 20016:Conservative Associations 20008: 19992: 19961: 19945: 19922: 19906: 19871: 19867: 19856: 19680: 19669: 19623: 19316: 19211: 19114: 19047: 19043: 19032: 18996:Irish Conservative Party 18966:Unionist Free Food League 18918: 18902: 18898: 18887: 18801:Conservatives in Scotland 18597:(2005) 976pp broad survey 16346:[1981] EWCA Civ 2 16198:10.1163/1569206X-12341511 15258:10.1038/nature.2016.20434 14383:"Cameron: I'm no neo-con" 11940:. BBC News. 13 May 2010. 11313:"Rebel's rise to the top" 10362:Modern England, 1901–1984 10346:Modern England, 1885–1945 10330:Bogdanor, Vernon (1983). 10270:Modern England, 1885–1945 10120:10.1017/S0018246X00000170 9132:10.1177/03063968231164599 8397:Centre for Policy Studies 8354:Conservative Muslim Forum 7985:DUP confidence and supply 7849: 7666: 7535: 7362: 7087: 6865: 6769: 6627: 6409: 6278: 6061: 5928: 5901: 5898: 5895: 5892: 5889: 5886: 5823:the CCHQ campaigning team 5666:Spanish American royalism 5206:Free-market Conservatives 5073:United Kingdom portal 4986:Sybil, or The Two Nations 3954:cannabis for medical uses 3923:Trident nuclear programme 3497:United Kingdom portal 3267:Traditional Britain Group 3188:Centre for Policy Studies 3113:Democratic Unionist Party 1954:. In a strategy labelled 1882:Withdrawal Agreement Bill 1799:She began the process of 1049:Irish Parliamentary Party 1003:and, under the statesmen 732:liberal economic policies 595: 584: 579: 565: 551: 537: 523: 509: 495: 481: 467: 453: 441: 403: 391: 380: 367: 325: 316:International affiliation 315: 297: 264: 253: 243: 233: 221: 209: 197: 187: 168: 127: 119: 107: 77: 65: 52: 43: 34: 21965:People's Action Movement 21941:Christian People's Party 21863:Liberal Democratic Party 21707:United National Movement 21695:National Coalition Party 21485:Social Democrat Movement 21344:Democrat Union of Africa 21339:Caribbean Democrat Union 21260:do not take their seats. 21122:London Liberal Democrats 20569:List of former alliances 20358:One Nation Conservatives 20268:Conservative Way Forward 20054:Associated organisations 19879:Conservative Party Board 18673:15 December 2018 at the 18611:29 November 2014 at the 18557:Paterson, David (2001). 18550:9 September 2018 at the 18481:(Hart Publishing, 2012). 18415:Thatcher and Thatcherism 18303:15 December 2018 at the 17976:Thatcher and Thatcherism 17719:"Introducing Cameronism" 16989:. Electoral Commission. 16149:Rail Delivery Group News 15961:Department for Transport 15777:Institute for Government 15244:Cressey, Daniel (2016). 15141:europeanconservative.com 15087:25 February 2018 at the 12948:The Pembrokeshire Herald 12712:House of Commons Library 11489:. London. 12 June 2005. 11286:"Hague: All to play for" 10041:Safire, William (2008). 9998:Webster (1998), "Tory", 9436:. London. Archived from 8276:Blue Collar Conservatism 8256:Conservative Way Forward 8251:One Nation Conservatives 8088: 5803:1990 leadership election 5541:1st Viscount Bolingbroke 5476:Conservative corporatism 5307:Conservative Way Forward 5255:of former party leaders 5253:traditional conservatism 5168:, and local government. 5139:One Nation Conservatives 5132:First Secretary of State 4791:One-nation Conservatives 4773:traditional conservatism 4664:in the 1990s. Since the 4584:An investigation by the 4431:Young Conservatives (UK) 4362:is the party's ultimate 4360:Conservative Party Board 4314:Conservative Association 4148:British Transport Police 3884:Strategic Defence Review 3239:One Nation Conservatives 3038:How to Be a Conservative 2968:The Left Was Never Right 2035:This article is part of 1932:Premiership of Liz Truss 1841:2019–2022: Boris Johnson 1697:2010–2016: David Cameron 1623:2005 leadership election 1472:The introduction of the 1401:1975 leadership election 1263:to modernise the party: 1029:Henry Campbell-Bannerman 881:William Pitt the Younger 879:, that coalesced around 678:one-nation conservatives 668:. The party sits on the 398:Conservative Party Board 347:Irish Conservative Party 114:Richard Fuller (Interim) 22161:Conservative Party (UK) 21473:United Democratic Party 21449:Austrian People's Party 21354:European People's Party 21349:European Democrat Union 21084:Independent Nationalist 21010:Welsh Liberal Democrats 20936:Scottish National Party 20652:Conservatism portal 20580:European People's Party 20547:European Democrat Union 20353:Northern Research Group 20318:European Research Group 20223:Conservative Mainstream 19984:Gibraltar Conservatives 19006:Scottish Unionist Party 18839:Conservative Party (UK) 18813:2 December 2013 at the 18793:3 February 2007 at the 18699:(London, 2013), 307–21. 18504:excerpt and text search 18413:Evans, Eric J. (2004). 18380:excerpt and text search 17972:Evans, Eric J. (2004). 17487:Ranney, Austin (1985). 17448:Bruce, Brendan (1992). 16658:Knight, Julian (2015). 16420:"Election 2010 Results" 16348: (10 December 1981) 16119:Department of Transport 16030:"Active Travel England" 11993:. ITV. 7 January 2013. 10440:6 February 2016 at the 10433:Dutton, D. J. (2004). " 10396:(1994) 37#1 pp. 173–97. 10285:Keohane, Nigel (2010). 8446:European Democrat Group 8427:European Democrat Union 8241:Conservative Mainstream 5112:One-nation conservatism 5049:Conservatism portal 4917:Lord Randolph Churchill 4810:One-nation conservatism 4757:one-nation conservatism 4707: 4694:European People's Party 4662:European People's Party 4330:parliamentary primaries 4029:Jobs and welfare policy 3916:European Defence Agency 3743:Commonwealth of Nations 3485:Conservatism portal 3277:Western Goals Institute 3211:The Freedom Association 3206:European Research Group 1599:motion of no confidence 1526:privatised British Rail 1416:National Health Service 1319:1965–1975: Edward Heath 1183:Popular dissatisfaction 1136:In 1922, Bonar Law and 1056:Irish Unionist Alliance 908: 433:Gibraltar Conservatives 340:Irish Unionist Alliance 299:Political position 151:; 112 years ago 21827:Bharatiya Janata Party 21659:Social Christian Party 21629:Dominica Freedom Party 21617:Civic Democratic Party 20942:Scottish Conservatives 20283:Conservatives 4 Cities 19974:Scottish Conservatives 19016:National Liberal Party 18991:Liberal Unionist Party 18821:conservative-party.net 18310:Blake, Robert (2011). 17784:. GEES. Archived from 17017:The Construction Index 16184:Historical Materialism 10360:Alfred F. Havighurst, 9055:"Open Council Data UK" 8486:Scottish Conservatives 7979:Conservative minority 6903:Conservative minority 6757:Liberal Unionist Party 6534:Conservative minority 6447:Conservative minority 6225:Conservative minority 6141:Conservative minority 5556:1st Duke of Wellington 5467: 4716:in the colours of the 4700:and supporters of the 4666:2014 European election 4650:Civic Democratic Party 4528:2016 Brexit referendum 4380: 4306: 4261:, a function formerly 4188:Great British Railways 4061:programme and others. 3964:Education and research 3958:safe consumption sites 3929:Health and drug policy 3686: 3603: 3423:English Defence League 3018:The Great Degeneration 2001: 1984:2022–2024: Rishi Sunak 1943: 1858: 1784: 1767:2016–2019: Theresa May 1714: 1500: 1392: 1330: 1223: 1191:, scarcity, controls, 1133: 1001:Liberal Unionist Party 934: 918: 863: 817:voters, especially in 811:real estate developers 713:Liberal Unionist Party 418:Scottish Conservatives 336:(1922–1972; 2009–2012) 179:Liberal Unionist Party 22049:United National Party 21066:Independent Unionists 20625:Ulster Unionist Party 20378:Tory Green Initiative 20293:Conservatives at Work 19011:National Party (1917) 18335:Bulmer-Thomas, Ivor. 17572:. 15 September 2006. 16526:. 18 September 2013. 16091:. 21 September 2020. 15027:. 29 September 2013. 15009:on 19 September 2011. 15003:Politicsresources.net 14025:. 28 September 2008. 13959:hansard.parliament.uk 11235:. BBC – On This Day. 11206:. 29 September 2009. 10575:. Inside Government. 10558:Thorpe, D.R. (2010). 10486:(2013) 48#1 pp. 3–23. 10366:online free to borrow 10252:Modern History Review 10002:(2.0 for PC ed.) 9223:. Abingdon/New York: 9173:. pp. 3–8, 291, 9059:opencouncildata.co.uk 8592:United Kingdom portal 8218:Further information: 7029:Conservative–Liberal– 6411:Marquess of Salisbury 5861:each general election 5853:Further information: 5764:unitary British state 5748:socially conservative 5536:1st Earl of Rochester 5526:1st Earl of Clarendon 5481:Divine right of kings 5319:Social Market Economy 5229:socially conservative 4837:Moderate Conservatism 4674:Danish People's Party 4672:(five MEPs), and the 4634:Ulster Unionist Party 4617:and the South Korean 4579:National Crime Agency 4402:Further information: 4378: 4296: 4270:Human Rights Act 1998 4233:Constitutional policy 4198:European Union policy 4180:Active Travel England 4140:Human Rights Act 1998 4066:national minimum wage 3974:English Baccalaureate 3680: 3601: 3545:social market economy 3541:supply-side economics 3221:Henry Jackson Society 3138:Ulster Unionist Party 3133:UK Independence Party 3068:The Madness of Crowds 2260:Social market economy 2048:in the United Kingdom 2017:1906 general election 2013:2024 general election 1997: 1960:cost of living crisis 1939: 1889:2019 general election 1854: 1815:arrangement with the 1813:confidence and supply 1780: 1757:2015 general election 1710: 1613:2005 general election 1576:2001 general election 1560:1906 general election 1495: 1488:1990–1997: John Major 1459:1979 general election 1405:1979 general election 1388: 1379:Further information: 1369:October 1974 election 1326: 1272:1951 general election 1218: 1211:Modernising the party 1205:1951 general election 1163:1945 general election 1128: 1075:Further information: 1005:Robert Gascoyne-Cecil 854: 776:socially conservative 666:2024 general election 354:Ulster Unionist Party 333:Ulster Unionist Party 22221:Centre-right parties 21989:New Democratic Party 21977:United Workers Party 21839:Jamaica Labour Party 21251:Independent Alliance 21110:London Conservatives 21078:People Before Profit 20363:Popular Conservatism 20308:COVID Recovery Group 20099:Conservatives Abroad 20000:London Conservatives 19675:Leadership elections 19001:Irish Unionist Party 18976:Carlton Club meeting 18961:Tariff Reform League 18688:Crowson, N. J., ed. 18579:Reitan, Earl Aaron. 18460:(2011) Bantam Press 18385:16 June 2016 at the 17169:. 23 February 2022. 16255:. 18 November 1998. 16121:. 18 November 2021. 15831:(17 November 2020). 15773:"UK net zero target" 15569:. 23 November 2018. 15507:"Incapacity Benefit" 15112:. 7 September 2020. 14737:. 25 February 2019. 14677:. 29 December 2016. 14557:. 12 December 2019. 13887:Monsters and Critics 13589:. 4 September 2019. 12980:. 8 September 2022. 12652:. 13 December 2019. 12622:. 17 December 2019. 12592:. 3 September 2019. 12562:. 3 September 2019. 12532:. 17 December 2019. 11375:"Tory leader ousted" 10893:. 22 November 1990. 10716:27.4 (2013): 421–44. 10314:10.1093/tcbh/5.2.129 10206:on 20 February 2019. 10079:Ivor Bulmer-Thomas, 10023:on 23 September 2015 9923:. 23 February 2021. 9709:. 17 December 2019. 9556:. 10 December 2019. 9355:. pp. 153–177. 8501:London Conservatives 5175:and his emphasis on 4847:Liberal Conservatism 4743:was unveiled for an 4678:New Flemish Alliance 4524:alleged interference 4480:Electoral Commission 4321:usually held at the 4241:and its traditional 4204:European Communities 4192:Integrated Rail Plan 4074:National Living Wage 3950:economically liberal 3806:Special Relationship 3765:', a term coined by 3763:Special Relationship 3577:The 50% top rate of 3370:The Sunday Telegraph 3350:The Salisbury Review 3150:For Britain Movement 3008:The Rage Against God 2958:The Abolition of Man 2191:Classical liberalism 1735:coalition government 413:London Conservatives 238:Conservatives Abroad 22191:Economic liberalism 21743:New Patriotic Party 20998:Welsh Conservatives 20927:Scottish Parliament 20744:(404, including 43 20483:European Foundation 20368:Renewing One Nation 20313:European Foundation 20228:Conservative Health 20135:The Atlantic Bridge 20104:LGBT+ Conservatives 20094:Young Conservatives 19979:Welsh Conservatives 19813:July–September 2022 19713:Thatcher re-elected 18755:8#2 (1999): 275–87. 18748:5#2 (1994): 246–56. 18726:10.1093/tcbh/hww012 18708:Kowol, Kit (2016). 18638:(2010) HarperPress 18534:Politics in Britain 18523:Mowat, Charles Loch 18491:King, Anthony, ed. 18294:Journal of Politics 18200:. The 'i' newspaper 16638:The Daily Telegraph 16215:(29 October 1971). 15751:The Daily Telegraph 15640:on 11 January 2012. 15294:. 15 October 2018. 15093:The Daily Telegraph 14827:The Daily Telegraph 13941:The Financial Times 13473:. 24 January 2014. 13185:The Washington Post 13156:. 20 October 2022. 11064:. BBC On This Day. 10919:. BBC On This Day. 10829:(13 January 2015). 10268:J. A. R. Marriott, 9860:The Daily Telegraph 9804:. 22 October 2021. 9554:theconversation.com 8606:Conservatism portal 8545:Young Conservatives 8540:LGBT+ Conservatives 8491:Welsh Conservatives 8379:European Foundation 8335:LGBT+ Conservatives 5883: 5462:Cavalier Parliament 5315:Christian Democrats 5061:Politics portal 4852:Economic Liberalism 4842:Muscular Liberalism 4827:Class collaboration 4800:Conservatism series 4785:right-wing populism 4783:, and, since 2016, 4765:social conservatism 4761:Christian democracy 4532:Vote Leave campaign 4444:Conservative Future 4436:Young Conservatives 4425:Young Conservatives 4301:is held during the 4117:offshore wind power 4011:As prime minister, 3970:National Curriculum 3634:centrist politics. 3584:austerity programme 3558:. With the growing 3418:Cambridge Analytica 3330:The Daily Telegraph 2918:Culture and Anarchy 2496:Oakeshott (Michael) 2087:Muscular liberalism 2072:British nationalism 1977:a government crisis 1952:leadership election 1912:Metropolitan Police 1733:—the first postwar 1432:economic liberalism 1399:deposed him in the 1155:National Government 662:Official Opposition 483:Scottish Parliament 443:Parliamentary party 423:Welsh Conservatives 284:Economic liberalism 248:LGBT+ Conservatives 216:Young Conservatives 22216:Right-wing parties 22097:Conservative Party 22025:People Power Party 21929:Conservative Party 21905:Conservative Party 21815:Independence Party 21767:New National Party 21581:Conservative Party 21533:Conservative Party 21399: 21247:Co-operative Party 20603:European Democrats 20145:Common Sense Group 18946:Tamworth Manifesto 18664:Historical Journal 18624:Shannon, Richard. 18617:Shannon, Richard. 18572:Roberts, Andrew. 18541:Historical Journal 18509:3 May 2016 at the 18404:England, 1870–1914 18350:(Pimlico (2003). 18289:(Oxford UP, 2013). 18147:on 30 January 2012 18028:on 31 October 2012 17791:on 16 October 2013 17755:. 7 October 2016. 17141:The New York Times 17114:has generic name ( 17019:. 25 August 2017. 16222:The New York Times 16151:. 4 October 2021. 14796:The New York Times 13720:10.1057/bp.2015.19 13503:. 16 August 2011. 13242:The New York Times 13098:. 3 October 2022. 10793:Stephanie Flanders 10509:Morgan, Kenneth O. 10470:(1997) pp. 260–64. 10394:Historical Journal 10239:on 9 October 2016. 10144:England, 1870–1914 10108:Historical Journal 9741:The New York Times 9526:. 16 August 2021. 9440:on 24 August 2022. 9414:Al Jazeera English 9353:Palgrave Macmillan 9279:10.1111/puar.13177 8225:Ideological groups 5879: 5019:Conservative Party 5000:Industrial Charter 4658:European Democrats 4619:People Power Party 4562:The New York Times 4557:Vladmir Chernukhin 4381: 4307: 4243:Westminster system 4227:multi-speed Europe 4036:Incapacity Benefit 3687: 3604: 3562:within his party, 3345:The Mail on Sunday 3028:The Son Also Rises 2878:Tamworth Manifesto 2784:Oakeshott (Isabel) 2298:Stuart Restoration 2002: 1968:UK government gilt 1944: 1859: 1785: 1746:austerity measures 1715: 1656:austerity measures 1501: 1412:post-war consensus 1393: 1357:national emergency 1331: 1244:David Maxwell Fyfe 1232:post-war consensus 1228:Industrial Charter 1224: 1134: 1092:David Lloyd George 997:Joseph Chamberlain 985:Reform Act of 1867 965:Tamworth Manifesto 885:Friends of Mr Pitt 864: 782:and commitment to 756:Welsh independence 660:. It has been the 642:Conservative Party 175:Conservative Party 22148: 22147: 22142: 22141: 22138: 22137: 22134: 22133: 22129: 22128: 22121:Project Venezuela 21283: 21282: 21215:Social Democratic 21170:English Democrats 20972:Presiding Officer 20868:Liberal Democrats 20758:Liberal Democrats 20668: 20667: 20638: 20637: 20634: 20633: 20506: 20505: 20438: 20437: 20434: 20433: 20383:Tory Reform Group 20303:Cornerstone Group 20044: 20043: 20040: 20039: 19852: 19851: 19665: 19664: 19661: 19660: 19148: 19028: 19027: 19024: 19023: 18936:Electoral history 18827:Guardian Politics 18648:Taylor, A. J. P. 18644:978-0-00-730884-2 18532:Norton, Bruce F. 18466:978-0-593-06511-2 18402:Ensor, R. C. K. 18377:978-0-230-54238-9 18278:978-0-7456-4858-3 18258:978-0-19-923437-0 18091:on 2 January 2018 18085:Conservatives.com 18061:on 5 October 2016 18055:Conservatives.com 17634:. Fabrik Brands. 17328:. 11 April 2023. 16698:Colomer, Josep M. 16671:978-1-118-97152-9 16405:978-0-7546-2712-8 16392:Thrasher, Michael 16368:on 5 October 2016 15808:Climate Scorecard 15191:. 16 March 2016. 13889:. 14 October 2011 13645:. 5 February 2013 13533:. 21 March 2012. 11861:. 5 November 2023 11548:UK Polling Report 11431:UK Political Info 11119:. 26 April 1993. 11035:. UK Parliament. 10833:. UK Government. 10452:(subscription or 10420:978-0-7475-7985-4 9494:Conservative Home 9370:978-3-030-53636-7 9227:. pp. 1–29. 8745:conservatives.com 8560: 8559: 8471: 8470: 8407: 8406: 8364: 8363: 8296: 8295: 8281:New Conservatives 8261:Cornerstone Group 8236:Tory Reform Group 8214:Associated groups 8086: 8085: 7988: 7889:Liberal Democrats 7537:Margaret Thatcher 7317:Alec Douglas-Home 7089:Winston Churchill 7078:–National Labour 6812:Coalition Liberal 6786:332 elected with 6749:Liberal minority 6707:Liberal minority 6280:Benjamin Disraeli 5811:Michael Heseltine 5760:Church of England 5752:Cornerstone Group 5739: 5738: 5576:Winston Churchill 5380:Counterrevolution 5284:economic liberals 5261:Iain Duncan Smith 5237:civil libertarian 5231:and a practising 5212:economic liberals 5185:Iain Duncan Smith 5154:Tory Reform Group 5109: 5108: 5024:Tory Reform Group 4922:Winston Churchill 4907:Benjamin Disraeli 4811: 4730:Statue of Liberty 4520:Russian oligarchs 4503:In December 2022 4144:Liberal Democrats 4113:green enterprises 4088:brought several ' 3873:Labour Government 3833:Margaret Thatcher 3829:Winston Churchill 3767:Winston Churchill 3568:Maastricht Treaty 3533: 3532: 3456:National Populism 3408:Anglo-Catholicism 3365:The Sun on Sunday 3325:The Daily Sceptic 3262:Tory Reform Group 3216:Free Speech Union 3201:Cornerstone Group 2938:The Servile State 1920:government crisis 1904:COVID-19 pandemic 1787:On 11 July 2016, 1731:Liberal Democrats 1587:Iain Duncan Smith 1482:Michael Heseltine 1397:Margaret Thatcher 1390:Margaret Thatcher 1342:1973–75 recession 1304:Alec Douglas-Home 1257:Winston Churchill 1159:Winston Churchill 1151:National Liberals 1130:Winston Churchill 1024:Winston Churchill 993:Spencer Cavendish 981:Benjamin Disraeli 953:published in the 705:Benjamin Disraeli 656:, along with the 634: 633: 605:Political parties 326:Irish affiliation 16:(Redirected from 22228: 22119: 22118: 22109:Republican Party 22107: 22106: 22095: 22094: 22083: 22082: 22071: 22070: 22059: 22058: 22047: 22046: 22035: 22034: 22023: 22022: 22011: 22010: 21999: 21998: 21987: 21986: 21975: 21974: 21963: 21962: 21951: 21950: 21939: 21938: 21927: 21926: 21915: 21914: 21903: 21902: 21885: 21884: 21875:Democratic Party 21873: 21872: 21861: 21860: 21849: 21848: 21837: 21836: 21825: 21824: 21813: 21812: 21801: 21800: 21789: 21788: 21777: 21776: 21765: 21764: 21753: 21752: 21741: 21740: 21729: 21728: 21717: 21716: 21705: 21704: 21693: 21692: 21681: 21680: 21669: 21668: 21657: 21656: 21639: 21638: 21627: 21626: 21615: 21614: 21605:Democratic Rally 21603: 21602: 21593:Democratic Union 21591: 21590: 21579: 21578: 21567: 21566: 21557:National Renewal 21555: 21554: 21543: 21542: 21531: 21530: 21519: 21518: 21507: 21506: 21495: 21494: 21483: 21482: 21471: 21470: 21459: 21458: 21447: 21446: 21435: 21434: 21425:Palmavon Webster 21423: 21422: 21413:Democratic Party 21411: 21410: 21396: 21395: 21391: 21390: 21380: 21379: 21310: 21303: 21296: 21287: 21286: 21225:Women's Equality 20733:House of Commons 20708: 20701: 20694: 20685: 20684: 20672: 20671: 20660: 20659: 20658: 20650: 20649: 20648: 20523: 20522: 20512: 20511: 20444: 20443: 20118:Factional groups 20082:Sectional groups 20061: 20060: 20050: 20049: 19869: 19868: 19858: 19857: 19735:Major re-elected 19671: 19670: 19320: 19319:Chairmen (1911–) 19215: 19164: 19149: 19143: 19118: 19117:House of Commons 19051: 19045: 19044: 19034: 19033: 18971:Coalition Coupon 18900: 18899: 18889: 18888: 18881: 18872: 18865: 18858: 18849: 18848: 18781:Conservatives.tv 18777: 18772: 18771: 18769:Official website 18741: 18739: 18737: 18562: 18445: 18435:Green, E. H. H. 18428:Green, E. H. H. 18418: 18394: 18346:Campbell, John. 18315: 18282: 18236: 18235: 18233: 18231: 18216: 18210: 18209: 18207: 18205: 18193: 18187: 18186: 18184: 18182: 18163: 18157: 18156: 18154: 18152: 18137: 18131: 18130: 18128: 18126: 18107: 18101: 18100: 18098: 18096: 18087:. Archived from 18077: 18071: 18070: 18068: 18066: 18057:. Archived from 18047: 18038: 18037: 18035: 18033: 18018: 18012: 18011: 18009: 18007: 17992: 17986: 17985: 17979: 17969: 17963: 17962: 17960: 17958: 17943: 17937: 17936: 17925: 17919: 17916: 17910: 17909: 17901: 17895: 17894: 17892: 17890: 17875: 17869: 17868: 17866: 17864: 17858: 17852:. Archived from 17847: 17838: 17832: 17831: 17829: 17827: 17807: 17801: 17800: 17798: 17796: 17790: 17783: 17775: 17769: 17768: 17766: 17764: 17745: 17739: 17738: 17736: 17734: 17725:. 11 July 2011. 17715: 17709: 17708: 17706: 17704: 17685: 17679: 17678: 17676: 17674: 17654: 17648: 17647: 17645: 17643: 17632:fabrikbrands.com 17623: 17617: 17616: 17614: 17612: 17592: 17586: 17585: 17583: 17581: 17562: 17556: 17555: 17553: 17551: 17523: 17517: 17516: 17514: 17512: 17484: 17478: 17477: 17475: 17473: 17445: 17436: 17435: 17433: 17431: 17411: 17402: 17401: 17399: 17397: 17382: 17376: 17375: 17373: 17371: 17348: 17342: 17341: 17339: 17337: 17326:Good Law Project 17318: 17312: 17311: 17309: 17307: 17285: 17279: 17278: 17276: 17274: 17259: 17253: 17252: 17250: 17248: 17225: 17219: 17218: 17216: 17214: 17192: 17183: 17182: 17180: 17178: 17159: 17153: 17152: 17150: 17148: 17131: 17120: 17119: 17113: 17109: 17107: 17099: 17097: 17095: 17075: 17069: 17068: 17066: 17064: 17039: 17033: 17032: 17030: 17028: 17009: 17003: 17002: 17000: 16998: 16983: 16977: 16976: 16974: 16972: 16963:. 29 July 2014. 16953: 16947: 16946: 16944: 16942: 16920: 16914: 16913: 16911: 16909: 16900:. Archived from 16889: 16883: 16882: 16880: 16878: 16856: 16850: 16849: 16837: 16831: 16830: 16828: 16826: 16804: 16798: 16797: 16795: 16793: 16773: 16767: 16766: 16764: 16762: 16740: 16734: 16733: 16731: 16729: 16694: 16685: 16682: 16676: 16675: 16655: 16649: 16648: 16646: 16644: 16629: 16623: 16622: 16620: 16618: 16603: 16597: 16596: 16594: 16592: 16577: 16571: 16570: 16568: 16566: 16546: 16540: 16539: 16537: 16535: 16516: 16510: 16509: 16501: 16499: 16479: 16473: 16472: 16470: 16468: 16462: 16455: 16446: 16440: 16439: 16437: 16435: 16416: 16410: 16409: 16384: 16378: 16377: 16375: 16373: 16358: 16349: 16339: 16330: 16329: 16327: 16325: 16305: 16299: 16298: 16296: 16294: 16285:. 27 June 2006. 16275: 16269: 16268: 16266: 16264: 16245: 16239: 16238: 16236: 16234: 16209: 16203: 16202: 16200: 16174: 16165: 16164: 16162: 16160: 16141: 16135: 16134: 16132: 16130: 16111: 16105: 16104: 16102: 16100: 16081: 16075: 16074: 16072: 16070: 16056: 16050: 16049: 16047: 16045: 16026: 16020: 16019: 16017: 16015: 16001: 15995: 15994: 15992: 15990: 15971: 15965: 15964: 15958: 15950: 15944: 15943: 15941: 15939: 15919: 15913: 15912: 15910: 15908: 15885: 15879: 15878: 15876: 15874: 15867:Zemo Partnership 15859: 15853: 15852: 15850: 15848: 15825: 15819: 15818: 15816: 15814: 15799: 15793: 15792: 15790: 15788: 15768: 15759: 15758: 15748: 15740: 15734: 15733: 15731: 15729: 15718:www.ageuk.org.uk 15710: 15704: 15703: 15701: 15699: 15680: 15674: 15673: 15671: 15669: 15648: 15642: 15641: 15626: 15620: 15619: 15617: 15615: 15592: 15583: 15582: 15580: 15578: 15559: 15553: 15552: 15550: 15548: 15533: 15527: 15526: 15524: 15522: 15503: 15497: 15496: 15494: 15492: 15473: 15467: 15466: 15464: 15462: 15443: 15437: 15436: 15434: 15432: 15412: 15406: 15405: 15403: 15401: 15382: 15376: 15375: 15373: 15371: 15349: 15343: 15342: 15340: 15338: 15319: 15308: 15307: 15305: 15303: 15288: 15282: 15281: 15279: 15277: 15241: 15235: 15234: 15232: 15230: 15219:RoyalSociety.org 15211: 15205: 15204: 15202: 15200: 15181: 15175: 15174: 15163: 15157: 15156: 15154: 15152: 15132: 15126: 15125: 15123: 15121: 15102: 15096: 15078: 15072: 15071: 15069: 15067: 15047: 15041: 15040: 15038: 15036: 15017: 15011: 15010: 14995: 14989: 14988: 14986: 14984: 14975:. Archived from 14968: 14959: 14958: 14956: 14954: 14939: 14933: 14932: 14930: 14928: 14909: 14903: 14902: 14900: 14898: 14883: 14877: 14876: 14874: 14872: 14849: 14843: 14842: 14840: 14838: 14818: 14812: 14811: 14809: 14807: 14787: 14781: 14780: 14778: 14776: 14757: 14751: 14750: 14748: 14746: 14727: 14721: 14720: 14718: 14716: 14697: 14691: 14690: 14688: 14686: 14667: 14661: 14660: 14658: 14656: 14637: 14631: 14630: 14628: 14626: 14607: 14601: 14600: 14598: 14596: 14577: 14571: 14570: 14568: 14566: 14547: 14541: 14540: 14538: 14536: 14515: 14509: 14508: 14506: 14504: 14487:(29 June 2016). 14481: 14475: 14474: 14472: 14470: 14448: 14442: 14441: 14439: 14437: 14409: 14403: 14402: 14400: 14398: 14378: 14372: 14371: 14369: 14367: 14345: 14339: 14338: 14336: 14334: 14314: 14305: 14304: 14302: 14300: 14286: 14280: 14279: 14277: 14275: 14255: 14249: 14248: 14246: 14244: 14229: 14223: 14222: 14220: 14218: 14209:. 13 July 2020. 14199: 14193: 14192: 14190: 14188: 14169: 14163: 14162: 14160: 14158: 14138: 14132: 14131: 14129: 14127: 14107: 14101: 14100: 14098: 14096: 14076: 14070: 14069: 14067: 14065: 14045: 14039: 14038: 14036: 14034: 14015: 14006: 14005: 14003: 14001: 13981: 13975: 13974: 13972: 13970: 13951: 13945: 13944: 13936: 13930: 13929: 13927: 13925: 13905: 13899: 13898: 13896: 13894: 13879: 13873: 13872: 13870: 13868: 13848: 13842: 13841: 13839: 13837: 13822: 13816: 13813: 13807: 13806: 13804: 13802: 13787: 13781: 13780: 13778: 13776: 13761: 13755: 13754: 13752: 13750: 13744: 13708:British Politics 13705: 13696: 13690: 13689: 13678:10.4000/osb.1594 13661: 13655: 13654: 13652: 13650: 13635: 13629: 13628: 13626: 13624: 13609: 13603: 13602: 13600: 13598: 13579: 13573: 13572: 13570: 13568: 13553: 13547: 13546: 13544: 13542: 13523: 13517: 13516: 13514: 13512: 13493: 13487: 13486: 13484: 13482: 13463: 13457: 13454: 13448: 13447: 13445: 13443: 13424: 13418: 13417: 13415: 13413: 13397: 13391: 13390: 13388: 13386: 13358: 13352: 13351: 13349: 13347: 13328: 13322: 13321: 13319: 13317: 13308:. 10 June 2024. 13302: 13296: 13295: 13293: 13291: 13272: 13266: 13265: 13263: 13261: 13233: 13227: 13226: 13224: 13222: 13202: 13196: 13195: 13193: 13191: 13176: 13170: 13169: 13167: 13165: 13146: 13137: 13136: 13134: 13132: 13118: 13112: 13111: 13109: 13107: 13088: 13082: 13081: 13079: 13077: 13062: 13056: 13055: 13053: 13051: 13031: 13025: 13024: 13022: 13020: 13000: 12994: 12993: 12991: 12989: 12970: 12964: 12963: 12961: 12959: 12939: 12933: 12932: 12930: 12928: 12917:6 September 2022 12909: 12903: 12902: 12900: 12898: 12883: 12877: 12876: 12874: 12872: 12852: 12846: 12845: 12843: 12841: 12821: 12815: 12814: 12812: 12810: 12790: 12784: 12783: 12781: 12779: 12760: 12754: 12753: 12751: 12749: 12734: 12728: 12727: 12725: 12723: 12703: 12697: 12696: 12694: 12692: 12672: 12666: 12665: 12663: 12661: 12642: 12636: 12635: 12633: 12631: 12612: 12606: 12605: 12603: 12601: 12582: 12576: 12575: 12573: 12571: 12552: 12546: 12545: 12543: 12541: 12522: 12516: 12515: 12513: 12511: 12502:. 23 July 2019. 12492: 12486: 12485: 12483: 12481: 12462: 12456: 12455: 12453: 12451: 12436: 12430: 12429: 12427: 12425: 12409: 12403: 12402: 12400: 12398: 12378: 12372: 12371: 12369: 12367: 12352: 12346: 12345: 12343: 12341: 12326: 12320: 12319: 12317: 12315: 12293: 12287: 12286: 12284: 12282: 12260: 12254: 12253: 12251: 12249: 12234: 12228: 12227: 12225: 12223: 12207: 12201: 12200: 12198: 12196: 12181: 12175: 12174: 12172: 12170: 12154: 12148: 12147: 12145: 12143: 12117: 12111: 12110: 12108: 12106: 12091: 12085: 12084: 12082: 12080: 12065: 12059: 12058: 12056: 12054: 12039: 12033: 12032: 12030: 12028: 12013: 12007: 12006: 12004: 12002: 11987: 11981: 11980: 11978: 11976: 11960: 11954: 11953: 11951: 11949: 11934: 11928: 11927: 11925: 11923: 11903: 11897: 11896: 11894: 11892: 11877: 11871: 11870: 11868: 11866: 11851: 11845: 11844: 11842: 11840: 11820: 11814: 11813: 11811: 11809: 11803:Evening Standard 11794: 11788: 11787: 11785: 11783: 11763: 11757: 11756: 11754: 11752: 11733: 11727: 11726: 11724: 11722: 11707: 11701: 11700: 11698: 11696: 11681: 11675: 11674: 11672: 11670: 11650: 11644: 11643: 11641: 11639: 11619: 11613: 11612: 11610: 11608: 11588: 11582: 11581: 11570: 11564: 11563: 11561: 11559: 11540: 11534: 11533: 11531: 11529: 11509: 11503: 11502: 11500: 11498: 11479: 11473: 11472: 11470: 11468: 11453: 11447: 11446: 11444: 11442: 11423: 11417: 11416: 11414: 11412: 11397: 11391: 11390: 11388: 11386: 11371: 11365: 11364: 11362: 11360: 11354: 11343: 11335: 11329: 11328: 11326: 11324: 11308: 11302: 11301: 11299: 11297: 11281: 11275: 11274: 11272: 11270: 11255: 11249: 11248: 11246: 11244: 11229: 11220: 11219: 11217: 11215: 11196: 11187: 11184: 11178: 11177: 11171: 11163: 11161: 11159: 11139: 11133: 11132: 11130: 11128: 11109: 11103: 11102: 11100: 11098: 11087: 11078: 11077: 11075: 11073: 11058: 11052: 11051: 11049: 11047: 11041: 11034: 11026: 11020: 11019: 11017: 11015: 11000: 10994: 10993: 10991: 10989: 10969: 10963: 10962: 10960: 10958: 10949:. 5 April 2005. 10939: 10933: 10932: 10930: 10928: 10913: 10907: 10906: 10904: 10902: 10883: 10877: 10876: 10874: 10872: 10863:. 5 April 2005. 10853: 10847: 10846: 10844: 10842: 10823: 10817: 10816: 10814: 10812: 10789: 10783: 10782: 10780: 10778: 10769:. 5 April 2005. 10759: 10750: 10749: 10747: 10745: 10739: 10723: 10717: 10710: 10704: 10697: 10691: 10685: 10679: 10678: 10676: 10674: 10665:. 5 April 2005. 10655: 10649: 10648: 10646: 10644: 10635:. 5 April 2005. 10625: 10619: 10618: 10616: 10614: 10605:. 27 July 1996. 10595: 10589: 10588: 10586: 10584: 10569: 10563: 10556: 10550: 10547: 10541: 10540: 10538: 10536: 10505: 10499: 10493: 10487: 10477: 10471: 10464: 10458: 10457: 10431: 10425: 10424: 10403: 10397: 10390: 10384: 10377: 10368: 10358: 10352: 10342: 10336: 10335: 10327: 10318: 10317: 10297: 10291: 10290: 10282: 10276: 10266: 10260: 10259: 10247: 10241: 10240: 10238: 10232:. Archived from 10230:Bodleian Library 10227: 10214: 10208: 10207: 10202:. Archived from 10191: 10185: 10184: 10172: 10159: 10153: 10152: 10151:on 8 April 2019. 10141:Ensor, R. C. K. 10138: 10132: 10131: 10103: 10097: 10092:David Paterson, 10090: 10084: 10083:(1965) pp. 66–81 10077: 10071: 10070: 10068: 10066: 10038: 10032: 10031: 10030: 10028: 10019:, archived from 10010: 10004: 10003: 9995: 9989: 9982: 9976: 9975: 9973: 9971: 9951: 9945: 9944: 9942: 9940: 9921:The New Republic 9913: 9907: 9906: 9904: 9902: 9882: 9876: 9875: 9873: 9871: 9851: 9845: 9844: 9842: 9840: 9824: 9818: 9817: 9815: 9813: 9794: 9788: 9787: 9785: 9783: 9763: 9757: 9756: 9754: 9752: 9732: 9723: 9722: 9720: 9718: 9699: 9690: 9689: 9687: 9685: 9666: 9660: 9659: 9657: 9655: 9646:. 30 July 2021. 9636: 9630: 9629: 9627: 9625: 9606: 9600: 9599: 9597: 9595: 9576: 9570: 9569: 9567: 9565: 9546: 9540: 9539: 9537: 9535: 9516: 9510: 9509: 9507: 9505: 9485: 9479: 9478: 9476: 9474: 9454: 9448: 9442: 9441: 9425: 9419: 9418: 9404: 9398: 9397: 9392: 9390: 9342: 9336: 9335: 9330: 9300: 9294: 9293: 9258: 9249: 9243: 9242: 9213: 9207: 9206: 9200: 9198: 9157: 9148: 9147: 9134: 9122:Race & Class 9112: 9106: 9105: 9103: 9101: 9092:. Archived from 9081: 9075: 9074: 9072: 9070: 9051: 9045: 9034: 9028: 9027: 9007: 8998: 8997: 8995: 8993: 8978: 8969: 8968: 8946: 8937: 8931: 8930: 8928: 8926: 8910: 8904: 8901: 8895: 8889: 8886: 8880: 8874: 8873: 8871: 8869: 8854: 8848: 8847: 8845: 8843: 8823: 8814: 8813: 8811: 8809: 8798:PoliticsHome.com 8789: 8783: 8782: 8780: 8778: 8772:Evening Standard 8763: 8757: 8756: 8754: 8752: 8737: 8722: 8715: 8709: 8702: 8696: 8689: 8683: 8672: 8666: 8659: 8608: 8603: 8602: 8601: 8594: 8589: 8588: 8587: 8580: 8575: 8574: 8480: 8475:Party structures 8416: 8373: 8305: 8230: 8207: 8204: 8198: 8195: 8189: 8186: 8180: 8177: 8171: 8168: 8162: 8159: 8153: 8150: 8144: 8141: 8135: 8132: 8126: 8123: 8117: 8111: 8102: 8099: 8078: 8077: 8067: 8066: 8059: 8031: 8030: 8020: 8019: 8012: 7981: 7975: 7974: 7964: 7963: 7956: 7928: 7927: 7917: 7916: 7909: 7883: 7882: 7872: 7871: 7864: 7836: 7835: 7825: 7824: 7817: 7789: 7788: 7778: 7777: 7770: 7742: 7741: 7731: 7730: 7723: 7700: 7699: 7689: 7688: 7681: 7653: 7652: 7642: 7641: 7634: 7611: 7610: 7600: 7599: 7592: 7569: 7568: 7558: 7557: 7550: 7522: 7521: 7511: 7510: 7503: 7484:Labour minority 7480: 7479: 7469: 7468: 7461: 7438: 7437: 7427: 7426: 7419: 7396: 7395: 7385: 7384: 7377: 7349: 7348: 7338: 7337: 7330: 7302: 7301: 7291: 7290: 7283: 7270:Harold Macmillan 7255: 7254: 7244: 7243: 7236: 7211:National Liberal 7205: 7204: 7194: 7193: 7186: 7163: 7162: 7152: 7151: 7144: 7121: 7120: 7110: 7109: 7102: 7076:Liberal National 7070: 7069: 7059: 7058: 7051: 7025: 7024: 7014: 7013: 7006: 6987:Labour minority 6983: 6982: 6972: 6971: 6964: 6941: 6940: 6930: 6929: 6922: 6899: 6898: 6888: 6887: 6880: 6852: 6851: 6841: 6840: 6833: 6807: 6806: 6796: 6795: 6784: 6745: 6744: 6734: 6733: 6726: 6703: 6702: 6692: 6691: 6684: 6661: 6660: 6650: 6649: 6642: 6614: 6613: 6603: 6602: 6595: 6572: 6571: 6561: 6560: 6553: 6530: 6529: 6519: 6518: 6511: 6491:Liberal Unionist 6485: 6484: 6474: 6473: 6466: 6443: 6442: 6432: 6431: 6424: 6396: 6395: 6385: 6384: 6377: 6354: 6353: 6343: 6342: 6335: 6312: 6311: 6301: 6300: 6293: 6263: 6262: 6252: 6251: 6244: 6221: 6220: 6210: 6209: 6202: 6179: 6178: 6168: 6167: 6160: 6137: 6136: 6126: 6125: 6118: 6095: 6094: 6084: 6083: 6076: 6048: 6047: 6037: 6036: 6029: 6006: 6005: 5995: 5994: 5987: 5962: 5961: 5951: 5950: 5943: 5884: 5878: 5776:Andrew Rosindell 5731: 5724: 5717: 5600: 5571:G. K. Chesterton 5551:3rd Earl of Bute 5531:Roger L'Estrange 5515: 5472: 5451: 5364: 5355: 5344: 5328: 5327: 5241:Michael Portillo 5124:Harold Macmillan 5101: 5094: 5087: 5071: 5070: 5069: 5059: 5058: 5047: 5046: 5045: 4932:Harold Macmillan 4812: 4809: 4795: 4794: 4690:EU member states 4607:Republican Party 4586:Good Law Project 4466:holds meetings. 4172:active transport 4127:by 78% by 2035. 4125:carbon emissions 4070:July 2015 budget 4044:Universal Credit 3972:, introduce the 3942:drug prohibition 3652:, together with 3650:mass immigration 3643:multiculturalism 3525: 3518: 3511: 3495: 3494: 3493: 3483: 3482: 3481: 3461: 3375:The Sunday Times 3335:Evening Standard 3298:ConservativeHome 3281: 3272:Turning Point UK 3258: 3230: 3197: 3073: 3063: 3053: 3043: 3033: 3023: 3013: 3003: 2993: 2983: 2973: 2963: 2953: 2943: 2933: 2923: 2913: 2903: 2893: 2883: 2873: 2863: 2451:Johnson (Samuel) 2255:Social hierarchy 2235:Moral absolutism 2186:British unionism 2059: 2049: 2032: 2031: 1874:House of Commons 1805:general election 1474:Community Charge 1300:Harold Macmillan 1220:Harold Macmillan 1142:Ramsay MacDonald 1121:Interwar Britain 956:Quarterly Review 951:J. Wilson Croker 937: 921: 911: 896:English politics 744:British unionist 648:, is one of the 627: 591: 588: 574: 560: 546: 532: 518: 504: 490: 476: 462: 455:House of Commons 373: 311: 289:British unionism 257: 188:Preceded by 159: 157: 152: 144: 142: 137: 48: 32: 31: 21: 22236: 22235: 22231: 22230: 22229: 22227: 22226: 22225: 22151: 22150: 22149: 22144: 22143: 22130: 22125: 22113: 22101: 22089: 22077: 22065: 22053: 22041: 22029: 22017: 22005: 21993: 21981: 21969: 21957: 21945: 21933: 21921: 21909: 21897: 21891: 21879: 21867: 21855: 21843: 21831: 21819: 21807: 21795: 21783: 21771: 21759: 21747: 21735: 21723: 21711: 21699: 21687: 21675: 21663: 21651: 21645: 21633: 21621: 21609: 21597: 21585: 21573: 21561: 21549: 21537: 21525: 21513: 21501: 21489: 21477: 21465: 21453: 21441: 21429: 21417: 21405: 21385: 21374: 21373: 21319: 21314: 21284: 21279: 21261: 21254:technical group 21239: 21133: 21095:London Assembly 21089: 21054:Ulster Unionist 21021: 20977: 20954:Scottish Greens 20948:Scottish Labour 20921: 20916:Lords Spiritual 20886:Green (E&W) 20835: 20788:Green (E&W) 20727: 20717: 20712: 20677: 20669: 20664: 20656: 20654: 20646: 20644: 20630: 20617: 20611: 20605: 20599: 20593: 20587: 20576: 20570: 20558: 20550: 20539: 20533: 20517: 20516:Party alliances 20502: 20493:Policy Exchange 20449: 20430: 20397: 20348:No Turning Back 20113: 20077: 20055: 20036: 20020: 20004: 19988: 19957: 19941: 19918: 19902: 19863: 19862:Party structure 19848: 19676: 19657: 19619: 19318: 19312: 19214:Leaders (1922–) 19213: 19207: 19152: 19142: 19120: 19116: 19110: 19053: 19049: 19039: 19020: 18956:Primrose League 18914: 18894: 18883: 18879: 18876: 18815:Wayback Machine 18795:Wayback Machine 18767: 18766: 18763: 18758: 18735: 18733: 18684: 18679: 18675:Wayback Machine 18613:Wayback Machine 18565:Powell, David. 18552:Wayback Machine 18536:(2007) textbook 18511:Wayback Machine 18498:Lawrence, Jon. 18443: 18392: 18387:Wayback Machine 18325:Blake, Robert. 18305:Wayback Machine 18279: 18244: 18242:Further reading 18239: 18229: 18227: 18218: 18217: 18213: 18203: 18201: 18194: 18190: 18180: 18178: 18165: 18164: 18160: 18150: 18148: 18139: 18138: 18134: 18124: 18122: 18109: 18108: 18104: 18094: 18092: 18079: 18078: 18074: 18064: 18062: 18049: 18048: 18041: 18031: 18029: 18020: 18019: 18015: 18005: 18003: 17994: 17993: 17989: 17970: 17966: 17956: 17954: 17953:on 20 June 2013 17945: 17944: 17940: 17926: 17922: 17917: 17913: 17902: 17898: 17888: 17886: 17876: 17872: 17862: 17860: 17856: 17845: 17839: 17835: 17825: 17823: 17808: 17804: 17794: 17792: 17788: 17781: 17777: 17776: 17772: 17762: 17760: 17753:Financial Times 17747: 17746: 17742: 17732: 17730: 17717: 17716: 17712: 17702: 17700: 17687: 17686: 17682: 17672: 17670: 17655: 17651: 17641: 17639: 17624: 17620: 17610: 17608: 17593: 17589: 17579: 17577: 17564: 17563: 17559: 17549: 17547: 17540: 17524: 17520: 17510: 17508: 17501: 17485: 17481: 17471: 17469: 17462: 17446: 17439: 17429: 17427: 17412: 17405: 17395: 17393: 17383: 17379: 17369: 17367: 17349: 17345: 17335: 17333: 17320: 17319: 17315: 17305: 17303: 17286: 17282: 17272: 17270: 17260: 17256: 17246: 17244: 17226: 17222: 17212: 17210: 17193: 17186: 17176: 17174: 17161: 17160: 17156: 17146: 17144: 17132: 17123: 17111: 17110: 17101: 17100: 17093: 17091: 17076: 17072: 17062: 17060: 17043:Gabriel Pogrund 17040: 17036: 17026: 17024: 17011: 17010: 17006: 16996: 16994: 16985: 16984: 16980: 16970: 16968: 16955: 16954: 16950: 16940: 16938: 16921: 16917: 16907: 16905: 16904:on 12 July 2013 16890: 16886: 16876: 16874: 16857: 16853: 16838: 16834: 16824: 16822: 16805: 16801: 16791: 16789: 16774: 16770: 16760: 16758: 16741: 16737: 16727: 16725: 16718: 16695: 16688: 16683: 16679: 16672: 16656: 16652: 16642: 16640: 16630: 16626: 16616: 16614: 16604: 16600: 16590: 16588: 16578: 16574: 16564: 16562: 16547: 16543: 16533: 16531: 16518: 16517: 16513: 16505:Tim Montgomerie 16497: 16495: 16480: 16476: 16466: 16464: 16460: 16453: 16447: 16443: 16433: 16431: 16418: 16417: 16413: 16406: 16388:Rallings, Colin 16385: 16381: 16371: 16369: 16360: 16359: 16352: 16340: 16333: 16323: 16321: 16306: 16302: 16292: 16290: 16277: 16276: 16272: 16262: 16260: 16247: 16246: 16242: 16232: 16230: 16210: 16206: 16175: 16168: 16158: 16156: 16143: 16142: 16138: 16128: 16126: 16113: 16112: 16108: 16098: 16096: 16083: 16082: 16078: 16068: 16066: 16064:www.ciht.org.uk 16058: 16057: 16053: 16043: 16041: 16036:. 1 June 2023. 16028: 16027: 16023: 16013: 16011: 16003: 16002: 15998: 15988: 15986: 15973: 15972: 15968: 15956: 15952: 15951: 15947: 15937: 15935: 15920: 15916: 15906: 15904: 15886: 15882: 15872: 15870: 15869:. 23 April 2021 15861: 15860: 15856: 15846: 15844: 15826: 15822: 15812: 15810: 15800: 15796: 15786: 15784: 15769: 15762: 15741: 15737: 15727: 15725: 15712: 15711: 15707: 15697: 15695: 15682: 15681: 15677: 15667: 15665: 15660:. 8 July 2015. 15650: 15649: 15645: 15628: 15627: 15623: 15613: 15611: 15593: 15586: 15576: 15574: 15561: 15560: 15556: 15546: 15544: 15535: 15534: 15530: 15520: 15518: 15505: 15504: 15500: 15490: 15488: 15475: 15474: 15470: 15460: 15458: 15445: 15444: 15440: 15430: 15428: 15413: 15409: 15399: 15397: 15384: 15383: 15379: 15369: 15367: 15350: 15346: 15336: 15334: 15321: 15320: 15311: 15301: 15299: 15290: 15289: 15285: 15275: 15273: 15242: 15238: 15228: 15226: 15213: 15212: 15208: 15198: 15196: 15183: 15182: 15178: 15165: 15164: 15160: 15150: 15148: 15133: 15129: 15119: 15117: 15104: 15103: 15099: 15089:Wayback Machine 15079: 15075: 15065: 15063: 15048: 15044: 15034: 15032: 15019: 15018: 15014: 14997: 14996: 14992: 14982: 14980: 14979:on 1 April 2010 14969: 14962: 14952: 14950: 14949:on 1 April 2010 14941: 14940: 14936: 14926: 14924: 14919:. 11 May 2017. 14911: 14910: 14906: 14896: 14894: 14893:on 22 June 2011 14885: 14884: 14880: 14870: 14868: 14850: 14846: 14836: 14834: 14819: 14815: 14805: 14803: 14788: 14784: 14774: 14772: 14759: 14758: 14754: 14744: 14742: 14729: 14728: 14724: 14714: 14712: 14699: 14698: 14694: 14684: 14682: 14675:The Independent 14669: 14668: 14664: 14654: 14652: 14639: 14638: 14634: 14624: 14622: 14609: 14608: 14604: 14594: 14592: 14579: 14578: 14574: 14564: 14562: 14549: 14548: 14544: 14534: 14532: 14517: 14516: 14512: 14502: 14500: 14485:Greenslade, Roy 14482: 14478: 14468: 14466: 14449: 14445: 14435: 14433: 14410: 14406: 14396: 14394: 14379: 14375: 14365: 14363: 14346: 14342: 14332: 14330: 14315: 14308: 14298: 14296: 14294:Financial Times 14288: 14287: 14283: 14273: 14271: 14256: 14252: 14242: 14240: 14230: 14226: 14216: 14214: 14201: 14200: 14196: 14186: 14184: 14171: 14170: 14166: 14156: 14154: 14139: 14135: 14125: 14123: 14116:The Independent 14108: 14104: 14094: 14092: 14077: 14073: 14063: 14061: 14046: 14042: 14032: 14030: 14017: 14016: 14009: 13999: 13997: 13982: 13978: 13968: 13966: 13953: 13952: 13948: 13937: 13933: 13923: 13921: 13906: 13902: 13892: 13890: 13881: 13880: 13876: 13866: 13864: 13849: 13845: 13835: 13833: 13824: 13823: 13819: 13814: 13810: 13800: 13798: 13788: 13784: 13774: 13772: 13770:The Independent 13762: 13758: 13748: 13746: 13742: 13703: 13697: 13693: 13662: 13658: 13648: 13646: 13637: 13636: 13632: 13622: 13620: 13610: 13606: 13596: 13594: 13581: 13580: 13576: 13566: 13564: 13563:. 11 March 2021 13555: 13554: 13550: 13540: 13538: 13525: 13524: 13520: 13510: 13508: 13495: 13494: 13490: 13480: 13478: 13471:Financial Times 13465: 13464: 13460: 13455: 13451: 13441: 13439: 13432:Financial Times 13426: 13425: 13421: 13411: 13409: 13398: 13394: 13384: 13382: 13359: 13355: 13345: 13343: 13330: 13329: 13325: 13315: 13313: 13304: 13303: 13299: 13289: 13287: 13274: 13273: 13269: 13259: 13257: 13234: 13230: 13220: 13218: 13211:The Independent 13203: 13199: 13189: 13187: 13177: 13173: 13163: 13161: 13148: 13147: 13140: 13130: 13128: 13120: 13119: 13115: 13105: 13103: 13090: 13089: 13085: 13075: 13073: 13063: 13059: 13049: 13047: 13032: 13028: 13018: 13016: 13001: 12997: 12987: 12985: 12972: 12971: 12967: 12957: 12955: 12940: 12936: 12926: 12924: 12911: 12910: 12906: 12896: 12894: 12885: 12884: 12880: 12870: 12868: 12853: 12849: 12839: 12837: 12822: 12818: 12808: 12806: 12791: 12787: 12777: 12775: 12770:. 19 May 2022. 12762: 12761: 12757: 12747: 12745: 12735: 12731: 12721: 12719: 12704: 12700: 12690: 12688: 12673: 12669: 12659: 12657: 12644: 12643: 12639: 12629: 12627: 12614: 12613: 12609: 12599: 12597: 12584: 12583: 12579: 12569: 12567: 12554: 12553: 12549: 12539: 12537: 12524: 12523: 12519: 12509: 12507: 12494: 12493: 12489: 12479: 12477: 12472:. 24 May 2019. 12464: 12463: 12459: 12449: 12447: 12438: 12437: 12433: 12423: 12421: 12410: 12406: 12396: 12394: 12387:The Independent 12379: 12375: 12365: 12363: 12354: 12353: 12349: 12339: 12337: 12328: 12327: 12323: 12313: 12311: 12294: 12290: 12280: 12278: 12261: 12257: 12247: 12245: 12236: 12235: 12231: 12221: 12219: 12208: 12204: 12194: 12192: 12183: 12182: 12178: 12168: 12166: 12155: 12151: 12141: 12139: 12127:Financial Times 12118: 12114: 12104: 12102: 12093: 12092: 12088: 12078: 12076: 12067: 12066: 12062: 12052: 12050: 12041: 12040: 12036: 12026: 12024: 12015: 12014: 12010: 12000: 11998: 11989: 11988: 11984: 11974: 11972: 11961: 11957: 11947: 11945: 11936: 11935: 11931: 11921: 11919: 11904: 11900: 11890: 11888: 11878: 11874: 11864: 11862: 11853: 11852: 11848: 11838: 11836: 11821: 11817: 11807: 11805: 11795: 11791: 11781: 11779: 11764: 11760: 11750: 11748: 11743:. 4 July 2022. 11735: 11734: 11730: 11720: 11718: 11708: 11704: 11694: 11692: 11682: 11678: 11668: 11666: 11659:The Independent 11651: 11647: 11637: 11635: 11620: 11616: 11606: 11604: 11597:The Independent 11589: 11585: 11572: 11571: 11567: 11557: 11555: 11542: 11541: 11537: 11527: 11525: 11510: 11506: 11496: 11494: 11481: 11480: 11476: 11466: 11464: 11454: 11450: 11440: 11438: 11425: 11424: 11420: 11410: 11408: 11398: 11394: 11384: 11382: 11373: 11372: 11368: 11358: 11356: 11352: 11341: 11337: 11336: 11332: 11322: 11320: 11309: 11305: 11295: 11293: 11282: 11278: 11268: 11266: 11257: 11256: 11252: 11242: 11240: 11231: 11230: 11223: 11213: 11211: 11198: 11197: 11190: 11185: 11181: 11165: 11164: 11157: 11155: 11148:slideplayer.com 11140: 11136: 11126: 11124: 11111: 11110: 11106: 11096: 11094: 11093:. 22 April 1993 11089: 11088: 11081: 11071: 11069: 11060: 11059: 11055: 11045: 11043: 11039: 11032: 11028: 11027: 11023: 11013: 11011: 11002: 11001: 10997: 10987: 10985: 10978:The Independent 10970: 10966: 10956: 10954: 10941: 10940: 10936: 10926: 10924: 10915: 10914: 10910: 10900: 10898: 10885: 10884: 10880: 10870: 10868: 10855: 10854: 10850: 10840: 10838: 10824: 10820: 10810: 10808: 10790: 10786: 10776: 10774: 10761: 10760: 10753: 10743: 10741: 10737: 10725: 10724: 10720: 10711: 10707: 10698: 10694: 10686: 10682: 10672: 10670: 10657: 10656: 10652: 10642: 10640: 10627: 10626: 10622: 10612: 10610: 10597: 10596: 10592: 10582: 10580: 10571: 10570: 10566: 10557: 10553: 10548: 10544: 10534: 10532: 10525: 10506: 10502: 10494: 10490: 10478: 10474: 10466:Blake, Robert. 10465: 10461: 10451: 10442:Wayback Machine 10432: 10428: 10421: 10407:Kynaston, David 10404: 10400: 10391: 10387: 10378: 10371: 10364:(2nd ed. 1987) 10359: 10355: 10343: 10339: 10328: 10321: 10298: 10294: 10283: 10279: 10267: 10263: 10248: 10244: 10236: 10225: 10215: 10211: 10192: 10188: 10181: 10160: 10156: 10139: 10135: 10104: 10100: 10091: 10087: 10078: 10074: 10064: 10062: 10055: 10039: 10035: 10026: 10024: 10012: 10011: 10007: 9996: 9992: 9983: 9979: 9969: 9967: 9960:The Independent 9952: 9948: 9938: 9936: 9915: 9914: 9910: 9900: 9898: 9883: 9879: 9869: 9867: 9852: 9848: 9838: 9836: 9825: 9821: 9811: 9809: 9802:The Independent 9796: 9795: 9791: 9781: 9779: 9764: 9760: 9750: 9748: 9733: 9726: 9716: 9714: 9707:The Independent 9701: 9700: 9693: 9683: 9681: 9676:. 25 May 2022. 9668: 9667: 9663: 9653: 9651: 9644:The Independent 9638: 9637: 9633: 9623: 9621: 9608: 9607: 9603: 9593: 9591: 9586:. 12 May 2021. 9578: 9577: 9573: 9563: 9561: 9548: 9547: 9543: 9533: 9531: 9518: 9517: 9513: 9503: 9501: 9486: 9482: 9472: 9470: 9455: 9451: 9445: 9426: 9422: 9405: 9401: 9388: 9386: 9371: 9343: 9339: 9301: 9297: 9271:Wiley-Blackwell 9256: 9250: 9246: 9235: 9214: 9210: 9196: 9194: 9187: 9158: 9151: 9113: 9109: 9099: 9097: 9090:The Independent 9082: 9078: 9068: 9066: 9053: 9052: 9048: 9037: 9031: 9024: 9008: 9001: 8991: 8989: 8979: 8972: 8965: 8953: 8947: 8940: 8934: 8924: 8922: 8911: 8907: 8902: 8898: 8892: 8887: 8883: 8877: 8867: 8865: 8856: 8855: 8851: 8841: 8839: 8824: 8817: 8807: 8805: 8790: 8786: 8776: 8774: 8764: 8760: 8750: 8748: 8739: 8738: 8734: 8730: 8725: 8716: 8712: 8703: 8699: 8690: 8686: 8673: 8669: 8663:Reform Act 1867 8660: 8656: 8652: 8604: 8599: 8597: 8590: 8585: 8583: 8578:Politics portal 8576: 8569: 8566: 8561: 8477: 8472: 8432:Economic League 8413: 8408: 8370: 8365: 8302: 8300:Interest groups 8297: 8271:The Monday Club 8227: 8222: 8216: 8211: 8210: 8205: 8201: 8196: 8192: 8187: 8183: 8178: 8174: 8169: 8165: 8160: 8156: 8151: 8147: 8142: 8138: 8133: 8129: 8124: 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5299:Friedrich Hayek 5208: 5120:Stanley Baldwin 5105: 5067: 5065: 5053: 5043: 5041: 5034: 5033: 5014: 5006: 5005: 4980: 4972: 4971: 4927:Stanley Baldwin 4902: 4894: 4893: 4858:Noblesse oblige 4822: 4808: 4793: 4777:neoconservatism 4753: 4722:market research 4710: 4654:Law and Justice 4652:and the Polish 4599: 4516: 4472: 4456: 4433: 4427: 4406: 4400: 4389:Tim Montgomerie 4373: 4364:decision-making 4291: 4289:Party structure 4286: 4235: 4200: 4168:high-speed rail 4164: 4133: 4083: 4031: 4009: 3966: 3931: 3861: 3788:, London Mayor 3782:neoconservative 3751:entrepreneurial 3747:Free Trade Area 3675: 3596: 3529: 3491: 3489: 3479: 3477: 3470: 3469: 3459: 3403: 3395: 3394: 3293: 3285: 3284: 3279: 3256: 3254:Right Book Club 3249:Policy Exchange 3228: 3195: 3173: 3165: 3164: 3098:Christian Party 3085: 3077: 3076: 3071: 3061: 3051: 3041: 3031: 3021: 3011: 3001: 2991: 2981: 2978:Rivers of Blood 2971: 2961: 2951: 2941: 2931: 2921: 2911: 2901: 2891: 2881: 2871: 2861: 2852: 2844: 2843: 2709: 2701: 2700: 2641:Johnson (Boris) 2559: 2551: 2550: 2351: 2343: 2342: 2323:Oxford Movement 2288: 2280: 2279: 2240:Ordered liberty 2212:Noblesse oblige 2181: 2173: 2172: 2067: 2047: 2045: 2030: 2028:Economic policy 2025: 1992: 1986: 1972:Bank of England 1934: 1928: 1926:2022: Liz Truss 1849: 1843: 1809:hung parliament 1775: 1769: 1719:hung parliament 1705: 1699: 1647: 1639:Ken Livingstone 1568: 1521:Black Wednesday 1490: 1428:Milton Friedman 1424:Friedrich Hayek 1383: 1377: 1321: 1213: 1185: 1180: 1174: 1147:National Labour 1138:Stanley Baldwin 1123: 1117: 1079: 1073: 1071:First World War 1060:Irish Home Rule 989:1884 Reform Act 973: 869: 849: 843: 803:business owners 742:. The party is 711:. In 1912, the 690:prime ministers 640:, commonly the 630: 615: 614: 585: 575: 572: 561: 558: 547: 544: 533: 530: 525:London Assembly 519: 516: 511:Regional mayors 505: 502: 491: 488: 477: 474: 463: 460: 437: 371: 363: 349: 342: 335: 303: 293: 255: 204: 183: 164: 160: 155: 153: 150: 149:9 May 1912 146:(original form) 145: 140: 138: 135: 120:Chief Executive 103: 39: 38: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 22234: 22224: 22223: 22218: 22213: 22208: 22203: 22198: 22193: 22188: 22183: 22178: 22173: 22168: 22163: 22146: 22145: 22140: 22139: 22136: 22135: 22132: 22131: 22127: 22126: 22124: 22123: 22111: 22099: 22087: 22075: 22073:Moderate Party 22063: 22051: 22039: 22037:People's Party 22027: 22015: 22003: 21991: 21979: 21967: 21955: 21943: 21931: 21919: 21907: 21894: 21892: 21890: 21889: 21887:National Party 21877: 21865: 21853: 21841: 21829: 21817: 21805: 21793: 21791:National Party 21781: 21779:Unionist Party 21769: 21757: 21745: 21733: 21721: 21709: 21697: 21685: 21673: 21661: 21648: 21646: 21644: 21643: 21631: 21619: 21607: 21595: 21583: 21571: 21559: 21547: 21535: 21523: 21511: 21499: 21487: 21475: 21463: 21451: 21439: 21427: 21415: 21402: 21400: 21394: 21387: 21386: 21384:Member parties 21376: 21375: 21372: 21371: 21366: 21361: 21356: 21351: 21346: 21341: 21336: 21331: 21325: 21324: 21321: 21320: 21313: 21312: 21305: 21298: 21290: 21281: 21280: 21278: 21277: 21272: 21266: 21263: 21262: 21258:abstentionists 21244: 21241: 21240: 21238: 21237: 21232: 21227: 21222: 21217: 21212: 21207: 21202: 21197: 21192: 21187: 21182: 21180:Heritage Party 21177: 21172: 21167: 21162: 21157: 21152: 21150:Animal Welfare 21147: 21141: 21139: 21135: 21134: 21132: 21131: 21125: 21119: 21113: 21107: 21100: 21098: 21091: 21090: 21088: 21087: 21081: 21075: 21069: 21063: 21057: 21051: 21045: 21039: 21032: 21030: 21023: 21022: 21020: 21019: 21013: 21007: 21001: 20995: 20988: 20986: 20979: 20978: 20976: 20975: 20969: 20963: 20957: 20951: 20945: 20939: 20932: 20930: 20923: 20922: 20920: 20919: 20913: 20907: 20904:Non-affiliated 20901: 20895: 20889: 20883: 20877: 20871: 20865: 20859: 20853: 20846: 20844: 20841:House of Lords 20837: 20836: 20834: 20833: 20827: 20821: 20815: 20809: 20803: 20797: 20791: 20785: 20779: 20773: 20767: 20761: 20755: 20749: 20738: 20736: 20729: 20728: 20722: 20719: 20718: 20711: 20710: 20703: 20696: 20688: 20682: 20679: 20678: 20666: 20665: 20643: 20640: 20639: 20636: 20635: 20632: 20631: 20629: 20628: 20618: 20612: 20606: 20600: 20594: 20588: 20577: 20571: 20566: 20564: 20560: 20559: 20557: 20556: 20551: 20540: 20534: 20529: 20527: 20519: 20518: 20508: 20507: 20504: 20503: 20501: 20500: 20495: 20490: 20485: 20480: 20475: 20470: 20465: 20460: 20454: 20451: 20450: 20440: 20439: 20436: 20435: 20432: 20431: 20429: 20428: 20423: 20422: 20421: 20416: 20405: 20403: 20399: 20398: 20396: 20395: 20390: 20385: 20380: 20375: 20370: 20365: 20360: 20355: 20350: 20345: 20340: 20335: 20330: 20325: 20320: 20315: 20310: 20305: 20300: 20295: 20290: 20285: 20280: 20275: 20270: 20265: 20260: 20255: 20250: 20245: 20240: 20235: 20230: 20225: 20220: 20215: 20210: 20205: 20200: 20195: 20190: 20187: 20182: 20177: 20172: 20167: 20162: 20157: 20152: 20147: 20142: 20137: 20132: 20127: 20121: 20119: 20115: 20114: 20112: 20111: 20106: 20101: 20096: 20091: 20085: 20083: 20079: 20078: 20076: 20075: 20067: 20065: 20057: 20056: 20046: 20045: 20042: 20041: 20038: 20037: 20035: 20034: 20028: 20026: 20022: 20021: 20019: 20018: 20012: 20010: 20006: 20005: 20003: 20002: 19996: 19994: 19990: 19989: 19987: 19986: 19981: 19976: 19971: 19965: 19963: 19959: 19958: 19956: 19955: 19949: 19947: 19943: 19942: 19940: 19939: 19938: 19937: 19930:1922 Committee 19926: 19924: 19920: 19919: 19917: 19916: 19910: 19908: 19904: 19903: 19901: 19900: 19895: 19894: 19893: 19892: 19891: 19875: 19873: 19865: 19864: 19854: 19853: 19850: 19849: 19847: 19846: 19845: 19844: 19834: 19833: 19832: 19822: 19821: 19820: 19810: 19809: 19808: 19798: 19797: 19796: 19786: 19785: 19784: 19774: 19773: 19772: 19762: 19761: 19760: 19750: 19749: 19748: 19738: 19737: 19736: 19728: 19727: 19726: 19716: 19715: 19714: 19706: 19705: 19704: 19694: 19693: 19692: 19681: 19678: 19677: 19667: 19666: 19663: 19662: 19659: 19658: 19656: 19655: 19654: 19653: 19648: 19643: 19638: 19627: 19625: 19621: 19620: 19618: 19617: 19612: 19607: 19602: 19597: 19592: 19583: 19574: 19565: 19556: 19551: 19546: 19541: 19532: 19523: 19518: 19513: 19508: 19499: 19494: 19489: 19484: 19479: 19474: 19469: 19464: 19459: 19454: 19449: 19444: 19439: 19434: 19429: 19424: 19419: 19414: 19409: 19404: 19399: 19390: 19385: 19380: 19375: 19370: 19365: 19360: 19355: 19350: 19348:N. Chamberlain 19345: 19340: 19335: 19330: 19328:Steel-Maitland 19324: 19322: 19314: 19313: 19311: 19310: 19305: 19300: 19295: 19290: 19285: 19280: 19275: 19270: 19265: 19260: 19255: 19250: 19245: 19240: 19235: 19233:N. Chamberlain 19230: 19225: 19219: 19217: 19209: 19208: 19206: 19205: 19203:A. Chamberlain 19200: 19195: 19190: 19185: 19180: 19175: 19170: 19165: 19150: 19140: 19135: 19130: 19124: 19122: 19112: 19111: 19109: 19108: 19103: 19098: 19093: 19088: 19083: 19078: 19073: 19068: 19063: 19057: 19055: 19050:House of Lords 19041: 19040: 19030: 19029: 19026: 19025: 19022: 19021: 19019: 19018: 19013: 19008: 19003: 18998: 18993: 18988: 18983: 18978: 18973: 18968: 18963: 18958: 18953: 18948: 18943: 18938: 18933: 18928: 18922: 18920: 18916: 18915: 18913: 18912: 18906: 18904: 18896: 18895: 18885: 18884: 18875: 18874: 18867: 18860: 18852: 18846: 18845: 18836: 18830: 18824: 18818: 18804: 18798: 18784: 18778: 18762: 18761:External links 18759: 18757: 18756: 18749: 18742: 18720:(2): 290–304. 18700: 18693: 18685: 18683: 18682:Historiography 18680: 18678: 18677: 18660: 18653: 18646: 18632:Snowdon, Peter 18629: 18622: 18615: 18598: 18593:Searle, G. R. 18591: 18577: 18570: 18563: 18554: 18537: 18530: 18529:(1955) 694 pp; 18520: 18513: 18496: 18489: 18482: 18475: 18468: 18454:Harris, Robert 18451: 18440: 18433: 18426: 18419: 18410: 18400: 18389: 18365: 18358: 18344: 18333: 18323: 18316: 18307: 18290: 18285:Ball, Stuart. 18283: 18277: 18261: 18245: 18243: 18240: 18238: 18237: 18211: 18188: 18158: 18132: 18102: 18072: 18039: 18013: 18002:on 4 June 2011 17987: 17964: 17938: 17935:. p. 145. 17920: 17911: 17896: 17870: 17833: 17802: 17779:"Document 783" 17770: 17740: 17710: 17680: 17649: 17618: 17587: 17557: 17538: 17518: 17500:978-0822306191 17499: 17479: 17461:978-0749406691 17460: 17437: 17403: 17377: 17343: 17313: 17280: 17254: 17220: 17184: 17154: 17121: 17070: 17034: 17004: 16978: 16948: 16915: 16884: 16851: 16832: 16799: 16768: 16735: 16716: 16710:. p. 45. 16686: 16677: 16670: 16650: 16624: 16598: 16572: 16541: 16511: 16474: 16441: 16411: 16404: 16379: 16350: 16331: 16300: 16270: 16240: 16213:Lewis, Anthony 16204: 16166: 16136: 16106: 16076: 16051: 16021: 15996: 15966: 15945: 15922:Walker, Andy. 15914: 15880: 15854: 15820: 15794: 15760: 15735: 15705: 15675: 15643: 15621: 15584: 15554: 15528: 15498: 15468: 15438: 15407: 15377: 15344: 15309: 15283: 15236: 15206: 15176: 15158: 15127: 15097: 15073: 15042: 15012: 14990: 14960: 14934: 14904: 14878: 14844: 14813: 14782: 14752: 14722: 14692: 14662: 14632: 14615:www.bod.org.uk 14602: 14572: 14542: 14510: 14476: 14443: 14404: 14373: 14340: 14306: 14281: 14250: 14224: 14194: 14177:Channel 4 News 14164: 14133: 14102: 14071: 14040: 14007: 13976: 13946: 13931: 13900: 13874: 13843: 13832:on 29 May 2013 13817: 13808: 13782: 13756: 13714:(2): 131–147. 13691: 13656: 13630: 13604: 13574: 13561:www.hull.ac.uk 13548: 13518: 13488: 13458: 13449: 13419: 13392: 13353: 13323: 13297: 13267: 13228: 13197: 13171: 13138: 13113: 13083: 13057: 13026: 12995: 12965: 12934: 12904: 12893:. 13 July 2022 12878: 12847: 12816: 12785: 12755: 12729: 12698: 12667: 12637: 12607: 12577: 12547: 12517: 12487: 12457: 12431: 12404: 12373: 12347: 12321: 12288: 12255: 12229: 12202: 12176: 12149: 12112: 12086: 12060: 12034: 12008: 11982: 11955: 11929: 11898: 11872: 11846: 11829:Independent.ie 11815: 11789: 11758: 11728: 11702: 11676: 11645: 11614: 11583: 11580:on 6 May 2008. 11565: 11535: 11504: 11474: 11448: 11418: 11392: 11366: 11330: 11303: 11276: 11250: 11221: 11188: 11179: 11134: 11104: 11079: 11053: 11021: 10995: 10964: 10934: 10908: 10878: 10848: 10818: 10784: 10751: 10718: 10705: 10699:David Dutton, 10692: 10680: 10650: 10620: 10590: 10564: 10551: 10542: 10523: 10500: 10488: 10472: 10459: 10426: 10419: 10398: 10385: 10369: 10353: 10337: 10319: 10292: 10277: 10261: 10242: 10221:Trust (2009). 10209: 10186: 10179: 10154: 10133: 10114:(2): 149–166. 10098: 10085: 10072: 10054:978-0195343342 10053: 10033: 10005: 9990: 9984:Robert Blake, 9977: 9946: 9908: 9877: 9846: 9819: 9789: 9758: 9724: 9691: 9661: 9631: 9601: 9571: 9541: 9511: 9480: 9449: 9443: 9420: 9399: 9369: 9337: 9295: 9269:(5). Hoboken: 9244: 9233: 9208: 9185: 9163:(March 2023). 9149: 9107: 9096:on 9 July 2022 9076: 9046: 9035: 9029: 9022: 8999: 8970: 8963: 8938: 8932: 8905: 8896: 8890: 8881: 8875: 8864:on 9 June 2016 8849: 8815: 8784: 8758: 8747:. 24 July 2024 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8723: 8710: 8697: 8684: 8667: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8647: 8646: 8641: 8636: 8631: 8626: 8621: 8616: 8610: 8609: 8595: 8581: 8565: 8562: 8558: 8557: 8553: 8552: 8547: 8542: 8537: 8530: 8529: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8512: 8510:1922 Committee 8505: 8504: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8478: 8476: 8473: 8469: 8468: 8464: 8463: 8457: 8450: 8449: 8448: 8443: 8436: 8435: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8405: 8404: 8400: 8399: 8392: 8391: 8390: 8383: 8382: 8381: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8362: 8361: 8357: 8356: 8351: 8344: 8343: 8342: 8337: 8330: 8329: 8328: 8323: 8318: 8313: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8294: 8293: 8289: 8288: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8215: 8212: 8209: 8208: 8199: 8190: 8181: 8172: 8163: 8154: 8145: 8136: 8127: 8118: 8103: 8093: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8084: 8083: 8080: 8072: 8069: 8061: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8048: 8043: 8037: 8036: 8033: 8025: 8022: 8014: 8009: 8007: 8004: 8001: 7996: 7990: 7989: 7977: 7969: 7966: 7958: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7945: 7940: 7934: 7933: 7930: 7922: 7919: 7911: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7898: 7892: 7891: 7885: 7877: 7874: 7866: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7853: 7848: 7842: 7841: 7838: 7830: 7827: 7819: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7806: 7804:Michael Howard 7801: 7795: 7794: 7791: 7783: 7780: 7772: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7759: 7754: 7748: 7747: 7744: 7736: 7733: 7725: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7712: 7706: 7705: 7702: 7694: 7691: 7683: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7670: 7665: 7659: 7658: 7655: 7647: 7644: 7636: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7623: 7617: 7616: 7613: 7605: 7602: 7594: 7589: 7587: 7584: 7581: 7575: 7574: 7571: 7563: 7560: 7552: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7539: 7534: 7528: 7527: 7524: 7516: 7513: 7505: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7492: 7486: 7485: 7482: 7474: 7471: 7463: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7450: 7444: 7443: 7440: 7432: 7429: 7421: 7416: 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6708: 6705: 6697: 6694: 6686: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6673: 6667: 6666: 6663: 6655: 6652: 6644: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6631: 6629:Arthur Balfour 6626: 6620: 6619: 6616: 6608: 6605: 6597: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6584: 6578: 6577: 6574: 6566: 6563: 6555: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6542: 6536: 6535: 6532: 6524: 6521: 6513: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6500: 6494: 6493: 6487: 6479: 6476: 6468: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6455: 6449: 6448: 6445: 6437: 6434: 6426: 6421: 6419: 6416: 6413: 6408: 6402: 6401: 6398: 6390: 6387: 6379: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6366: 6360: 6359: 6356: 6348: 6345: 6337: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6324: 6318: 6317: 6314: 6306: 6303: 6295: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6282: 6277: 6271: 6270: 6265: 6257: 6254: 6246: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6233: 6227: 6226: 6223: 6215: 6212: 6204: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6191: 6185: 6184: 6181: 6173: 6170: 6162: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6139: 6131: 6128: 6120: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6107: 6101: 6100: 6097: 6089: 6086: 6078: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6065: 6060: 6054: 6053: 6050: 6042: 6039: 6031: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6018: 6012: 6011: 6008: 6000: 5997: 5989: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5970: 5969: 5964: 5956: 5953: 5945: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5932: 5927: 5921: 5920: 5917: 5914: 5911: 5908: 5904: 5903: 5900: 5897: 5894: 5891: 5888: 5850: 5847: 5818: 5815: 5807:Kenneth Clarke 5791: 5788: 5743: 5740: 5737: 5736: 5734: 5733: 5726: 5719: 5711: 5708: 5707: 5704: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5676:Tory socialism 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5602: 5599:Related topics 5597: 5596: 5593: 5592: 5589: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5546:Samuel Johnson 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5517: 5512: 5511: 5508: 5507: 5504: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5486:Family Compact 5483: 5478: 5473: 5469:Château Clique 5464: 5459: 5453: 5450:General topics 5448: 5447: 5444: 5443: 5440: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5422:Traditionalism 5419: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5366: 5361: 5360: 5357: 5356: 5348: 5347: 5337: 5336: 5280:Better Off Out 5207: 5204: 5107: 5106: 5104: 5103: 5096: 5089: 5081: 5078: 5077: 5076: 5075: 5063: 5051: 5036: 5035: 5032: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5015: 5012: 5011: 5008: 5007: 5004: 5003: 4996: 4989: 4981: 4978: 4977: 4974: 4973: 4970: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4957:George Osborne 4954: 4949: 4944: 4942:Michael Howard 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4903: 4900: 4899: 4896: 4895: 4892: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4879:Responsibility 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4823: 4820: 4819: 4816: 4815: 4803: 4802: 4792: 4789: 4781:Euroscepticism 4752: 4751:Party factions 4749: 4726:Michael Peters 4709: 4706: 4630:European Union 4598: 4595: 4571:Sergei Kopytov 4515: 4512: 4498:Advisory Board 4471: 4468: 4455: 4452: 4429:Main article: 4426: 4423: 4399: 4396: 4372: 4369: 4337:1922 Committee 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4234: 4231: 4199: 4196: 4163: 4160: 4132: 4129: 4082: 4079: 4030: 4027: 4021:both parents. 4008: 4005: 3993:European Union 3965: 3962: 3930: 3927: 3860: 3859:Defence policy 3857: 3825:Arthur Balfour 3810:European Union 3741:(NATO) to the 3674: 3673:Foreign policy 3671: 3663:European Union 3595: 3592: 3560:Euroscepticism 3549:free childcare 3531: 3530: 3528: 3527: 3520: 3513: 3505: 3502: 3501: 3500: 3499: 3487: 3472: 3471: 3468: 3467: 3462: 3452: 3451: 3450: 3445: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3404: 3401: 3400: 3397: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3337: 3332: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3316: 3315: 3313:Sunday Express 3305: 3300: 3294: 3291: 3290: 3287: 3286: 3283: 3282: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3174: 3171: 3170: 3167: 3166: 3163: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3141: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3118:Heritage Party 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3086: 3083: 3082: 3079: 3078: 3075: 3074: 3064: 3054: 3044: 3034: 3024: 3014: 3004: 2994: 2984: 2974: 2964: 2954: 2944: 2934: 2924: 2914: 2904: 2894: 2884: 2874: 2864: 2853: 2850: 2849: 2846: 2845: 2842: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2771: 2766: 2761: 2756: 2754:Johnson (Paul) 2751: 2746: 2741: 2736: 2731: 2726: 2721: 2716: 2710: 2707: 2706: 2703: 2702: 2699: 2698: 2693: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2673: 2668: 2663: 2658: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2638: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2617: 2616: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2560: 2557: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2408: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2352: 2349: 2348: 2345: 2344: 2341: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2295: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2282: 2281: 2278: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2247: 2242: 2237: 2232: 2227: 2222: 2217: 2216: 2215: 2208: 2203: 2193: 2188: 2182: 2179: 2178: 2175: 2174: 2171: 2170: 2169: 2168: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2117: 2116: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2090: 2089: 2079: 2074: 2068: 2065: 2064: 2061: 2060: 2052: 2051: 2041: 2040: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2021: 1988:Main article: 1985: 1982: 1930:Main article: 1927: 1924: 1845:Main article: 1842: 1839: 1771:Main article: 1768: 1765: 1701:Main article: 1698: 1695: 1691:Baroness Warsi 1646: 1643: 1605:Michael Howard 1567: 1564: 1545:Kenneth Clarke 1535:. The party's 1533:European Union 1489: 1486: 1451:miners' strike 1376: 1373: 1320: 1317: 1261:Party chairman 1212: 1209: 1189:food rationing 1184: 1181: 1176:Main article: 1173: 1170: 1119:Main article: 1116: 1113: 1108:anti-Socialism 1072: 1069: 1009:Arthur Balfour 972: 969: 900:Exclusion Bill 868: 865: 845:Main article: 842: 839: 768:European Union 764:British Empire 748:united Ireland 709:British Empire 654:United Kingdom 632: 631: 629: 628: 624:City of London 616: 613: 612: 607: 602: 596: 593: 592: 582: 581: 577: 576: 573:5,104 / 18,766 571: 569: 563: 562: 557: 555: 549: 548: 543: 541: 539:PCCs and PFCCs 535: 534: 529: 527: 521: 520: 515: 513: 507: 506: 501: 499: 493: 492: 487: 485: 479: 478: 473: 471: 469:House of Lords 465: 464: 459: 457: 451: 450: 448:1922 Committee 445: 439: 438: 436: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 409: 407: 401: 400: 395: 393:Governing body 389: 388: 382: 378: 377: 369: 365: 364: 362: 361: 351: 344: 337: 329: 327: 323: 322: 317: 313: 312: 301: 295: 294: 292: 291: 286: 281: 270: 268: 262: 261: 258: 251: 250: 245: 241: 240: 235: 231: 230: 225: 219: 218: 213: 207: 206: 199: 195: 194: 189: 185: 184: 182: 181: 176: 172: 170: 169:Merger of 166: 165: 163: 162: 161:(current form) 147: 131: 129: 125: 124: 123:Stephen Massey 121: 117: 116: 111: 105: 104: 102: 101: 94: 83: 81: 75: 74: 69: 63: 62: 56: 50: 49: 41: 40: 36: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 22233: 22222: 22219: 22217: 22214: 22212: 22209: 22207: 22204: 22202: 22199: 22197: 22194: 22192: 22189: 22187: 22184: 22182: 22179: 22177: 22174: 22172: 22169: 22167: 22164: 22162: 22159: 22158: 22156: 22122: 22117: 22112: 22110: 22105: 22100: 22098: 22093: 22088: 22086: 22081: 22076: 22074: 22069: 22064: 22062: 22057: 22052: 22050: 22045: 22040: 22038: 22033: 22028: 22026: 22021: 22016: 22014: 22009: 22004: 22002: 21997: 21992: 21990: 21985: 21980: 21978: 21973: 21968: 21966: 21961: 21956: 21954: 21949: 21944: 21942: 21937: 21932: 21930: 21925: 21920: 21918: 21913: 21908: 21906: 21901: 21896: 21895: 21893: 21888: 21883: 21878: 21876: 21871: 21866: 21864: 21859: 21854: 21852: 21847: 21842: 21840: 21835: 21830: 21828: 21823: 21818: 21816: 21811: 21806: 21804: 21799: 21794: 21792: 21787: 21782: 21780: 21775: 21770: 21768: 21763: 21758: 21756: 21755:New Democracy 21751: 21746: 21744: 21739: 21734: 21732: 21727: 21722: 21720: 21715: 21710: 21708: 21703: 21698: 21696: 21691: 21686: 21684: 21679: 21674: 21672: 21667: 21662: 21660: 21655: 21650: 21649: 21647: 21642: 21637: 21632: 21630: 21625: 21620: 21618: 21613: 21608: 21606: 21601: 21596: 21594: 21589: 21584: 21582: 21577: 21572: 21570: 21565: 21560: 21558: 21553: 21548: 21546: 21541: 21536: 21534: 21529: 21524: 21522: 21517: 21512: 21510: 21505: 21500: 21498: 21493: 21488: 21486: 21481: 21476: 21474: 21469: 21464: 21462: 21457: 21452: 21450: 21445: 21440: 21438: 21437:Liberal Party 21433: 21428: 21426: 21421: 21416: 21414: 21409: 21404: 21403: 21401: 21398: 21397: 21392: 21388: 21381: 21377: 21370: 21367: 21365: 21362: 21360: 21357: 21355: 21352: 21350: 21347: 21345: 21342: 21340: 21337: 21335: 21332: 21330: 21327: 21326: 21322: 21318: 21311: 21306: 21304: 21299: 21297: 21292: 21291: 21288: 21276: 21273: 21271: 21268: 21267: 21264: 21259: 21255: 21252: 21248: 21242: 21236: 21233: 21231: 21228: 21226: 21223: 21221: 21218: 21216: 21213: 21211: 21208: 21206: 21203: 21201: 21198: 21196: 21193: 21191: 21188: 21186: 21183: 21181: 21178: 21176: 21173: 21171: 21168: 21166: 21163: 21161: 21160:Britain First 21158: 21156: 21153: 21151: 21148: 21146: 21143: 21142: 21140: 21138:Other parties 21136: 21129: 21126: 21123: 21120: 21117: 21116:London Greens 21114: 21111: 21108: 21105: 21104:London Labour 21102: 21101: 21099: 21096: 21092: 21085: 21082: 21079: 21076: 21073: 21070: 21067: 21064: 21061: 21058: 21055: 21052: 21049: 21046: 21043: 21040: 21037: 21034: 21033: 21031: 21028: 21024: 21017: 21014: 21011: 21008: 21005: 21002: 20999: 20996: 20993: 20990: 20989: 20987: 20984: 20980: 20973: 20970: 20967: 20964: 20961: 20958: 20955: 20952: 20949: 20946: 20943: 20940: 20937: 20934: 20933: 20931: 20928: 20924: 20917: 20914: 20911: 20908: 20905: 20902: 20899: 20896: 20893: 20890: 20887: 20884: 20881: 20878: 20875: 20872: 20869: 20866: 20863: 20860: 20857: 20856:Crossbenchers 20854: 20851: 20848: 20847: 20845: 20842: 20838: 20831: 20828: 20825: 20822: 20819: 20816: 20813: 20810: 20807: 20804: 20801: 20798: 20795: 20792: 20789: 20786: 20783: 20780: 20777: 20774: 20771: 20768: 20765: 20762: 20759: 20756: 20753: 20750: 20747: 20743: 20740: 20739: 20737: 20734: 20730: 20725: 20720: 20716: 20709: 20704: 20702: 20697: 20695: 20690: 20689: 20686: 20680: 20673: 20663: 20653: 20641: 20626: 20622: 20619: 20616: 20613: 20610: 20607: 20604: 20601: 20598: 20595: 20592: 20589: 20585: 20581: 20578: 20575: 20572: 20568: 20567: 20565: 20561: 20555: 20552: 20548: 20544: 20541: 20538: 20535: 20531: 20530: 20528: 20524: 20520: 20513: 20509: 20499: 20496: 20494: 20491: 20489: 20486: 20484: 20481: 20479: 20476: 20474: 20471: 20469: 20466: 20464: 20461: 20459: 20456: 20455: 20452: 20445: 20441: 20427: 20424: 20420: 20417: 20415: 20412: 20411: 20410: 20407: 20406: 20404: 20400: 20394: 20393:Five Families 20391: 20389: 20386: 20384: 20381: 20379: 20376: 20374: 20373:Selsdon Group 20371: 20369: 20366: 20364: 20361: 20359: 20356: 20354: 20351: 20349: 20346: 20344: 20341: 20339: 20336: 20334: 20331: 20329: 20326: 20324: 20321: 20319: 20316: 20314: 20311: 20309: 20306: 20304: 20301: 20299: 20296: 20294: 20291: 20289: 20286: 20284: 20281: 20279: 20276: 20274: 20271: 20269: 20266: 20264: 20261: 20259: 20256: 20254: 20251: 20249: 20246: 20244: 20241: 20239: 20236: 20234: 20231: 20229: 20226: 20224: 20221: 20219: 20216: 20214: 20211: 20209: 20206: 20204: 20201: 20199: 20196: 20194: 20191: 20188: 20186: 20183: 20181: 20178: 20176: 20173: 20171: 20168: 20166: 20163: 20161: 20158: 20156: 20153: 20151: 20148: 20146: 20143: 20141: 20138: 20136: 20133: 20131: 20128: 20126: 20123: 20122: 20120: 20116: 20110: 20107: 20105: 20102: 20100: 20097: 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18897: 18890: 18886: 18882: 18873: 18868: 18866: 18861: 18859: 18854: 18853: 18850: 18844: 18840: 18837: 18834: 18831: 18828: 18825: 18822: 18819: 18816: 18812: 18808: 18805: 18802: 18799: 18796: 18792: 18788: 18785: 18782: 18779: 18776: 18770: 18765: 18764: 18754: 18750: 18747: 18743: 18731: 18727: 18723: 18719: 18715: 18711: 18705: 18701: 18698: 18694: 18691: 18687: 18686: 18676: 18672: 18669: 18665: 18661: 18658: 18654: 18651: 18647: 18645: 18641: 18637: 18633: 18630: 18627: 18623: 18620: 18616: 18614: 18610: 18607: 18603: 18599: 18596: 18592: 18590: 18589:0-7425-2203-2 18586: 18582: 18578: 18575: 18571: 18568: 18564: 18560: 18555: 18553: 18549: 18546: 18542: 18538: 18535: 18531: 18528: 18524: 18521: 18518: 18514: 18512: 18508: 18505: 18501: 18497: 18494: 18490: 18487: 18483: 18480: 18476: 18473: 18469: 18467: 18463: 18459: 18455: 18452: 18449: 18441: 18438: 18434: 18431: 18427: 18424: 18420: 18416: 18411: 18409: 18405: 18401: 18398: 18390: 18388: 18384: 18381: 18378: 18374: 18370: 18366: 18363: 18359: 18357: 18356:0-7126-6781-4 18353: 18349: 18345: 18342: 18338: 18334: 18332: 18328: 18324: 18321: 18317: 18313: 18308: 18306: 18302: 18299: 18295: 18291: 18288: 18284: 18280: 18274: 18270: 18266: 18262: 18259: 18255: 18251: 18247: 18246: 18226:. 3 July 2023 18225: 18224:The Spectator 18221: 18215: 18199: 18192: 18176: 18172: 18168: 18162: 18146: 18142: 18136: 18120: 18116: 18112: 18106: 18090: 18086: 18082: 18076: 18060: 18056: 18052: 18046: 18044: 18027: 18023: 18017: 18001: 17997: 17991: 17983: 17978: 17977: 17968: 17952: 17948: 17942: 17934: 17930: 17924: 17915: 17908:. p. 66. 17907: 17900: 17885: 17881: 17874: 17859:on 2 May 2014 17855: 17851: 17844: 17837: 17821: 17817: 17813: 17806: 17787: 17780: 17774: 17758: 17754: 17750: 17744: 17728: 17724: 17720: 17714: 17698: 17694: 17690: 17684: 17668: 17664: 17660: 17653: 17637: 17633: 17629: 17622: 17606: 17602: 17598: 17591: 17575: 17571: 17567: 17561: 17545: 17541: 17539:9781349253111 17535: 17531: 17530: 17522: 17506: 17502: 17496: 17492: 17491: 17483: 17467: 17463: 17457: 17453: 17452: 17444: 17442: 17425: 17421: 17417: 17410: 17408: 17392: 17391:The Telegraph 17388: 17381: 17366: 17362: 17358: 17354: 17347: 17331: 17327: 17323: 17317: 17301: 17297: 17296: 17291: 17284: 17269: 17265: 17258: 17243: 17239: 17235: 17231: 17224: 17208: 17204: 17203: 17198: 17191: 17189: 17172: 17168: 17164: 17158: 17143: 17142: 17137: 17130: 17128: 17126: 17117: 17105: 17089: 17085: 17081: 17074: 17058: 17054: 17053: 17048: 17044: 17038: 17022: 17018: 17014: 17008: 16992: 16988: 16982: 16966: 16962: 16958: 16952: 16936: 16932: 16931: 16926: 16919: 16903: 16899: 16895: 16888: 16872: 16868: 16867: 16866:The Telegraph 16862: 16855: 16847: 16843: 16836: 16820: 16816: 16815: 16814:The Telegraph 16810: 16803: 16787: 16783: 16782:The Telegraph 16779: 16772: 16756: 16752: 16751: 16746: 16739: 16723: 16719: 16717:9781907301575 16713: 16709: 16705: 16704: 16699: 16693: 16691: 16681: 16673: 16667: 16663: 16662: 16654: 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13671: 13667: 13660: 13644: 13640: 13634: 13619: 13615: 13608: 13592: 13588: 13584: 13578: 13562: 13558: 13552: 13536: 13532: 13528: 13522: 13506: 13502: 13498: 13492: 13476: 13472: 13468: 13462: 13453: 13437: 13433: 13429: 13423: 13407: 13403: 13396: 13380: 13376: 13372: 13368: 13367:The Telegraph 13364: 13357: 13341: 13337: 13333: 13327: 13311: 13307: 13301: 13285: 13281: 13277: 13271: 13255: 13251: 13247: 13243: 13239: 13232: 13216: 13212: 13208: 13201: 13186: 13182: 13175: 13159: 13155: 13151: 13145: 13143: 13127: 13123: 13117: 13101: 13097: 13093: 13087: 13072: 13068: 13061: 13045: 13041: 13037: 13030: 13014: 13010: 13006: 12999: 12983: 12979: 12975: 12969: 12953: 12949: 12945: 12938: 12922: 12918: 12914: 12908: 12892: 12888: 12882: 12866: 12862: 12858: 12851: 12835: 12831: 12827: 12820: 12804: 12800: 12796: 12789: 12773: 12769: 12765: 12759: 12744: 12740: 12733: 12717: 12713: 12709: 12702: 12686: 12682: 12678: 12671: 12655: 12651: 12647: 12641: 12625: 12621: 12617: 12611: 12595: 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11459: 11452: 11436: 11432: 11428: 11422: 11407: 11403: 11396: 11380: 11376: 11370: 11351: 11347: 11340: 11334: 11318: 11314: 11307: 11291: 11287: 11280: 11264: 11260: 11254: 11238: 11234: 11228: 11226: 11209: 11205: 11201: 11195: 11193: 11183: 11175: 11169: 11153: 11149: 11145: 11138: 11122: 11118: 11114: 11108: 11092: 11086: 11084: 11067: 11063: 11057: 11038: 11031: 11025: 11009: 11005: 10999: 10983: 10979: 10975: 10968: 10952: 10948: 10944: 10938: 10922: 10918: 10912: 10896: 10892: 10888: 10882: 10866: 10862: 10858: 10852: 10836: 10832: 10828: 10822: 10806: 10802: 10798: 10794: 10788: 10772: 10768: 10764: 10758: 10756: 10736: 10732: 10730: 10722: 10715: 10709: 10702: 10696: 10689: 10684: 10668: 10664: 10660: 10654: 10638: 10634: 10630: 10624: 10608: 10604: 10600: 10594: 10578: 10574: 10568: 10561: 10555: 10546: 10530: 10526: 10524:9780191587993 10520: 10516: 10515: 10510: 10504: 10497: 10496:The Economist 10492: 10485: 10481: 10480:Toye, Richard 10476: 10469: 10463: 10455: 10449: 10448: 10443: 10439: 10436: 10430: 10422: 10416: 10412: 10408: 10402: 10395: 10389: 10382: 10376: 10374: 10367: 10363: 10357: 10351: 10347: 10341: 10333: 10326: 10324: 10315: 10311: 10308:(2): 129–52. 10307: 10303: 10296: 10288: 10281: 10275: 10271: 10265: 10257: 10253: 10246: 10235: 10231: 10224: 10220: 10213: 10205: 10201: 10197: 10190: 10182: 10180:0-8020-1838-6 10176: 10171: 10170: 10164: 10163:Blewett, Neal 10158: 10150: 10146: 10145: 10137: 10129: 10125: 10121: 10117: 10113: 10109: 10102: 10095: 10089: 10082: 10076: 10060: 10056: 10050: 10046: 10045: 10037: 10022: 10018: 10017: 10009: 10001: 9994: 9987: 9981: 9965: 9961: 9957: 9950: 9934: 9930: 9926: 9922: 9918: 9912: 9896: 9892: 9891:New Statesman 9888: 9881: 9865: 9861: 9857: 9850: 9834: 9830: 9823: 9807: 9803: 9799: 9793: 9777: 9773: 9769: 9762: 9746: 9742: 9738: 9731: 9729: 9712: 9708: 9704: 9698: 9696: 9679: 9675: 9671: 9665: 9649: 9645: 9641: 9635: 9619: 9615: 9611: 9605: 9589: 9585: 9584:New Statesman 9581: 9575: 9559: 9555: 9551: 9545: 9529: 9525: 9521: 9515: 9499: 9495: 9491: 9484: 9468: 9464: 9460: 9453: 9447: 9439: 9435: 9431: 9424: 9416: 9415: 9410: 9403: 9396: 9384: 9380: 9376: 9372: 9366: 9362: 9358: 9354: 9350: 9349: 9341: 9334: 9329: 9324: 9320: 9317:. Amsterdam: 9316: 9312: 9311: 9306: 9299: 9292: 9288: 9284: 9280: 9276: 9272: 9268: 9264: 9263: 9255: 9248: 9241: 9236: 9234:9781032346571 9230: 9226: 9222: 9221: 9212: 9205: 9192: 9188: 9186:9781509546015 9182: 9178: 9177: 9172: 9169:. Cambridge: 9168: 9167: 9162: 9156: 9154: 9146: 9142: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9124: 9123: 9118: 9111: 9095: 9091: 9087: 9080: 9064: 9060: 9056: 9050: 9044: 9042: 9040: 9033: 9025: 9023:9780198831303 9019: 9015: 9014: 9006: 9004: 8988: 8984: 8977: 8975: 8966: 8964:9783030707095 8960: 8956: 8955: 8945: 8943: 8936: 8920: 8916: 8909: 8900: 8894: 8885: 8879: 8863: 8859: 8853: 8837: 8833: 8829: 8822: 8820: 8803: 8799: 8795: 8788: 8773: 8769: 8762: 8746: 8742: 8736: 8732: 8720: 8714: 8707: 8701: 8694: 8688: 8681: 8677: 8671: 8664: 8658: 8654: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8627: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8611: 8607: 8596: 8593: 8582: 8579: 8573: 8568: 8556: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8533: 8532: 8531: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8516: 8513: 8511: 8508: 8507: 8506: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8484: 8483: 8482: 8481: 8467: 8461: 8458: 8456: 8453: 8452: 8451: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8438: 8437: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8419: 8418: 8417: 8403: 8398: 8395: 8394: 8393: 8389: 8386: 8385: 8384: 8380: 8377: 8376: 8375: 8374: 8360: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8345: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8332: 8331: 8327: 8324: 8322: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8312: 8309: 8308: 8307: 8306: 8292: 8286: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8266:Selsdon Group 8264: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8254: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8233: 8232: 8231: 8221: 8203: 8194: 8185: 8176: 8167: 8158: 8149: 8140: 8131: 8122: 8116: 8110: 8108: 8098: 8094: 8081: 8073: 8070: 8062: 8055: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8042: 8039: 8038: 8035:Conservative 8034: 8026: 8023: 8015: 8008: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7999:Boris Johnson 7995: 7992: 7991: 7987: 7986: 7978: 7970: 7967: 7959: 7952: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7939: 7936: 7935: 7932:Conservative 7931: 7923: 7920: 7912: 7905: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7893: 7890: 7887:Conservative– 7886: 7878: 7875: 7867: 7860: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7851:David Cameron 7847: 7844: 7843: 7839: 7831: 7828: 7820: 7813: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7800: 7797: 7796: 7792: 7784: 7781: 7773: 7766: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7757:William Hague 7753: 7750: 7749: 7745: 7737: 7734: 7726: 7719: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7707: 7704:Conservative 7703: 7695: 7692: 7684: 7677: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7664: 7661: 7660: 7657:Conservative 7656: 7648: 7645: 7637: 7630: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7618: 7615:Conservative 7614: 7606: 7603: 7595: 7588: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7576: 7573:Conservative 7572: 7564: 7561: 7553: 7546: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7533: 7530: 7529: 7525: 7517: 7514: 7506: 7499: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7487: 7483: 7475: 7472: 7464: 7457: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7448:February 1974 7445: 7442:Conservative 7441: 7433: 7430: 7422: 7415: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7403: 7399: 7391: 7388: 7380: 7373: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7360: 7357: 7356: 7352: 7344: 7341: 7333: 7326: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7313: 7310: 7309: 7305: 7297: 7294: 7286: 7279: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7266: 7263: 7262: 7258: 7250: 7247: 7239: 7232: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7219: 7216: 7215: 7212: 7209:Conservative– 7208: 7200: 7197: 7189: 7182: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7170: 7166: 7158: 7155: 7147: 7140: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7128: 7124: 7116: 7113: 7105: 7098: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7085: 7082: 7081: 7077: 7074:Conservative– 7073: 7065: 7062: 7054: 7047: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7035: 7032: 7028: 7020: 7017: 7009: 7002: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6990: 6986: 6978: 6975: 6967: 6960: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6948: 6945:Conservative 6944: 6936: 6933: 6925: 6918: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6906: 6902: 6894: 6891: 6883: 6876: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6863: 6860: 6859: 6856:Conservative 6855: 6847: 6844: 6836: 6829: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6817: 6813: 6810: 6802: 6799: 6791: 6789: 6780: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6767: 6764: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6752: 6748: 6740: 6737: 6729: 6722: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6713:December 1910 6710: 6706: 6698: 6695: 6687: 6680: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6668: 6664: 6656: 6653: 6645: 6638: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6625: 6622: 6621: 6617: 6609: 6606: 6598: 6591: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6579: 6575: 6567: 6564: 6556: 6549: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6537: 6533: 6525: 6522: 6514: 6507: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6495: 6492: 6489:Conservative– 6488: 6480: 6477: 6469: 6462: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6450: 6446: 6438: 6435: 6427: 6420: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6407: 6404: 6403: 6399: 6391: 6388: 6380: 6373: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6361: 6358:Conservative 6357: 6349: 6346: 6338: 6331: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6319: 6315: 6307: 6304: 6296: 6289: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6276: 6273: 6272: 6269: 6266: 6258: 6255: 6247: 6240: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6228: 6224: 6216: 6213: 6205: 6198: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6186: 6182: 6174: 6171: 6163: 6156: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6144: 6140: 6132: 6129: 6121: 6114: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6102: 6098: 6090: 6087: 6079: 6072: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6063:Earl of Derby 6059: 6056: 6055: 6052:Conservative 6051: 6043: 6040: 6032: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6013: 6009: 6001: 5998: 5990: 5983: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5971: 5968: 5965: 5957: 5954: 5946: 5939: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5926: 5923: 5922: 5918: 5915: 5912: 5909: 5906: 5905: 5885: 5882: 5877: 5875: 5870: 5869: 5864: 5862: 5856: 5846: 5843: 5838: 5836: 5832: 5828: 5824: 5814: 5812: 5808: 5804: 5799: 5797: 5787: 5785: 5781: 5777: 5772: 5769: 5765: 5761: 5757: 5753: 5749: 5732: 5727: 5725: 5720: 5718: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5709: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5603: 5595: 5594: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5521:Robert Filmer 5519: 5518: 5510: 5509: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5471: 5470: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5454: 5446: 5445: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5417: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5390: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5367: 5359: 5358: 5354: 5350: 5349: 5346: 5345: 5339: 5338: 5334: 5330: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5295: 5293: 5292:Ronald Reagan 5289: 5285: 5281: 5277: 5273: 5269: 5264: 5262: 5258: 5257:William Hague 5254: 5250: 5246: 5245:Daniel Hannan 5242: 5238: 5234: 5230: 5226: 5222: 5218: 5217:privatisation 5213: 5203: 5201: 5200:Peter Tapsell 5197: 5194: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5181:Phillip Blond 5178: 5177:civil society 5174: 5169: 5167: 5163: 5162:welfare state 5159: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5142: 5140: 5136: 5133: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5117: 5113: 5102: 5097: 5095: 5090: 5088: 5083: 5082: 5080: 5079: 5074: 5064: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5050: 5040: 5039: 5038: 5037: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5016: 5013:Organisations 5010: 5009: 5002: 5001: 4997: 4995: 4994: 4990: 4988: 4987: 4983: 4982: 4976: 4975: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4962:Boris Johnson 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4947:David Cameron 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4904: 4898: 4897: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4884:Welfare State 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4874:Social policy 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4859: 4855: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4824: 4818: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4805: 4804: 4801: 4797: 4796: 4788: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4748: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4733: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4714:Olympic flame 4705: 4703: 4702:Lisbon treaty 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4622: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4594: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4580: 4576: 4575:Barclays Bank 4572: 4568: 4564: 4563: 4558: 4554: 4549: 4547: 4543: 4539: 4538: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4511: 4508: 4507: 4501: 4499: 4494: 4492: 4488: 4483: 4481: 4476: 4467: 4465: 4461: 4451: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4437: 4432: 4422: 4419: 4415: 4411: 4405: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4386: 4377: 4368: 4365: 4361: 4356: 4354: 4350: 4345: 4342: 4338: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4324: 4319: 4315: 4310: 4304: 4300: 4295: 4281: 4277: 4275: 4271: 4266: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4230: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4211: 4209: 4205: 4195: 4193: 4189: 4183: 4181: 4175: 4173: 4169: 4159: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4136: 4128: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4105: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4086:David Cameron 4078: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4062: 4060: 4059: 4058:You and Yours 4053: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4026: 4022: 4019: 4014: 4013:David Cameron 4007:Family policy 4004: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3989: 3985: 3983: 3979: 3976:, and reform 3975: 3971: 3961: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3938: 3936: 3926: 3924: 3919: 3917: 3911: 3909: 3903: 3901: 3900:cybersecurity 3896: 3891: 3889: 3885: 3880: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3856: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3841:Boris Johnson 3838: 3834: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3817: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3790:Boris Johnson 3787: 3783: 3779: 3776: 3772: 3771:David Cameron 3768: 3764: 3760: 3755: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3700: 3697:, Members of 3696: 3695:United States 3692: 3684: 3683:Ronald Reagan 3679: 3670: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3655: 3654:asylum seeker 3651: 3646: 3644: 3639: 3637: 3636:Ruth Davidson 3633: 3629: 3625: 3624:Owen Paterson 3621: 3617: 3612: 3610: 3600: 3594:Social policy 3591: 3589: 3585: 3580: 3575: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3552: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3526: 3521: 3519: 3514: 3512: 3507: 3506: 3504: 3503: 3498: 3488: 3486: 3476: 3475: 3474: 3473: 3466: 3463: 3458: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3440: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3405: 3399: 3398: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3355:The Spectator 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3314: 3311: 3310: 3309: 3308:Daily Express 3306: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3295: 3289: 3288: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3194: 3191: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3176: 3175: 3172:Organisations 3169: 3168: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3090: 3089: 3081: 3080: 3070: 3069: 3065: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3050: 3049: 3045: 3040: 3039: 3035: 3030: 3029: 3025: 3020: 3019: 3015: 3010: 3009: 3005: 3000: 2999: 2995: 2990: 2989: 2985: 2979: 2975: 2970: 2969: 2965: 2960: 2959: 2955: 2949: 2945: 2940: 2939: 2935: 2930: 2929: 2925: 2920: 2919: 2915: 2910: 2909: 2905: 2900: 2899: 2895: 2890: 2889: 2885: 2879: 2875: 2870: 2869: 2865: 2860: 2859: 2855: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2744:Hanbury-Tracy 2742: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2725: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2715: 2712: 2711: 2705: 2704: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2667: 2664: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2615: 2612: 2611: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2561: 2555: 2554: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2353: 2350:Intellectuals 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