617:
338:
633:
389:, one of the most powerful earls in England. Though Ranulf called himself, not consistently, duke of Brittany, he never had the control of the duchy, and is not known to have played an important role there, and the Bretons, as well as Constance, never acknowledged him as duke, and excluded him from the government of the duchy.
427:. Richard demanded that hostages were delivered to him in exchange for Constance's freedom. The Bretons agreed but Constance and the hostages remained imprisoned and rebellions went on. Richard eventually bowed to growing pressure and had the Duchess released in 1198. Back in Brittany, Constance had her marriage annulled.
472:
As a girl, Constance could not inherit the duchy at her father's death if she had a brother. A charter by
Margaret, Constance's mother, seems to show that she and Conan had more than one child. However, two charters made by Constance and her son Arthur towards 1200 mention a brother of Constance,
1067:
In the Middle Ages, leprosy was considered a divine punishment for sins of a sexual nature. According to Eric
Borgnis Desbordes, the monks of Tours may have considered Constance's third marriage invalid, or they did not forgive the duchess for not having recognized the supremacy of the
956:, and then vanished mysteriously in April 1203 after a period of imprisonment under John I. He was succeeded by his infant half-sister, Alix of Thouars. Guy served as regent of Brittany for Alix from 1203 to 1206. During the conflicts with John I, Constance's eldest daughter
396:
ascended the
English throne, he strengthened his intervention in Brittany. Maintaining custody of Geoffrey's and Constance's daughter, Eleanor, might have been a condition for him to allow Constance to continue ruling. In 1190, Constance appeared at Richard's court at Tours.
1085:
That
Constance was having twins, at the age of forty, in the unsanitary conditions of the age, should be taken greatly into account in this debate. As the exact date of the twins' birth is not currently known, and may never be known, there may never be a resolution to this
460:
Between 1198 and the time of her death due to complications from delivering twin daughters, Constance ruled with her son Arthur as co-ruler. Throughout these years, Constance advised her son towards a French alliance, pursuing the policy of her late husband
Geoffrey II.
356:
In 1166, Henry invaded
Brittany in order to punish the local barons' revolt. In order to gain complete control over the duchy, he forced Conan IV into abdicating in Constance's favor and betrothing her to his fourth legitimate son
485:
at the time. According to
Everard, Henry II's forcing Constance's father into abdicating in 1166 was meant to prevent any son of the Duke from inheriting the duchy. Henry also probably used the precedent created by
1111:
1031:
Andrew III and his children
Philippa and Andrew IV were the last members of their family to be Baron(ess)of Vitré, which came into the hands of the Counts of Laval through Philippa's marriage to Guy VII of
1125:
411:
To promote her son Arthur's position and inheritance, Constance included him in the government of the duchy in 1196. In response to this act that thwarted his projects, Richard summoned her to
944:, in exchange for Arthur swearing fealty to Phillip II, becoming a direct vassal of France. However after Constance's death, 13-year-old Arthur was captured while besieging
423:. He spread the rumour that Constance had been imprisoned for matrimonial reasons. As a result, rebellions were sparked across Brittany on her behalf and Arthur was sent to
1002:
According to
Everard, the fact that Constance’s brother was called William seems to indicate that he was not an illegitimate son of Conan IV, as William was the name of
900:
Although she inherited the
Earldom of Richmond from her father in 1171, Constance did not enter her inheritance until 1183/1184 (see Judith Everard and Michael Jones,
989:). This would seem to be a reference to at least one son of the marriage who did not survive infancy, leaving Constance as heiress in 1166." (Everard and Jones,
353:. After the wars with Henry II, Conan IV faced rebellions from some Breton nobles. He appealed to Henry II for assistance in putting down those rebellions.
654:
318:
286:
175:
2464:
2444:
386:
1155:
799:(2009) by Brigitte Coppin and, along with her daughters Matilda, Alix and Catherine and her third husband Guy of Thouars in the novel
1657:
919:"The first occasion on which the names of Constance and Guy are linked is at Angiers in October 1199. (...) cf. also the date of Gu2
2404:
2399:
850:
1395:
1055:
2414:
2409:
2374:
2369:
2330:
2324:
2429:
2419:
953:
2434:
2424:
2389:
2379:
2394:
2384:
1841:
703:
482:
446:. The archbishopric then became a bishopric again. Constance disagreed with this decision, which gave an advantage to
680:
1974:
1456:
1156:"Ranulf (III) [Ranulf de Blundeville], sixth earl of Chester and first earl of Lincoln (1170–1232), magnate"
977:
Margaret of Huntingdon made a donation for the souls of "herself, Duke Conan IV, and 'our boys', or 'our children' (
662:
266:
2449:
813:
2439:
1334:
1042:
957:
658:
505:
233:
1959:
616:
2454:
2288:
2004:
1650:
1598:
1553:
1498:
881:
358:
150:
77:
543:
2246:
2240:
2145:
2058:
1877:
1666:
821:, in which she has several very eloquent speeches on grief and death. On screen, she has been portrayed by
1910:
551:
374:
In 1181, twenty-year-old Constance was forced into marriage with Geoffrey. On 19 August 1186 Geoffrey was
2228:
2124:
1950:
1944:
1901:
772:
495:
487:
1889:
1829:
2459:
2234:
2130:
2043:
1989:
1895:
1883:
1744:
1627:
1607:
1582:
1562:
1527:
1507:
1478:
937:
514:
401:
314:
276:
241:
83:
64:
54:
547:
2216:
2186:
2169:
2160:
2118:
2082:
2073:
1938:
1835:
1817:
1729:
1428:, Rennes Quimper, Presses universitaires de Rennes, Société archéologique du Finistère, 2002, p. 367.
529:
525:
491:
246:
1058:
and François Manet state that Constance and Guy had three daughters, but do not specify their names.
2222:
2112:
1749:
1643:
643:
1823:
647:
464:
At her request Eleanor was released from royal custody and united with her and Arthur in France.
375:
1041:
According to historians Dom Morice, Dom Charles Taillandiers, Prudence-Guillaume de Roujoux and
1069:
322:
1439:
Constance de Bretagne (1161–1201), une duchesse face à Richard Cœur de Lion et Jean sans Terre
1230:
Constance de Bretagne (1161–1201), une duchesse face à Richard Cœur de Lion et Jean sans Terre
1142:
Constance de Bretagne (1161–1201), une duchesse face à Richard Cœur de Lion et Jean sans Terre
725:
2359:
1003:
555:
454:
439:
326:
20:
2364:
2201:
2028:
868:
539:
393:
251:
1413:
Histoire de la Petite-Bretagne, ou Bretagne Armorique, depuis ses premiers habitans connus
8:
1537:
1485:
818:
716:
447:
405:
368:
350:
306:
36:
604:
but this statement is doubtful. It is also believed that she died from complications of
367:
In February 1171, Conan IV died. Although his daughter Constance was the heiress of the
2294:
1573:
1544:
1489:
337:
922:, which records that on 27 August 1201, Guy was still only in his second regnal year."
1871:
1670:
761:
566:
478:
431:
346:
225:
2282:
2252:
2179:
1802:
1589:
1163:
1073:
859:
711:
586:
477:". As a boy, William should logically have inherited the duchy after Conan, as the
435:
310:
128:
1279:
Michael Jones, « Eleanor, suo jure duchess of Brittany (1182x4–1241) »,
2267:
2097:
1856:
1212:
1187:
845:
780:
565:
Margaret of Thouars (1201 – 1216/1220); she was the first wife of
385:
However, on 3 February 1188, Henry II of England arranged for Constance to marry
298:
19:
For the 11th-century Duchess of Brittany, daughter of William the Conqueror, see
561:
Several sources indicate that Constance might have had a third daughter by Guy:
2309:
2013:
1699:
1616:
1516:
933:
863:
855:
570:
533:
204:
89:
1167:
2353:
830:
822:
734:
424:
1754:
1426:
La Cornouaille du IXème au XIIème siècles : mémoire, pouvoirs, noblesse
788:
1704:
1305:
Malcolm A. Craig, « A Second Daughter of Geoffrey of Brittany »,
961:
841:
1112:
The Charters of Duchess Constance of Brittany and her Family (1171–1221).
420:
1255:
The Charters of Duchess Constance of Brittany and Her Family (1171–1221)
915:
The Charters of Duchess Constance of Brittany and her Family (1171–1221)
1635:
1242:
Ladies of Magna Carta: Women of Influence in Thirteenth Century England
605:
382:
in Paris. Constance thereafter became the effective ruler of Brittany.
379:
932:
When Richard I died in 1199, Phillip II agreed to recognize Arthur as
866:(as a girl) and Nina Francis (as an adult) in the BBC TV drama series
1734:
1694:
795:(1867–1868) by Gabrielle d’Étampes, the second volume of the trilogy
416:
1283:, Oxford University Press, 2004 ; online edition, January 2008.
698:
Constance of Brittany appears in several literary works, including:
632:
554:
and Eustacie of Rays; her husband was noteworthy for rebuilding the
400:
In 1191, Richard officially proclaimed his nephew, Constance's son,
1714:
945:
829:(1899), which recreates John's death scene at the end of the play,
1739:
1724:
1719:
1349:
1347:
601:
443:
261:
361:. Five-year-old Constance succeeded him as Duchess of Brittany.
1709:
965:
941:
590:
582:
412:
132:
117:
1344:
949:
991:
The Charters of Duchess Constance and Her Family (1171–1221)
902:
The Charters of Duchess Constance and Her Family (1171–1221)
542:(1201 – c. 1240), Dame of Vitre; she married
1105:
1103:
1045:, Constance and Guy had a third daughter, called Margaret.
1268:
Brittany and the Angevins: Province and Empire, 1158-1203
1127:
Brittany and the Angevins: Province and Empire, 1158-1203
1008:
Brittany and the Angevins: Province and Empire, 1158-1203
835:
1100:
1131:
Cambridge University Press. p 42. ISBN 9781139426558.
371:, she did not enter her inheritance until 1183/1184.
1322:, (Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1875), table XXVI.
854:, she appeared in five episodes variously played by
450:
over Brittany, and was consequently excommunicated.
305:; c. 1161 – c. 5 September 1201) was
1378:
1376:
1330:
1328:
1320:Genealogical tables illustrative of Modern History
457:as her next husband in September or October 1199.
313:from 1171 to 1201. Constance was the daughter of
2351:
1373:
1325:
948:, and the following year he was transferred to
581:Constance died, age 40, on 5 September 1201 at
769:Le petit Arthur de Bretagne Ă la tour de Rouen
1651:
1368:Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne
1355:Histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne
1115:The Boydell Press. p. 38. ISBN 9780851157511.
858:(series 1 and 2), Pamela Alan (series 3) and
442:and deprived the archbishop of his title and
345:Constance's father Conan IV had reunited the
806:
608:, shortly after delivering twin daughters.
1019:Dom Lobineau mentions her existence in his
661:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
596:Constance's cause of death is debated. The
593:, which she had founded earlier that year.
501:Constance and Geoffrey had three children:
176:Ranulph de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester
1658:
1644:
1010:. Cambridge University Press, 2000, p 43).
793:Le Poids d’une couronne (légende bretonne)
528:(1200 – 1221); she married
387:Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester
364:She spent her youth at the English court.
1684:
1384:Histoire des rois et des ducs de Bretagne
1309:, vol. 50, n° 121 (May 1977), p. 112-115.
681:Learn how and when to remove this message
1665:
1441:, Yoran embanner, 2018, p. 437, note 200
1270:. Cambridge University Press, 2000, p 43
1004:one of Margaret of Huntingdon’s brothers
767:Constance is also mentioned in the poem
615:
336:
1281:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1244:, Sharon Bennett Connolly, 2020, p. 164
1160:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
517:(1187–1203) - Geoffrey's posthumous son
165: 1181; died 1186)
2352:
1109:Judith Everard, Michael Jones. (1999)
521:Constance and Guy had two daughters:
404:, as his heir in a treaty signed with
1639:
1396:Pierre Antoine Noël Bruno, comte Daru
1296:, Palais Royal, 1973, I, p. 171, CLIX
811:Constance is a character in the play
490:himself when he disinherited his son
16:Duchess of Brittany from 1166 to 1201
1217:La Bretagne sous l'orage Plantagenet
1192:La Bretagne sous l'orage Plantagenet
968:and later elsewhere until her death.
659:adding citations to reliable sources
626:
1257:, The Boydell Press, 1999, pp 93-94
862:(series 4). She was also played by
722:Jean sans Terre ou la mort d’Arthur
576:
309:from 1166 to her death in 1201 and
13:
1253:Judith Everard and Michael Jones,
1232:, Yoran embanner, 2018, p. 408-409
917:, The Boydell Press, 1999, p 135:
848:version (1984). In the ITC series
704:The Troublesome Reign of King John
498:to impose Constance's succession.
415:and had her abducted by Ranulf in
14:
2476:
2465:French people of Scottish descent
2445:Earls of Richmond (1136 creation)
1153:
993:, The Boydell Press, 1999, p 94).
341:Banner of Constance of Penthièvre
332:
321:, a sister of the Scottish kings
904:, The Boydell Press, 1999, p 38)
693:
631:
532:, the first Breton ruler of the
191:
2405:13th-century countesses regnant
2400:12th-century countesses regnant
2336:François de Bourbon (1973–1984)
1452:Constance, Duchess of Brittany
1431:
1418:
1405:
1389:
1382:Prudence Guillaume de Roujoux,
1360:
1312:
1299:
1286:
1273:
1260:
1247:
1235:
1079:
1061:
1048:
1035:
1025:
1013:
996:
971:
960:was captured and imprisoned at
926:
913:Judith Everard, Michael Jones,
907:
213:
187:
162:
2415:13th-century duchesses regnant
2410:12th-century duchesses regnant
2375:13th-century dukes of Brittany
2370:12th-century dukes of Brittany
1357:, Tome premier, p. 129 and 150
1335:Arthur Le Moyne de La Borderie
1222:
1206:
1197:
1181:
1147:
1134:
1118:
1043:Arthur Le Moyne de La Borderie
894:
506:Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany
438:should be subordinated to the
378:in a riding accident during a
234:Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany
1:
2430:13th-century English nobility
2420:12th-century English nobility
1775:
1685:
1144:, Yoran embanner, 2018, p. 91
1093:
882:Dukes of Brittany family tree
611:
483:male-preference primogeniture
151:Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany
2146:War of the Breton Succession
851:The Adventures of Robin Hood
740:La Mort d’Arthur de Bretagne
620:Mrs Siddons as Constance in
434:eventually decided that the
7:
1006:. (Everard, Judith (2000).
875:
773:Marceline Desbordes-Valmore
742:(1826) poem by Alexis Fossé
600:indicated that she died of
10:
2481:
2435:13th-century English women
2425:12th-century English women
2390:13th-century Breton people
2380:12th-century Breton people
707:(c.1589) anonymous tragedy
515:Arthur I, Duke of Brittany
511:Matilda (c. 1185-bef 1189)
494:in favour of his daughter
277:Conan IV, Duke of Brittany
242:Arthur I, Duke of Brittany
18:
2395:13th-century Breton women
2385:12th-century Breton women
2317:
2308:
2275:
2266:
2209:
2200:
2153:
2144:
2105:
2096:
2066:
2057:
2036:
2027:
1982:
1973:
1931:
1924:
1864:
1855:
1810:
1801:
1774:
1767:
1677:
1624:
1587:
1579:
1572:
1542:
1534:
1524:
1483:
1475:
1470:
1450:
1437:Borgnis Desbordes, Eric,
1353:Pierre-Hyacinthe Morice,
1228:Borgnis Desbordes, Eric,
1140:Borgnis Desbordes, Eric,
807:In theatre and television
552:Andrew II, Baron of Vitré
467:
282:
272:
260:
247:Alix, Duchess of Brittany
224:
139:
123:
111:
103:
99:
70:
60:
50:
42:
35:
30:
1341:, Tome troisième, p. 288
1266:Everard, Judith (2000).
1124:Everard, Judith (2000).
887:
803:(2020) by LĂ©a Chaillou.
797:Le Château des Poulfenc
715:(1593–1596) tragedy by
2450:Hereditary women peers
1402:, Tome premier, p. 407
1194:, 1990, pp 140 and 165
1070:Archbishopric of Tours
952:, under the charge of
624:
421:Saint-James de Beuvron
342:
319:Margaret of Huntingdon
287:Margaret of Huntingdon
115:circa 5 September 1201
2440:Duchesses of Brittany
1415:, Tome second, p. 308
1386:, Tome second, p. 231
1366:Charles Taillandier,
1292:Guy-Alexis Lobineau,
1168:10.1093/ref:odnb/2716
801:Dans l’Ombre du Passé
619:
440:Metropolitan of Tours
340:
21:Constance of Normandy
2455:Deaths in childbirth
2202:Montfort of Brittany
2029:House of Plantagenet
1925:House of Cornouaille
1590:Countess of Richmond
1424:Quaghebeur, Joëlle.
1400:Histoire de Bretagne
1370:, Tome second, p. IX
1339:Histoire de Bretagne
1318:Hereford B. George,
1294:Histoire de Bretagne
1203:Charters, no. C. 23.
1021:Histoire de Bretagne
840:version (1952), and
838:Sunday Night Theatre
825:in the silent short
655:improve this section
585:. She was buried at
540:Catherine of Thouars
436:Archbishopric of Dol
311:Countess of Richmond
252:Catherine of Thouars
190: 1188;
1975:House of Penthièvre
1486:Duchess of Brittany
1457:House of Penthièvre
1307:Historical Research
1219:, 1990, pp 203-204.
819:William Shakespeare
726:Jean-François Ducis
717:William Shakespeare
406:Philip II of France
369:Earldom of Richmond
351:Henry II of England
307:Duchess of Brittany
238:Matilda of Brittany
37:Duchess of Brittany
1574:Peerage of England
1545:Countess of Nantes
1490:Countess of Rennes
777:Arthur de Bretagne
746:Prince of Darkness
625:
598:Chronique de Tours
419:and imprisoned in
343:
2460:Dukes of Brittany
2347:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2304:
2303:
2262:
2261:
2196:
2195:
2185:
2176:
2168:
2140:
2139:
2092:
2091:
2081:
2053:
2052:
2023:
2022:
2012:
2003:
1969:
1968:
1958:
1920:
1919:
1909:
1851:
1850:
1797:
1796:
1768:Viking occupation
1763:
1762:
1634:
1633:
1625:Succeeded by
1525:Succeeded by
954:William de Braose
869:The Devil's Crown
762:Sharon Kay Penman
760:(2014) novels by
691:
690:
683:
571:Viscount of Rohan
479:Duchy of Brittany
432:Pope Innocent III
376:trampled to death
347:Duchy of Brittany
292:
291:
2472:
2315:
2314:
2273:
2272:
2207:
2206:
2183:
2180:John of Montfort
2174:
2166:
2151:
2150:
2103:
2102:
2079:
2064:
2063:
2059:House of Thouars
2034:
2033:
2010:
2001:
1980:
1979:
1956:
1929:
1928:
1907:
1862:
1861:
1808:
1807:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1687:
1682:
1681:
1660:
1653:
1646:
1637:
1636:
1580:Preceded by
1535:Preceded by
1476:Preceded by
1466:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1435:
1429:
1422:
1416:
1411:François Manet,
1409:
1403:
1393:
1387:
1380:
1371:
1364:
1358:
1351:
1342:
1332:
1323:
1316:
1310:
1303:
1297:
1290:
1284:
1277:
1271:
1264:
1258:
1251:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1226:
1220:
1210:
1204:
1201:
1195:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1154:Eales, Richard.
1151:
1145:
1138:
1132:
1122:
1116:
1107:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1074:Bishopric of Dol
1065:
1059:
1052:
1046:
1039:
1033:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1000:
994:
979:pro salute anime
975:
969:
930:
924:
911:
905:
898:
860:Patricia Marmont
686:
679:
675:
672:
666:
635:
627:
587:Villeneuve Abbey
577:Death and Burial
556:Château de Vitré
508:(1182/1184-1241)
430:On 1 June 1199,
217:
215:
195:
193:
189:
166:
164:
129:Villeneuve Abbey
28:
27:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2339:
2331:Louis de France
2325:Louis de France
2300:
2268:House of Valois
2258:
2192:
2173:
2136:
2088:
2049:
2019:
1965:
1916:
1857:House of Rennes
1847:
1803:House of Nantes
1793:
1759:
1673:
1664:
1630:
1614:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1585:
1560:
1550:
1548:
1540:
1530:
1514:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1488:
1481:
1461:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1445:
1436:
1432:
1423:
1419:
1410:
1406:
1394:
1390:
1381:
1374:
1365:
1361:
1352:
1345:
1333:
1326:
1317:
1313:
1304:
1300:
1291:
1287:
1278:
1274:
1265:
1261:
1252:
1248:
1240:
1236:
1227:
1223:
1213:Jacques Choffel
1211:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1188:Jacques Choffel
1186:
1182:
1172:
1170:
1152:
1148:
1139:
1135:
1123:
1119:
1108:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1090:
1084:
1080:
1066:
1062:
1053:
1049:
1040:
1036:
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976:
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899:
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878:
846:BBC Shakespeare
809:
783:and the novels
781:Louis Tiercelin
758:A King's Ransom
696:
687:
676:
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667:
652:
636:
614:
579:
526:Alix of Thouars
470:
453:Constance took
448:Philip Augustus
335:
256:
220:
219:
216: 1199)
211:
207:
197:
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185:
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168:
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2142:
2141:
2138:
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2135:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2109:
2107:
2100:
2098:House of Dreux
2094:
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2089:
2087:
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2077:
2070:
2068:
2061:
2055:
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2048:
2047:
2040:
2038:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2014:Guy of Thouars
2008:
1999:
1993:
1986:
1984:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1954:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1933:
1926:
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1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1700:Saint Judicael
1697:
1691:
1689:
1679:
1678:Early monarchs
1675:
1674:
1663:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1640:
1632:
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1623:
1586:
1581:
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1541:
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1526:
1523:
1482:
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1471:Regnal titles
1468:
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1417:
1404:
1388:
1372:
1359:
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1234:
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1117:
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1092:
1089:
1088:
1078:
1060:
1047:
1034:
1024:
1012:
995:
970:
934:count of Anjou
925:
906:
892:
891:
889:
886:
885:
884:
877:
874:
864:Paula Williams
856:Dorothy Alison
808:
805:
765:
764:
743:
737:
728:
719:
708:
695:
692:
689:
688:
671:September 2024
639:
637:
630:
613:
610:
578:
575:
574:
573:
559:
558:
548:Baron of Vitré
537:
534:House of Dreux
530:Peter Mauclerc
519:
518:
512:
509:
469:
466:
455:Guy of Thouars
394:King Richard I
334:
333:Life and reign
331:
290:
289:
284:
280:
279:
274:
270:
269:
264:
258:
257:
255:
254:
249:
244:
239:
236:
230:
228:
222:
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209:
205:Guy of Thouars
203:
202:
201:
200:
183:
179:
174:
173:
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158:
154:
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68:
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62:
58:
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52:
48:
47:
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33:
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15:
9:
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4:
3:
2:
2477:
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2224:
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2218:
2215:
2214:
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2208:
2205:
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2199:
2188:
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2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
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2149:
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2143:
2132:
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2123:
2120:
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2110:
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2042:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1961:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
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1937:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1912:
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1315:
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1200:
1193:
1189:
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1143:
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1128:
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1114:
1113:
1106:
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1038:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1009:
1005:
999:
992:
988:
984:
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951:
947:
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929:
923:
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903:
897:
893:
883:
880:
879:
873:
871:
870:
865:
861:
857:
853:
852:
847:
843:
839:
837:
832:
831:Sonia Dresdel
828:
824:
823:Julia Neilson
820:
816:
815:
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
785:Le Loup blanc
782:
778:
774:
770:
763:
759:
755:
751:
750:Devil's Brood
747:
744:
741:
738:
736:
735:Richard Valpy
732:
729:
727:
723:
720:
718:
714:
713:
709:
706:
705:
701:
700:
699:
694:In literature
685:
682:
674:
664:
660:
656:
650:
649:
645:
640:This section
638:
634:
629:
628:
623:
618:
609:
607:
603:
599:
594:
592:
588:
584:
572:
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541:
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531:
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489:
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458:
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451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
398:
395:
390:
388:
383:
381:
377:
372:
370:
365:
362:
360:
354:
352:
349:in wars with
348:
339:
330:
328:
324:
320:
317:by his wife,
316:
315:Duke Conan IV
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
288:
285:
281:
278:
275:
271:
268:
265:
263:
259:
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243:
240:
237:
235:
232:
231:
229:
227:
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206:
199:
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177:
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142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
119:
114:
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106:
102:
98:
91:
88:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
73:
69:
66:
63:
59:
56:
53:
49:
45:
41:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
2360:1160s births
2318:1547–present
2182:(1341–1345)
2175:disputed by
1995:
1705:Alain II Hir
1620:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1588:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1543:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1502:
1496:
1484:
1462:
1455:
1438:
1433:
1425:
1420:
1412:
1407:
1399:
1391:
1383:
1367:
1362:
1354:
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1249:
1241:
1237:
1229:
1224:
1216:
1208:
1199:
1191:
1183:
1173:29 September
1171:. Retrieved
1159:
1149:
1141:
1136:
1126:
1120:
1110:
1081:
1063:
1050:
1037:
1027:
1020:
1015:
1007:
998:
990:
986:
982:
978:
973:
962:Corfe Castle
928:
921:
918:
914:
909:
901:
896:
867:
849:
842:Claire Bloom
834:
826:
812:
810:
800:
796:
792:
784:
776:
775:, the drama
768:
766:
757:
753:
749:
745:
739:
730:
721:
710:
702:
697:
677:
668:
653:Please help
641:
621:
597:
595:
580:
560:
520:
500:
474:
471:
463:
459:
452:
429:
410:
399:
391:
384:
373:
366:
363:
355:
344:
302:
294:
293:
25:
2365:1201 deaths
2333:(1707–1712)
2327:(1704–1705)
2297:(1536–1547)
2291:(1524–1536)
2289:Francis III
2285:(1514–1524)
2255:(1488–1514)
2249:(1458–1488)
2243:(1457–1458)
2237:(1450–1457)
2231:(1442–1450)
2225:(1399–1442)
2219:(1365–1399)
2189:(1345–1365)
2172:(1341–1364)
2163:(1341–1364)
2133:(1312–1341)
2127:(1305–1312)
2121:(1286–1305)
2115:(1221–1286)
2085:(1213–1221)
2076:(1203–1221)
2046:(1196–1203)
2016:(1199–1201)
2007:(1181–1186)
2005:Geoffrey II
1998:(1166–1201)
1992:(1156–1166)
1962:(1148–1156)
1953:(1148–1156)
1947:(1112–1148)
1941:(1072–1112)
1913:(1066–1072)
1904:(1066–1072)
1898:(1040–1066)
1892:(1008–1034)
1886:(1008–1040)
1621:(1199–1201)
1612:(1196–1201)
1603:(1181–1186)
1599:Geoffrey II
1567:(1196–1201)
1558:(1185–1186)
1554:Geoffrey II
1521:(1199–1201)
1512:(1196–1201)
1503:(1181–1186)
1499:Geoffrey II
1056:Pierre Daru
1054:Historians
756:(2011) and
92:(1199–1201)
86:(1196–1201)
80:(1181–1186)
78:Geoffrey II
51:Predecessor
2354:Categories
2247:Francis II
2241:Arthur III
1880:(992–1008)
1878:Geoffrey I
1842:Alan (III)
1755:Gourmaëlon
1094:References
789:Paul FĂ©val
787:(1843) by
779:(1885) by
771:(1822) by
733:(1800) by
724:(1791) by
612:Portrayals
606:childbirth
544:Andrew III
380:tournament
323:Malcolm IV
267:Penthièvre
107:circa 1161
2276:1514–1547
2229:Francis I
2210:1365–1514
2154:1341–1365
2125:Arthur II
2106:1221–1341
2067:1203–1221
2037:1196–1203
1996:Constance
1983:1156–1196
1945:Conan III
1932:1072–1156
1874:(990–992)
1844:(988–990)
1838:(981–988)
1832:(960–981)
1826:(952–958)
1820:(938–952)
1787:Rognvaldr
1735:Pascweten
1594:1171–1201
1549:1185–1201
1494:1166–1201
1465:1161 1201
1086:question.
1072:over the
987:nostrorum
827:King John
814:King John
754:Lionheart
731:King John
712:King John
642:does not
622:King John
550:, son of
488:Conan III
481:followed
473:William "
417:Pontorson
327:William I
303:Konstanza
295:Constance
71:Co-rulers
61:Successor
46:1166–1201
31:Constance
2235:Peter II
2131:John III
2044:Arthur I
1990:Conan IV
1896:Conan II
1884:Alan III
1865:958–1072
1745:Judicael
1715:Wihomarc
1671:Brittany
1667:Monarchs
1628:Arthur I
1608:Arthur I
1583:Conan IV
1563:Arthur I
1528:Arthur I
1508:Arthur I
1479:Conan IV
983:puerorum
946:Mirebeau
876:See also
872:(1978).
752:(2008),
748:(2005),
567:Geoffrey
475:clericus
359:Geoffrey
84:Arthur I
65:Arthur I
55:Conan IV
2217:John IV
2187:John IV
2170:Charles
2119:John II
2083:Peter I
1939:Alan IV
1911:Hoël II
1872:Conan I
1836:Guerech
1818:Alan II
1811:938–958
1778:907–938
1740:Gurvand
1730:Salomon
1725:Erispoe
1720:Nominoe
1688:578–907
958:Eleanor
844:in the
833:in the
663:removed
648:sources
602:leprosy
444:pallium
218:
210:
196:
184:
180:
167:
159:
155:
140:Spouses
2283:Claude
2223:John V
2113:John I
1960:Odo II
1951:Bertha
1902:Hawise
1830:Hoël I
1784:Hroflr
1750:Alan I
1710:Morman
1695:Waroch
1032:Laval.
966:Dorset
942:Poitou
940:, and
591:Nantes
583:Nantes
496:Bertha
468:Family
413:Bayeux
402:Arthur
392:After
299:Breton
283:Mother
273:Father
133:Nantes
124:Burial
118:Nantes
2295:Henry
2011:later
1890:Odo I
1824:Drogo
1790:Incon
1597:with
1552:with
1538:Henry
1497:with
1463:Born:
950:Rouen
938:Maine
888:Notes
589:near
536:; and
425:Brest
262:House
226:Issue
212:(
208:
186:(
182:
161:(
157:
43:Reign
2253:Anne
2167:with
2161:Joan
2080:with
2074:Alix
2002:with
1957:with
1908:with
1175:2024
985:...
981:...
646:any
644:cite
492:Hoël
325:and
192:ann.
112:Died
104:Born
2184:and
1669:of
1617:Guy
1517:Guy
1164:doi
964:in
836:BBC
817:by
657:by
90:Guy
2356::
1776:c.
1686:c.
1398:,
1375:^
1346:^
1337:,
1327:^
1215:,
1190:,
1162:.
1158:.
1102:^
936:,
791:,
569:,
546:,
408:.
329:.
301::
214:m.
188:m.
163:m.
131:,
1659:e
1652:t
1645:v
1177:.
1166::
1129:.
1076:.
684:)
678:(
673:)
669:(
665:.
651:.
297:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
