63:
2423:
1576:
laws were not as stringent as they are now. To support study of 17th to 19th century controversies, a
British research project has placed online thousands of polemical pamphlets from that period. Discussions of
2202:"Littérature de controverse entre judaïsme et christianisme: Description du corpus et réflexions méthodologiques (IIe-XVIe siècle ») (textes grecs, latins et hébreux)]"
1621:
2266:
1734:
1617:
1451:
intended to support a specific position by forthright claims and to undermine the opposing position. The practice of such argumentation is called
1671:
1160:
1601:
called "strident adversariality" and "rationalistic aggressiveness", summed up by McClinton as polemic. For example, the ancient historian
981:
901:
1967:
1071:
2305:
2047:
1987:
2339:
2154:
2084:
1649:
Britaine's glorie, or An allegoricall dreame with the exposition thereof: containing The
Heathens infidelitie in religion ...
1274:
1624:
were also often polemical; for example in their disagreements on Islam or in the vast corpus aimed at converting the Jews.
2233:"Is Violence intrinsic to religious confrontation? The case of Judeo-Christian controversy, second to seventeenth century"
1455:, which are seen in arguments on controversial topics. A person who writes polemics, or speaks polemically, is called a
1347:
62:
2405:
2386:
2367:
1686:
1442:
1398:
700:
526:
17:
1718:
1190:
1155:
2015:
1244:
2427:
1777:. According to McClinton, other prominent polemicists of the same century include such diverse figures as
1605:
practiced "quite bitter self-righteous polemic" against some twenty philosophers, orators, and historians.
1234:
1081:
1706:
was extremely polemical. Both Marx and Engels would publish further polemical works, with Engels's work
1963:
1894:
1486:
Polemics often concern questions in religion or politics. A polemical style of writing was common in
991:
123:
1744:
1145:
393:
1618:
Jewish texts written to protect and dissuade Jewish communities from converting to other religions
1972:
931:
284:
113:
1460:
1340:
1175:
1051:
1041:
961:
398:
187:
1893:
The story of Luther nailing his Theses to the church door has been doubted. See references in
2144:
1798:
1643:
1219:
1130:
1061:
921:
680:
543:
458:
355:
135:
1959:
1550:
1125:
1115:
911:
685:
645:
388:
73:
1558:
8:
1833:
1702:
1562:
1535:
1224:
1180:
1170:
1165:
1021:
695:
360:
228:
2125:
2117:
1723:
1677:
1666:
1630:
1569:
1309:
1120:
1091:
941:
891:
820:
745:
730:
663:
621:
332:
277:
158:
140:
31:
2401:
2382:
2363:
2335:
2150:
2129:
2080:
2058:
1661:
1639:
1333:
1284:
1140:
1031:
870:
865:
690:
653:
614:
521:
272:
217:
152:
46:
1993:
815:
2443:
2271:
2240:
2213:
2109:
1808:
1749:
1697:
1527:
1416:
1410:
1366:
1304:
1249:
1135:
805:
631:
350:
267:
260:
128:
2290:
1713:
81:
1931:
1803:
1778:
1766:
1635:
1507:
1269:
1185:
1001:
860:
770:
735:
675:
570:
516:
473:
166:
2398:
Inventing
Polemic: Religion, Print, and Literary Culture in Early Modern England
1708:
1848:
1813:
1729:
1656:
1594:
1554:
1539:
1503:
1487:
1213:
1011:
845:
740:
670:
560:
553:
413:
345:
2275:
2437:
2260:
1868:
1790:
1756:
1625:
1531:
1314:
1299:
1150:
951:
810:
785:
750:
597:
565:
96:
86:
2244:
1897:– "the story of the posting on the door ... has little foundation in truth."
2217:
1782:
1774:
1739:
1682:
1613:
1598:
1546:
1499:
1294:
1239:
840:
626:
481:
450:
318:
1843:
1786:
1761:
1519:
1511:
1319:
1279:
1254:
765:
760:
444:
434:
1920:
1616:
times. During the Middle Ages, polemic had a religious dimension, as in
1585:, and Christianity have remained open to polemic into the 21st century.
118:
1873:
971:
850:
835:
830:
609:
531:
492:
406:
297:
193:
2121:
2237:
Violence and Non-violence Across Times. History, Religion and
Culture
1858:
1853:
1838:
1770:
1693:
1523:
1476:
1466:
1289:
790:
720:
658:
590:
504:
487:
468:
463:
249:
243:
222:
204:
2232:
2201:
2146:
Polemic: Language as
Violence in Medieval and Early Modern Discourse
2077:
The Way and the Word: Science and
Medicine in Early China and Greece
1812:
are part of the polemic tradition. In 2008 the humanist philosopher
2332:
Against All Gods: Six
Polemics on Religion and an Essay on Kindness
2113:
1863:
1818:
Against All Gods: Six
Polemics on Religion and an Essay on Kindness
1609:
1602:
1582:
1543:
1515:
1495:
1491:
1448:
602:
580:
498:
304:
290:
101:
91:
54:
2422:
1578:
855:
780:
775:
725:
585:
548:
311:
255:
198:
145:
106:
1647:
1264:
1259:
800:
795:
755:
536:
511:
439:
373:
339:
326:
237:
211:
1573:
1502:
times. Since then, famous polemicists have included satirist
825:
380:
366:
1958:
1425:
1381:
1372:
1229:
2172:
Fashioning Jewish identity in medieval western
Christendom
1514:, French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher
1431:
1387:
1989:
polemic, or polemical literature, or polemics (rhetoric)
1655:
Major political polemicists of the 18th century include
1597:, writing was characterised by what Geoffrey Lloyd and
30:
This article is about the word. For the magazine, see
1443:
1434:
1399:
1390:
2270:(online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1634:
was a polemic launched against the
Catholic Church.
1422:
1378:
1369:
1735:
The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky
1428:
1419:
1384:
1375:
2259:
2184:
2142:
2435:
2016:"Rare books collections: Hay Fleming Collection"
1732:published polemics against political opponents.
2169:
2100:Walbank, F. W. (1962). "Polemic in Polybius".
1672:A Full Vindication of the Measures of Congress
2231:Bobichon, Philippe (2018). S. Chandra (ed.).
1341:
2143:Suerbaum, Almut; Southcombe, George (2016).
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
982:A Dialogue Concerning Oratorical Partitions
2074:
1348:
1334:
2045:
2376:
2329:
2230:
2199:
2174:. Cambridge University Press. p. 7.
2030:
1072:Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style
2267:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2187:Medieval Christian perceptions of Islam
2136:
2099:
2075:Lloyd, Geoffrey; Sivin, Nathan (2002).
14:
2436:
2395:
2357:
2303:
2093:
1915:
1913:
1895:Martin Luther#Start of the Reformation
1506:, Italian physicist and mathematician
1490:, as in the writings of the historian
2297:
1275:Rhetoric of social intervention model
1652:– took the form of a 250-line poem.
2362:(1 ed.). New York: Routledge.
2257:
1910:
1568:Polemical journalism was common in
1473: 'warlike, hostile', from
24:
2379:Propaganda, Persuasion and Polemic
2306:"The Art of Criticism: 12 Polemic"
1802:that anti-religious books such as
1796:In 2007 Brian McClinton argued in
1608:Polemical writings were common in
25:
2455:
2415:
1928:Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
1494:. Polemic again became common in
2421:
1992:. britannica.com. Archived from
1415:
1365:
61:
2360:Polemic: Critical or Uncritical
2351:
2323:
2251:
2224:
2206:Revue d'Histoire ecclésiastique
2193:
2178:
2163:
2018:. St Andrews University Library
1887:
1719:Critique of the Gotha Programme
1557:, and existential philosophers
2400:. Cambridge University Press.
2068:
2046:McClinton, Brian (July 2007).
2008:
1980:
1952:
1938:
13:
1:
2304:Paulin, Tom (26 March 1995).
2261:"Carleill, Robert (fl. 1619)"
1904:
1738:was notably directed against
1712:serving as a polemic against
1659:, with pamphlets such as his
1459:. The word derives from
1245:List of feminist rhetoricians
2291:UK public library membership
2102:The Journal of Roman Studies
2057:(105): 12–13. Archived from
1477:
1467:
1235:Glossary of rhetorical terms
7:
2200:Bobichon, Philippe (2012).
2185:Tolan, John Victor (2000).
1946:American College Dictionary
1823:
1748:attacked figures including
1638:'s 1619 defence of the new
1622:Medieval Christian writings
1082:Language as Symbolic Action
10:
2460:
1742:, and other works such as
1588:
1538:, communist revolutionary
29:
2396:Lander, Jesse M. (2006).
2377:Hawthorn, Jeremy (1987).
2264:. In Reavley Gair (ed.).
2189:. Routledge. p. 420.
2079:. Yale University Press.
1948:. New York: Random House.
1685:, with his attack on the
1642:and diatribe against the
1522:, socialist philosophers
992:De Optimo Genere Oratorum
2330:Grayling, A. C. (2008).
2149:. Taylor & Francis.
1934:: Merriam-Webster. 2005.
1880:
1745:The State and Revolution
2245:10.4324/9780429466205-3
2170:Chazan, Robert (2004).
2108:(Parts 1 and 2): 1–12.
2048:"A Defence of Polemics"
1973:A Greek-English Lexicon
1648:
932:De Sophisticis Elenchis
2426:Quotations related to
2218:10.1484/J.RHE.1.102664
1765:was a polemic against
1669:, with pieces such as
1052:De doctrina Christiana
1042:Dialogus de oratoribus
962:Rhetorica ad Herennium
188:Captatio benevolentiae
2358:Gallop, Jane (2004).
2276:10.1093/ref:odnb/4680
1755:In the 20th century,
1692:In the 19th century,
1644:Roman Catholic Church
1220:Communication studies
1062:De vulgari eloquentia
922:Rhetoric to Alexander
2258:Lee, Sidney (2004).
2239:. Routledge: 33–52.
1960:Henry George Liddell
1551:Christopher Hitchens
1510:, French theologian
27:Contentious rhetoric
1769:, in particular of
1703:Communist Manifesto
1563:Friedrich Nietzsche
1536:George Bernard Shaw
1225:Composition studies
1156:Health and medicine
1022:Institutio Oratoria
229:Eloquentia perfecta
1816:published a book,
1667:Alexander Hamilton
1570:continental Europe
1310:Terministic screen
1092:A General Rhetoric
622:Resignation speech
159:Studia humanitatis
141:Byzantine rhetoric
2381:. Hodder Arnold.
2341:978-1-840-02728-0
2289:(Subscription or
2156:978-1-317-07929-3
2086:978-0-300-10160-7
2064:on 22 March 2016.
1724:Ferdinand Lasalle
1662:A Modest Proposal
1640:Church of England
1559:Søren Kierkegaard
1549:, social critics
1518:, Russian author
1447:) is contentious
1358:
1357:
1285:Rogerian argument
1032:Panegyrici Latini
124:The age of Cicero
16:(Redirected from
2451:
2425:
2411:
2392:
2373:
2346:
2345:
2334:. Oberon Books.
2327:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2263:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2052:
2043:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1996:on 11 April 2008
1984:
1978:
1977:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1925:
1917:
1898:
1891:
1834:Devil's advocate
1809:The God Delusion
1750:Eduard Bernstein
1698:Friedrich Engels
1678:A Farmer Refuted
1651:
1528:Friedrich Engels
1480:
1470:
1444:-LEEM-ick
1441:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1414:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1350:
1343:
1336:
1250:List of speeches
1097:
1087:
1077:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1017:
1007:
997:
987:
977:
967:
957:
947:
937:
927:
917:
907:
897:
701:Neo-Aristotelian
268:Figure of speech
129:Second Sophistic
65:
42:
41:
21:
18:Controversialist
2459:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2434:
2433:
2418:
2408:
2389:
2370:
2354:
2349:
2342:
2328:
2324:
2314:
2312:
2310:The Independent
2302:
2298:
2288:
2280:
2278:
2256:
2252:
2229:
2225:
2198:
2194:
2183:
2179:
2168:
2164:
2157:
2141:
2137:
2098:
2094:
2087:
2073:
2069:
2061:
2050:
2044:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2014:
2013:
2009:
1999:
1997:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1957:
1953:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1932:Springfield, MA
1923:
1919:
1918:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1901:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1826:
1804:Richard Dawkins
1779:Herbert Marcuse
1767:totalitarianism
1687:Duke of Bedford
1636:Robert Carliell
1591:
1418:
1409:
1408:
1401:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1325:
1324:
1270:Public rhetoric
1208:
1207:
1198:
1197:
1146:Native American
1111:
1110:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1085:
1075:
1065:
1055:
1045:
1035:
1025:
1015:
1005:
995:
985:
975:
965:
955:
945:
935:
925:
915:
905:
895:
886:
885:
876:
875:
716:
715:
706:
705:
649:
648:
637:
636:
527:Funeral oration
517:Farewell speech
474:Socratic method
430:
429:
420:
419:
182:
181:
172:
171:
77:
76:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2457:
2447:
2446:
2432:
2431:
2417:
2416:External links
2414:
2413:
2412:
2406:
2393:
2387:
2374:
2368:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2340:
2322:
2296:
2250:
2223:
2192:
2177:
2162:
2155:
2135:
2114:10.2307/297872
2092:
2085:
2067:
2029:
2007:
1979:
1951:
1937:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1849:Internet troll
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1814:A. C. Grayling
1730:Vladimir Lenin
1657:Jonathan Swift
1595:Ancient Greece
1590:
1587:
1555:Peter Hitchens
1540:Vladimir Lenin
1504:Jonathan Swift
1488:Ancient Greece
1356:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1214:Ars dictaminis
1209:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1088:
1078:
1068:
1058:
1048:
1038:
1028:
1018:
1012:On the Sublime
1008:
998:
988:
978:
968:
958:
948:
938:
928:
918:
908:
898:
887:
883:
882:
881:
878:
877:
874:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
717:
713:
712:
711:
708:
707:
704:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
667:
666:
656:
650:
644:
643:
642:
639:
638:
635:
634:
629:
624:
619:
618:
617:
607:
606:
605:
595:
594:
593:
588:
583:
573:
568:
563:
561:Lightning talk
558:
557:
556:
546:
541:
540:
539:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
508:
507:
502:
490:
485:
478:
477:
476:
466:
461:
456:
455:
454:
442:
437:
431:
427:
426:
425:
422:
421:
418:
417:
410:
403:
402:
401:
391:
386:
385:
384:
377:
370:
358:
353:
348:
346:Method of loci
343:
336:
329:
324:
323:
322:
315:
308:
301:
294:
282:
281:
280:
275:
265:
264:
263:
253:
246:
241:
234:
233:
232:
220:
215:
208:
201:
196:
191:
183:
179:
178:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
164:
163:
162:
150:
149:
148:
143:
133:
132:
131:
126:
116:
111:
110:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
82:Ancient Greece
78:
72:
71:
70:
67:
66:
58:
57:
51:
50:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2456:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2429:
2424:
2420:
2419:
2409:
2407:0-521-83854-1
2403:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2388:0-7131-6497-2
2384:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2369:0-415-97228-0
2365:
2361:
2356:
2355:
2343:
2337:
2333:
2326:
2311:
2307:
2300:
2292:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2262:
2254:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2188:
2181:
2173:
2166:
2158:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2139:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2088:
2082:
2078:
2071:
2060:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2017:
2011:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1983:
1976:. on Perseus.
1975:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1955:
1947:
1941:
1933:
1929:
1922:
1916:
1914:
1909:
1896:
1890:
1886:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1869:Social gadfly
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1794:
1792:
1791:Michael Moore
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1757:George Orwell
1753:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1716:, and Marx's
1715:
1714:Eugen Dühring
1711:
1710:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1626:Martin Luther
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1534:, playwright
1533:
1532:George Orwell
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1483: 'war'.
1482:
1479:
1472:
1469:
1462:
1461:Ancient Greek
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1395:
1362:
1351:
1346:
1344:
1339:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1328:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1315:Toulmin model
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1300:Talking point
1298:
1296:
1295:Speechwriting
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1202:
1201:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1116:Argumentation
1114:
1113:
1105:
1104:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1003:
999:
994:
993:
989:
984:
983:
979:
974:
973:
969:
964:
963:
959:
954:
953:
952:De Inventione
949:
944:
943:
939:
934:
933:
929:
924:
923:
919:
914:
913:
909:
904:
903:
899:
894:
893:
889:
888:
880:
879:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
718:
710:
709:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
665:
662:
661:
660:
657:
655:
652:
651:
647:
641:
640:
633:
632:War-mongering
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
616:
613:
612:
611:
608:
604:
601:
600:
599:
598:Progymnasmata
596:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
578:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
566:Maiden speech
564:
562:
559:
555:
552:
551:
550:
547:
545:
542:
538:
535:
534:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
506:
503:
501:
500:
496:
495:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
483:
479:
475:
472:
471:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
453:
452:
448:
447:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
432:
424:
423:
416:
415:
411:
409:
408:
404:
400:
397:
396:
395:
392:
390:
387:
383:
382:
378:
376:
375:
371:
369:
368:
364:
363:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
341:
337:
335:
334:
330:
328:
325:
321:
320:
316:
314:
313:
309:
307:
306:
302:
300:
299:
295:
293:
292:
288:
287:
286:
283:
279:
276:
274:
271:
270:
269:
266:
262:
259:
258:
257:
254:
252:
251:
247:
245:
242:
240:
239:
235:
231:
230:
226:
225:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
213:
209:
207:
206:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
189:
185:
184:
176:
175:
168:
167:Modern period
165:
161:
160:
156:
155:
154:
151:
147:
144:
142:
139:
138:
137:
134:
130:
127:
125:
122:
121:
120:
117:
115:
114:Ancient India
112:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
97:Attic orators
95:
93:
90:
88:
85:
84:
83:
80:
79:
75:
69:
68:
64:
60:
59:
56:
53:
52:
48:
44:
43:
40:
36:
34:
19:
2430:at Wikiquote
2397:
2378:
2359:
2352:Bibliography
2331:
2325:
2313:. Retrieved
2309:
2299:
2279:. Retrieved
2265:
2253:
2236:
2226:
2209:
2205:
2195:
2186:
2180:
2171:
2165:
2145:
2138:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2076:
2070:
2059:the original
2054:
2020:. Retrieved
2010:
1998:. Retrieved
1994:the original
1988:
1982:
1971:
1964:Robert Scott
1954:
1945:
1940:
1927:
1889:
1817:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1783:Noam Chomsky
1775:Soviet Union
1760:
1754:
1743:
1740:Karl Kautsky
1733:
1728:
1717:
1709:Anti-Dühring
1707:
1701:
1691:
1683:Edmund Burke
1676:
1670:
1660:
1654:
1629:
1614:early modern
1607:
1599:Nathan Sivin
1592:
1567:
1547:Noam Chomsky
1500:early modern
1485:
1474:
1464:
1456:
1452:
1360:
1359:
1240:Glossophobia
1212:
1131:Constitutive
1090:
1080:
1070:
1060:
1050:
1040:
1030:
1020:
1010:
1000:
990:
980:
970:
960:
950:
940:
930:
920:
910:
900:
890:
714:Rhetoricians
627:Stump speech
575:
544:Invitational
497:
482:Dissoi logoi
480:
459:Deliberative
451:Controversia
449:
412:
405:
379:
372:
365:
338:
331:
319:Pronuntiatio
317:
310:
303:
296:
289:
248:
236:
227:
210:
203:
186:
157:
119:Ancient Rome
39:
32:
2212:(1): 5–48.
2000:21 February
1844:Disputation
1787:John Pilger
1762:Animal Farm
1530:, novelist
1520:Leo Tolstoy
1512:Jean Calvin
1465:πολεμικός (
1320:Wooden iron
1280:Rhetrickery
1255:Oral skills
1191:Composition
1126:Contrastive
946:(c. 350 BC)
936:(c. 350 BC)
926:(c. 350 BC)
916:(c. 350 BC)
906:(c. 370 BC)
766:Demosthenes
746:Brueggemann
681:Ideological
532:Homiletics
445:Declamation
435:Apologetics
285:Five canons
153:Renaissance
136:Middle Ages
2315:6 November
2293:required.)
1905:References
1874:Trash-talk
1457:polemicist
1176:Technology
1166:Procedural
986:(c. 50 BC)
972:De Oratore
836:Quintilian
831:Protagoras
686:Metaphoric
610:Propaganda
493:Epideictic
407:Sotto voce
361:Persuasion
356:Operations
298:Dispositio
194:Chironomia
35:(magazine)
2130:153936734
1968:"πόλεμος"
1921:"polemic"
1859:Philippic
1854:Irenicism
1839:Dialectic
1771:Stalinism
1694:Karl Marx
1631:95 Theses
1524:Karl Marx
1475:πόλεμος (
1468:polemikos
1290:Seduction
1121:Cognitive
1109:Subfields
1036:(100–400)
791:Isocrates
731:Augustine
721:Aristotle
696:Narrative
646:Criticism
591:Philippic
505:Panegyric
488:Elocution
469:Dialectic
389:Situation
250:Facilitas
244:Enthymeme
223:Eloquence
205:Delectare
2438:Category
2022:16 March
1864:Rhetoric
1824:See also
1722:against
1700:'s 1848
1610:medieval
1603:Polybius
1583:humanism
1544:linguist
1516:Voltaire
1496:medieval
1492:Polybius
1453:polemics
1449:rhetoric
1161:Pedagogy
1141:Feminist
912:Rhetoric
902:Phaedrus
896:(380 BC)
846:Richards
816:Perelman
664:Pentadic
659:Dramatic
603:Suasoria
581:Diatribe
522:Forensic
499:Encomium
464:Demagogy
333:Imitatio
305:Elocutio
291:Inventio
261:Informal
180:Concepts
107:Sophists
102:Calliope
92:Atticism
87:Asianism
55:Rhetoric
47:a series
45:Part of
2444:Polemic
2428:Polemic
1773:in the
1589:History
1579:atheism
1508:Galileo
1478:polemos
1361:Polemic
1206:Related
1181:Therapy
1171:Science
1136:Digital
1016:(c. 50)
1006:(46 BC)
996:(46 BC)
976:(55 BC)
966:(80 BC)
956:(84 BC)
892:Gorgias
861:Toulmin
856:Tacitus
806:McLuhan
781:Gorgias
776:Erasmus
771:Derrida
736:Bakhtin
726:Aspasia
691:Mimesis
654:Cluster
586:Eristic
576:Polemic
571:Oratory
549:Lecture
312:Memoria
256:Fallacy
199:Decorum
146:Trivium
74:History
33:Polemic
2404:
2385:
2366:
2338:
2287:
2281:27 May
2153:
2128:
2122:297872
2120:
2083:
2055:Humani
1924:(s.v.)
1830:Critic
1799:Humani
1789:, and
1681:, and
1265:Pistis
1260:Orator
1186:Visual
1096:(1970)
1086:(1966)
1076:(1521)
1066:(1305)
1002:Orator
942:Topics
871:Weaver
801:Lysias
796:Lucian
786:Hobbes
761:de Man
756:Cicero
554:Public
537:Sermon
512:Eulogy
440:Debate
428:Genres
374:Pathos
340:Kairos
327:Hypsos
273:Scheme
238:Eunoia
218:Device
212:Docere
2126:S2CID
2118:JSTOR
2062:(PDF)
2051:(PDF)
1881:Notes
1574:libel
1572:when
1463:
1413:also
1056:(426)
1046:(102)
884:Works
851:Smith
841:Ramus
826:Plato
821:Pizan
751:Burke
741:Booth
676:Genre
671:Frame
414:Topos
399:Grand
394:Style
381:Logos
367:Ethos
351:Modes
278:Trope
2402:ISBN
2383:ISBN
2364:ISBN
2336:ISBN
2317:2016
2283:2017
2151:ISBN
2081:ISBN
2024:2022
2002:2008
1696:and
1675:and
1612:and
1561:and
1553:and
1526:and
1498:and
1404:-ick
1402:LEHM
1230:Doxa
1026:(95)
866:Vico
615:Spin
2272:doi
2241:doi
2214:doi
2210:107
2110:doi
1806:'s
1759:'s
1628:'s
1593:In
1565:.
1400:pə-
1305:TED
1151:New
811:Ong
2440::
2308:.
2235:.
2208:.
2204:.
2124:.
2116:.
2106:52
2104:.
2053:.
2032:^
1970:.
1966:.
1962:;
1930:.
1926:.
1912:^
1820:.
1793:.
1785:,
1781:,
1752:.
1726:.
1689:.
1665:,
1646:–
1620:.
1581:,
1542:,
1417:/-
1411:US
1407:,
49:on
2410:.
2391:.
2372:.
2344:.
2319:.
2285:.
2274::
2247:.
2243::
2220:.
2216::
2159:.
2132:.
2112::
2089:.
2026:.
2004:.
1481:)
1471:)
1438:/
1435:k
1432:ɪ
1429:m
1426:i
1423:l
1420:ˈ
1394:/
1391:k
1388:ɪ
1385:m
1382:ɛ
1379:l
1376:ˈ
1373:ə
1370:p
1367:/
1363:(
1349:e
1342:t
1335:v
37:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.