Knowledge

Convergence and Union

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On Sunday 25 November 2012, CiU maintained its control of the regional parliament by winning approximately 30 per cent of the popular vote and earning 50 seats of the total 135. This represents a drop in voter support since the 2010 election, with voter turn-out for the 2012 election at approximately
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and more nuanced nationalism. The electoral manifesto for the elections in 2012 states that "we want to build a wide social majority so that Catalonia can have its own State in the European frame, because Catalonia has the will to become a normal country among world's countries and nations".
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On Sunday 28 November 2010 (28-N), CiU regained control of the regional parliament after seven years in opposition, winning about 38% of the popular vote, earning 62 seats out of the total 135. Its platform was broadly centrist, and somewhat ambiguous about independence from Spain.
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CiU is generally considered a Catalan nationalist party; this is also the term it uses to describe itself. Both the Spanish and Catalan media perceive it as a moderate nationalist force. However, its liberal fraction (CDC) has a relatively strong current which advocates
474:, bringing them to a total of 50 deputies. While they have more than twice as many deputies as any other party, they were left 18 seats short of a majority in the 135-member body. After the election, they entered into coalition with the 457:
to those who are generally satisfied with the present self-government status. In general, the CDC tends to be more supportive of Catalan sovereignty, while the UDC is considered closer to traditional Catalan
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has stated he would vote in favour of Catalan independence in a theoretical referendum of independence, but he added this would not be his official policy if elected as President of Catalonia.
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from Spain and which has grown stronger after 2006. Many high ranking exponents of the Democratic Convergence define CiU as an independentist political force. The party's president
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during the party's last years, and by 2014 demonstrated its intention to hold a referendum on Catalan independence. There is some debate as to whether the coalition was
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coalition. During its lifespan, it was usually seen as a moderate nationalist party in Spain, although a significant part of its membership had shifted to open Catalan
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party. As for its position in the nationalist debate, it was deliberately ambiguous so as to appeal to the broadest spectrum possible, from voters who seek full
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reported in August 2013 that the coalition may break apart due to fractions within the union about Catalan independence, with UDC opposing secessionism.
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were considered the biggest losers, holding only 28 seats of their former 37. All other parties lost support, as well, except the liberal-conservative
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and is the main opposition party at the Catalan autonomous level, having been replaced in the government by a centre-left tripartite coalition
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On 18 June 2015 CDC spokespersons declared the CiU federation "finished", albeit amenable to an "amicable" separation. This occurred after an
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to further increase Catalonia's autonomy. It is currently the most voted party at regional elections in Catalonia, but in 2003 lost its
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70%, or the highest since 1998. It is also the lowest percentage of the vote the coalition has scored since its formation in 1988.
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Pallarés, Francesc; Keating, Michael (2006), "Multi-level electoral competition: sub-state elections and party systems in Spain",
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within Spain, striving for the highest possible level of autonomy for Catalonia. However, it has recently become a
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The Political Economy of Inter-Regional Fiscal Flows: Measurement, Determinants and Effects on Country Stability
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had been issued by President Mas to UDC, due to their diverging positions on the Catalan independence process.
247: 3806: 3388: 3320: 2538: 2530: 1606: 1552: 1498: 1444: 1390: 1336: 1282: 1228: 1174: 1120: 1015: 579: 523: 423: 139: 3794: 3286: 559: 475: 173: 3664: 3619: 2941:"Convergència enterra la federació: "El projecte polític de CiU s'ha acabat i cal una separació amistosa"" 480: 3845: 3762: 3480: 3455: 2460: 2423: 1650: 1596: 1542: 547: 257: 252: 3694: 3669: 3857: 3418: 276: 478:(ERC), which has a completely different political orientation but also supports Catalan independence. 3684: 3503: 3012: 3351: 2876: 265: 3714: 3823: 3356: 653: 471: 143: 3923: 3811: 3629: 3513: 3508: 512: 454: 211: 3154: 3900: 3624: 306: 236: 3949: 3428: 2503: 575: 504: 3918: 3341: 2602:
Hepburn, Eve (2009), "Degrees of Independence: SNP Thinking in an International Context",
8: 3518: 3361: 3316: 2179: 450: 430: 408: 196: 181: 3840: 3366: 27:"CiU" redirects here. For the British association of social clubs known as the CIU, see 3959: 3879: 2847: 411: 372: 325: 226: 3852: 3767: 3704: 3654: 3576: 3498: 2901: 2758: 590: 362: 3639: 3634: 3884: 3724: 3535: 3438: 3403: 3181:"Els crítics d'Unió aposten per la independència i es distancien de Duran i Lleida" 2715: 1073: 403: 387: 216: 3729: 3689: 3679: 3460: 3270:
Dowling, Andrew (2005). "Convergència i Unió, Catalonia and the new Catalanism".
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Between Europeanization and Local Societies: The Space for Territorial Governance
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Dowling, Andrew (2005), "Convergència i Unió, Catalonia and the new Catalanism",
333: 84: 3777: 153: 2959:"Felip Puig: "La independencia de Catalunya sólo será posible a través de CiU"" 1434: 3734: 3099:"Nació Digital: Àngel Colom: "La via més curta cap a la independència és CiU"" 3065: 2735:
Catholic Roots and Democratic Flowers: Political Systems in Spain and Portugal
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Bukowski, Jeanie (2003), "Party Politics and Regional Strategies in Spain",
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On the other hand, the Christian democratic part of the coalition, the
446: 201: 3674: 3155:"Nació Digital: Vila d'Abadal: "El nostre país tornarà a ser lliure"" 915: 543: 516: 488: 415: 166: 74: 2848:"Catalan election result deals blow to embattled Spanish government" 2797:(321). The Polish Institute of International Affairs. Archived from 418:, Spain. It was a federation of two constituent parties, the larger 3954: 3828: 442: 232: 191: 3071: 2399: 2280: 2067: 2052: 2006: 1975: 1960: 1914: 1745: 1730: 1535: 1520: 1466: 1427: 1412: 1358: 1157: 1142: 1045: 938: 896: 859: 787: 2702:
Urban Change and the European Left: Tales from the New Barcelona
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In the 2010 elections, the turnout was just above 60%, and the
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tendencies dominate the larger CDC, while the smaller UDC is a
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during the 1980s until 2003 for 23 consecutive years led by
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Union of the Centre and Christian Democracy of Catalonia
546:(CDC), while Unió's leader (second at the CiU level) is 601:, which were called due to divisions in the coalition. 2659:, Vossiuspers, Amsterdam University Press, p. 112 542:(CDC). Pujol was succeeded in the party leadership by 470:, CiU won 30.71% of the vote. It lost 12 seats in the 347: 2672:
A Nation of Nations: Nationalities' Policies in Spain
3039:"Oriol Pujol aclareix que CiU no és independentista" 2923:"Unió ya piensa en una candidatura al margen de CDC" 3561:
White Paper on the National Transition of Catalonia
2987:"El último deseo de Felip Puig es la independencia" 3207: 2733:Wiarda, Howard J.; Macleish Mot, Margaret (2001), 2732: 3995: 3214:Financial Times Newspaper, London Nov 28, 22:00h 3209:"Catalan centre-right retakes political control" 2708: 499:CiU used to defend the notion of Catalonia as a 2639: 621:, which increased its support by 1.5%, and the 550:. It then served in opposition to a tripartite 3758:Association of Municipalities for Independence 3063: 3294: 2921:Barcelona, FIDEL MASREAL / (19 August 2013). 271:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 3238: 3183:(in Catalan). 9 October 2008. Archived from 2893: 3585:Law on the Referendum on Self-determination 3241:"Nationalists triumph in Catalan elections" 3239:Fotheringham, Alasdair (25 November 2012). 4019:Defunct political party alliances in Spain 3773:Committees for the Defense of the Republic 3545:Draft Constitution of the Catalan Republic 3301: 3287: 2635: 2633: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2582: 2580: 645: 54: 3569:Initiation of the Process of Independence 2920: 2726: 2689:, Manchester University Press, p. 51 2654: 2606:, Edinburgh University Press, p. 199 2564: 2562: 2560: 2558: 1072: 631: 604: 569: 426:(UDC). It was dissolved on 18 June 2015. 4029:Political parties disestablished in 2015 3875:Republican Left of the Valencian Country 3205: 2669: 2586: 2178: 652: 640: 494: 3424:2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis 3269: 2874: 2785:Znojek, Bartłomiej (18 November 2011). 2747: 2714: 2699: 2684: 2630: 2610: 2601: 2591:, Rowman & Littlefield, p. 173 2577: 2568: 422:(CDC) and its smaller counterpart, the 14: 4014:Defunct political parties in Catalonia 3996: 3783:Socialist Party of National Liberation 3245:The Independent, London Nov 25, 22:00h 2845: 2784: 2722:, Edward Elgar Publishing, p. 366 2678: 2555: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2519: 2171: 914: 687: 29:Working Men's Club and Institute Union 4024:Political parties established in 1978 3282: 3220:from the original on 10 December 2022 2894:Hough, Dan; Jeffery, Charlie (2006). 2621: 2604:The Modern SNP: From Protest to Power 1661: 402: 4039:Secessionist organizations in Europe 3907:Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia 2846:Connor, Richard (29 November 2011). 2185: 1668: 1079: 534:At the Catalan level, CiU ruled the 4009:2015 disestablishments in Catalonia 3913:Democratic Convergence of Catalonia 3865:Catalan Solidarity for Independence 3601:Catalan declaration of independence 3206:Mulligan, Mark (28 November 2010). 3096: 3078:from the original on 18 August 2017 3067:David Madí, democràcia a sang freda 2626:, Scarecrow Press, pp. 199–202 2529:Compared to the combined totals of 2516: 1060: 420:Democratic Convergence of Catalonia 24: 3940:Young Republican Left of Catalonia 3471:2019 trial of independence leaders 3409:2014 self-determination referendum 3377:2009–2011 independence referendums 3272:The Politics of Contemporary Spain 3135:from the original on 29 March 2012 3097:Cot, Salvador (8 September 2010). 3064:tripartitwatch (9 November 2007). 2787:"Parliamentary Elections in Spain" 2571:The Politics of Contemporary Spain 2499:List of political parties in Spain 529: 25: 4050: 3789:Catalan European Democratic Party 2897:Devolution and Electoral Politics 2657:Regionalism after Regionalisation 2642:Devolution and electoral politics 628:which maintained their position. 4004:1978 establishments in Catalonia 3324: 3310: 3131:(in Spanish). 11 November 2010. 2754:Political institutions in Europe 2472: 2435: 2398: 2361: 2319: 2279: 2160: 2145: 2112: 2097: 2066: 2051: 2020: 2005: 1974: 1959: 1928: 1913: 1882: 1867: 1836: 1821: 1790: 1775: 1744: 1729: 1642: 1627: 1588: 1573: 1534: 1519: 1480: 1465: 1426: 1411: 1372: 1357: 1318: 1303: 1264: 1249: 1210: 1195: 1156: 1141: 1044: 1007: 972: 937: 895: 858: 821: 786: 740: 3394:2012 independence demonstration 3263: 3232: 3199: 3173: 3147: 3117: 3090: 3057: 3031: 3005: 2979: 2951: 2933: 2914: 2887: 2868: 2862: 2839: 2813: 2778: 2741: 599:2006 Catalan regional elections 564:Initiative for Catalonia Greens 312:Centrist Democrat International 3945:Nationalist Youth of Catalonia 3466:2017 Catalan regional election 3161:(in Catalan). 13 December 2009 2875:Sturcke, James (7 June 2006). 2693: 2663: 2648: 2624:Historical Dictionary of Spain 2595: 615:Socialists' Party of Catalonia 574:The party won 10 seats in the 556:Socialists' Party of Catalonia 404:[kumbəɾˈʒɛnsi.əjuniˈo] 13: 1: 3274:. Rotledge. pp. 106–120. 2704:, Routledge, pp. 92, 184 2644:, Manchester University Press 2548: 2531:Democratic Pact for Catalonia 1065: 585:CiU supported changes to the 536:autonomous Catalan government 524:Democratic Union of Catalonia 424:Democratic Union of Catalonia 140:Democratic Pact for Catalonia 4034:Regionalist parties in Spain 3795:Republican Left of Catalonia 3444:2017 independence referendum 3019:(in Spanish). 27 August 2010 2967:(in Spanish). 27 August 2010 2821:"Spain: Political structure" 560:Republican Left of Catalonia 476:Republican Left of Catalonia 36:Political party in Spain 7: 3982:marks defunct organisations 3763:Assemblea Nacional Catalana 3593:Law of juridical transition 3481:2019 Catalan general strike 3456:2017 Catalan general strike 3347:1918-1919 autonomy campaign 2993:(in Spanish). 5 August 2009 2492: 1651:Josep Antoni Duran i Lleida 1597:Josep Antoni Duran i Lleida 1543:Josep Antoni Duran i Lleida 619:People's Party of Catalonia 587:Catalan Statute of Autonomy 548:Josep Antoni Duran i Lleida 94:19 September 1978 10: 4055: 3553:Declaration of Sovereignty 3045:(in Catalan). 19 July 2010 2757:. Routledge. p. 183. 26: 3973: 3932: 3894:Autonomist and federalist 3893: 3750: 3743: 3612: 3527: 3504:Principality of Catalonia 3491: 3429:2017 National Day for Yes 3334: 2655:Schrijver, Frans (2006), 2458: 2421: 2384: 2191: 2188: 1679: 1676: 1671: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 739: 732: 725: 722: 717: 481:El Periódico de Catalunya 358: 345: 340: 318: 303:International affiliation 302: 286:European Parliament group 284: 264: 243: 225: 172: 159: 149: 135: 120: 106:2 December 2001 90: 80: 70: 62: 53: 41: 3670:Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira 2737:, Greenwood, p. 138 2700:McNeill, Donald (1999), 2674:, Peter Lang, p. 83 2670:Valandro, Franz (2002), 2509: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2202: 2199: 2196: 1702: 1696: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1114: 1108: 1102: 1099: 1096: 674: 668: 665: 659: 597:and re-formed after the 3824:Popular Unity Candidacy 3357:Catalan Republic (1931) 2573:, Rotledge, p. 106 654:Parliament of Catalonia 646:Parliament of Catalonia 468:2012 regional elections 455:independence from Spain 277:European People's Party 227:Political position 144:Democracy and Catalonia 3924:Proposta per les Illes 3630:Josep Puig i Cadafalch 3514:Anti-Catalan sentiment 3509:Republican Generalitat 3352:Plot of Prats de Molló 2687:Spanish politics today 2685:Gibbons, John (1999), 1439:Confidence and supply 1385:Confidence and supply 1092:Status in legislature 632:2012 Catalan elections 605:2010 Catalan elections 570:2008 General Elections 391: 212:Catalan independentism 124:18 June 2015 3901:Assembly of Catalonia 3625:Enric Prat de la Riba 3439:2017 Operation Anubis 3389:2010 autonomy protest 3321:independence movement 2622:Smith, Angel (2009), 2539:1977 general election 641:Electoral performance 495:Policies and ideology 384:Convergence and Union 307:Liberal International 44:Convergence and Union 3461:2017 Wake Up Europe! 2749:Colomer, Josep Maria 2504:Autonomous Community 580:March 2008 elections 576:Congress of Deputies 513:Catalan independence 451:Christian democratic 266:European affiliation 258:Coalition for Europe 253:Coalition for Europe 244:National affiliation 3919:Catalonia in Common 3807:Junts per Catalunya 3362:Events of 6 October 3317:Catalan nationalism 3216:. Financial Times. 3017:La Voz de Barcelona 2877:"Catalan conundrum" 2180:European Parliament 2172:European Parliament 431:Catalan nationalist 409:Catalan nationalist 392:Convergència i Unió 197:Christian democracy 182:Catalan nationalism 163:C/ Còrsega, 331-333 47:Convergència i Unió 18:Convergència i Unió 3880:Democratic Tsunami 3476:2019–2020 protests 1662:Regional breakdown 1089:Leading candidate 663:Leading candidate 554:government of the 472:Catalan Parliament 412:electoral alliance 3991: 3990: 3969: 3968: 3705:Carles Puigdemont 3655:Josep Tarradellas 3577:Let Catalans Vote 3499:Catalan Countries 3434:2017 Yes Campaign 3419:2016 We are ready 3342:¡Cu-Cut! incident 3247:. The Independent 2907:978-0-7190-7330-4 2716:Paluzie, Elisenda 2490: 2489: 2169: 2168: 1659: 1658: 1058: 1057: 591:absolute majority 381: 380: 368:Political parties 363:Politics of Spain 150:Succeeded by 81:General Secretary 16:(Redirected from 4046: 3885:Catalan Alliance 3841:Més per Mallorca 3751:Pro-independence 3748: 3747: 3725:Elisenda Paluzie 3620:Valentí Almirall 3605: 3604:(10/27 Oct 2017) 3597: 3589: 3581: 3573: 3565: 3557: 3549: 3541: 3536:Bases de Manresa 3404:2014 Catalan Way 3399:2013 Catalan Way 3367:Operation Garzón 3329: 3328: 3327: 3315: 3314: 3313: 3303: 3296: 3289: 3280: 3279: 3275: 3257: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3236: 3230: 3229: 3227: 3225: 3211: 3203: 3197: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3177: 3171: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3159:Naciodigital.cat 3151: 3145: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3121: 3115: 3114: 3112: 3110: 3103:Naciodigital.cat 3094: 3088: 3087: 3085: 3083: 3074:) (in Catalan). 3061: 3055: 3054: 3052: 3050: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3009: 3003: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2983: 2977: 2976: 2974: 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1160: 1152: 1145: 1137: 1074:Cortes Generales 1070: 1069: 1061:Cortes Generales 1048: 1040: 1011: 1003: 976: 968: 941: 933: 899: 891: 862: 854: 825: 817: 790: 782: 759: 751: 744: 736: 706: 650: 649: 406: 401: 354: 351: 349: 332: 324: 280: 239: 217:Social democracy 136:Preceded by 131: 129: 116: 113: 111: 104: 101: 99: 58: 39: 38: 21: 4054: 4053: 4049: 4048: 4047: 4045: 4044: 4043: 3994: 3993: 3992: 3987: 3965: 3928: 3889: 3853:Més per Menorca 3768:Òmnium Cultural 3739: 3690:Carme Forcadell 3680:Oriol Junqueras 3608: 3603: 3595: 3587: 3579: 3571: 3563: 3555: 3547: 3539: 3523: 3487: 3330: 3325: 3323: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3266: 3261: 3260: 3250: 3248: 3237: 3233: 3223: 3221: 3204: 3200: 3190: 3188: 3187:on 3 March 2012 3179: 3178: 3174: 3164: 3162: 3153: 3152: 3148: 3138: 3136: 3123: 3122: 3118: 3108: 3106: 3095: 3091: 3081: 3079: 3062: 3058: 3048: 3046: 3037: 3036: 3032: 3022: 3020: 3011: 3010: 3006: 2996: 2994: 2985: 2984: 2980: 2970: 2968: 2957: 2956: 2952: 2947:. 18 June 2015. 2939: 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815: 783: 780: 757: 749: 737: 734: 707: 704: 648: 643: 634: 626:Citizens' Party 607: 572: 532: 530:Terms of office 497: 399: 377: 346: 330: 329: 322: 310: 294: 275: 274: 256: 251: 231: 221: 164: 142: 127: 125: 114: 109: 107: 105: 102: 97: 95: 85:Ramon Espadaler 49: 48: 45: 37: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4052: 4042: 4041: 4036: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 3989: 3988: 3986: 3985: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3967: 3966: 3964: 3963: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3936: 3934: 3930: 3929: 3927: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3910: 3904: 3897: 3895: 3891: 3890: 3888: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3861: 3860: 3850: 3849: 3848: 3838: 3837: 3836: 3831: 3821: 3820: 3819: 3814: 3804: 3803: 3802: 3792: 3786: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3754: 3752: 3745: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3737: 3732: 3727: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3702: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3667: 3665:Guillem Agulló 3662: 3657: 3652: 3647: 3642: 3640:Lluís Companys 3637: 3635:Francesc Macià 3632: 3627: 3622: 3616: 3614: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3606: 3598: 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2899: 2898: 2890: 2882: 2878: 2871: 2865: 2849: 2842: 2826: 2825:The Economist 2822: 2816: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2791:PISM Bulletin 2788: 2781: 2766: 2764:9780415267908 2760: 2756: 2755: 2750: 2744: 2736: 2729: 2721: 2717: 2711: 2703: 2696: 2688: 2681: 2673: 2666: 2658: 2651: 2643: 2636: 2634: 2625: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2605: 2598: 2590: 2583: 2581: 2572: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2554: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2515: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2496: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2464: 2462: 2456: 2453: 2452: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2427: 2425: 2419: 2416: 2415: 2411: 2408: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2390: 2388: 2382: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2296: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2271: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2256: 2252: 2249: 2246: 2243: 2236: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2205: 2195: 2184: 2181: 2177: 2163: 2159: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2137: 2135: 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3800:Sobiranistes 3778:Estat Català 3715:Anna Gabriel 3596:(8 Sep 2017) 3588:(6 Sep 2017) 3572:(9 Nov 2015) 3534: 3271: 3264:Bibliography 3249:. 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DW World 2549:References 2192:Catalonia 2127:1,015,691 1943:1,151,633 1897:1,165,783 1851:1,032,243 1805:1,014,258 1672:Catalonia 1611:1,015,691 1395:1,151,633 1341:1,165,783 1287:1,032,243 1233:1,014,258 1066:Nationwide 1027:1,116,259 990:1,202,830 920:1,024,425 878:1,178,420 841:1,320,071 804:1,221,233 769:1,232,514 748:Coalition 723:1,346,729 460:autonomism 429:CiU was a 336:(official) 291:ALDE Group 202:Liberalism 128:2015-06-18 110:2001-12-02 98:1978-09-19 3675:Artur Mas 3528:Documents 3449:reactions 2883:. 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Index

Convergència i Unió
Working Men's Club and Institute Union

Artur Mas
Ramon Espadaler
Democratic Pact for Catalonia
Democracy and Catalonia
Junts pel Sí
Barcelona
Ideology
Catalan nationalism
Populism
Christian democracy
Liberalism
Conservatism
Catalan independentism
Social democracy
Political position
Centre
centre-right
Galeusca
Coalition for Europe
Coalition for Europe
European affiliation
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
European People's Party
European Parliament group
ALDE Group
EPP Group
Liberal International

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