553:
3095:
3007:
2455:
2398:
2232:
1403:
2072:
66:
102:
1599:
828:
3254:
3224:
3059:
2809:
2765:
2690:
2012:
1811:
1743:
1671:
1442:
1292:
1146:
4384:
3052:
2893:
2928:
1585:
814:
6190:
6201:
2186:
2512:
747:
3402:
430:
3151:
2850:
2971:
2730:
2617:
2585:
2179:
1912:
1876:
1844:
1592:
821:
1968:
2344:
2294:
2127:
4372:
3307:
studied the economic benefit of a network of spaceports throughout the solar system beginning from Earth and expanding outwardly in phases, within its team project
Operations And Service Infrastructure for Space (OASIS). Its analysis claimed that the first phase, placing the "Node 1" spaceport with
1545:
The following is a table of spaceports with a documented achieved launch to orbit. The table is sorted according to the time of the first launch that achieved satellite orbit insertion. The first column gives the geographical location. Operations from a different country are indicated in the fourth
735:
A rocket launch site is built as far as possible away from major population centers in order to mitigate risk to bystanders should a rocket experience a catastrophic failure. In many cases a launch site is built close to major bodies of water to ensure that no components are shed over populated
3332:
to enable refueling and resupply prior to Mars surface landings, missions beyond Mars, and return trips to Earth. In addition to propellant mining and refueling, the network of spaceports could provide services such as power storage and distribution, in-space assembly and repair of spacecraft,
782:
The following is a table of spaceports and launch complexes for vertical launchers with documented achieved launches of humans to space (more than 100 km (62 mi) altitude). The sorting order is spaceport by spaceport according to the time of the first human launch.
533:. (These sites can be well-separated for safety reasons.) For launch vehicles with liquid propellant, suitable storage facilities and, in some cases, production facilities are necessary. On-site processing facilities for solid propellants are also common.
606:) in October 1957. The exact location of the cosmodrome was initially held secret. Guesses to its location were misdirected by a name in common with a mining town 320 km away. The position became known in 1957 outside the Soviet Union only after
716:
In principle, advantages of high altitude launch are reduced vertical distance to travel and a thinner atmosphere for the rocket to penetrate. However, altitude of the launch site is not a driving factor in spaceport placement because most of the
522:. The range includes the area over which launched rockets are expected to fly, and within which some components of the rockets may land. Tracking stations are sometimes located in the range to assess the progress of the launches.
4055:, April 2010, accessed 26 April 2010. "Alaska's remote Kodiak Launch Complex is state-of-the-art, has a perfect mission record, and will soon be able to launch a satellite-carrying rocket within 24 hours of mission go-ahead."
628:
In response to the early Soviet successes, the United States built up a major spaceport complex at Cape
Canaveral in Florida. A large number of uncrewed flights, as well as the early human flights, were carried out at
3341:
Space launch facilities have been colonial developments and have also been impacting its surroundings by destroying or polluting their environment, creating precarious cleanup situations.
743:
tourist spaceflight often make use of existing ground infrastructure, including runways. The nature of the local view from 100 km (62 mi) altitude is also a factor to consider.
3512:
3194:
The following table shows spaceports with documented achieved launches of humans to at least 100 km altitude, starting from a horizontal runway. All the flights were
4431:
4428:
3629:
5203:
1880:
3607:
4143:
499:
are sometimes called spaceports, as in recent years new and proposed sites for suborbital human flights have been frequently referred to or named "spaceports".
646:
5906:
3099:
5447:
3316:
by as much as 44% (depending on the launch vehicle). The second phase would add a Node 2 spaceport on the lunar surface to provide services including
4987:
3136:
725:. The small gain from a few kilometers of extra altitude does not usually off-set the logistical costs of ground transport in mountainous terrain.
656:
in Kourou, French Guiana, is the major
European spaceport, with satellite launches that benefit from the location 5 degrees north of the equator.
4695:
4165:
4401:
3656:
3495:
3431:
The
Baikonur Cosmodrome is located in Kazakhstan, but it is operated by the Russian space program, and previously by the Soviet space program.
4669:
458:
4780:
3333:
communications relay, shelter, construction and leasing of infrastructure, maintaining spacecraft positioned for future use, and logistics.
736:
areas. Typically a spaceport site is large enough that, should a vehicle explode, it will not endanger human lives or adjacent launch pads.
4209:
4252:
4342:
2388:
411:
3783:
4542:
2062:
3366:
3131:
5173:
4419:
3303:. Human-tended outposts on the Moon or Mars, for example, will be spaceports by definition. The 2012 Space Studies Program of the
4417:
Spaceflight of fancy: Lawmakers question fiscal feasibility of
Southern New Mexico's proposed spaceport; supporters count on jobs.
5884:
5474:
2375:
503:
and proposed future bases on the Moon are sometimes called spaceports, in particular if intended as a base for further journeys.
3934:
625:. Baikonur was the primary Soviet cosmodrome, and is still frequently used by Russia under a lease arrangement with Kazakhstan.
4886:
4046:
2694:
1301:
1263:
3637:
5464:
5399:
4525:
3836:
3533:
764:
416:
3473:
4275:
4065:
3908:
3883:
3861:
3752:
3705:
3956:
3574:
4982:
4493:
4458:
4025:
514:
or suitable sites to mount a transportable launch pad. It is typically surrounded by a large safety area, often called a
3324:
back to Node 1. This would enable lunar surface activities and further reduce transportation costs within and out from
5484:
5324:
5153:
5110:
4831:
4682:
4605:
4532:
4003:
3730:
3597:
2367:
1675:
1150:
729:
630:
5297:
5268:
4151:
4121:
674:
funded, suborbital spaceflight, that was intended to pave the way for future commercial spaceflights. The spacecraft,
5504:
5361:
5221:
5020:
4674:
3553:
2897:
1497:
451:
406:
4725:
3978:
3011:
1236:
1209:
1182:
4388:
5659:
5258:
5227:
4891:
4513:
4503:
4498:
2799:
2769:
2459:
2402:
2236:
1507:
1407:
1155:
774:
The establishment of spaceports for tourist trips raises legal issues, which are only beginning to be addressed.
660:
3679:
6034:
5896:
5479:
5248:
3548:
Ernst
Stuhlinger, Enabling technology for space transportation (The Century of Space Science, page 66, Kluwer,
3304:
3263:
2383:
2371:
621:) in 1961. The launch complex used, Site 1, has reached a special symbolic significance and is commonly called
552:
5208:
4183:
685:
in 2015 made the first successful landing and recovery of a first stage used in a vertical satellite launch.
3680:"Regulators OK Oklahoma spaceport - Suborbital test flights could begin in 2007, setting stage for tourists"
5600:
3104:
645:
launches and most of their runway landings. For details on the launch complexes of the two spaceports, see
444:
31:
4302:"Accessibility to Space Infrastructures and Outer Space: Anthropological Insights from Europe's Spaceport"
701:
speed (465 m/s at the equator). Such launches also provide a desirable orientation for arriving at a
6230:
6012:
5848:
5595:
5442:
5158:
5084:
4955:
4840:
4376:
3361:
3063:
1996:
1747:
1116:
1085:
1054:
961:
930:
895:
170:
135:
43:
6084:
5853:
5526:
4930:
4925:
4537:
4508:
4231:
3356:
3233:
3027:
2475:
2418:
2348:
378:
17:
5015:
4095:
6007:
5889:
5627:
5392:
5330:
5163:
4896:
4871:
4826:
4793:
4700:
4169:
3258:
2653:
667:
588:
158:
4807:
3652:
1546:
column. A launch is counted as one also in cases where the payload consists of multiple satellites.
6122:
5622:
5610:
5582:
5366:
5078:
4762:
4720:
4656:
4644:
4610:
4555:
3499:
2786:
2715:
2363:
2298:
2169:
2156:
1787:
1459:
1160:
526:
333:
165:
145:
35:
6126:
6062:
5841:
5743:
5654:
5558:
5531:
5432:
5184:
5168:
4861:
4451:
3392:
3195:
2918:
2076:
1815:
1465:
1172:
947:
740:
496:
368:
130:
39:
2794:
6174:
6136:
5570:
5489:
5427:
5010:
4744:
4615:
4248:
3228:
2734:
2711:
2211:
2131:
2054:
2033:
1952:
1940:
1864:
1783:
1711:
1707:
1627:
842:
350:
337:
140:
120:
113:
4749:
4416:
4410:
4396:
6024:
5831:
5469:
5028:
4754:
4580:
3775:
3155:
2720:
2621:
1988:
1831:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1639:
1412:
1362:
1187:
540:
for takeoff and landing of aircraft to support spaceport operations, or to enable support of
50:
6193:
6094:
6077:
5714:
5649:
5642:
5499:
5385:
5318:
5134:
5049:
4856:
4844:
4713:
4563:
4405:
3313:
2997:
2975:
2552:
2016:
2002:
1992:
1972:
1795:
1731:
1296:
634:
602:, started as a Soviet military rocket range in 1955. It achieved the first orbital flight (
591:
for test launches, with 47 of them reaching altitudes between 100 km and 213 km.
388:
190:
85:
8:
6225:
6089:
6067:
6002:
5721:
5565:
5340:
5037:
5006:
4942:
4772:
4649:
4588:
4568:
3372:
3238:
2854:
2589:
2190:
1932:
1916:
1619:
1603:
1429:
1422:
1390:
1369:
1347:
1322:
1279:
1253:
1226:
1199:
1133:
1102:
1071:
1040:
1013:
982:
916:
881:
854:
832:
702:
698:
671:
653:
595:
492:
383:
373:
272:
70:
495:
around Earth or on interplanetary trajectories. However, rocket launch sites for purely
6204:
5987:
5913:
5768:
5664:
5516:
5129:
4444:
3407:
2161:
2148:
1522:
1112:
1081:
1050:
1023:
992:
957:
926:
909:
891:
874:
864:
837:
622:
434:
229:
195:
185:
74:
65:
1511:) reached orbit and is therefore included in the count (disaster struck on re-entry).
6200:
6159:
5799:
5694:
5669:
5615:
5605:
5422:
4901:
4687:
4593:
4323:
3930:
3549:
3529:
3085:
3080:
2932:
2878:
2516:
2092:
1723:
847:
768:
510:
is used for any facility from which rockets are launched. It may contain one or more
263:
175:
6072:
5901:
5858:
5824:
5789:
5726:
5679:
5521:
5263:
5118:
4313:
3443:
The Mid-Atlantic
Regional Spaceport is co-located with the Wallops Flight Facility.
2874:
2790:
2575:
2570:
2215:
2165:
2152:
1643:
1341:
1273:
940:
869:
297:
246:
101:
5279:
3828:
6117:
6017:
5970:
5868:
5809:
5794:
5748:
5731:
5637:
5632:
5291:
5124:
4937:
4906:
4235:
3465:
3309:
2817:
2108:
1779:
1659:
1631:
1192:
1165:
345:
200:
4073:
3916:
3891:
3869:
3760:
3713:
6164:
6151:
6044:
5975:
5965:
5950:
5928:
5918:
5814:
5804:
5753:
5674:
5273:
5095:
3986:
3964:
3566:
3325:
3296:
3172:
2883:
2870:
2755:
2750:
2185:
1936:
1647:
1623:
1311:
1246:
1219:
935:
900:
637:, was constructed, and achieved the first crewed mission to the lunar surface (
530:
340:
4144:"North Korea says it successfully launched controversial satellite into orbit"
4033:
6219:
6112:
6029:
5960:
5923:
5763:
5684:
5548:
5543:
5346:
5148:
4835:
4785:
4628:
4432:
Spaceport Earth: The
Reinvention of Spaceflight - categories | Overlook Press
4423:
4327:
4051:
3329:
3253:
3223:
3123:
3058:
2961:
2952:
2808:
2764:
2689:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2426:
2422:
2319:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2219:
2058:
2037:
2011:
1810:
1799:
1742:
1670:
1441:
1417:
1357:
1291:
1145:
760:
728:
Many spaceports have been placed at existing military installations, such as
722:
710:
642:
500:
287:
282:
277:
205:
180:
4011:
3738:
3598:"SpaceX successfully landed its Falcon 9 rocket after launching it to space"
576:
556:
6169:
6104:
5773:
5758:
5459:
5454:
5237:
5105:
4767:
4117:
3382:
3312:(LEO), would be commercially profitable and reduce transportation costs to
3300:
3268:
3039:
3035:
3031:
2499:
2430:
2315:
2253:
2117:
2104:
2045:
1848:
1598:
1214:
827:
675:
618:
607:
584:
316:
5355:
544:
or horizontal takeoff and vertical landing (HTVL) winged launch vehicles.
483:, by analogy to a seaport for ships or an airport for aircraft. The word
5997:
5863:
5553:
5536:
5408:
4661:
4249:"OASIS Executive Summary Operations And Service Infrastructure for Space"
4184:"Iran's first space launch center near Shahrud for its Ghaem SLV project"
3387:
3317:
3051:
2927:
2892:
2100:
2049:
1719:
1651:
1534:
1454:
1384:
1064:
706:
617:
The
Baikonur Cosmodrome achieved the first launch of a human into space (
241:
93:
4383:
3189:
767:) is being targeted by spaceports in numerous locations worldwide. e.g.
614:, although Soviet authorities did not confirm the location for decades.
6131:
6039:
5982:
5942:
5736:
5437:
5232:
5057:
4950:
4881:
3351:
3321:
2680:
2674:
1584:
1446:
813:
611:
599:
572:
560:
511:
480:
328:
292:
218:
125:
5992:
5709:
5590:
5511:
5494:
4708:
4640:
4623:
4318:
4301:
3683:
3602:
3127:
2670:
2646:
2637:
2071:
1944:
1332:
1241:
1033:
638:
603:
236:
57:
49:"Space landing complex" redirects here. For the SpaceX facility, see
746:
693:
Rockets can most easily reach satellite orbits if launched near the
670:, California, a human was for the first time launched to space in a
5302:
5285:
5243:
3725:
3723:
3328:. The third phase would add a Node 3 spaceport on the Martian moon
3178:
2840:
2834:
2537:
2532:
2041:
1791:
1715:
1528:
1492:
1485:
1481:
1379:
1306:
1126:
1095:
1090:
1059:
1028:
1006:
1001:
970:
529:, which can be rocket launch sites adapted for different types of
5335:
5213:
4799:
3856:
3854:
2992:
2605:
2546:
2207:
1956:
1902:
1896:
1635:
1502:
1477:
1476:† Three of the Soyuz missions were uncrewed and are not counted (
1268:
1121:
997:
975:
966:
904:
718:
694:
610:
planes had identified the site by following railway lines in the
580:
3720:
732:
ranges, which are not always physically ideal sites for launch.
594:
The world's first spaceport for orbital and human launches, the
5955:
5819:
5307:
4371:
2970:
2957:
2948:
2813:
2729:
2616:
2584:
2511:
2178:
2113:
2096:
1911:
1875:
1843:
1727:
1591:
1337:
820:
682:
568:
537:
5377:
3998:
3996:
3851:
678:, was launched by a carrier airplane taking off horizontally.
5312:
5090:
4550:
4521:
4436:
4147:
3903:
3901:
3094:
3006:
2641:
2454:
2397:
2343:
2331:
2293:
2231:
2126:
1967:
1948:
1655:
1402:
491:, has traditionally been used for sites capable of launching
4228:
3513:
Merritt Island
Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network station
777:
563:, the first rocket to reach space in June 1944, was launched
5032:
4851:
4575:
4087:
3993:
3377:
3292:
3288:
3150:
2913:
2849:
2379:
2327:
1318:
721:
for a launch is spent on achieving the required horizontal
541:
4210:"IRAN'S SOLID-PROPELLANT SLV PROGRAM IS ALIVE AND KICKING"
3898:
5836:
2323:
587:. After the war, 70 complete V-2 rockets were brought to
3496:"Moon as a Spaceport - NASA's Mars Forum - by IdeaScale"
697:
in an easterly direction, as this maximizes use of the
4343:"Recycled Rocket Parts Are a Toxic Lifeline in Russia"
3166:
3117:
3074:
3022:
2986:
2943:
2908:
2865:
2828:
2780:
2745:
2705:
2665:
2632:
2600:
2565:
2527:
2470:
2413:
2309:
2247:
2201:
2142:
2087:
2027:
1983:
1927:
1891:
1859:
1826:
1758:
1686:
1614:
647:
List of Cape Canaveral and Merritt Island launch sites
3190:
With achieved horizontal launches of humans to 100 km
666:
Breaking with tradition, in June 2004 on a runway at
3397:
4276:"Rockets and rocket launches information and facts"
3823:
3821:
3287:Spaceports have been proposed for locations on the
1540:
633:. For the Apollo programme, an adjacent spaceport,
3819:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3801:
3295:, orbiting the Earth, at Sun-Earth and Earth-Moon
30:Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see
3644:
6217:
4429:Spaceport Earth: The Reinvention of Spaceflight
3798:
4402:Center for Strategic and International Studies
4118:"Imam Khomeini Space Center | Facilities"
3470:Center for Strategic and International Studies
750:Active orbital-launch spaceports in the world.
663:achieved the first Chinese human spaceflight.
27:Location used to launch and receive spacecraft
5393:
4452:
3650:
525:Major spaceports often include more than one
452:
1501:) failed to reach orbit and is not counted.
100:
4411:Sheboygan Spaceport’s Future – Sea to Space
4299:
3677:
3439:
3437:
3427:
3425:
5400:
5386:
4459:
4445:
459:
445:
4317:
4300:Korpershoek, Karlijn (26 December 2023).
3653:"Space Law Probe: Virginia Leads The Way"
3367:Office of Commercial Space Transportation
778:With achieved vertical launches of humans
4040:
3434:
3422:
745:
641:) in July 1969. It was the base for all
551:
64:
5885:Effect of spaceflight on the human body
4340:
4273:
3931:"Arianespace - Launch program activity"
3774:Howell, Elizabeth (22 September 2016).
3463:
14:
6218:
5907:Psychological and sociological effects
4397:U.S. Spaceports Online Reference Guide
3773:
5381:
4440:
4222:
3595:
3526:Space and astronomy: decade by decade
3523:
765:List of private spaceflight companies
479:is a site for launching or receiving
4334:
4306:International Journal of the Commons
4293:
4267:
4255:from the original on 25 January 2014
3937:from the original on 9 February 2014
3776:"Vandenberg: West Coast Launch Site"
3577:from the original on 8 February 2003
3567:"Baikonur Cosmodrome (NIIP-5/GIK-5)"
4274:Greshko, Michael (4 January 2019).
4098:from the original on 14 August 2021
3671:
3659:from the original on 22 August 2017
3528:. Infobase Publishing. p. 95.
24:
5616:Weather and environment monitoring
4341:Greshko, Michael (4 August 2018).
4150:. 12 December 2012. Archived from
3476:from the original on 7 August 2020
1676:Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
1151:Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
730:intercontinental ballistic missile
631:Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
25:
6242:
4364:
3839:from the original on 3 March 2022
3786:from the original on 15 June 2018
3651:Londin, Jesse (9 February 2007).
3610:from the original on 28 June 2017
3596:Grush, Loren (21 December 2015).
2898:Sohae Satellite Launching Station
6199:
6189:
6188:
4382:
4370:
4207:
4124:from the original on 5 July 2017
3400:
3299:, and at other locations in the
3252:
3222:
3149:
3093:
3057:
3050:
3012:Wenchang Satellite Launch Center
3005:
2969:
2926:
2891:
2848:
2807:
2763:
2728:
2688:
2615:
2583:
2510:
2453:
2396:
2342:
2292:
2230:
2184:
2177:
2125:
2070:
2010:
1966:
1910:
1874:
1842:
1809:
1741:
1669:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1541:With achieved satellite launches
1440:
1401:
1290:
1144:
826:
819:
812:
754:
739:Planned sites of spaceports for
428:
5660:Space launch market competition
5407:
4241:
4216:
4201:
4176:
4158:
4136:
4110:
4080:
4058:
4047:Kodiak Readies for Quick Launch
4018:
3971:
3949:
3923:
3876:
3767:
3745:
3698:
3282:
2770:Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport
2460:Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center
2403:Xichang Satellite Launch Center
2237:Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
1515:Crewed Missions failed to reach
1408:Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
661:Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
5897:Health threat from cosmic rays
4466:
3622:
3589:
3559:
3542:
3517:
3506:
3488:
3457:
3320:mining and delivery of rocket
3305:International Space University
13:
1:
4387:The dictionary definition of
3450:
536:A spaceport may also include
3678:Boyle, Alan (13 June 2006).
7:
6013:Self-replicating spacecraft
5849:International Space Station
4622:Japanese private launches:
4088:"Welcome to Virginia Space"
3524:Dyson, Marianne J. (2007).
3464:Roberts, Thomas G. (2019).
3362:List of rocket launch sites
3344:
3111:Yellow sea, East China sea
3064:Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1
1748:Vandenberg Space Force Base
688:
401:List of space organizations
44:List of rocket launch sites
32:Eureka! Science + Discovery
10:
6247:
5527:Space Liability Convention
4520:Chinese private launches:
3682:. NBC News. Archived from
3357:List of human spaceflights
3213:Flights above 100 km
2349:Satish Dhawan Space Centre
810:
547:
55:
48:
29:
6183:
6150:
6103:
6055:
5941:
5890:Space adaptation syndrome
5877:
5782:
5702:
5693:
5581:
5415:
5193:
5070:
5048:
4998:
4917:
4818:
4736:
4481:
4474:
4229:http://www.oasisnext.com/
3466:"Spaceports of the World"
3336:
3259:Mojave Air and Space Port
2695:Pacific Spaceport Complex
2544:Various airport runways (
1300:
1288:
1142:
668:Mojave Air and Space Port
5623:Communications satellite
4238:, OASIS official website
4234:24 December 2014 at the
3415:
2299:Tanegashima Space Center
56:Not to be confused with
36:List of launch complexes
6127:reusable launch systems
5744:Extravehicular activity
5655:Commercial use of space
5559:Militarisation of space
5532:Registration Convention
5448:Accidents and incidents
5329:Soviet Union / Russia:
4406:Spaceports of the World
3571:www.russianspaceweb.com
3393:Sub-orbital spaceflight
2077:Woomera Prohibited Area
1849:Kapustin Yar Cosmodrome
1816:Wallops Flight Facility
131:Timeline of spaceflight
40:Missile launch facility
6175:Mission control center
6137:Non-rocket spacelaunch
5571:Billionaire space race
3308:space tug services in
3229:Edwards Air Force Base
2132:Uchinoura Space Center
751:
564:
435:Spaceflight portal
351:Non-rocket spacelaunch
121:History of spaceflight
105:
78:
6025:Spacecraft propulsion
5475:European Space Agency
4581:Shahroud Space Center
3634:www.overlookpress.com
3156:Shahroud Space Center
2622:Delta-class submarine
749:
713:this does not apply.
559:, Germany, where the
555:
493:spacecraft into orbit
104:
68:
51:Landing Zones 1 and 2
5650:Satellite navigation
5050:International waters
4379:at Wikimedia Commons
4166:"news.xinhuanet.com"
4154:on 13 December 2012.
3989:on 28 December 2016.
3919:on 29 December 2007.
3502:on 24 December 2014.
3314:geosynchronous orbit
2976:Vostochny Cosmodrome
2017:Kennedy Space Center
1973:Broglio Space Centre
1297:Kennedy Space Center
659:In October 2003 the
635:Kennedy Space Center
571:to reach space were
6035:Electric propulsion
5722:Life-support system
5606:Imagery and mapping
5566:Private spaceflight
5021:Barreira do Inferno
4726:Dombarovsky / Yasny
4526:Wenchang Commercial
4422:25 January 2013 at
4415:HighBeam Research:
4172:on 4 February 2013.
4070:www.astronautix.com
4030:www.astronautix.com
4008:www.astronautix.com
3983:www.astronautix.com
3967:on 29 January 2005.
3961:www.astronautix.com
3913:www.astronautix.com
3888:www.astronautix.com
3872:on 4 November 2007.
3866:www.astronautix.com
3833:www.astronautix.com
3763:on 8 February 2002.
3757:www.astronautix.com
3741:on 31 October 2003.
3735:www.astronautix.com
3716:on 7 February 2002.
3710:www.astronautix.com
3640:on 13 January 2018.
3630:"Overlookpress.com"
3373:Orbital spaceflight
2855:Semnan Space Center
2590:Svobodny Cosmodrome
2191:Guiana Space Centre
1917:Plesetsk Cosmodrome
1604:Baikonur Cosmodrome
833:Baikonur Cosmodrome
703:geostationary orbit
681:At Cape Canaveral,
654:Guiana Space Centre
596:Baikonur Cosmodrome
497:sub-orbital flights
487:, and even more so
273:Apollo Lunar Module
71:Baikonur Cosmodrome
6231:Russian inventions
5988:Robotic spacecraft
5914:Space and survival
5769:Space colonization
5665:Space architecture
5517:Outer Space Treaty
5200:Algeria / France:
4832:Cape Canaveral SFS
4808:Spaceport Cornwall
3408:Spaceflight portal
3100:Dongfang Spaceport
752:
699:Earth's rotational
565:
508:rocket launch site
230:Robotic spacecraft
106:
79:
42:, and
6213:
6212:
6160:Flight controller
5937:
5936:
5695:Human spaceflight
5670:Space exploration
5596:Earth observation
5375:
5374:
5085:Kulasekharapatnam
5066:
5065:
4902:Spaceport America
4375:Media related to
4014:on 2 August 2002.
3535:978-0-8160-5536-4
3280:
3279:
3207:Carrier aircraft
3187:
3186:
3086:Electron (rocket)
2933:Naro Space Center
2822:Marshall Islands
2517:Palmachim Airbase
1474:
1473:
769:Spaceport America
469:
468:
363:Spaceflight types
307:
306:
264:Crewed spacecraft
256:
255:
171:Earth observation
16:(Redirected from
6238:
6203:
6192:
6191:
5902:Space psychology
5727:Animals in space
5700:
5699:
5680:Space technology
5522:Rescue Agreement
5402:
5395:
5388:
5379:
5378:
5354:
5319:Broglio, Malindi
5264:Greifswalder Oie
5256:
5183:
5144:
5123:United Kingdom:
5119:Spaceport Sweden
4988:Reagan Test Site
4981:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4804:United Kingdom:
4798:
4638:
4603:
4491:
4479:
4478:
4461:
4454:
4447:
4438:
4437:
4386:
4374:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4321:
4319:10.5334/ijc.1284
4297:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4271:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4260:
4245:
4239:
4226:
4220:
4214:
4213:
4205:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4194:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4168:. Archived from
4162:
4156:
4155:
4140:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4114:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4103:
4084:
4078:
4077:
4076:on 18 June 2008.
4072:. Archived from
4062:
4056:
4044:
4038:
4037:
4032:. Archived from
4022:
4016:
4015:
4010:. Archived from
4000:
3991:
3990:
3985:. Archived from
3975:
3969:
3968:
3963:. Archived from
3953:
3947:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3927:
3921:
3920:
3915:. Archived from
3905:
3896:
3895:
3890:. Archived from
3880:
3874:
3873:
3868:. Archived from
3858:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3829:"Wallops Island"
3825:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3771:
3765:
3764:
3759:. Archived from
3749:
3743:
3742:
3737:. Archived from
3731:"Cape Canaveral"
3727:
3718:
3717:
3712:. Archived from
3702:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3686:on 30 April 2013
3675:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3664:
3655:. blogspot.com.
3648:
3642:
3641:
3636:. Archived from
3626:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3563:
3557:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3521:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3498:. Archived from
3492:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3461:
3444:
3441:
3432:
3429:
3410:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3257:
3256:
3227:
3226:
3201:
3200:
3168:
3154:
3153:
3140:
3119:
3108:
3098:
3097:
3076:
3062:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3024:
3010:
3009:
2988:
2974:
2973:
2945:
2931:
2930:
2910:
2896:
2895:
2867:
2853:
2852:
2830:
2812:
2811:
2782:
2768:
2767:
2747:
2735:Yasny Cosmodrome
2733:
2732:
2707:
2693:
2692:
2667:
2656:mobile platform
2634:
2620:
2619:
2602:
2588:
2587:
2567:
2529:
2515:
2514:
2472:
2458:
2457:
2415:
2401:
2400:
2347:
2346:
2311:
2297:
2296:
2249:
2235:
2234:
2203:
2189:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2144:
2130:
2129:
2089:
2075:
2074:
2029:
2015:
2014:
1985:
1971:
1970:
1929:
1915:
1914:
1893:
1879:
1878:
1861:
1847:
1846:
1828:
1814:
1813:
1760:
1746:
1745:
1688:
1674:
1673:
1616:
1602:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1549:
1548:
1451:Launch Site One
1445:
1444:
1406:
1405:
1295:
1294:
1274:Boeing Starliner
1149:
1148:
831:
830:
824:
823:
817:
816:
786:
785:
461:
454:
447:
433:
432:
431:
258:
257:
247:Cargo spacecraft
224:
223:
81:
80:
21:
6246:
6245:
6241:
6240:
6239:
6237:
6236:
6235:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6209:
6179:
6146:
6118:Escape velocity
6099:
6051:
6018:Space telescope
5971:Reentry capsule
5933:
5873:
5778:
5749:Overview effect
5732:Bioastronautics
5689:
5577:
5411:
5406:
5376:
5371:
5352:
5317:Kenya / Italy:
5292:Salto di Quirra
5254:
5189:
5181:
5154:Clinton-Sherman
5142:
5062:
5044:
5038:Guiana / Kourou
4994:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4956:Mahia Peninsula
4938:Southern Launch
4913:
4907:SpaceX Starbase
4814:
4796:
4732:
4636:
4601:
4489:
4470:
4465:
4367:
4362:
4361:
4351:
4349:
4339:
4335:
4298:
4294:
4284:
4282:
4272:
4268:
4258:
4256:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4236:Wayback Machine
4227:
4223:
4217:
4206:
4202:
4192:
4190:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4142:
4141:
4137:
4127:
4125:
4116:
4115:
4111:
4101:
4099:
4092:www.vaspace.org
4086:
4085:
4081:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4045:
4041:
4036:on 7 July 2009.
4024:
4023:
4019:
4002:
4001:
3994:
3977:
3976:
3972:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3940:
3938:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3907:
3906:
3899:
3882:
3881:
3877:
3860:
3859:
3852:
3842:
3840:
3827:
3826:
3799:
3789:
3787:
3772:
3768:
3751:
3750:
3746:
3729:
3728:
3721:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3689:
3687:
3676:
3672:
3662:
3660:
3649:
3645:
3628:
3627:
3623:
3613:
3611:
3594:
3590:
3580:
3578:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3547:
3543:
3536:
3522:
3518:
3511:
3507:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3479:
3477:
3462:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3435:
3430:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3406:
3401:
3399:
3369:(United States)
3347:
3339:
3310:low Earth orbit
3297:Lagrange points
3285:
3251:
3221:
3192:
3148:
3134:
3102:
3092:
3056:
3049:
3004:
2968:
2925:
2890:
2847:
2818:Kwajalein Atoll
2806:
2762:
2727:
2687:
2614:
2582:
2509:
2452:
2395:
2341:
2291:
2229:
2183:
2176:
2124:
2069:
2009:
1965:
1909:
1885:French Algeria
1873:
1841:
1808:
1740:
1668:
1596:
1589:
1582:
1573:
1572:Launch vehicles
1568:
1566:
1564:
1559:
1543:
1439:
1400:
1289:
1143:
1098:1–9, 11–13, 15
825:
818:
811:
793:
780:
757:
691:
623:Gagarin's Start
583:in 1944 during
550:
531:launch vehicles
465:
429:
427:
422:
421:
402:
394:
393:
364:
356:
355:
346:Escape velocity
341:launch vehicles
319:
309:
308:
303:
302:
266:
252:
251:
232:
221:
211:
210:
161:
151:
150:
116:
75:Gagarin's Start
61:
54:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6244:
6234:
6233:
6228:
6211:
6210:
6208:
6207:
6196:
6184:
6181:
6180:
6178:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6165:Ground station
6162:
6156:
6154:
6152:Ground segment
6148:
6147:
6145:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6120:
6115:
6109:
6107:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6085:Interplanetary
6082:
6081:
6080:
6078:Geosynchronous
6075:
6065:
6059:
6057:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6049:
6048:
6047:
6045:Gravity assist
6042:
6037:
6032:
6022:
6021:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5985:
5980:
5979:
5978:
5976:Service module
5973:
5968:
5966:Orbital module
5958:
5953:
5951:Launch vehicle
5947:
5945:
5939:
5938:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5931:
5929:Space sexology
5926:
5921:
5919:Space medicine
5916:
5911:
5910:
5909:
5899:
5894:
5893:
5892:
5881:
5879:
5875:
5874:
5872:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5845:
5844:
5834:
5829:
5828:
5827:
5822:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5786:
5784:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5754:Weightlessness
5751:
5746:
5741:
5740:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5719:
5718:
5717:
5706:
5704:
5697:
5691:
5690:
5688:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5675:Space research
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5646:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5620:
5619:
5618:
5613:
5611:Reconnaissance
5608:
5603:
5593:
5587:
5585:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5574:
5573:
5563:
5562:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5541:
5540:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5509:
5508:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5480:European Union
5477:
5472:
5467:
5457:
5452:
5451:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5425:
5419:
5417:
5413:
5412:
5405:
5404:
5397:
5390:
5382:
5373:
5372:
5370:
5369:
5364:
5358:
5349:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5327:
5321:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5294:
5288:
5282:
5276:
5274:Tuchola Forest
5271:
5266:
5261:
5251:
5246:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5224:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5197:
5195:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5178:
5177:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5139:
5138:
5137:
5132:
5121:
5115:
5114:
5113:
5108:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5087:
5081:
5074:
5072:
5068:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5054:
5052:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5040:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5018:
5002:
5000:
4996:
4995:
4993:
4992:
4991:
4990:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4947:
4946:
4945:
4935:
4934:
4933:
4921:
4919:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4859:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4841:Vandenberg SFB
4838:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4802:
4790:
4789:
4788:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4770:
4759:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4740:
4738:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4718:
4717:
4716:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4679:
4678:
4677:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4633:
4632:
4631:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4598:
4597:
4596:
4585:
4584:
4583:
4573:
4572:
4571:
4560:
4559:
4558:
4547:
4546:
4545:
4540:
4529:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4485:
4483:
4476:
4472:
4471:
4464:
4463:
4456:
4449:
4441:
4435:
4434:
4426:
4413:
4408:
4399:
4394:
4380:
4366:
4365:External links
4363:
4360:
4359:
4333:
4312:(1): 481–491.
4292:
4266:
4240:
4221:
4215:
4208:Hinz, Fabian.
4200:
4175:
4157:
4135:
4109:
4079:
4066:"Dombarovskiy"
4057:
4039:
4017:
3992:
3970:
3948:
3922:
3897:
3894:on 5 May 2002.
3875:
3862:"Kapustin Yar"
3850:
3797:
3766:
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3326:cislunar space
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3143:See 3 rockets
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3112:
3109:
3089:
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4393:at Wiktionary
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2038:Space Shuttle
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1418:Long March 2F
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1358:Space Shuttle
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766:
762:
761:space tourism
755:Space tourism
748:
744:
742:
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733:
731:
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724:
723:orbital speed
720:
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643:Space Shuttle
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520:missile range
517:
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389:Intergalactic
387:
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283:Space Shuttle
281:
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160:
155:
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147:
146:Mars missions
144:
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139:
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109:
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82:
76:
72:
67:
63:
59:
52:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
6141:
6105:Space launch
6090:Interstellar
6056:Destinations
5825:Apollo–Soyuz
5774:Space diving
5759:Space toilet
5583:Applications
5500:Soviet Union
5460:Space policy
5455:Space launch
5238:Resolute Bay
4825:Government:
4768:Kapustin Yar
4604:government:
4492:government:
4467:
4389:
4350:. Retrieved
4346:
4336:
4309:
4305:
4295:
4283:. Retrieved
4279:
4269:
4257:. Retrieved
4243:
4224:
4218:
4203:
4191:. Retrieved
4187:
4178:
4170:the original
4160:
4152:the original
4138:
4126:. Retrieved
4112:
4100:. Retrieved
4091:
4082:
4074:the original
4069:
4060:
4050:
4042:
4034:the original
4029:
4020:
4012:the original
4007:
3987:the original
3982:
3973:
3965:the original
3960:
3951:
3939:. Retrieved
3925:
3917:the original
3912:
3892:the original
3887:
3884:"Hammaguira"
3878:
3870:the original
3865:
3841:. Retrieved
3832:
3788:. Retrieved
3779:
3769:
3761:the original
3756:
3753:"Vandenberg"
3747:
3739:the original
3734:
3714:the original
3709:
3700:
3688:. Retrieved
3684:the original
3673:
3661:. Retrieved
3646:
3638:the original
3633:
3624:
3612:. Retrieved
3601:
3591:
3579:. Retrieved
3570:
3561:
3544:
3525:
3519:
3508:
3500:the original
3490:
3478:. Retrieved
3469:
3459:
3383:Range safety
3340:
3301:Solar System
3286:
3283:Beyond Earth
3269:SpaceShipOne
3264:White Knight
3193:
3176:
3068:New Zealand
2937:South Korea
2902:North Korea
2626:Barents Sea
2551:
2545:
2105:Prospero X-3
2046:Falcon Heavy
1574:(operators)
1544:
1533:
1527:
1521:
1518:Kármán line:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1506:
1496:
1490:
1475:
1342:Apollo–Soyuz
781:
773:
758:
738:
734:
727:
715:
707:polar orbits
692:
680:
676:SpaceShipOne
665:
658:
651:
627:
619:Yuri Gagarin
616:
598:in southern
593:
585:World War II
566:
535:
524:
519:
516:rocket range
515:
507:
505:
488:
484:
476:
472:
470:
412:Space forces
384:Interstellar
323:
317:Space launch
159:Applications
136:Space probes
62:
6063:Sub-orbital
5998:Space probe
5864:New Shepard
5842:Shuttle–Mir
5601:Archaeology
5554:Space force
5537:Moon Treaty
5409:Spaceflight
5220:Australia:
5089:Indonesia:
4924:Australia:
4662:Sary Shagan
4611:Tanegashima
4556:Pameungpeuk
4549:Indonesia:
4128:30 November
4004:"Svobodniy"
3581:24 December
3388:Spaceflight
3322:propellants
3210:Spacecraft
3196:sub-orbital
3135: [
3103: [
2716:Minotaur IV
2629:1998, 2006
2101:Black Arrow
2084:1967, 1971
1899:A (France)
1720:Minotaur IV
1608:Kazakhstan
1535:Soyuz MS-10
1523:Soyuz T-10a
1460:New Shepard
1455:New Shepard
1385:Crew Dragon
1065:Soyuz TMA-M
800:Spacecraft
741:sub-orbital
589:White Sands
573:V-2 rockets
512:launch pads
369:Sub-orbital
293:Spaceplanes
242:Space probe
176:Exploration
94:Spaceflight
77:launch pad)
6226:Spaceports
6220:Categories
6132:Launch pad
6123:Expendable
6073:Geocentric
6040:Solar sail
5983:Spaceplane
5943:Spacecraft
5737:Space suit
5715:commercial
5643:Television
5438:Space Race
5269:Peenemünde
5233:Hall Beach
5194:Historical
5135:Sutherland
5058:Sea Launch
5031:/ France:
4951:Rocket Lab
4882:Corn Ranch
4872:Poker Flat
4868:Academic:
4694:Pakistan:
4639:/ Russia:
4635:Kazakhstan
4468:Spaceports
4377:Spaceports
4259:7 December
3909:"Plesetsk"
3706:"Baikonur"
3451:References
3352:Launch pad
3204:Spaceport
3028:Long March
2825:2008–2009
2795:Minotaur V
2787:Minotaur I
2681:Sea Launch
2675:Sea Launch
2662:1999–2014
2640:(Russia),
2597:1997–2006
2476:Long March
2419:Long March
2081:Australia
1980:1967–1988
1888:1965–1967
1856:1962–2008
1823:1961–1985
1569:planetary
1560:(orbital)
1552:Spaceport
1498:Challenger
1447:Corn Ranch
1425:5–7, 9–17
1374:1981–2011
1352:1973–1975
1327:1968–1972
1231:1965–1966
1204:1962–1963
1129:16–22, 24
1107:2016–2019
1076:2010–2016
1045:2002–2011
1018:1987–2002
987:1980–1986
921:1967–1981
886:1964–1965
859:1961–1963
789:Spaceport
612:Kazakh SSR
600:Kazakhstan
577:Peenemünde
567:The first
557:Peenemünde
489:cosmodrome
481:spacecraft
477:cosmodrome
334:Expendable
329:Launch pad
219:Spacecraft
201:Telescopes
196:Settlement
191:Navigation
126:Space Race
18:Cosmodrome
6142:Spaceport
5993:Satellite
5710:Astronaut
5638:Telephone
5591:Astronomy
5512:Space law
5465:Australia
5356:Kronogård
5257:Germany:
5228:Churchill
5222:Carnarvon
5209:Hammaguir
5185:El Hierro
5164:Ellington
5016:Alcântara
4878:Private:
4714:Vostochny
4709:Roscosmos
4641:Roscosmos
4624:Space One
4616:Uchinoura
4594:Palmachim
4390:spaceport
4328:1875-0281
4102:1 October
3979:"Taiyuan"
3957:"Xichang"
3790:1 October
3780:Space.com
3603:The Verge
3318:lunar ice
2998:Vostochny
2671:Zenit-3SL
2553:Stargazer
2389:List SDSC
1999:, Italy)
1945:Tsyklon-3
1928:>1,500
1615:>1,000
1567:or inter-
1555:Location
1333:Saturn IB
1242:Saturn IB
1034:Soyuz-TMA
797:Launcher
672:privately
639:Apollo 11
604:Sputnik 1
506:The term
485:spaceport
473:spaceport
417:Companies
324:Spaceport
237:Satellite
181:Espionage
58:Cosmodome
6194:Category
5859:Tiangong
5854:Shenzhou
5783:Programs
5628:Internet
5433:Timeline
5341:Svobodny
5303:Nii-jima
5286:Balasore
5278:Greece:
5226:Canada:
5159:Colorado
5145:States:
5130:SaxaVord
5117:Sweden:
5111:Hokkaido
5077:Canada:
5071:Proposed
5027:Europe:
5005:Brazil:
4962:Marshall
4943:Koonibba
4792:Sweden:
4773:Plesetsk
4761:Russia:
4743:Norway:
4707:Russia:
4701:Sonmiani
4650:Baikonur
4600:Japanese
4587:Israel:
4509:Wenchang
4420:Archived
4253:Archived
4232:Archived
4122:Archived
4096:Archived
4026:"Kodiak"
3935:Archived
3843:23 April
3837:Archived
3784:Archived
3663:28 April
3657:Archived
3608:Archived
3575:Archived
3474:Archived
3345:See also
3179:Qaem 100
3081:Electron
2879:Zuljanah
2841:Falcon 1
2835:Falcon 1
2559:Various
2157:SS-520-5
2093:Redstone
2042:Falcon 9
1997:Sapienza
1792:Falcon 9
1788:Minotaur
1724:Vanguard
1716:Falcon 9
1577:Sources
1565:to orbit
1563:Launches
1529:STS-51-L
1508:Columbia
1493:STS-51-L
1486:Soyuz 34
1482:Soyuz 20
1423:Shenzhou
1380:Falcon 9
1307:Saturn V
1215:Titan II
1161:Redstone
1127:Soyuz MS
1096:Soyuz MS
1091:Soyuz-FG
1060:Soyuz-FG
1029:Soyuz-FG
1007:Soyuz-TM
1002:Soyuz-U2
971:Soyuz-U2
803:Flights
794:complex
689:Location
338:reusable
186:Military
86:a series
84:Part of
6068:Orbital
5869:Artemis
5800:Voskhod
5795:Mercury
5703:General
5443:Records
5428:History
5416:General
5362:Edwards
5351:Sweden:
5345:Spain:
5336:Okhotsk
5325:Tonghae
5296:Japan:
5290:Italy:
5284:India:
5244:Guangde
5242:China:
5214:Reggane
5174:Midland
5102:Japan:
5083:India:
4978:States:
4966:Islands
4931:Woomera
4918:Oceania
4887:Pacific
4862:Wallops
4857:Kennedy
4800:Esrange
4779:Spain:
4755:SvalRak
4696:SUPARCO
4531:India:
4514:Xichang
4504:Taiyuan
4499:Jiuquan
4488:Chinese
4352:25 July
4347:Science
4285:25 July
4280:Science
4120:. NTI.
3690:26 June
3614:9 April
3132:CERES-1
2993:Soyuz-2
2980:Russia
2875:Simorgh
2791:Antares
2739:Russia
2654:Odyssey
2642:Volna-O
2606:Start-1
2594:Russia
2576:Pegasus
2571:Pegasus
2547:Balls 8
2521:Israel
2216:Soyuz-2
2208:Diamant
2153:Epsilon
2003:Broglio
1921:Russia
1903:Diamant
1897:Diamant
1853:Russia
1759:>700
1687:>400
1644:Energia
1636:Tsyklon
1537:(2018)
1531:(1986)
1525:(1983)
1503:STS-107
1478:Soyuz 2
1430:Orbital
1391:Orbital
1370:Orbital
1365:1-135‡
1348:Orbital
1280:Orbital
1269:Atlas V
1254:Orbital
1227:Orbital
1200:Orbital
1193:Mercury
1166:Mercury
1134:Orbital
1122:Soyuz-2
1103:Orbital
1072:Orbital
1041:Orbital
1014:Orbital
998:Soyuz-U
983:Orbital
976:Soyuz-T
967:Soyuz-U
917:Orbital
912:1–40 †
905:Soyuz-U
882:Orbital
875:Voskhod
870:Voskhod
855:Orbital
719:delta-v
695:equator
581:Germany
569:rockets
548:History
538:runways
374:Orbital
206:Tourism
114:History
6205:Portal
6198:
6187:
6003:Lander
5956:Rocket
5820:Skylab
5815:Apollo
5805:Gemini
5790:Vostok
5495:Russia
5353:
5331:Kheysa
5308:Obachi
5280:Koroni
5259:Blizna
5255:
5249:Nanhui
5182:
5180:Spain:
5143:
5141:United
4980:
4976:
4974:United
4972:
4968:
4964:
4897:Mojave
4797:
4750:Andøya
4737:Europe
4637:
4602:
4569:Semnan
4562:Iran:
4543:Thumba
4490:
4475:Active
4326:
4193:6 June
3941:26 May
3552:
3532:
3480:1 July
3337:Impact
3330:Phobos
3216:Years
3163:2020–
3114:2019–
3071:2018–
3019:2016–
3016:China
2983:2016–
2958:Naro-1
2949:Naro-1
2940:2013–
2914:Unha-3
2905:2012–
2862:2009–
2814:Omelek
2777:2006–
2742:2006–
2721:Kodiak
2712:Athena
2702:2001–
2647:Shtil'
2638:Shtil'
2562:1990–
2538:Shavit
2533:Shavit
2524:1988–
2467:1988–
2464:China
2410:1984–
2407:China
2356:1979–
2353:India
2306:1975–
2303:Japan
2244:1970–
2241:China
2212:Ariane
2210:, 227
2198:1970–
2139:1970–
2136:Japan
2114:WRESAT
2109:Europa
2097:WRESAT
2055:Saturn
2036:, 135
2034:Saturn
2024:1967–
1977:Kenya
1953:Angara
1941:Kosmos
1924:1966–
1865:Kosmos
1784:Athena
1780:Taurus
1755:1959–
1712:Athena
1708:Saturn
1683:1958–
1660:Strela
1632:Proton
1628:Kosmos
1611:1957–
1470:2021–
1434:2003–
1413:Area 4
1395:2020–
1338:Skylab
1312:Apollo
1284:2024–
1247:Apollo
1220:Gemini
1138:2020–
1113:Site 1
1082:Site 1
1051:Site 1
1024:Site 1
993:Site 1
958:Site 1
927:Site 1
892:Site 1
865:Site 1
848:Vostok
843:Vostok
838:Site 1
806:Years
792:Launch
705:. For
683:SpaceX
298:Vostok
38:,
34:,
6008:Rover
5810:Soyuz
5633:Radio
5490:Japan
5485:India
5470:China
5360:USA:
5313:Ryori
5298:Akita
5204:CIEES
5169:Maine
5149:Cecil
5091:LAPAN
5079:Canso
4675:Sohae
4551:LAPAN
4522:HICAL
4148:MSNBC
3416:Notes
3276:2004
3246:1963
3173:Qased
3160:Iran
3139:]
3107:]
3034:, 12
2919:K3-U2
2884:Safir
2871:Safir
2859:Iran
2837:(US)
2756:Dnepr
2751:Dnepr
2494:, 15
2490:, 25
2478:: 16
2441:, 15
2437:, 42
2433:, 25
2429:, 11
2370:, 60
2332:H-IIA
2330:, 36
2268:, 13
2264:, 36
2260:, 20
2218:, 11
2214:, 16
2044:, 10
2040:, 63
1989:Scout
1957:Start
1949:Rokot
1937:Soyuz
1881:CIEES
1836:6+13
1832:Scout
1776:Titan
1772:Atlas
1768:Scout
1764:Delta
1704:Titan
1700:Atlas
1696:Scout
1692:Delta
1656:Rokot
1648:Dnepr
1640:Zenit
1624:Soyuz
1558:Years
1466:Sub-O
1340:2–4,
1314:8–17
1302:LC-39
1264:LC-41
1258:1968
1237:LC-34
1222:3–12
1210:LC-19
1188:Atlas
1183:LC-14
1177:1961
1173:Sub-O
1067:1–20
1036:1–22
1009:2–34
978:2–15
952:1975
948:Sub-O
941:Soyuz
936:Soyuz
910:Soyuz
901:Soyuz
6170:Pass
6125:and
5367:WSSH
5253:Nazi
5125:UKSA
5106:Oita
5096:Biak
5033:CNES
4926:RAAF
4892:MARS
4852:NASA
4827:USSF
4781:INTA
4745:NOSA
4688:Naro
4683:KARI
4670:NADA
4606:JAXA
4576:IRGC
4533:ISRO
4494:CNSA
4482:Asia
4354:2024
4324:ISSN
4287:2024
4261:2012
4195:2022
4130:2017
4104:2021
3943:2009
3845:2022
3792:2021
3692:2006
3665:2007
3616:2016
3583:2010
3550:ISBN
3530:ISBN
3482:2020
3378:Port
3293:Mars
3289:Moon
3239:X-15
3234:B-52
3130:, 1
3126:, 1
3038:, 2
3030:: 9
2962:Nuri
2953:Nuri
2800:MARS
2793:, 1
2789:, 6
2714:, 2
2498:, 2
2496:LM4C
2492:LM4B
2488:LM4A
2486:, 2
2484:LM2D
2482:, 2
2480:LM2C
2443:LM3C
2439:LM3B
2435:LM3A
2427:LM2E
2425:, 5
2423:LM2C
2421:: 6
2384:SSLV
2382:, 2
2380:LVM3
2378:, 7
2376:GSLV
2374:, 16
2372:PSLV
2368:ASLV
2366:, 4
2328:H-II
2326:, 6
2322:, 9
2320:N-II
2318:, 8
2282:LM11
2280:, 3
2278:LM4C
2276:, 5
2274:LM4B
2272:, 3
2270:LM2F
2266:LM2D
2262:LM2C
2258:LM2A
2256:, 3
2220:Vega
2155:, 1
2151:, 3
2103:(UK
2048:, 1
1995:and
1796:Thor
1732:Thor
1728:Juno
1368:134
1195:6–9
1168:3–4
1156:LC-5
943:18a
877:1–2
850:1–6
759:The
709:and
652:The
542:HTHL
336:and
69:The
5837:Mir
5029:ESA
5011:AEB
5007:FAB
4983:DoD
4794:SSC
4763:VKS
4721:VKS
4657:VKS
4645:VKS
4629:Kii
4589:ISA
4564:ISA
4314:doi
3128:SD3
3079:21
3040:LM8
3036:LM7
3032:LM5
2500:LM6
2431:LM3
2414:183
2364:SLV
2359:93
2324:H-I
2316:N-I
2254:LM1
2248:121
2202:318
2147:27
2118:X-3
2107:),
2099:),
2059:STS
2050:SLS
2032:17
2028:187
1993:ASI
1933:R-7
1620:R-7
1488:).
1428:12
1389:11
1363:STS
1319:Lun
1317:10
1225:10
1101:13
1070:20
1039:22
1012:33
981:14
915:37
608:U-2
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3023:23
2991:8
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2833:5
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2785:5
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2566:39
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2550:,
2471:62
2362:4
2314:6
2310:65
2252:2
2206:7
2168:,
2164:,
2149:Mu
2143:31
2116:,
2063:F9
2061:,
2057:,
1955:,
1951:,
1947:,
1943:,
1939:,
1860:85
1827:19
1798:,
1794:,
1790:,
1786:,
1782:,
1778:,
1774:,
1770:,
1766:,
1730:,
1726:,
1722:,
1718:,
1714:,
1710:,
1706:,
1702:,
1698:,
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1658:,
1654:,
1652:N1
1650:,
1646:,
1642:,
1638:,
1634:,
1630:,
1626:,
1491:‡
1484:,
1480:,
1464:6
1346:4
1323:Or
1278:1
1252:1
1249:7
1198:4
1171:2
1132:8
1117:31
1115:,
1086:31
1084:,
1055:31
1053:,
1000:,
969:,
962:31
960:,
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931:31
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903:,
896:31
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880:2
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