498:
565:, the "unnecessary" radicalism of the shock therapy in the 1970s caused mass unemployment, loss of purchasing power, extreme inequalities in the distribution of income, and severe socioeconomic damage. He argues that the 1982 crises as well as the "success" of the pragmatic economic policy after 1982 proves that the radical economic policy of the Chicago boys harmed the Chilean economy from 1973 to 1981 though the economy of Chile recovered quickly and continued to rise rapidly over time.
20:
554:
44:
353:. They closed down the congress, imposed censorship, limited civil rights and arrested thousands of people from leftists to center democrats. Upon taking over power, the military junta under the command of General Pinochet set out to implement a series of neo-liberal economic policies based on the
395:
in Chile, which would have hampered investment in productive activities. In fact, from 1979 to 1982, much of the spending in Chile was the consumption of goods and services. Foreign loans given to
Chilean companies started to decline in late 1981 reaching the point of becoming negligible one year
470:. Financial societies (CompañĂa General, Cash, Capitales and del Sur) were also bailed out. Banco de Talca and Banco Español Chile were nationalized, removing the management and wresting ownership from shareholders (they were later privatized again).
344:
presidency, and the subsequent
Chilean economic crisis which reached its zenith during 1973, the Armed Forces following the orders of the military junta and with the support of the United States government executed a
189:
1550:
205:
467:
532:
Supporters of the neoliberal policy of the military dictatorship have argued that the crisis started outside Chile and hit the whole of Latin
America in the so-called
121:
459:
2422:
421:
1785:
295:
2320:
463:
357:. In 1973, only a little bit over two years of regulatory policies established by Allende, the military junta decided to reform the economy, and the
2305:
2282:
367:. In 1979 however, Chile decided to depart from the principle of free floating exchange rates, with disastrous results. From 1976 onwards import
767:
489:
contracted during the crisis, but recovery was fast after 1984. The number of farm bankruptcies in Chile increased from 1979 to its 1983 peak.
58:
2385:
2267:
2206:
2169:
2003:
629:
President
Richard Nixon had ordered the CIA to "make the economy scream" in Chile to "prevent Allende from coming to power or to unseat him,"
2327:
1866:
321:
2251:
2111:
2010:
931:
2118:
1961:
1594:
550:
blames precisely the country's departure from the neoliberal model and political interventions in matters such as the
Chilean peso.
151:
139:
2275:
2192:
2162:
2045:
2038:
1982:
1975:
1843:
1532:
2349:
1968:
1221:
1142:
288:
2155:
2059:
2024:
1881:
1719:
1214:
1836:
1749:
1498:
1490:
743:
473:
On
January 13, 1983, the government made a massive bank intervention, bailing out five banks and dissolving three others.
2184:
1453:
546:
have countered that the type of crisis is a frequently inherent weakness of the neoliberal model. In contrast, economist
350:
2412:
2213:
845:
281:
2427:
2342:
2148:
1800:
1667:
1417:
857:
215:
78:
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The government response to the crisis priorized the preservation of the international markets over the placation of
1587:
1199:
1989:
1763:
1250:
2177:
2141:
2052:
1954:
924:
337:
346:
2432:
2378:
2313:
2017:
1888:
1829:
1682:
510:
443:
156:
2080:
1924:
1917:
1874:
1822:
1756:
1354:
267:
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In
November 1981, banks were bailed out by the government after they had taken excessive risks: the large
2236:
2228:
1902:
1895:
1815:
1742:
1734:
1726:
1704:
1103:
354:
262:
600:
2220:
2125:
1931:
1609:
1372:
878:
615:"Chile and the United States: Declassified Documents Relating to the Military Coup, September 11, 1973"
574:
161:
2417:
2335:
2259:
2031:
1514:
917:
735:
Calming the storms : the carry trade, the banking school and
British financial crises since 1825
171:
106:
30:
1506:
416:
in Chile fell in 1983 to levels below those of 1960. Incomes fell as salaries were not adjusted for
1996:
1659:
1631:
1468:
674:
2371:
2289:
1793:
1696:
1297:
830:
807:
43:
2407:
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2066:
1461:
1312:
1305:
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882:
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1543:
1206:
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1094:
562:
497:
428:
2243:
2073:
1617:
1229:
1134:
1126:
1038:
482:
789:
Rytkönen, P. 2004. Fruits of
Capitalism: Modernization of Chilean Agriculture, 1950-2000.
534:
516:
In the years after the crisis, the economic policy of the dictatorship changed to include
8:
2199:
1909:
1807:
1712:
1572:
1424:
1342:
1176:
1001:
614:
210:
116:
111:
83:
1082:
761:
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417:
146:
126:
654:
Historia contemporánea de Chile III. La economĂa: mercados empresarios y trabajadores.
1168:
1151:
1052:
853:
749:
739:
486:
413:
825:
2133:
1648:
1643:
1059:
1031:
1008:
940:
405:
361:
were permitted to implement some of the neoliberal economical policies outlined in
256:
23:
Growth rate of Chile's GDP (orange) and Latin
America (blue) between 1971 and 2007
2093:
1943:
1778:
1624:
1580:
1479:
980:
894:
657:
547:
539:
432:
313:
88:
1858:
1770:
1045:
1024:
455:
753:
2401:
1521:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1410:
1394:
1386:
1379:
1365:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1236:
1075:
1068:
994:
966:
436:
409:
401:
397:
392:
372:
371:
decreased strongly impacting negatively the Chilean production aimed for the
341:
220:
509:
The crisis has been credited of beginning, despite its severe repression, a
1850:
1601:
1402:
973:
733:
384:
358:
238:
63:
19:
2104:
1561:
1160:
1017:
987:
812:
661:
543:
431:
before the crisis led to the bankruptcy of several processing companies.
363:
244:
553:
439:, went bankrupt because of a short-term gains policy by its new owners.
517:
502:
166:
73:
388:
952:
909:
68:
368:
317:
195:
35:
713:
Leiva L., Jorge (1984). "EvoluciĂłn de la Crisis EconĂłmica".
435:, a sugar company that had belonged to the state before its
336:
After the socialist reorientation of the economy during the
675:"The Political Economy of Unilateral Trade Liberalization"
325:
601:
La transformaciĂłn econĂłmica de chilena entre 1973-2003
404:
using the nineteenth-century Banking School theory of
1258:
Post-Napoleonic Irish grain price and land use shocks
349:
and demobilized the forces loyal to Allende like the
383:The 1982 crisis has been traced to the overvalued
2399:
843:
837:
396:later. Events can also be explained in terms of
826:What We Can Learn From Chile's Financial Crisis
387:, which had been helped by being pegged to the
816:. January 12, 2008. Retrieved on May 15, 2012.
808:A 25 años de la intervención bancaria en Chile
2386:List of stock market crashes and bear markets
925:
834:. September 29, 2008. Retrieved May 14, 2012.
289:
844:Friedman, Milton; Friedman, Rose D. (1998).
328:fell 14.3%, and unemployment rose to 23.7%.
881:, Helmut WittelsbĂĽrger, Albrecht von Hoff,
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
698:
501:Pamphlet calling for a protest including a
2423:Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990)
932:
918:
803:
801:
799:
766:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
476:
296:
282:
2207:2015–2016 Chinese stock market turbulence
893:Helmut WittelsbĂĽrger, Albrecht von Hoff:
785:
783:
781:
779:
777:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
896:Chiles Weg zur Sozialen Marktwirtschaft.
883:Chile's Way to the Social Market Economy
721:. Academia de Humanismo Cristiano: 3–71.
712:
695:
552:
496:
420:. Around half a million persons were on
322:military government of Chile (1973–1990)
18:
901:Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung -Auslandsinfo.
796:
2400:
2112:Venezuelan banking crisis of 2009–2010
1882:South American economic crisis of 2002
1779:Black Wednesday (1992 Sterling crisis)
774:
634:
412:had risen to over 17 billion dollars.
2163:2013 Chinese banking liquidity crisis
2119:2010–2014 Portuguese financial crisis
1595:Secondary banking crisis of 1973–1975
913:
592:
590:
449:
2193:Russian financial crisis (2014–2016)
2046:2008–2011 Icelandic financial crisis
2039:2008–2009 Ukrainian financial crisis
2004:2000s U.S. housing market correction
1844:1998–2002 Argentine great depression
939:
731:
505:(a banging of pots and pans) in 1983
199:(Production Development Corporation)
2350:2023–2024 Egyptian financial crisis
2185:Puerto Rican government-debt crisis
2178:2014–2016 Brazilian economic crisis
1551:1963–1965 Indonesian hyperinflation
1454:Shanghai rubber stock market crisis
1143:Dutch Republic stock market crashes
13:
2156:2012–2013 Cypriot financial crisis
2060:2008–2014 Spanish financial crisis
2032:2008–2009 Russian financial crisis
2025:2008–2009 Belgian financial crisis
1720:1988–1992 Norwegian banking crisis
1215:British credit crisis of 1772–1773
738:. Cham, Switzerland. p. 286.
587:
527:
14:
2444:
2343:2023 United States banking crisis
2149:2011 Bangladesh share market scam
1837:1998–1999 Ecuador economic crisis
1801:Venezuelan banking crisis of 1994
1727:Japanese asset price bubble crash
1668:Souk Al-Manakh stock market crash
1418:Australian banking crisis of 1893
1222:Dutch Republic financial collapse
378:
190:Copper mining during World War II
1200:Amsterdam banking crisis of 1763
791:Lund Studies in Economic History
427:In agriculture, the entrance of
42:
1925:2007 Chinese stock bubble crash
1251:Danish state bankruptcy of 1813
887:
872:
2306:Chinese property sector crisis
2214:2015–2016 stock market selloff
2142:August 2011 stock markets fall
2053:2008–2011 Irish banking crisis
1750:1990s Swedish financial crisis
1499:Weimar Republic hyperinflation
819:
725:
607:
557:Chile inflation rate 1971-1994
538:(The Lost Decade). Historians
511:wave of protest all over Chile
468:Banco de Fomento de ValparaĂso
338:presidency of Salvador Allende
1:
2379:List of sovereign debt crises
2321:2022 Russian financial crisis
2018:2008 Latvian financial crisis
2011:U.S. bear market of 2007–2009
1889:Stock market downturn of 2002
1830:1998 Russian financial crisis
1683:1983 Israel bank stock crisis
580:
331:
2081:Greek government-debt crisis
1918:2004 Argentine energy crisis
1875:2001 Turkish economic crisis
1764:1990s Armenian energy crisis
1757:1990s Finnish banking crisis
1618:1976 British currency crisis
1588:1973–1974 stock market crash
492:
7:
2237:2017 Sri Lankan fuel crisis
1903:2003 Myanmar banking crisis
1896:2002 Uruguay banking crisis
1816:1997 Asian financial crisis
1743:1991 Indian economic crisis
1735:Rhode Island banking crisis
1705:Cameroonian economic crisis
1491:Early Soviet hyperinflation
1104:Crisis of the Third Century
850:University of Chicago Press
568:
355:Chicago school of economics
351:Revolutionary Left Movement
340:, economic sabotage by the
10:
2449:
2268:Sri Lankan economic crisis
2126:Energy crisis in Venezuela
2105:2009 Dubai debt standstill
1955:2007–2008 financial crisis
1610:Latin American debt crisis
1373:Paris Bourse crash of 1882
879:Konrad Adenauer Foundation
575:Latin American debt crisis
520:for some foodstuffs and a
513:against the dictatorship.
162:Tierra del Fuego gold rush
2413:Economic history of Chile
2359:
2336:2022 stock market decline
2328:Pakistani economic crisis
2314:2021–2023 inflation surge
2260:Lebanese liquidity crisis
2229:Venezuelan hyperinflation
2221:Brexit stock market crash
2170:Venezuela economic crisis
2092:
1942:
1932:Zimbabwean hyperinflation
1642:
1560:
1531:
1515:Wall Street Crash of 1929
1478:
1355:2nd Industrial Revolution
1353:
1289:
1189:1st Industrial Revolution
1187:
1114:
1092:
947:
485:except fruit exports and
2428:1982 in economic history
1997:Subprime mortgage crisis
1660:Brazilian hyperinflation
1632:Brazilian hyperinflation
1469:Financial crisis of 1914
1177:Mississippi bubble crash
152:"Oreros" and "Papeleros"
16:Economic crisis in Chile
2372:List of economic crises
2290:2020 stock market crash
2283:Financial market impact
2252:Turkish economic crisis
1867:9/11 stock market crash
1823:October 1997 mini-crash
1794:1994 bond market crisis
1786:Yugoslav hyperinflation
1697:Savings and loan crisis
1298:European potato failure
831:The Wall Street Journal
810:. Economia y negocios.
477:Agriculture contraction
2365:List of banking crises
2134:Syrian economic crisis
2067:Blue Monday Crash 2009
1676:Chilean crisis of 1982
1507:ShĹŤwa financial crisis
1313:Highland Potato Famine
1169:South Sea bubble crash
960:Commodity price shocks
732:Read, Charles (2022).
558:
522:floating exchange rate
506:
216:Copper nationalization
206:UN Economic Commission
24:
1690:Black Saturday (1983)
1544:Kennedy Slide of 1962
1116:Commercial revolution
563:Ricardo Ffrench-Davis
556:
500:
422:employment programmes
22:
2433:Agriculture in Chile
2244:Ghana banking crisis
2074:European debt crisis
1859:Dot-com bubble crash
1771:Cuban Special Period
1230:Copper Panic of 1789
1135:The Great Debasement
1127:Great Bullion Famine
903:1/2004, pp. 97, 104.
899:(PDF; 118 kB);
233:Return of liberalism
2200:2015 Nepal blockade
1910:2000s energy crisis
1808:Mexican peso crisis
1713:Black Monday (1987)
1573:1970s energy crisis
1533:Post–WWII expansion
1207:Bengal bubble crash
1002:Financial contagion
715:Coyuntura EconĂłmica
483:Chilean agriculture
460:Banco Español Chile
429:speculative capital
408:. By 1982, Chile's
1462:Panic of 1910–1911
1306:Great Irish Famine
1244:Panic of 1796–1797
1083:Stock market crash
846:"Two Lucky People"
619:nsarchive2.gwu.edu
604:. Memoria Chilena.
559:
507:
450:Bank interventions
391:, and to the high
268:2004 energy crisis
157:Sheep-farming boom
140:Saltpetre Republic
25:
2395:
2394:
2276:COVID-19 pandemic
1161:Tulip mania crash
1152:Kipper und Wipper
1129:(c. 1400–c. 1500)
745:978-3-031-11914-9
535:La DĂ©cada Perdida
414:Income per capita
306:
305:
122:Early coal mining
107:Independence debt
2440:
2418:Financial crises
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2069:
2062:
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2034:
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2020:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1935:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1905:
1898:
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1884:
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1870:
1862:
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1832:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1730:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1700:
1692:
1685:
1678:
1671:
1663:
1649:Great Regression
1644:Great Moderation
1635:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1605:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1553:
1546:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1449:
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1428:
1420:
1413:
1406:
1398:
1390:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1346:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1261:
1253:
1246:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1217:
1210:
1202:
1180:
1172:
1164:
1156:
1146:
1138:
1130:
1107:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1032:Liquidity crisis
1027:
1020:
1011:
1009:Social contagion
1004:
997:
990:
983:
976:
969:
962:
955:
941:Financial crises
934:
927:
920:
911:
910:
904:
891:
885:
876:
870:
869:
867:
866:
841:
835:
823:
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794:
787:
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771:
765:
757:
729:
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710:
693:
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690:
689:
679:
671:
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651:
632:
631:
626:
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611:
605:
598:
594:
464:Banco de Linares
406:financial crises
298:
291:
284:
257:Miracle of Chile
200:
172:Great Depression
84:Century of wheat
46:
31:Economic history
27:
26:
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2447:
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2110:
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2096:
2094:Information Age
2088:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1944:Great Recession
1938:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1908:
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1880:
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1703:
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1651:
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1638:
1630:
1625:1979 oil crisis
1623:
1616:
1608:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1581:1973 oil crisis
1579:
1571:
1564:
1562:Great Inflation
1556:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1505:
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1480:Interwar period
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1016:
1007:
1000:
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986:
981:Currency crisis
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658:Gabriel Salazar
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608:
596:
595:
588:
583:
571:
548:Milton Friedman
540:Gabriel Salazar
530:
528:Academic debate
495:
481:All sectors of
479:
452:
444:internal unrest
381:
373:internal market
334:
314:economic crisis
302:
273:
272:
234:
226:
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202:
198:
197:
185:
184:Internal growth
177:
176:
142:
132:
131:
127:Long Depression
102:
94:
93:
89:Bourbon reforms
59:Colonial mining
54:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2354:
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2332:
2330:(2022–present)
2324:
2317:
2310:
2308:(2020–present)
2302:
2301:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2272:
2270:(2019–present)
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2262:(2019–present)
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2254:(2018–present)
2248:
2240:
2233:
2225:
2217:
2210:
2203:
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2181:
2174:
2172:(2013–present)
2166:
2159:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2136:(2011–present)
2130:
2128:(2010–present)
2122:
2115:
2108:
2100:
2098:
2097:(2009–present)
2090:
2089:
2087:
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2085:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
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2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1962:September 2008
1950:
1948:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1934:(2007–present)
1928:
1921:
1914:
1906:
1899:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1863:
1855:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1804:
1797:
1790:
1782:
1775:
1767:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1716:
1709:
1701:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1664:
1655:
1653:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1606:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1568:
1566:
1558:
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1555:
1554:
1547:
1539:
1537:
1529:
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1526:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1495:
1486:
1484:
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1473:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1450:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1399:
1391:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1350:
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1339:
1332:
1325:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1262:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1224:(c. 1780–1795)
1218:
1211:
1203:
1195:
1193:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1173:
1165:
1157:
1147:
1145:(c. 1600–1760)
1139:
1131:
1122:
1120:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1099:
1097:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1028:
1025:Hyperinflation
1021:
1014:
1013:
1012:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
963:
956:
948:
945:
944:
937:
936:
929:
922:
914:
906:
905:
886:
871:
858:
836:
818:
795:
773:
744:
724:
717:(in Spanish).
694:
666:
633:
606:
585:
584:
582:
579:
578:
577:
570:
567:
529:
526:
494:
491:
478:
475:
462:and the small
456:Banco de Talca
451:
448:
398:interest rates
393:interest rates
380:
379:Boom and burst
377:
333:
330:
310:Crisis of 1982
304:
303:
301:
300:
293:
286:
278:
275:
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143:
138:
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124:
119:
114:
109:
103:
101:Early republic
100:
99:
96:
95:
92:
91:
86:
81:
79:Alerce logging
76:
71:
66:
61:
55:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2445:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2408:1982 in Chile
2406:
2405:
2403:
2387:
2383:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2358:
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2265:
2261:
2257:
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2249:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2082:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1983:December 2008
1980:
1977:
1976:November 2008
1973:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1933:
1929:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1523:
1522:Panic of 1930
1519:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1447:Panic of 1907
1444:
1441:
1440:Panic of 1901
1437:
1434:
1433:Panic of 1896
1430:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1411:Panic of 1893
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1395:Baring crisis
1392:
1388:
1387:Arendal crash
1384:
1381:
1380:Panic of 1884
1377:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1366:Panic of 1873
1363:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1336:Panic of 1866
1333:
1330:
1329:Panic of 1857
1326:
1323:
1322:Panic of 1847
1319:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1281:
1280:Panic of 1837
1277:
1274:
1273:Panic of 1825
1270:
1267:
1266:Panic of 1819
1263:
1259:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1237:Panic of 1792
1234:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1091:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1076:Social crisis
1073:
1070:
1069:Minsky moment
1066:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1003:
999:
996:
995:Energy crisis
992:
989:
985:
982:
978:
975:
971:
968:
967:Credit crunch
964:
961:
957:
954:
950:
949:
946:
942:
935:
930:
928:
923:
921:
916:
915:
912:
902:
898:
897:
890:
884:
880:
875:
861:
859:9780226264158
855:
851:
847:
840:
833:
832:
827:
822:
815:
814:
809:
804:
802:
800:
792:
786:
784:
782:
780:
778:
769:
763:
755:
751:
747:
741:
737:
736:
728:
720:
716:
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
699:
683:
676:
670:
663:
659:
655:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
630:
620:
616:
610:
603:
602:
593:
591:
586:
576:
573:
572:
566:
564:
561:According to
555:
551:
549:
545:
541:
537:
536:
525:
523:
519:
514:
512:
504:
499:
490:
488:
484:
474:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
447:
445:
440:
438:
437:privatization
434:
430:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:external debt
407:
403:
402:capital flows
399:
394:
390:
386:
376:
374:
370:
366:
365:
360:
356:
352:
348:
343:
339:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
299:
294:
292:
287:
285:
280:
279:
277:
276:
269:
266:
264:
261:
258:
254:
252:
249:
247:
246:
242:
240:
237:
236:
230:
229:
222:
221:Vuskovic plan
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
201:
193:
191:
188:
187:
181:
180:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
147:Saltpetre War
145:
144:
141:
136:
135:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
104:
98:
97:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
75:
72:
70:
67:
65:
62:
60:
57:
56:
50:
49:
45:
41:
40:
37:
34:
29:
28:
21:
1969:October 2008
1851:Samba effect
1707:(1987–2000s)
1675:
1602:Steel crisis
1425:Black Monday
1403:Encilhamento
1343:Black Friday
1150:
1106:(235–284 CE)
974:Credit cycle
900:
895:
889:
874:
863:. Retrieved
849:
839:
829:
821:
811:
790:
734:
727:
718:
714:
686:. Retrieved
681:
669:
664:. pp. 35–62.
653:
628:
622:. Retrieved
618:
609:
599:
597:(in Spanish)
560:
533:
531:
515:
508:
480:
472:
453:
441:
426:
385:Chilean peso
382:
362:
359:Chicago boys
335:
316:suffered in
312:was a major
309:
307:
263:Asian crisis
250:
243:
239:Chicago Boys
64:Real Situado
53:Colonial era
2246:(2017–2018)
2231:(2016–2022)
2187:(2014–2022)
1947:(2007–2009)
1912:(2003–2008)
1861:(2000–2004)
1810:(1994–1996)
1788:(1992–1994)
1773:(1991–2000)
1737:(1990–1992)
1729:(1990–1992)
1699:(1986–1995)
1662:(1982–1994)
1652:(1982–2007)
1634:(1980–1982)
1612:(1975–1982)
1604:(1973–1982)
1575:(1973–1980)
1565:(1973–1982)
1536:(1945–1973)
1501:(1921–1923)
1493:(1917–1924)
1483:(1918–1939)
1405:(1890–1893)
1358:(1870–1914)
1300:(1845–1856)
1260:(1815–1816)
1209:(1769–1784)
1192:(1760–1840)
1155:(1621–1623)
1137:(1544–1551)
1119:(1000–1760)
1018:Flash crash
988:Debt crisis
813:El Mercurio
662:Julio Pinto
544:Julio Pinto
518:price bands
364:El ladrillo
347:coup d'Ă©tat
320:during the
251:1982 crisis
245:El ladrillo
211:Land reform
117:Wheat cycle
112:Silver rush
2402:Categories
1039:Accounting
865:2011-04-08
754:1360456914
688:2010-12-06
624:2020-12-15
581:References
503:cacerolazo
332:Background
324:. Chile's
167:Meat riots
74:Encomienda
2297:Recession
1290:1840–1870
762:cite book
493:Aftermath
418:inflation
389:US dollar
953:Bank run
569:See also
487:forestry
69:Hacienda
1053:Funding
1046:Capital
369:tariffs
2223:(2016)
1869:(2001)
1853:(1999)
1670:(1982)
1509:(1927)
1456:(1910)
1427:(1894)
1397:(1890)
1389:(1886)
1345:(1869)
1179:(1720)
1171:(1720)
1163:(1637)
1060:Market
856:
752:
742:
684:. 1990
656:2002.
793:, 31.
678:(PDF)
433:IANSA
342:Nixon
318:Chile
196:CORFO
36:Chile
1990:2009
1095:1000
1093:Pre-
854:ISBN
768:link
750:OCLC
740:ISBN
682:UCLA
660:and
542:and
466:and
458:and
400:and
308:The
446:.
326:GDP
2404::
852:.
848:.
828:.
798:^
776:^
764:}}
760:{{
748:.
719:10
697:^
680:.
636:^
627:.
617:.
589:^
524:.
424:.
375:.
33:of
1646:/
933:e
926:t
919:v
868:.
770:)
756:.
691:.
297:e
290:t
283:v
259:"
255:"
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
