312:. Hage's discussion around race is distinct from Bourdieu's treatment of migrants and their amount of linguistic capital and habitus. Hage actually conceives of "whiteness" as being a form of cultural capital. 'White' is not a stable, biologically determined trait, but a "shifting set of social practices." He conceptualizes the nation as a circular field, with the hierarchy moving from the powerful center (composed of 'white' Australians) to the less powerful periphery (composed of the 'others'). The 'others' however are not simply dominated, but are forced to compete with each other for a place closer to the centre. This use of Bourdieu's notion of capital and fields is extremely illuminating to understand how people of non-Anglo ethnicities may try and exchange the cultural capital of their ethnic background with that of 'whiteness' to gain a higher position in the hierarchy. It is especially useful to see it in these terms as it exposes the arbitrary nature of what is "Australian", and how it is determined by those in the dominant position (mainly 'white' Australians). In a path-breaking study, Bauder (2006) uses the notions of habitus and cultural capital to explain the situation of migrants in the labor market and society.
289:, particularly homeless shelters. The authors talk of the two separate fields that operate in the same geographic location (the shelter) and the types of capital that are legitimate and valued in each. Specifically they show how homeless people can possess "staff-sanctioned capital" or "client-sanctioned capital" and show how in the shelter, they are both at the same time, desirable and undesirable, valued and disparaged, depending on which of the two fields they are operating in. Although the authors do not clearly define staff-sanctioned and client-sanctioned capital as cultural capital, and state that usually the resources that form these two capitals are gathered from a person's life as opposed to their family, it can be seen how Bourdieu's theory of cultural capital can be a valuable theory in analysing inequality in any social setting.
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give rise to such distinctive and abiding forms of habitus as
Bourdieu would suppose; because even within more disadvantaged classes, with little access to high culture, values favouring education may still prevail and perhaps some relevant cultural resources exist; and because, therefore, schools and other educational institutions can function as important agencies of re-socialisation – that is, can not only underwrite but also in various respects complement, compensate for or indeed counter family influences in the creation and transmission of "cultural capital", and not just in the case of Wunderkinder but in fact on a mass scale.
269:
broken up into a number of basic categories. First, are those who explore the theory as a possible means of explanation or employ it as the framework for their research. Second, are those who build on or expand
Bourdieu's theory. Finally, there are those who attempt to disprove Bourdieu's findings or to discount them in favour of an alternative theory. The majority of these works deal with Bourdieu's theory in relation to education, only a small number apply his theory to other instances of inequality in society.
357:(1918), which indicates how American schooling is similar to Prussian schooling in the 1820s. The objective was to divide children into sections, by distributing them by subject, by age, and by test score. Inglis introduces six basic functions for modern schooling; the third, fourth, and fifth basic functions listed by Inglis are related to cultural capital, and describe the manner in which schooling enforces the cultural capital of each child, from a young age:
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301:." Specifically computers are "machines" that form a type of objectified cultural capital, and the ability to use them is an embodied type of cultural capital. This work is useful because it shows the ways in which Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital can be expanded and updated to include cultural goods and practices which are progressively more important in determining achievement both in the school and without.
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cultural-capital) the person can consume the art (understand its cultural meaning) only with the proper conceptual and historical foundations of prior cultural-capital. As such, cultural capital is not transmitted in the sale of the work of art, except by coincidental and independent causation, when the seller explains the artwork's significance to the buyer.
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success in the school. They state that this is simply an elaboration of
Bourdieu's theory. Similarly, Dumais (2002) introduces the variable of gender to determine the ability of cultural capital to increase educational achievement. The author shows how gender and social class interact to produce different benefits from cultural capital. In fact in
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and effectively bar them from the reproductive (sexual, economic, and cultural) sweepstakes of life. That was the purpose of petty humiliation in school: "It was the dirt down the drain." The three functions are directly related to cultural capital, because through schooling children are discriminated by
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Stanton-Salazar & Dornbusch (1995) examine how those people with the desired types of cultural (and linguistic) capital in a school transform this capital into "instrumental relations" or social capital with institutional agents who can transmit valuable resources to the person, furthering their
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comprises an institution's formal recognition of a person's cultural capital, usually academic credentials or professional qualifications. The greatest social role of institutionalized cultural-capital is in the labor market (a job), wherein it allows the expression of the person's array of cultural
453:. It encapsulates the various influences that a young person's life experiences can have on their science identity and participation in science-related activities. The empirical work on science capital builds from a growing body of data into students' aspirations and attitudes to science, including
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Bourdieu's view of the transmission of cultural capital as a key process in social reproduction is simply wrong. And the more detailed findings of the research, as noted above, could then have been taken as helping to explain just why it is wrong. That is, because differing class conditions do not
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the concept in diverse ways, and have varied in their conclusions. While some researchers may be criticised for using measures of cultural capital which focus only on certain aspects of 'highbrow' culture, this is a criticism which could also be leveled at
Bourdieu's own work. Several studies have
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The idea is to help
American society by consciously attempting to improve the breeding stock. Schools are meant to tag the socially unfit with poor grades, remedial-schooling placement, and other notable social punishments that their peers will then view and accept them as intellectually inferior,
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The concept of cultural capital has received widespread attention all around the world, from theorists and researchers alike. It is mostly employed in relation to the education system, but on the odd occasion has been used or developed in other discourses. Use of
Bourdieu's cultural capital can be
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comprises the person's property (e.g. a work of art, scientific instruments, etc.) that can be transmitted for economic profit (buying-and-selling) and for symbolically conveying the possession of cultural capital facilitated by owning such things. Yet, whilst possessing a work of art (objectified
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The concept of science capital was developed as a way to understand why these science-related resources, attitudes and aspirations led some children to pursue science, while others did not. The concept provides policy makers and practitioners with a useful framework to help understand what shapes
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is the place of social position that is constituted by the conflicts that occur when social groups endeavour to establish and define what is cultural capital, within a given social space; therefore, depending upon the social field, one type of cultural capital can simultaneously be legitimate and
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Originally, it was
Peterson (1992) who coined the term to address an anomaly observed in the evidence revealed by his work with Simkus (1992), which showed that people of higher social status, contrary to elite-mass models of cultural taste developed by French scholars with French data, were not
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A number of works expand
Bourdieu's theory of cultural capital in a beneficial manner, without deviating from Bourdieu's framework of the different forms of capital. In fact, these authors can be seen to explore unarticulated areas of Bourdieu's theory as opposed to constructing a new theory.
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and cognitively placed into the destination that will make them fit to sustain that social role. That is the path leading to their determined social class; and, during the fifth function, they will be socially undesirable to the privileged children, and so kept in a low social stratum.
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to analyse how these memes can be seen as forms of cultural capital. Discourse demonstrates the different forums and mediums that memes can be expressed through, such as different 'boards' on 4chan. Additionally, scholars have extended
Bourdieu's theory to the field of religion where
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Bourdieu has also been criticised for his lack of consideration of gender. Kanter (in
Robinson & Garnier 1986) points out the lack of interest in gender inequalities in the labour market in Bourdieu's work. However, Bourdieu addressed the topic of gender head-on in his 2001 book
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capital as qualitative and quantitative measurements (which are compared against the measures of cultural capital of other people). The institutional recognition facilitates the conversion of cultural capital into economic capital, by serving as a
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to be considered a form of cultural capital. The authors state that "a familiarity with, and a positive disposition towards the use of bourgeoisie technologies of the information age can be seen as an additional form of cultural capital bestowing
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averse to participation in activities associated with popular culture. The work rejected the universal adaptation of the cultural capital theory, especially in the 20th century in advanced post-industrialist societies like the United States.
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dispositions inculcated to him or her by family and the familial environment, and are manifested according to the nature of the person. As such, the social formation of a person's habitus is influenced by family, by objective changes in
396:, Bourdieu states "sexual properties are as inseparable from class properties as the yellowness of lemons is inseparable from its acidity." He simply did not articulate the differences attributable to gender in his general theory of
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445:. The concept of science capital draws from the work of Bourdieu, particularly his studies focusing on the reproduction of social inequalities in society. Science capital is made up of science-related cultural capital and
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expands on Bourdieu's view on cultural capital and its influence on education: "Following Bourdieu, I measure high school students' cultural capital using self-reports of involvement in art, music, and literature."
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allows middle classes for developing distinctive religious styles and tastes. Through these styles and tastes, they draw symbolic class boundaries in opposition to co-believers from lower-class backgrounds.
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De Graaf, Nan Dirk, Paul M. De Graaf, and Gerbert Kraaykamp. 2000. "Parental Cultural Capital and Educational Attainment in the Netherlands: A Refinement of the Cultural Capital Perspective."
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De Graaf, Nan Dirk; De Graaf, Paul M.; Kraaykamp, Gerbert (2000). "Parental Cultural Capital and Educational Attainment in the Netherlands: A Refinement of the Cultural Capital Perspective".
499:. However, Bourdieu never claimed to have done so entirely, but defined a new approach; that is, Bourdieu's work attempts to reconcile the paradoxical dichotomy of structure and agency.
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is the mastery of language and its relations. The embodied cultural capital, which is a person's means of communication and self-presentation, is acquired from the national culture.
292:
On the other hand, some have introduced new variables into Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital. The work of Emmison & Frow (1998) centers on an exploration of the ability of
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Stanton-Salazar, Ricardo D., and Sanford M. Dornbusch. 1995. "Social Capital and the Reproduction of Inequality: Information Networks among Mexican-Origin High School Students."
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Stanton-Salazar, Ricardo D., and Sanford M. Dornbusch. 1995. "Social Capital and the Reproduction of Inequality: Information Networks among Mexican-Origin High School Students."
143:
2108:— a "comprehensive, contextual and referential bibliography and mediagraphy of all works and public statements by Pierre Bourdieu," compiled by Ingo Mörth and Gerhard Fröhlich.
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Bourdieu's theory has been expanded to reflect modern forms of cultural capital. For instance, studies conducted by Asaf Nissenbaum and Limor Shifman (2017) on the topic of
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220:, and by social interactions with other people in daily life; moreover, the habitus of a person also changes when he or she changes social positions within the field.
131:, which is the actual and potential resources linked to the possession of a durable network of institutionalized relationships of mutual acquaintance and recognition.
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1987:
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in the essay "Cultural Reproduction and Social Reproduction" (1977). Bourdieu then developed the concept in the essay "The Forms of Capital" (1985) and in the book
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to conceptually explain the differences among the levels of performance and academic achievement of children within the educational system of France in the 1960s.
703:
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attempted to refine the measurement of cultural capital in order to examine which aspects of middle-class culture actually have value in the education system.
473:
Criticisms of Bourdieu's concept have been made on many grounds, including a lack of conceptual clarity. Perhaps due to this lack of clarity, researchers have
370:(function #4): Once the social role of a student is determined, the children are sorted by role and trained only as merited for his or her social destination.
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364:(function #3):↵School is meant to determine the proper social role of each student, by logging mathematic and anecdotal evidence into cumulative records.
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Robinson, R., and M. Garnier. 2000. "Class Reproduction Among Men and Women in France: Reproduction Theory on its Home Ground." Pp. 144–53 in
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to culture and tradition. Unlike property, cultural capital is not transmissible, but is acquired over time, as it is impressed upon the person's
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Robinson, R., and M. Garnier. 2000. "Class Reproduction Among Men and Women in France: Reproduction Theory on its Home Ground." Pp. 144–53 in
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1200:""Science capital": A conceptual, methodological, and empirical argument for extending bourdieusian notions of capital beyond the arts"
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Kalmijn, Matthijs, and Gerbert Kraaykamp. 1996. "Race, Cultural Capital, and Schooling: An Analysis of Trends in the United States."
349:, in his article "Against School" (2003), addresses education in modern schooling. The relation of cultural capital can be linked to
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illegitimate. In that way, the legitimization (societal recognition) of a type of cultural capital can be arbitrary and derived from
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as a particular higher status section in the US that has broader cultural engagements and tastes spanning an eclectic range from
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Gorder, K. 2000. "Understanding School Knowledge: A Critical Appraisal of Basil Bernstein and Pierre Bourdieu." Pp. 218–33 in
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934:"Cultural Capital and School Success: The Impact of Status Culture Participation on the Grades of U.S. High School Students"
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Martin, B., and I. Szelenyi. 2000. "Beyond Cultural Capital: Toward a Theory of Symbolic Domination." Pp. 278–302 in
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285:& Williams (2005), who use Bourdieu's notion of fields and capital to examine the power relations in the field of
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There are three types of cultural capital: embodied capital; objectified capital; and institutionalised capital.
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176:(i.e., character and way of thinking), which, in turn, becomes more receptive to similar cultural influences.
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74 (extra issue: "Current of Thought: Sociology of Education at the Dawn of the 21st Century"):88–99.
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King, A. (2000). "Thinking with Bourdieu Against Bourdieu: A 'Practical' Critique of the Habitus".
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376:(function #5): This refers to Darwin's theory of natural selection applied to "the favoured races".
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and A. Simkus (1992) distinguish the (secondary) analysis of survey data on Americans exclusively.
260:(practical solution) with which the seller can describe his or her cultural capital to the buyer.
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Bourdieu further developed the concept in his essay "The Forms of Capital" (1985) and in his book
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62:, that society considers rare and worth seeking. There are three types of cultural capital: (i)
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comprises the social assets of a person (education, intellect, style of speech, style of dress,
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Rössel, Jörg, and Claudia Beckert-Zieglschmid. 2002. "Die Reproduktion kulturellen Kapitals ."
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Dolby (2000) cites the work of Hage, who uses Bourdieu's theory of cultural capital to explore
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92:(1996) to explain that the education (knowledge and intellectual skills) of a person provides
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123:(1996). In the essay, Bourdieu lists cultural capital among two other categories of capital:
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Human Capital Or Cultural Capital?: Ethnicity and Poverty Groups in an Urban School District
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Dumais, Susan A. 2002. "Cultural Capital, Gender, and School Success: The Role of Habitus."
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Dumais, Susan A. 2002. "Cultural Capital, Gender, and School Success: The Role of Habitus."
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within an economy of practices (i.e. system of exchange), and includes the accumulated
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Archer, Louise; Dawson, Emily; DeWitt, Jennifer; Seakins, Amy; Wong, Billy (2015).
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127:, which refers to the command of economic resources (money, assets, property); and
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comprises the knowledge that is consciously acquired and passively inherited, by
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Kingston, Paul W. 2001. "The Unfulfilled Promise of Cultural Capital Theory."
1797:
Emmison, M., and J. Frow. 1998. "Information Technology as Cultural Capital."
1791:
1079:"Understanding Cultural Omnivorousness: Or, the Myth of the Cultural Omnivore"
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Emmison, M., and J. Frow. 1998. "Information Technology as Cultural Capital."
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1067:, and A. Simkus. 1992. "How musical tastes mark occupational status groups."
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It has been claimed that Bourdieu's theory, and in particular his notion of
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58:; thus cultural capital comprises the material and symbolic goods, without
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This article is about the sociological term. For cities and locations, see
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Cultural Practices and Socioeconomic Attainment: The Australian Experience
1336:"Bourdieu and Education: How Useful is Bourdieu's Theory for Researchers?"
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3528:
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1173:
Cultivating Differences: Symbolic Boundaries and the Making of Inequality
488:
1988:
Bourdieu and Education: How Useful is Bourdieu's Theory for Researchers?
1825:, edited by R. Harker, C. Mahar, and C. Wilkes. London: Macmillan Press.
1735:
Dolby, N. 2000. "Race, National, State: Multiculturalism in Australia."
1135:"Omnivores Versus Snobs? Musical Tastes in the United States and France"
858:
Dolby, N. 2000. "Race, National, State: Multiculturalism in Australia."
520:, in which he states on the first page of the prelude that he considers
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In the UK, Louise Archer and colleagues (2015) developed the concept of
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2468:
1965:
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1288:
Science communication and engagement Eleventh Report of Session 2016–17
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1006:
960:
1971:
Sullivan, Alice. 2001. "Cultural Capital and Educational Attainment."
1823:
An Introduction to the Work of Pierre Bourdieu: The Practice of Theory
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young people's engagement with (and potential resistance to) science.
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1957:
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Sullivan, A. (2001). "Cultural Capital and Educational Attainment".
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Handbook for Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education
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Bourdieu, Pierre. 1986. "The Forms of Capital." Pp. 46–58 in
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The cultural capital of an individual is linked to his or her
1645:Ökonomisches Kapital - Kulturelles Kapital - Soziales Kapital
689:
Handbook of Theory of Research for the Sociology of Education
320:
1294:. London: House of Commons Science and Technology Committee.
1857:, edited by A. Harrington. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
889:"Religious Tastes and Styles as Markers of Class Belonging"
104:
In "Cultural Reproduction and Social Reproduction" (1977),
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1853:
King, A. 2005. "Structure and Agency." Pp. 215–32 in
1885:
Religious Tastes and Styles as Markers of Class Belonging
1816:
Cultural Capital: The Problem of Literary Canon Formation
1772:, and Eva M. Williams. 2005. "Bourdieu and Social Work."
1470:
DiMaggio, P. (1979). "Review Essay: On Pierre Bourdieu".
1434:
1197:
809:, and Eva M. Williams. 2005. "Bourdieu and Social Work."
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One creative modification of Bourdieu's work is that of
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Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste
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The State Nobility: Élite Schools in the Field of Power
90:
The State Nobility: Élite Schools in the Field of Power
1821:
Harker, R. 1990. "Education and Cultural Capital." In
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Warde, Alan; Wright, David; Gayo-Cal, Modesto (2007).
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Labor Movement: How Migration Regulates Labor Markets
1662:, translated by Lauretta C. Clough, with foreword by
875:
Labor Movement: How Migration Regulates Labor Markets
247:
1167:"How Musical Tastes Mark Occupational Status Groups"
535:
200:(i.e., social positions), which are configured as a
2070:
Culture and Power: The Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu
1076:
1920:, edited by D. Robbins. London: Sage Publications.
1906:, edited by D. Robbins. London: Sage Publications.
1808:, edited by D. Robbins. London: Sage Publications.
1596:, edited by D. Robbins. London: Sage Publications.
1170:
628:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.
1818:. 1993. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
706:, translated by R. Nice. Harvard University Press
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1911:The Work of Pierre Bourdieu: Recognising Society
1605:
1542:""Cultural Capital": Some Critical observations"
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1132:
194:(i.e., embodied disposition and tendencies) and
96:in achieving a higher social status in society.
1614:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p.
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1683:Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture
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2025:Cultural Reproduction and Social Reproduction
2009:Webb, J., T. Schirato, and G. Danaher. 2002.
1169:. In Michèle Lamont; Marcel Fournier (eds.).
299:advantage on those families that possess them
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16:Concept of social status and social mobility
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2090:Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales
1539:
620:J.P.E Harper-Scott and Jim Samson (2009).
408:Extending the theory of cultural capital,
1424:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.
1388:
42:society. Cultural capital functions as a
2029:Knowledge, Education and Cultural Change
1647:" (in German). Pp. 183–98 in
1504:
931:
886:
138:
1207:Journal of Research in Science Teaching
657:The Sage Dictionary of Cultural Studies
263:
3715:
1992:Netherlands Journal of Social Sciences
1673:. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
1343:Netherlands Journal of Social Sciences
1307:"Wellcome Trust: SET Development 2016"
1140:. Princeton University. Archived from
2362:
2115:
1855:Modern Social Theory: An Introduction
854:
852:
850:
802:
800:
403:
3676:
3277:Role of Christianity in civilization
2141:
1913:. Buckingham: Open University Press.
1709:. New York: Oxford University Press.
1697:
877:. New York: Oxford University Press.
683:
681:
679:
677:
183:
3688:
2085:Les Trois états du capital culturel
2053:Pierre Bourdieu and Cultural Theory
1250:. University College, London. 2020.
13:
2017:
1626:
847:
797:
434:
253:Institutionalized cultural capital
248:Institutionalized cultural capital
14:
3759:
2097:
2056:. London: Sage Publications Inc.
1686:. London: Sage Publications Inc
674:
669:The Dictionary of Human Geography
355:Principles of Secondary Education
3687:
3675:
3664:
3663:
2398:
1305:Wellcome Trust (February 2016).
624:An Introduction to Music studies
538:
3489:Culture and positive psychology
2399:
1599:
1586:
1533:
1498:
1463:
1428:
1413:
1368:
1327:
1298:
1278:
1253:
1241:
1191:
1177:. University of Chicago Press.
1158:
1126:
1070:
1058:
1043:
1012:
981:
880:
867:
834:
788:
779:
770:
757:
748:
739:
211:of a person is composed of the
2928:High- and low-context cultures
2072:, University of Chicago Press
1799:Australian Universities Review
1640:, edited by J. G. Richardson.
842:Australian Universities Review
730:
721:
712:
694:
662:
645:
636:
613:
151:Cultural capital and its types
1:
2105:HyperBourdieu World Catalogue
1472:American Journal of Sociology
601:
506:dismiss Bourdieu's approach:
3494:Culture and social cognition
2479:Cross-cultural communication
2013:. London: Sage Publications.
1636:." Pp. 241–58 in
1540:Goldthorpe, John H. (2007).
941:American Sociological Review
659:. London: SAGE Publications.
606:
468:
332:
272:
241:Objectified cultural capital
236:Objectified cultural capital
84:coined and defined the term
7:
3576:Intercultural communication
2388:
1981:10.1177/0038038501035004006
1399:10.1177/0038038501035004006
531:
178:Linguistic cultural capital
26:In the field of sociology,
10:
3764:
3019:Cross cultural sensitivity
2686:Resistance through culture
2027:Bourdieu and Passeron. In
1925:Zeitschrift für Soziologie
1632:Bourdieu, Pierre. 1986. "
585:Great British Class Survey
18:
3738:Human resource management
3659:
3631:Transformation of culture
3324:
3244:
3064:Cultural environmentalism
3001:
2741:
2604:
2494:Cross-cultural psychology
2489:Cross-cultural psychiatry
2484:Cross-cultural leadership
2461:
2410:
2396:
2335:
2306:
2285:
2150:
1806:Pierre Bourdieu Volume II
1606:Bourdieu, Pierre (2001).
1285:House of Commons (2017).
1133:Christin, Angèle (2010).
702:Bourdieu, Pierre. 1984 .
524:to be a prime example of
461:'s Enterprising Science.
455:University College London
400:in the education system.
326:embodied cultural capital
164:Embodied cultural capital
159:Embodied cultural capital
99:
72:institutionalised capital
3591:Living things in culture
3581:Intercultural competence
3484:Culture and menstruation
2983:Trans-cultural diffusion
1918:Pierre Bourdieu Volume I
1904:Pierre Bourdieu Volume I
1897:10.1177/0038038517722288
1594:Pierre Bourdieu Volume I
1165:Lamont, Michèle (1992).
1098:10.1177/1749975507078185
1049:Bourdieu, Pierre. 1984.
908:10.1177/0038038517722288
671:(5th ed.). 2009. p. 127.
457:'s ASPIRES Research and
319:, utilising the website
134:
3402:Cultural homogenization
2632:Individualistic culture
2566:Popular culture studies
2551:Intercultural relations
2163:Accumulation of capital
2050:Fowler, Bridget. 1997.
2023:Brown, Richard K., ed.
1933:10.1515/zfsoz-2002-0603
1651:, edited by R. Kreckel.
1643:First published: 1983 "
1519:10.1111/0735-2751.00109
932:DiMaggio, Paul (1982).
887:Koehrsen, Jens (2018).
491:, leaving no place for
362:Diagnosis and direction
3337:Archaeological culture
3084:Cultural globalization
2953:Organizational culture
2801:Cultural communication
2759:Cultural appropriation
2546:Intercultural learning
2474:Cross-cultural studies
2068:Swartz, David (1998),
2040:. Aldine Transaction.
2034:Farkas, George. 1996.
2011:Understanding Bourdieu
1949:Sociology of Education
1862:Sociology of Education
1831:Sociology of Education
1747:Sociology of Education
1714:Sociology of Education
1703:Bauder, Harald. 2006.
1676:Bourdieu, Pierre, and
1649:Soziale Ungleichheiten
1437:Sociology of Education
1261:"Enterprising Science"
1021:Sociology of Education
990:Sociology of Education
873:Bauder, Harald. 2006.
651:Barker, Chris. 2004. "
513:
502:Some scholars such as
294:Information Technology
152:
3606:Participatory culture
3397:Cultural evolutionism
3221:Multiracial democracy
3099:Cultural intelligence
3044:Cultural conservatism
3034:Cultural backwardness
3024:Cultural assimilation
2898:Cultural reproduction
2754:Cultural appreciation
2706:Far-right subcultures
2596:Transcultural nursing
2561:Philosophy of culture
2438:Cultural neuroscience
2418:Cultural anthropology
1775:Social Service Review
1420:Crook, C. J. (1997).
1334:Sullivan, A. (2002).
812:Social Service Review
754:Gorder, 1980, p. 226.
565:Cultural reproduction
508:
459:King's College London
150:
34:, etc.) that promote
3601:Oppositional culture
3571:Emotions and culture
3479:Cultural sensibility
3469:Cultural translation
3407:Cultural institution
3387:Cultural determinism
3109:Cultural nationalism
3094:Cultural imperialism
3054:Cultural deprivation
2948:Non-material culture
2581:Sociology of culture
2576:Semiotics of culture
2031:. London: Tavistock.
2006:(PDF) on 2018-07-12.
2002:. Archived from the
1883:Koehrsen, J. 2018. "
1678:Jean Claude Passeron
1671:Masculine Domination
1634:The Forms of Capital
1610:Masculine Domination
1065:Peterson, Richard A.
794:Harker, 1990, p. 11.
785:Gorder, 1980, p. 226
736:Harker, 1990, p. 10.
522:masculine domination
518:Masculine Domination
264:Theoretical research
110:Jean-Claude Passeron
82:Jean-Claude Passeron
3723:Capital (economics)
3452:Culture speculation
3447:Cultural relativism
3377:Cultural competence
3267:Cultural Christians
3139:Cultural Revolution
3129:Cultural radicalism
3104:Cultural liberalism
3039:Cultural Bolshevism
3014:Consumer capitalism
2968:Relational mobility
2908:Cultural technology
2816:Cultural dissonance
2733:Culture by location
2696:Alternative culture
2612:Constructed culture
2591:Theology of culture
2531:Cultural psychology
2511:Cultural entomology
2093:30(1979):3–6.
1574:on 27 February 2014
1507:Sociological Theory
1219:2015JRScT..52..922A
776:King, 2005, p. 222.
718:Bourdieu, 1990:114.
495:or even individual
410:Richard A. Peterson
310:racism in Australia
68:objectified capital
3733:Community building
3611:Permission culture
3544:Disability culture
3524:Children's culture
3392:Cultural diversity
3352:Circuit of culture
3134:Cultural retention
3114:Cultural pessimism
3069:Cultural exception
3059:Cultural diplomacy
3049:Cultural contracts
3009:Colonial mentality
2938:Manuscript culture
2913:Cultural universal
2883:Cultural pluralism
2863:Cultural landscape
2858:Cultural invention
2826:Cultural framework
2728:Vernacular culture
2526:Cultural mediation
2506:Cultural economics
2501:Cultural analytics
2433:Cultural geography
2423:Cultural astronomy
2336:Marxist historical
1909:Robbins, D. 1991.
1770:Emirbayer, Mustafa
1659:The State Nobility
1086:Cultural Sociology
807:Emirbayer, Mustafa
745:Webb, 2002, p. 37.
595:Individual capital
560:Cultural economics
417:cultural omnivores
415:They use the term
404:Cultural omnivores
153:
48:cultural knowledge
21:Capital of Culture
3748:Cultural concepts
3710:
3709:
3539:Death and culture
3432:Cultural movement
3422:Cultural literacy
3282:Eastern Orthodoxy
3194:Dominator culture
3189:Deculturalization
3089:Cultural hegemony
3079:Cultural genocide
3074:Cultural feminism
2893:Cultural property
2888:Cultural practice
2873:Cultural leveling
2868:Cultural learning
2853:Cultural industry
2848:Cultural identity
2831:Cultural heritage
2821:Cultural emphasis
2806:Cultural conflict
2779:Cultural behavior
2769:Cultural artifact
2681:Primitive culture
2657:Political culture
2356:
2355:
2348:Financial capital
1698:Secondary sources
1227:10.1002/tea.21227
526:symbolic violence
493:individual agency
347:John Taylor Gatto
184:Habitus and field
148:
3755:
3728:Cultural studies
3691:
3690:
3679:
3678:
3667:
3666:
3556:Drinking culture
3509:Culture industry
3457:Cultural tourism
3437:Cultural mulatto
3412:Cultural jet lag
3347:Cannabis culture
3304:Cultural Muslims
3226:Pluriculturalism
3209:Multiculturalism
3199:Interculturalism
3174:Culture minister
3164:Cultural Zionism
3159:Cultural subsidy
3154:Cultural silence
3029:Cultural attaché
2988:Transculturation
2943:Material culture
2933:Interculturality
2789:Cultural capital
2774:Cultural baggage
2711:Youth subculture
2652:Official culture
2617:Dominant culture
2556:Internet culture
2521:Cultural mapping
2516:Cultural history
2443:Cultural studies
2428:Cultural ecology
2402:
2401:
2383:
2376:
2369:
2360:
2359:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2113:
2112:
1620:
1619:
1613:
1603:
1597:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1573:
1567:. Archived from
1546:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1392:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1357:. Archived from
1340:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1311:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1263:. Archived from
1257:
1251:
1248:ASPIRES Research
1245:
1239:
1238:
1204:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1176:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1146:
1139:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1114:
1108:. Archived from
1083:
1074:
1068:
1062:
1056:
1047:
1041:
1016:
1010:
985:
979:
978:
976:
975:
969:
963:. Archived from
938:
929:
920:
919:
902:(6): 1237–1253.
893:
884:
878:
871:
865:
856:
845:
838:
832:
804:
795:
792:
786:
783:
777:
774:
768:
761:
755:
752:
746:
743:
737:
734:
728:
725:
719:
716:
710:
709:
698:
692:
685:
672:
666:
660:
653:Cultural capital
649:
643:
640:
634:
633:
627:
617:
580:Culture industry
570:Cultural studies
555:Academic capital
548:
543:
542:
351:Alexander Inglis
345:Retired teacher
306:multiculturalism
230:symbolic capital
149:
125:economic capital
114:cultural capital
86:cultural capital
64:embodied capital
28:cultural capital
3763:
3762:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3752:
3743:Pierre Bourdieu
3713:
3712:
3711:
3706:
3655:
3646:Western culture
3641:Welfare culture
3566:Eastern culture
3427:Cultural mosaic
3382:Cultural critic
3372:Cultural center
3320:
3294:Cultural Hindus
3240:
3231:Polyculturalism
3204:Monoculturalism
3179:Culture of fear
3149:Cultural safety
3144:Cultural rights
3124:Cultural racism
3119:Cultural policy
2997:
2903:Cultural system
2878:Cultural memory
2811:Cultural cringe
2737:
2669:Popular culture
2600:
2536:Cultural values
2457:
2406:
2392:
2387:
2357:
2352:
2331:
2302:
2281:
2146:
2140:
2100:
2020:
2018:Further reading
1975:35(4):893–912.
1958:10.2307/2112778
1927:31(6):497–513.
1891:53(6):1237–53.
1870:10.2307/2673255
1840:10.2307/2112721
1834:69(1):22–34. .
1778:79(4):689–724.
1756:10.2307/3090253
1750:75(1):44–68. .
1722:10.2307/2673239
1700:
1629:
1627:Primary sources
1624:
1623:
1604:
1600:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1503:
1499:
1468:
1464:
1449:10.2307/2673239
1433:
1429:
1418:
1414:
1390:10.1.1.681.7173
1373:
1369:
1361:
1338:
1332:
1328:
1318:
1316:
1309:
1303:
1299:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1270:
1268:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1246:
1242:
1202:
1196:
1192:
1185:
1163:
1159:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1137:
1131:
1127:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1081:
1075:
1071:
1063:
1059:
1048:
1044:
1030:10.2307/3090253
1024:75(1):44–68. .
1017:
1013:
999:10.2307/2112778
986:
982:
973:
971:
967:
953:10.2307/2094962
936:
930:
923:
891:
885:
881:
872:
868:
857:
848:
839:
835:
815:79(4):689–724.
805:
798:
793:
789:
784:
780:
775:
771:
762:
758:
753:
749:
744:
740:
735:
731:
726:
722:
717:
713:
700:
699:
695:
686:
675:
667:
663:
650:
646:
642:Harker, 1990:13
641:
637:
618:
614:
609:
604:
599:
544:
537:
534:
504:John Goldthorpe
475:operationalised
471:
442:science capital
437:
435:Science capital
425:popular culture
406:
368:Differentiation
335:
287:social services
275:
266:
250:
238:
202:social-relation
186:
161:
139:
137:
106:Pierre Bourdieu
102:
94:social mobility
78:Pierre Bourdieu
44:social relation
36:social mobility
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3761:
3751:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3697:
3685:
3673:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3551:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3465:
3464:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3442:Cultural probe
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3367:Cross-cultural
3364:
3362:Coffee culture
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3332:Animal culture
3328:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3296:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3254:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3236:Transculturism
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3169:Culture change
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3005:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2993:Visual culture
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2973:Safety culture
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2794:Cross-cultural
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2471:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2453:Culture theory
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2386:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2363:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2232:Organizational
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2182:Cross-cultural
2179:
2174:
2165:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2139:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2099:
2098:External links
2096:
2095:
2094:
2081:
2065:
2048:
2032:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2007:
1994:38(2):144–66.
1984:
1969:
1952:68(2):116–35.
1944:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1881:
1858:
1851:
1826:
1819:
1812:Guillory, John
1809:
1802:
1801:1(1998):41-45.
1795:
1792:10.1086/491604
1784:10.1086/491604
1767:
1742:
1738:Arena Magazine
1733:
1716:73(2):92–111.
1710:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1674:
1667:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1598:
1585:
1532:
1513:(3): 417–433.
1497:
1484:10.1086/226948
1478:(6): 1460–74.
1462:
1427:
1412:
1383:(4): 893–912.
1367:
1364:on 2018-07-12.
1349:(2): 144–166.
1326:
1314:Wellcome Trust
1297:
1277:
1252:
1240:
1213:(7): 922–948.
1190:
1183:
1157:
1125:
1092:(2): 143–164.
1069:
1057:
1042:
1011:
993:68(2):116–35.
980:
947:(2): 189–201.
921:
879:
866:
861:Arena Magazine
846:
844:1(1998):41-45.
833:
829:10.1086/491604
821:10.1086/491604
796:
787:
778:
769:
756:
747:
738:
729:
727:King, 2005:223
720:
711:
693:
673:
661:
644:
635:
611:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
575:Culture change
572:
567:
562:
557:
551:
550:
549:
546:Society portal
533:
530:
487:, is entirely
470:
467:
447:social capital
436:
433:
405:
402:
378:
377:
371:
365:
334:
331:
317:internet memes
274:
271:
265:
262:
249:
246:
237:
234:
185:
182:
160:
157:
136:
133:
129:social capital
101:
98:
32:social capital
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3760:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3652:
3651:Youth culture
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3636:Urban culture
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3621:Remix culture
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3596:Media culture
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3586:Languaculture
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3514:Culture shock
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3474:Cultural turn
3472:
3470:
3467:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3342:Bennett scale
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3323:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3272:Protestantism
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3215:
3214:Biculturalism
3212:
3211:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Technoculture
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2958:Print culture
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2923:Enculturation
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2843:Cultural icon
2841:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2784:Cultural bias
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2764:Cultural area
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2749:Acculturation
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2723:Super culture
2721:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2637:Legal culture
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2586:Sound culture
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2395:
2391:
2384:
2379:
2377:
2372:
2370:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2349:
2346:
2344:
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2340:
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2334:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
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2312:
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2305:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2273:
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2265:
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2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
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2245:
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2240:
2238:
2235:
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2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2132:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2114:
2107:
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2102:
2101:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2079:0-226-78595-5
2076:
2073:
2071:
2066:
2063:
2062:0-8039-7626-7
2059:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2047:
2046:0-202-30524-4
2043:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1898:
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1890:
1886:
1882:
1879:
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1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1856:
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1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1743:
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1734:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1693:
1692:0-8039-8320-4
1689:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1664:Loïc Wacquant
1661:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1617:
1612:
1611:
1602:
1595:
1589:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1557:10.2383/24755
1554:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1501:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1466:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1443:(2): 92–111.
1442:
1438:
1431:
1423:
1416:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1337:
1330:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1290:
1289:
1281:
1267:on 2017-05-10
1266:
1262:
1256:
1249:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1186:
1184:9780226468143
1180:
1175:
1174:
1168:
1161:
1147:on 2017-10-05
1143:
1136:
1129:
1115:on 2019-06-28
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1061:
1054:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
991:
984:
970:on 2021-06-24
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
935:
928:
926:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
890:
883:
876:
870:
863:
862:
855:
853:
851:
843:
837:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
813:
808:
803:
801:
791:
782:
773:
766:
760:
751:
742:
733:
724:
715:
707:
705:
697:
690:
684:
682:
680:
678:
670:
665:
658:
655:." Pp. 37 in
654:
648:
639:
631:
626:
625:
616:
612:
596:
593:
591:
590:Human capital
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
552:
547:
541:
536:
529:
527:
523:
519:
512:
507:
505:
500:
498:
497:consciousness
494:
490:
489:deterministic
486:
485:
479:
476:
466:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
443:
432:
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387:
384:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
359:
358:
356:
352:
348:
343:
340:
339:Paul DiMaggio
330:
327:
322:
318:
313:
311:
307:
302:
300:
295:
290:
288:
284:
279:
270:
261:
259:
254:
245:
242:
233:
231:
226:
221:
219:
214:
210:
205:
203:
199:
198:
193:
192:
181:
179:
175:
174:
169:
168:socialization
165:
156:
132:
130:
126:
122:
117:
115:
111:
107:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
52:social status
50:that confers
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
22:
3699:
3692:
3680:
3668:
3616:Rape culture
3561:Drug culture
3549:Deaf culture
3534:Cyberculture
3504:Culture hero
3417:Cultural lag
3357:Civilization
3257:Christianity
2963:Protoculture
2788:
2647:Microculture
2627:High culture
2622:Folk culture
2571:Postcritique
2295:(short) vs.
2222:Intellectual
2176:
2104:
2088:
2084:
2069:
2052:
2036:
2028:
2024:
2010:
1991:
1972:
1947:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1888:
1861:
1854:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1805:
1798:
1773:
1745:
1736:
1713:
1704:
1682:
1670:
1658:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1609:
1601:
1593:
1588:
1576:. Retrieved
1569:the original
1548:
1535:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1440:
1436:
1430:
1421:
1415:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1359:the original
1346:
1342:
1329:
1317:. Retrieved
1313:
1300:
1287:
1280:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:the original
1255:
1243:
1210:
1206:
1193:
1172:
1160:
1149:. Retrieved
1142:the original
1128:
1117:. Retrieved
1110:the original
1089:
1085:
1072:
1060:
1050:
1045:
1019:
1014:
988:
983:
972:. Retrieved
965:the original
944:
940:
899:
895:
882:
874:
869:
859:
841:
836:
810:
790:
781:
772:
767:, 1990, p.11
764:
759:
750:
741:
732:
723:
714:
701:
696:
688:
668:
664:
656:
647:
638:
623:
615:
517:
514:
509:
501:
482:
480:
472:
463:
440:
438:
429:
416:
413:
407:
398:reproduction
391:
388:
383:social class
379:
373:
367:
361:
354:
344:
337:Sociologist
336:
325:
314:
303:
291:
280:
276:
267:
252:
251:
240:
239:
224:
222:
218:social class
213:intellectual
208:
206:
196:
190:
187:
177:
172:
163:
162:
154:
120:
118:
113:
103:
89:
85:
76:
71:
70:, and (iii)
67:
63:
27:
25:
3694:WikiProject
3626:Tea culture
3529:Culturalism
3499:Culture gap
3462:Pop-culture
3262:Catholicism
3184:Culture war
2642:Low culture
2541:Culturomics
2448:Culturology
2212:Information
2187:Educational
2168:Circulating
1741:(45):48–51.
1549:Sociologica
1052:Distinction
864:(45):48–51.
449:as well as
393:Distinction
204:structure.
60:distinction
3717:Categories
2691:Subculture
2469:Bioculture
2327:Fictitious
2310:analytical
2252:Reputation
2217:Intangible
2207:Individual
1986:—— 2002. "
1474:(Review).
1271:2017-05-14
1151:2015-04-29
1119:2020-07-16
974:2020-07-16
602:References
112:presented
40:stratified
3519:Culturgen
3287:Mormonism
3245:Religions
2918:Cultureme
2836:Destroyed
2462:Subfields
2242:Political
2192:Financial
2142:Types of
1973:Sociology
1941:146965472
1889:Sociology
1656:—— 1996.
1565:142555695
1527:146387362
1492:147053205
1385:CiteSeerX
1377:Sociology
1235:142013766
1055:. p. 107.
916:149369482
896:Sociology
607:Citations
469:Criticism
374:Selection
333:Education
283:Emirbayer
273:Expansion
258:heuristic
3670:Category
3252:Buddhism
3002:Politics
2411:Sciences
2343:Monopoly
2322:Variable
2317:Constant
2267:Symbolic
2237:Physical
2177:Cultural
2172:Floating
2158:Academic
2004:original
2000:50347327
1680:. 1990.
1578:14 April
1407:45267100
1355:50347327
1106:53591209
532:See also
423:arts to
421:highbrow
3701:Changes
3682:Commons
3325:Related
3316:Sikhism
3311:Judaism
2742:Aspects
2404:Outline
2390:Culture
2308:Marxist
2297:Patient
2286:By term
2277:Working
2272:Venture
2227:Natural
2151:By form
2144:capital
1966:2112778
1878:2673255
1848:2112721
1764:3090253
1730:2673239
1457:2673239
1215:Bibcode
1038:3090253
1007:2112778
961:2094962
763:Harker
484:habitus
451:habitus
209:habitus
191:habitus
173:habitus
66:, (ii)
2701:Fandom
2299:(long)
2293:Liquid
2262:Social
2257:Sexual
2247:Public
2077:
2060:
2044:
1998:
1964:
1939:
1876:
1846:
1790:
1762:
1728:
1690:
1669:2001.
1563:
1525:
1490:
1455:
1405:
1387:
1353:
1233:
1181:
1104:
1036:
1005:
959:
914:
827:
765:et al.
100:Origin
3299:Islam
2674:Urban
2662:Civic
2605:Types
2202:Human
2197:Fixed
1996:S2CID
1962:JSTOR
1937:S2CID
1874:JSTOR
1844:JSTOR
1788:JSTOR
1760:JSTOR
1726:JSTOR
1572:(PDF)
1561:S2CID
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