1578:
2133:. After surgery with preventive treatment, VTE develops in about 10 of 1000 people after total or partial knee replacement, and in about 5 of 1000 after total or partial hip replacement. About 400,000 Americans develop an initial VTE each year, with 100,000 deaths or more attributable to PE. Asian, Asian-American, Native American, and Hispanic individuals have a lower VTE risk than Whites or Blacks. Populations in Asia have VTE rates at 15 to 20% of what is seen in Western countries, with an increase in incidence seen over time. In North American and European populations, around 4–8% of people have a thrombophilia, most commonly factor V leiden and prothrombin G20210A. For populations in China, Japan, and Thailand, deficiences in protein S, protein C, and antithrombin predominate. Non-O blood type is present in around 50% of the general population and
1736:. When proximal DVT is provoked by surgery or trauma a 3-month course of anticoagulation is standard. When a first VTE is proximal DVT that is either unprovoked or associated with transient non-surgical risk factor, low-dose anticoagulation beyond 3 to 6 months might be used. In those with an annual risk of VTE in excess of 9%, as after an unprovoked episode, extended anticoagulation is a possibility. Those who finish warfarin treatment after idiopathic VTE with an elevated D-dimer level show an increased risk of recurrent VTE (about 9% vs about 4% for normal results), and this result might be used in clinical decision making. Thrombophilia test results rarely play a role in the length of treatment.
1613:
1933:(not possible), or if someone develops a PE despite being anticoagulated. However, a 2020 NICE review found "little good evidence" for their use. A 2018 study associated IVC filter placement with a 50% reduction in PE, a 70% increase in DVT, and an 18% increase in 30 day mortality when compared to no IVC placement. Other studies including a systematic review and meta-analysis did not find a difference in mortality with IVC placement. If someone develops a PE despite being anticoagulated, care should be given to optimize anticoagulation treatment and address other related concerns before considering IVC filter placement.
1684:. Some oral medicines are sufficient when taken alone, while others require the use of an additional parenteral blood thinner. Rivaroxaban and apixaban are the typical first-line medicines, and they are sufficient when taken orally. Rivaroxaban is taken once daily, and apixaban is taken twice daily. Warfarin, dabigatran, and edoxaban require the use of a parenteral anticoagulant to initiate oral anticoagulant therapy. When warfarin is initiated for VTE treatment, a 5-day minimum of a parenteral anticoagulant together with warfarin is given, which is followed by warfarin-only therapy. Warfarin is taken to maintain an
2088:
passengers, but the effect on symptomatic DVT, PE, or mortality is unknown, as none of the individuals studied developed these outcomes. However, graduated compression stockings are not suggested for long-haul travelers (>4 hours) without risk factors for VTE. Likewise, neither aspirin nor anticoagulants are suggested in the general population undertaking long-haul travel. Those with significant VTE risk factors undertaking long-haul travel are suggested to use either graduated compression stockings or LMWH for VTE prevention. If neither of these two methods are feasible, then aspirin is suggested.
980:
1633:. However, treatment varies depending upon the location of DVT. For example, in cases of isolated distal DVT, ultrasound surveillance (a second ultrasound after 2 weeks to check for proximal clots), might be used instead of anticoagulation. Although, those with isolated distal DVT at a high-risk of VTE recurrence are typically anticoagulated as if they had proximal DVT. Those at a low-risk for recurrence might receive a four to six week course of anticoagulation, lower doses, or no anticoagulation at all. In contrast, those with proximal DVT should receive at least 3 months of anticoagulation.
1133:
453:
60:
1182:
1895:
810:
2150:
724:
1250:
1577:
1566:
2126:
0.07 to 0.49 out of 10,000 children annually. Meanwhile, almost 1% of those aged 85 and above experience VTE each year. About 60% of all VTEs occur in those 70 years of age or older. Incidence is about 18% higher in males than in females, though there are ages when VTE is more prevalent in women. VTE occurs in association with hospitalization or nursing home residence about 60% of the time, active cancer about 20% of the time, and a central venous catheter or transvenous pacemaker about 9% of the time.
2080:
1918:
656:
1879:
2241:
1697:
1601:
644:
628:
2279:
1863:
1706:
1894:
2024:
1327:. The numerical result (possible score −2 to 9) is most commonly grouped into either "unlikely" or "likely" categories. A Wells score of two or more means DVT is considered "likely" (about a 28% chance), while those with a lower score are considered "unlikely" to have DVT (about a 6% chance). In those unlikely to have DVT, a diagnosis is excluded by a negative D-dimer blood test. In people with likely DVT,
1201:, but clotting in the veins mostly occurs without any such mechanical damage. The beginning of venous thrombosis is thought to arise from "activation of endothelial cells, platelets, and leukocytes, with initiation of inflammation and formation of microparticles that trigger the coagulation system" via tissue factor. Vein wall inflammation is likely the inciting event. Importantly, the
1210:(NETs) or their components, which play a role in venous thrombi formation. NET components are pro-thrombotic through both the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways. NETs provide "a scaffold for adhesion" of platelets, red blood cells, and multiple factors that potentiate platelet activation. In addition to the pro-coagulant activities of neutrophils, multiple stimuli cause
1688:(INR) of 2.0–3.0, with 2.5 as the target. The benefit of taking warfarin declines as the duration of treatment extends, and the risk of bleeding increases with age. Periodic INR monitoring is not necessary when first-line direct oral anticoagulants are used. Overall, anticoagulation therapy is complex and many circumstances can affect how these therapies are managed.
1878:
2267:
hypercoaguability, stasis, and endothelial injury. It was not until 1950 that this framework was cited as
Virchow's triad, but the teaching of Virchow's triad has continued in light of its utility as a theoretical framework and as a recognition of the significant progress Virchow made in expanding the understanding of VTE.
2117:
people will have recurrent VTE in the 2 years after they complete their course of anticoagulants. VTE recurrence is less common in distal DVT than proximal DVT. In upper extremity DVT, annual VTE recurrence is about 2–4%. After surgery, a provoked proximal DVT or PE has an annual recurrence rate of only 0.7%.
465:, and redness. However, these symptoms might not manifest in the lower limbs of those unable to walk. In those who are able to walk, DVT can reduce one's ability to do so. The pain can be described as throbbing and can worsen with weight-bearing, prompting one to bear more weight with the unaffected leg.
2125:
About 1.5 out of 1000 adults a year have a first VTE in high-income countries. The condition becomes much more common with age. VTE rarely occurs in children, but when it does, it predominantly affects hospitalized children. Children in North
America and the Netherlands have VTE rates that range from
2014:
Acutely ill hospitalized patients are suggested to receive a parenteral anticoagulant, although the potential net benefit is uncertain. Critically ill hospitalized patients are recommended to either receive unfractionated heparin or low-molecular weight heparin instead of foregoing these medicines.
1820:(the preferred method of administering the clot-busting enzyme) include a risk of bleeding, complexity, and the cost of the procedure. Although, while anticoagulation is the preferred treatment for DVT, thrombolysis is a treatment option for those with the severe DVT form of phlegmasia cerula dorens (
1739:
Treatment for acute leg DVT is suggested to continue at home for uncomplicated DVT instead of hospitalization. Factors that favor hospitalization include severe symptoms or additional medical issues. Early walking is suggested over bedrest. Graduated compression stockings—which apply higher pressure
408:
of the suspected veins. VTE becomes much more common with age. The condition is rare in children, but occurs in almost 1% of those ≥ age 85 annually. Asian, Asian-American, Native
American, and Hispanic individuals have a lower VTE risk than Whites or Blacks. Populations in Asia have VTE rates at 15
2192:
and an IV heparin drip, all while gasping for air. She started to receive an ultrasound to look for DVT in the legs, prompting her to express dissatisfaction to the medical staff that they were not looking for clots where she had symptoms (her lungs), and they were not yet treating her presumed PE.
2116:
In the 10 years following an initial VTE, about 30% of people will have a recurrence. VTE recurrence in those with prior DVT is more likely to recur as DVT than PE. Cancer and unprovoked DVT are strong risk factors for recurrence. After initial proximal unprovoked DVT with and without PE, 16–17% of
2100:
of about 6%, with PE being the cause of most of these deaths. Proximal DVT is frequently associated with PE, unlike distal DVT, which is rarely if ever associated with PE. Around 56% of those with proximal DVT also have PE, although a chest CT is not needed simply because of the presence of DVT. If
2054:
Options for VTE prevention in people following non-orthopedic surgery include early walking, mechanical prophylaxis, and blood thinners (low-molecular-weight heparin and low-dose-unfractionated heparin) depending upon the risk of VTE, risk of major bleeding, and person's preferences. After low-risk
1981:
in the general population, incorporating leg exercises while sitting down for long periods, or having breaks from a sitting position and walking around, having an active lifestyle, and maintaining a healthy body weight are recommended. Walking increases blood flow through the leg veins. Excess body
2290:
of LDUH in 1962 and subcutaneous injections of LMWH in 1982. 1974 was when vascular inflammation and venous thrombosis were first proposed to be interrelated. For around 50 years, a months-long warfarin (Coumadin) regimen was the mainstay of pharmacological treatment. To avoid the blood monitoring
2140:
DVT occurs in the upper extremities in about 4–10% of cases, with an incidence of 0.4–1.0 people out of 10,000 a year. A minority of upper extremity DVTs are due to Paget–Schroetter syndrome, also called effort thrombosis, which occurs in 1–2 people out of 100,000 a year, usually in athletic males
1343:
has also been validated for use. It contains only objective criteria but requires obtaining a D-dimer value. With this prediction rule, three points or less means a person is at low risk for DVT. A result of four or more points indicates an ultrasound is needed. Instead of using a prediction rule,
1173:
The process of fibrinolysis, where DVT clots can be dissolved back into the blood, acts to temper the process of thrombus growth. This is the preferred process. Aside from the potentially deadly process of embolization, a clot can resolve through organization, which can damage the valves of veins,
2087:
Travelling "is an often cited yet relatively uncommon" cause of VTE. Suggestions for at-risk long-haul travelers include calf exercises, frequent walking, and aisle seating in airplanes to ease walking. Graduated compression stockings have sharply reduced the levels of asymptomatic DVT in airline
1832:
A mechanical thrombectomy device can remove DVT clots, particularly in acute iliofemoral DVT (DVT of the major veins in the pelvis), but there is limited data on its efficacy. It is usually combined with thrombolysis, and sometimes temporary IVC filters are placed to protect against PE during the
1536:
is considered positive when the vein walls of normally compressible veins do not collapse under gentle pressure. Clot visualization is sometimes possible, but is not required. Three compression ultrasound scanning techniques can be used, with two of the three methods requiring a second ultrasound
1205:
of veins interacts with circulating white blood cells (leukocytes). While leukocytes normally help prevent blood from clotting (as does normal endothelium), upon stimulation, leukocytes facilitate clotting. Neutrophils are recruited early in the process of venous thrombi formation. They release
460:
Symptoms classically affect a leg and typically develop over hours or days, though they can develop suddenly or over a matter of weeks. The legs are primarily affected, with 4–10% of DVT occurring in the arms. Despite the signs and symptoms being highly variable, the typical symptoms are pain,
1815:
is the injection of an enzyme into the veins to dissolve blood clots, and while this treatment has been proven effective against the life-threatening emergency clots of stroke and heart attacks, randomized controlled trials have not established a net benefit in those with acute proximal DVT.
2266:
published his analysis after the insertion of foreign bodies into the jugular veins of dogs, which migrated to the pulmonary arteries. These foreign bodies caused pulmonary emboli, and
Virchow was focused on explaining their consequences. He cited three factors, which are now understood as
1338:
While the Wells score is the predominant and most studied clinical prediction rule for DVT, it does have drawbacks. The Wells score requires a subjective assessment regarding the likelihood of an alternate diagnosis and performs less well in the elderly and those with a prior DVT. The
1323:(see column in the table below) to determine if a potential DVT is "likely" or "unlikely" is typically the first step of the diagnostic process. The score is used in suspected first lower extremity DVT (without any PE symptoms) in primary care and outpatient settings, including the
8808:
Douketis J, Tosetto A, Marcucci M, Baglin T, Cushman M, Eichinger S, et al. (October 2010). "Patient-level meta-analysis: effect of measurement timing, threshold, and patient age on ability of D-dimer testing to assess recurrence risk after unprovoked venous thromboembolism".
1035:
are rare but strong, or moderately strong, risk factors. They increase risk by about 10 times. Having a non-O blood type roughly doubles VTE risk. Non-O blood type is common globally, making it an important risk factor. Individuals without O blood type have higher blood levels of
9019:
Enden T, Haig Y, Kløw NE, Slagsvold CE, Sandvik L, Ghanima W, et al. (January 2012). "Long-term outcome after additional catheter-directed thrombolysis versus standard treatment for acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (the CaVenT study): a randomised controlled trial".
2160:
Being on blood thinners because of DVT can be life-changing because it can prevent lifestyle activities such as contact or winter sports to prevent bleeding after potential injuries. Head injuries prompting brain bleeds are of particular concern. This has caused NASCAR driver
1828:
exist. In 2020, NICE kept their 2012 recommendations that catheter-directed thrombolysis should be considered in those with iliofemoral DVT who have "symptoms lasting less than 14 days, good functional status, a life expectancy of 1 year or more, and a low risk of bleeding."
852:
Acquired risk factors include the strong risk factor of older age, which alters blood composition to favor clotting. Previous VTE, particularly unprovoked VTE, is a strong risk factor. A leftover clot from a prior DVT increases the risk of a subsequent DVT. Major surgery and
1628:
Treatment for DVT is warranted when the clots are either proximal, distal and symptomatic, or upper extremity and symptomatic. Providing anticoagulation, or blood-thinning medicine, is the typical treatment after patients are checked to make sure they are not subject to
750:
DVT persists more than 28 days. Differences between these two types of DVT can be seen with ultrasound. An episode of VTE after an initial one is classified as recurrent. Bilateral DVT refers to clots in both limbs while unilateral means only a single limb is affected.
2258:
text published around 600–900 BC, contains what has been cited as the first description of DVT. In 1271, DVT symptoms in the leg of a 20-year-old male were described in a French manuscript, which has been cited as the first case or the first
Western reference to DVT.
2307:
VTE costs the US healthcare system about $ 7 to 10 billion dollars annually. Initial and average DVT costs for a hospitalized US patient is about $ 10,000 (2015 estimate). In Europe, the costs for an initial VTE hospitalization are significantly less, costing about
1559:, which involves injecting a peripheral vein of the affected limb with a contrast agent and taking X-rays, to reveal whether the venous supply has been obstructed. Because of its cost, invasiveness, availability, and other limitations, this test is rarely performed.
10121:
1537:
some days later to rule out the diagnosis. Whole-leg ultrasound is the option that does not require a repeat ultrasound, but proximal compression ultrasound is frequently used because distal DVT is only rarely clinically significant. Ultrasound methods including
9063:
Haig Y, Enden T, Grøtta O, Kløw NE, Slagsvold CE, Ghanima W, et al. (February 2016). "Post-thrombotic syndrome after catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep vein thrombosis (CaVenT): 5-year follow-up results of an open-label, randomised controlled trial".
2274:
in the 1970s and 1980s, but ultrasound, particularly after utility of probe compression was demonstrated in 1986, became the preferred diagnostic method. Yet, in the mid-1990s, contrast venography and impedance plethysmography were still described as common.
2193:
After being diagnosed with PE and not DVT, and after receiving heparin by IV, the coughing from the PE caused her C-section surgical site to open and the heparin contributed to bleeding at the site. Serena later received an IVC filter while in the hospital.
435:
Prevention of VTE for the general population includes avoiding obesity and maintaining an active lifestyle. Preventive efforts following low-risk surgery include early and frequent walking. Riskier surgeries generally prevent VTE with a blood thinner or
1747:
If someone decides to stop anticoagulation after an unprovoked VTE instead of being on lifelong anticoagulation, aspirin can be used to reduce the risk of recurrence, but it is only about 33% as effective as anticoagulation in preventing recurrent VTE.
739:(VTE). VTE can occur as DVT only, DVT with PE, or PE only. About two-thirds of VTE manifests as DVT only, with one-third manifesting as PE with or without DVT. VTE, along with superficial vein thrombosis, are common types of venous thrombosis.
2047:—has a high risk of causing VTE. If prophylaxis is not used after these surgeries, symptomatic VTE has about a 4% chance of developing within 35 days. Following major orthopedic surgery, a blood thinner or aspirin is typically paired with
1123:
and age do not seem to increase risk. Common risk factors for having an upper extremity DVT include having an existing foreign body (such as a central venous catheter, a pacemaker, or a triple-lumen PICC line), cancer, and recent surgery.
2879:"Diagnosis and management of acute deep vein thrombosis: a joint consensus document from the European Society of Cardiology working groups of aorta and peripheral vascular diseases and pulmonary circulation and right ventricular function"
943:
Cancer can grow in and around veins, causing venous stasis, and can also stimulate increased levels of tissue factor. Cancers of the blood, lung, pancreas, brain, stomach, and bowel are associated with high VTE risk. Solid tumors such as
3536:
Tran HA, Gibbs H, Merriman E, Curnow JL, Young L, Bennett A, et al. (March 2019). "New guidelines from the
Thrombosis and Haemostasis Society of Australia and New Zealand for the diagnosis and management of venous thromboembolism".
991:, includes a group of proteins that regulate clotting. DVT risk can be altered by abnormalities in the cascade. The regulators, antithrombin (ᾳTHR) and activated protein C (APC), are shown in green above the clotting factors they affect.
1833:
procedure. Catheter-directed thrombolysis with thrombectomy against iliofemoral DVT has been associated with a reduction in the severity of post-thrombotic syndrome at an estimated cost-effectiveness ratio of about $ 138,000 per gained
1118:
Some risk factors influence the location of DVT within the body. In isolated distal DVT, the profile of risk factors appears distinct from proximal DVT. Transient factors, such as surgery and immobilization, appear to dominate, whereas
1056:, which increases prothrombin levels, increases risk by about 2.5 times. Additionally, approximately 5% of people have been identified with a background genetic risk comparable to the factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutations.
2432:
The term 'thrombophilia' as used here applies to the five inherited abnormalities of antithrombin, protein C, protein S, factor V, and prothrombin, as is done elsewhere. These 5 genetic factors have been referred to as the classical
2113:. After proximal DVT, an estimated 20–50% of people develop the syndrome, with 5–10% experiencing severe symptoms. Post-thrombotic syndrome can also be a complication of distal DVT, though to a lesser extent than with proximal DVT.
1233:
are also components. Platelets are not as prominent in venous clots as they are in arterial ones, but they can play a role. In cancer, tissue factor is produced by cancer cells. Cancer also produces unique substances that stimulate
7981:"Rationale and design of the ATTRACT Study: a multicenter randomized trial to evaluate pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis for the prevention of postthrombotic syndrome in patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis"
3054:
2104:
Another frequent complication of proximal DVT, and the most frequent chronic complication, is post-thrombotic syndrome, where individuals have chronic venous symptoms. Symptoms can include pain, itching, swelling,
2002:, has provided some tentative evidence of effectiveness. Of the statins, rosuvastatin appears to be the only one with the potential to reduce VTE risk. If so, it appears to reduce risk by about 15%. However, the
11600:
11581:
11566:
727:
The iliac veins (in the pelvis) include the external iliac vein, the internal iliac vein, and the common iliac vein. The common femoral vein is below the external iliac vein. (It is labeled simply "femoral"
2312:
2000 to 4000 (2011 estimate). Post-thrombotic syndrome is a significant contributor to DVT follow-up costs. Outpatient treatment significantly reduces costs, and treatment costs for PE exceed those of DVT.
7116:
Lazo-Langner A, Kovacs MJ, Hedley B, Al-Ani F, Keeney M, Louzada ML, et al. (June 2015). "Screening of patients with idiopathic venous thromboembolism for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clones".
1600:
1744:, as the potential benefit of using them for this goal "may be uncertain". Nor are compression stockings likely to reduce VTE recurrence. They are, however, recommended in those with isolated distal DVT.
8875:
Berntsen CF, Kristiansen A, Akl EA, Sandset PM, Jacobsen EM, Guyatt G, et al. (April 2016). "Compression
Stockings for Preventing the Postthrombotic Syndrome in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis".
6939:
Dentali F, Sironi AP, Ageno W, Turato S, Bonfanti C, Frattini F, et al. (July 2012). "Non-O blood type is the commonest genetic risk factor for VTE: results from a meta-analysis of the literature".
2423:"It is important to note that smoking is not an independent risk factor, although it increases the risk for cancers and other comorbidities and works synergistically with other independent risk factors."
1594:. When compared to this clot, clots that instead obstruct the common femoral vein (proximal to this branching point) cause more severe effects due to impacting a significantly larger portion of the leg.
9991:"VTE, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy, and pregnancy: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
8351:"Management of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association"
1565:
480:(a blue or purplish discoloration) with fever. DVT can also exist without causing any symptoms. Signs and symptoms help in determining the likelihood of DVT, but they are not used alone for diagnosis.
4719:"Long term risk of symptomatic recurrent venous thromboembolism after discontinuation of anticoagulant treatment for first unprovoked venous thromboembolism event: systematic review and meta-analysis"
1335:
used to confirm or exclude a diagnosis. Imaging is also needed for hospital inpatients with suspected DVT and those initially categorized as unlikely to have DVT but who have a positive D-dimer test.
9796:
Sobieraj DM, Lee S, Coleman CI, Tongbram V, Chen W, Colby J, et al. (May 2012). "Prolonged versus standard-duration venous thromboprophylaxis in major orthopedic surgery: a systematic review".
9890:"Prevention of VTE in nonorthopedic surgical patients: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
276:, most commonly in the legs or pelvis. A minority of DVTs occur in the arms. Symptoms can include pain, swelling, redness, and enlarged veins in the affected area, but some DVTs have no symptoms.
10778:
1760:
An unprovoked VTE might signal the presence of an unknown cancer, as it is an underlying condition in up to 10% of unprovoked cases. A thorough clinical assessment is needed and should include a
2550:
For example "recent surgery, history of VTE, postpartum women, active malignancy, or ≥2 risk factors, including combinations of the above with hormone replacement therapy, obesity, or pregnancy"
9841:"Prevention of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
6226:
Danwang C, Bigna JJ, Awana AP, Nzalie RN, Robert A (February 2021). "Global epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in people with active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis".
2459:
The Wells score as displayed here is the more recent modified score, which added a criterion for a previous documented DVT and increased the time range after surgery to 12 weeks from 4 weeks.
543:
that supplies deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation. Up to one-fourth of PE cases are thought to result in sudden death. When not fatal, PE can cause symptoms such as sudden onset
2514:(PT) to a standardized control PT. A normal INR for those not on anticoagulation is 1.0. A value of 5.0 or higher is considered a critical finding because of an increased risk of bleeding.
1612:
1178:
development, in which collagen becomes the characteristic component. The first pathological stage is marked by red blood cells, and the second is characterized by medium-textured fibrin.
10043:"Prevention of VTE in nonsurgical patients: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines"
2541:
Including those with "previous VTE, recent surgery or trauma, active malignancy, pregnancy, estrogen use, advanced age, limited mobility, severe obesity, or known thrombophilic disorder"
9244:"Cost-effectiveness of pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis versus standard anticoagulation in patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis: results from the ATTRACT trial"
8539:"Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
7547:
3074:
801:
in 2019 urged for this dichotomy to be abandoned to encourage more personalized risk assessments for recurrent VTE. The distinction between these categories is not always clear.
8499:
Kearon C, Akl EA, Ornelas J, Blaivas A, Jimenez D, Bounameaux H, et al. (February 2016). "Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report".
10095:
10435:"Symptomatic in-hospital deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following hip and knee arthroplasty among patients receiving recommended prophylaxis: a systematic review"
797:
DVT can be classified into provoked and unprovoked categories. For example, DVT that occurs in association with cancer or surgery can be classified as provoked. However, the
12490:
2373:
2129:
During pregnancy and after childbirth, acute VTE occurs in about 1.2 of 1000 deliveries. Despite it being relatively rare, it is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and
1740:
at the ankles and a lower pressure around the knees can be trialed for symptomatic management of acute DVT symptoms, but they are not recommended for reducing the risk of
1154:
DVT often develops in the calf veins and "grows" in the direction of venous flow, towards the heart. DVT most frequently affects veins in the leg or pelvis including the
873:, venous stasis can be temporarily provoked by a cessation of blood flow as part of the procedure. Inactivity and immobilization contribute to venous stasis, as with
2501:
The international normalized ratio should be ≥ 2.0 for 24 hours minimum, but if the ratio is > 3.0, then the parenteral anticoagulant is not needed for five days.
2385:
5831:"Guidelines for adult stroke rehabilitation and recovery: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association"
11507:"Executive summary: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
2295:(DOACs) were developed. In the late 2000s to early 2010s, DOACs—including rivaroxaban (Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis), and dabigatran (Pradaxa)—came to the market.
1221:
complex, activates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation and leads to conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, followed by fibrin deposition. Fresh venous clots are
4468:"Diagnosis of DVT: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines"
2956:"American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prevention of venous thromboembolism in surgical hospitalized patients"
7953:
1862:
5649:"American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prophylaxis for hospitalized and nonhospitalized medical patients"
4970:
Galanaud JP, Bosson JL, Quéré I (September 2011). "Risk factors and early outcomes of patients with symptomatic distal vs. proximal deep-vein thrombosis".
9446:
849:
activation. Various risk factors contribute to VTE, including genetic and environmental factors, though many with multiple risk factors never develop it.
4040:"2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS)"
563:(worsened by deep breaths) and can vary based upon where the embolus is lodged in the lungs. An estimated 30–50% of those with PE have detectable DVT by
5786:
Ishida T, Sakurai H, Watanabe K, Iwashita S, Mimura M, Uchida H (July 2016). "Incidence of deep vein thrombosis in catatonic patients: A chart review".
5211:
2096:
DVT is most frequently a disease of older age that occurs in the context of nursing homes, hospitals, and active cancer. It is associated with a 30-day
1732:
The duration of anticoagulation therapy (whether it will last 4 to 6 weeks, 6 to 12 weeks, 3 to 6 months, or indefinitely) is a key factor in clinical
1529:
11182:
9398:"Association of inferior vena cava filter placement for venous thromboembolic disease and a contraindication to anticoagulation with 30-day mortality"
627:
3213:"American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism"
1969:
is the specialty that typically places and retrieves IVC filters, and vascular surgery might do catheter directed thrombosis for some severe DVTs.
4769:
4353:"Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism among patients with a cryptogenic stroke linked to patent foramen ovale – a review of the literature"
8314:
2180:
was hospitalized in 2011 for PE thought to have originated from DVT. Years later, in 2017, due to her knowledge of DVT and PE, Serena accurately
3691:"Anticoagulant prophylaxis to prevent asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis in hospitalized medical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
2220:
had DVT after hip-replacement surgery. DVT has also contributed to the deaths of famous people. For example, DVT and PE played a role in rapper
456:
Swelling from fluid (edema) can result in "pitting" after pressure is applied. If this occurs only on one side, it raises the likelihood of DVT.
9525:
4304:"Lower extremity compartment syndrome in the setting of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, phlegmasia cerulea dolens and factor VII deficiency"
404:
test can also be used to assist with excluding the diagnosis or to signal a need for further testing. Diagnosis is most commonly confirmed by
9942:"American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: venous thromboembolism in the context of pregnancy"
2188:
surgery and was off of blood thinners. After feeling the sudden onset of a PE symptom, shortness of breath, she told her nurse and requested
10616:
995:
Dozens of genetic risk factors have been identified, and they account for approximately 50 to 60% of the variability in VTE rates. As such,
365:. VTE has a strong genetic component, accounting for approximately 50 to 60% of the variability in VTE rates. Genetic factors include non-O
10668:
676:
2063:
The risk of VTE is increased in pregnancy by about four to five times because of a more hypercoagulable state that protects against fatal
11711:
1982:
weight is modifiable unlike most risk factors, and interventions or lifestyle modifications that help someone who is overweight or obese
10521:
10386:"American Society of Hematology 2018 Guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: treatment of pediatric venous thromboembolism"
8720:"American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: optimal management of anticoagulation therapy"
4404:"European position paper on the management of patients with patent foramen ovale. General approach and left circulation thromboembolism"
3319:"Genome-wide association analysis of venous thromboembolism identifies new risk loci and genetic overlap with arterial vascular disease"
1571:
An ultrasound with a blood clot visible in the left common femoral vein. (The common femoral vein is distal to the external iliac vein.)
12284:
7539:
1908:
were significantly improved. Afterwards, a first rib resection allowed decompression. This reduces the risk of recurrent DVT and other
1772:
done in people of that age. A review of prior imaging is considered worthwhile, as is "reviewing baseline blood test results including
1281:. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and early-growth-response protein 1 contribute to monocyte association with endothelial proteins, such as
10091:
9152:
1174:
cause vein fibrosis, and result in non-compliant veins. Organization of a thrombus into the vein can occur at the third stage of its
310:
About two-thirds of VTE manifests as DVT only, with one-third manifesting as PE with or without DVT. The most frequent long-term DVT
3898:"The relationship between pancreatic cancer and hypercoagulability: a comprehensive review on epidemiological and biological issues"
6377:"Call to action to prevent venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients: a policy statement from the American Heart Association"
10334:"The economic burden of incident venous thromboembolism in the United States: A review of estimated attributable healthcare costs"
4848:"Risk of deep vein thrombosis following a single negative whole-leg compression ultrasound: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
3754:
8030:"Exclusion of deep vein thrombosis using the Wells rule in clinically important subgroups: individual patient data meta-analysis"
1257:
Often, DVT begins in the valves of veins. The blood flow pattern in the valves can cause low oxygen concentrations in the blood (
6128:"Incidence of VTE and bleeding among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
9553:"Compression and walking versus bed rest in the treatment of proximal deep venous thrombosis with low molecular weight heparin"
4223:
2333:
identified 29 separate research priorities, most of which related to patients who are acutely or critically ill. Inhibition of
1545:
can be used to further characterize the clot and
Doppler ultrasound is especially helpful in the non-compressible iliac veins.
1092:
949:
679:
of pain, swelling, and redness. Symptoms concerning for DVT are more often due to other causes, including cellulitis, ruptured
7623:"Pathophysiology of venous thromboembolism with respect to the anatomical features of the deep veins of lower limbs: a review"
4803:
Casella IB, Bosch MA, Sabbag CR (2009). "Incidence and risk factors for bilateral deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs".
3814:
Casella IB, Bosch MA, Sabbag CR (2009). "Incidence and risk factors for bilateral deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs".
12056:
1840:
In DVT in the arm, the first (topmost) rib can be surgically removed as part of the typical treatment when the DVT is due to
1789:
11256:"Daily hospitalization costs in patients with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism treated with anticoagulant therapy"
9181:"NICE Interventional procedures guidance 651: Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy for acute deep vein thrombosis of the leg
12061:
10572:
Golemi I, Salazar Adum JP, Tafur A, Caprini J (August 2019). "Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis using the
Caprini score".
2071:
in 2018. Warfarin, a common vitamin K antagonist, can cause birth defects and is not used for prevention during pregnancy.
1752:
have also been investigated for their potential to reduce recurrent VTE rates, with some studies suggesting effectiveness.
1011:, mildly increases VTE risk by about three times. Deficiencies of three proteins that normally prevent blood from clotting—
9696:
8174:
Wells PS, Ihaddadene R, Reilly A, Forgie MA (January 2018). "Diagnosis of venous thromboembolism: 20 years of progress".
2595:
Kruger PC, Eikelboom JW, Douketis JD, Hankey GJ (June 2019). "Deep vein thrombosis: update on diagnosis and management".
2213:
1096:
10833:
655:
11495:
10919:
10108:
oral contraceptives, sitting in a window seat, advanced age, and pregnancy increase DVT risk in long-distance travelers
2134:
2101:
proximal DVT is left untreated, in the following 3 months approximately half of people will experience symptomatic PE.
2048:
441:
194:
2228:
died at age 39 while covering the Iraq War from a PE that was thought to have progressed from a missed DVT, and actor
643:
7957:
4079:
Chinsakchai K, Ten Duis K, Moll FL, de Borst GJ (January 2011). "Trends in management of phlegmasia cerulea dolens".
1243:
578:. Phlegmasia cerulea dolens can occur in the arm but more commonly affects the leg. If found in the setting of acute
10547:
1307:, the standard treatment for DVT, prevents further clot growth and PE, but does not act directly on existing clots.
12211:
11828:
2365:
1088:
605:
because the clot abnormally travels from the pulmonary circuit to the systemic circuit while inside the heart. The
10642:
6781:"Assessing the risk of venous thromboembolic events in women taking progestin-only contraception: a meta-analysis"
6744:
Bovill EG, van der Vliet A (2011). "Venous valvular stasis-associated hypoxia and thrombosis: what is the link?".
6418:"Behçet's syndrome as a tool to dissect the mechanisms of thrombo-inflammation: clinical and pathogenetic aspects"
2286:
Multiple pharmacological therapies for DVT were introduced in the 20th century: oral anticoagulants in the 1940s,
1888:, a rare and severe arm DVT shown here in a judo practitioner, with highly restricted blood flow shown in the vein
972:
increase the risk through a variety of mechanisms, including altered blood coagulation protein levels and reduced
11843:
11704:
6891:
Varga EA, Kujovich JL (January 2012). "Management of inherited thrombophilia: guide for genetics professionals".
2205:
1606:
An abdominal CT scan demonstrating an iliofemoral DVT, with the clot in the right common iliac vein of the pelvis
1461:
Recently bedridden ≥ 3 days, or major surgery requiring regional or general anesthetic in the past 12 weeks
1316:
1266:
1185:
Upper extremity DVTs can occur in the subclavian, axillary, brachial, ulnar, and radial veins (pictured) and the
957:
354:
198:
133:
10474:
Margaglione M, Grandone E (February 2011). "Population genetics of venous thromboembolism. A narrative review".
12162:
10206:"Long-term risk of postthrombotic syndrome after symptomatic distal deep vein thrombosis: The CACTUS-PTS study"
9454:
6605:
Falanga A, Russo L, Milesi V, Vignoli A (October 2017). "Mechanisms and risk factors of thrombosis in cancer".
2346:
2330:
2068:
1817:
1685:
1207:
1064:
798:
213:
8854:
Early mobilization for patients with venous thromboembolism: a review of clinical effectiveness and guidelines
1303:
dissolving a clot—or other conditions. Hospitalized patients often have elevated levels for multiple reasons.
1299:, a natural byproduct of fibrinolysis that is typically found in the blood. An elevated level can result from
11974:
8679:"Duration of anticoagulant therapy for venous thromboembolism: balancing benefits and harms on the long term"
5203:
2184:
for herself to have a PE diagnosed and treated. During this encounter with VTE, she was hospitalized after a
1885:
1845:
894:
10738:"Phlebitis, pulmonary emboli and presidential politics: Richard M. Nixon's complicated deep vein thrombosis"
9597:"Exploring opportunities for primary prevention of unprovoked venous thromboembolism: ready for prime time?"
8392:"Anticoagulants versus non-steroidal anti-inflammatories or placebo for treatment of venous thromboembolism"
7810:"Neutrophil extracellular traps: villains and targets in arterial, venous, and cancer-associated thrombosis"
5647:
Schünemann HJ, Cushman M, Burnett AE, Kahn SR, Beyer-Westendorf J, Spencer FA, et al. (November 2018).
5591:
Martinelli I, Bucciarelli P, Mannucci PM (February 2010). "Thrombotic risk factors: basic pathophysiology".
1824:) and in some younger patients with DVT affecting the iliac and common femoral veins. Of note, a variety of
12279:
12199:
11904:
10884:
2299:
described a "furious battle" among the three makers of these drugs "for the prescription pads of doctors".
1965:. Patients suspected of having an acute DVT are often referred to the emergency department for evaluation.
1797:
1673:
969:
937:
692:
508:
492:
229:
178:
10245:
Konstantinides SV, Torbicki A, Agnelli G, Danchin N, Fitzmaurice D, Galiè N, et al. (November 2014).
2282:
Warfarin, a common vitamin K antagonist, was the mainstay of pharmacological treatment for about 50 years.
12294:
12289:
12016:
12006:
10286:
Johannesen CD, Flachs EM, Ebbehøj NE, Marott JL, Jensen GB, Nordestgaard BG, et al. (January 2020).
5013:
Utter GH, Dhillon TS, Salcedo ES, Shouldice DJ, Reynolds CL, Humphries MD, et al. (September 2016).
2523:"Up to 83% of patients treated by any catheter-based therapy, need adjunctive angioplasty, and stenting".
2481:
2398:
2270:
Methods to observe DVT by ultrasound were established in the 1960s. Diagnoses were commonly performed by
708:
587:
488:
483:
At times, DVT can cause symptoms in both arms or both legs, as with bilateral DVT. Rarely, a clot in the
10204:
Galanaud JP, Righini M, Le Collen L, Douillard A, Robert-Ebadi H, Pontal D, et al. (January 2020).
6271:"Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in autoimmune diseases: a systematic review of the literature"
1261:) of a valve sinus. Hypoxemia, which is worsened by venous stasis, activates pathways—ones that include
12395:
12046:
12021:
11838:
11767:
11697:
9478:"Emergency department management of suspected calf-vein deep venous thrombosis: a diagnostic algorithm"
4038:
Konstantinides SV, Meyer G, Becattini C, Bueno H, Geersing GJ, Harjola VP, et al. (January 2020).
2292:
2156:
has spoken at length about a frightening encounter she had with VTE while she was hospitalized in 2017.
1930:
1296:
1262:
921:
704:
504:
1837:. Phlegmasia cerulea dolens might be treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis and/or thrombectomy.
12420:
12363:
12011:
11964:
11814:
11777:
9940:
Bates SM, Rajasekhar A, Middeldorp S, McLintock C, Rodger MA, James AH, et al. (November 2018).
9724:
9242:
Magnuson EA, Chinnakondepalli K, Vilain K, Kearon C, Julian JA, Kahn SR, et al. (October 2019).
8028:
Geersing GJ, Zuithoff NP, Kearon C, Anderson DR, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ, Elf JL, et al. (March 2014).
2271:
1978:
1946:
1926:
1661:
1162:(of the thigh), and iliac veins of the pelvis. Extensive lower-extremity DVT can even reach into the
1112:
996:
933:
571:
570:
A rare and massive DVT that causes significant obstruction and discoloration (including cyanosis) is
350:
346:
225:
129:
125:
10858:
9839:
Falck-Ytter Y, Francis CW, Johanson NA, Curley C, Dahl OE, Schulman S, et al. (February 2012).
9007:"NICE Guideline 158: Venous thromboembolic diseases: diagnosis, management and thrombophilia testing
8537:
Kearon C, Akl EA, Comerota AJ, Prandoni P, Bounameaux H, Goldhaber SZ, et al. (February 2012).
7574:"Leukocytes and the natural history of deep vein thrombosis: current concepts and future directions"
6645:
Fernandes CJ, Morinaga LTK, Alves JL, Castro MA, Calderaro D, Jardim CVP, et al. (March 2019).
6416:
Becatti M, Emmi G, Bettiol A, Silvestri E, Di Scala G, Taddei N, Prisco D, Fiorillo C (March 2019).
6177:"Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with HIV infection: A nationwide cohort study"
6126:
Jiménez D, García-Sanchez A, Rali P, Muriel A, Bikdeli B, Ruiz-Artacho P, et al. (March 2021).
1804:
recommends that further investigations are unwarranted in those without relevant signs or symptoms.
12405:
12218:
12172:
12167:
11991:
11969:
11615:
6026:
Beristain-Covarrubias N, Perez-Toledo M, Thomas MR, Henderson IR, Watson SP, Cunningham AF (2019).
4466:
Bates SM, Jaeschke R, Stevens SM, Goodacre S, Wells PS, Stevenson MD, et al. (February 2012).
4402:
Pristipino C, Sievert H, D'Ascenzo F, Mas JL, Meier B, Scacciatella P, et al. (January 2019).
2954:
Anderson DR, Morgano GP, Bennett C, Dentali F, Francis CW, Garcia DA, et al. (December 2019).
2377:
2173:
have dealt with recurrent blood clots, and Bosh's career was significantly hampered by DVT and PE.
2028:
1966:
1841:
1741:
1278:
940:(SLE) increase risk. SLE itself is frequently associated with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome.
890:
886:
393:
315:
103:
8349:
Jaff MR, McMurtry MS, Archer SL, Cushman M, Goldenberg N, Goldhaber SZ, et al. (April 2011).
5395:"Risk factors for venous thrombosis – current understanding from an epidemiological point of view"
3003:
Raskob GE, Angchaisuksiri P, Blanco AN, Buller H, Gallus A, Hunt BJ, et al. (November 2014).
428:. Beginning warfarin treatment requires an additional non-oral anticoagulant, often injections of
12485:
12460:
12442:
11924:
11919:
11883:
11853:
10384:
Monagle P, Cuello CA, Augustine C, Bonduel M, Brandão LR, Capman T, et al. (November 2018).
9755:
Biere-Rafi S, Hutten BA, Squizzato A, Ageno W, Souverein PC, de Boer A, et al. (June 2013).
9697:"Statins and primary prevention of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
4003:
2369:
1583:
1270:
1239:
1024:
405:
370:
311:
150:
98:
10803:
9888:
Gould MK, Garcia DA, Wren SM, Karanicolas PJ, Arcelus JI, Heit JA, et al. (February 2012).
4663:
Karande GY, Hedgire SS, Sanchez Y, Baliyan V, Mishra V, Ganguli S, et al. (December 2016).
2877:
Mazzolai L, Aboyans V, Ageno W, Agnelli G, Alatri A, Bauersachs R, et al. (December 2018).
929:
12432:
12415:
12410:
12400:
12241:
12177:
11819:
11720:
11336:
Dobesh PP (August 2009). "Economic burden of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients".
9293:"Thoracic outlet syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment"
9102:
Vedantham S, Goldhaber SZ, Julian JA, Kahn SR, Jaff MR, Cohen DJ, et al. (December 2017).
8118:
Stone J, Hangge P, Albadawi H, Wallace A, Shamoun F, Knuttien MG, et al. (December 2017).
6983:
Paulsen B, Skille H, Smith EN, Hveem K, Gabrielsen ME, Brækkan SK, et al. (October 2019).
2287:
2189:
2040:
2003:
1929:(IVC filter) is possible when either the standard treatment for acute DVT, anticoagulation, is
1681:
1538:
1533:
1104:
837:
has been identified as playing a clear causal role. Other related causes include activation of
736:
733:
696:
564:
304:
300:
237:
157:
11655:
10169:
Galanaud JP, Monreal M, Kahn SR (April 2018). "Epidemiology of the post-thrombotic syndrome".
8266:"Diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: new imaging tools and modalities"
6077:
Kaplan D, Casper TC, Elliott CG, Men S, Pendleton RC, Kraiss LW, et al. (November 2015).
5872:"May Thurner syndrome revealed by left calf venous claudication during running, a case report"
5699:
Wong P, Baglin T (2012). "Epidemiology, risk factors and sequelae of venous thromboembolism".
5434:
Tzoran I, Hoffman R, Monreal M (October 2018). "Hemostasis and thrombosis in the oldest old".
1532:
is the standard diagnostic method, and it is highly sensitive for detecting an initial DVT. A
251:
From 0.8–2.7 per 1000 people per year, but populations in China and Korea are below this range
12437:
12182:
12041:
12033:
12001:
11888:
11575:
10517:
10433:
Januel JM, Chen G, Ruffieux C, Quan H, Douketis JD, Crowther MA, et al. (January 2012).
9809:
9291:
Jones MR, Prabhakar A, Viswanath O, Urits I, Green JB, Kendrick JB, et al. (June 2019).
9193:
Comerota AJ, Kearon C, Gu CS, Julian JA, Goldhaber SZ, Kahn SR, et al. (February 2019).
7979:
Vedantham S, Goldhaber SZ, Kahn SR, Julian J, Magnuson E, Jaff MR, et al. (April 2013).
5054:
Comerota AJ, Kearon C, Gu CS, Julian JA, Goldhaber SZ, Kahn SR, et al. (February 2019).
4846:
Johnson SA, Stevens SM, Woller SC, Lake E, Donadini M, Cheng J, et al. (February 2010).
2402:
2381:
2064:
2036:
1825:
1202:
1132:
1049:
1037:
833:
blood vessel lining—contribute to VTE and were used to explain its formation. More recently,
775:
11485:
11254:
Dasta JF, Pilon D, Mody SH, Lopatto J, Laliberté F, Germain G, et al. (February 2015).
8942:
Wallace A, Albadawi H, Hoang P, Fleck A, Naidu S, Knuttinen G, et al. (December 2017).
8822:
6375:
Henke PK, Kahn SR, Pannucci CJ, Secemksy EA, Evans NS, Khorana AA, et al. (June 2020).
5153:
Ageno W, Farjat A, Haas S, Weitz JI, Goldhaber SZ, Turpie AGG, et al. (February 2021).
4255:"Pacemaker-associated phlegmasia cerulea dolens treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis"
861:
from outside the vascular system entering the blood. Minor injuries, lower limb amputation,
12351:
12346:
11942:
8718:
Witt DM, Nieuwlaat R, Clark NP, Ansell J, Holbrook A, Skov J, et al. (November 2018).
6270:
2388:) are more unusual forms of venous thrombosis and they are considered as separate diseases.
1987:
1761:
1641:
1552:
1345:
1324:
1190:
1072:
1032:
1028:
610:
606:
602:
579:
378:
374:
31:
7572:
Saha P, Humphries J, Modarai B, Mattock K, Waltham M, Evans CE, et al. (March 2011).
6757:
3732:"Acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT): evolving treatment strategies and endovascular therapy"
3317:
Klarin D, Busenkell E, Judy R, Lynch J, Levin M, Haessler J, et al. (November 2019).
2291:
required with warfarin and the injections required by heparin and heparin-like medicines,
1348:
assessment using clinical assessment and gestalt, but prediction rules are more reliable.
1274:
1166:(in the abdomen). Upper extremity DVT most commonly affects the subclavian, axillary, and
318:, which can cause pain, swelling, a sensation of heaviness, itching, and in severe cases,
8:
12495:
12427:
12194:
11604:
7205:"Venous thromboembolism in patients with essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera"
6470:
Baglin T (April 2012). "Inherited and acquired risk factors for venous thromboembolism".
6175:
Rokx C, Borjas Howard JF, Smit C, Wit FW, Pieterman ED, Reiss P, et al. (May 2020).
1869:
1853:
1649:
1144:
1053:
1008:
988:
787:
544:
386:
17:
9989:
Bates SM, Greer IA, Middeldorp S, Veenstra DL, Prabulos AM, Vandvik PO (February 2012).
9672:
9645:
8627:"Duration of treatment with vitamin K antagonists in symptomatic venous thromboembolism"
8334:
5829:
Winstein CJ, Stein J, Arena R, Bates B, Cherney LR, Cramer SC, et al. (June 2016).
2165:
to forego participation in races. Professional basketball players including NBA players
2141:
around 30 years of age or in those who do significant amounts of overhead manual labor.
1718:), which vary in the size of their chain, and the synthetic pentasaccaride (five-sugar)
322:. Recurrent VTE occurs in about 30% of those in the ten years following an initial VTE.
59:
12341:
12251:
11833:
11677:
11609:
11531:
11506:
11456:
11431:
11407:
11380:
11361:
11231:
11204:
11053:
11028:
10718:
10597:
10499:
10410:
10385:
10358:
10333:
10146:
10067:
10042:
10015:
9990:
9966:
9941:
9914:
9889:
9865:
9840:
9821:
9737:
9621:
9596:
9502:
9477:
9422:
9397:
9373:
9346:
9317:
9292:
9268:
9243:
9219:
9194:
9128:
9103:
9045:
8970:
8943:
8834:
8744:
8719:
8651:
8626:
8563:
8538:
8467:
8440:
8416:
8391:
8290:
8265:
8199:
8146:
8119:
8054:
8029:
8005:
7980:
7932:
7886:
7834:
7809:
7701:
7674:
7647:
7622:
7598:
7573:
7515:
7490:
7466:
7441:
7269:
7180:
7153:
7052:
7035:
7011:
6984:
6965:
6916:
6868:
6805:
6780:
6673:
6646:
6541:
6515:"Management of systemic lupus erythematosus during pregnancy: challenges and solutions"
6514:
6495:
6444:
6417:
6352:
6325:
6301:
6251:
6203:
6176:
6152:
6127:
6103:
6078:
6054:
6027:
6003:
5976:
5952:
5925:
5898:
5871:
5811:
5724:
5673:
5648:
5616:
5551:
5526:
5459:
5273:
5179:
5154:
5082:
5055:
4995:
4955:
4930:
4913:
4888:
4828:
4785:
4743:
4718:
4691:
4664:
4640:
4613:
4543:
4516:
4492:
4467:
4379:
4352:
4328:
4303:
4279:
4254:
4199:
4172:
4148:
4123:
4104:
3976:
3951:
3922:
3897:
3839:
3796:
3731:
3622:
3572:
3343:
3318:
3237:
3212:
3179:
3154:
2980:
2955:
2805:
2780:
2743:
2718:
2682:
2620:
2401:(COCs) have an approximate two to three times higher risk than second-generation COCs.
2130:
1991:
1548:
1542:
1328:
1163:
1151:. Reductions in fibrinolysis or increases in coagulation can increase the risk of DVT.
1100:
925:
917:
870:
826:
818:
747:
634:
614:
556:
524:
484:
330:
296:
90:
84:
11133:
9715:
9413:
9210:
9077:
9033:
7737:
7355:
Zöller B, Svensson PJ, Dahlbäck B, Lind-Hallden C, Hallden C, Elf J (September 2020).
7257:
5977:"Bilateral upper extremity DVT in a 43-year-old man: is it thoracic outlet syndrome?!"
5072:
4717:
Khan F, Rahman A, Carrier M, Kearon C, Weitz JI, Schulman S, et al. (July 2019).
4612:
Mukhopadhyay S, Johnson TA, Duru N, Buzza MS, Pawar NR, Sarkar R, et al. (2019).
3874:
3211:
Ortel TL, Neumann I, Ageno W, Beyth R, Clark NP, Cuker A, et al. (October 2020).
2051:, which is the preferred mechanical prophylaxis over graduated compression stockings.
2044:
1147:
and the clearing of clots that are no longer needed is accomplished by the process of
12132:
12081:
11981:
11626:
11536:
11491:
11461:
11412:
11353:
11318:
11277:
11236:
11148:
11102:
11097:
11080:
11058:
11004:
10963:
10915:
10759:
10722:
10710:
10589:
10491:
10456:
10415:
10401:
10363:
10309:
10268:
10227:
10186:
10151:
10072:
10020:
9971:
9957:
9919:
9870:
9813:
9778:
9729:
9677:
9626:
9574:
9507:
9427:
9378:
9322:
9273:
9224:
9133:
9081:
9037:
8975:
8924:
8893:
8857:
8826:
8790:
8785:
8768:
8767:
Keeling D, Baglin T, Tait C, Watson H, Perry D, Baglin C, et al. (August 2011).
8749:
8735:
8700:
8695:
8678:
8656:
8595:
8568:
8516:
8472:
8421:
8372:
8295:
8243:
8191:
8151:
8095:
8059:
8010:
7924:
7878:
7858:
7839:
7787:
7741:
7706:
7652:
7603:
7520:
7471:
7419:
7414:
7397:
7378:
7337:
7296:
7261:
7226:
7185:
7134:
7098:
7057:
7016:
6957:
6908:
6904:
6860:
6810:
6761:
6719:
6678:
6622:
6618:
6587:
6546:
6487:
6449:
6398:
6357:
6293:
6255:
6243:
6208:
6157:
6108:
6059:
6008:
5957:
5903:
5852:
5815:
5803:
5768:
5763:
5746:
5716:
5678:
5664:
5608:
5556:
5507:
5451:
5416:
5411:
5394:
5366:
5325:
5277:
5265:
5184:
5135:
5087:
5036:
4987:
4918:
4869:
4820:
4789:
4748:
4696:
4645:
4589:
4548:
4497:
4435:
4384:
4333:
4284:
4204:
4153:
4096:
4061:
4015:
3981:
3927:
3878:
3831:
3788:
3746:
3712:
3707:
3690:
3668:
3614:
3564:
3482:
3438:
3394:
3348:
3286:
3242:
3228:
3184:
3122:
3066:
3026:
2985:
2971:
2900:
2810:
2748:
2674:
2624:
2612:
1962:
1591:
1377:
1108:
1060:
791:
783:
512:
476:), dilation of surface veins, warmth, discoloration, a "pulling sensation", and even
265:
145:
137:
72:
10601:
10585:
10503:
10041:
Kahn SR, Lim W, Dunn AS, Cushman M, Dentali F, Akl EA, et al. (February 2012).
9825:
9741:
9259:
9049:
8838:
8203:
7936:
7890:
7332:
7315:
7273:
6872:
6305:
5728:
5620:
5463:
4999:
4832:
4231:
3858:
3843:
3626:
3576:
2196:
Other notable people have been affected by DVT. Former United States (US) President
12137:
11786:
11689:
11666:
11526:
11518:
11451:
11443:
11402:
11392:
11365:
11345:
11308:
11272:
11267:
11255:
11226:
11216:
11092:
11048:
11040:
10994:
10953:
10749:
10702:
10581:
10483:
10446:
10405:
10397:
10353:
10349:
10345:
10299:
10258:
10217:
10182:
10178:
10141:
10137:
10133:
10062:
10054:
10010:
10002:
9961:
9953:
9909:
9901:
9860:
9852:
9805:
9768:
9719:
9711:
9667:
9662:
9657:
9616:
9608:
9564:
9497:
9489:
9417:
9409:
9368:
9358:
9312:
9304:
9263:
9255:
9214:
9206:
9123:
9115:
9073:
9029:
8965:
8955:
8885:
8818:
8780:
8739:
8731:
8690:
8646:
8642:
8638:
8558:
8550:
8508:
8462:
8452:
8411:
8407:
8403:
8362:
8329:
8285:
8277:
8233:
8183:
8141:
8131:
8049:
8041:
8000:
7992:
7916:
7870:
7829:
7821:
7777:
7733:
7696:
7686:
7642:
7634:
7593:
7585:
7510:
7502:
7461:
7453:
7409:
7368:
7327:
7253:
7216:
7175:
7165:
7130:
7126:
7088:
7047:
7006:
6996:
6985:"Fibrinogen gamma gene rs2066865 and risk of cancer-related venous thromboembolism"
6969:
6949:
6920:
6900:
6850:
6800:
6792:
6753:
6709:
6668:
6658:
6614:
6577:
6536:
6526:
6499:
6479:
6439:
6429:
6388:
6347:
6337:
6285:
6235:
6198:
6188:
6147:
6139:
6098:
6090:
6049:
6039:
5998:
5988:
5947:
5937:
5893:
5883:
5842:
5799:
5795:
5758:
5708:
5668:
5660:
5600:
5546:
5538:
5497:
5443:
5406:
5356:
5315:
5255:
5174:
5166:
5125:
5077:
5067:
5026:
4979:
4950:
4942:
4908:
4900:
4859:
4812:
4777:
4738:
4730:
4686:
4676:
4635:
4625:
4579:
4538:
4528:
4487:
4479:
4425:
4415:
4374:
4364:
4323:
4315:
4274:
4266:
4194:
4184:
4143:
4135:
4088:
4051:
3971:
3963:
3917:
3909:
3870:
3823:
3800:
3780:
3702:
3658:
3606:
3554:
3546:
3472:
3428:
3384:
3338:
3330:
3276:
3232:
3224:
3174:
3166:
3112:
3016:
2975:
2967:
2890:
2800:
2792:
2738:
2730:
2686:
2664:
2604:
2511:
2326:
2250:
2181:
1958:
1785:
1781:
1773:
1769:
1376:
Calf swelling ≥ 3 cm compared to asymptomatic calf (measured 10 cm below
1230:
743:
540:
500:
288:
11432:"Venous thrombosis and post-thrombotic syndrome: from novel biomarkers to biology"
10706:
7373:
7356:
3389:
3372:
3281:
3264:
2149:
1848:. This treatment involves initial anticoagulation followed by thrombolysis of the
1618:
Vascular anatomy for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) point of care ultrasound (POCUS)
809:
12329:
12324:
12236:
11959:
11914:
11794:
11620:
11313:
11296:
10247:"2014 ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism"
10122:"Compression stockings for preventing deep vein thrombosis in airline passengers"
9493:
8889:
8367:
8350:
7782:
7765:
7093:
7076:
7001:
6714:
6697:
6393:
6376:
6193:
5847:
5830:
5604:
5361:
5344:
4983:
4108:
2201:
2177:
2170:
2153:
1905:
1849:
1765:
1733:
1332:
1304:
1181:
1052:
variant rs2066865 have about a 1.6 times higher risk of VTE. The genetic variant
1000:
956:
treatment also increases risk. Obesity increases the potential of blood to clot,
874:
854:
680:
413:
382:
279:
The most common life-threatening concern with DVT is the potential for a clot to
166:
11029:"Virchow's contribution to the understanding of thrombosis and cellular biology"
9347:"A case of Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS) in a young judo tutor: a case report"
8853:
8587:
8512:
7288:
6566:"The antiphospholipid syndrome – often overlooked cause of vascular occlusions?"
6143:
6079:"VTE incidence and risk factors in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock"
6028:"Understanding infection-induced thrombosis: lessons learned from animal models"
6025:
5924:
Hangge P, Rotellini-Coltvet L, Deipolyi AR, Albadawi H, Oklu R (December 2017).
2651:
12378:
12228:
12091:
12051:
11986:
11947:
11858:
11221:
10754:
10737:
10263:
10246:
9773:
9756:
8912:
8083:
7825:
7589:
7457:
6663:
6239:
5320:
5303:
5155:"Provoked versus unprovoked venous thromboembolism: Findings from GARFIELD-VTE"
5031:
5014:
4584:
4567:
4270:
4189:
4056:
4039:
3663:
3646:
3417:"Incidence of venous thromboembolism in Asian populations: a systematic review"
3021:
3004:
2895:
2878:
2781:"Environmental and genetic risk factors associated with venous thromboembolism"
2349:
are potential therapies that might treat VTE without increasing bleeding risk.
2263:
2097:
1777:
1551:, MRI venography, or a non-contrast MRI are also diagnostic possibilities. The
1222:
1193:(not pictured). The cephalic and basilic veins, however, are superficial veins.
1155:
1087:
levels are associated with increased risk. Other associated conditions include
1068:
945:
712:
618:
190:
11631:
11594:
11590:
10693:
Andrews BL, Friedman Ross L (February 2021). "Black Women and Babies Matter".
9363:
9308:
8439:
Fleck D, Albadawi H, Wallace A, Knuttinen G, Naidu S, Oklu R (December 2017).
8281:
7996:
7170:
7036:"Homocystinuria: a rare disorder presenting as cerebral sinovenous thrombosis"
5888:
5712:
4770:"Significant risk of another thrombosis remains if anticoagulation is stopped"
3913:
3610:
3334:
3170:
2734:
1668:(a factor Xa inhibitor). Other anticoagulants cannot be taken by mouth. These
1197:
In arterial thrombosis, blood vessel wall damage is required, as it initiates
12479:
12246:
11909:
11505:
Guyatt GH, Akl EA, Crowther M, Gutterman DD, Schuünemann HJ (February 2012).
7920:
6837:
6269:
Borjas-Howard JF, Leeuw K, Rutgers A, Meijer K, Tichelaar VYIG (March 2019).
6044:
5130:
5113:
4816:
4630:
4369:
4092:
3827:
3117:
3100:
2329:
associated with VTE. In their updated 2018 clinical practice guidelines, the
2229:
2217:
2197:
2162:
1995:
1901:
1793:
1286:
1214:
to release tissue factor. Monocytes are also recruited early in the process.
1120:
858:
842:
838:
822:
326:
12073:
9612:
9569:
9552:
9104:"Pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep-vein thrombosis"
8960:
8856:(Report). Ottawa, ON: Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health.
8457:
8136:
7638:
7154:"Increased risk of deep vein thrombosis in end-stage renal disease patients"
6779:
Mantha S, Karp R, Raghavan V, Terrin N, Bauer KA, Zwicker JI (August 2012).
6342:
5942:
4681:
4319:
4171:
Aggarwal DG, Bhojraj SS, Behrainwalla AA, Jani CK, Mehta SS (January 2018).
4139:
2921:
2450:/mL fibrinogen equivalent units (FEU). A normal level is below these values.
1917:
1636:
Some anticoagulants can be taken by mouth, and these oral medicines include
1289:, which presumably begin clotting after binding to the endothelial surface.
12387:
12299:
12114:
11804:
11747:
11540:
11465:
11447:
11416:
11357:
11322:
11281:
11240:
11106:
11062:
11008:
10967:
10763:
10714:
10593:
10495:
10460:
10451:
10434:
10419:
10367:
10313:
10272:
10231:
10190:
10155:
10076:
10024:
9975:
9923:
9874:
9817:
9782:
9733:
9681:
9630:
9578:
9511:
9431:
9382:
9326:
9277:
9228:
9137:
9085:
9041:
8979:
8928:
8897:
8861:
8830:
8794:
8753:
8704:
8660:
8599:
8572:
8520:
8476:
8425:
8376:
8315:"Subsartorial vessels as replacement names for superficial femoral vessels"
8299:
8247:
8195:
8155:
8099:
8063:
8014:
7928:
7882:
7874:
7843:
7791:
7745:
7710:
7656:
7607:
7524:
7475:
7423:
7382:
7341:
7300:
7265:
7230:
7189:
7138:
7102:
7061:
7033:
7020:
6961:
6953:
6912:
6864:
6855:
6814:
6765:
6723:
6682:
6626:
6591:
6550:
6491:
6483:
6453:
6402:
6361:
6297:
6289:
6247:
6212:
6161:
6112:
6063:
6012:
5961:
5907:
5856:
5807:
5772:
5720:
5682:
5612:
5560:
5511:
5455:
5447:
5420:
5370:
5329:
5269:
5188:
5139:
5091:
5040:
4991:
4922:
4873:
4824:
4752:
4700:
4649:
4593:
4552:
4501:
4439:
4420:
4403:
4388:
4337:
4288:
4208:
4157:
4100:
4065:
4019:
3985:
3967:
3931:
3882:
3835:
3792:
3750:
3716:
3672:
3618:
3568:
3486:
3442:
3398:
3352:
3290:
3246:
3188:
3126:
3070:
3030:
2989:
2904:
2814:
2796:
2752:
2678:
2616:
1999:
1942:
1812:
1719:
1677:
1587:
1186:
1175:
1167:
1159:
1148:
1044:
than those with O blood type, increasing the likelihood of clotting. Those
1020:
973:
953:
913:
862:
834:
598:
532:
337:, and inflammation. Risk factors include recent surgery, older age, active
233:
11349:
11152:
10332:
Grosse SD, Nelson RE, Nyarko KA, Richardson LC, Raskob GE (January 2016).
10058:
10006:
9905:
9856:
9195:"Endovascular thrombus removal for acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis"
9180:
9119:
8554:
8441:"Below-knee deep vein thrombosis (DVT): diagnostic and treatment patterns"
7398:"Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis: what we know and what we are doing"
6094:
5993:
5056:"Endovascular Thrombus Removal for Acute Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis"
4781:
4533:
4483:
3952:"Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and natural history of pulmonary embolism"
3597:
Ratchford EV, Evans NS (March 2017). "Approach to lower extremity edema".
2669:
325:
The mechanism behind DVT formation typically involves some combination of
12452:
11848:
11650:
11522:
11044:
10958:
10941:
10487:
9006:
7691:
7221:
7204:
6531:
5542:
4864:
4847:
4517:"Painful swollen leg – think beyond deep vein thrombosis or Baker's cyst"
3950:
Turetz M, Sideris AT, Friedman OA, Triphathi N, Horowitz JM (June 2018).
3433:
3416:
2240:
2225:
2209:
2106:
2079:
1983:
1645:
1218:
1198:
1041:
984:
968:
tearing releases substances that favor clotting. Oral contraceptives and
830:
574:. It is life-threatening, limb-threatening, and carries a risk of venous
535:), travels through the right side of the heart, and becomes lodged as an
417:
334:
111:
11558:
11397:
10120:
Clarke MJ, Broderick C, Hopewell S, Juszczak E, Eisinga A (April 2021).
7506:
5926:"Paget-Schroetter syndrome: treatment of venous thrombosis and outcomes"
5524:
4946:
4904:
4430:
3559:
1391:
Swollen unilateral superficial veins (non-varicose, in symptomatic leg)
952:. In severe cases, this can lead to simultaneous clotting and bleeding.
12368:
12358:
12319:
12263:
12256:
12086:
11672:
10304:
10287:
9153:"Clot-busting drugs not recommended for most patients with blood clots"
8120:"Deep vein thrombosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and medical management"
7808:
Thålin C, Hisada Y, Lundström S, Mackman N, Wallén H (September 2019).
6582:
6565:
5923:
5170:
3771:
Stubbs MJ, Mouyis M, Thomas M (February 2018). "Deep vein thrombosis".
3550:
2608:
2342:
2338:
2278:
2166:
1954:
1950:
1900:
After treatment with catheter-directed thrombolysis, blood flow in the
1669:
1657:
1556:
1282:
1140:
1076:
1045:
961:
688:
672:
583:
552:
548:
366:
362:
269:
220:
174:
162:
11183:"The drugs that companies promote to doctors are rarely breakthroughs"
10999:
10982:
10222:
10205:
8390:
Cundiff DK, Manyemba J, Pezzullo JC (January 2006). Cundiff DK (ed.).
8238:
8221:
8045:
6796:
6434:
5525:
Previtali E, Bucciarelli P, Passamonti SM, Martinelli I (April 2011).
5502:
5485:
5260:
5243:
4734:
4568:"Clinical presentation of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism"
4173:"Phlegmasia cerulea dolens following heparin-induced thrombocytopenia"
3477:
3460:
3263:
Borgel D, Bianchini E, Lasne D, Pascreau T, Saller F (December 2019).
2480:
Evidence for anticoagulation comes from studies other than definitive
2067:. Preventive measures for pregnancy-related VTE were suggested by the
2055:
surgeries, early and frequent walking is the best preventive measure.
2006:
to prevent one initial VTE is about 2000, limiting its applicability.
1856:
to relieve the thoracic outlet compression and prevent recurrent DVT.
1696:
979:
12122:
11863:
11799:
11755:
11738:
11733:
11661:
11134:"Diagnostic test comparisons in patients with deep venous thrombosis"
10092:"New DVT guidelines: No evidence to support "economy-class syndrome""
8187:
5869:
5486:"Management of venous thromboembolism – controversies and the future"
3784:
3689:
Lloyd NS, Douketis JD, Moinuddin I, Lim W, Crowther MA (March 2008).
3461:"Management of venous thromboembolism – controversies and the future"
2334:
2255:
2185:
2110:
1258:
1249:
1235:
1211:
1139:
Blood has a natural tendency to clot when blood vessels are damaged (
1084:
1080:
1016:
1012:
878:
866:
560:
528:
358:
273:
189:
Frequent walking, calf exercises, maintaining a healthy body weight,
10244:
9241:
5015:"Therapeutic anticoagulation for isolated calf deep vein thrombosis"
12336:
11938:
11875:
11809:
11760:
11430:
Metz AK, Diaz JA, Obi AT, Wakefield TW, Myers DD, Henke PK (2018).
8769:"Guidelines on oral anticoagulation with warfarin – fourth edition"
6838:"Factor V Leiden: how great is the risk of venous thromboembolism?"
3730:
Conklin P, Soares GM, Dubel GJ, Ahn SH, Murphy TP (December 2009).
3153:
Heil J, Miesbach W, Vogl T, Bechstein WO, Reinisch A (April 2017).
2485:
2023:
1909:
1665:
1653:
1637:
1630:
1004:
965:
909:
905:
877:, paralysis, sitting, long-haul travel, bed rest, hospitalization,
846:
759:
700:
684:
575:
496:
477:
425:
421:
280:
241:
170:
11027:
Kumar DR, Hanlin E, Glurich I, Mazza JJ, Yale SH (December 2010).
10548:"Serena Williams on motherhood, marriage, and making her comeback"
9939:
8084:"Diagnosing DVT in nonpregnant adults in the primary care setting"
7859:"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Arterial and Venous Thrombosis"
7354:
7034:
Eslamiyeh H, Ashrafzadeh F, Akhondian J, Beiraghi Toosi M (2015).
885:. Conditions that involve compromised blood flow in the veins are
746:
when the clots are developing or have recently developed, whereas
10617:"Expert: Chris Bosh, like many, at risk of blood clot recurrence"
10203:
9345:
Ijaopo R, Oguntolu V, DCosta D, Garnham A, Hobbs S (March 2016).
7724:
López JA, Chen J (2009). "Pathophysiology of venous thrombosis".
7675:"Resolution of deep venous thrombosis: proposed immune paradigms"
4401:
4037:
2221:
1447:
1300:
1292:
536:
503:. It can co-occur with DVT and can be felt as a "palpable cord".
437:
429:
401:
389:. In total, dozens of genetic risk factors have been identified.
342:
284:
202:
121:
11297:"Economic burden of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review"
10779:"Hillary Clinton has not been quick to share health information"
9838:
6644:
3002:
1586:
showing absence of flow and hyperechogenic content in a clotted
778:
compared to proximal DVT. Calf DVT makes up about half of DVTs.
11729:
11585:
11570:
10983:"The history and historical treatments of deep vein thrombosis"
10119:
9757:"Statin treatment and the risk of recurrent pulmonary embolism"
8913:"Anticoagulation: updated guidelines for outpatient management"
7907:
Myers DD (March 2015). "Pathophysiology of venous thrombosis".
6268:
6125:
4170:
4078:
2447:
1990:
are thought to reduce risk. Statins have been investigated for
1749:
1705:
1226:
901:
882:
790:; elsewhere, it has been defined as involving at a minimum the
767:
594:
338:
319:
117:
10571:
9754:
9475:
8944:"Statins as a preventative therapy for venous thromboembolism"
8027:
7115:
6834:
3949:
2532:
Estimated in United States dollars, estimate published in 2019
452:
10383:
10285:
8874:
8807:
8438:
7320:
Hematology. American
Society of Hematology. Education Program
6835:
Shaheen K, Alraies MC, Alraiyes AH, Christie R (April 2012).
5974:
5785:
5590:
5392:
5304:"Mechanistic view of risk factors for venous thromboembolism"
5244:"Cytokine and chemokine regulation of venous thromboembolism"
4931:"Correction: Diagnosis and treatment of deep-vein thrombosis"
4614:"Fibrinolysis and inflammation in venous thrombus resolution"
3265:"Inflammation in deep vein thrombosis: a therapeutic target?"
2953:
2594:
2489:
2443:
1365:
Active cancer (treatment within last 6 months or palliative)
469:
462:
10331:
9988:
9290:
9101:
7978:
7807:
7491:"Anatomic distribution of deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy"
5870:
Béliard S, Feuvrier D, Ducroux E, Salomon du Mont L (2018).
5646:
5012:
4665:"Advanced imaging in acute and chronic deep vein thrombosis"
4662:
4611:
4465:
3262:
3098:
1590:(labeled subsartorial) distal to the branching point of the
671:
In most suspected cases, DVT is ruled out after evaluation.
287:
through the right side of the heart, and become lodged in a
12105:
11378:
10942:"In search of venous thromboembolism: the first 2913 years"
9344:
8585:
8173:
7571:
6415:
3415:
Lee LH, Gallus A, Jindal R, Wang C, Wu CC (December 2017).
2876:
2364:
Venous thrombosis associated with drainage from the brain (
2309:
1834:
1801:
292:
11504:
9887:
9795:
9646:"Statins for primary prevention of venous thromboembolism"
9476:
Kitchen L, Lawrence M, Speicher M, Frumkin K (July 2016).
8612:
8222:"Controversies in the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism"
8117:
3504:
3005:"Thrombosis: a major contributor to global disease burden"
2778:
723:
10094:. American College of Chest Physicians. 7 February 2012.
8941:
8536:
8348:
6604:
6374:
5301:
3859:"Physical examination findings in deep venous thrombosis"
3688:
3152:
8717:
8676:
7286:
6938:
6778:
6174:
5393:
Lijfering WM, Rosendaal FR, Cannegieter SC (June 2010).
4845:
3316:
2200:
had recurrent DVT, and so has former Secretary of State
1714:
Structural representations of the backbone of heparins (
1246:, which inhibits the breakdown of clots (fibrinolysis).
916:, increase risk. Chronic inflammatory diseases and some
845:
in the blood, the concentration of oxygen, and possible
11205:"Direct oral anticoagulants and venous thromboembolism"
11176:
11174:
11026:
10669:"Serena Williams Hospitalized After Pulmonary Embolism"
8766:
8498:
8389:
8322:
International Journal of Anatomy, Radiology and Surgery
7856:
6982:
6225:
5828:
4716:
3895:
3535:
3099:
Abbattista M, Capecchi M, Martinelli I (January 2020).
2779:
Crous-Bou M, Harrington LB, Kabrhel C (November 2016).
1143:) to minimize blood loss. Clotting is activated by the
889:, where a vein of the pelvis is compressed, and venous
633:
A CT image with red arrows indicating PE (grey) in the
416:
is the standard treatment. Typical medications include
392:
People suspected of having DVT can be assessed using a
10980:
10834:"11 Celebrities Who Battled Deep Vein Thrombosis Risk"
10432:
10292:
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
9192:
9018:
7244:
Kyrle PA, Eichinger S (2005). "Deep vein thrombosis".
6076:
5053:
4514:
3896:
Campello E, Ilich A, Simioni P, Key NS (August 2019).
3210:
1285:, prompting monocytes to release tissue factor-filled
897:, where compression occurs near the base of the neck.
11253:
10643:"Chris Bosh officially out as Heat make playoff push"
9395:
8624:
6647:"Cancer-associated thrombosis: the when, how and why"
5241:
4350:
3729:
2471:
is a proposed name for a section of the femoral vein.
1884:
A venogram before catheter-directed thrombolysis for
1450:, or recent cast immobilization of lower extremities
12491:
Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
11719:
11548:
11429:
11379:
Fernandez MM, Hogue S, Preblick R, Kwong WJ (2015).
11171:
10859:"Coroner: Rapper Heavy D died of blood clot in lung"
10692:
9396:
Turner TE, Saeed MJ, Novak E, Brown DL (July 2018).
7857:
Laridan E, Martinod K, De Meyer SF (February 2019).
6698:"How I treat disseminated intravascular coagulation"
6326:"The role of inflammation in venous thromboembolism"
5975:
Jabri H, Mukherjee S, Sanghavi D, Chalise S (2014).
5433:
5302:
Reitsma PH, Versteeg HH, Middeldorp S (March 2012).
5152:
3599:
Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
3373:"Global burden of thrombosis: epidemiologic aspects"
2652:"Update on the management of venous thromboembolism"
2488:
and safety for anticoagulation vs. placebo or using
2137:, and it is present in about 70% of those with VTE.
11159:
11113:
10473:
10288:"Sedentary work and risk of venous thromboembolism"
10168:
9694:
9179:National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
9062:
9005:National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
8910:
8677:de Jong PG, Coppens M, Middeldorp S (August 2012).
8264:Rahaghi FN, Minhas JK, Heresi GA (September 2018).
8263:
7488:
7442:"Fibrinolysis and the control of blood coagulation"
6743:
6512:
6323:
5740:
5738:
5159:
Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
4969:
4515:Arumilli BR, Lenin Babu V, Paul AS (January 2008).
3414:
2510:An INR is determined from the ratio of a patient's
2009:
1941:Patients with a history of DVT might be managed by
649:
A case of phlegmasia cerulea dolens in the left leg
27:
Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in a deep vein
11294:
11081:"Virchow and his triad: a question of attribution"
10040:
7814:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
7672:
7578:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
7074:
6836:
6563:
6472:Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
5308:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
4802:
3813:
3770:
3651:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
3647:"A clinical perspective of venous thromboembolism"
3009:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
2650:
1530:ultrasonography for suspected deep vein thrombosis
1435:Localized tenderness along the deep venous system
468:Additional signs and symptoms include tenderness,
11202:
10981:Galanaud JP, Laroche JP, Righini M (March 2013).
8625:Middeldorp S, Prins MH, Hutten BA (August 2014).
8215:
8213:
7395:
7357:"Genetic risk factors for venous thromboembolism"
7075:Ortel TL, Erkan D, Kitchens CS (September 2015).
6319:
6317:
6315:
5876:BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation
5527:"Risk factors for venous and arterial thrombosis"
4889:"Diagnosis and treatment of deep-vein thrombosis"
4572:Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology
4301:
4259:Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine
2109:, a sensation of heaviness, and in severe cases,
12477:
11131:
10735:
9695:Kunutsor SK, Seidu S, Khunti K (February 2017).
9644:Li L, Zhang P, Tian JH, Yang K (December 2014).
9248:Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes
8851:
6640:
6638:
6636:
5744:
5735:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3101:"Treatment of unusual thrombotic manifestations"
2716:
2232:had DVT that progressed to a PE when he was 89.
2031:, a procedure that can precipitate DVT formation
1273:, which can activate these pathways, as well as
613:is thought to allow clots to travel through the
10036:
10034:
9643:
9550:
8911:Wigle P, Hein B, Bernheisel CR (October 2019).
8586:Shikdar S, Vashisht R, Bhattacharya PT (2021).
8077:
8075:
8073:
7759:
7757:
7755:
7668:
7666:
7620:
7489:Chan WS, Spencer FA, Ginsberg JS (April 2010).
7287:McLendon K, Goyal A, Bansal P, Attia M (2020).
7077:"How I treat catastrophic thrombotic syndromes"
5114:"Long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism"
4839:
4712:
4710:
3856:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3370:
11381:"Review of the cost of venous thromboembolism"
11372:
9590:
9588:
8210:
7972:
7803:
7801:
7673:Nicklas JM, Gordon AE, Henke PK (March 2020).
7435:
7433:
7243:
6519:Open Access Rheumatology: Research and Reviews
6312:
5483:
5242:Najem MY, Couturaud F, Lemarié CA (May 2020).
5204:"Clot Chronicles: unprovoked vs. provoked VTE"
4928:
4886:
4230:. American College of Surgeons. Archived from
3997:
3995:
3596:
3458:
3454:
3452:
2717:Heit JA, Spencer FA, White RH (January 2016).
2405:use is not associated with increased VTE risk.
1483:Positive D-dimer (≥ 0.5 mcg/mL or 1.7 nmol/L)
1402:Unilateral pitting edema (in symptomatic leg)
1269:. Hypoxemia also results in the production of
93:, redness, enlarged veins in the affected limb
67:DVT in the right leg with swelling and redness
11705:
11180:
11132:Line BR, Peters TL, Keenan J (January 1997).
11074:
11072:
11022:
11020:
11018:
10935:
10933:
10931:
10084:
9594:
8219:
7902:
7900:
7850:
7482:
7280:
7027:
6890:
6830:
6828:
6826:
6824:
6633:
6019:
5694:
5692:
5586:
5584:
5582:
5580:
5578:
5576:
5574:
5572:
5570:
5518:
3493:
3359:
3258:
3256:
3155:"Deep vein thrombosis of the upper extremity"
2949:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2590:
2588:
2586:
1986:reduce DVT risk. Avoiding both smoking and a
1277:, which regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1
732:DVT and PE are the two manifestations of the
409:to 20% of what is seen in Western countries.
10827:
10825:
10804:"Cheney diagnosed with deep-vein thrombosis"
10686:
10467:
10379:
10377:
10031:
9935:
9933:
9832:
9544:
9186:
9175:
9173:
9001:
8999:
8997:
8995:
8993:
8991:
8989:
8935:
8845:
8070:
7752:
7663:
7439:
6598:
5863:
5479:
5477:
5475:
5473:
5427:
5388:
5386:
5384:
5382:
5380:
5297:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5229:
4707:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4449:
3945:
3943:
3941:
3684:
3682:
3583:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3136:
2719:"The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism"
2584:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2446:/mL D-dimer units (DDU) or greater than 0.5
1792:." It is not recommended practice to obtain
1755:
353:of VTE, trauma, injuries, lack of movement,
132:of VTE, injuries, trauma, lack of movement,
11423:
11203:Franchini M, Mannucci PM (September 2016).
11198:
11196:
10197:
10126:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
9650:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
9585:
9526:"Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter Placement"
9340:
9338:
9336:
9097:
9095:
8672:
8670:
8631:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
8532:
8530:
8396:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
8259:
8257:
7956:. Mayo Medical Laboratories. Archived from
7798:
7763:
7679:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
7430:
7348:
7307:
7237:
4656:
4607:
4605:
4603:
4295:
4252:
3992:
3863:Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
3857:Kennedy D, Setnik G, Li J (November 2001).
3850:
3640:
3638:
3636:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3449:
3312:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3300:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2648:
12285:Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency
11712:
11698:
11247:
11069:
11015:
10928:
10541:
10539:
10279:
8432:
8312:
8169:
8167:
8165:
7897:
7537:
7313:
7202:
6934:
6932:
6930:
6821:
6695:
6557:
6262:
6119:
6070:
5698:
5689:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5636:
5634:
5632:
5630:
5567:
5111:
4776:(Plain English summary). 31 October 2019.
4565:
4302:Abdul W, Hickey B, Wilson C (April 2016).
4121:
4033:
4031:
4029:
3889:
3764:
3410:
3408:
3253:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3094:
3092:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3040:
2940:
2926:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2842:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2262:In 1856, German physician and pathologist
518:
58:
30:"DVT" redirects here. For other uses, see
11530:
11455:
11406:
11396:
11312:
11271:
11230:
11220:
11096:
11078:
11052:
10998:
10974:
10957:
10831:
10822:
10753:
10736:Pascarella L, Pappas TN (February 2013).
10450:
10409:
10374:
10357:
10327:
10325:
10323:
10303:
10262:
10221:
10145:
10066:
10014:
9965:
9930:
9913:
9864:
9789:
9772:
9725:1983/5a398e70-6c7c-40bd-a8d4-53c24d84f1a2
9723:
9671:
9661:
9620:
9601:Journal of the American Heart Association
9568:
9501:
9482:The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
9421:
9372:
9362:
9316:
9267:
9218:
9170:
9127:
8986:
8969:
8959:
8801:
8784:
8743:
8711:
8694:
8650:
8562:
8466:
8456:
8415:
8366:
8333:
8289:
8237:
8145:
8135:
8053:
8021:
8004:
7833:
7781:
7723:
7700:
7690:
7646:
7597:
7514:
7465:
7413:
7389:
7372:
7331:
7220:
7179:
7169:
7092:
7068:
7051:
7010:
7000:
6854:
6804:
6739:
6737:
6735:
6733:
6713:
6672:
6662:
6581:
6564:Svenungsson E, Antovic A (January 2020).
6540:
6530:
6465:
6463:
6443:
6433:
6392:
6368:
6351:
6341:
6202:
6192:
6151:
6102:
6053:
6043:
6002:
5992:
5951:
5941:
5919:
5917:
5897:
5887:
5846:
5762:
5672:
5550:
5501:
5470:
5410:
5377:
5360:
5319:
5284:
5259:
5226:
5178:
5146:
5129:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5081:
5071:
5030:
5006:
4954:
4912:
4880:
4863:
4742:
4690:
4680:
4639:
4629:
4583:
4559:
4542:
4532:
4491:
4446:
4429:
4419:
4395:
4378:
4368:
4351:Zietz A, Sutter R, De Marchis GM (2020).
4327:
4278:
4246:
4198:
4188:
4147:
4055:
3975:
3938:
3921:
3807:
3706:
3679:
3662:
3558:
3476:
3432:
3388:
3342:
3280:
3236:
3178:
3133:
3116:
3052:
3020:
2996:
2979:
2894:
2804:
2742:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2668:
2563:
1472:Alternative diagnosis at least as likely
999:of VTE is a risk factor for a first VTE.
774:when affecting the calf, and has limited
762:). DVT in a leg below the knee is termed
666:
11436:Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal
11288:
11193:
10565:
10238:
10113:
9810:10.7326/0003-4819-156-10-201205150-00423
9637:
9333:
9284:
9157:Washington University School of Medicine
9150:
9092:
9056:
8904:
8760:
8667:
8527:
8494:
8492:
8490:
8488:
8486:
8383:
8342:
8254:
8113:
8111:
8109:
7948:
7946:
7567:
7565:
7396:Palareti G, Schellong S (January 2012).
6886:
6884:
6882:
6168:
5342:
5336:
5047:
4963:
4600:
4177:Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine
4164:
3633:
3510:
3297:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2277:
2239:
2148:
2078:
2022:
1916:
1555:for judging imaging methods is contrast
1248:
1180:
1131:
978:
808:
722:
451:
11329:
11181:Ornstein C, Jones RG (7 January 2015).
10939:
10914:. New York: Random House. p. 409.
10776:
10545:
10536:
10426:
10162:
9551:Partsch H, Blättler W (November 2000).
9012:
8852:Chatsis V, Visintini S (January 2017).
8823:10.7326/0003-4819-153-8-201010190-00009
8162:
8081:
7621:Ro A, Kageyama N, Mukai T (June 2017).
7614:
6927:
6607:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
5627:
4929:Scarvelis D, Wells PS (November 2007).
4796:
4115:
4026:
4001:
3723:
3405:
3195:
3089:
3037:
2821:
794:, which is near the top of the pelvis.
14:
12478:
11385:ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research
11335:
10729:
10666:
10640:
10320:
9982:
9595:Folsom AR, Cushman M (December 2020).
9144:
8588:"International normalized ratio (INR)"
7766:"The role of leukocytes in thrombosis"
7717:
7151:
6772:
6730:
6689:
6469:
6460:
6409:
6228:Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
5914:
5822:
5745:Rosendaal FR, Reitsma PH (July 2009).
5201:
5098:
4887:Scarvelis D, Wells PS (October 2006).
4224:"Management of venous thromboembolism"
4221:
3371:Wendelboe AM, Raskob GE (April 2016).
2774:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2762:
2723:Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
2693:
2442:An elevated level is greater than 250
2325:reported more than doubling the known
2316:
1344:experienced physicians can make a DVT
1093:catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome
950:disseminated intravascular coagulation
754:DVT in a leg above the knee is termed
283:(detach from the veins), travel as an
77:
12057:Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
11693:
11483:
11295:Ruppert A, Steinle T, Lees M (2011).
11165:
11119:
10987:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
10909:
10614:
10210:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
10081:See section 6.0, Long-Distance Travel
8483:
8226:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
8106:
7943:
7906:
7863:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
7562:
7550:from the original on 23 February 2011
7440:Chapin JC, Hajjar KA (January 2015).
7402:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
7289:"Deep venous thrombosis risk factors"
6976:
6942:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
6879:
6758:10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142305
6278:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
5968:
5751:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
5436:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
5248:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
4972:Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
4764:
4762:
4253:Mazer BA, Hughes PG (November 2018).
4124:"A case of phlegmasia cerulea dolens"
3760:from the original on 6 February 2013.
3695:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
2916:
2914:
2785:Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
2631:
1994:(prevention of a first VTE), and the
1868:The first rib, which is removed in a
1217:Tissue factor, via the tissue factor–
1115:, intravenous drug use, and smoking.
782:is described as involving either the
675:is a frequent mimic of DVT, with its
661:A depiction of a patent foramen ovale
593:DVT is thought to be able to cause a
527:(PE) occurs when a blood clot from a
447:
12062:Generalized essential telangiectasia
9748:
9469:
9444:
9389:
8948:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
8579:
8445:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
8124:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
7954:"DDI/9290 clinical: D-dimer, plasma"
7495:Canadian Medical Association Journal
6843:Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
6422:Clinical and Experimental Immunology
6324:Branchford BR, Carpenter SL (2018).
5930:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
4935:Canadian Medical Association Journal
4893:Canadian Medical Association Journal
4669:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
3956:Seminars in Interventional Radiology
3644:
3059:The American Journal of Managed Care
3055:"Overview of venous thromboembolism"
2657:Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
2212:was diagnosed with an episode while
2083:An example of a compression stocking
1936:
817:Traditionally, the three factors of
345:, infection, inflammatory diseases,
124:, infection, inflammatory diseases,
10885:"My husband should be living today"
10524:from the original on 14 August 2012
9235:
9108:The New England Journal of Medicine
7764:Swystun LL, Liaw PC (August 2016).
7531:
7109:
6513:Knight CL, Nelson-Piercy C (2017).
6506:
4215:
2759:
2224:'s death at age 44. NBC journalist
1872:surgery, is labeled 1 in this image
1097:paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
699:include tumors, venous or arterial
590:is a rare complication of arm DVT.
24:
7316:"Is thrombophilia testing useful?"
7040:Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
6696:Levi M, Scully M (February 2018).
5484:Keeling D, Alikhan R (June 2013).
5112:Kearon C, Kahn SR (January 2020).
4759:
4521:World Journal of Surgical Oncology
3459:Keeling D, Alikhan R (June 2013).
3159:Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
2911:
2345:, and a reduction in formation of
2049:intermittent pneumatic compression
1127:
586:is warranted to protect the limb.
442:intermittent pneumatic compression
195:intermittent pneumatic compression
116:Recent surgery, older age, active
25:
12507:
11079:Bagot CN, Arya R (October 2008).
10946:American Journal of Roentgenology
10695:The American Journal of Bioethics
9414:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0452
9211:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037425
8220:Le Gal G, Righini M (June 2015).
5073:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037425
4081:Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
3739:Medicine and Health, Rhode Island
2922:"What is Venous Thromboembolism?"
1912:from thoracic outlet compression.
1826:contraindications to thrombolysis
1244:plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
718:
511:is a noted finding in those with
12212:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
11125:
11098:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07323.x
11033:Clinical Medicine & Research
10903:
10877:
10851:
10796:
10777:Frankel TC (11 September 2016).
10770:
10660:
10634:
10608:
10510:
10402:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024786
10098:from the original on 3 June 2016
9958:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024802
9881:
9688:
9518:
9447:"What kind of doctor do I need?"
9438:
8878:The American Journal of Medicine
8868:
8786:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08753.x
8736:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024893
8696:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09196.x
8618:
8606:
8306:
7415:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04564.x
7203:Reikvam H, Tiu RV (April 2012).
6905:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01746.x
6619:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.08.003
5764:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03394.x
5665:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018022954
5412:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08206.x
4566:Bauersachs RM (September 2012).
3708:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02847.x
3539:The Medical Journal of Australia
3229:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001830
2972:10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000975
2649:Bartholomew JR (December 2017).
2597:The Medical Journal of Australia
2544:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2504:
2495:
2474:
2462:
2453:
2436:
2426:
2417:
2366:cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
2204:. She was first diagnosed while
2018:
2010:Hospital (non-surgical) patients
1893:
1877:
1861:
1807:
1704:
1695:
1611:
1599:
1576:
1564:
1089:heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
654:
642:
626:
10832:Rodriguez D (12 October 2018).
10586:10.1016/j.disamonth.2018.12.005
9351:Journal of Medical Case Reports
9260:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.119.005659
7333:10.1182/asheducation-2011.1.150
7196:
7145:
6219:
5779:
5747:"Genetics of venous thrombosis"
5345:"Factor V Leiden thrombophilia"
5214:from the original on 8 May 2021
5208:North American Thrombosis Forum
5195:
4508:
4344:
4072:
4004:"Pulmonary embolism: an update"
2408:
2391:
2358:
2120:
1317:clinical probability assessment
1267:early-growth-response protein 1
948:can contribute to both VTE and
199:graduated compression stockings
12163:Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
11273:10.1016/j.thromres.2014.11.024
11085:British Journal of Haematology
10350:10.1016/j.thromres.2015.11.033
10183:10.1016/j.thromres.2017.07.026
10138:10.1002/14651858.CD004002.pub4
9663:10.1002/14651858.CD008203.pub3
9151:Bhandari T (6 December 2017).
8773:British Journal of Haematology
8683:British Journal of Haematology
8643:10.1002/14651858.CD001367.pub3
8408:10.1002/14651858.CD003746.pub2
7152:Lu HY, Liao KM (August 2018).
7131:10.1016/j.thromres.2015.04.006
5800:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.105
5490:British Journal of Haematology
5399:British Journal of Haematology
3465:British Journal of Haematology
3053:Phillippe HM (December 2017).
2347:neutrophil extracellular traps
2331:American Society of Hematology
2069:American Society of Hematology
1818:catheter-directed thrombolysis
1686:international normalized ratio
1208:neutrophil extracellular traps
1065:activated protein C resistance
799:European Society of Cardiology
711:, muscle vein thrombosis, and
531:(a DVT) detaches from a vein (
487:can cause both legs to swell.
397:
299:(PE). DVT and PE comprise the
214:catheter-directed thrombolysis
13:
1:
11975:Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva
11829:Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis
10707:10.1080/15265161.2020.1861384
10615:Perez AJ (17 February 2016).
10546:Haskell R (10 January 2018).
9716:10.1016/S2352-3026(16)30184-3
9078:10.1016/S2352-3026(15)00248-3
9034:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61753-4
8335:10.7860/IJARS/2019/40329:2458
8313:Häggström, M (January 2019).
7738:10.1016/S0049-3848(09)70140-9
7374:10.1080/17474086.2020.1804354
7258:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71880-8
3875:10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70223-6
3390:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306841
3282:10.1080/16078454.2019.1687144
2556:
2027:The incision for a completed
1972:
1800:in asymptomatic individuals.
1672:(non-oral) medicines include
1623:
1007:resistant to inactivation by
987:system, often described as a
869:fractures are also risks. In
268:involving the formation of a
12280:Chronic venous insufficiency
11905:Aortoiliac occlusive disease
11314:10.3111/13696998.2010.546465
11301:Journal of Medical Economics
9494:10.5811/westjem.2016.5.29951
8890:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.11.031
8368:10.1161/CIR.0b013e318214914f
7783:10.1182/blood-2016-05-718114
7094:10.1182/blood-2014-09-551978
7002:10.3324/haematol.2019.224279
6715:10.1182/blood-2017-10-804096
6570:Journal of Internal Medicine
6394:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000769
6194:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003101
5848:10.1161/STR.0000000000000098
5605:10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181c9cbd9
5362:10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181faa0f2
5343:Kujovich JL (January 2011).
5202:Piazza G (19 October 2019).
4984:10.1097/MCP.0b013e328349a9e3
4122:Turner DPB (November 1952).
2482:randomized controlled trials
2399:combined oral contraceptives
2302:
2091:
2074:
2058:
1798:CT of the abdomen and pelvis
1674:low-molecular-weight heparin
1310:
1059:Blood alterations including
1025:deficiencies in antithrombin
970:hormonal replacement therapy
938:systemic lupus erythematosus
881:, and in survivors of acute
693:chronic venous insufficiency
515:and is associated with DVT.
493:superficial thrombophlebitis
230:low-molecular-weight heparin
179:chronic venous insufficiency
7:
12295:Inferior vena cava syndrome
12290:Superior vena cava syndrome
12017:Vertebral artery dissection
12007:Intracranial berry aneurysm
11209:European Respiratory Review
11141:Journal of Nuclear Medicine
10940:Goodman LR (October 2013).
9798:Annals of Internal Medicine
9557:Journal of Vascular Surgery
8811:Annals of Internal Medicine
8513:10.1016/j.chest.2015.11.026
8176:Annals of Internal Medicine
8082:Pyzocha N (December 2019).
7627:Annals of Vascular Diseases
7361:Expert Review of Hematology
6746:Annual Review of Physiology
6651:European Respiratory Review
6144:10.1016/j.chest.2020.11.005
4008:Australian Family Physician
4002:Doherty S (November 2017).
2208:in 1998 and again in 2009.
1516:Use of oral contraceptives
1206:pro-coagulant granules and
709:superficial vein thrombosis
705:connective tissue disorders
588:Superior vena cava syndrome
489:Superficial vein thrombosis
291:that supplies blood to the
10:
12512:
12396:Hypertensive heart disease
12047:Arteriovenous malformation
12022:Familial aortic dissection
11222:10.1183/16000617.0025-2016
10912:Jimmy Stewart: A Biography
10755:10.1177/000313481307900222
10476:Thrombosis and Haemostasis
10257:(43): 3033–69, 3069a–69k.
7826:10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.312463
7590:10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.213405
7544:Disease Management Project
7458:10.1016/j.blre.2014.09.003
6664:10.1183/16000617.0119-2018
6240:10.1007/s11239-020-02211-7
5321:10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.242818
5032:10.1001/jamasurg.2016.1770
4585:10.1016/j.beha.2012.07.004
4271:10.5811/cpcem.2018.8.39444
4190:10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_183_16
3664:10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162818
3421:Thrombosis and Haemostasis
3022:10.1161/ATVBAHA.114.304488
2374:splanchnic vein thrombosis
2372:), spleen and intestines (
2321:A 2019 study published in
2293:direct oral anticoagulants
2235:
1931:absolutely contraindicated
1297:fibrin degradation product
1263:hypoxia-inducible factor-1
1023:—contribute to VTE. These
922:inflammatory bowel disease
505:Migratory thrombophlebitis
226:Direct oral anticoagulants
29:
12451:
12421:Renovascular hypertension
12386:
12377:
12364:Hepatic artery thrombosis
12312:
12272:
12227:
12131:
12113:
12104:
12072:
12032:
12012:Carotid artery dissection
11965:Abdominal aortic aneurysm
11937:
11897:
11874:
11815:Intermittent claudication
11785:
11778:Peripheral artery disease
11776:
11746:
11728:
11641:
11552:
10667:Moisse K (2 March 2011).
9364:10.1186/s13256-016-0848-0
9309:10.1007/s40122-019-0124-2
8917:American Family Physician
8282:10.1016/j.ccm.2018.04.003
8270:Clinics in Chest Medicine
8088:American Family Physician
7997:10.1016/j.ahj.2013.01.024
7171:10.1186/s12882-018-0989-z
5889:10.1186/s13102-018-0092-6
5713:10.1258/phleb.2012.012S31
3914:10.1038/s41416-019-0510-x
3902:British Journal of Cancer
3611:10.1007/s11936-017-0518-6
3335:10.1038/s41588-019-0519-3
3171:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0244
2735:10.1007/s11239-015-1311-6
2272:impedance plethysmography
2144:
2035:Major orthopedic surgery—
1979:prevention of blood clots
1947:general internal medicine
1927:inferior vena cava filter
1886:Paget–Schroetter syndrome
1846:Paget–Schroetter syndrome
1756:Investigations for cancer
1662:direct thrombin inhibitor
1656:(a factor Xa inhibitor),
1238:, cytokines that promote
1113:essential thrombocythemia
934:antiphospholipid syndrome
895:Paget–Schroetter syndrome
857:increase risk because of
841:components, the state of
804:
572:phlegmasia cerulea dolens
559:). The chest pain can be
347:antiphospholipid syndrome
247:
219:
208:
185:
156:
144:
138:period following delivery
126:antiphospholipid syndrome
110:
97:
83:
71:
66:
57:
49:
44:
12406:Hypertensive nephropathy
12219:Post-thrombotic syndrome
12200:Paget–Schroetter disease
11992:Coronary artery aneurysm
11970:Thoracic aortic aneurysm
10264:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu283
10053:(2 Suppl): e195S–e226S.
10001:(2 Suppl): e691S–e736S.
9851:(2 Suppl): e278S–e325S.
9774:10.1093/eurheartj/eht046
9009:" London, 26 March 2020.
7921:10.1177/0268355515569424
7540:"Venous thromboembolism"
7538:Kim ES, Bartholomew JR.
6045:10.3389/fimmu.2019.02569
5981:Case Reports in Medicine
5131:10.1182/blood.2019002364
4817:10.1177/0003319708316897
4631:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01348
4478:(2 Suppl): e351S–e418S.
4370:10.3389/fneur.2020.00336
4093:10.1177/1538574410388309
4057:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz405
3828:10.1177/0003319708316897
3118:10.1182/blood.2019000918
2896:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx003
2352:
2029:knee replacement surgery
1967:Interventional radiology
1842:thoracic outlet syndrome
1742:post-thrombotic syndrome
1413:Previous documented DVT
1360:Dutch Primary Care Rule
891:thoracic outlet syndrome
495:, is the formation of a
316:post-thrombotic syndrome
104:Post-thrombotic syndrome
12461:Orthostatic hypotension
12443:White coat hypertension
11920:Fibromuscular dysplasia
11884:Carotid artery stenosis
10641:Martin J (4 May 2016).
9613:10.1161/JAHA.120.019395
9570:10.1067/mva.2000.110352
9183:" London, 12 June 2019.
8961:10.21037/cdt.2017.09.12
8594:. Treasure Island, FL.
8458:10.21037/cdt.2017.11.03
8137:10.21037/cdt.2017.09.01
7639:10.3400/avd.ra.17-00035
7295:. Treasure Island, FL.
6343:10.3389/fped.2018.00142
6330:Frontiers in Pediatrics
6032:Frontiers in Immunology
5943:10.21037/cdt.2017.08.15
4682:10.21037/cdt.2016.12.06
4618:Frontiers in Immunology
4320:10.1136/bcr-2016-215078
4140:10.1136/bmj.2.4795.1183
4128:British Medical Journal
2386:ovarian vein thrombosis
2370:retinal vein thrombosis
2288:subcutaneous injections
1584:Doppler ultrasonography
1424:Swelling of entire leg
1341:Dutch Primary Care Rule
1271:reactive oxygen species
1240:endothelial dysfunction
519:Potential complications
349:, personal history and
12433:Pulmonary hypertension
12416:Secondary hypertension
12411:Essential hypertension
12401:Hypertensive emergency
12242:Portacaval anastomosis
12178:Portal vein thrombosis
11820:Critical limb ischemia
11721:Cardiovascular disease
11487:Venous thromboembolism
11448:10.14797/mdcj-14-3-173
10520:. American Red Cross.
10452:10.1001/jama.2011.2029
10251:European Heart Journal
9900:(2 Suppl): e227S–77S.
9761:European Heart Journal
9704:The Lancet Haematology
9530:Johns Hopkins Medicine
9066:The Lancet Haematology
8549:(2 Suppl): e419S–96S.
7985:American Heart Journal
7875:10.1055/s-0038-1677040
6954:10.1055/s-0032-1315758
6856:10.3949/ccjm.79a.11072
6484:10.1055/s-0032-1311791
6290:10.1055/s-0038-1661387
5593:Critical Care Medicine
5448:10.1055/s-0038-1657779
4421:10.4244/EIJ-D-18-00622
4357:Frontiers in Neurology
4044:European Heart Journal
3968:10.1055/s-0038-1642036
2883:European Heart Journal
2797:10.1055/s-0036-1592333
2283:
2245:
2157:
2084:
2041:total knee replacement
2032:
2004:number needed to treat
1922:
1682:unfractionated heparin
1534:compression ultrasound
1494:Absence of leg trauma
1254:
1194:
1136:
1105:chronic kidney disease
1063:, low free protein S,
992:
900:Infections, including
814:
737:venous thromboembolism
734:cardiovascular disease
729:
697:differential diagnoses
667:Differential diagnosis
621:into the left atrium.
565:compression ultrasound
501:vein close to the skin
457:
363:period following birth
355:hormonal birth control
305:venous thromboembolism
301:cardiovascular disease
238:unfractionated heparin
158:Differential diagnosis
134:hormonal birth control
128:, personal history or
53:Deep venous thrombosis
12438:Systolic hypertension
12183:Renal vein thrombosis
12042:Arteriovenous fistula
12034:Vascular malformation
12002:Intracranial aneurysm
11889:Renal artery stenosis
11350:10.1592/phco.29.8.943
10059:10.1378/chest.11-2296
10007:10.1378/chest.11-2300
9906:10.1378/chest.11-2297
9857:10.1378/chest.11-2404
9445:Moll S (9 May 2012).
9120:10.1056/NEJMoa1615066
8884:(4): 447.e1–447.e20.
8555:10.1378/chest.11-2301
7314:Middeldorp S (2011).
6095:10.1378/chest.15-0287
4782:10.3310/signal-000830
4534:10.1186/1477-7819-6-6
4484:10.1378/chest.11-2299
3645:Moll S (March 2008).
3065:(20 Suppl): S376–82.
2670:10.3949/ccjm.84.s3.04
2663:(12 Suppl 3): 39–46.
2403:Progestogen-only pill
2382:renal vein thrombosis
2281:
2243:
2152:
2135:varies with ethnicity
2082:
2065:postpartum hemorrhage
2037:total hip replacement
2026:
1920:
1252:
1203:activated endothelium
1191:brachiocephalic veins
1184:
1135:
1050:fibrinogen gamma gene
1038:von Willebrand factor
982:
829:, and changes in the
812:
776:clinical significance
742:DVT is classified as
726:
597:in the presence of a
551:, coughing up blood (
509:Trousseau's syndrome)
497:blood clot (thrombus)
455:
381:and the mutations of
12352:Paradoxical embolism
12347:Cholesterol embolism
12173:May–Thurner syndrome
12168:Budd–Chiari syndrome
12151:Deep vein thrombosis
12146:primarily lower limb
11925:Raynaud's phenomenon
11678:Deep vein thrombosis
11523:10.1378/chest.1412S3
11045:10.3121/cmr.2009.866
10959:10.2214/AJR.13.10604
10742:The American Surgeon
10488:10.1160/TH10-08-0510
8954:(Suppl 3): S207–18.
8451:(Suppl 3): S134–39.
8232:(Suppl 1): S259–65.
8130:(Suppl 3): S276–84.
7692:10.3390/ijms21062080
7546:. Cleveland Clinic.
7222:10.1038/leu.2011.314
6532:10.2147/OARRR.S87828
5936:(Suppl 3): S285–90.
5543:10.2450/2010.0066-10
5349:Genetics in Medicine
4865:10.1001/jama.2010.43
3434:10.1160/TH17-02-0134
3377:Circulation Research
2378:Budd–Chiari syndrome
2045:hip fracture surgery
1988:Western pattern diet
1925:The placement of an
1762:physical examination
1642:vitamin K antagonist
1357:Wells score for DVT
1346:pre-test probability
1325:emergency department
1229:rich. Platelets and
1073:hyperhomocysteinemia
887:May–Thurner syndrome
611:patent foramen ovale
603:paradoxical embolism
580:compartment syndrome
327:decreased blood flow
258:Deep vein thrombosis
136:, pregnancy and the
45:Deep vein thrombosis
32:DVT (disambiguation)
12428:Benign hypertension
11517:(2 Suppl): 7S–47S.
11398:10.2147/CEOR.S85635
11260:Thrombosis Research
10783:The Washington Post
10338:Thrombosis Research
10171:Thrombosis Research
7732:(Suppl 4): S30–34.
7726:Thrombosis Research
7507:10.1503/cmaj.091692
7119:Thrombosis Research
5994:10.1155/2014/758010
5788:Psychiatry Research
5757:(Suppl 1): 301–04.
4947:10.1503/cmaj.071550
4905:10.1503/cmaj.060366
2317:Research directions
2216:, and TV show host
1870:first rib resection
1854:first rib resection
1650:factor Xa inhibitor
1158:(behind the knee),
1145:coagulation cascade
1054:prothrombin G20210A
1009:activated protein C
918:autoimmune diseases
788:common femoral vein
601:. This is called a
545:shortness of breath
387:prothrombin G20210A
295:. This is called a
12342:Pulmonary embolism
12252:Esophageal varices
12190:upper limb / torso
11834:Arteriolosclerosis
11642:External resources
11187:The New York Times
10865:. 27 December 2011
10305:10.5271/sjweh.3841
9457:on 28 January 2020
8613:Guyatt et al. 2012
6583:10.1111/joim.13022
5171:10.1002/rth2.12482
4234:on 27 January 2012
4222:Owings JT (2005).
3551:10.5694/mja2.50004
3505:Guyatt et al. 2012
3077:on 30 January 2020
2609:10.5694/mja2.50201
2297:The New York Times
2284:
2246:
2169:and hall of famer
2158:
2085:
2033:
1992:primary prevention
1923:
1549:CT scan venography
1543:color flow Doppler
1255:
1253:D-dimer production
1195:
1164:inferior vena cava
1137:
1101:nephrotic syndrome
993:
958:as does pregnancy.
926:systemic sclerosis
871:orthopedic surgery
827:hypercoagulability
815:
730:
635:pulmonary arteries
615:interatrial septum
525:pulmonary embolism
485:inferior vena cava
458:
448:Signs and symptoms
369:, deficiencies of
297:pulmonary embolism
193:(blood thinners),
12473:
12472:
12469:
12468:
12313:Arteries or veins
12308:
12307:
12133:Venous thrombosis
12100:
12099:
12082:Cherry hemangioma
11982:Aortic dissection
11933:
11932:
11768:Buerger's disease
11687:
11686:
11484:Dalen JE (2003).
11000:10.1111/jth.12127
10223:10.1111/jth.14728
9402:JAMA Network Open
8239:10.1111/jth.12937
8046:10.1136/bmj.g1340
7991:(4): 523–530.e3.
7960:on 8 October 2012
7915:(1 Suppl): 7–13.
7252:(9465): 1163–74.
6893:Clinical Genetics
6797:10.1136/bmj.e4944
6435:10.1111/cei.13243
5707:(Suppl 2): 2–11.
5599:(2 Suppl): S3-9.
5531:Blood Transfusion
5503:10.1111/bjh.12306
5261:10.1111/jth.14759
4735:10.1136/bmj.l4363
4314:: bcr2016215078.
4134:(4795): 1183–85.
3478:10.1111/bjh.12306
2484:that demonstrate
2397:Third-generation
1963:vascular medicine
1937:Field of medicine
1822:bottom left image
1592:deep femoral vein
1526:
1525:
1378:tibial tuberosity
1275:nuclear factor-κB
1231:white blood cells
1109:polycythemia vera
1083:levels, and high
1061:dysfibrinogenemia
930:Behçet's syndrome
893:, which includes
792:common iliac vein
555:), and fainting (
513:pancreatic cancer
335:blood vessel wall
333:, changes to the
266:venous thrombosis
255:
254:
212:Anticoagulation,
146:Diagnostic method
140:, genetic factors
39:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
12503:
12384:
12383:
12195:Mondor's disease
12138:Thrombophlebitis
12111:
12110:
11787:Arteriosclerosis
11783:
11782:
11744:
11743:
11714:
11707:
11700:
11691:
11690:
11550:
11549:
11544:
11534:
11501:
11477:Cited literature
11470:
11469:
11459:
11427:
11421:
11420:
11410:
11400:
11376:
11370:
11369:
11333:
11327:
11326:
11316:
11292:
11286:
11285:
11275:
11251:
11245:
11244:
11234:
11224:
11215:(141): 295–302.
11200:
11191:
11190:
11178:
11169:
11163:
11157:
11156:
11138:
11129:
11123:
11117:
11111:
11110:
11100:
11076:
11067:
11066:
11056:
11024:
11013:
11012:
11002:
10978:
10972:
10971:
10961:
10937:
10926:
10925:
10910:Eliot M (2006).
10907:
10901:
10900:
10898:
10896:
10881:
10875:
10874:
10872:
10870:
10855:
10849:
10848:
10846:
10844:
10829:
10820:
10819:
10817:
10815:
10800:
10794:
10793:
10791:
10789:
10774:
10768:
10767:
10757:
10733:
10727:
10726:
10690:
10684:
10683:
10681:
10679:
10664:
10658:
10657:
10655:
10653:
10638:
10632:
10631:
10629:
10627:
10612:
10606:
10605:
10569:
10563:
10562:
10560:
10558:
10543:
10534:
10533:
10531:
10529:
10514:
10508:
10507:
10471:
10465:
10464:
10454:
10430:
10424:
10423:
10413:
10396:(22): 3292–316.
10381:
10372:
10371:
10361:
10329:
10318:
10317:
10307:
10283:
10277:
10276:
10266:
10242:
10236:
10235:
10225:
10201:
10195:
10194:
10166:
10160:
10159:
10149:
10117:
10111:
10110:
10105:
10103:
10088:
10082:
10080:
10070:
10038:
10029:
10028:
10018:
9986:
9980:
9979:
9969:
9937:
9928:
9927:
9917:
9885:
9879:
9878:
9868:
9836:
9830:
9829:
9793:
9787:
9786:
9776:
9752:
9746:
9745:
9727:
9701:
9692:
9686:
9685:
9675:
9665:
9656:(12): CD008203.
9641:
9635:
9634:
9624:
9592:
9583:
9582:
9572:
9548:
9542:
9541:
9539:
9537:
9522:
9516:
9515:
9505:
9473:
9467:
9466:
9464:
9462:
9453:. Archived from
9442:
9436:
9435:
9425:
9393:
9387:
9386:
9376:
9366:
9342:
9331:
9330:
9320:
9297:Pain and Therapy
9288:
9282:
9281:
9271:
9239:
9233:
9232:
9222:
9190:
9184:
9177:
9168:
9167:
9165:
9163:
9148:
9142:
9141:
9131:
9099:
9090:
9089:
9060:
9054:
9053:
9016:
9010:
9003:
8984:
8983:
8973:
8963:
8939:
8933:
8932:
8908:
8902:
8901:
8872:
8866:
8865:
8849:
8843:
8842:
8805:
8799:
8798:
8788:
8764:
8758:
8757:
8747:
8715:
8709:
8708:
8698:
8674:
8665:
8664:
8654:
8622:
8616:
8610:
8604:
8603:
8583:
8577:
8576:
8566:
8534:
8525:
8524:
8496:
8481:
8480:
8470:
8460:
8436:
8430:
8429:
8419:
8387:
8381:
8380:
8370:
8361:(16): 1788–830.
8346:
8340:
8339:
8337:
8319:
8310:
8304:
8303:
8293:
8261:
8252:
8251:
8241:
8217:
8208:
8207:
8188:10.7326/M17-0291
8171:
8160:
8159:
8149:
8139:
8115:
8104:
8103:
8079:
8068:
8067:
8057:
8025:
8019:
8018:
8008:
7976:
7970:
7969:
7967:
7965:
7950:
7941:
7940:
7904:
7895:
7894:
7854:
7848:
7847:
7837:
7805:
7796:
7795:
7785:
7761:
7750:
7749:
7721:
7715:
7714:
7704:
7694:
7670:
7661:
7660:
7650:
7618:
7612:
7611:
7601:
7569:
7560:
7559:
7557:
7555:
7535:
7529:
7528:
7518:
7486:
7480:
7479:
7469:
7437:
7428:
7427:
7417:
7393:
7387:
7386:
7376:
7352:
7346:
7345:
7335:
7311:
7305:
7304:
7284:
7278:
7277:
7241:
7235:
7234:
7224:
7200:
7194:
7193:
7183:
7173:
7149:
7143:
7142:
7113:
7107:
7106:
7096:
7072:
7066:
7065:
7055:
7031:
7025:
7024:
7014:
7004:
6980:
6974:
6973:
6936:
6925:
6924:
6888:
6877:
6876:
6858:
6840:
6832:
6819:
6818:
6808:
6776:
6770:
6769:
6741:
6728:
6727:
6717:
6693:
6687:
6686:
6676:
6666:
6642:
6631:
6630:
6602:
6596:
6595:
6585:
6561:
6555:
6554:
6544:
6534:
6510:
6504:
6503:
6467:
6458:
6457:
6447:
6437:
6413:
6407:
6406:
6396:
6372:
6366:
6365:
6355:
6345:
6321:
6310:
6309:
6275:
6266:
6260:
6259:
6223:
6217:
6216:
6206:
6196:
6172:
6166:
6165:
6155:
6123:
6117:
6116:
6106:
6074:
6068:
6067:
6057:
6047:
6023:
6017:
6016:
6006:
5996:
5972:
5966:
5965:
5955:
5945:
5921:
5912:
5911:
5901:
5891:
5867:
5861:
5860:
5850:
5826:
5820:
5819:
5783:
5777:
5776:
5766:
5742:
5733:
5732:
5696:
5687:
5686:
5676:
5659:(22): 3198–225.
5644:
5625:
5624:
5588:
5565:
5564:
5554:
5522:
5516:
5515:
5505:
5481:
5468:
5467:
5431:
5425:
5424:
5414:
5390:
5375:
5374:
5364:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5323:
5299:
5282:
5281:
5263:
5239:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5199:
5193:
5192:
5182:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5133:
5109:
5096:
5095:
5085:
5075:
5051:
5045:
5044:
5034:
5010:
5004:
5003:
4967:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4926:
4916:
4884:
4878:
4877:
4867:
4843:
4837:
4836:
4800:
4794:
4793:
4766:
4757:
4756:
4746:
4714:
4705:
4704:
4694:
4684:
4660:
4654:
4653:
4643:
4633:
4609:
4598:
4597:
4587:
4563:
4557:
4556:
4546:
4536:
4512:
4506:
4505:
4495:
4463:
4444:
4443:
4433:
4423:
4414:(13): 1389–402.
4408:EuroIntervention
4399:
4393:
4392:
4382:
4372:
4348:
4342:
4341:
4331:
4308:BMJ Case Reports
4299:
4293:
4292:
4282:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4219:
4213:
4212:
4202:
4192:
4168:
4162:
4161:
4151:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4059:
4035:
4024:
4023:
3999:
3990:
3989:
3979:
3947:
3936:
3935:
3925:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3854:
3848:
3847:
3811:
3805:
3804:
3785:10.1136/bmj.k351
3768:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3736:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3710:
3686:
3677:
3676:
3666:
3642:
3631:
3630:
3594:
3581:
3580:
3562:
3533:
3508:
3502:
3491:
3490:
3480:
3456:
3447:
3446:
3436:
3412:
3403:
3402:
3392:
3368:
3357:
3356:
3346:
3314:
3295:
3294:
3284:
3260:
3251:
3250:
3240:
3223:(19): 4693–738.
3208:
3193:
3192:
3182:
3150:
3131:
3130:
3120:
3096:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3073:. Archived from
3050:
3035:
3034:
3024:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2983:
2966:(23): 3898–944.
2951:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2918:
2909:
2908:
2898:
2874:
2819:
2818:
2808:
2776:
2757:
2756:
2746:
2714:
2691:
2690:
2672:
2654:
2646:
2629:
2628:
2592:
2551:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2515:
2512:prothrombin time
2508:
2502:
2499:
2493:
2478:
2472:
2466:
2460:
2457:
2451:
2440:
2434:
2430:
2424:
2421:
2415:
2412:
2406:
2395:
2389:
2384:), and ovaries (
2362:
2251:Sushruta Samhita
1959:vascular surgery
1897:
1881:
1865:
1782:hepatic function
1774:full blood count
1770:cancer screening
1768:, and universal
1708:
1699:
1615:
1603:
1580:
1568:
1351:
1350:
1331:is the standard
875:orthopedic casts
813:Depiction of DVT
658:
646:
630:
541:pulmonary artery
491:, also known as
331:tendency to clot
289:pulmonary artery
62:
42:
41:
21:
12511:
12510:
12506:
12505:
12504:
12502:
12501:
12500:
12476:
12475:
12474:
12465:
12447:
12373:
12330:Microangiopathy
12325:Macroangiopathy
12304:
12268:
12237:Gastric varices
12223:
12136:
12127:
12096:
12068:
12028:
11960:Aortic aneurysm
11946:
11929:
11915:Erythromelalgia
11893:
11870:
11795:Atherosclerosis
11772:
11736:
11724:
11718:
11688:
11683:
11682:
11637:
11636:
11561:
11547:
11498:
11474:
11473:
11428:
11424:
11377:
11373:
11338:Pharmacotherapy
11334:
11330:
11293:
11289:
11252:
11248:
11201:
11194:
11179:
11172:
11164:
11160:
11136:
11130:
11126:
11118:
11114:
11077:
11070:
11039:(3–4): 168–72.
11025:
11016:
10979:
10975:
10938:
10929:
10922:
10908:
10904:
10894:
10892:
10883:
10882:
10878:
10868:
10866:
10857:
10856:
10852:
10842:
10840:
10838:Everyday Health
10830:
10823:
10813:
10811:
10802:
10801:
10797:
10787:
10785:
10775:
10771:
10734:
10730:
10691:
10687:
10677:
10675:
10665:
10661:
10651:
10649:
10639:
10635:
10625:
10623:
10613:
10609:
10574:Disease-a-Month
10570:
10566:
10556:
10554:
10544:
10537:
10527:
10525:
10516:
10515:
10511:
10472:
10468:
10431:
10427:
10382:
10375:
10330:
10321:
10284:
10280:
10243:
10239:
10202:
10198:
10167:
10163:
10132:(4): CD004002.
10118:
10114:
10101:
10099:
10090:
10089:
10085:
10039:
10032:
9987:
9983:
9952:(22): 3317–59.
9938:
9931:
9886:
9882:
9837:
9833:
9794:
9790:
9767:(24): 1800–06.
9753:
9749:
9699:
9693:
9689:
9642:
9638:
9607:(23): e019395.
9593:
9586:
9549:
9545:
9535:
9533:
9524:
9523:
9519:
9474:
9470:
9460:
9458:
9443:
9439:
9394:
9390:
9343:
9334:
9289:
9285:
9254:(10): e005659.
9240:
9236:
9191:
9187:
9178:
9171:
9161:
9159:
9149:
9145:
9114:(23): 2240–52.
9100:
9093:
9061:
9057:
9028:(9810): 31–38.
9017:
9013:
9004:
8987:
8940:
8936:
8909:
8905:
8873:
8869:
8850:
8846:
8806:
8802:
8765:
8761:
8730:(22): 3257–91.
8716:
8712:
8675:
8668:
8637:(8): CD001367.
8623:
8619:
8611:
8607:
8584:
8580:
8535:
8528:
8497:
8484:
8437:
8433:
8402:(1): CD003746.
8388:
8384:
8347:
8343:
8317:
8311:
8307:
8262:
8255:
8218:
8211:
8172:
8163:
8116:
8107:
8080:
8071:
8040:(7949): g1340.
8026:
8022:
7977:
7973:
7963:
7961:
7952:
7951:
7944:
7905:
7898:
7855:
7851:
7806:
7799:
7762:
7753:
7722:
7718:
7671:
7664:
7619:
7615:
7570:
7563:
7553:
7551:
7536:
7532:
7487:
7483:
7438:
7431:
7394:
7390:
7353:
7349:
7312:
7308:
7285:
7281:
7242:
7238:
7201:
7197:
7150:
7146:
7114:
7110:
7087:(11): 1285–93.
7073:
7069:
7032:
7028:
6981:
6977:
6937:
6928:
6889:
6880:
6833:
6822:
6791:(7872): e4944.
6777:
6773:
6742:
6731:
6694:
6690:
6657:(151): 180119.
6643:
6634:
6603:
6599:
6562:
6558:
6511:
6507:
6468:
6461:
6414:
6410:
6387:(24): e914–31.
6373:
6369:
6322:
6313:
6273:
6267:
6263:
6224:
6220:
6187:(5): e1003101.
6173:
6169:
6124:
6120:
6075:
6071:
6024:
6020:
5973:
5969:
5922:
5915:
5868:
5864:
5841:(6): e98–e169.
5827:
5823:
5784:
5780:
5743:
5736:
5697:
5690:
5645:
5628:
5589:
5568:
5523:
5519:
5482:
5471:
5432:
5428:
5391:
5378:
5341:
5337:
5300:
5285:
5240:
5227:
5217:
5215:
5200:
5196:
5151:
5147:
5110:
5099:
5052:
5048:
5011:
5007:
4968:
4964:
4927:
4885:
4881:
4844:
4840:
4801:
4797:
4768:
4767:
4760:
4729:(8209): l4363.
4715:
4708:
4661:
4657:
4610:
4601:
4564:
4560:
4513:
4509:
4464:
4447:
4400:
4396:
4349:
4345:
4300:
4296:
4251:
4247:
4237:
4235:
4220:
4216:
4169:
4165:
4120:
4116:
4077:
4073:
4036:
4027:
4000:
3993:
3948:
3939:
3894:
3890:
3855:
3851:
3812:
3808:
3769:
3765:
3757:
3734:
3728:
3724:
3687:
3680:
3643:
3634:
3595:
3584:
3534:
3511:
3503:
3494:
3457:
3450:
3427:(12): 2243–60.
3413:
3406:
3369:
3360:
3329:(11): 1574–79.
3323:Nature Genetics
3315:
3298:
3261:
3254:
3209:
3196:
3151:
3134:
3097:
3090:
3080:
3078:
3051:
3038:
3015:(11): 2363–71.
3001:
2997:
2952:
2941:
2931:
2929:
2928:. 14 March 2019
2920:
2919:
2912:
2889:(47): 4208–18.
2875:
2822:
2777:
2760:
2715:
2694:
2647:
2632:
2593:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2479:
2475:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2454:
2441:
2437:
2433:thrombophilias.
2431:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2396:
2392:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2323:Nature Genetics
2319:
2305:
2238:
2202:Hillary Clinton
2178:Serena Williams
2171:Hakeem Olajuwon
2154:Serena Williams
2147:
2123:
2094:
2077:
2061:
2021:
2012:
1975:
1939:
1913:
1906:subclavian vein
1898:
1889:
1882:
1873:
1866:
1850:subclavian vein
1810:
1766:medical history
1758:
1734:decision making
1730:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1701:
1700:
1626:
1619:
1616:
1607:
1604:
1595:
1581:
1572:
1569:
1313:
1305:Anticoagulation
1130:
1128:Pathophysiology
1048:for the common
1001:Factor V Leiden
946:adenocarcinomas
819:Virchow's triad
807:
780:Iliofemoral DVT
770:), also called
721:
669:
662:
659:
650:
647:
638:
631:
521:
450:
394:prediction rule
383:factor V Leiden
264:) is a type of
106:, recurrent VTE
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
12509:
12499:
12498:
12493:
12488:
12486:Coagulopathies
12471:
12470:
12467:
12466:
12464:
12463:
12457:
12455:
12449:
12448:
12446:
12445:
12440:
12435:
12430:
12425:
12424:
12423:
12413:
12408:
12403:
12398:
12392:
12390:
12381:
12379:Blood pressure
12375:
12374:
12372:
12371:
12366:
12361:
12356:
12355:
12354:
12349:
12344:
12334:
12333:
12332:
12327:
12316:
12314:
12310:
12309:
12306:
12305:
12303:
12302:
12297:
12292:
12287:
12282:
12276:
12274:
12270:
12269:
12267:
12266:
12261:
12260:
12259:
12254:
12249:
12239:
12233:
12231:
12229:Varicose veins
12225:
12224:
12222:
12221:
12216:
12215:
12214:
12204:
12203:
12202:
12197:
12187:
12186:
12185:
12180:
12175:
12170:
12165:
12155:
12154:
12153:
12142:
12140:
12129:
12128:
12126:
12125:
12119:
12117:
12108:
12102:
12101:
12098:
12097:
12095:
12094:
12092:Spider angioma
12089:
12084:
12078:
12076:
12074:Vascular nevus
12070:
12069:
12067:
12066:
12065:
12064:
12059:
12052:Telangiectasia
12049:
12044:
12038:
12036:
12030:
12029:
12027:
12026:
12025:
12024:
12019:
12014:
12009:
12004:
11994:
11989:
11987:Aortic rupture
11984:
11979:
11978:
11977:
11972:
11967:
11952:
11950:
11948:pseudoaneurysm
11935:
11934:
11931:
11930:
11928:
11927:
11922:
11917:
11912:
11907:
11901:
11899:
11895:
11894:
11892:
11891:
11886:
11880:
11878:
11872:
11871:
11869:
11868:
11867:
11866:
11861:
11859:Oxycholesterol
11856:
11851:
11846:
11841:
11831:
11825:
11824:
11823:
11822:
11817:
11812:
11807:
11802:
11791:
11789:
11780:
11774:
11773:
11771:
11770:
11765:
11764:
11763:
11752:
11750:
11741:
11726:
11725:
11717:
11716:
11709:
11702:
11694:
11685:
11684:
11681:
11680:
11669:
11658:
11646:
11645:
11643:
11639:
11638:
11635:
11634:
11623:
11612:
11597:
11578:
11562:
11557:
11556:
11554:
11553:Classification
11546:
11545:
11502:
11497:978-0824756451
11496:
11480:
11472:
11471:
11422:
11371:
11328:
11287:
11246:
11192:
11170:
11158:
11124:
11112:
11068:
11014:
10973:
10952:(4): W576-81.
10927:
10921:978-1400052226
10920:
10902:
10891:. 3 March 2005
10876:
10850:
10821:
10810:. 6 March 2007
10795:
10769:
10728:
10685:
10659:
10633:
10607:
10564:
10535:
10509:
10466:
10445:(3): 294–303.
10425:
10390:Blood Advances
10373:
10319:
10278:
10237:
10196:
10161:
10112:
10083:
10030:
9981:
9946:Blood Advances
9929:
9880:
9831:
9804:(10): 720–27.
9788:
9747:
9710:(2): e83–e93.
9687:
9636:
9584:
9543:
9517:
9468:
9437:
9408:(3): e180452.
9388:
9332:
9283:
9234:
9205:(9): 1162–73.
9185:
9169:
9143:
9091:
9055:
9011:
8985:
8934:
8903:
8867:
8844:
8800:
8759:
8724:Blood Advances
8710:
8666:
8617:
8615:, p. 22S: 3.2.
8605:
8578:
8526:
8482:
8431:
8382:
8341:
8328:(1): AV01–02.
8305:
8276:(3): 493–504.
8253:
8209:
8161:
8105:
8094:(12): 778–80.
8069:
8020:
7971:
7942:
7896:
7849:
7820:(9): 1724–38.
7797:
7751:
7716:
7662:
7613:
7561:
7530:
7481:
7429:
7388:
7347:
7306:
7279:
7236:
7195:
7158:BMC Nephrology
7144:
7125:(6): 1107–09.
7108:
7067:
7026:
6995:(7): 1963–68.
6975:
6926:
6878:
6820:
6771:
6729:
6688:
6632:
6597:
6556:
6505:
6459:
6408:
6367:
6311:
6261:
6218:
6167:
6138:(3): 1182–96.
6118:
6089:(5): 1224–30.
6069:
6018:
5967:
5913:
5862:
5821:
5778:
5734:
5688:
5653:Blood Advances
5626:
5566:
5517:
5469:
5426:
5376:
5335:
5283:
5254:(5): 1009–19.
5225:
5194:
5145:
5097:
5066:(9): 1162–73.
5046:
5025:(9): e161770.
5005:
4962:
4899:(9): 1087–92.
4879:
4838:
4795:
4758:
4706:
4675:(6): 493–507.
4655:
4599:
4558:
4507:
4445:
4394:
4343:
4294:
4245:
4214:
4163:
4114:
4071:
4050:(4): 543–603.
4025:
4014:(11): 816–20.
3991:
3937:
3888:
3849:
3806:
3779:(8142): k351.
3763:
3745:(12): 394–97.
3722:
3678:
3632:
3582:
3509:
3507:, p. 20S: 2.4.
3492:
3448:
3404:
3383:(9): 1340–47.
3358:
3296:
3252:
3217:Blood Advances
3194:
3165:(14): 244–49.
3132:
3088:
3036:
2995:
2960:Blood Advances
2939:
2910:
2820:
2758:
2692:
2630:
2603:(11): 516–24.
2561:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2543:
2534:
2525:
2516:
2503:
2494:
2473:
2461:
2452:
2435:
2425:
2416:
2407:
2390:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2318:
2315:
2304:
2301:
2264:Rudolf Virchow
2244:Rudolf Virchow
2237:
2234:
2214:Vice President
2146:
2143:
2122:
2119:
2098:mortality rate
2093:
2090:
2076:
2073:
2060:
2057:
2020:
2017:
2011:
2008:
1974:
1971:
1938:
1935:
1915:
1914:
1899:
1892:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1874:
1867:
1860:
1809:
1806:
1764:, a review of
1757:
1754:
1713:
1712:
1703:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1598:
1596:
1582:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1563:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1312:
1309:
1223:red blood cell
1156:popliteal vein
1129:
1126:
1121:thrombophilias
1069:homocystinuria
1003:, which makes
997:family history
843:microparticles
806:
803:
720:
719:Classification
717:
713:varicose veins
668:
665:
664:
663:
660:
653:
651:
648:
641:
639:
632:
625:
520:
517:
449:
446:
440:combined with
414:blood thinners
351:family history
253:
252:
249:
245:
244:
223:
217:
216:
210:
206:
205:
191:anticoagulants
187:
183:
182:
160:
154:
153:
148:
142:
141:
130:family history
114:
108:
107:
101:
95:
94:
87:
81:
80:
75:
69:
68:
64:
63:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12508:
12497:
12494:
12492:
12489:
12487:
12484:
12483:
12481:
12462:
12459:
12458:
12456:
12454:
12450:
12444:
12441:
12439:
12436:
12434:
12431:
12429:
12426:
12422:
12419:
12418:
12417:
12414:
12412:
12409:
12407:
12404:
12402:
12399:
12397:
12394:
12393:
12391:
12389:
12385:
12382:
12380:
12376:
12370:
12367:
12365:
12362:
12360:
12357:
12353:
12350:
12348:
12345:
12343:
12340:
12339:
12338:
12335:
12331:
12328:
12326:
12323:
12322:
12321:
12318:
12317:
12315:
12311:
12301:
12298:
12296:
12293:
12291:
12288:
12286:
12283:
12281:
12278:
12277:
12275:
12271:
12265:
12262:
12258:
12255:
12253:
12250:
12248:
12247:Caput medusae
12245:
12244:
12243:
12240:
12238:
12235:
12234:
12232:
12230:
12226:
12220:
12217:
12213:
12210:
12209:
12208:
12205:
12201:
12198:
12196:
12193:
12192:
12191:
12188:
12184:
12181:
12179:
12176:
12174:
12171:
12169:
12166:
12164:
12161:
12160:
12159:
12156:
12152:
12149:
12148:
12147:
12144:
12143:
12141:
12139:
12134:
12130:
12124:
12121:
12120:
12118:
12116:
12112:
12109:
12107:
12103:
12093:
12090:
12088:
12085:
12083:
12080:
12079:
12077:
12075:
12071:
12063:
12060:
12058:
12055:
12054:
12053:
12050:
12048:
12045:
12043:
12040:
12039:
12037:
12035:
12031:
12023:
12020:
12018:
12015:
12013:
12010:
12008:
12005:
12003:
12000:
11999:
11998:
11995:
11993:
11990:
11988:
11985:
11983:
11980:
11976:
11973:
11971:
11968:
11966:
11963:
11962:
11961:
11957:
11954:
11953:
11951:
11949:
11944:
11940:
11936:
11926:
11923:
11921:
11918:
11916:
11913:
11911:
11910:Degos disease
11908:
11906:
11903:
11902:
11900:
11896:
11890:
11887:
11885:
11882:
11881:
11879:
11877:
11873:
11865:
11862:
11860:
11857:
11855:
11852:
11850:
11847:
11845:
11842:
11840:
11837:
11836:
11835:
11832:
11830:
11827:
11826:
11821:
11818:
11816:
11813:
11811:
11808:
11806:
11803:
11801:
11798:
11797:
11796:
11793:
11792:
11790:
11788:
11784:
11781:
11779:
11775:
11769:
11766:
11762:
11759:
11758:
11757:
11754:
11753:
11751:
11749:
11745:
11742:
11740:
11735:
11731:
11727:
11722:
11715:
11710:
11708:
11703:
11701:
11696:
11695:
11692:
11679:
11675:
11674:
11670:
11668:
11664:
11663:
11659:
11657:
11653:
11652:
11648:
11647:
11644:
11640:
11633:
11629:
11628:
11624:
11622:
11618:
11617:
11613:
11611:
11607:
11606:
11602:
11598:
11596:
11592:
11588:
11587:
11583:
11579:
11577:
11573:
11572:
11568:
11564:
11563:
11560:
11555:
11551:
11542:
11538:
11533:
11528:
11524:
11520:
11516:
11512:
11508:
11503:
11499:
11493:
11490:. CRC Press.
11489:
11488:
11482:
11481:
11479:
11478:
11467:
11463:
11458:
11453:
11449:
11445:
11442:(3): 173–81.
11441:
11437:
11433:
11426:
11418:
11414:
11409:
11404:
11399:
11394:
11390:
11386:
11382:
11375:
11367:
11363:
11359:
11355:
11351:
11347:
11344:(8): 943–53.
11343:
11339:
11332:
11324:
11320:
11315:
11310:
11306:
11302:
11298:
11291:
11283:
11279:
11274:
11269:
11266:(2): 303–10.
11265:
11261:
11257:
11250:
11242:
11238:
11233:
11228:
11223:
11218:
11214:
11210:
11206:
11199:
11197:
11188:
11184:
11177:
11175:
11167:
11162:
11154:
11150:
11146:
11142:
11135:
11128:
11121:
11116:
11108:
11104:
11099:
11094:
11091:(2): 180–90.
11090:
11086:
11082:
11075:
11073:
11064:
11060:
11055:
11050:
11046:
11042:
11038:
11034:
11030:
11023:
11021:
11019:
11010:
11006:
11001:
10996:
10993:(3): 402–11.
10992:
10988:
10984:
10977:
10969:
10965:
10960:
10955:
10951:
10947:
10943:
10936:
10934:
10932:
10923:
10917:
10913:
10906:
10890:
10886:
10880:
10864:
10860:
10854:
10839:
10835:
10828:
10826:
10809:
10805:
10799:
10784:
10780:
10773:
10765:
10761:
10756:
10751:
10748:(2): 128–34.
10747:
10743:
10739:
10732:
10724:
10720:
10716:
10712:
10708:
10704:
10700:
10696:
10689:
10674:
10670:
10663:
10648:
10644:
10637:
10622:
10618:
10611:
10603:
10599:
10595:
10591:
10587:
10583:
10580:(8): 249–98.
10579:
10575:
10568:
10553:
10549:
10542:
10540:
10523:
10519:
10518:"Blood types"
10513:
10505:
10501:
10497:
10493:
10489:
10485:
10482:(2): 221–31.
10481:
10477:
10470:
10462:
10458:
10453:
10448:
10444:
10440:
10436:
10429:
10421:
10417:
10412:
10407:
10403:
10399:
10395:
10391:
10387:
10380:
10378:
10369:
10365:
10360:
10355:
10351:
10347:
10343:
10339:
10335:
10328:
10326:
10324:
10315:
10311:
10306:
10301:
10297:
10293:
10289:
10282:
10274:
10270:
10265:
10260:
10256:
10252:
10248:
10241:
10233:
10229:
10224:
10219:
10216:(4): 857–64.
10215:
10211:
10207:
10200:
10192:
10188:
10184:
10180:
10176:
10172:
10165:
10157:
10153:
10148:
10143:
10139:
10135:
10131:
10127:
10123:
10116:
10109:
10097:
10093:
10087:
10078:
10074:
10069:
10064:
10060:
10056:
10052:
10048:
10044:
10037:
10035:
10026:
10022:
10017:
10012:
10008:
10004:
10000:
9996:
9992:
9985:
9977:
9973:
9968:
9963:
9959:
9955:
9951:
9947:
9943:
9936:
9934:
9925:
9921:
9916:
9911:
9907:
9903:
9899:
9895:
9891:
9884:
9876:
9872:
9867:
9862:
9858:
9854:
9850:
9846:
9842:
9835:
9827:
9823:
9819:
9815:
9811:
9807:
9803:
9799:
9792:
9784:
9780:
9775:
9770:
9766:
9762:
9758:
9751:
9743:
9739:
9735:
9731:
9726:
9721:
9717:
9713:
9709:
9705:
9698:
9691:
9683:
9679:
9674:
9669:
9664:
9659:
9655:
9651:
9647:
9640:
9632:
9628:
9623:
9618:
9614:
9610:
9606:
9602:
9598:
9591:
9589:
9580:
9576:
9571:
9566:
9563:(5): 861–69.
9562:
9558:
9554:
9547:
9531:
9527:
9521:
9513:
9509:
9504:
9499:
9495:
9491:
9488:(4): 384–90.
9487:
9483:
9479:
9472:
9456:
9452:
9448:
9441:
9433:
9429:
9424:
9419:
9415:
9411:
9407:
9403:
9399:
9392:
9384:
9380:
9375:
9370:
9365:
9360:
9356:
9352:
9348:
9341:
9339:
9337:
9328:
9324:
9319:
9314:
9310:
9306:
9302:
9298:
9294:
9287:
9279:
9275:
9270:
9265:
9261:
9257:
9253:
9249:
9245:
9238:
9230:
9226:
9221:
9216:
9212:
9208:
9204:
9200:
9196:
9189:
9182:
9176:
9174:
9158:
9154:
9147:
9139:
9135:
9130:
9125:
9121:
9117:
9113:
9109:
9105:
9098:
9096:
9087:
9083:
9079:
9075:
9072:(2): e64–71.
9071:
9067:
9059:
9051:
9047:
9043:
9039:
9035:
9031:
9027:
9023:
9015:
9008:
9002:
9000:
8998:
8996:
8994:
8992:
8990:
8981:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8957:
8953:
8949:
8945:
8938:
8930:
8926:
8923:(7): 426–34.
8922:
8918:
8914:
8907:
8899:
8895:
8891:
8887:
8883:
8879:
8871:
8863:
8859:
8855:
8848:
8840:
8836:
8832:
8828:
8824:
8820:
8817:(8): 523–31.
8816:
8812:
8804:
8796:
8792:
8787:
8782:
8779:(3): 311–24.
8778:
8774:
8770:
8763:
8755:
8751:
8746:
8741:
8737:
8733:
8729:
8725:
8721:
8714:
8706:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8689:(4): 433–41.
8688:
8684:
8680:
8673:
8671:
8662:
8658:
8653:
8648:
8644:
8640:
8636:
8632:
8628:
8621:
8614:
8609:
8601:
8597:
8593:
8589:
8582:
8574:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8556:
8552:
8548:
8544:
8540:
8533:
8531:
8522:
8518:
8514:
8510:
8507:(2): 315–52.
8506:
8502:
8495:
8493:
8491:
8489:
8487:
8478:
8474:
8469:
8464:
8459:
8454:
8450:
8446:
8442:
8435:
8427:
8423:
8418:
8413:
8409:
8405:
8401:
8397:
8393:
8386:
8378:
8374:
8369:
8364:
8360:
8356:
8352:
8345:
8336:
8331:
8327:
8323:
8316:
8309:
8301:
8297:
8292:
8287:
8283:
8279:
8275:
8271:
8267:
8260:
8258:
8249:
8245:
8240:
8235:
8231:
8227:
8223:
8216:
8214:
8205:
8201:
8197:
8193:
8189:
8185:
8182:(2): 131–40.
8181:
8177:
8170:
8168:
8166:
8157:
8153:
8148:
8143:
8138:
8133:
8129:
8125:
8121:
8114:
8112:
8110:
8101:
8097:
8093:
8089:
8085:
8078:
8076:
8074:
8065:
8061:
8056:
8051:
8047:
8043:
8039:
8035:
8031:
8024:
8016:
8012:
8007:
8002:
7998:
7994:
7990:
7986:
7982:
7975:
7959:
7955:
7949:
7947:
7938:
7934:
7930:
7926:
7922:
7918:
7914:
7910:
7903:
7901:
7892:
7888:
7884:
7880:
7876:
7872:
7868:
7864:
7860:
7853:
7845:
7841:
7836:
7831:
7827:
7823:
7819:
7815:
7811:
7804:
7802:
7793:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7776:(6): 753–62.
7775:
7771:
7767:
7760:
7758:
7756:
7747:
7743:
7739:
7735:
7731:
7727:
7720:
7712:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7693:
7688:
7684:
7680:
7676:
7669:
7667:
7658:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7640:
7636:
7633:(2): 99–106.
7632:
7628:
7624:
7617:
7609:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7591:
7587:
7584:(3): 506–12.
7583:
7579:
7575:
7568:
7566:
7549:
7545:
7541:
7534:
7526:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7508:
7504:
7501:(7): 657–60.
7500:
7496:
7492:
7485:
7477:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7459:
7455:
7451:
7447:
7446:Blood Reviews
7443:
7436:
7434:
7425:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7407:
7403:
7399:
7392:
7384:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7367:(9): 971–81.
7366:
7362:
7358:
7351:
7343:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7326:(1): 150–55.
7325:
7321:
7317:
7310:
7302:
7298:
7294:
7290:
7283:
7275:
7271:
7267:
7263:
7259:
7255:
7251:
7247:
7240:
7232:
7228:
7223:
7218:
7215:(4): 563–71.
7214:
7210:
7206:
7199:
7191:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7163:
7159:
7155:
7148:
7140:
7136:
7132:
7128:
7124:
7120:
7112:
7104:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7086:
7082:
7078:
7071:
7063:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7045:
7041:
7037:
7030:
7022:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6994:
6990:
6989:Haematologica
6986:
6979:
6971:
6967:
6963:
6959:
6955:
6951:
6948:(5): 535–48.
6947:
6943:
6935:
6933:
6931:
6922:
6918:
6914:
6910:
6906:
6902:
6898:
6894:
6887:
6885:
6883:
6874:
6870:
6866:
6862:
6857:
6852:
6849:(4): 265–72.
6848:
6844:
6839:
6831:
6829:
6827:
6825:
6816:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6798:
6794:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6775:
6767:
6763:
6759:
6755:
6751:
6747:
6740:
6738:
6736:
6734:
6725:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6708:(8): 845–54.
6707:
6703:
6699:
6692:
6684:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6656:
6652:
6648:
6641:
6639:
6637:
6628:
6624:
6620:
6616:
6612:
6608:
6601:
6593:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6576:(4): 349–72.
6575:
6571:
6567:
6560:
6552:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6524:
6520:
6516:
6509:
6501:
6497:
6493:
6489:
6485:
6481:
6478:(2): 127–37.
6477:
6473:
6466:
6464:
6455:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6428:(3): 322–33.
6427:
6423:
6419:
6412:
6404:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6386:
6382:
6378:
6371:
6363:
6359:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6335:
6331:
6327:
6320:
6318:
6316:
6307:
6303:
6299:
6295:
6291:
6287:
6284:(2): 141–49.
6283:
6279:
6272:
6265:
6257:
6253:
6249:
6245:
6241:
6237:
6234:(2): 502–12.
6233:
6229:
6222:
6214:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6186:
6182:
6181:PLOS Medicine
6178:
6171:
6163:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6145:
6141:
6137:
6133:
6129:
6122:
6114:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6096:
6092:
6088:
6084:
6080:
6073:
6065:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6037:
6033:
6029:
6022:
6014:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5978:
5971:
5963:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5920:
5918:
5909:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5881:
5877:
5873:
5866:
5858:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5832:
5825:
5817:
5813:
5809:
5805:
5801:
5797:
5793:
5789:
5782:
5774:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5756:
5752:
5748:
5741:
5739:
5730:
5726:
5722:
5718:
5714:
5710:
5706:
5702:
5695:
5693:
5684:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5666:
5662:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5643:
5641:
5639:
5637:
5635:
5633:
5631:
5622:
5618:
5614:
5610:
5606:
5602:
5598:
5594:
5587:
5585:
5583:
5581:
5579:
5577:
5575:
5573:
5571:
5562:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5544:
5540:
5537:(2): 120–38.
5536:
5532:
5528:
5521:
5513:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5496:(6): 755–63.
5495:
5491:
5487:
5480:
5478:
5476:
5474:
5465:
5461:
5457:
5453:
5449:
5445:
5442:(7): 624–31.
5441:
5437:
5430:
5422:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5405:(6): 824–33.
5404:
5400:
5396:
5389:
5387:
5385:
5383:
5381:
5372:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5354:
5350:
5346:
5339:
5331:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5314:(3): 563–68.
5313:
5309:
5305:
5298:
5296:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5288:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5238:
5236:
5234:
5232:
5230:
5213:
5209:
5205:
5198:
5190:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5172:
5168:
5165:(2): 326–41.
5164:
5160:
5156:
5149:
5141:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5124:(5): 317–25.
5123:
5119:
5115:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5102:
5093:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5050:
5042:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5009:
5001:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4981:
4978:(5): 387–91.
4977:
4973:
4966:
4957:
4952:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4936:
4932:
4924:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4883:
4875:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4858:(5): 438–45.
4857:
4853:
4849:
4842:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4811:(1): 99–103.
4810:
4806:
4799:
4791:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4774:NIHR Evidence
4771:
4765:
4763:
4754:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4713:
4711:
4702:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4659:
4651:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4595:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4578:(3): 243–51.
4577:
4573:
4569:
4562:
4554:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4511:
4503:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4462:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4441:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4413:
4409:
4405:
4398:
4390:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4354:
4347:
4339:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4298:
4290:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4265:(4): 316–19.
4264:
4260:
4256:
4249:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4218:
4210:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4167:
4159:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4118:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4034:
4032:
4030:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4005:
3998:
3996:
3987:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3933:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3908:(5): 359–71.
3907:
3903:
3899:
3892:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3869:(4): 869–76.
3868:
3864:
3860:
3853:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3822:(1): 99–103.
3821:
3817:
3810:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3767:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3718:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3701:(3): 405–14.
3700:
3696:
3692:
3685:
3683:
3674:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3657:(3): 373–79.
3656:
3652:
3648:
3641:
3639:
3637:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3545:(5): 227–35.
3544:
3540:
3532:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3506:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3488:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3471:(6): 755–63.
3470:
3466:
3462:
3455:
3453:
3444:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3411:
3409:
3400:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3354:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3292:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3275:(1): 742–50.
3274:
3270:
3266:
3259:
3257:
3248:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3190:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3128:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3111:(5): 326–34.
3110:
3106:
3102:
3095:
3093:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2927:
2923:
2917:
2915:
2906:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2816:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2791:(8): 808–20.
2790:
2786:
2782:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2754:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2653:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2591:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2562:
2547:
2538:
2529:
2520:
2513:
2507:
2498:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2470:
2465:
2456:
2449:
2445:
2439:
2429:
2420:
2411:
2404:
2400:
2394:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2361:
2357:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2314:
2311:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2280:
2276:
2273:
2268:
2265:
2260:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2242:
2233:
2231:
2230:Jimmy Stewart
2227:
2223:
2219:
2218:Regis Philbin
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2198:Richard Nixon
2194:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2163:Brian Vickers
2155:
2151:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2127:
2118:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2089:
2081:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2056:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2025:
2019:After surgery
2016:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1998:, which used
1997:
1996:JUPITER trial
1993:
1989:
1985:
1980:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1921:An IVC filter
1919:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1816:Drawbacks of
1814:
1808:Interventions
1805:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1794:tumor markers
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1751:
1745:
1743:
1737:
1735:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1707:
1698:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1632:
1614:
1609:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1579:
1574:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1553:gold standard
1550:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1342:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1288:
1287:microvesicles
1284:
1280:
1279:transcription
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1251:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1171:
1169:
1168:jugular veins
1165:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1125:
1122:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1079:levels, high
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
990:
986:
981:
977:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
912:, and active
911:
907:
903:
898:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
859:tissue factor
856:
850:
848:
844:
840:
839:immune system
836:
832:
828:
824:
823:venous stasis
820:
811:
802:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
752:
749:
745:
740:
738:
735:
725:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
657:
652:
645:
640:
636:
629:
624:
623:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
568:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
481:
479:
475:
471:
470:pitting edema
466:
464:
454:
445:
443:
439:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
407:
403:
399:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
323:
321:
317:
313:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
250:
246:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
224:
222:
218:
215:
211:
207:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
161:
159:
155:
152:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
113:
109:
105:
102:
100:
99:Complications
96:
92:
88:
86:
82:
79:
76:
74:
70:
65:
61:
56:
52:
48:
43:
37:
33:
19:
12388:Hypertension
12300:Venous ulcer
12206:
12189:
12157:
12150:
12145:
12115:Inflammation
11996:
11955:
11844:Hyperplastic
11805:Fatty streak
11748:Inflammation
11671:
11660:
11649:
11625:
11614:
11599:
11580:
11565:
11514:
11510:
11486:
11476:
11475:
11439:
11435:
11425:
11388:
11384:
11374:
11341:
11337:
11331:
11307:(1): 65–74.
11304:
11300:
11290:
11263:
11259:
11249:
11212:
11208:
11186:
11168:, p. 2.
11161:
11147:(1): 89–92.
11144:
11140:
11127:
11122:, p. 3.
11115:
11088:
11084:
11036:
11032:
10990:
10986:
10976:
10949:
10945:
10911:
10905:
10893:. Retrieved
10888:
10879:
10867:. Retrieved
10862:
10853:
10841:. Retrieved
10837:
10812:. Retrieved
10808:The Guardian
10807:
10798:
10786:. Retrieved
10782:
10772:
10745:
10741:
10731:
10701:(2): 93–95.
10698:
10694:
10688:
10676:. Retrieved
10672:
10662:
10650:. Retrieved
10646:
10636:
10624:. Retrieved
10620:
10610:
10577:
10573:
10567:
10555:. Retrieved
10551:
10526:. Retrieved
10512:
10479:
10475:
10469:
10442:
10438:
10428:
10393:
10389:
10341:
10337:
10298:(1): 69–76.
10295:
10291:
10281:
10254:
10250:
10240:
10213:
10209:
10199:
10174:
10170:
10164:
10129:
10125:
10115:
10107:
10100:. Retrieved
10086:
10050:
10046:
9998:
9994:
9984:
9949:
9945:
9897:
9893:
9883:
9848:
9844:
9834:
9801:
9797:
9791:
9764:
9760:
9750:
9707:
9703:
9690:
9653:
9649:
9639:
9604:
9600:
9560:
9556:
9546:
9534:. Retrieved
9529:
9520:
9485:
9481:
9471:
9459:. Retrieved
9455:the original
9451:Clot Connect
9450:
9440:
9405:
9401:
9391:
9354:
9350:
9300:
9296:
9286:
9251:
9247:
9237:
9202:
9198:
9188:
9160:. Retrieved
9156:
9146:
9111:
9107:
9069:
9065:
9058:
9025:
9021:
9014:
8951:
8947:
8937:
8920:
8916:
8906:
8881:
8877:
8870:
8847:
8814:
8810:
8803:
8776:
8772:
8762:
8727:
8723:
8713:
8686:
8682:
8634:
8630:
8620:
8608:
8591:
8581:
8546:
8542:
8504:
8500:
8448:
8444:
8434:
8399:
8395:
8385:
8358:
8354:
8344:
8325:
8321:
8308:
8273:
8269:
8229:
8225:
8179:
8175:
8127:
8123:
8091:
8087:
8037:
8033:
8023:
7988:
7984:
7974:
7962:. Retrieved
7958:the original
7912:
7908:
7869:(1): 86–93.
7866:
7862:
7852:
7817:
7813:
7773:
7769:
7729:
7725:
7719:
7682:
7678:
7630:
7626:
7616:
7581:
7577:
7552:. Retrieved
7543:
7533:
7498:
7494:
7484:
7452:(1): 17–24.
7449:
7445:
7408:(1): 11–19.
7405:
7401:
7391:
7364:
7360:
7350:
7323:
7319:
7309:
7292:
7282:
7249:
7245:
7239:
7212:
7208:
7198:
7161:
7157:
7147:
7122:
7118:
7111:
7084:
7080:
7070:
7046:(2): 53–57.
7043:
7039:
7029:
6992:
6988:
6978:
6945:
6941:
6896:
6892:
6846:
6842:
6788:
6784:
6774:
6749:
6745:
6705:
6701:
6691:
6654:
6650:
6610:
6606:
6600:
6573:
6569:
6559:
6522:
6518:
6508:
6475:
6471:
6425:
6421:
6411:
6384:
6380:
6370:
6333:
6329:
6281:
6277:
6264:
6231:
6227:
6221:
6184:
6180:
6170:
6135:
6131:
6121:
6086:
6082:
6072:
6035:
6031:
6021:
5984:
5980:
5970:
5933:
5929:
5879:
5875:
5865:
5838:
5834:
5824:
5791:
5787:
5781:
5754:
5750:
5704:
5700:
5656:
5652:
5596:
5592:
5534:
5530:
5520:
5493:
5489:
5439:
5435:
5429:
5402:
5398:
5352:
5348:
5338:
5311:
5307:
5251:
5247:
5216:. Retrieved
5207:
5197:
5162:
5158:
5148:
5121:
5117:
5063:
5059:
5049:
5022:
5019:JAMA Surgery
5018:
5008:
4975:
4971:
4965:
4941:(11): 1392.
4938:
4934:
4896:
4892:
4882:
4855:
4851:
4841:
4808:
4804:
4798:
4773:
4726:
4722:
4672:
4668:
4658:
4621:
4617:
4575:
4571:
4561:
4524:
4520:
4510:
4475:
4471:
4431:2318/1691212
4411:
4407:
4397:
4360:
4356:
4346:
4311:
4307:
4297:
4262:
4258:
4248:
4236:. Retrieved
4232:the original
4227:
4217:
4183:(1): 51–52.
4180:
4176:
4166:
4131:
4127:
4117:
4084:
4080:
4074:
4047:
4043:
4011:
4007:
3962:(2): 92–98.
3959:
3955:
3905:
3901:
3891:
3866:
3862:
3852:
3819:
3815:
3809:
3776:
3772:
3766:
3742:
3738:
3725:
3698:
3694:
3654:
3650:
3602:
3598:
3560:11343/285435
3542:
3538:
3468:
3464:
3424:
3420:
3380:
3376:
3326:
3322:
3272:
3268:
3220:
3216:
3162:
3158:
3108:
3104:
3079:. Retrieved
3075:the original
3062:
3058:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2963:
2959:
2930:. Retrieved
2925:
2886:
2882:
2788:
2784:
2726:
2722:
2660:
2656:
2600:
2596:
2546:
2537:
2528:
2519:
2506:
2497:
2476:
2469:Subsartorial
2468:
2464:
2455:
2438:
2428:
2419:
2410:
2393:
2380:), kidneys (
2360:
2327:genetic loci
2322:
2320:
2306:
2296:
2285:
2269:
2261:
2249:
2247:
2195:
2176:Tennis star
2175:
2159:
2139:
2128:
2124:
2121:Epidemiology
2115:
2103:
2095:
2086:
2062:
2053:
2034:
2013:
2000:rosuvastatin
1976:
1943:primary care
1940:
1924:
1839:
1831:
1821:
1813:Thrombolysis
1811:
1759:
1746:
1738:
1731:
1723:
1720:fondaparinux
1715:
1678:fondaparinux
1635:
1627:
1588:femoral vein
1547:
1528:Compression
1527:
1340:
1337:
1320:
1314:
1291:
1256:
1216:
1196:
1176:pathological
1172:
1160:femoral vein
1153:
1149:fibrinolysis
1138:
1117:
1058:
1021:antithrombin
994:
974:fibrinolysis
954:Chemotherapy
942:
914:tuberculosis
899:
863:hip fracture
851:
835:inflammation
816:
796:
779:
771:
763:
756:proximal DVT
755:
753:
741:
731:
681:Baker's cyst
670:
619:right atrium
599:heart defect
592:
582:, an urgent
569:
522:
482:
473:
467:
459:
434:
411:
396:such as the
391:
371:antithrombin
329:, increased
324:
312:complication
309:
278:
261:
257:
256:
234:fondaparinux
167:Baker's cyst
112:Risk factors
36:
12453:Hypotension
11997:head / neck
11849:Cholesterol
11739:capillaries
11651:MedlinePlus
10102:10 February
9303:(1): 5–18.
9199:Circulation
8592:StatPearls
8355:Circulation
7685:(6): 2080.
7554:15 February
7293:StatPearls
6899:(1): 7–17.
6381:Circulation
5355:(1): 1–16.
5060:Circulation
4228:ACS Surgery
4087:(1): 5–14.
2729:(1): 3–14.
2226:David Bloom
2210:Dick Cheney
2107:paresthesia
1984:lose weight
1852:and staged
1646:rivaroxaban
1446:Paralysis,
1321:Wells score
1219:factor VIIa
1199:coagulation
1042:factor VIII
985:coagulation
831:endothelial
418:rivaroxaban
398:Wells score
165:, ruptured
50:Other names
12496:Hematology
12480:Categories
12369:Vasculitis
12359:Thrombosis
12320:Angiopathy
12264:Varicocele
12257:Hemorrhoid
12087:Halo nevus
11943:dissection
11734:arterioles
11673:Patient UK
11627:DiseasesDB
11391:: 451–62.
11166:Dalen 2003
11120:Dalen 2003
10895:22 January
10869:22 January
10843:22 January
10814:22 January
10788:22 January
10678:22 January
10652:22 January
10626:22 January
10557:22 January
10177:: 100–09.
9536:28 January
9461:28 January
9162:21 January
7909:Phlebology
7164:(1): 204.
6752:: 527–45.
5987:: 758010.
5701:Phlebology
4238:16 January
3269:Hematology
3081:30 January
2557:References
2376:), liver (
2343:E-selectin
2339:P-selectin
2206:First Lady
2167:Chris Bosh
2111:leg ulcers
1973:Prevention
1955:cardiology
1951:hematology
1670:parenteral
1658:dabigatran
1624:Management
1557:venography
1489:+6 points
1475:−2 points
1386:+2 points
1329:ultrasound
1319:using the
1283:P-selectin
1141:hemostasis
1077:fibrinogen
1046:homozygous
962:postpartum
932:, primary
920:, such as
764:distal DVT
689:lymphedema
673:Cellulitis
584:fasciotomy
553:hemoptysis
549:chest pain
406:ultrasound
367:blood type
361:, and the
270:blood clot
221:Medication
186:Prevention
175:lymphedema
163:Cellulitis
151:Ultrasound
12123:Phlebitis
11864:Trans fat
11800:Foam cell
11756:Arteritis
11723:(vessels)
11662:eMedicine
10723:231803661
10621:USA Today
10528:15 August
7964:27 August
6613:: 79–83.
6525:: 37–53.
6256:220337035
5816:207452463
5278:211037046
4805:Angiology
4790:242392407
3816:Angiology
3605:(3): 16.
2932:6 January
2625:173995098
2368:), eyes (
2335:factor XI
2303:Economics
2256:Ayurvedic
2248:The book
2190:a CT scan
2186:C-section
2182:advocated
2131:mortality
2092:Prognosis
2075:Travelers
2059:Pregnancy
1522:+1 point
1511:+1 point
1505:Male sex
1500:+1 point
1467:+1 point
1464:+1 point
1453:+1 point
1438:+1 point
1427:+1 point
1416:+1 point
1405:+1 point
1397:+1 point
1394:+1 point
1383:+1 point
1371:+1 point
1368:+1 point
1354:Criteria
1311:Diagnosis
1259:hypoxemia
1236:factor Xa
1212:monocytes
1085:factor XI
1081:factor IX
1033:protein S
1029:protein C
1017:protein S
1013:protein C
989:"cascade"
966:placental
879:catatonia
867:long bone
701:aneurysms
617:from the
561:pleuritic
533:embolizes
529:deep vein
474:see image
379:protein S
375:protein C
359:pregnancy
274:deep vein
248:Frequency
209:Treatment
73:Specialty
12337:Embolism
11939:Aneurysm
11876:Stenosis
11810:Atheroma
11761:Aortitis
11730:Arteries
11667:med/2785
11541:22315257
11466:30410646
11417:26355805
11358:19637948
11323:21222564
11282:25555319
11241:27581829
11107:18783400
11063:20739582
11009:23297815
10968:24059395
10764:23336651
10715:33534674
10673:ABC News
10602:58564402
10594:30638566
10522:Archived
10504:17552169
10496:20941456
10461:22253396
10420:30482766
10368:26654719
10344:: 3–10.
10314:31385593
10273:25173341
10232:31899848
10191:28844444
10156:33878207
10096:Archived
10077:22315261
10025:22315276
9976:30482767
9924:22315263
9875:22315265
9826:22797561
9818:22412039
9783:23396492
9742:24036108
9734:28089655
9682:25518837
9673:11127252
9631:33191841
9579:11054217
9512:27429688
9432:30646021
9383:26987584
9327:31037504
9278:31592728
9229:30586751
9138:29211671
9086:26853645
9050:21801157
9042:22172244
8980:29399524
8929:31573167
8898:26747198
8862:30303669
8839:10659607
8831:20956709
8795:21671894
8754:30482765
8705:22734929
8661:25092359
8600:29939529
8573:22315268
8521:26867832
8477:29399516
8426:16437461
8377:21422387
8300:30122174
8248:26149033
8204:34220435
8196:29310137
8156:29399531
8100:31845779
8064:24615063
8015:23537968
7937:22467822
7929:25729062
7891:58594612
7883:30634198
7844:31315434
7792:27354721
7746:19303501
7711:32197363
7657:29034034
7608:21325673
7548:Archived
7525:20351121
7476:25294122
7424:22082302
7383:32731838
7342:22160027
7301:29262230
7274:54379879
7266:15794972
7231:22076463
7209:Leukemia
7190:30115029
7139:25890452
7103:26179082
7062:26221164
7021:31582554
6962:22740183
6913:21707594
6873:23139811
6865:22473726
6815:22872710
6766:21034220
6724:29255070
6683:30918022
6627:28917273
6592:31957081
6551:28331377
6492:22648484
6454:30472725
6403:32375490
6362:29876337
6306:49606106
6298:29954011
6248:32627124
6213:32407386
6162:33217420
6113:26111103
6064:31749809
6038:: 2569.
6013:25140182
5962:29399532
5908:29435334
5857:27145936
5808:27156025
5794:: 61–5.
5773:19630821
5729:13564168
5721:22457300
5683:30482763
5621:34486553
5613:20083911
5561:21084000
5512:23531017
5464:49313388
5456:29920621
5421:20456358
5371:21116184
5330:22345594
5270:32020753
5212:Archived
5189:33733032
5140:31917402
5092:30586751
5041:27437827
5000:33536953
4992:21832920
4923:17060659
4874:20124539
4833:30043830
4825:18504268
4753:31340984
4701:28123971
4650:31258531
4624:: 1348.
4594:22959541
4553:18205917
4502:22315267
4440:30141306
4389:32431661
4338:27113791
4289:30443615
4209:29422736
4158:12997687
4101:21193462
4066:31504429
4020:29101916
3986:29872243
3932:31327867
3883:11762276
3844:30043830
3836:18504268
3793:29472180
3755:Archived
3751:20066826
3717:18031292
3673:18296592
3627:34922038
3619:28290004
3577:73433650
3569:30739331
3487:23531017
3443:29212112
3399:27126645
3353:31676865
3291:31736432
3247:33007077
3189:28446351
3127:31917405
3071:29297660
3031:25304324
2990:31794602
2905:28329262
2815:27764878
2753:26780736
2679:29257737
2617:31155730
2486:efficacy
1977:For the
1910:sequelae
1902:axillary
1666:edoxaban
1654:apixaban
1638:warfarin
1631:bleeding
1293:D-dimers
1075:, high
1005:factor V
906:COVID-19
847:platelet
772:calf DVT
760:proximal
695:. Other
685:hematoma
576:gangrene
478:cyanosis
463:swelling
426:warfarin
422:apixaban
307:(VTE).
281:embolize
242:warfarin
171:hematoma
91:swelling
85:Symptoms
12158:abdomen
11839:Hyaline
11621:D020246
11532:3278060
11457:6217569
11408:4559246
11366:8966676
11232:9487211
11153:8998158
11054:3006583
10411:6258911
10359:4706477
10147:8092568
10068:3278052
10016:3278054
9967:6258928
9915:3278061
9866:3278063
9622:7763794
9503:4944794
9423:6324296
9374:4797165
9318:6514035
9269:6788761
9220:6389417
9129:5763501
8971:5778529
8745:6258922
8652:7074008
8564:3278049
8468:5778527
8417:7389637
8291:6317734
8147:5778510
8055:3948465
8006:3612268
7835:6703916
7702:7139924
7648:5579784
7599:3079895
7516:2855912
7467:4314363
7181:6097196
7053:4515342
7012:7327659
6970:5203474
6921:9305488
6806:3413580
6674:9488553
6542:5354538
6500:6925903
6445:6378375
6353:5974100
6336:: 142.
6204:7224453
6153:7670889
6104:4631038
6055:6848062
6004:4129160
5953:5778512
5899:5796503
5674:6258910
5552:3096855
5180:7938631
5083:6389417
4956:2072980
4914:1609160
4744:6651066
4692:5220209
4641:6587539
4544:2244628
4493:3278048
4380:7214694
4363:: 336.
4329:4854131
4280:6230348
4200:5793026
4149:2021962
3977:5986574
3923:6738049
3801:3454404
3344:6858581
3238:7556153
3180:5415909
2981:6963238
2806:5146955
2744:4715842
2687:3707226
2236:History
2222:Heavy D
1750:Statins
1664:), and
1448:paresis
1333:imaging
1301:plasmin
1187:jugular
960:In the
748:chronic
637:(white)
557:syncope
537:embolus
438:aspirin
430:heparin
402:D-dimer
343:obesity
285:embolus
203:aspirin
122:obesity
78:Various
11656:000156
11610:453.40
11576:BD71.4
11539:
11529:
11494:
11464:
11454:
11415:
11405:
11364:
11356:
11321:
11280:
11239:
11229:
11151:
11105:
11061:
11051:
11007:
10966:
10918:
10762:
10721:
10713:
10600:
10592:
10502:
10494:
10459:
10418:
10408:
10366:
10356:
10312:
10271:
10230:
10189:
10154:
10144:
10075:
10065:
10023:
10013:
9974:
9964:
9922:
9912:
9873:
9863:
9824:
9816:
9781:
9740:
9732:
9680:
9670:
9629:
9619:
9577:
9532:. 2020
9510:
9500:
9430:
9420:
9381:
9371:
9357:: 63.
9325:
9315:
9276:
9266:
9227:
9217:
9136:
9126:
9084:
9048:
9040:
9022:Lancet
8978:
8968:
8927:
8896:
8860:
8837:
8829:
8793:
8752:
8742:
8703:
8659:
8649:
8598:
8571:
8561:
8519:
8475:
8465:
8424:
8414:
8375:
8298:
8288:
8246:
8202:
8194:
8154:
8144:
8098:
8062:
8052:
8013:
8003:
7935:
7927:
7889:
7881:
7842:
7832:
7790:
7744:
7709:
7699:
7655:
7645:
7606:
7596:
7523:
7513:
7474:
7464:
7422:
7381:
7340:
7299:
7272:
7264:
7246:Lancet
7229:
7188:
7178:
7137:
7101:
7060:
7050:
7019:
7009:
6968:
6960:
6919:
6911:
6871:
6863:
6813:
6803:
6764:
6722:
6681:
6671:
6625:
6590:
6549:
6539:
6498:
6490:
6452:
6442:
6401:
6360:
6350:
6304:
6296:
6254:
6246:
6211:
6201:
6160:
6150:
6111:
6101:
6062:
6052:
6011:
6001:
5960:
5950:
5906:
5896:
5855:
5835:Stroke
5814:
5806:
5771:
5727:
5719:
5681:
5671:
5619:
5611:
5559:
5549:
5510:
5462:
5454:
5419:
5369:
5328:
5276:
5268:
5187:
5177:
5138:
5090:
5080:
5039:
4998:
4990:
4953:
4921:
4911:
4872:
4831:
4823:
4788:
4751:
4741:
4699:
4689:
4648:
4638:
4592:
4551:
4541:
4500:
4490:
4438:
4387:
4377:
4336:
4326:
4287:
4277:
4207:
4197:
4156:
4146:
4107:
4099:
4064:
4018:
3984:
3974:
3930:
3920:
3881:
3842:
3834:
3799:
3791:
3749:
3715:
3671:
3625:
3617:
3575:
3567:
3485:
3441:
3397:
3351:
3341:
3289:
3245:
3235:
3187:
3177:
3125:
3069:
3029:
2988:
2978:
2903:
2813:
2803:
2751:
2741:
2685:
2677:
2623:
2615:
2490:NSAIDs
2414:Type I
2145:Social
1680:, and
1539:duplex
1295:are a
1242:, and
1227:fibrin
1031:, and
1019:, and
936:, and
902:sepsis
883:stroke
865:, and
855:trauma
805:Causes
768:distal
728:here.)
691:, and
607:defect
595:stroke
424:, and
412:Using
377:, and
339:cancer
320:ulcers
181:, etc.
118:cancer
89:Pain,
12273:Other
12106:Veins
11956:torso
11898:Other
11595:I80.2
11591:I80.1
11511:Chest
11362:S2CID
11137:(PDF)
10889:TODAY
10719:S2CID
10598:S2CID
10552:Vogue
10500:S2CID
10047:Chest
9995:Chest
9894:Chest
9845:Chest
9822:S2CID
9738:S2CID
9700:(PDF)
9046:S2CID
8835:S2CID
8543:Chest
8501:Chest
8318:(PDF)
8200:S2CID
7933:S2CID
7887:S2CID
7770:Blood
7270:S2CID
7081:Blood
6966:S2CID
6917:S2CID
6869:S2CID
6702:Blood
6496:S2CID
6302:S2CID
6274:(PDF)
6252:S2CID
6132:Chest
6083:Chest
5882:: 3.
5812:S2CID
5725:S2CID
5617:S2CID
5460:S2CID
5274:S2CID
5218:8 May
5118:Blood
4996:S2CID
4829:S2CID
4786:S2CID
4527:: 6.
4472:Chest
4109:64951
4105:S2CID
3840:S2CID
3797:S2CID
3758:(PDF)
3735:(PDF)
3623:S2CID
3573:S2CID
3105:Blood
2683:S2CID
2621:S2CID
2353:Notes
2254:, an
2043:, or
1961:, or
1796:or a
1778:renal
1724:right
786:, or
784:iliac
744:acute
677:triad
609:of a
539:in a
499:in a
293:lungs
272:in a
12207:head
11737:and
11632:3498
11616:MeSH
11605:9-CM
11537:PMID
11492:ISBN
11462:PMID
11413:PMID
11354:PMID
11319:PMID
11278:PMID
11237:PMID
11149:PMID
11103:PMID
11059:PMID
11005:PMID
10964:PMID
10916:ISBN
10897:2020
10871:2020
10845:2020
10816:2020
10790:2020
10760:PMID
10711:PMID
10680:2020
10654:2020
10628:2020
10590:PMID
10559:2020
10530:2012
10492:PMID
10457:PMID
10439:JAMA
10416:PMID
10364:PMID
10310:PMID
10269:PMID
10228:PMID
10187:PMID
10152:PMID
10130:2021
10104:2012
10073:PMID
10021:PMID
9972:PMID
9920:PMID
9871:PMID
9814:PMID
9779:PMID
9730:PMID
9678:PMID
9654:2014
9627:PMID
9575:PMID
9538:2020
9508:PMID
9463:2020
9428:PMID
9379:PMID
9323:PMID
9274:PMID
9225:PMID
9164:2020
9134:PMID
9082:PMID
9038:PMID
8976:PMID
8925:PMID
8894:PMID
8858:PMID
8827:PMID
8791:PMID
8750:PMID
8701:PMID
8657:PMID
8635:2014
8596:PMID
8569:PMID
8517:PMID
8473:PMID
8422:PMID
8400:2006
8373:PMID
8296:PMID
8244:PMID
8192:PMID
8152:PMID
8096:PMID
8060:PMID
8011:PMID
7966:2012
7925:PMID
7879:PMID
7840:PMID
7788:PMID
7742:PMID
7707:PMID
7653:PMID
7604:PMID
7556:2011
7521:PMID
7472:PMID
7420:PMID
7379:PMID
7338:PMID
7324:2011
7297:PMID
7262:PMID
7227:PMID
7186:PMID
7135:PMID
7099:PMID
7058:PMID
7017:PMID
6958:PMID
6909:PMID
6861:PMID
6811:PMID
6762:PMID
6720:PMID
6679:PMID
6623:PMID
6588:PMID
6547:PMID
6488:PMID
6450:PMID
6399:PMID
6358:PMID
6294:PMID
6244:PMID
6209:PMID
6158:PMID
6109:PMID
6060:PMID
6009:PMID
5985:2014
5958:PMID
5904:PMID
5853:PMID
5804:PMID
5769:PMID
5717:PMID
5679:PMID
5609:PMID
5557:PMID
5508:PMID
5452:PMID
5417:PMID
5367:PMID
5326:PMID
5266:PMID
5220:2021
5185:PMID
5136:PMID
5088:PMID
5037:PMID
4988:PMID
4919:PMID
4870:PMID
4852:JAMA
4821:PMID
4749:PMID
4697:PMID
4646:PMID
4590:PMID
4549:PMID
4498:PMID
4436:PMID
4385:PMID
4334:PMID
4312:2016
4285:PMID
4240:2012
4205:PMID
4154:PMID
4097:PMID
4062:PMID
4016:PMID
3982:PMID
3928:PMID
3879:PMID
3832:PMID
3789:PMID
3747:PMID
3713:PMID
3669:PMID
3615:PMID
3565:PMID
3483:PMID
3439:PMID
3395:PMID
3349:PMID
3287:PMID
3243:PMID
3185:PMID
3123:PMID
3083:2020
3067:PMID
3027:PMID
2986:PMID
2934:2020
2901:PMID
2811:PMID
2749:PMID
2675:PMID
2613:PMID
1904:and
1835:QALY
1802:NICE
1790:APTT
1788:and
1780:and
1716:left
1541:and
1265:and
1225:and
1189:and
1040:and
983:The
400:. A
385:and
11854:LDL
11601:ICD
11582:ICD
11567:ICD
11527:PMC
11519:doi
11515:141
11452:PMC
11444:doi
11403:PMC
11393:doi
11346:doi
11309:doi
11268:doi
11264:135
11227:PMC
11217:doi
11093:doi
11089:143
11049:PMC
11041:doi
10995:doi
10954:doi
10950:201
10863:CNN
10750:doi
10703:doi
10647:CNN
10582:doi
10484:doi
10480:105
10447:doi
10443:307
10406:PMC
10398:doi
10354:PMC
10346:doi
10342:137
10300:doi
10259:doi
10218:doi
10179:doi
10175:164
10142:PMC
10134:doi
10063:PMC
10055:doi
10051:141
10011:PMC
10003:doi
9999:141
9962:PMC
9954:doi
9910:PMC
9902:doi
9898:141
9861:PMC
9853:doi
9849:141
9806:doi
9802:156
9769:doi
9720:hdl
9712:doi
9668:PMC
9658:doi
9617:PMC
9609:doi
9565:doi
9498:PMC
9490:doi
9418:PMC
9410:doi
9369:PMC
9359:doi
9313:PMC
9305:doi
9264:PMC
9256:doi
9215:PMC
9207:doi
9203:139
9124:PMC
9116:doi
9112:377
9074:doi
9030:doi
9026:379
8966:PMC
8956:doi
8921:100
8886:doi
8882:129
8819:doi
8815:153
8781:doi
8777:154
8740:PMC
8732:doi
8691:doi
8687:158
8647:PMC
8639:doi
8559:PMC
8551:doi
8547:141
8509:doi
8505:149
8463:PMC
8453:doi
8412:PMC
8404:doi
8363:doi
8359:123
8330:doi
8286:PMC
8278:doi
8234:doi
8184:doi
8180:168
8142:PMC
8132:doi
8092:100
8050:PMC
8042:doi
8038:348
8034:BMJ
8001:PMC
7993:doi
7989:165
7917:doi
7871:doi
7830:PMC
7822:doi
7778:doi
7774:128
7734:doi
7730:123
7697:PMC
7687:doi
7643:PMC
7635:doi
7594:PMC
7586:doi
7511:PMC
7503:doi
7499:182
7462:PMC
7454:doi
7410:doi
7369:doi
7328:doi
7254:doi
7250:365
7217:doi
7176:PMC
7166:doi
7127:doi
7123:135
7089:doi
7085:126
7048:PMC
7007:PMC
6997:doi
6993:105
6950:doi
6901:doi
6851:doi
6801:PMC
6793:doi
6789:345
6785:BMJ
6754:doi
6710:doi
6706:131
6669:PMC
6659:doi
6615:doi
6611:118
6578:doi
6574:287
6537:PMC
6527:doi
6480:doi
6440:PMC
6430:doi
6426:195
6389:doi
6385:141
6348:PMC
6338:doi
6286:doi
6236:doi
6199:PMC
6189:doi
6148:PMC
6140:doi
6136:159
6099:PMC
6091:doi
6087:148
6050:PMC
6040:doi
5999:PMC
5989:doi
5948:PMC
5938:doi
5894:PMC
5884:doi
5843:doi
5796:doi
5792:241
5759:doi
5709:doi
5669:PMC
5661:doi
5601:doi
5547:PMC
5539:doi
5498:doi
5494:161
5444:doi
5407:doi
5403:149
5357:doi
5316:doi
5256:doi
5175:PMC
5167:doi
5126:doi
5122:135
5078:PMC
5068:doi
5064:139
5027:doi
5023:151
4980:doi
4951:PMC
4943:doi
4939:177
4909:PMC
4901:doi
4897:175
4860:doi
4856:303
4813:doi
4778:doi
4739:PMC
4731:doi
4727:366
4723:BMJ
4687:PMC
4677:doi
4636:PMC
4626:doi
4580:doi
4539:PMC
4529:doi
4488:PMC
4480:doi
4476:141
4426:hdl
4416:doi
4375:PMC
4365:doi
4324:PMC
4316:doi
4275:PMC
4267:doi
4195:PMC
4185:doi
4144:PMC
4136:doi
4089:doi
4052:doi
3972:PMC
3964:doi
3918:PMC
3910:doi
3906:121
3871:doi
3824:doi
3781:doi
3777:360
3773:BMJ
3703:doi
3659:doi
3607:doi
3555:hdl
3547:doi
3543:210
3473:doi
3469:161
3429:doi
3425:117
3385:doi
3381:118
3339:PMC
3331:doi
3277:doi
3233:PMC
3225:doi
3175:PMC
3167:doi
3163:114
3113:doi
3109:135
3017:doi
2976:PMC
2968:doi
2891:doi
2801:PMC
2793:doi
2739:PMC
2731:doi
2665:doi
2605:doi
2601:210
1844:or
1660:(a
1652:),
1648:(a
1644:),
1640:(a
910:HIV
547:or
432:.
314:is
303:of
262:DVT
18:DVT
12482::
11958::
11941:/
11732:,
11676::
11665::
11654::
11630::
11619::
11608::
11593:,
11589::
11586:10
11574::
11571:11
11535:.
11525:.
11513:.
11509:.
11460:.
11450:.
11440:14
11438:.
11434:.
11411:.
11401:.
11387:.
11383:.
11360:.
11352:.
11342:29
11340:.
11317:.
11305:14
11303:.
11299:.
11276:.
11262:.
11258:.
11235:.
11225:.
11213:25
11211:.
11207:.
11195:^
11185:.
11173:^
11145:38
11143:.
11139:.
11101:.
11087:.
11083:.
11071:^
11057:.
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11035:.
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10962:.
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10930:^
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10746:79
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10740:.
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10619:.
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10538:^
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