1306:
1295:
398:
105:, they retain wet lines of drainage through the dry season. They are inundated (waterlogged) in the (wet season) but not generally above the height of the vegetation, and any open water surface is usually confined to streams and small ponds or lagoons (small swamps) at the lowest point generally near the centre.
227:
are seen in some dambos. Thus it may take a long timeâperhaps several yearsâfor water from a heavy rainy season to percolate through hills and emerge in a dambo, creating lagoons there or a flow in downstream rivers which cannot be explained by the previous year's rainfall. Dambos may be involved,
218:
There is a popular idea that dambos act like sponges to soak up the wet season rain which they release slowly into rivers during the dry season thus ensuring a year-round flow, but this is opposed by some research which suggests that in the middle to late dry season the water is actually released
108:
The name dambo is most frequently used for wetlands on flat plateaus which form the (River source|headwaters) of streams. The definition for scientific purposes has been proposed as âseasonally waterlogged, predominantly grass covered, depressions bordering headwater drainage linesâ.
39:. They are generally found in higher rainfall flat plateau areas and have river-like branching forms which in themselves are not very large but combined add up to a large area. Dambos have been estimated to comprise 12.5% of the area of Zambia. Similar African words include
386:, Zambia). The water in the pan has dried out, and the grass has been burnt off giving the dark appearance at the centre of the dambo. To the east and west of the pan dambo a series of dambos can be seen along two river courses.
448:
Mackel, R. 1985. âDambos and related landforms in Africa; an example for the ecological approach to tropical geomorphologyâ. Z. Geomorphol. N.F. Supplementband 52: 1â23.
279:
for growing vegetables and other food crops, which can be vital in drought years since dambo soils usually retain enough moisture to produce a harvest when the rains fail
301:. Efforts to develop dambos agriculturally have been hampered by a lack of research on the hydrology and soils of dambos, which have proved to be variable and complex.
344:, Zambia) in a forest reserve. Unlike in the neighbouring areas which have been cleared for farming and charcoal-burning, the dambo contrasts well with the undisturbed
471:
Von der Heyden, C.J. and New, M.G.: âThe role of the dambo in the hydrology of a catchment and the river network downstreamâ. Hydrology and Earth
Science, 7(3). 2003.
117:
The problem with the preceding definition is that the word may also be used for wetlands bordering rivers far from the headwaters, for example the dambo of the
348:
woodland canopy. Headwater dambos have a branching structure like rivers. Most of the dambos have roughly the same width and form the same sort of pattern.
1136:
1079:
1164:
1089:
418:
Chidumayo, E.N.: "The utilisation status of dambos in southern Africa: a
Zambian case study". In: Matiza, T. & Chabwela, H.N. (eds.)
1184:
1116:
1179:
499:
164:
101:. They may be substantially dry at the end of the (dry season), revealing grey soils or black clays, but unlike a
675:
354:
132:
1345:
1189:
904:
628:
1199:
102:
1340:
1084:
207:
Dambos are fed by rainfall which drains out slowly to feed streams and are therefore a vital part of the
312:
1169:
97:
Dambos are characterised by grasses, rushes and sedges, contrasting with surrounding woodland such as
1148:
422:(pp. 105-108). International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland (1992).
859:
175:â dambos (associated with rivers), and also referred to five geomorphological types in Zambiaâs
1194:
1071:
965:
492:
462:
FAO: Wetland
Characterization and Classification for Sustainable Agricultural Development 1998
839:
1099:
8:
1279:
930:
1335:
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970:
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1126:
935:
877:
740:
715:
485:
172:
940:
854:
735:
544:
431:
Andrew S. Goudie, "The
Geomorphology of the Seasonal Tropics" in William M. Adams,
176:
894:
1299:
1174:
1111:
869:
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403:
98:
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118:
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233:
168:
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126:
1244:
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62:
228:
for instance, in explaining puzzling variations in water level or flow in
1269:
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1131:
1121:
1020:
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579:
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267:
208:
52:
44:
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263:
623:
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1025:
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574:
549:
529:
289:
for fishing (generally using fish traps) in those dambos with streams
252:
211:. As well as being complex ecosystems, they also play a role in the
1239:
1234:
1224:
1046:
998:
993:
976:
834:
814:
779:
658:
653:
383:
273:
36:
24:
695:
89:
have also been suggested as referring to similar grassy wetlands.
1274:
1254:
819:
784:
606:
508:
283:
220:
70:
1008:
799:
789:
685:
345:
32:
28:
849:
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690:
665:
534:
122:
1003:
824:
700:
477:
298:
259:
57:
643:
554:
27:
in central, southern and eastern Africa, particularly in
420:
Wetlands conservation conference for southern Africa
393:
1322:
1080:A Directory of Important Wetlands in Australia
1165:Bangladesh Haor and Wetland Development Board
1090:Ramsar Classification System for Wetland Type
493:
465:
244:Traditionally, dambos have been exploited:
171:â dambos (associated with headwaters) and â
500:
486:
351:An example of a pan dambo can be seen at
439:(Oxford: University Press, 1996), p. 152
272:for hunting (especially birds and small
293:More recently, they have been used for
1323:
1185:Meadowview Biological Research Station
1117:Greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands
481:
458:
456:
454:
442:
167:distinguishes between âhydromorphic/
1180:Irish Peatland Conservation Council
13:
451:
92:
14:
1357:
165:Food and Agriculture Organization
16:Class of complex shallow wetlands
1305:
1304:
1293:
437:The Physical geography of Africa
396:
676:Flooded grasslands and savannas
425:
412:
23:is a class of complex shallow
1:
1200:Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust
1190:Society of Wetland Scientists
389:
815:Peatland, mire, and quagmire
507:
248:as a dry-season water source
202:
7:
1085:National Wetlands Inventory
10:
1362:
1170:Delta Waterfowl Foundation
304:
1288:
1212:
1157:
1107:
1098:
1070:
1039:
986:
958:
918:
522:
515:
1149:Wetland indicator status
112:
860:Freshwater swamp forest
370:16.366717°S 24.309667°E
309:A dambo can be seen at
1195:Wetlands International
966:List of wetland plants
382:(102 km north-west of
239:
840:Salt pannes and pools
375:-16.366717; 24.309667
163:A 1998 report of the
1346:Wetlands of Zimbabwe
255:and fencing material
148:9.72500°S 28.76667°E
121:where it enters the
1300:Wetlands portal
931:Constructed wetland
516:Types and landforms
366: /
324: /
297:and growing upland
282:for soaking bitter
262:used for building,
251:for rushes used as
144: /
1341:Wetlands of Zambia
1144:Salt marsh die-off
1062:Salt marsh dieback
971:List of fen plants
810:Palustrine wetland
711:Intertidal wetland
706:Interdunal wetland
232:and Lake Chila in
230:Lake Mweru Wantipa
153:-9.72500; 28.76667
43:(commonly used in
1318:
1317:
1220:Aquatic ecosystem
1208:
1207:
1127:Ramsar Convention
954:
953:
936:Converted wetland
878:Peat swamp forest
741:Inland salt marsh
328:11.467°S 28.900°E
103:flooded grassland
1353:
1308:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1280:Will-o'-the-wisp
1213:Related articles
1105:
1104:
905:Whitewater river
855:Coniferous swamp
736:Freshwater marsh
629:Clearwater river
545:Blackwater river
520:
519:
502:
495:
488:
479:
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472:
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359:
340:(30 km south of
339:
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329:
325:
322:
321:
320:
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177:Luapula Province
159:
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1319:
1314:
1294:
1292:
1284:
1204:
1175:Ducks Unlimited
1153:
1112:Clean Water Act
1094:
1072:Classifications
1066:
1035:
982:
950:
914:
865:Mangrove forest
511:
506:
476:
475:
470:
466:
461:
452:
447:
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430:
426:
417:
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404:Wetlands portal
402:
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352:
333:-11.467; 28.900
332:
330:
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323:
318:
315:
313:
311:
310:
307:
242:
215:of the region.
205:
152:
150:
146:
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131:
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115:
99:miombo woodland
95:
93:Characteristics
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1250:Drainage basin
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1057:Paludification
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1028:
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1016:
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1009:Sapric or muck
1006:
996:
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987:Soil mechanics
984:
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731:Brackish marsh
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119:Mbereshi River
114:
111:
94:
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81:); the French
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2:
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1260:Riparian zone
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1158:Organizations
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1045:
1044:
1042:
1038:
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1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1014:Tropical peat
1012:
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1005:
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1001:
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997:
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985:
979:
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927:
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908:
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903:
901:
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896:
895:VĂĄrzea forest
893:
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876:
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868:
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618:
615:
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613:
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598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
585:Polygonal bog
583:
581:
578:
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573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
557:
556:
553:
551:
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541:
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536:
533:
531:
528:
527:
525:
521:
518:
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510:
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491:
489:
484:
483:
480:
468:
459:
457:
455:
445:
438:
434:
428:
421:
415:
411:
405:
394:
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379:
349:
347:
343:
337:
302:
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261:
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210:
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128:
127:Luapula River
124:
120:
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106:
104:
100:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
59:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
1245:List of bogs
1100:Conservation
1031:Ombrotrophic
975:
946:Water-meadow
870:
681:Grass valley
671:Flood-meadow
638:
634:Cypress dome
565:Cataract bog
540:Beach meadow
467:
444:
436:
432:
427:
419:
414:
350:
308:
292:
286:in dug ponds
264:brick-making
243:
217:
213:biodiversity
206:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
162:
116:
107:
96:
86:
82:
79:Sierra Leone
74:
66:
63:South Africa
56:
48:
40:
20:
18:
1270:Telmatology
1265:River delta
1132:Ramsar site
1122:Marsh organ
1021:Hydric soil
900:Vernal pool
883:Shrub swamp
751:Tidal marsh
580:Plateau bog
570:Coastal bog
560:Blanket bog
435:(editors),
373: /
361:24°18.580â˛E
358:16°22.003â˛S
331: /
268:earthenware
209:water cycle
151: /
129:in Zambia,
85:and German
53:Mashonaland
45:East Africa
1325:Categories
1230:Bog butter
926:Bog garden
919:Artificial
890:Wet meadow
756:High marsh
746:Salt marsh
649:Fen-meadow
617:Alder carr
600:Upland bog
595:String bog
590:Raised bog
390:References
295:fish ponds
139:28°46â˛00âłE
136:09°43â˛30âłS
1336:Landforms
1052:Hydrosere
1040:Processes
1026:Marsh gas
871:Myristica
761:Low marsh
575:Kermi bog
550:Bofedales
530:Backswamp
253:thatching
203:Hydrology
193:sand dune
1331:Wetlands
1310:Category
1240:Bog-wood
1235:Bog iron
1225:Bog body
1047:Halosere
999:Histosol
994:Acrotelm
977:Sphagnum
835:Reed bed
780:Moorland
659:Rich fen
654:Poor fen
509:Wetlands
384:Mulobezi
274:antelope
221:aquifers
199:dambos.
169:phreatic
83:bas-fond
37:Zimbabwe
25:wetlands
1275:Turbary
1255:Estuary
830:Pothole
820:Pocosin
785:Mudflat
624:CiĂŠnega
607:Callows
523:Natural
319:28°54â˛E
316:11°28â˛S
305:Example
284:cassava
225:Springs
189:hanging
173:fluvial
125:of the
87:SpĂźltal
73:), and
71:Nigeria
845:Slough
800:Pakihi
790:Muskeg
716:Kettle
686:Guelta
433:et al.
346:miombo
185:valley
181:upland
123:swamps
67:fadama
49:matoro
33:Malawi
29:Zambia
941:Swale
910:YaĂŠrĂŠ
873:swamp
850:Swamp
805:Palsa
795:Oasis
775:Misse
726:Marsh
696:IgapĂł
691:Hamun
666:Flark
639:Dambo
535:Bayou
342:Mansa
234:Mbala
219:from
113:Types
75:bolis
41:mbuga
21:dambo
1137:List
1004:Peat
959:Life
825:Pond
770:Mere
721:Lagg
701:Ings
612:Carr
299:rice
266:and
260:clay
258:for
195:and
58:vlei
35:and
644:Fen
555:Bog
240:Use
197:pan
160:.
65:),
55:),
47:),
1327::
453:^
236:.
223:.
191:,
187:,
183:,
179::
31:,
19:A
501:e
494:t
487:v
276:)
77:(
69:(
61:(
51:(
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