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David Halberstam

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367:, the American ambassador to South Vietnam. Halberstam wrote about the media blackout: "The reason given is security. This is, of course, stupid, naive and indeed insulting to the patriotism and intelligence of every American newspaperman, and every American newspaper represented here." Halberstam argued that the operation could not have been the victory that Harkins had claimed as the Viet Cong must have heard the helicopters coming and accordingly retreated as guerrillas normally do when faced with superior force, leading him to write: "You can bet the V.C. knew what was happening. You can bet Hanoi knew what was happening. Only American reporters and American readers were kept ignorant." 40: 473:
because of his conversion to Methodism, and as someone who would presumably convert the rest of the Chinese to Christianity, they saw the Catholic Diem as Vietnam's Christian savior who likewise would convert the Vietnamese to Christianity. Both Higgins and Luce had been born in China to Protestant missionary parents and were very attracted to the idea of one day converting all of the Chinese to Christianity; Chiang's defeat in 1949 had caused them much bitterness. For many members of the China Lobby, South Vietnam was a sort of consolation prize for the "
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while the news men were covering a Buddhist protest. Seeing Arnett lying on the ground being punched and kicked by policemen, Halberstam ran to his rescue, shouting in fury: "Go back, get back you sons of bitches or I'll beat the shit out of you!" As Halberstam spoke in English, the policemen did not
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editors, to believe that Buddhists were a majority of the Vietnamese population and that the Diệm administration was therefore a minority suppressing a majority. In fact, only 30% of Vietnamese were practicing Buddhists at the time. "The myth of the gravity of the Buddhist crisis was also a point of
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Halberstam arrived in Vietnam in the middle of 1962. A tall and well built man, he conveyed much self-confidence and initially the American embassy approved of him. However, Halberstam was openly hostile to any hint of deception, and he soon came into conflict with American officials. When the chief
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In Halberstam's view, Higgins and Alsop weren't doing any reporting on the ground, they were merely flying into Saigon occasionally to interview US officials and transmit those comments to their American readers. In effect, Halberstam wrote, Higgins and Alsop came to Vietnam "not so much to report
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who was a "defeatist" who never reported the good news from "Vietnam's fighting front." Halberstam ridiculed Alsop's statement about the "fighting front" as reflecting the ignorance of someone who did not understand guerrilla warfare, where there was no "front" in the sense that Alsop had used the
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in baseball, said of Halberstam's assistance: "He provided me with a succinct road map and the proper mind-set." Bryant went on to quote Halberstam on how to tackle a controversial non-fiction subject: "Think about three or four moments that you believe to be the most important during your time
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who told Halberstam to change his coverage to gain Higgins's approval, he wrote back: "If you mention that woman's name to me one more time I will resign, repeat resign, and I mean it, repeat, mean it." More dangerous to Halberstam was criticism of Alsop owing to his friendship with the Kennedy
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The China Lobby tended to approve of Diem for the same reasons that they approved of Chiang, seeing both as pro-Western, modernizing Christian leaders who made their respective nations into copies of the United States. In the same way the China Lobby portrayed Chiang as China's Christian savior
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In particular, Halberstam depicted the 1949 Yankees and Red Sox as symbols of a nobler era, when blue-collar athletes modestly strove to succeed and enter the middle class rather than making millions and defying their owners and talking back to the press. In 1997, Halberstam received the
342:. Although initially eager to cover the events in the country, over time he grew jaded over the demanding working conditions and the difficulty in handling Congolese officials' lack of truthfulness. In July 1962 he quickly accepted an opportunity to move to Vietnam to report on the 498:
on the war as to strengthen policy." Halberstam saw the official, optimistic view of the war as inaccurate – and therefore fundamentally dishonest: "Among lower- and middle-ranking American and Vietnamese officials, there was the working level view," he wrote in his book,
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against President Diệm by sending negative information on Diệm to the U.S. government in news articles and in private, all because they decided Diệm was unhelpful in the war effort. Moyar claims that much of this information was false or misleading.
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was that "We are not interested in building up the prestige of American journalists". Maneli suspected the real reason for refusing Halberstam permission to enter North Vietnam was the belief by the North Vietnamese that he might be an American spy.
477:" in 1949. Halberstam's criticism of Diem sounded very similar to American journalists' criticism of Chiang in the 1940s, and it threatened the possibility of “losing” South Vietnam. This led to their furious attacks on Halberstam.  639:
criticizing the Polish government. Czyżewska followed him, becoming an outcast herself; that decision disrupted her career in the country where she was a big star, adored by millions. In the spring of 1967, Halberstam traveled with
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correspondent Marguerite Higgins was pro-Diệm and frequently clashed with Halberstam and his colleagues. She claimed they had ulterior motives, saying "reporters here would like to see us lose the war to prove they're right."
320:. Halberstam's fiery, rebellious streak first came out when covering the civil rights movement as he protested against the lies of the authorities who portrayed the civil rights protesters as violent and dangerous. 732:, was shot and killed during a home invasion by escaped convict and prolific burglar Bernard C. Welch Jr. His only public comment related to his brother's murder came when he and Michael's widow castigated 378:
of UPI and Malcolm Brown of the AP, challenged the upbeat reporting of the United States mission in South Vietnam. They reported the defeat of government troops at the first major battle of the
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for a book about the 1958 championship game between the Giants and the Baltimore Colts, when the journalism student driving Halberstam to the interview illegally turned into oncoming traffic.
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Michael Young posits that Halberstam saw Vietnam as a moral tragedy, with America's hubris bringing about its downfall. Young writes that Halberstam reduced everything to
893:. Much of his sportswriting, particularly his baseball books, focuses on the personalities of the players and the times they lived in as much as on the games themselves. 738:
magazine, then published monthly, for paying Michael's killer $ 9,000 to pose in jail for color photographs that appeared on inside pages of the February 1981 edition of
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understand him, but as he was much taller than the diminutive Vietnamese, the sight of him running at them, red-faced and furious, was enough to cause them to run away.
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frame. Then think about what the leadership did about it. It doesn't have to be complicated. What happened, and what did the leaders do about it? That's your book."
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Initially well received by the communist regime, two years later he was expelled from the country as persona non grata for publishing an article in
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Seyb, Ronald P. (2017). "Young Man and War: David Halberstam's Empathetic Reporting during the Congo Crisis".
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Slaying Suspect A Puzzle to Neighbors; House Was Toured Periods Away From Home; Control of Handguns Sought
1005:. He wrote four more books in the 2000s, and was working on at least two others at the time of his death. 234:, the son of Blanche (nee Levy) and Charles A. Halberstam, schoolteacher and Army surgeon. His family was 7349: 6404: 6268: 6025: 5892: 5406: 5058: 4792: 4553: 3550: 3516: 3496: 3380: 3259: 2966: 2186:
Browder, Laura (May 1, 2016). "The Meaning of the Soldier: In the Year of the Pig and Hearts and Minds".
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brothers. In his columns, Alsop, without naming Halberstam explicitly, mentioned a young reporter from
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This article is about the author and journalist. For the radio sports announcer and executive, see
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contention." Halberstam's reporting made the crisis seem much more mainstream than it was.
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Toong, Zi Jun (2008). "Overthrown by the Press: The US Media's Role in the Fall of Diem".
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in 1964. Halberstam was killed in a car crash in 2007 while doing research for a book.
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Previously the Pulitzer Prize for Telegraphic Reporting – International from 1942–1947
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later stated that Halberstam was the only journalist in Nashville who would cover the
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that year. He is interviewed in the 1968 documentary film on the Vietnam War, titled
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in 1949 was because a few American officials and journalists had chosen to "betray"
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Weiser, Benjamin (January 16, 1981). "Slain Halberstam's Kin Attack Deal by Life",
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The Amateurs: The Story of Four Young Men and Their Quest for an Olympic Gold Medal
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Discussion at Fisk University with Halberstam and panelists who were profiled in
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engaged in a competition to see which columnist could most offend readers.
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claimed that Halberstam, along with fellow journalists Neil Sheehan and
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The Glory Game: How the 1958 NFL Championship Changed Football Forever
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Before going to South Vietnam, Higgins was briefed by Marine General,
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The Making of a Quagmire: America and Vietnam During the Kennedy Era
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The Making of a Quagmire: America and Vietnam during the Kennedy Era
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In the mid-1960s, Halberstam covered the Civil Rights Movement for
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article, "The Second Coming of Martin Luther King". While at the
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regime and believed that the only reason the Kuomintang lost the
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Halberstam left Vietnam in 1964, at age 30, and was awarded the
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in 1963, Halberstam and Neil Sheehan debunked the claim by the
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in October 2008 with an introduction dedicated to Halberstam.
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After publishing four books in the 1960s, including the novel
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with Nhu's secret police after they punched fellow journalist
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Summer of '49: The Yankees and the Red Sox in Postwar America
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After Halberstam's death, the book project was taken over by
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Halberstam died in a traffic collision on April 23, 2007, in
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Later in his career, Halberstam turned to sports, publishing
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about the lives of the men from Engine 40, Ladder 35 of the
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to replace Halberstam with a more compliant journalist. The
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Halberstam interviewed by Ben Bradlee on the influence of
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Halberstam tried to visit North Vietnam. Halberstam asked
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with an A.B. degree after serving as managing editor of
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Spring Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
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The Legacy: The Vietnam War in the American Imagination
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War in a Time of Peace: Bush, Clinton, and the Generals
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Playing for Keeps: Michael Jordan and the World He Made
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Playing for Keeps: Michael Jordan and the World He Made
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African American founding fathers of the United States
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Chicago Freedom Movement/Chicago open housing movement
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John F. Kennedy's speech to the nation on Civil Rights
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Halberstam's reporting led to a feud with journalists
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Spring 2003 Commencement Address at Tulane University
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American writer, journalist and historian (1934–2007)
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In the Vietnam conflict, Halberstam's reporting for
688:. In 1972 Halberstam went to work on his next book, 523:
for Foreign Reporting in 1963 for his reporting for
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Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley National Monument
1884:. The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved November 1, 2013-. 551: 8914:Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting winners 1804:— in progress at Halberstam's death; completed by 1747: 1725: 1412: 845:, on the baseball pennant race battle between the 682:'s foreign-policy decisions on the Vietnam War in 1903:"David Halberstam, 73, Reporter and Author, Dies" 8860: 3648:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) 2290:"Driver in Halberstam crash gets 5 days in jail" 2008: 1026:, was published posthumously in September 2007. 749:, in which he argued that, after the end of the 3638:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) 3571:Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights 3462:Green v. County School Board of New Kent County 1987:Walking with the Wind; A Memoir of the Movement 8889:American war correspondents of the Vietnam War 6514: 5117:Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument 2824:The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War 2615: 2262:"Author David Halberstam killed in Menlo Park" 1771:The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War 1023:The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War 673: 7103: 6500: 5723: 5311: 5025:List of lynching victims in the United States 3363:Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States 2875: 2745: 2241:Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher (March 15, 1998). 2240: 314:which Halberstam focused on in his 1998 book 276:Halberstam's journalism career began at the 3492:Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights 2677:American Writers: A Journey Through History 2663:interview with Halberstam, November 4, 2001 2204: 1578:. New York: William Morrow & Co. 1989. 951:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 795:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 590:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 359:American officer in South Vietnam, General 225: 7110: 7096: 6507: 6493: 5739:Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting 5730: 5716: 5318: 5304: 3541:Council for United Civil Rights Leadership 2882: 2868: 2752: 2738: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1118:. Please do not remove this message until 1064: 540:Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting 527:, including his eyewitness account of the 220:Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting 38: 8974:21st-century American non-fiction writers 5376:Arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem 5097:Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument 2353:. Boston, MA: Beacon Press. p. 134. 1728:The Teammates: A Portrait of a Friendship 1198:movie with a fated and formulaic climax. 1138:Learn how and when to remove this message 971:Learn how and when to remove this message 879:The Teammates: A Portrait of a Friendship 815:Learn how and when to remove this message 610:Learn how and when to remove this message 417:, loyal to Diệm's brother and strategist 386:. President John F. Kennedy tried to get 5132:King Center for Nonviolent Social Change 3172:University of Georgia desegregation riot 2640:, nytimes.com; accessed November 4, 2016 2574:, tulane.edu; accessed November 4, 2016. 2523: 2383:Australasian Journal of American Studies 2148: 2133: 2095: 2072: 2057: 2031: 1971: 1900: 1434:The Unfinished Odyssey of Robert Kennedy 1114:Relevant discussion may be found on the 993:The Unfinished Odyssey of Robert Kennedy 323: 9004:Historians of the civil rights movement 5046:Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence 4783:"If You Miss Me at the Back of the Bus" 4778:"Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me 'Round" 2638:Appreciations: Halberstam on Journalism 2444:"A Man of Sharp Angles and Firm Truths" 2346: 2185: 1887: 1870: 370:With the help of military sources like 8909:Elijah Parish Lovejoy Award recipients 8861: 4960:African-American women in the movement 3412:White House Conference on Civil Rights 3243:"Segregation now, segregation forever" 2595: 1926: 1020:. The last book Halberstam completed, 678:Halberstam next wrote about President 7091: 6488: 5711: 5299: 3401:Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections 2863: 2733: 2416: 2380: 2315: 1983: 254:in 1951. In 1955, he graduated from 210:, business, media, American culture, 5169:St. Augustine Foot Soldiers Monument 3633:Regional Council of Negro Leadership 3581:Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party 3527:Committee on Appeal for Human Rights 3004:Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company 2929:Murders of Harry and Harriette Moore 2759: 2668:"Writings of Halberstam and Sheehan" 2486: 2287: 2259: 2253: 2014: 1201: 1088: 1003:1959–1962 Nashville Student Movement 949:adding citations to reliable sources 916: 793:adding citations to reliable sources 760: 662:, he gathered material for his book 588:adding citations to reliable sources 555: 8984:Sportswriters from New York (state) 5325: 3576:Lowndes County Freedom Organization 3512:Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters 3182:Robert F. Kennedy's Law Day Address 1218:presented by Awards Council member 409:regular forces had perpetrated the 13: 8989:21st-century American male writers 8949:Road incident deaths in California 5351:Self-immolation of Thích Quảng Đức 5020:African-American churches attacked 3586:Montgomery Improvement Association 3561:Georgia Council on Human Relations 3546:Council of Federated Organizations 3517:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) 3275:16th Street Baptist Church bombing 3233:Meredith enrollment, Ole Miss riot 3039:1957 Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom 2943:McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents 2543: 1901:Haberman, Clyde (April 24, 2007). 1419:. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin. 1967. 1378:. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin. 1961. 1072:in the Acknowledgments section of 14: 9015: 8964:20th-century American journalists 8899:American male non-fiction writers 5366:1963 South Vietnamese coup d'état 5092:Birmingham Civil Rights Institute 4965:Jews in the civil rights movement 2644: 1053:in the 1958 game, and was titled 861:between the New York Yankees and 8994:Historians from New York (state) 8959:20th-century American historians 8929:People from Winsted, Connecticut 5826: 5819: 5286:Civil rights movement portal 5279: 5127:Freedom Riders National Monument 4869:The Kingdom of God Is Within You 3381:1965 Selma to Montgomery marches 3340:1964 Monson Motor Lodge protests 3227:Second Emancipation Proclamation 2581:is available for viewing at the 2559:Spring 2000 Commencement Address 2288:Coté, John (February 15, 2008). 2174:Self-immolation of Buddhist monk 2111:, Alfred A. Knopf, pp. 86-88< 1352: 1332: 1312: 1292: 1269: 1249: 1214:1994: Golden Plate Award of the 1093: 1049:, who had played for the losing 921: 765: 756: 560: 552:Civil Rights Movement and Poland 411:brutal raids on Buddhist temples 144: 5154:Mississippi Civil Rights Museum 5142:Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial 3618:National Council of Negro Women 3556:Deacons for Defense and Justice 2596:Shafer, Jack (April 24, 2007). 2471:American Academy of Achievement 2455: 2436: 2410: 2399:Gary Shapiro (April 30, 2007). 2393: 2374: 2340: 2318:"In Memory of David Halberstam" 2309: 2281: 2234: 2221: 2179: 2167: 2154: 2101: 2037: 1216:American Academy of Achievement 407:Army of the Republic of Vietnam 167: 140: 8894:The New York Times journalists 5341:Huế Phật Đản (Vesak) shootings 3034:Mansfield school desegregation 2618:"Postscript: David Halberstam" 2616:Packer, George (May 7, 2007). 2598:"David Halberstam (1934–2007)" 2526:Our Vietnam: The War 1954-1975 2501:10.1080/00947679.2017.12059168 2480: 1990:. Simon and Schuster. p.  1977: 1947:"Postscript: David Halberstam" 1939: 1927:Packer, George (May 7, 2007). 1920: 1867:; retrieved February 26, 2014. 1839: 1338:Discussion with Halberstam on 1318:Discussion with Halberstam on 912: 242:, where he was a classmate of 1: 8919:Historians of the Vietnam War 5164:National Voting Rights Museum 5107:Civil Rights Movement Archive 4906:Lynching in the United States 4793:"Keep Your Eyes on the Prize" 3248:Stand in the Schoolhouse Door 3221:University of Chicago sit-ins 2988:Davis v. Prince Edward County 2717:, nytimes.com, April 24, 2007 2711:, blastmagazine.com, May 2007 2555:, vanityfair.com, August 2007 2316:Nader, Ralph (June 2, 2007). 2260:Coté, John (April 23, 2007). 1945:George Packer (May 7, 2007). 1833: 1278:interview with Halberstam on 1255:Interview with Halberstam on 1228:for International Reporting, 1018:New York City Fire Department 531:of Vietnamese Buddhist monk, 334:dispatched Halberstam to the 90:Journalist, historian, writer 8463:Marianna De Marco Torgovnick 5159:National Civil Rights Museum 5015:March on Washington Movement 5000:Dexter Avenue Baptist Church 3469:Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co. 2452:; accessed November 4, 2016. 2442:Young, M. (April 26, 2007). 2417:Moyar, Mark (July 5, 2007). 2407:; accessed November 4, 2016. 1178:, helped to bring about the 1084: 1012:, Halberstam wrote the book 7: 8999:Historians from Connecticut 8979:American Book Award winners 8954:Jewish American journalists 8127:Mill Hunk Herald Collective 5893:William Randolph Hearst Jr. 4803:"This Little Light of Mine" 3551:Dallas County Voters League 3497:Atlanta Negro Voters League 3260:Letter from Birmingham Jail 2967:Brown v. Board of Education 2189:A Companion to the War Film 1811: 1120:conditions to do so are met 899:Elijah Parish Lovejoy Award 674:Foreign policy, media works 10: 9020: 8944:The Harvard Crimson people 8934:Writers from New York City 8924:Jewish American historians 8884:American political writers 8519:Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni 5137:Martin Luther King Jr. Day 5005:Holt Street Baptist Church 4975:16th Street Baptist Church 3959:Annie Bell Robinson Devine 3603:Nashville Student Movement 3533:An Appeal for Human Rights 2776:The Best and the Brightest 2564:September 7, 2008, at the 2198:10.1002/9781118337653.ch21 2107:Halberstam, David (1979), 1654:. Ballantine Books. 1998. 1634:. Ballantine Books. 1994. 1616:. Ballantine Books. 1993. 1534:. Ballantine Books. 1985. 1516:. Ballantine Books. 1981. 1474:. Ballantine Books. 1972. 1471:The Best and the Brightest 1360:The Best and the Brightest 1211:, Distinguished Journalism 1180:1963 South Vietnamese coup 685:The Best and the Brightest 353: 312:Nashville Student Movement 18: 8969:American male journalists 8879:American military writers 8734: 8676:Allison Adelle Hedge Coke 8668: 8587: 8496: 8411: 8335: 8251: 8152: 8054: 7955:Barbara Grizzuti Harrison 7942: 7851: 7758: 7668: 7598: 7496: 7403: 7365:Jessica Tarahata Hagedorn 7332: 7248: 7177: 7126: 6940: 6765: 6525: 6245: 6041: 5835: 5817: 5754: 5745: 5689: 5653: 5560: 5415: 5402:Krulak–Mendenhall mission 5384: 5333: 5275: 5177: 5079: 4893: 4826: 4768: 4747: 4634:Ruby Doris Smith-Robinson 4604:Modjeska Monteith Simkins 3676: 3668:Women's Political Council 3663:Wednesdays in Mississippi 3658:United Auto Workers (UAW) 3643:Southern Regional Council 3613:Northern Student Movement 3522:Committee for Freedom Now 3482: 3429:Memphis sanitation strike 3395:Voting Rights Act of 1965 3317: 3138:Savannah Protest Movement 3100: 2958: 2919:Journey of Reconciliation 2911: 2898: 2834: 2767: 2579:"Power In America (1986)" 2347:Schafer, Michael (1990). 1882:"International Reporting" 1496:. Alfred A. Knopf. 1979. 1351: 1331: 1311: 1291: 1268: 1248: 1243: 745:In 1991 Halberstam wrote 271: 206:, politics, history, the 186: 178: 117: 109: 94: 86: 69: 49: 37: 30: 7914:Josephine Gattuso Hendin 5697:Persecution of Buddhists 5356:Double Seven Day scuffle 3502:Atlanta Student Movement 3451:Civil Rights Act of 1968 3376:1964–1965 Scripto strike 3357:Civil Rights Act of 1964 3255:1963 Birmingham campaign 3148:Civil Rights Act of 1960 3072:Civil Rights Act of 1957 1828:Double Seven Day scuffle 1750:The Education of a Coach 1674:. Broadway Books. 1999. 1236: 1029: 989:The Making of a Quagmire 883:The Education of a Coach 519:Halberstam received the 226:Early life and education 7741:Septima Poinsette Clark 7731:Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum 6307:The Wall Street Journal 6229:The Wall Street Journal 6193:The Dallas Morning News 5407:McNamara–Taylor mission 5054:Voter Education Project 4808:"We Shall Not Be Moved" 4469:Adam Clayton Powell Jr. 3904:Josephine Dobbs Clement 3330:Chester school protests 3325:Twenty-fourth Amendment 3287:Detroit Walk to Freedom 3029:Tallahassee bus boycott 2950:Baton Rouge bus boycott 2524:Langguth, A.J. (2000). 2295:San Francisco Chronicle 2267:San Francisco Chronicle 1792:. HarperCollins. 2008. 1150:Pulitzer Prize-winning 1065:Mentor to other authors 901:as well as an honorary 869:, an ambitious book on 230:Halberstam was born in 8939:Harvard College alumni 7350:Evangelina Vigil-Piñón 6847:Philip Jones Griffiths 5267:Movement photographers 4509:Bernice Johnson Reagon 4229:Martin Luther King Sr. 4224:Martin Luther King Jr. 3794:William Holmes Borders 3566:Highlander Folk School 3456:Poor People's Campaign 3309:St. Augustine movement 3159:Gomillion v. Lightfoot 3082:Katz Drug Store sit-in 3053:Royal Ice Cream sit-in 3015:Montgomery bus boycott 2792:The Breaks of the Game 2528:. Simon and Schuster. 2419:"Halberstam's History" 1846:Academy of Achievement 1596:. Random House. 1991. 1513:The Breaks of the Game 1436:. Random House. 1968. 1340:War in a Time of Peace 1076:, his 2005 book about 1036:Menlo Park, California 839:Portland Trail Blazers 830:The Breaks of the Game 644:from New York City to 642:Martin Luther King Jr. 545:In the Year of the Pig 246:. Halberstam moved to 80:Menlo Park, California 8185:José Antonio Burciaga 8160:A'Lelia Perry Bundles 8132:Nora Marks Dauenhauer 7450:Mei-mei Berssenbrugge 7314:Ronald Phillip Tanaka 7154:Mei-mei Berssenbrugge 7067:Pierre Schoendoerffer 6361:Andrew R. C. Marshall 5887:Harrison E. Salisbury 5762:Laurence Edmund Allen 5477:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. 5102:Civil Rights Memorial 4990:Bethel Baptist Church 4639:Charles Kenzie Steele 4084:Audrey Faye Hendricks 3989:Myrlie Evers-Williams 3969:Patricia Stephens Due 3939:Abraham Lincoln Davis 3874:Colia Lafayette Clark 3628:Operation Breadbasket 3623:National Urban League 3370:Katzenbach v. McClung 3238:Atlanta's Berlin Wall 2891:Civil rights movement 2848:Michael J. Halberstam 1546:— about the sport of 1454:. McGraw-Hill. 1971. 1397:. McGraw-Hill. 1965. 1001:which chronicled the 730:Michael J. Halberstam 725:In 1980 his brother, 666:(which developed the 482:Victor "Brute" Krulak 336:Republic of the Congo 324:Republic of the Congo 290:Civil Rights Movement 252:Roosevelt High School 250:, and graduated from 208:Civil Rights Movement 191:Michael J. Halberstam 8762:E. Donald Two-Rivers 8635:Shirley Geok-lin Lim 8610:Guillermo Gómez-Peña 8297:Francisco X. Alarcón 8170:Benjamin Alire Sáenz 8038:Shirley Geok-lin Lim 7999:José Emilio González 7934:William Minoru Hohri 7904:J. California Cooper 7745:Cynthia Stokes Brown 7565:Robert Edward Duncan 7473:Ellen Lai-shan Yeung 7195:Bienvenido N. Santos 7119:American Book Awards 6817:David Douglas Duncan 6395:Andrew R.C. Marshall 5346:Hue chemical attacks 5147:other King memorials 5122:Freedom Rides Museum 5059:1960s counterculture 5010:Edmund Pettus Bridge 4689:Walter Francis White 4594:Alexander D. Shimkin 3108:New Year's Day March 3077:Ministers' Manifesto 2924:Executive Order 9981 2192:. pp. 356–370. 2046:A Bright Shining Lie 1984:Lewis, John (1998). 1558:. Avon Books. 1986. 1162:led many, including 1010:September 11 attacks 945:improve this section 887:New England Patriots 833:, an inside look at 789:improve this section 650:Berkeley, California 632:, on June 13, 1965. 584:improve this section 445:Magazine publisher 240:Winsted, Connecticut 157:Jean Sandness Butler 143: 1965; 8363:Janet Campbell Hale 8107:Karen Tei Yamashita 8019:Michelle T. Clinton 7859:Alma Luz Villanueva 7796:Jimmy Santiago Baca 7726:Juan Felipe Herrera 7465:Ruthanne Lum McCunn 7309:Lorna Dee Cervantes 7149:Leslie Marmon Silko 7121:winners (1980–1999) 6962:Charles Collingwood 6862:David Hume Kennerly 6155:Nicholas D. Kristof 6099:Karen Elliott House 6049:Sydney H. Schanberg 6034: (1975 shared) 6028: (1975 shared) 6002:Jimmie Lee Hoagland 5447:W. Averell Harriman 5361:Xá Lợi Pagoda raids 4885:Mary McLeod Bethune 4846:Sermon on the Mount 4813:"We Shall Overcome" 4394:William Lewis Moore 4174:Frank Minis Johnson 4149:Richie Jean Jackson 4104:Donald L. Hollowell 3909:Charles E. Cobb Jr. 3714:Gwendolyn Armstrong 3709:William G. Anderson 3689:Victoria Gray Adams 3653:The Freedom Singers 3507:Black Panther Party 3292:March on Washington 3205:Garner v. Louisiana 3166:Boynton v. Virginia 2698:Library of Congress 2467:www.achievement.org 2423:The National Review 2229:The Washington Post 2218:, December 8, 1980. 2210:Lyons, Richard D. 1362:, February 13, 2005 1322:, February 22, 1999 1209:Norman Mailer Prize 1107:of this section is 1008:In the wake of the 863:St. Louis Cardinals 719:The Washington Post 310:, organized by the 261:The Harvard Crimson 238:. He was raised in 21:David J. Halberstam 8824:Luís Alberto Urrea 8686:Brenda Marie Osbey 8373:Lawson Fusao Inada 8230:Verlyn Klinkenborg 8136:Richard Dauenhauer 8097:John Edgar Wideman 8046:Margarita Donnelly 7615:Gloria E. Anzaldúa 7518:Colleen J. McElroy 7513:John Kuo Wei Tchen 7488:William J. Kennedy 7483:Venkatesh Kulkarni 7430:Imamu Amiri Baraka 7299:Joyce Carol Thomas 6652:Marguerite Higgins 6612:Frances FitzGerald 6472:The New York Times 6459:The New York Times 6436:The New York Times 6384:The New York Times 6369:The New York Times 6322:The New York Times 6220:The New York Times 6139:Thomas L. Friedman 6089:Thomas L. Friedman 6061:Richard Ben Cramer 5915:The New York Times 5897:J. Kingsbury-Smith 5851:Marguerite Higgins 5676:Marguerite Higgins 5202:Michael Eric Dyson 5087:In popular culture 4970:Fifth Circuit Four 4954:Loving v. Virginia 4947:Hernandez v. Texas 4926:Buchanan v. Warley 4918:Separate but equal 4912:Plessy v. Ferguson 4875:Frederick Douglass 4709:Robert F. Williams 4619:Kelly Miller Smith 4599:Fred Shuttlesworth 4524:Frederick D. Reese 4504:George Raymond Jr. 4494:A. Philip Randolph 4474:Fay Bellamy Powell 4389:Queen Mother Moore 4274:Z. Alexander Looby 4219:Coretta Scott King 4164:Barbara Rose Johns 4144:Jimmie Lee Jackson 4069:William E. Harbour 3849:Stokely Carmichael 3764:Randolph Blackwell 3434:King assassination 3423:Loving v. Virginia 3407:March Against Fear 3387:How Long, Not Long 3265:Children's Crusade 3216:Cambridge movement 3153:Ax Handle Saturday 3118:Greensboro sit-ins 3045:Give Us the Ballot 2842:Elżbieta Czyżewska 2784:The Powers That Be 2489:Journalism History 2389:(1): 56–72, at 63. 2328:on October 7, 2012 2247:The New York Times 2243:"The Next Century" 2216:The New York Times 2162:The Powers That Be 2109:The Powers That Be 2060:, p. 218-219. 1929:"David Halberstam" 1907:The New York Times 1823:Harrison Salisbury 1774:. Hyperion. 2007. 1754:. Hyperion. 2005. 1732:. Hyperion. 2003. 1710:. Hachette. 2002. 1692:. Scribner. 2001. 1492:The Powers That Be 1160:The New York Times 691:The Powers That Be 637:The New York Times 630:Elżbieta Czyżewska 625:The New York Times 525:The New York Times 501:The Powers That Be 491:The New York Times 486:The New York Times 435:Marguerite Higgins 388:The New York Times 348:The New York Times 331:The New York Times 278:Daily Times Leader 129:Elżbieta Czyżewska 99:Harvard University 44:Halberstam in 2001 8856: 8855: 8625:Montserrat Fontes 8524:E.J. Miller Laino 8419:Abraham Rodriguez 8403:Virginia L. Kroll 8312:Leroy V. Quintana 8292:Eugene B. Redmond 8268:Christopher Mogil 8235:William B. Branch 8210:Peter Kalifornsky 8144:Thomas Centolella 8062:Alejandro Murguía 8009:Lloyd A. Thompson 7924:Shuntaro Tanikawa 7894:Henry Louis Gates 7829:Salvatore La Puma 7340:Barbara Christian 7294:Jerome Rothenberg 7276:Hilton Obenzinger 7240:Toni Cade Bambara 7085: 7084: 7077:Richard Threlkeld 6822:Charles Eggleston 6807:Charles Chellapah 6757:Perry Deane Young 6747:Richard Tregaskis 6737:Matthew V. Storin 6732:John Steinbeck IV 6727:Alexander Shimkin 6482: 6481: 6443:Megha Rajagopalan 6345:Jeffrey Gettleman 6253:Ian Denis Johnson 6175:Patrick J. Sloyan 6127:Katherine Ellison 6077:Shirley Christian 5956:Malcolm W. Browne 5869:John M. Hightower 5705: 5704: 5547:William Trueheart 5537:Maxwell D. Taylor 5527:Frederick Nolting 5517:Nguyễn Đình Thuận 5487:Joseph Mendenhall 5442:Michael Forrestal 5293: 5292: 5070:Eyes on the Prize 4985:A.G. Gaston Motel 4980:Kelly Ingram Park 4940:Sweatt v. Painter 4624:Mary Louise Smith 4584:Cleveland Sellers 4569:Michael Schwerner 4534:Gloria Richardson 4314:Thurgood Marshall 4234:Bernard Lafayette 3964:John Wesley Dobbs 3478: 3477: 3197:Birmingham attack 3177:Rock Hill sit-ins 3128:Sibley Commission 3123:Nashville sit-ins 2995:Gebhart v. Belton 2981:Briggs v. Elliott 2974:Bolling v. Sharpe 2935:Sweatt v. Painter 2857: 2856: 1799:978-0-06-154255-8 1781:978-1-4013-0052-4 1376:The Noblest Roman 1371: 1370: 1342:, October 7, 2001 1302:, March 26, 1998 1259:, October 1, 1987 1230:Malcolm W. Browne 1202:Awards and honors 1148: 1147: 1140: 985:The Noblest Roman 981: 980: 973: 867:Playing for Keeps 859:1964 World Series 841:basketball team; 825: 824: 817: 620: 619: 612: 521:George Polk Award 509:Mieczysław Maneli 459:Chinese Civil War 365:Frederick Nolting 338:to report on the 308:Nashville sit-ins 248:Yonkers, New York 216:sports journalism 197: 196: 9011: 8904:Baseball writers 8814:Josip Novakovich 8800:Gerald V. Mohatt 8791:James D. Houston 8781:Gioia Timpanelli 8767:Edwidge Danticat 8711:Nora Okja Keller 8701:John A. Williams 8655:William M. Banks 8574:Stephanie Cowell 8483:Gordon Henry Jr. 8393:Rose L. Glickman 8175:Donna J. Haraway 8140:R. Baxter Miller 8122:Meridel Le Sueur 8092:Jessica Hagedorn 8077:Charley Trujillo 8042:Mayumi Tsutakawa 8033:Paula Gunn Allen 7989:J. Raymond Jones 7980:James M. Freeman 7960:Daniela Gioseffi 7950:Adrienne Kennedy 7919:Leslie Scalapino 7781:David Halberstam 7701:Etheridge Knight 7645:Raymond Federman 7640:Natasha Borovsky 7606:Anna Lee Walters 7590:William Oandasan 7370:John A. Williams 7360:James D. Houston 7220:Peter Blue Cloud 7112: 7105: 7098: 7089: 7088: 6717:Sydney Schanberg 6642:David Halberstam 6577:Wilfred Burchett 6547:Elizabeth Becker 6509: 6502: 6495: 6486: 6485: 6413:Nariman El-Mofty 6335:Clifford J. Levy 5996:Seymour M. Hersh 5966:J. A. Livingston 5960:David Halberstam 5938:Lynn Heinzerling 5830: 5823: 5732: 5725: 5718: 5709: 5708: 5671:David Halberstam 5640:Trần Thiện Khiêm 5620:Nguyễn Văn Thiệu 5615:Nguyễn Văn Nhung 5472:Victor H. Krulak 5467:Thich Tinh Khiet 5392:Joint Communiqué 5320: 5313: 5306: 5297: 5296: 5284: 5283: 5247:Charles M. Payne 5232:Steven F. Lawson 5222:David Halberstam 5192:Clayborne Carson 4933:Hocutt v. Wilson 4880:W. E. B. Du Bois 4729:Sammy Younge Jr. 4714:Q. V. Williamson 4679:Wyatt Tee Walker 4544:Bernice Robinson 4489:Lincoln Ragsdale 4479:Rodney N. Powell 4374:Douglas E. Moore 4249:Sanford R. Leigh 4184:J. Charles Jones 4059:Fannie Lou Hamer 3974:Joseph Ellwanger 3934:Jonathan Daniels 3924:Claudette Colvin 3914:Annie Lee Cooper 3899:Kathleen Cleaver 3894:Eldridge Cleaver 3869:Shirley Chisholm 3759:Gloria Blackwell 3350:workers' murders 3297:"I Have a Dream" 3192:Anniston bombing 3143:Greenville Eight 3058:Little Rock Nine 3021:Browder v. Gayle 2909: 2908: 2884: 2877: 2870: 2861: 2860: 2761:David Halberstam 2754: 2747: 2740: 2731: 2730: 2721:David Halberstam 2694:David Halberstam 2685:David Halberstam 2634: 2632: 2630: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2583:Internet Archive 2551:The History Boys 2539: 2520: 2475: 2474: 2459: 2453: 2440: 2434: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2414: 2408: 2405:The New York Sun 2397: 2391: 2390: 2378: 2372: 2371: 2369: 2367: 2344: 2338: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2324:. Archived from 2313: 2307: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2285: 2279: 2278: 2276: 2274: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2238: 2232: 2225: 2219: 2208: 2202: 2201: 2183: 2177: 2171: 2165: 2158: 2152: 2146: 2137: 2131: 2112: 2105: 2099: 2093: 2076: 2070: 2061: 2055: 2049: 2041: 2035: 2029: 2018: 2012: 2006: 2005: 1981: 1975: 1969: 1956: 1943: 1937: 1936: 1924: 1918: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1898: 1885: 1879: 1868: 1866: 1864: 1862: 1857:on March 2, 2014 1853:. Archived from 1843: 1803: 1785: 1765: 1753: 1743: 1731: 1721: 1703: 1685: 1665: 1645: 1627: 1607: 1594:The Next Century 1589: 1569: 1545: 1527: 1507: 1485: 1465: 1447: 1428: 1418: 1415:One Very Hot Day 1408: 1387: 1356: 1355: 1336: 1335: 1316: 1315: 1296: 1295: 1273: 1272: 1253: 1252: 1241: 1240: 1143: 1136: 1132: 1129: 1123: 1097: 1096: 1089: 1074:Juicing the Game 976: 969: 965: 962: 956: 925: 917: 847:New York Yankees 837:and the 1979–80 820: 813: 809: 806: 800: 769: 761: 747:The Next Century 696:William S. Paley 615: 608: 604: 601: 595: 564: 556: 405:regime that the 384:Battle of Ap Bac 328:In August 1961 , 200:David Halberstam 171: 169: 148: 146: 142: 76: 59: 57: 42: 32:David Halberstam 28: 27: 9019: 9018: 9014: 9013: 9012: 9010: 9009: 9008: 8859: 8858: 8857: 8852: 8844:Chiori Santiago 8804:Ciulistet Group 8776:Meg McHutchison 8757:Chiori Santiago 8742:Alice McDermott 8730: 8681:Angela Y. Davis 8664: 8605:Dorothy Barresi 8583: 8579:William H. Gass 8567:Ron Sakolsky / 8534:James W. 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John Hughes 5975: 5969: 5963: 5953: 5947: 5941: 5935: 5929: 5926:Philip Santora 5919: 5910: 5904: 5890: 5884: 5878: 5872: 5866: 5839: 5837: 5833: 5832: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5813: 5810:Edmund Stevens 5807: 5801: 5795: 5789: 5783: 5780:Mark S. Watson 5777: 5774:Daniel De Luce 5771: 5765: 5758: 5756: 5752: 5751: 5746: 5743: 5742: 5735: 5734: 5727: 5720: 5712: 5703: 5702: 5700: 5699: 5693: 5691: 5687: 5686: 5684: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5666:Malcolm Browne 5663: 5657: 5655: 5651: 5650: 5648: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5635:Trần Kim Tuyến 5632: 5627: 5625:Phạm Ngọc Thảo 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5585:Dương Văn Minh 5582: 5577: 5572: 5566: 5564: 5558: 5557: 5555: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5423: 5421: 5413: 5412: 5410: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5388: 5386: 5382: 5381: 5379: 5378: 5373: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5337: 5335: 5331: 5330: 5323: 5322: 5315: 5308: 5300: 5291: 5290: 5276: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5269: 5264: 5262:Akinyele Umoja 5259: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5183: 5181: 5175: 5174: 5172: 5171: 5166: 5161: 5156: 5151: 5150: 5149: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5083: 5081: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5073: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5050: 5049: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4950: 4943: 4936: 4929: 4922: 4921: 4920: 4908: 4903: 4897: 4895: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4865: 4864: 4863: 4858: 4851:Mahatma Gandhi 4848: 4843: 4842: 4841: 4830: 4828: 4824: 4823: 4821: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4774: 4772: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4762: 4760:South Carolina 4757: 4751: 4749: 4745: 4744: 4742: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4699:Hosea Williams 4696: 4691: 4686: 4684:Hollis Watkins 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4616: 4614:A. Maceo Smith 4611: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4564:Bernie Sanders 4561: 4556: 4554:Angela Russell 4551: 4546: 4541: 4539:David Richmond 4536: 4531: 4529:Walter Reuther 4526: 4521: 4516: 4514:Cordell Reagon 4511: 4506: 4501: 4499:George Raymond 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4459:Charles Person 4456: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4429:Huey P. Newton 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4384:Harry T. Moore 4381: 4376: 4371: 4369:Cecil B. Moore 4366: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4349:James Meredith 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4179:Clarence Jones 4176: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4119:Zilphia Horton 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4089:Lola Hendricks 4086: 4081: 4079:Dorothy Height 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4051: 4049:Lawrence Guyot 4046: 4041: 4039:Jack Greenberg 4036: 4031: 4026: 4024:Andrew Goodman 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3949:Joseph DeLaine 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3919:Dorothy Cotton 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3891: 3886: 3881: 3876: 3871: 3866: 3864:J. L. Chestnut 3861: 3856: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3806: 3801: 3799:Amelia Boynton 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3719:Arnold Aronson 3716: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3680: 3678: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3670: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3635: 3630: 3625: 3620: 3615: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3599: 3598: 3588: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3538: 3537: 3536: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3494: 3488: 3486: 3480: 3479: 3476: 3475: 3473: 3472: 3465: 3458: 3453: 3448: 3447: 3446: 3441: 3431: 3426: 3419: 3414: 3409: 3404: 3397: 3392: 3391: 3390: 3378: 3373: 3366: 3359: 3354: 3353: 3352: 3345:Freedom Summer 3342: 3337: 3335:Bloody Tuesday 3332: 3327: 3321: 3319: 3315: 3314: 3312: 3311: 3306: 3305: 3304: 3299: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3278: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3252: 3251: 3250: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3201: 3200: 3199: 3194: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3162: 3155: 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2019: 2007: 2000: 1976: 1974:, p. 195. 1957: 1952:The New Yorker 1938: 1933:The New Yorker 1919: 1886: 1869: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1831: 1830: 1825: 1820: 1813: 1810: 1809: 1808: 1798: 1786: 1780: 1766: 1760: 1744: 1738: 1722: 1716: 1704: 1698: 1686: 1680: 1666: 1660: 1646: 1640: 1628: 1622: 1608: 1602: 1590: 1584: 1570: 1564: 1550: 1540: 1528: 1522: 1508: 1502: 1486: 1480: 1466: 1460: 1448: 1442: 1430: 1409: 1403: 1389: 1369: 1368: 1349: 1348: 1329: 1328: 1309: 1308: 1289: 1288: 1266: 1265: 1246: 1245: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1233: 1232:and Halberstam 1226:Pulitzer Prize 1222: 1212: 1203: 1200: 1188:opinion editor 1176:Stanley Karnow 1146: 1145: 1101: 1099: 1092: 1086: 1083: 1066: 1063: 1055:The Glory Game 1031: 1028: 979: 978: 929: 927: 920: 914: 911: 903:Doctor of Laws 891:Bill Belichick 871:Michael Jordan 851:Boston Red Sox 823: 822: 773: 771: 764: 758: 755: 712:magazine, and 675: 672: 618: 617: 568: 566: 559: 553: 550: 467:Theodore White 415:Special Forces 372:John Paul Vann 355: 352: 325: 322: 295:The Tennessean 273: 270: 227: 224: 195: 194: 188: 184: 183: 180: 176: 175: 163: 159: 156: 155: 154: 153: 136: 132: 127: 126: 125: 124: 121: 119: 115: 114: 111: 107: 106: 96: 92: 91: 88: 84: 83: 77:(aged 73) 73:April 23, 2007 71: 67: 66: 60:April 10, 1934 51: 47: 46: 43: 35: 34: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9016: 9005: 9002: 9000: 8997: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8866: 8864: 8849: 8845: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8835: 8832: 8830: 8829:Nelson George 8827: 8825: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8815: 8812: 8810: 8807: 8805: 8801: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8786:Gloria Naylor 8784: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8765: 8763: 8760: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8745: 8743: 8740: 8739: 8737: 8733: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8721:Scott DeVeaux 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8673: 8671: 8667: 8661: 8660:Brenda Knight 8658: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8646: 8645:Thulani Davis 8643: 8641: 8640:Sunaina Maira 8638: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8630:Noel Ignatiev 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8620:Martín Espada 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8592: 8590: 8586: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8572: 8570: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8522: 8520: 8517: 8515: 8514:Chang-Rae Lee 8512: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8504:Agate Nesaule 8502: 8501: 8499: 8495: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8453:Linda Raymond 8451: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8434: 8433:Denise Chavez 8431: 8429: 8425: 8422: 8420: 8417: 8416: 8414: 8410: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8388:Ronald Takaki 8386: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8340: 8338: 8334: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8322:Nelson George 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8272:Peter Woodrow 8269: 8266: 8264: 8260: 8257: 8256: 8254: 8250: 8244: 8243:August Wilson 8240: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8195:Lucy Thompson 8193: 8191: 8190:Keith Gilyard 8188: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8180:Fritjof Capra 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8157: 8155: 8151: 8145: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8117:Mary Crow Dog 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8059: 8057: 8053: 8047: 8043: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8023:Sesshu Foster 8020: 8017: 8015: 8014:Martin Bernal 8012: 8010: 8007: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7997: 7995: 7992: 7990: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7975:Itabari Njeri 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7947: 7945: 7941: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7879:Emory Elliott 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7856: 7854: 7850: 7844: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7834:Toni Morrison 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7819:Benjamin Hoff 7817: 7815: 7814:Marlon K. Hom 7812: 7810: 7806: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7784: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7771:Charles Olson 7769: 7767: 7764: 7763: 7761: 7757: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7667: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7655:Terence Winch 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7625:Jeff Hannusch 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7597: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7580:Sonia Sanchez 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7542: 7538: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7510: 7509:Arnold Genthe 7507: 7505: 7502: 7501: 7499: 7495: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7470: 7469:You-shan Tang 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7445:Maurice Kenny 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7408: 7406: 7402: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7345:Cecilia Liang 7343: 7341: 7338: 7337: 7335: 7331: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7319:Russell Banks 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7286: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7253: 7251: 7247: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7230:Rose Drachler 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7182: 7180: 7176: 7170: 7169:Rudolfo Anaya 7167: 7165: 7164:Quincy Troupe 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7134:Douglas Woolf 7132: 7131: 7129: 7125: 7120: 7113: 7108: 7106: 7101: 7099: 7094: 7093: 7090: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7063: 7060: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7052:Clete Roberts 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7017:John Laurence 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6997:Douglas Kiker 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6977:Jeff Gralnick 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6949: 6947: 6945: 6939: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6842:Barbara Gluck 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6787:Larry Burrows 6785: 6783: 6782:David Burnett 6780: 6778: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6770: 6764: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6698: 6697:Robert Reguly 6695: 6693: 6692:Gareth Porter 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6662:Takeshi Kaikō 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6557:Michael Birch 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6534: 6532: 6530: 6524: 6520: 6517: 6510: 6505: 6503: 6498: 6496: 6491: 6490: 6487: 6474: 6473: 6468: 6465: 6461: 6460: 6455: 6452: 6448: 6444: 6441: 6438: 6437: 6432: 6429: 6425: 6421: 6417: 6414: 6410: 6409:Maad al-Zikry 6406: 6403: 6400: 6399:Manuel Mogato 6396: 6392: 6391:Clare Baldwin 6389: 6386: 6385: 6380: 6377: 6374: 6371: 6370: 6365: 6362: 6358: 6355: 6352: 6351:David Barboza 6349: 6346: 6343: 6340: 6336: 6333: 6330: 6327: 6324: 6323: 6318: 6315: 6314:Steve Fainaru 6312: 6309: 6308: 6303: 6300: 6296: 6293: 6290: 6286: 6283: 6280: 6277: 6274: 6270: 6267: 6264: 6261: 6258: 6254: 6251: 6250: 6248: 6244: 6237: 6234: 6231: 6230: 6225: 6222: 6221: 6216: 6213: 6212:John F. Burns 6210: 6207: 6204: 6201: 6198: 6195: 6194: 6189: 6186: 6182: 6181:John F. Burns 6179: 6176: 6173: 6170: 6166: 6165:Caryle Murphy 6163: 6160: 6159:Sheryl WuDunn 6156: 6153: 6150: 6149:Glenn Frankel 6146: 6143: 6140: 6137: 6134: 6133:Michael Parks 6131: 6128: 6124: 6120: 6117: 6114: 6110: 6106: 6103: 6100: 6097: 6094: 6093:Loren Jenkins 6090: 6087: 6084: 6081: 6078: 6075: 6072: 6068: 6067:Joel Brinkley 6065: 6062: 6059: 6056: 6053: 6050: 6047: 6046: 6044: 6040: 6033: 6030: 6027: 6024: 6021: 6020:Hedrick Smith 6018: 6015: 6012: 6009: 6008:Peter R. Kann 6006: 6003: 6000: 5997: 5994: 5991: 5990:William Tuohy 5988: 5985: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5973: 5970: 5967: 5964: 5961: 5957: 5954: 5951: 5948: 5945: 5942: 5939: 5936: 5933: 5930: 5927: 5923: 5922:Joseph Martin 5920: 5917: 5916: 5911: 5908: 5907:Russell Jones 5905: 5902: 5901:Frank Conniff 5898: 5894: 5891: 5888: 5885: 5882: 5879: 5876: 5873: 5870: 5867: 5864: 5863:Don Whitehead 5860: 5856: 5852: 5848: 5844: 5841: 5840: 5838: 5834: 5829: 5822: 5811: 5808: 5805: 5802: 5799: 5796: 5793: 5790: 5787: 5784: 5781: 5778: 5775: 5772: 5769: 5766: 5763: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5753: 5749: 5744: 5740: 5733: 5728: 5726: 5721: 5719: 5714: 5713: 5710: 5698: 5695: 5694: 5692: 5688: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5658: 5656: 5652: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5630:Tôn Thất Đính 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5605:Nguyễn Hữu Có 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5595:Lê Quang Tung 5593: 5591: 5590:Huỳnh Văn Cao 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5570:Lucien Conein 5568: 5567: 5565: 5559: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5507:Ngô Đình Thục 5505: 5503: 5502:Ngô Đình Nhu 5500: 5498: 5497:Ngô Đình Diệm 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5452:Roger Hilsman 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5427:Bui Van Luong 5425: 5424: 5422: 5414: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5389: 5387: 5383: 5377: 5374: 5371: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5338: 5336: 5332: 5328: 5321: 5316: 5314: 5309: 5307: 5302: 5301: 5298: 5288: 5287: 5282: 5274: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5257:Timothy Tyson 5255: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5187:Taylor Branch 5185: 5184: 5182: 5176: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5162: 5160: 5157: 5155: 5152: 5148: 5145: 5144: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5084: 5082: 5078: 5072: 5071: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5047: 5043: 5042: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5035:Freedom songs 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4955: 4951: 4949: 4948: 4944: 4942: 4941: 4937: 4935: 4934: 4930: 4928: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4916: 4915: 4914: 4913: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4901:Jim Crow laws 4899: 4898: 4896: 4892: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4853: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4840: 4837: 4836: 4835: 4832: 4831: 4829: 4825: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4798:"Oh, Freedom" 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4775: 4773: 4767: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4746: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4724:Whitney Young 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4704:Kale Williams 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4664:Albert Turner 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4654:A. P. Tureaud 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4559:Bayard Rustin 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4409:William Moyer 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4344:Joseph McNeil 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4329:Charles McDew 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4319:Benjamin Mays 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4304:Vivian Malone 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4279:Joseph Lowery 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4204:Clyde Kennard 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4194:Vernon Jordan 4192: 4190: 4189:Matthew Jones 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4154:T. J. Jemison 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4139:Jesse Jackson 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4029:Robert Graetz 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4019:Golden Frinks 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3979:Charles Evers 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3929:Vernon Dahmer 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3890: 3887: 3885: 3884:Septima Clark 3882: 3880: 3877: 3875: 3872: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3804:Bruce Boynton 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3729:James Baldwin 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3699:Mathew Ahmann 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3675: 3669: 3666: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3597: 3596:Youth Council 3594: 3593: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3535: 3534: 3530: 3529: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3489: 3487: 3481: 3471: 3470: 3466: 3464: 3463: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3452: 3449: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3436: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3424: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3403: 3402: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3383: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3371: 3367: 3365: 3364: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3351: 3348: 3347: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3322: 3320: 3316: 3310: 3307: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3294: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3257: 3256: 3253: 3249: 3246: 3245: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3189: 3188: 3187:Freedom Rides 3185: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3167: 3163: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3105: 3103: 3099: 3093: 3090: 3088: 3085: 3083: 3080: 3078: 3075: 3073: 3070: 3066: 3065: 3061: 3060: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3046: 3042: 3041: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3023: 3022: 3018: 3017: 3016: 3013: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2996: 2992: 2990: 2989: 2985: 2983: 2982: 2978: 2976: 2975: 2971: 2970: 2969: 2968: 2964: 2963: 2961: 2957: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2944: 2940: 2937: 2936: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2912:Prior to 1954 2910: 2907: 2904: 2897: 2892: 2885: 2880: 2878: 2873: 2871: 2866: 2865: 2862: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2840: 2839: 2837: 2833: 2826: 2825: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2813: 2810: 2809: 2805: 2802: 2801: 2800:The Reckoning 2797: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2786: 2785: 2781: 2778: 2777: 2773: 2772: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2755: 2750: 2748: 2743: 2741: 2736: 2735: 2732: 2726: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2678: 2673: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2658: 2657: 2656: 2652: 2649: 2648: 2639: 2636: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2603: 2599: 2594: 2592: 2591: 2586: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2548: 2547: 2537: 2535:0-7432-1231-2 2531: 2527: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2485: 2484: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2458: 2451: 2450: 2449:Reason Online 2445: 2439: 2424: 2420: 2413: 2406: 2402: 2396: 2388: 2384: 2377: 2362: 2360:0-8070-5400-3 2356: 2352: 2351: 2343: 2327: 2323: 2322:Common Dreams 2319: 2312: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2284: 2269: 2268: 2263: 2256: 2248: 2244: 2237: 2230: 2224: 2217: 2213: 2207: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2190: 2182: 2175: 2170: 2163: 2157: 2150: 2149:Langguth 2000 2145: 2143: 2135: 2134:Langguth 2000 2130: 2128: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2110: 2104: 2097: 2096:Langguth 2000 2092: 2090: 2088: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2074: 2073:Langguth 2000 2069: 2067: 2059: 2058:Langguth 2000 2054: 2048: 2047: 2040: 2033: 2032:Langguth 2000 2028: 2026: 2024: 2016: 2011: 2003: 2001:9780684810652 1997: 1993: 1989: 1988: 1980: 1973: 1972:Langguth 2000 1968: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1954: 1953: 1948: 1942: 1934: 1930: 1923: 1908: 1904: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1891: 1883: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1856: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1838: 1829: 1826: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1816: 1815: 1807: 1806:Frank Gifford 1801: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1777: 1773: 1772: 1767: 1763: 1761:1-4013-0879-1 1757: 1752: 1751: 1745: 1741: 1739:0-7868-8867-9 1735: 1730: 1729: 1723: 1719: 1717:0-7868-8851-2 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1699:0-7432-2323-3 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1681:0-7679-0444-3 1677: 1673: 1672: 1667: 1663: 1661:0-449-00439-2 1657: 1653: 1652: 1647: 1643: 1641:0-449-98367-6 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1623:0-449-90933-6 1619: 1615: 1614: 1609: 1605: 1603:0-517-09882-2 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1585:0-6880-6678-X 1581: 1577: 1576: 1571: 1567: 1565:0-380-72147-3 1561: 1557: 1556: 1555:The Reckoning 1551: 1549: 1543: 1541:0-449-91003-2 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1523:0-345-29625-7 1519: 1515: 1514: 1509: 1505: 1503:0-252-06941-2 1499: 1495: 1494: 1493: 1487: 1483: 1481:0-449-90870-4 1477: 1473: 1472: 1467: 1463: 1461:0-07-554223-4 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1443:0-394-45025-6 1439: 1435: 1431: 1426: 1422: 1417: 1416: 1410: 1406: 1404:0-07-555092-X 1400: 1396: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1372: 1367: 1363: 1361: 1350: 1347: 1343: 1341: 1330: 1327: 1323: 1321: 1310: 1307: 1303: 1301: 1290: 1287: 1283: 1281: 1277: 1267: 1264: 1260: 1258: 1257:The Reckoning 1247: 1242: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1210: 1206: 1205: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1184: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1168: 1165: 1161: 1156: 1153: 1142: 1139: 1131: 1128:February 2014 1121: 1117: 1111: 1110: 1106: 1100: 1091: 1090: 1082: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1070:Howard Bryant 1062: 1060: 1059:HarperCollins 1056: 1052: 1048: 1047:Frank Gifford 1043: 1041: 1037: 1027: 1025: 1024: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1006: 1004: 1000: 999: 994: 990: 986: 975: 972: 964: 961:November 2016 954: 950: 946: 940: 939: 935: 930:This section 928: 924: 919: 918: 910: 908: 907:Colby College 904: 900: 894: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 848: 844: 843:Summer of '49 840: 836: 832: 831: 819: 816: 808: 805:November 2016 798: 794: 790: 784: 783: 779: 774:This section 772: 768: 763: 762: 757:Sportswriting 754: 752: 748: 743: 741: 737: 736: 731: 728: 723: 721: 720: 715: 711: 710: 705: 701: 697: 693: 692: 687: 686: 681: 671: 669: 665: 661: 657: 656: 651: 647: 643: 638: 633: 631: 627: 626: 614: 611: 603: 600:November 2016 593: 589: 585: 579: 578: 574: 569:This section 567: 563: 558: 557: 549: 547: 546: 541: 536: 534: 530: 526: 522: 517: 514: 513:Phạm Văn Đồng 510: 505: 503: 502: 495: 492: 487: 483: 478: 476: 475:loss of China 470: 468: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 431: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 404: 400: 395: 393: 389: 385: 382:known as the 381: 377: 373: 368: 366: 362: 351: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 332: 321: 319: 318: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 296: 291: 287: 283: 279: 269: 267: 263: 262: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 232:New York City 223: 221: 217: 214:, and later, 213: 209: 205: 201: 192: 189: 185: 181: 177: 152: 151: 130: 123: 122: 120: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 72: 68: 64: 63:New York City 52: 48: 41: 36: 29: 26: 22: 8848:Judith Lowry 8834:Speer Morgan 8819:Lauro Flores 8772:Judith Roche 8726:Thomas Lynch 8706:Nancy Rawles 8650:Tom De Haven 8600:Derrick Bell 8478:Sandra Martz 8458:Li-Young Lee 8448:Thomas Avena 8438:John Egerton 8348:Eric Drooker 8302:Gerald Graff 8287:Diane Glancy 8263:Belvie Rooks 8259:Asake Bomani 8239:Amiri Baraka 8112:Lucia Berlin 8082:D. H. Melhem 8072:Bruce Wright 7970:Hualing Nieh 7839:Wing Tek Lum 7809:Egyirba High 7780: 7736:Michael Mayo 7721:John Wieners 7711:Harvey Pekar 7706:Gary Giddins 7681:Ana Castillo 7555:Maureen Owen 7395:Seán Ó Tuama 7324:Tato Laviera 7281:Him Mark Lai 7261:Duane Niatum 7225:Robert Kelly 7144:Jayne Cortez 7057:Morley Safer 7022:George Lewis 6987:Bernard Kalb 6982:Max Hastings 6922:Neal Ulevich 6902:Dick Swanson 6892:Toshio Sakai 6872:Don McCullin 6797:Gilles Caron 6722:Neil Sheehan 6707:Murray Sayle 6647:Michael Herr 6641: 6607:James Fenton 6602:Bernard Fall 6572:Denis Warner 6552:Homer Bigart 6542:Peter Arnett 6470: 6457: 6434: 6401: (2018) 6387: (2017) 6382: 6378: (2016) 6372: (2015) 6367: 6363: (2014) 6353: (2013) 6347: (2012) 6341: (2011) 6331: (2010) 6325: (2009) 6320: 6316: (2008) 6310: (2007) 6305: 6301: (2006) 6291: (2005) 6289:Dele Olojede 6281: (2004) 6275: (2003) 6265: (2002) 6263:Barry Bearak 6259: (2001) 6257:Paul Salopek 6238: (2000) 6236:Mark Schoofs 6232: (1999) 6227: 6223: (1998) 6218: 6214: (1997) 6208: (1996) 6202: (1995) 6196: (1994) 6191: 6187: (1993) 6177: (1992) 6171: (1991) 6161: (1990) 6151: (1989) 6141: (1988) 6135: (1987) 6129: (1986) 6115: (1985) 6101: (1984) 6095: (1983) 6085: (1982) 6083:John Darnton 6079: (1981) 6073: (1980) 6063: (1979) 6057: (1978) 6051: (1976) 6022: (1974) 6016: (1973) 6010: (1972) 6004: (1971) 5998: (1970) 5992: (1969) 5986: (1968) 5980: (1967) 5974: (1966) 5972:Peter Arnett 5968: (1965) 5962: (1964) 5959: 5952: (1963) 5946: (1962) 5940: (1961) 5934: (1960) 5928: (1959) 5918: (1958) 5913: 5909: (1957) 5903: (1956) 5889: (1955) 5883: (1954) 5881:Jim G. Lucas 5877: (1953) 5871: (1952) 5865: (1951) 5855:Relman Morin 5847:Homer Bigart 5812: (1950) 5806: (1949) 5800: (1948) 5798:Paul W. Ward 5794: (1947) 5792:Eddy Gilmore 5788: (1946) 5786:Homer Bigart 5782: (1945) 5776: (1944) 5770: (1943) 5764: (1942) 5747: 5681:Neil Sheehan 5670: 5661:Peter Arnett 5645:Trần Văn Đôn 5610:Nguyễn Khánh 5492:Ngô Đình Cẩn 5416:Political or 5277: 5221: 5217:David Garrow 5197:John Dittmer 5068: 4995:Brown Chapel 4952: 4945: 4938: 4931: 4924: 4910: 4867: 4719:Andrew Young 4674:A. T. Walden 4669:C. T. Vivian 4629:Maxine Smith 4464:Homer Plessy 4444:James Orange 4399:Irene Morgan 4354:William Ming 4334:Ralph McGill 4269:Viola Liuzzo 4254:Jim Letherer 4239:James Lawson 4169:Vernon Johns 4159:Esau Jenkins 4114:Myles Horton 4064:Fred Hampton 4054:Prathia Hall 4044:Dick Gregory 4014:Marie Foster 4009:James Forman 3999:James Farmer 3984:Medgar Evers 3944:Angela Davis 3879:Ramsey Clark 3859:James Chaney 3854:Johnnie Carr 3834:Ralph Bunche 3829:H. Rap Brown 3819:Ruby Bridges 3779:Joanne Bland 3754:Claude Black 3734:Marion Barry 3704:Muhammad Ali 3531: 3467: 3460: 3421: 3399: 3368: 3361: 3203: 3164: 3157: 3087:Kissing Case 3062: 3019: 3002: 2993: 2986: 2979: 2972: 2965: 2941: 2933: 2844:(first wife) 2822: 2816:The Children 2814: 2806: 2799: 2790: 2782: 2774: 2760: 2725:Find a Grave 2675: 2660: 2627:. Retrieved 2621: 2605:. Retrieved 2601: 2589: 2577:A film clip 2550: 2525: 2495:(2): 75–85. 2492: 2488: 2466: 2457: 2447: 2438: 2426:. Retrieved 2422: 2412: 2404: 2395: 2386: 2382: 2376: 2364:. Retrieved 2349: 2342: 2330:. Retrieved 2326:the original 2321: 2311: 2301:November 17, 2299:. Retrieved 2293: 2283: 2271:. Retrieved 2265: 2255: 2246: 2236: 2228: 2223: 2215: 2211: 2206: 2188: 2181: 2169: 2161: 2160:Halberstam, 2156: 2108: 2103: 2053: 2044: 2039: 2017:, p. 1. 2010: 1986: 1979: 1950: 1941: 1932: 1922: 1910:. Retrieved 1906: 1859:. Retrieved 1855:the original 1841: 1789: 1769: 1749: 1727: 1707: 1689: 1670: 1651:The Children 1649: 1632:October 1964 1631: 1611: 1593: 1574: 1553: 1531: 1511: 1491: 1489: 1469: 1451: 1433: 1414: 1393: 1375: 1359: 1339: 1319: 1300:The Children 1299: 1279: 1275: 1256: 1220:Neil Sheehan 1185: 1169: 1163: 1159: 1157: 1149: 1134: 1125: 1103: 1073: 1068: 1054: 1044: 1040:Y. A. Tittle 1033: 1021: 1013: 1007: 998:The Children 996: 992: 988: 984: 982: 967: 958: 943:Please help 931: 905:degree from 895: 882: 878: 866: 855:October 1964 854: 842: 828: 826: 811: 802: 787:Please help 775: 746: 744: 739: 733: 727:cardiologist 724: 717: 707: 689: 683: 677: 663: 659: 653: 648:and then to 636: 634: 623: 621: 606: 597: 582:Please help 570: 543: 537: 524: 518: 506: 500: 496: 490: 485: 479: 471: 442: 439:Joseph Alsop 432: 427:Peter Arnett 396: 391: 387: 376:Neil Sheehan 369: 357: 347: 340:Congo Crisis 329: 327: 317:The Children 315: 293: 277: 275: 265: 259: 229: 199: 198: 75:(2007-04-23) 25: 8874:2007 deaths 8869:1934 births 8796:Jerry Lipka 8747:Anna Linzer 8691:Don DeLillo 8615:Louis Owens 8548:Kimiko Hahn 8543:Edward Said 8488:Tricia Rose 8473:Peter Quinn 8383:Paul Gilroy 8368:Jill Nelson 8307:Jack Beatty 8277:Cornel West 8205:Peter Bacho 8200:Norma Field 8028:Miles Davis 7994:John Norton 7874:Carolyn Lau 7869:Audre Lorde 7843:Tek Lum Lum 7776:Daisy Bates 7716:James Welch 7660:Toshio Mori 7630:Linda Hogan 7541:Sojin Takei 7528:Peter Irons 7435:Jesús Colón 7425:Mark Podwal 7416:Gary Snyder 7411:Cecil Brown 7139:Edward Dorn 7037:Bill Plante 7007:Steve Kroft 7002:Jim Kincaid 6952:Martin Bell 6944:journalists 6932:Nik Wheeler 6792:Robert Capa 6777:Eddie Adams 6769:journalists 6687:John Pilger 6682:Steve Kroft 6677:Donald Kirk 6617:Sylvana Foa 6537:R. W. Apple 6529:journalists 6516:Vietnam War 6428:Kyaw Soe Oo 6339:Ellen Barry 6299:Jim Yardley 6295:Joseph Kahn 6273:Mary Jordan 6206:David Rohde 6145:Bill Keller 6109:Dennis Bell 6032:Ovie Carter 6014:Max Frankel 5950:Hal Hendrix 5859:Fred Sparks 5843:Keyes Beech 5768:Ira Wolfert 5654:Journalists 5237:Doug McAdam 5207:Chuck Fager 4834:Nonviolence 4739:James Zwerg 4734:Bob Zellner 4694:Roy Wilkins 4644:Hank Thomas 4579:Pete Seeger 4574:Bobby Seale 4439:Jack O'Dell 4434:Edgar Nixon 4364:Amzie Moore 4359:Jack Minnis 4299:Mae Mallory 4284:Clara Luper 4244:Bernard Lee 4134:Cecil Ivory 4129:Ruby Hurley 4099:Oliver Hill 4094:Aaron Henry 3994:Chuck Fager 3954:Dave Dennis 3844:Guy Carawan 3784:Julian Bond 3749:James Bevel 3739:Daisy Bates 3010:Emmett Till 2893:(1954–1968) 2808:The Fifties 2651:Appearances 2481:Works cited 2332:November 5, 1912:November 5, 1613:The Fifties 1280:The Fifties 913:Later years 889:head coach 835:Bill Walton 714:Phil Graham 451:China Lobby 397:During the 380:Vietnam War 344:Vietnam War 286:Mississippi 244:Ralph Nader 218:. He won a 204:Vietnam War 113:Non-fiction 8863:Categories 8809:Trey Ellis 8752:Brian Ward 8696:Jim Barnes 8509:Arthur Sze 8067:bell hooks 8004:Sergei Kan 7889:Frank Chin 7650:Susan Howe 7560:May Sarton 7545:Muin Ozaki 7533:Keiho Soga 7455:Miné Okubo 7380:Judy Grahn 7375:Joy Kogawa 7271:Frank Chin 7266:E. L. Mayo 7235:Susan Howe 7200:Helen Adam 7042:Dan Rather 7027:Ike Pappas 6957:Ed Bradley 6907:Dana Stone 6887:Al Rockoff 6857:Henri Huet 6832:Sean Flynn 6827:Horst Faas 6812:Neil Davis 6667:Peter Kann 6464:Azmat Khan 6462:including 6422:including 6357:Jason Szep 6285:Kim Murphy 6200:Mark Fritz 6185:Roy Gutman 6123:Pete Carey 6071:Jay Mather 6055:Henry Kamm 5600:Lê Văn Kim 5575:Đỗ Cao Trí 5552:Vũ Văn Mẫu 5522:Madame Nhu 5180:historians 4861:Satyagraha 4827:Influences 4519:James Reeb 4454:James Peck 4449:Rosa Parks 4419:Diane Nash 4289:Danny Lyon 4264:John Lewis 4209:A. D. King 4109:James Hood 3724:Ella Baker 3694:Zev Aelony 2428:August 26, 2366:August 26, 1848:biography 1834:References 1425:B000HFUAT4 1192:human will 1186:Newspaper 1172:Mark Moyar 1170:Historian 1152:Korean War 1105:neutrality 704:Henry Luce 455:Kuomintang 447:Henry Luce 304:John Lewis 282:West Point 212:Korean War 87:Occupation 56:1934-04-10 8839:Gary Gach 8539:Joe Sacco 8443:John Ross 8424:Herb Boyd 8102:Joy Harjo 7686:Cyn Zarco 7570:Ron Jones 7523:Gary Soto 7289:Judy Yung 7285:Genny Lim 7072:Bob Simon 6942:Broadcast 6752:Kate Webb 6742:Jon Swain 6702:John Sack 6657:Ward Just 6469:Staff of 6456:Staff of 6433:Staff of 6418:Staff of 6381:Staff of 6366:Staff of 6319:Staff of 6304:Staff of 6246:2001–2025 6226:Staff of 6217:Staff of 6190:Staff of 6042:1976–2000 5912:Staff of 5836:1951–1975 5804:Price Day 5755:1942–1950 5418:religious 5397:Cable 243 4839:Padayatra 4788:"Kumbaya" 4748:By region 4404:Bob Moses 4309:Bob Mants 4294:Malcolm X 4214:C.B. King 4034:Fred Gray 3677:Activists 3318:1964–1968 3101:1960–1963 2959:1954–1959 2850:(brother) 2629:April 30, 2607:April 26, 2517:150008826 2509:0094-7679 2273:April 23, 2015:Seyb 2017 1708:Firehouse 1276:Booknotes 1196:Hollywood 1116:talk page 1085:Criticism 1014:Firehouse 932:does not 857:, on the 776:does not 646:Cleveland 571:does not 394:refused. 300:Nashville 193:(brother) 187:Relatives 95:Education 8595:Alurista 7256:Al Young 6882:Tim Page 5561:Military 5370:reaction 4769:Movement 4199:Tom Kahn 3483:Activist 2903:timeline 2715:Obituary 2709:Obituary 2703:Obituary 2661:In Depth 2562:Archived 2231:, p. 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Index

David J. Halberstam
Halberstam in 2001
New York City
Menlo Park, California
Harvard University
AB
Elżbieta Czyżewska
Michael J. Halberstam
Vietnam War
Civil Rights Movement
Korean War
sports journalism
Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting
New York City
Jewish
Winsted, Connecticut
Ralph Nader
Yonkers, New York
Roosevelt High School
Harvard College
The Harvard Crimson
West Point
Mississippi
Civil Rights Movement
The Tennessean
Nashville
John Lewis
Nashville sit-ins
Nashville Student Movement
The Children

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