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were found significant hypertrophy of the left ventricle (of the heart), numerous hemorrhages in the myocardium, in the stomach and intestinal mucosa; atherosclerotic changes in the vessels, more prominent in the cerebral arteries. These are the result of hypertension. The results of the pathologic examination revealed the irreversible character of J.V. Stalin's disease from the moment of brain hemorrhage. Therefore, all treatment attempts could not have led to a favorable outcome and prevent a fatal end."
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1114:
997:. Reforms to the Soviet system were immediately implemented. Economic reform scaled back the mass construction projects, placed a new emphasis on house building, and eased the levels of taxation on the peasantry to stimulate production. The new leaders sought rapprochement with Yugoslavia and a less hostile relationship with the U.S., and they pursued a negotiated end to the Korean War in July 1953. The doctors who had been imprisoned were released and the anti-Semitic purges ceased.
420:
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936:"His death is a heavy grief for our Fatherland and for all the people who inhabit it. The whole Russian Orthodox Church, which will never forget his benevolent attitude to Church needs, feels great sorrow at his death. The bright memory of him will live ineradicably in our hearts. Our Church proclaims eternal memory to him with a special feeling of abiding love."
357:
Pathologic examination revealed a large hemorrhage, localized to the area of subcortical centers of the left cerebral hemisphere. This hemorrhage destroyed important areas of the brain and resulted in irreversible changes in the respiration and circulation. In addition to the brain hemorrhage, there
366:
Beria's son, Sergo Beria, later recounted that after Stalin's death, his mother Nina told her husband that, "Your position now is even more precarious than when Stalin was alive." This turned out to be correct; several months later, in June 1953, Beria was arrested and charged with a variety of
294:
and a few others, gathered together for an evening of entertainment and drinking. After the guests dispersed at approximately 4:00 a.m. on 1 March, Stalin retired to his private quarters with strict instructions that he was not to be disturbed until sounds were heard indicating that he had
362:
As summarized above, rather than suggesting a plot by Beria, on whom suspicion fell for his purportedly telling
Molotov that he "took him out" at one point, and his seemingly willful delay in obtaining medical treatment for Stalin, the physical changes seen during autopsy were consistent with
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1090:
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awakened. Time passed and no sounds were heard throughout the day. At approximately 11:00 p.m. on 1 March, Stalin's housekeeper cautiously entered his room and found him lying on the floor, wearing his pajama trousers and a shirt. He was unconscious, breathing heavily,
956:
Stalin left neither a designated successor nor a framework within which a peaceful transfer of power could take place. The
Central Committee met on the day of his death, after which Malenkov, Beria, and Khrushchev emerged as the party's dominant figures. The system of
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each were applied to his neck and face over the next two days. However, Stalin's condition continued to deteriorate and he died at 9:50 p.m. on 5 March 1953. His death was announced the next day on
2154:
482:
In their efforts to pay their respects to Stalin, a number of Soviet citizens, many of whom had travelled from across the country to attend the funeral, were crushed and trampled to death in a
1036:
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for certain categories of convicts was issued, halving the country's inmate population, while the state security and Gulag systems were reformed, with torture being banned in April 1953.
43:
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for public viewing. Attempts to locate and access the original autopsy report were unsuccessful until the 2010s, but the most important findings were reported in a special bulletin in
178:
declared. On the day of the funeral, of the hundreds of thousands of Soviet citizens visiting the capital to pay their respects, at least 109 were later acknowledged to have died in a
501:. The Soviet government did not initially report the event, and the exact number of casualties is unknown. Khrushchev later provided an estimate that 109 people died in the crowd.
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322:. Over the next two days he received a variety of treatments. In an attempt to decrease his blood pressure, which had risen to 210/120, two separate applications of eight
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was restored, and measures introduced to prevent any one member from attaining autocratic domination. The collective leadership included eight senior members of the
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Barth, Rolf F.; Brodsky, Sergey V.; Ruzic, Miroljub (2019). "What did Joseph Stalin really die of? A reappraisal of his illness, death, and autopsy findings".
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At 7:00 a.m. on 2 March, Beria and a group of medical experts were summoned to examine Stalin. Based on their examination, which revealed
1024:
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2616:
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1440:"The Early Post-Stalin Succession Struggle and Upheavals in East-Central Europe: Internal-External Linkages in Soviet Policy Making (Part 2)"
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trucks, which had been deployed to block off side streets. Mourners, along with mounted police and their horses, were trampled to death in
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On 9 March, Stalin's embalmed body was interred in the Lenin
Mausoleum, which was renamed the Lenin–Stalin Mausoleum from 1953 to 1961.
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230:
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958:
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Czechoslovak leader
Gottwald died shortly after attending Stalin's funeral, on 14 March 1953, after one of his arteries burst.
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57:
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Another report on Stalin's medical condition was published four days after the stroke (1 March) and 7 hours before he died.
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risked traveling to Moscow to attend the funeral, with Hoxha instead pledging eternal allegiance to the late Soviet leader.
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2383:
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622:
1823:"Message Conveying the Government' s Official Condolences on the Death of Joseph Stalin | The American Presidency Project"
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774:
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2014:
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626:
380:
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24:
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The last three days of Stalin's life have been described in detail, first in the official Soviet announcements in
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2714:
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eulogized Stalin as a "great statesman and leader ... whose passing is mourned by all progressive men". The
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538:
2001:. Vol. 4: Challenges to American Primacy, 1945 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. pp. 58–78.
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3253:
2894:
2761:
817:
749:
468:
372:
2874:
2771:
2075:
Etinger, Iakov (1995). "The
Doctors' Plot: Stalin's Solution to the Jewish Question". In Ro'i, Yaacov (ed.).
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254:
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On 6 March, the coffin with Stalin's body was displayed at the Hall of
Columns in the House of Trade Unions.
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925:
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562:
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3319:
3309:
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2811:
2467:
2056:
1061:
877:
826:
710:
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554:
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2413:
881:
678:
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3150:
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175:
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transmitted a message of condolence through the
American Embassy to the Soviet Foreign Ministry.
810:
726:
653:
431:
On 6 March, the coffin containing Stalin's body was put on display at the Hall of
Columns in the
278:
described how, on 28 February 1953, Stalin and a small number of his inner circle, consisting of
198:
515:, the mourners included the following foreign dignitaries (listed alphabetically by last name):
367:
crimes but, significantly, none relating to Stalin's death. He was subsequently found guilty of
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2611:
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2196:
1623:
1202:
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578:
319:
134:
38:
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376:
258:
63:
754:
3455:
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903:
822:
440:
194:
8:
3463:
3447:
3431:
3200:
3155:
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2502:
2492:
2423:
2023:
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1119:
471:, China and North Korea. Immediately after the silence ended, a military band played the
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20:
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411:
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3339:
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1483:
1459:
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978:
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1383:
Pravda, vol. 66, no. 1264, p. 2, March 7, 1953 (translated by S. Brodsky and M. Ruzic)
526:
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3165:
2966:
2889:
2606:
2450:
2373:
2344:
2175:
2144:
2123:
2104:
2080:
2061:
2010:
1778:
1679:
1488:
1451:
1358:
1321:
1236:
1170:
982:
802:
448:
283:
275:
202:
130:
114:
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1513:
1370:
3479:
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3289:
3247:
3221:
3110:
2981:
2961:
2934:
2694:
2455:
2002:
1350:
990:
986:
618:
550:
1354:
895:
443:. Speeches were delivered by Khrushchev, Malenkov, Molotov and Beria, after which
270:, and then in a complete English translation which followed shortly thereafter in
3423:
3215:
3133:
2929:
2858:
2689:
2534:
2524:
2313:
2098:
2094:
2006:
1748:
1224:
998:
994:
970:
966:
838:
706:
384:
287:
279:
246:
218:
210:
126:
118:
201:. The members of Stalin's inner circle in charge of organizing his funeral were
3547:
3539:
3344:
3269:
3185:
3145:
2704:
2699:
2641:
1043:
733:
638:
613:
574:
387:
303:
159:
1875:
423:
3624:
3439:
3399:
3195:
3088:
3083:
2939:
2862:
2828:
2591:
2586:
2472:
2219:
1605:
1545:
1492:
1455:
963:
Presidium of the
Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
738:
674:
456:
452:
167:
151:
34:
1479:"Beria Trial Shows Army's Rising Role; Beria Trial Shows Army's Rising Role"
447:
carried the coffin to the mausoleum. As Stalin's body was being interred, a
3495:
3391:
3210:
2951:
2736:
2646:
2507:
1362:
888:
846:
833:
765:
722:
690:
646:
633:
464:
332:
328:
311:
242:
104:
94:
2100:
Shattered hope: the
Guatemalan revolution and the United States, 1944–1954
3228:
3054:
2741:
1232:
884:
770:
487:
483:
307:
1463:
1439:
435:, remaining there for three days. On 9 March, the body was delivered to
3205:
2853:
2539:
2418:
876:
Fearing their departure might encourage rivals within the ranks of the
858:
444:
436:
241:
Joseph Stalin's health had begun to deteriorate towards the end of the
82:
1718:[When Josef Stalin died - Urho Kekkonen rushed to the event].
310:, they concluded that Stalin, who had a known history of uncontrolled
2833:
2724:
2581:
2519:
902:
paid tribute to Stalin with a "minute of silence". At the request of
343:
186:
944:
on the day of Stalin's funeral. Other Orthodox officials, including
2776:
2487:
1716:"Kun Josif Stalin kuoli – näin Urho Kekkonen ryntäsi tilaisuuteen"
1080:
three days after the stroke (1 March) and one day before he died.
455:
chimed the hour, sirens and horns wailed nationwide, along with a
354:"Pathological-Anatomical Examination of the Body of J. V. Stalin"
2512:
2337:
2332:
1058:
701:
669:
511:
460:
451:
was observed nationwide at noon Moscow time. As the bells of the
368:
339:
2188:
1997:
Cohen, Warren I. (2013). "The Korean War and Its Consequences".
1514:"Лаврентия Берию в 1953 году расстрелял лично советский маршал"
941:
569:
338:
Stalin's body was then taken to an unspecified location and an
266:
250:
190:
171:
163:
86:
2122:. Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. Yale University Press.
2731:
853:
797:
717:
323:
2231:
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2079:. The Cummings Center Series. Frank Cass. pp. 103–124.
1803:
1791:
1956:
1954:
214:
1903:
1589:"Russia on the day of Stalin's funeral: A photo look back"
928:
composed a personal statement of condolence to the Soviet
1927:
1862:"Патриарх Алексий. Речь перед панихидой по И. В. Сталине"
363:
extracranial changes that often occur in stroke victims.
19:"Death of Stalin" redirects here. For the 2017 film, see
2268:
Russian Revolution, Russian Civil War, Polish–Soviet War
2237:
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union
1978:
1951:
1915:
1891:
383:
on 23 December 1953, and executed the same day, shot by
1999:
The New Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations
3300:
List of awards and honours bestowed upon Joseph Stalin
1966:
1939:
845:, Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the
274:. Decades later, former senior officer and historian
2747:
Case of Trotskyist Anti-Soviet Military Organization
1109:
1076:
The first report about Stalin's illness appeared in
1046:) of the Soviet Air Force during the military parade
504:
2077:
Jews and Jewish Life in Russia and the Soviet Union
3032:Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia
1741:
1563:"The Manhoff Archive: Stalin's Funeral - Part One"
2140:Flawed Succession: Russia's Power Transfer Crises
1340:
3622:
1198:"The 10-Minute Mecca Stampede That Made History"
137:and other Soviet, Church and foreign dignitaries
3140:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences
948:, attended the funeral and mourned for Stalin.
486:. They were crushed against building walls and
412:Official Soviet documentary on Stalin's funeral
1256:"Announcement of Stalin's Illness and Death".
463:. Similar observances were also held in other
2715:Demolition of Cathedral of Christ the Saviour
2617:Aggravation of class struggle under socialism
2478:Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance
2204:
1703:. Vol. 11, no. 1344. 15 March 1953.
1292:"How Moscow broke the news of Stalin's death"
1289:
1192:
2675:1906 Bolshevik raid on the Tsarevich Giorgi
2136:
1933:
299:and unresponsive to attempts to rouse him.
3101:Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR
2211:
2197:
1678:. Atlantic Monthly Press. pp. 77–78.
1647:
1529:"Joseph Stalin's funeral: how it happened"
1274:
1142:, a 2017 film directed by Armando Iannucci
1133:Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev
894:Guatemalan officials in the government of
424:Part of Soviet footage of Stalin's funeral
56:
2685:National delimitation in the Soviet Union
2657:Backwardness brings on beatings by others
2117:
2093:
2037:
1984:
1960:
1921:
1897:
1809:
1797:
1586:
1526:
1392:
1164:
1128:Death and state funeral of Vladimir Lenin
863:Premier of the People's Republic of China
2627:Great Construction Projects of Communism
2053:
2033:
1476:
1315:
1223:
205:, then-head of the Moscow branch of the
51:Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin
3043:Alleged 19 August 1939 speech
2169:
2074:
2029:
1990:
1972:
1945:
1909:
1770:
459:fired from within the precincts of the
3623:
3078:Dialectical and Historical Materialism
1673:
1667:
1650:"Mourners Crushed at Stalin's Funeral"
1437:
1422:
1258:The Current Digest of the Soviet Press
272:The Current Digest of the Soviet Press
2192:
1996:
1774:Albania as Dictatorship and Democracy
1714:Tikka, Juha-Pekka (18 October 2017).
1713:
1621:
1587:Ganjushin, Alexander (5 March 2013).
1527:Ganjushin, Alexander (6 March 2013).
1506:
1470:
1407:
1100:issue 64 (12632), dated 5 March 1953.
1084:issue 63 (12631), dated 4 March 1953.
249:as a result of heavy smoking, a mild
197:until 1961, when it was moved to the
3161:22nd Congress of the Communist Party
3119:20th Congress of the Communist Party
2562:19th Congress of the Communist Party
2399:18th Congress of the Communist Party
2364:17th Congress of the Communist Party
1624:"Why Did Russia Move Stalin's Body?"
1477:Schwartz, Harry (24 December 1953).
1188:
1186:
1160:
1158:
1156:
643:Chairman of the Council of Ministers
475:, and then a military parade of the
236:
3095:Marxism and Problems of Linguistics
2319:Anti-religious campaign (1921–1928)
2157:from the original on 1 January 2021
2120:Stalin: New Biography of a Dictator
1654:Seventeen Moments in Soviet History
1167:Stalin: New Biography of a Dictator
1030:Floristry at the funeral procession
577:– Interim General Secretary of the
13:
3651:State funerals in the Soviet Union
3646:Deaths and funerals of politicians
3242:Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism
3061:The History of the Communist Party
2880:Soviet offensive plans controversy
2845:Ideological repression in science
2389:1937 Islamic rebellion in Xinjiang
1850:. Walter Kolarz. 1966. p. 65.
1771:Pearson, Owen (8 September 2006).
1410:My Father: Inside Stalin's Kremlin
916:
393:
14:
3677:
3280:Generalissimo of the Soviet Union
3011:Marxism and the National Question
2218:
1183:
1153:
871:
627:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
505:Foreign dignitaries in attendance
381:Supreme Court of the Soviet Union
16:Death of the second Soviet leader
3603:
3602:
2920:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
2384:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
1425:Beria: Stalin's First Lieutenant
1412:. Gerald Duckworth, and Co. Ltd.
1112:
1089:
1069:
1051:
1035:
1023:
1011:
852:
843:Socialist Unity Party of Germany
832:
816:
796:
780:
764:
759:Hungarian Working People's Party
748:
743:Communist Party of Great Britain
732:
716:
700:
684:
668:
652:
632:
612:
584:
568:
544:
520:
418:
406:
229:, previously the Soviet Union's
25:Death of Stalin (disambiguation)
3305:Statue of Joseph Stalin, Berlin
2441:Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
2431:Occupation of the Baltic states
1868:
1854:
1840:
1815:
1764:
1734:
1707:
1692:
1641:
1615:
1580:
1567:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
1555:
1520:
1431:
1416:
1401:
1386:
62:Stalin's funeral procession on
2103:. Princeton University Press.
1377:
1334:
1309:
1283:
1268:
1249:
1217:
595:President of the State Council
342:performed, after which it was
174:on 9 March, with four days of
158:, died on 5 March 1953 at his
1:
3146:Gomulka thaw (Polish October)
2957:1946–1947 Soviet famine
2530:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état
1743:"Czechoslovakia: Death No. 2"
1427:. Princeton University Press.
1355:10.1016/j.carpath.2019.02.003
1290:Victor Zorza (7 March 1953).
1146:
479:was held in Stalin's honor.
350:on 7 March 1953, as follows:
3295:1956 Georgian demonstrations
2007:10.1017/CHO9781139032513.006
1877:Generalissimo Stalin Funeral
1848:Religion in the Soviet Union
1777:. I.B. Tauris. p. 454.
1648:Evtushenko, Evgenii (1963).
951:
695:People's Republic of Albania
539:Polish United Workers' Party
166:, at age 74. He was given a
7:
3310:Stalin Monument in Budapest
2977:Night of the Murdered Poets
2895:Allegations of antisemitism
2632:Engineers of the human soul
2379:Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
2355:Sino-Soviet conflict (1929)
2118:Khlevniuk, Oleg V. (2015).
1516:(in Russian). 24 June 2010.
1444:Journal of Cold War Studies
1320:. Moscow: Publisher Veche.
1105:
1018:Stalin's funeral procession
775:West German Communist Party
757:– General Secretary of the
741:– General Secretary of the
661:– General Secretary of the
623:President of Czechoslovakia
563:Communist Party of Bulgaria
306:of 190/110 and right-sided
231:Minister of Foreign Affairs
10:
3682:
3641:Deaths by person in Moscow
3350:Stalin Bloc – For the USSR
3320:Joseph Stalin Museum, Gori
2468:Soviet atomic bomb project
2137:Ra'anan, Uri, ed. (2006).
2057:Stalin: Breaker of Nations
2047:
1004:
887:nor Deputy Prime Minister
878:Party of Labour of Albania
847:German Democratic Republic
827:Prime Minister of Mongolia
791:Defence Minister of Poland
711:Communist Party of Austria
647:German Democratic Republic
555:Prime Minister of Bulgaria
257:in May 1945, and a severe
156:leader of the Soviet Union
18:
3666:Unsolved deaths in Russia
3598:
3515:
3376:
3358:
3330:Places named after Stalin
3315:Stalin Monument in Prague
3262:
3174:
3109:
2995:
2839:Repressions in Azerbaijan
2665:
2574:
2557:1950 legislative election
2483:1946 legislative election
2394:1937 legislative election
2306:
2255:
2246:
2226:
2054:Conquest, Robert (1991).
1674:Pozner, Vladimir (1990).
1318:Stalin, Illness and Death
1169:. Yale University Press.
841:– First Secretary of the
679:Prime Minister of Finland
599:Prime Minister of Romania
417:
405:
400:
141:
110:
100:
78:
70:
55:
3656:State funerals in Russia
3636:1953 in the Soviet Union
3151:Soviet Nonconformist Art
3067:1936 Soviet Constitution
2720:Soviet famine of 1932–33
2680:1907 Tiflis bank robbery
2652:Transformation of nature
2637:1936 Soviet Constitution
2597:Socialism in One Country
2436:German–Soviet Axis talks
2170:Service, Robert (2004).
1699:"Mourning of millions".
1343:Cardiovascular Pathology
1165:Khlevniuk, Oleg (2017).
663:Communist Party of Spain
531:Prime Minister of Poland
3275:Iosif Stalin locomotive
3018:Foundations of Leninism
3004:Anarchism or Socialism?
2885:Hitler Youth Conspiracy
2752:NKVD prisoner massacres
2404:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
2293:Death and state funeral
1827:www.presidency.ucsb.edu
1275:Volkogonov, D. (1999).
811:Italian Communist Party
727:Italian Socialist Party
607:Romanian Workers' Party
253:around the time of the
199:Kremlin Wall Necropolis
31:
3483:(second father-in-law)
2737:Murder of Sergey Kirov
2612:Stalinist architecture
2498:Turkish Straits crisis
1676:Parting with illusions
1064:en route to Red Square
946:Nicholas (Yarushevich)
938:
921:After Stalin's death,
787:Konstantin Rokossovsky
693:– Vice-Premier of the
591:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
579:French Communist Party
439:prior to interment in
360:
320:middle cerebral artery
221:, the chairman of the
135:Nicholas (Yarushevich)
44:considered for merging
23:. For other uses, see
3504:William Wesley Peters
3049:Falsifiers of History
2972:Rootless cosmopolitan
2278:Rule as Soviet leader
1622:Rosenberg, Jennifer.
1438:Kramer, Mark (1999).
1393:Radzinsky, E (1997).
1277:Autopsy for an Empire
1194:Langewiesche, William
959:collective leadership
934:
377:counter-revolutionary
352:
3525:Stalin's house, Gori
3456:Yevgeny Dzhugashvili
3384:Besarion Jughashvili
3325:Batumi Stalin Museum
3236:Nineteen Eighty-Four
2987:Censorship of images
2666:Crimes, repressions,
2369:1931 Menshevik Trial
2350:First five-year plan
2032:, pp. 120–121;
1316:Chigirin, I (2018).
940:Alexy I also gave a
930:Council of Ministers
904:President Eisenhower
823:Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal
467:countries including
74:5–9 March 1953
3517:Stalin's residences
3464:Galina Dzhugashvili
3448:Svetlana Alliluyeva
3432:Nadezhda Alliluyeva
3359:Cultural depictions
3201:Anti-Stalinist left
3156:Shvernik Commission
3124:Pospelov Commission
2900:Population transfer
2875:1941 Red Army purge
2849:Suppressed research
2503:First Indochina War
2446:Great Patriotic War
2424:Moscow Peace Treaty
2288:Cult of personality
2172:Stalin: A Biography
2143:. Lexington Books.
1912:, pp. 586–587.
1812:, pp. 181–379.
1800:, pp. 141–181.
1225:Medvedev, Zhores A.
1139:The Death of Stalin
1120:Soviet Union portal
900:Guatemalan Congress
725:– Secretary of the
473:Soviet State Anthem
433:House of the Unions
318:involving the left
52:
21:The Death of Stalin
3488:Alexander Svanidze
3416:Konstantin Kuzakov
3408:Yakov Dzhugashvili
3367:Apocalypse: Stalin
3340:Stalin Peace Prize
3335:State Stalin Prize
3038:"Ten Blows" speech
3025:Dizzy with Success
2935:Operation "Priboi"
2915:Operation "Lentil"
2868:1937 Soviet Census
2547:Sino-Soviet Treaty
2461:Potsdam Conference
2414:Invasion of Poland
1880:, 30 December 2010
1594:Rossiyskaya Gazeta
1534:Rossiyskaya Gazeta
1484:The New York Times
1423:Knight, A (1993).
1229:The Unknown Stalin
1196:(9 January 2018).
979:Kliment Voroshilov
975:Vyacheslav Molotov
911:John Foster Dulles
908:Secretary of State
773:– Chairman of the
709:– Chairman of the
625:, Chairman of the
316:hemorrhagic stroke
314:, had sustained a
292:Vyacheslav Molotov
227:Vyacheslav Molotov
185:Stalin's body was
162:after suffering a
123:Vyacheslav Molotov
50:
3616:
3615:
3573:Kholodnaya Rechka
3270:Iosif Stalin tank
3191:Lenin's Testament
3166:Era of Stagnation
2967:Mingrelian Affair
2945:Forced settlement
2930:Operation "North"
2890:Soviet war crimes
2668:and controversies
2607:Socialist realism
2570:
2569:
2552:Tito–Stalin split
2451:Tehran Conference
2374:Spanish Civil War
2345:Chinese Civil War
2181:978-0-333-72627-3
2150:978-0-7391-1403-2
2129:978-0-300-16388-9
2110:978-0-691-02556-8
2067:978-0-14-016953-9
1784:978-1-84511-105-2
1408:Beria, S (2001).
1327:978-5-4484-0279-1
1279:. The Free Press.
1242:978-1-85043-980-6
1176:978-0-300-21978-4
983:Nikita Khrushchev
807:General Secretary
803:Palmiro Togliatti
559:General Secretary
535:Secretary General
449:moment of silence
441:Lenin's Mausoleum
429:
428:
284:Nikita Khrushchev
276:Dmitry Volkogonov
261:in October 1945.
237:Illness and death
203:Nikita Khrushchev
195:Lenin's Mausoleum
176:national mourning
149:
148:
131:Patriarch Alexy I
115:Nikita Khrushchev
3673:
3606:
3605:
3508:
3500:
3492:
3491:(brother-in-law)
3484:
3480:Sergei Alliluyev
3476:
3472:Joseph Alliluyev
3468:
3460:
3452:
3444:
3436:
3428:
3420:
3412:
3404:
3396:
3388:
3290:Pantheon, Moscow
3248:The Soviet Story
3222:Darkness at Noon
3111:De-Stalinization
2962:Leningrad Affair
2695:Decossackization
2493:1946 Iran crisis
2456:Yalta Conference
2328:Collectivization
2253:
2252:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2133:
2114:
2095:Gleijeses, Piero
2090:
2071:
2041:
2027:
2021:
2020:
1994:
1988:
1982:
1976:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1745:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1603:
1601:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1543:
1541:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1190:
1181:
1180:
1162:
1122:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1093:
1073:
1055:
1039:
1027:
1015:
991:Lazar Kaganovich
987:Nikolai Bulganin
857:
856:
837:
836:
821:
820:
801:
800:
785:
784:
769:
768:
753:
752:
737:
736:
721:
720:
705:
704:
689:
688:
673:
672:
659:Dolores Ibárruri
657:
656:
637:
636:
619:Klement Gottwald
617:
616:
589:
588:
573:
572:
551:Valko Chervenkov
549:
548:
525:
524:
500:
422:
421:
410:
409:
398:
397:
379:activity by the
243:Second World War
60:
53:
49:
47:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3670:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3612:
3594:
3590:Stalin's bunker
3540:Room at Kremlin
3530:Tiflis Seminary
3511:
3506:
3498:
3490:
3482:
3474:
3467:(granddaughter)
3466:
3458:
3450:
3442:
3434:
3426:
3424:Artyom Sergeyev
3418:
3410:
3402:
3394:
3386:
3372:
3354:
3258:
3216:True Communists
3179:
3177:
3170:
3134:Khrushchev Thaw
3105:
3072:Stalin's poetry
2991:
2859:Japhetic theory
2797:Medvedev Forest
2690:Georgian Affair
2667:
2661:
2622:Five-year plans
2566:
2535:Berlin Blockade
2525:Greek Civil War
2314:August Uprising
2302:
2283:Political views
2248:
2242:
2222:
2217:
2182:
2160:
2158:
2151:
2130:
2111:
2087:
2068:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2036:, p. 314;
2028:
2024:
2017:
1995:
1991:
1983:
1979:
1971:
1967:
1959:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1932:
1928:
1920:
1916:
1908:
1904:
1896:
1892:
1883:
1881:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1808:
1804:
1796:
1792:
1785:
1769:
1765:
1755:
1753:
1752:. 23 March 1953
1740:
1739:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1712:
1708:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1686:
1672:
1668:
1658:
1656:
1646:
1642:
1632:
1630:
1620:
1616:
1599:
1597:
1585:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1539:
1537:
1525:
1521:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1497:
1495:
1475:
1471:
1436:
1432:
1421:
1417:
1406:
1402:
1397:. Anchor Books.
1391:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1298:
1288:
1284:
1273:
1269:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1243:
1222:
1218:
1208:
1206:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1163:
1154:
1149:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1085:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1047:
1040:
1031:
1028:
1019:
1016:
1007:
995:Anastas Mikoyan
971:Lavrentiy Beria
967:Georgy Malenkov
954:
919:
917:Church tributes
874:
851:
839:Walter Ulbricht
831:
815:
795:
779:
763:
747:
731:
715:
707:Johann Koplenig
699:
683:
667:
651:
631:
611:
603:First Secretary
583:
567:
543:
527:Bolesław Bierut
519:
507:
494:
492:Trubnaya Square
477:Moscow Garrison
419:
407:
401:External videos
396:
394:Funeral service
288:Georgy Malenkov
280:Lavrentiy Beria
247:atherosclerosis
239:
219:Georgy Malenkov
211:Lavrentiy Beria
207:Communist Party
127:Lavrentiy Beria
119:Georgy Malenkov
66:
48:
32:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3679:
3669:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3631:1953 in Moscow
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3501:
3493:
3485:
3477:
3469:
3461:
3453:
3445:
3437:
3429:
3421:
3413:
3405:
3397:
3389:
3380:
3378:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3362:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3345:Stalin Society
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3285:Stalin statues
3282:
3277:
3272:
3266:
3264:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3244:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3186:Stalin Epigram
3182:
3180:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3136:
3131:
3129:Rehabilitation
3126:
3121:
3115:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3057:
3052:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3028:
3021:
3014:
3007:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2907:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2856:
2851:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2749:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2705:Wittorf affair
2702:
2700:Dekulakization
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2642:New Soviet man
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2416:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2325:
2316:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2234:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2180:
2167:
2149:
2134:
2128:
2115:
2109:
2091:
2085:
2072:
2066:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2040:, p. 314.
2038:Khlevniuk 2015
2022:
2015:
1989:
1987:, p. 316.
1985:Khlevniuk 2015
1977:
1975:, p. 593.
1965:
1963:, p. 315.
1961:Khlevniuk 2015
1950:
1948:, p. 591.
1938:
1926:
1924:, p. 312.
1922:Khlevniuk 2015
1914:
1902:
1900:, p. 310.
1898:Khlevniuk 2015
1890:
1867:
1853:
1839:
1814:
1810:Gleijeses 1992
1802:
1798:Gleijeses 1992
1790:
1783:
1763:
1733:
1706:
1691:
1684:
1666:
1640:
1614:
1579:
1554:
1519:
1505:
1469:
1430:
1415:
1400:
1385:
1376:
1333:
1326:
1308:
1282:
1267:
1264:(6): 24. 1953.
1248:
1241:
1216:
1182:
1175:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1135:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1086:
1075:
1068:
1066:
1057:
1050:
1048:
1044:Ilyushin Il-28
1041:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1010:
1006:
1003:
999:A mass amnesty
953:
950:
918:
915:
882:Prime Minister
873:
872:Other tributes
870:
866:
865:
849:
829:
813:
793:
777:
761:
745:
729:
713:
697:
681:
665:
649:
639:Otto Grotewohl
629:
609:
581:
575:Jacques Duclos
565:
541:
506:
503:
427:
426:
415:
414:
403:
402:
395:
392:
388:Pavel Batitsky
304:blood pressure
255:Victory Parade
238:
235:
213:, head of the
160:Kuntsevo Dacha
147:
146:
143:
139:
138:
112:
108:
107:
102:
98:
97:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
61:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3678:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3661:Joseph Stalin
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3619:
3609:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3591:
3588:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3563:Semyonovskoye
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3505:
3502:
3497:
3494:
3489:
3486:
3481:
3478:
3473:
3470:
3465:
3462:
3457:
3454:
3449:
3446:
3441:
3440:Vasily Stalin
3438:
3435:(second wife)
3433:
3430:
3427:(adopted son)
3425:
3422:
3417:
3414:
3409:
3406:
3401:
3400:Kato Svanidze
3398:
3393:
3390:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3196:Ryutin Affair
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3176:Criticism and
3173:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3092:
3090:
3089:Order No. 270
3087:
3085:
3084:Order No. 227
3082:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3005:
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3000:
2998:
2994:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2982:Doctors' plot
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
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2943:
2941:
2940:Nazino affair
2938:
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2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2904:German–Soviet
2901:
2898:
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2891:
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2883:
2881:
2878:
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2863:Slavists case
2860:
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2829:Moscow Trials
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2608:
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2598:
2595:
2593:
2592:Korenizatsiya
2590:
2588:
2587:Neo-Stalinism
2585:
2583:
2580:
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2479:
2476:
2474:
2473:Ili Rebellion
2471:
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2457:
2454:
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2449:
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2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2220:Joseph Stalin
2214:
2209:
2207:
2202:
2200:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2183:
2177:
2174:. Macmillan.
2173:
2168:
2156:
2152:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2112:
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2101:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2086:0-7146-4619-9
2082:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2039:
2035:
2034:Conquest 1991
2031:
2026:
2018:
2016:9781139032513
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1981:
1974:
1969:
1962:
1957:
1955:
1947:
1942:
1936:, p. 20.
1935:
1930:
1923:
1918:
1911:
1906:
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1767:
1751:
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1744:
1737:
1721:
1720:Verkkouutiset
1717:
1710:
1702:
1695:
1687:
1685:0-87113-287-7
1681:
1677:
1670:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1607:
1606:Russia Beyond
1596:
1595:
1590:
1583:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1551:
1547:
1546:Russia Beyond
1536:
1535:
1530:
1523:
1515:
1509:
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1490:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1473:
1465:
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1263:
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1252:
1244:
1238:
1235:. p. 6.
1234:
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924:
914:
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905:
901:
897:
896:Jacobo Árbenz
892:
890:
886:
883:
879:
869:
864:
860:
855:
850:
848:
844:
840:
835:
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828:
824:
819:
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804:
799:
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778:
776:
772:
767:
762:
760:
756:
755:Mátyás Rákosi
751:
746:
744:
740:
739:Harry Pollitt
735:
730:
728:
724:
719:
714:
712:
708:
703:
698:
696:
692:
687:
682:
680:
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675:Urho Kekkonen
671:
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513:
509:According to
502:
498:
493:
489:
485:
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
457:21-gun salute
454:
453:Kremlin Clock
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
425:
416:
413:
404:
399:
391:
389:
386:
382:
378:
374:
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200:
196:
192:
188:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
168:state funeral
165:
161:
157:
153:
152:Joseph Stalin
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
113:
109:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
59:
54:
45:
41:
40:
39:Infobox event
36:
30:
26:
22:
3618:
3507:(son-in-law)
3499:(son-in-law)
3496:Yuri Zhdanov
3403:(first wife)
3392:Keke Geladze
3365:
3254:Antisemitism
3246:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3211:Kremlin Plot
3138:
3076:
3060:
3047:
2952:Tax on trees
2910:Deportations
2647:Stakhanovite
2508:Eastern Bloc
2409:World War II
2362: /
2292:
2249:and politics
2171:
2159:. Retrieved
2139:
2119:
2099:
2076:
2055:
2030:Etinger 1995
2025:
1998:
1992:
1980:
1973:Service 2004
1968:
1946:Service 2004
1941:
1934:Ra'anan 2006
1929:
1917:
1910:Service 2004
1905:
1893:
1882:, retrieved
1876:
1870:
1856:
1847:
1842:
1830:. Retrieved
1826:
1817:
1805:
1793:
1773:
1766:
1754:. Retrieved
1747:
1736:
1724:. Retrieved
1722:(in Finnish)
1719:
1709:
1700:
1694:
1675:
1669:
1657:. Retrieved
1653:
1643:
1631:. Retrieved
1627:
1617:
1609:
1604:– via
1598:. Retrieved
1592:
1582:
1570:. Retrieved
1566:
1557:
1549:
1544:– via
1538:. Retrieved
1532:
1522:
1508:
1496:. Retrieved
1482:
1472:
1447:
1443:
1433:
1424:
1418:
1409:
1403:
1394:
1388:
1379:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1317:
1311:
1299:. Retrieved
1296:The Guardian
1295:
1285:
1276:
1270:
1261:
1257:
1251:
1228:
1219:
1207:. Retrieved
1201:
1166:
1137:
1097:
1081:
1077:
955:
939:
935:
920:
893:
889:Mehmet Shehu
875:
867:
723:Pietro Nenni
691:Spiro Koleka
510:
508:
481:
465:Eastern Bloc
430:
365:
361:
356:
353:
347:
337:
333:Yuri Levitan
329:Radio Moscow
312:hypertension
301:
271:
265:
263:
259:heart attack
240:
184:
150:
145:109 – 1000+
111:Participants
105:Soviet state
101:Organized by
91:Russian SFSR
64:Okhotny Ryad
37:
29:
3263:Remembrance
3229:Animal Farm
3055:Stalin Note
2742:Great Purge
2710:Great Break
2602:Great Break
2323:(1928–1941)
2239:(1946–1953)
2233:(1922–1952)
2060:. Penguin.
1884:14 November
1726:10 December
1450:(2): 3–38.
1233:I.B. Tauris
1203:Vanity Fair
885:Enver Hoxha
771:Max Reimann
495: [
488:Soviet Army
484:crowd crush
445:pallbearers
297:incontinent
180:human crush
33:‹ The
3625:Categories
3578:Lake Ritsa
3558:Uspenskoye
3475:(grandson)
3459:(grandson)
3451:(daughter)
3206:Trotskyism
3178:opposition
2854:Lysenkoism
2540:Korean War
2419:Winter War
2307:Chronology
2298:Death toll
2263:Early life
2161:18 October
1832:15 January
1600:17 January
1540:17 January
1498:23 October
1231:. London:
1147:References
1042:Aircraft (
880:, neither
859:Zhou Enlai
437:Red Square
308:hemiplegia
83:Red Square
3568:New Athos
2834:Hotel Lux
2817:Vinnytsia
2772:Chortkiv
2762:Berezwecz
2757:Berezhany
2725:Holodomor
2582:Stalinism
2520:Cominform
2256:Overviews
1756:17 August
1628:ThoughtCo
1572:17 August
1493:0362-4331
1456:1520-3972
1349:: 55–58.
965:, namely
952:Aftermath
923:Patriarch
373:terrorism
245:. He had
223:Presidium
154:, second
42:is being
3608:Category
3548:Kuntsevo
3395:(mother)
3387:(father)
2822:Zolochiv
2807:Valozhyn
2777:Kurapaty
2575:Concepts
2488:Cold War
2155:Archived
2097:(1992).
1633:6 August
1464:26925014
1371:78094148
1363:30870795
1301:24 April
1227:(2006).
1209:22 March
1106:See also
469:Mongolia
344:embalmed
191:interred
187:embalmed
79:Location
46:. ›
35:template
3583:Sukhumi
3544:Dachas
3535:Kureika
2925:Koreans
2812:Vileyka
2513:Comecon
2338:Sovkhoz
2333:Kolkhoz
2247:History
2048:Sources
1701:Ogoniok
1059:BTR-152
1005:Gallery
926:Alexy I
809:of the
645:of the
605:of the
561:of the
537:of the
512:Ogoniok
461:Kremlin
385:General
369:treason
340:autopsy
324:leeches
3377:Family
2802:Sambir
2178:
2147:
2126:
2107:
2083:
2064:
2013:
1781:
1682:
1491:
1462:
1454:
1395:Stalin
1369:
1361:
1324:
1239:
1173:
1098:Pravda
1082:Pravda
1078:Pravda
942:eulogy
348:Pravda
267:Pravda
251:stroke
225:; and
172:Moscow
164:stroke
142:Deaths
87:Moscow
3553:Sochi
3443:(son)
3419:(son)
3411:(son)
2996:Works
2787:Lutsk
2782:Katyn
2767:Dubno
2732:Gulag
1659:5 May
1460:JSTOR
1367:S2CID
499:]
2792:Lviv
2360:16th
2273:Rise
2176:ISBN
2163:2020
2145:ISBN
2124:ISBN
2105:ISBN
2081:ISBN
2062:ISBN
2011:ISBN
1886:2022
1834:2024
1779:ISBN
1758:2019
1749:Time
1728:2017
1680:ISBN
1661:2018
1635:2017
1602:2018
1574:2019
1542:2018
1500:2021
1489:ISSN
1452:ISSN
1359:PMID
1322:ISBN
1303:2024
1237:ISBN
1211:2020
1171:ISBN
1062:APCs
993:and
597:and
375:and
215:NKVD
189:and
95:USSR
71:Date
2003:doi
1351:doi
331:by
193:in
170:in
3627::
2861:,
2153:.
2009:.
1953:^
1825:.
1746:.
1652:.
1626:.
1608:.
1591:.
1565:.
1548:.
1531:.
1487:.
1481:.
1458:.
1446:.
1442:.
1365:.
1357:.
1347:40
1345:.
1294:.
1260:.
1200:.
1185:^
1155:^
989:,
985:,
981:,
977:,
973:,
969:,
906:,
861:–
825:–
805:–
789:–
677:–
641:–
621:–
601:,
593:–
557:,
553:–
533:,
529:–
497:ru
390:.
371:,
335:.
290:,
286:,
282:,
233:.
217:;
209:;
182:.
133:,
129:,
125:,
121:,
117:,
93:,
89:,
85:,
3097:"
3093:"
3034:"
3030:"
3027:"
3023:"
3020:"
3016:"
3013:"
3009:"
3006:"
3002:"
2906:)
2902:(
2321:/
2212:e
2205:t
2198:v
2184:.
2165:.
2132:.
2113:.
2089:.
2070:.
2019:.
2005::
1864:.
1836:.
1787:.
1760:.
1730:.
1688:.
1663:.
1637:.
1576:.
1502:.
1466:.
1448:1
1373:.
1353::
1330:.
1305:.
1262:V
1245:.
1213:.
1179:.
932::
27:.
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