1076:
341:
1497:
721:
1621:(EBD) uses current scientific evidence to guide decisions. It is an approach to oral health that requires the application and examination of relevant scientific data related to the patient's oral and medical health. Along with the dentist's professional skill and expertise, EBD allows dentists to stay up to date on the latest procedures and patients to receive improved treatment. A new paradigm for medical education designed to incorporate current research into education and practice was developed to help practitioners provide the best care for their patients. It was first introduced by
1410:
826:
98:
712:
1379:
6332:
6362:
1645:
6372:
1094:
38:
6352:
1533:
649:
6342:
1670:
1599:), exposure limits are set to 85 dBA. Exposures below 85 dBA are not considered to be hazardous. Time limits are placed on how long an individual can stay in an environment above 85 dBA before it causes hearing loss. OSHA places that limitation at 8 hours for 85 dBA. The exposure time becomes shorter as the dBA level increases.
793:
In many countries, dentists usually complete between five and eight years of post-secondary education before practising. Though not mandatory, many dentists choose to complete an internship or residency focusing on specific aspects of dental care after they have received their dental degree. In a few
1444:
The
Egyptian Mummies that I have seen, have had their Mouths open, and somewhat gaping, which affordeth a good opportunity to view and observe their Teeth, wherein 'tis not easie to find any wanting or decayed: and therefore in Egypt, where one Man practised but one Operation, or the Diseases but of
1602:
Within the field of dentistry, a variety of cleaning tools are used including piezoelectric and sonic scalers, and ultrasonic scalers and cleaners. While a majority of the tools do not exceed 75 dBA, prolonged exposure over many years can lead to hearing loss or complaints of tinnitus. Few dentists
777:
and the
Metropolitan School of Dental Science, both in London, opened in 1859. The British Dentists Act of 1878 and the 1879 Dentists Register limited the title of "dentist" and "dental surgeon" to qualified and registered practitioners. However, others could legally describe themselves as "dental
1564:
Major advances in science were made in the 19th century, and dentistry evolved from a trade to a profession. The profession came under government regulation by the end of the 19th century. In the UK, the
Dentist Act was passed in 1878 and the British Dental Association formed in 1879. In the same
1528:
threads were usually employed to fasten the braces. His contributions to the world of dental science consist primarily of his 1728 publication Le chirurgien dentiste or The
Surgeon Dentist. The French text included "basic oral anatomy and function, dental construction, and various operative and
798:
awarded around the world include the Doctor of Dental
Surgery (DDS) and Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) in North America (US and Canada), and the Bachelor of Dental Surgery/Baccalaureus Dentalis Chirurgiae (BDS, BDent, BChD, BDSc) in the UK and current and former British Commonwealth countries.
2895:
Oxilia, Gregorio; Fiorillo, Flavia; Boschin, Francesco; Boaretto, Elisabetta; Apicella, Salvatore A.; Matteucci, Chiara; Panetta, Daniele; Pistocchi, Rossella; Guerrini, Franca; Margherita, Cristiana; Andretta, Massimo; Sorrentino, Rita; Boschian, Giovanni; Arrighi, Simona; Dori, Irene (2017).
1657:
Dentistry is unique in that it requires dental students to have competence-based clinical skills that can only be acquired through supervised specialized laboratory training and direct patient care. This necessitates the need for a scientific and professional basis of care with a foundation of
1561:. Hunter conducted a series of pioneering operations, in which he attempted a tooth transplant. Although the donated teeth never properly bonded with the recipients' gums, one of Hunter's patients stated that he had three which lasted for six years, a remarkable achievement for the period.
811:" (DMD). Specialization in dentistry is available in the fields of Anesthesiology, Dental Public Health, Endodontics, Oral Radiology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, Orofacial Pain, Pathology, Orthodontics, Pediatric Dentistry (Pedodontics), Periodontics, and Prosthodontics.
1641:, especially since a major part of dentistry involves dealing with oral and systemic diseases. Other issues relevant to the dental field in terms of evidence-based research and evidence-based practice include population oral health, dental clinical practice, tooth morphology etc.
1556:
from one person to another. He realised that the chances of a successful tooth transplant (initially, at least) would be improved if the donor tooth was as fresh as possible and was matched for size with the recipient. These principles are still used in the transplantation of
1130:
already used rudimentary dentistry tools. In Italy evidence dated to the
Paleolithic, around 13,000 years ago, points to bitumen used to fill a tooth and in Neolithic Slovenia, 6500 years ago, beeswax was used to close a fracture in a tooth. The
902:– The delivery of dental care to older adults involving the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of problems associated with normal aging and age-related diseases as part of an interdisciplinary team with other health care professionals.
758:
Studies show that dentists that graduated from different countries, or even from different dental schools in one country, may make different clinical decisions for the same clinical condition. For example, dentists that graduated from
1779:
Whether
Dentists are referred to as "Doctor" is subject to geographic variation. For example, they are called "Doctor" in the US. In the UK, dentists have traditionally been referred to as "Mister" as they identified themselves with
668:
and regular, twice or more yearly, checkups for professional cleaning and evaluation. Oral infections and inflammations may affect overall health and conditions in the oral cavity may be indicative of systemic diseases, such as
2943:
Bernardini, Federico; Tuniz, Claudio; Coppa, Alfredo; Mancini, Lucia; Dreossi, Diego; Eichert, Diane; Turco, Gianluca; Biasotto, Matteo; Terrasi, Filippo; Cesare, Nicola De; Hua, Quan; Levchenko, Vladimir (19 September 2012).
1336:, Avicenna said that jaw fracture should be reduced according to the occlusal guidance of the teeth; this principle is still valid in modern times. Al-Zahrawi invented over 200 surgical tools that resemble the modern kind.
1023:). Today, most maxillofacial prosthodontists return function and esthetics to patients with acquired defects secondary to surgical removal of head and neck tumors, or secondary to trauma from war or motor vehicle accidents.
1591:. Noise exposure can cause excessive stimulation of the hearing mechanism, which damages the delicate structures of the inner ear. NIHL can occur when an individual is exposed to sound levels above 90 dBA according to the
480:
calls for the use of high-quality scientific research and evidence to guide decision-making such as in manual tooth conservation, use of fluoride water treatment and fluoride toothpaste, dealing with oral diseases such as
1396:
In the United
Kingdom, there was no formal qualification for the providers of dental treatment until 1859 and it was only in 1921 that the practice of dentistry was limited to those who were professionally qualified. The
1823:
715:
A sagittal cross-section of a molar tooth; 1: crown, 2: root, 3: enamel, 4: dentin and dentin tubules, 5: pulp chamber, 6: blood vessels and nerve, 7: periodontal ligament, 8: apex and periapical region, 9: alveolar
417:
The history of dentistry is almost as ancient as the history of humanity and civilization, with the earliest evidence dating from 7000 BC to 5500 BC. Dentistry is thought to have been the first specialization in
1126:(cavities). An infected tooth from Italy partially cleaned with flint tools, between 13,820 and 14,160 years old, represents the oldest known dentistry, although a 2017 study suggests that 130,000 years ago the
1801:
The scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery is variable. In some countries, both a medical and dental degree is required for training, and the scope includes head and neck oncology and craniofacial deformity.
840:
Some dentists undertake further training after their initial degree in order to specialize. Exactly which subjects are recognized by dental registration bodies varies according to location. Examples include:
802:
All dentists in the United States undergo at least three years of undergraduate studies, but nearly all complete a bachelor's degree. This schooling is followed by four years of dental school to qualify as a
5202:
778:
experts" or "dental consultants". The practice of dentistry in the United
Kingdom became fully regulated with the 1921 Dentists Act, which required the registration of anyone practising dentistry. The
1792:). However more UK dentists now refer to themselves as "Doctor", although this was considered to be potentially misleading by the British public in a single report (see Costley and Fawcett 2010).
652:
Irreversible enamel defects caused by an untreated celiac disease. They may be the only clue to its diagnosis, even in absence of gastrointestinal symptoms, but are often confused with fluorosis,
645:, and any other drugs used in patient management. Depending on their licensing boards, general dentists may be required to complete additional training to perform sedation, dental implants, etc.
4198:
Formicola, Allan J.; Bailit, Howard L.; Beazoglou, Tryfon J.; Tedesco, Lisa A. (February 2008). "The interrelationship of accreditation and dental education: history and current environment".
1393:
The first book focused solely on dentistry was the "Artzney
Buchlein" in 1530, and the first dental textbook written in English was called "Operator for the Teeth" by Charles Allen in 1685.
5347:
2712:
1445:
single Parts, it must needs be a barren Profession to confine unto that of drawing of Teeth, and little better than to have been Tooth-drawer unto King Pyrrhus, who had but two in his Head.
633:), endodontic (root canal) therapy, periodontal (gum) therapy, and extraction of teeth, as well as performing examinations, radiographs (x-rays), and diagnosis. Dentists can also prescribe
1453:
became known as the "father of modern dentistry". Despite the limitations of the primitive surgical instruments during the late 17th and early 18th century, Fauchard was a highly skilled
1231:, written in the 17th century BC but which may reflect previous manuscripts from as early as 3000 BC, discusses the treatment of dislocated or fractured jaws. In the 18th century BC, the
1046:
dealing with prevention and treatment of dental injuries and oral diseases associated with sports and exercise. The sports dentist works as an individual consultant or as a member of the
3133:
3766:
584:, oral diseases are major public health problems due to their high incidence and prevalence across the globe, with the disadvantaged affected more than other socio-economic groups.
5164:
2426:
Zadik Yehuda; Levin Liran (April 2007). "Decision making of Israeli, East European, and South American dental school graduates in third molar surgery: is there a difference?".
5134:
2399:
Zadik Yehuda; Levin Liran (April 2006). "Decision making of Hebrew University and Tel Aviv University Dental Schools graduates in every day dentistry—is there a difference?".
5332:
1834:
5380:
5065:
2843:
2742:
1155:
operated, perhaps, by skilled bead-crafters. The reconstruction of this ancient form of dentistry showed that the methods used were reliable and effective. The earliest
1569:
was the first ever dentist to be elected President of the Royal College of Surgeons (Edinburgh), raising dentistry onto a par with clinical surgery for the first time.
5075:
5070:
2124:
430:(the study of the mouth and its disorders and diseases) for which reason the two terms are used interchangeably in certain regions. However, some specialties such as
5129:
1658:
extensive research-based education. According to some experts, the accreditation of dental schools can enhance the quality and professionalism of dental education.
434:(facial reconstruction) may require both medical and dental degrees to accomplish. In European history, dentistry is considered to have stemmed from the trade of
5317:
5114:
1959:
5154:
1520:, although they were initially made of gold, he discovered that the teeth position could be corrected as the teeth would follow the pattern of the wires. Waxed
5458:
5174:
1595:(OSHA). Regulations state that the permissible noise exposure levels for individuals is 90 dBA. For the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (
3825:
Pierre Fauchard, Surgeon-dentist: A Brief Account of the Beginning of Modern Dentistry, the First Dental Textbook, and Professional Life Two Hundred Years Ago
5385:
2817:
5139:
2146:
422:
which has gone on to develop its own accredited degree with its own specializations. Dentistry is often also understood to subsume the now largely defunct
5322:
5248:
5149:
4995:
4960:
5144:
4975:
4822:
3713:
4812:
621:
By nature of their general training, dentists, without specialization can carry out the majority of dental treatments such as restorative (fillings,
4155:
Slavkin, Harold C. (January 2012). "Evolution of the scientific basis for dentistry and its impact on dental education: past, present, and future".
3740:
3686:
5103:
4950:
4036:
848:– The specialty of dentistry that deals with the advanced use of general anesthesia, sedation and pain management to facilitate dental procedures.
2720:
5405:
5352:
5301:
5099:
4970:
1398:
5030:
4955:
4646:
1552:. In 1763, he entered into a period of collaboration with the London-based dentist James Spence. He began to theorise about the possibility of
634:
3147:
4129:
3123:
1592:
307:
303:
2564:
1343:
and throughout the 19th century, dentistry was not a profession in itself, and often dental procedures were performed by barbers or general
5372:
5238:
5228:
5208:
5189:
3411:
1401:
in 1979 reported that there were then more than twice as many registered dentists per 10,000 population in the UK than there were in 1921.
3877:
2873:
2651:
5410:
5400:
5337:
5124:
5060:
5045:
5010:
4916:
4903:
2364:
Zadik Yehuda; Levin Liran (January 2008). "Clinical decision making in restorative dentistry, endodontics, and antibiotic prescription".
3923:
892:
with experience or training in this field. The function of the forensic dentist is primarily documentation and verification of identity.
786:
as president, played a major role in prosecuting dentists practising illegally. Dentists in the United Kingdom are now regulated by the
5861:
5443:
5362:
5357:
5218:
5119:
5050:
5040:
4980:
4926:
4797:
3293:
2064:
1824:
General Dental Council Patient and Public Attitudes to Standards for Dental Professionals, Ethical Guidance and Use of the Term Doctor
6202:
5327:
5266:
5085:
5020:
5015:
3324:
2160:
3381:
1281:
crafted dentures during the 6th–4th century BC, fashioning them from gold wire and incorporating two ivory teeth. In ancient Egypt,
5478:
5169:
5090:
5035:
4965:
4886:
4772:
4566:
3213:
1015:, which is the discipline originally concerned with the rehabilitation of patients with congenital facial and oral defects such as
656:
discoloration, acid reflux or other causes. The National Institutes of Health include a dental exam in the diagnostic protocol of
5801:
5516:
5213:
5184:
5005:
1075:
5488:
5342:
5296:
5000:
4990:
2851:
748:
4094:
Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group (1992). "Evidence-based medicine. A new approach to teaching the practice of medicine".
2746:
1261:
wrote about dentistry, including the eruption pattern of teeth, treating decayed teeth and gum disease, extracting teeth with
5281:
5276:
5233:
4494:
4474:
3853:
3776:
3644:
3547:
2315:
3563:
1617:
There is a movement in modern dentistry to place a greater emphasis on high-quality scientific evidence in decision-making.
6101:
4571:
2184:
Pastore L, Carroccio A, Compilato D, Panzarella V, Serpico R, Lo Muzio L (2008). "Oral manifestations of celiac disease".
1859:
5425:
4290:
3975:
Wilson, J.D. (2002). "Effects of occupational ultrasonic noise exposure on hearing of dental hygienists: A pilot study".
740:
1508:, and he invented many methods to replace lost teeth. He suggested that substitutes could be made from carved blocks of
6237:
5579:
5390:
4639:
5159:
4985:
1578:
1285:
is the first named "dentist" (greatest of the teeth). The Egyptians bound replacement teeth together with gold wire.
77:
1603:
have reported using personal hearing protective devices, which could offset any potential hearing loss or tinnitus.
5179:
4807:
4499:
4484:
4325:
4320:
2898:"The dawn of dentistry in the late upper Paleolithic: An early case of pathological intervention at Riparo Fredian"
911:
905:
68:
2821:
2237:
Estrella MR, Boynton JR (2010). "General dentistry's role in the care for children with special needs: a review".
1273:
in northern Italy, from as early as 700 BC, of human or other animal teeth fastened together with gold bands. The
541:, which comes from the French and Latin words for tooth. The term for the associated scientific study of teeth is
5473:
5395:
4837:
4832:
4545:
3513:
1722:
774:
17:
697:. The concept that oral health can affect systemic health and disease is referred to as "oral-systemic health".
6355:
6227:
5661:
5286:
5261:
5080:
4945:
4694:
4550:
4330:
3669:
1727:
917:
770:(wisdom teeth) more often than dentists that graduated from Latin American or Eastern European dental schools.
744:
706:
431:
1985:
794:
countries, to become a qualified dentist one must usually complete at least four years of postgraduate study;
5526:
5109:
4754:
4632:
732:
555:
3717:
1080:
A wealthy patient falling over because of having a tooth extracted with such vigour by a fashionable dentist
966:
and dentofacial orthopedics – The straightening of teeth and modification of midface and mandibular growth.
6207:
5415:
5198:
5095:
4879:
4847:
4782:
4591:
4535:
2595:
1744:
1712:
1070:
735:, and helped to establish dentistry as a health profession. It opened on 21 February 1828, and today is a
5851:
5501:
5496:
4489:
3744:
3690:
3495:
Ancient "dental implants": a recently proposed example from France evaluated with other spurious examples
1863:
525:(due to various severe complications arising from dental surgery with patients with heart disease), etc.
4003:
1583:
Long term occupational noise exposure can contribute to permanent hearing loss, which is referred to as
5831:
5194:
4655:
4479:
1584:
779:
340:
6260:
5536:
5531:
4596:
4509:
2068:
1702:
1012:
808:
581:
6052:
5974:
5969:
5889:
5649:
5468:
5448:
5025:
4939:
4935:
4931:
4428:
3155:
2790:
1638:
1618:
1612:
1496:
1423:
It was between 1650 and 1800 that the science of modern dentistry developed. The English physician
1236:
1235:
referenced dental extraction twice as it related to punishment. Examination of the remains of some
1036:
804:
608:
510:
477:
314:
4211:
3941:
Stevens, M (1999). "Is someone listening to the din of occupational noise exposure in dentistry".
6032:
6006:
5438:
5291:
5223:
4911:
4872:
4669:
4514:
4283:
4243:"The first 25 year [Internet] Ireland: ADEE (Association for Dental Education in Europe)"
2623:
2572:
1634:
1529:
restorative techniques, and effectively separated dentistry from the wider category of surgery".
1028:
407:
3616:
Czarnetzki, A.; Ehrhardt S. (1990). "Re-dating the Chinese amalgam-filling of teeth in Europe".
3415:
5624:
5572:
4852:
4787:
4704:
4603:
4504:
3888:
3441:
2662:
2514:
1830:
1734:
1309:
medical text written by the Chinese physician Su Kung in 659, and appeared in Germany in 1528.
908:– The study, diagnosis, and sometimes the treatment of oral and maxillofacial related diseases.
787:
546:
3905:
3493:
6275:
6161:
6134:
6107:
6059:
6013:
5708:
5055:
4777:
4375:
4307:
1754:
1566:
1549:
1317:
1207:
Recipes for the treatment of toothache, infections and loose teeth are spread throughout the
845:
820:
284:
4168:
3301:
2377:
2072:
1359:. Instruments used for dental extractions date back several centuries. In the 14th century,
1339:
Historically, dental extractions have been used to treat a variety of illnesses. During the
1293:
wrote extensively of oral diseases as well as dental treatments such as narcotic-containing
720:
572:'tooth') – the study of the structure, development, and abnormalities of the teeth.
6295:
6255:
6122:
5936:
5931:
5911:
5846:
5698:
5521:
5433:
5271:
4355:
3637:
Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia (Routledge Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages)
3077:
2264:
da Fonseca MA (2010). "Dental and oral care for chronically ill children and adolescents".
1759:
1694:
1429:
1247:. However, it is possible the prosthetics were prepared after death for aesthetic reasons.
1053:
1016:
857:
736:
3924:"Occupational Safety and Health Standards | Occupational Safety and Health Administration"
3331:
2167:
587:
The majority of dental treatments are carried out to prevent or treat the two most common
8:
6375:
6317:
6300:
5959:
5676:
5541:
5463:
5453:
4744:
4719:
4709:
4540:
4530:
4453:
4370:
4340:
3389:
2897:
2515:"125 years of developments in dentistry, 1880–2005 Part 2: Law and the dental profession"
1749:
1739:
1717:
1707:
1626:
1302:
1265:, and using wires to stabilize loose teeth and fractured jaws. Use of dental appliances,
1228:
1057:
969:
925:
895:
885:
596:
567:
486:
3244:
3081:
6396:
6265:
6222:
6212:
6001:
5954:
5921:
5916:
5666:
5644:
5511:
4921:
4581:
4418:
4390:
4380:
4360:
4276:
4071:
4054:
3474:
3194:
3100:
3065:
2980:
2945:
2600:
2487:
2462:
2219:
2041:
2014:
1383:
1313:
1266:
1156:
1005:
875:
851:
626:
616:
612:
600:
1409:
825:
97:
6361:
6335:
6217:
6187:
6166:
6129:
6112:
6027:
5991:
5981:
5876:
5796:
5740:
5703:
5688:
5629:
5596:
5565:
5546:
5506:
4408:
4223:
4215:
4180:
4172:
4111:
4107:
4076:
4028:
3984:
3849:
3772:
3665:
3640:
3598:
3543:
3478:
3466:
3275:
3236:
3186:
3105:
3028:
3020:
2985:
2967:
2925:
2847:
2687:
2542:
2534:
2492:
2443:
2408:
2381:
2321:
2311:
2273:
2246:
2223:
2211:
2140:
2046:
1941:
1689:
1368:
1232:
1179:
1151:) indicates that this form of dentistry involved curing tooth related disorders with
1135:
has yielded evidence of dentistry being practised as far back as 7000 BC, during the
948:
938:
752:
743:, opened in Baltimore, Maryland, US in 1840. The second in the United States was the
622:
604:
580:
Dentistry usually encompasses practices related to the oral cavity. According to the
458:
423:
298:
273:
60:
1457:
who made remarkable improvisations of dental instruments, often adapting tools from
6345:
6037:
6022:
5899:
5774:
5730:
5256:
4608:
4423:
4207:
4164:
4103:
4066:
4018:
3456:
3228:
3095:
3085:
3012:
2975:
2957:
2917:
2909:
2526:
2482:
2474:
2435:
2373:
2308:
Teeth: the story of beauty, inequality, and the struggle for oral health in America
2201:
2193:
2036:
2026:
1931:
1867:
1553:
1290:
1115:
990:(non-surgical and surgical) as well as placement and maintenance of dental implants
462:
454:
450:
446:
349:
278:
268:
56:
4130:"Union workers build high-tech dental simulation laboratory for SIU dental school"
1892:
6365:
6310:
6171:
6156:
6139:
6079:
6074:
6018:
5996:
5693:
5639:
5619:
4827:
4729:
4586:
4448:
4443:
3843:
3823:
3803:
3567:
3232:
3090:
2962:
2197:
1936:
1919:
1675:
1630:
1474:
1450:
1360:
1216:
1201:
1140:
1047:
1043:
764:
725:
711:
320:
3878:"A pioneering history: dentistry and the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh"
2874:"Analysis of Neanderthal teeth marks uncovers evidence of prehistoric dentistry"
888:– The gathering and use of dental evidence in law. This may be performed by any
6197:
6151:
5964:
5894:
5713:
4458:
4438:
4433:
4400:
4365:
4350:
3356:
3128:
2439:
2339:
2127:. National Institute of Health (NIH). Archived from the original on 15 May 2017
1781:
1684:
1558:
1505:
1470:
1387:
1250:
1220:
1172:
1056:– The field of dentistry applied to the care of animals. It is a specialty of
993:
979:
958:
929:
678:
657:
588:
498:
470:
435:
3805:
Pierre Fauchard (1678–1761): The First Dental Surgeon, His Work, His Actuality
2478:
1540:
After Fauchard, the study of dentistry rapidly expanded. Two important books,
441:
Dental treatments are carried out by a dental team, which often consists of a
6390:
6280:
6069:
6064:
5926:
5866:
5769:
4895:
4624:
4413:
4385:
4219:
4176:
4023:
3190:
3024:
2971:
2929:
2538:
2325:
2031:
1622:
1517:
1482:
1424:
1224:
1208:
1196:
1187:
944:
914:– The study and radiologic interpretation of oral and maxillofacial diseases.
795:
694:
690:
592:
222:
3956:
Merrel, HB (1992). "Noise pollution and hearing loss in the dental office".
6285:
6270:
6096:
5821:
5671:
5656:
5602:
4699:
4613:
4345:
4335:
4227:
4184:
4080:
4032:
3988:
3470:
3279:
3109:
3032:
2989:
2546:
2530:
2496:
2447:
2412:
2385:
2277:
2250:
2215:
2050:
1306:
1286:
1274:
1212:
1132:
1127:
987:
963:
861:
830:
670:
653:
490:
466:
403:
353:
345:
172:
64:
4115:
3602:
3240:
3046:
1945:
6144:
6089:
5986:
5841:
5816:
5634:
4842:
4749:
4576:
4315:
3839:
3003:
Coppa, A.; et al. (2006). "Early Neolithic tradition of dentistry".
1340:
1333:
1298:
1254:
1240:
1148:
1123:
1119:
1101:
955:
952:
879:
867:
767:
686:
482:
427:
399:
383:
375:
152:
3198:
2921:
1789:
1440:
pub. 1690) made an early dental observation with characteristic humour:
1378:
941:– The art and science of replacing extracted teeth with dental implants.
521:(study of blood) to avoid bleeding complications during dental surgery,
6232:
6117:
6084:
5856:
5806:
5791:
5786:
5779:
5764:
5754:
4817:
4739:
4734:
4714:
3461:
2913:
1458:
1372:
1325:
1294:
1244:
1183:
783:
664:
Dentists also encourage the prevention of oral diseases through proper
638:
522:
518:
160:
140:
2206:
1167:
and dates from 6500 years ago. Dentistry was practised in prehistoric
6305:
6047:
6042:
5906:
5884:
5759:
5723:
4764:
4724:
4684:
4674:
4093:
1785:
1644:
1356:
1344:
1278:
1270:
1258:
1152:
1136:
514:
509:
which could also affect the oral cavity. Other practices relevant to
395:
387:
263:
164:
3589:
Bjørklund G (1989). "The history of dental amalgam (in Norwegian)".
3211:
3016:
1375:
which, in turn, was replaced by modern forceps in the 19th century.
1351:
usually limited their practice to extracting teeth which alleviated
1316:
Dentistry was discussed in several famous books of medicine such as
854:– Focuses on improving the appearance of the mouth, teeth and smile.
330:
5811:
5588:
4689:
3801:
2183:
1588:
1321:
1164:
1144:
1093:
1020:
674:
642:
630:
506:
494:
419:
394:, disorders, and conditions of the mouth, most commonly focused on
391:
371:
245:
168:
3501:. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 14.1.
1489:, and also suggested that tumors surrounding the teeth and in the
6290:
5750:
5718:
5611:
4864:
4055:"Occupational hygiene practices of dentists in southern Thailand"
1490:
1462:
1454:
1364:
1329:
1282:
1262:
1160:
1001:
889:
834:
665:
442:
411:
176:
156:
1648:
A dental chair at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry
1532:
1371:
up until the late 18th century. The pelican was replaced by the
1194:, Japan, and China. The legend of the worm is also found in the
1190:. Evidence of this belief has also been found in ancient India,
648:
4197:
1486:
1466:
1348:
1175:
lanced from the root of a tooth dating back to around 2500 BC.
760:
682:
502:
102:
A dentist treats a patient with the help of a dental assistant.
2295:. Vol. 2. St. Clair Shores: Somerset. pp. 1217–1218.
1277:
had likely borrowed this technique by the 5th century BC. The
1122:
society about 10,000 years ago correlated with an increase in
2894:
1596:
1521:
1509:
1478:
1191:
1168:
4268:
4004:"Occupational Health Problems in Modern Dentistry: A Review"
2166:(Report). National Institute of Health (NIH). Archived from
2095:"American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry | Dental CE Courses"
1469:, that he thought could be used in dentistry. He introduced
52:
5557:
3063:
2942:
1525:
1513:
1500:
Panoramic radiograph of historic dental implants, made 1978
1352:
560:
379:
3514:"History of Dentures from Beginning to Early 19th Century"
3011:(7085). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 755–756.
2551:
The 1879 register is referred to as the "Dental Register".
935:
Oral biology – Research in dental and craniofacial biology
731:
John M. Harris started the world's first dental school in
517:
of the mouth to inspect teeth deformity or oral malaises,
398:(the development and arrangement of teeth) as well as the
197:
Knowledge of human health, disease, pathology, and anatomy
3266:
Blomstedt, P. (2013). "Dental surgery in ancient Egypt".
3002:
763:
dental schools may recommend the removal of asymptomatic
599:(gum disease or pyorrhea). Common treatments involve the
4242:
3821:
2794:
1386:
designed by Fauchard in the late 17th century to use in
1363:
most probably invented the dental pelican (resembling a
1204:
still promoted the belief that worms cause tooth decay.
3376:
3374:
2768:
2425:
2398:
2363:
1633:
in the 1990s. It is part of the larger movement toward
3177:
TOWNEND, B. R. (1944). "The Story of the Tooth-Worm".
3066:"Beeswax as Dental Filling on a Neolithic Human Tooth"
2946:"Beeswax as Dental Filling on a Neolithic Human Tooth"
1960:"When barbers were surgeons and surgeons were barbers"
1860:"Glossary of Dental Clinical and Administrative Terms"
1821:
5386:
Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry
3615:
773:
In the United Kingdom, the first dental schools, the
3371:
2094:
1665:
473:) institutions (prisons, armed forces bases, etc.).
402:. Dentistry may also encompass other aspects of the
3214:"Historical Perspectives of Oral Biology: A Series"
2015:"Primary care in dentistry – an untapped potential"
1920:"Historical perspectives of oral biology: a series"
864:
and social health policies relevant to oral health.
465:). Most dentists either work in private practices (
4823:North Thames Regional Cleft Lip and Palate Service
3542:(6th ed.). Thames & Hudson. p. 449.
2593:
689:is associated with an increased risk of diabetes,
4813:Craniofacial Society of Great Britain and Ireland
2844:"Oldest Dentistry Found in 14,000-Year-Old Tooth"
2713:"Anesthesiology recognized as a dental specialty"
2565:"The story of dentistry: Dental History Timeline"
2119:
2117:
2115:
1652:
1625:and the Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group at
1493:could appear in the later stages of tooth decay.
1200:, and as late as the 14th century AD the surgeon
47:contains too many pictures for its overall length
6388:
3439:
3412:"History of Dentistry Research Page, Newsletter"
2145:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
747:, established in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1845. The
2596:"Banning Clerks, Colliers and other Charlatans"
2236:
1546:Practical Treatise on the Diseases of the Teeth
1399:Royal Commission on the National Health Service
986:) – The study and treatment of diseases of the
4654:
3802:André Besombes; Phillipe de Gaillande (1993).
2559:
2557:
2112:
1572:
1413:A microscopic device used in dental analysis,
5573:
4880:
4640:
4284:
4212:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2008.72.2_suppl.tb04480.x
3817:
3815:
3265:
3221:Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine
3212:Suddick Richard P., Harris Norman O. (1990).
2745:. FDI World Dental Federation. Archived from
2263:
2008:
2006:
1924:Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine
1917:
1593:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
1147:(now in Pakistan's south western province of
1019:or patients born with an underdeveloped ear (
724:Early dental chair in Pioneer West Museum in
3838:
3738:
3711:
3684:
3540:Archaeology: Theories, Methods, and Practice
3435:
3433:
3261:
3259:
3257:
5411:Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry
4096:Journal of the American Medical Association
3797:
3795:
3664:. Jefferson, N.C.: Mcfarland. p. 152.
3588:
3537:
2554:
2508:
2506:
2019:Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
1606:
390:, prevention, management, and treatment of
5862:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
5580:
5566:
4887:
4873:
4647:
4633:
4291:
4277:
4247:Association for Dental Education in Europe
3812:
3485:
3064:Bernardini, Federico; et al. (2012).
2012:
2003:
1822:Neil Costley; Jo Fawcett (November 2010).
1548:(1778), were published by British surgeon
932:, and surgery of the jaws, mouth and face.
755:accepted a bid to incorporate the school.
700:
6203:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
5426:Australian and New Zealand dental schools
4240:
4070:
4022:
3460:
3430:
3254:
3099:
3089:
3047:"Dig uncovers ancient roots of dentistry"
2979:
2961:
2902:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
2486:
2205:
2040:
2030:
1935:
1011:Some prosthodontists super-specialize in
489:, as well as systematic diseases such as
78:Learn how and when to remove this message
4773:Hearing loss with craniofacial syndromes
4567:Index of oral health and dental articles
4336:Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics
3875:
3792:
3659:
3566:. Dentaltreatment.org.uk. Archived from
2876:. The University of Kansas. 28 June 2017
2818:"How our ancestors drilled rotten teeth"
2624:"History of Dental Surgery in Edinburgh"
2503:
2463:"Dentistry and the University of London"
2161:Dental Enamel Defects and Celiac Disease
1643:
1531:
1495:
1408:
1377:
1092:
1074:
824:
719:
710:
647:
339:
51:Relevant discussion may be found on the
4169:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2012.76.1.tb05231.x
4154:
3940:
3564:"Dental Treatment in the Ancient Times"
3176:
3148:"History of Dentistry: Ancient Origins"
2512:
2460:
2378:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2008.72.1.tb04456.x
2310:. New York: The New Press. p. 70.
1833:/George Street Research. Archived from
14:
6389:
4052:
4001:
3974:
3955:
3491:
3322:
2815:
2631:Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
2594:J Menzies Campbell (8 February 1955).
2344:Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine
1171:, as evidenced by a skull which had a
749:Philadelphia College of Dental Surgery
5561:
4868:
4628:
4495:Canadian Association of Orthodontists
4475:American Association of Orthodontists
4272:
3768:Royal Commission on the NHS Chapter 9
3618:International Journal of Anthropology
2065:"What is the burden of oral disease?"
1887:
1885:
6341:
6102:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
4572:Outline of dentistry and oral health
3634:
3124:"700 years added to Malta's history"
2305:
2290:
685:. Many studies have also shown that
61:indiscriminate collections of images
31:
6351:
4042:from the original on 27 April 2019.
3538:Renfrew, Colin; Bahn, Paul (2012).
3268:Journal of the History of Dentistry
3179:Bulletin of the History of Medicine
3136:from the original on 16 March 2018.
2461:Gelbier, Stanley (1 October 2005).
1404:
1367:'s beak) which was used to perform
741:Baltimore College of Dental Surgery
575:
24:
6238:Medical Scientist Training Program
4894:
4072:10.1002/j.1875-595x.2001.tb00811.x
3505:
2816:Barras, Colin (29 February 2016).
2293:Dictionary of Ohio Historic Places
1893:"Stone age man used dentist drill"
1882:
200:Communication/Interpersonal Skills
25:
6408:
4264:
3822:Bernhard Wolf Weinberger (1941).
3511:
1579:Occupational hazards in dentistry
1243:reveals early attempts at dental
1042:Sports dentistry – the branch of
1008:and the restoration of implants.
194:Sub-Millimeter Surgical Dexterity
6370:
6360:
6350:
6340:
6331:
6330:
4808:Cleft Lip and Palate Association
4500:Dental Technologists Association
4485:British Dental Health Foundation
4326:Oral and maxillofacial radiology
4321:Oral and maxillofacial pathology
4108:10.1001/jama.1992.03490170092032
1918:Suddick, RP; Harris, NO (1990).
1668:
1269:and dentures was applied by the
912:Oral and maxillofacial radiology
906:Oral and maxillofacial pathology
96:
69:Manual of Style on use of images
36:
6371:
5396:Guy's, King's & St Thomas's
5249:Defunct American dental schools
4838:Shriners Hospitals for Children
4833:Overseas Plastic Surgery Appeal
4234:
4191:
4148:
4122:
4087:
4046:
3995:
3968:
3949:
3934:
3916:
3898:
3885:History of Dentistry Newsletter
3869:
3848:. Transworld. pp. 223–24.
3832:
3759:
3732:
3705:
3678:
3653:
3628:
3609:
3582:
3556:
3531:
3404:
3349:
3316:
3286:
3205:
3170:
3140:
3116:
3057:
3039:
2996:
2936:
2888:
2866:
2836:
2809:
2783:
2761:
2735:
2705:
2680:
2644:
2616:
2587:
2454:
2419:
2392:
2357:
2332:
2299:
2284:
2257:
2230:
2177:
2153:
2087:
1795:
1788:(as do surgeons in the UK, see
1723:Dentistry in the United Kingdom
1328:who is considered the greatest
775:London School of Dental Surgery
410:. The practitioner is called a
6228:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
5662:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
5175:Southern Illinois–Edwardsville
4695:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
4331:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
3876:Dingwall, Helen (April 2004).
3442:"The use of gold in dentistry"
2850:. 16 July 2015. Archived from
2652:"Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.)"
2057:
1978:
1952:
1911:
1852:
1815:
1773:
1728:Dentistry in the United States
1653:Ethical and medicolegal issues
1542:Natural History of Human Teeth
947:– The clinical evaluation and
918:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
814:
745:Ohio College of Dental Surgery
707:Dentistry throughout the world
607:or surgical removal of teeth,
533:The term dentistry comes from
528:
432:oral and maxillofacial surgery
13:
1:
4298:
3887:. No. 14. Archived from
3414:. Rcpsg.ac.uk. Archived from
3357:"Medicine in Ancient Egypt 3"
2688:"Canadian Dental Association"
2291:Owen, Lorrie K., ed. (1999).
2125:"Diagnosis of Celiac Disease"
1808:
1434:
1414:
1355:and associated chronic tooth
1118:societies, but the advent of
1105:
1083:
1035:) – Dentistry for those with
878:and study of diseases of the
635:medications used in the field
63:or adjusting images that are
6208:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
5975:Neurosurgical anesthesiology
5587:
5416:UCL Eastman Dental Institute
5170:Southern California (Ostrow)
4848:Transforming Faces Worldwide
4783:Popliteal pterygium syndrome
4592:History of dental treatments
4059:International Dental Journal
3906:"Noise-Induced Hearing Loss"
3662:A history of the Middle East
3492:Becker, Marshall J. (1999).
3294:"Ancient Egyptian Dentistry"
3233:10.1177/10454411900010020301
3091:10.1371/journal.pone.0044904
2963:10.1371/journal.pone.0044904
2771:. Avdc.org. 29 November 2009
2198:10.1097/MCG.0b013e318074dd98
1937:10.1177/10454411900010020301
1745:List of dental organizations
1713:Dentistry in the Philippines
1504:Fauchard was the pioneer of
1071:History of dental treatments
739:. The first dental college,
561:
386:. It consists of the study,
7:
5489:South Korean dental schools
4798:National and international
4755:Speech and language therapy
4490:British Orthodontic Society
4200:Journal of Dental Education
4157:Journal of Dental Education
3325:"History of Dentistry 2001"
3152:American Dental Association
2793:. Evdc.info. Archived from
1864:American Dental Association
1661:
1573:Hazards in modern dentistry
1305:were first documented in a
751:followed in 1852. In 1907,
10:
6413:
4656:Cleft lip and cleft palate
4480:British Dental Association
3828:. Pierre Fauchard Academy.
3808:. Pierre Fauchard Academy.
3660:Friedman, Saul S. (2006).
2569:British Dental Association
2440:10.1016/j.joms.2006.09.002
2272:(3): 204–09, quiz 210–11.
1610:
1585:noise-induced hearing loss
1576:
1068:
1064:
1039:and acquired disabilities.
976:) – Dentistry for children
829:A modern dental clinic in
818:
782:, formed in 1880 with Sir
780:British Dental Association
704:
550:
537:, which comes from French
6326:
6248:
6186:
5947:
5875:
5830:
5739:
5610:
5595:
5487:
5424:
5371:
5310:
5247:
5214:Texas Tech–El Paso (Hunt)
4902:
4796:
4763:
4662:
4559:
4523:
4510:Indian Dental Association
4467:
4399:
4306:
3977:Journal of Dental Hygiene
3440:Donaldson, J. A. (1980).
2479:10.1017/s0025727300009157
1703:Dentistry in ancient Rome
1013:maxillofacial prosthetics
809:Doctor of Dental Medicine
582:World Health Organization
469:), dental hospitals, or (
327:
313:
297:
254:
228:
216:
187:
182:
146:
134:
112:
107:
95:
6162:Transplantation medicine
6053:Clinical neurophysiology
5970:Obstetric anesthesiology
5890:Interventional radiology
5650:Digestive system surgery
5449:Charles Sturt University
4670:Advance practice nursing
4429:Scaling and root planing
4024:10.2486/indhealth.45.611
3958:Dental Assisting Journal
2032:10.4103/2249-4863.152239
1766:
1639:evidence-based practices
1619:Evidence-based dentistry
1613:Evidence-based dentistry
1607:Evidence-based dentistry
1536:A modern dentist's chair
805:Doctor of Dental Surgery
609:scaling and root planing
511:evidence-based dentistry
478:evidence-based dentistry
6033:Intensive care medicine
6007:Mass gathering medicine
5852:Maternal–fetal medicine
5311:Canadian dental schools
5076:Nebraska–Medical Center
4904:American dental schools
4515:National Health Service
1635:evidence-based medicine
1114:Tooth decay was low in
1089:. History of Dentistry.
1029:Special needs dentistry
882:and periapical tissues.
701:Education and licensing
476:The modern movement of
408:temporomandibular joint
209:Empathy/Professionalism
67:in accordance with the
5625:Cardiothoracic surgery
5373:British dental schools
5031:LSU Health–New Orleans
4853:Smile Angel Foundation
4788:Van der Woude syndrome
4705:Orthodontic technology
4604:Infant oral mutilation
4505:General Dental Council
4241:Carrrassi, A. (2019).
3591:Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen
3382:"History Of Dentistry"
3298:University of Oklahoma
2531:10.1038/sj.bdj.4812875
2519:British Dental Journal
2428:J Oral Maxillofac Surg
1831:General Dental Council
1735:Eco-friendly dentistry
1649:
1537:
1501:
1447:
1420:
1390:
1111:
1090:
1033:special care dentistry
837:
788:General Dental Council
728:
717:
661:
406:complex including the
356:
6276:Personalized medicine
6135:Reproductive medicine
6060:Occupational medicine
6014:Evolutionary medicine
5203:UT Health–San Antonio
4778:Pierre Robin syndrome
4376:Restorative dentistry
4053:Leggat, P.A. (2001).
4002:Leggat, P.A. (2007).
3842:(30 September 2010).
3386:Complete Dental Guide
2820:. BBC. Archived from
1755:Sustainable dentistry
1699:Domestic healthcare:
1647:
1567:Francis Brodie Imlach
1535:
1516:. He also introduced
1499:
1485:were responsible for
1442:
1412:
1381:
1318:The Canon in medicine
1098:Farmer at the dentist
1096:
1078:
828:
821:Specialty (dentistry)
723:
714:
651:
343:
6296:Traditional medicine
6256:Alternative medicine
6123:Addiction psychiatry
5937:Transfusion medicine
5932:Medical microbiology
5847:Gynecologic oncology
5699:Reproductive surgery
5297:Pennsylvania College
5071:Missouri–Kansas City
4946:Case Western Reserve
4663:Related specialities
4356:Dental public health
3639:. Psychology Press.
3635:Meri, Josef (2005).
3359:. Arabworldbooks.com
3250:on 18 December 2007.
2723:on 21 September 2019
2513:Gelbier, S. (2005).
2186:J Clin Gastroenterol
1760:Veterinary dentistry
1695:Dental public health
1481:-derived acids like
1430:A Letter to a Friend
1163:, was discovered in
1054:Veterinary dentistry
1017:cleft lip and palate
998:prosthetic dentistry
858:Dental public health
601:restoration of teeth
242:Primary care clinics
57:improve this article
6318:History of medicine
6301:Veterinary medicine
6108:Preventive medicine
5960:Adolescent medicine
5802:Infectious diseases
5479:University of Otago
5454:Griffith University
5262:Fairleigh Dickinson
4745:Respiratory therapy
4720:Pediatric dentistry
4454:Socket preservation
4386:Dental traumatology
4381:Forensic odontology
4371:Geriatric dentistry
4366:Dental implantology
4341:Pediatric dentistry
3894:on 1 February 2013.
3771:. HMSO. July 1979.
3323:Wilwerding, Terry.
3304:on 26 December 2007
3082:2012PLoSO...744904B
2797:on 5 September 2018
2306:Mary, Otto (2017).
2013:Gambhir RS (2015).
1750:Pediatric dentistry
1740:Geriatric dentistry
1718:Dentistry in Israel
1708:Dentistry in Canada
1627:McMaster University
1477:. He asserted that
1449:The French surgeon
1229:Edwin Smith Papyrus
1058:veterinary medicine
970:Pediatric dentistry
896:Geriatric dentistry
886:Forensic odontology
597:periodontal disease
370:, is the branch of
92:
6266:Molecular oncology
6223:Doctor of Medicine
6213:Master of Medicine
6130:Radiation oncology
6002:Emergency medicine
5955:Addiction medicine
5922:Clinical chemistry
5917:Clinical pathology
5709:Transplant surgery
5667:Orthopedic surgery
5645:Colorectal surgery
5041:Maryland–Baltimore
4927:Boston U (Goldman)
4582:Dental instruments
4419:Root canal therapy
4391:Holistic dentistry
4361:Cosmetic dentistry
4206:(2 Suppl): 53–60.
3739:Gregory Ribitzky.
3712:Gregory Ribitzky.
3693:on 25 January 2020
3685:Gregory Ribitzky.
3597:(34–36): 3582–85.
3570:on 1 December 2009
3462:10.1007/BF03216551
3337:on 3 November 2014
2914:10.1002/ajpa.23216
2749:on 23 October 2020
2743:"Sports dentistry"
2601:The Glasgow Herald
1650:
1538:
1502:
1421:
1391:
1384:needle-nose pliers
1369:dental extractions
1324:and Al-Tasreef by
1314:Islamic Golden Age
1186:" as the cause of
1182:text describes a "
1112:
1091:
876:Root canal therapy
852:Cosmetic dentistry
838:
729:
718:
662:
617:cosmetic dentistry
595:(tooth decay) and
459:dental technicians
447:dental auxiliaries
357:
285:dental specialists
218:Education required
90:
27:Branch of medicine
6384:
6383:
6218:Master of Surgery
6182:
6181:
6167:Tropical medicine
6113:Prison healthcare
6028:Hospital medicine
5992:Disaster medicine
5982:Aviation medicine
5797:Hospital medicine
5704:Surgical oncology
5689:Pediatric surgery
5683:
5630:Endocrine surgery
5555:
5554:
5474:Western Australia
5199:UT Health–Houston
5185:Temple (Kornberg)
4862:
4861:
4765:Related syndromes
4622:
4621:
4409:Dental extraction
4134:The Labor Tribune
4102:(17): 2420–2425.
4011:Industrial Health
3912:. 18 August 2015.
3855:978-1-4090-4462-8
3778:978-0-10-176150-5
3646:978-0-415-96690-0
3549:978-0-500-28976-1
3132:. 16 March 2018.
2848:Discovery Channel
2668:on 9 January 2017
2317:978-1-62097-144-4
1690:Dental instrument
1554:tooth transplants
1506:dental prosthesis
1473:as treatment for
1237:ancient Egyptians
1233:Code of Hammurabi
939:Oral Implantology
753:Temple University
571:
559:
463:dental therapists
455:dental hygienists
451:dental assistants
424:medical specialty
338:
337:
293:
292:
274:dental technician
239:Private practices
206:Critical Thinking
203:Analytical Skills
88:
87:
80:
16:(Redirected from
6404:
6374:
6373:
6364:
6354:
6353:
6344:
6343:
6334:
6333:
6038:Medical genetics
6023:General practice
5900:Nuclear medicine
5775:Gastroenterology
5731:Vascular surgery
5681:
5608:
5607:
5582:
5575:
5568:
5559:
5558:
5323:British Columbia
5135:Pacific (Dugoni)
5081:Nevada–Las Vegas
4996:Illinois–Chicago
4889:
4882:
4875:
4866:
4865:
4649:
4642:
4635:
4626:
4625:
4609:Mouth assessment
4424:Root end surgery
4293:
4286:
4279:
4270:
4269:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4195:
4189:
4188:
4152:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4141:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4091:
4085:
4084:
4074:
4050:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4026:
4008:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3972:
3966:
3965:
3953:
3947:
3946:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3882:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3819:
3810:
3809:
3799:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3743:. Archived from
3736:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3716:. Archived from
3709:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3689:. Archived from
3682:
3676:
3675:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3632:
3626:
3625:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3560:
3554:
3553:
3535:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3464:
3446:
3437:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3418:on 28 April 2015
3408:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3388:. Archived from
3378:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3336:
3330:. Archived from
3329:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3300:. Archived from
3290:
3284:
3283:
3263:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3243:. Archived from
3218:
3209:
3203:
3202:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3154:. Archived from
3144:
3138:
3137:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3103:
3093:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2983:
2965:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2739:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2719:. Archived from
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2667:
2661:. Archived from
2656:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2628:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2571:. Archived from
2561:
2552:
2550:
2510:
2501:
2500:
2490:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2401:J Isr Dent Assoc
2396:
2390:
2389:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2209:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2173:on 5 March 2016.
2172:
2165:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2144:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2121:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2071:. Archived from
2061:
2055:
2054:
2044:
2034:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1939:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1889:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1866:. Archived from
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1839:
1828:
1819:
1802:
1799:
1793:
1777:
1678:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1439:
1436:
1419:
1416:
1405:Modern dentistry
1291:Cornelius Celsus
1116:pre-agricultural
1110:
1107:
1088:
1085:
733:Bainbridge, Ohio
576:Dental treatment
566:
564:
554:
552:
362:, also known as
350:dental assistant
331:edit on Wikidata
323:
295:
294:
279:dental hygienist
269:dental assistant
148:Activity sectors
100:
93:
89:
83:
76:
72:
65:sandwiching text
40:
39:
32:
21:
6412:
6411:
6407:
6406:
6405:
6403:
6402:
6401:
6387:
6386:
6385:
6380:
6322:
6311:Chief physician
6244:
6189:
6178:
6172:Travel medicine
6157:Sports medicine
6140:Sexual medicine
6080:Palliative care
6075:Pain management
6019:Family medicine
5997:Diving medicine
5943:
5871:
5833:
5826:
5742:
5735:
5694:Plastic surgery
5640:General surgery
5620:Cardiac surgery
5601:
5599:
5591:
5586:
5556:
5551:
5517:Gangneung-Wonju
5483:
5420:
5367:
5306:
5243:
4898:
4893:
4863:
4858:
4828:Operation Smile
4799:
4792:
4759:
4730:Plastic surgery
4658:
4653:
4623:
4618:
4587:Dental material
4555:
4519:
4463:
4449:Tooth bleaching
4444:Tooth polishing
4395:
4302:
4297:
4267:
4262:
4261:
4251:
4249:
4239:
4235:
4196:
4192:
4153:
4149:
4139:
4137:
4136:. 17 March 2014
4128:
4127:
4123:
4092:
4088:
4051:
4047:
4039:
4006:
4000:
3996:
3973:
3969:
3954:
3950:
3939:
3935:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3891:
3880:
3874:
3870:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3837:
3833:
3820:
3813:
3800:
3793:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3750:
3748:
3747:on 23 June 2018
3737:
3733:
3723:
3721:
3720:on 23 June 2018
3710:
3706:
3696:
3694:
3683:
3679:
3672:
3658:
3654:
3647:
3633:
3629:
3614:
3610:
3587:
3583:
3573:
3571:
3562:
3561:
3557:
3550:
3536:
3532:
3522:
3520:
3512:Malik, Ursman.
3510:
3506:
3498:
3490:
3486:
3444:
3438:
3431:
3421:
3419:
3410:
3409:
3405:
3395:
3393:
3392:on 14 July 2016
3380:
3379:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3327:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3264:
3255:
3247:
3216:
3210:
3206:
3175:
3171:
3161:
3159:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3062:
3058:
3053:. 5 April 2006.
3045:
3044:
3040:
3017:10.1038/440755a
3001:
2997:
2941:
2937:
2893:
2889:
2879:
2877:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2857:
2855:
2854:on 18 July 2015
2842:
2841:
2837:
2827:
2825:
2814:
2810:
2800:
2798:
2791:"EVDC web site"
2789:
2788:
2784:
2774:
2772:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2752:
2750:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2726:
2724:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2696:
2694:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2654:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2635:
2633:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2607:
2605:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2576:
2575:on 9 March 2012
2563:
2562:
2555:
2511:
2504:
2467:Medical History
2459:
2455:
2424:
2420:
2397:
2393:
2362:
2358:
2348:
2346:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2318:
2304:
2300:
2289:
2285:
2262:
2258:
2235:
2231:
2182:
2178:
2170:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2138:
2137:
2130:
2128:
2123:
2122:
2113:
2103:
2101:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2078:
2076:
2075:on 30 June 2004
2063:
2062:
2058:
2011:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1969:
1967:
1966:. 15 April 2015
1958:
1957:
1953:
1916:
1912:
1902:
1900:
1891:
1890:
1883:
1873:
1871:
1870:on 6 March 2016
1858:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1840:on 4 March 2016
1837:
1826:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1782:barber surgeons
1778:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1676:Medicine portal
1674:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1655:
1631:Ontario, Canada
1615:
1609:
1581:
1575:
1559:internal organs
1475:dental cavities
1471:dental fillings
1451:Pierre Fauchard
1437:
1417:
1407:
1361:Guy de Chauliac
1303:dental amalgams
1301:. The earliest
1289:medical writer
1217:Brugsch Papyrus
1202:Guy de Chauliac
1108:
1086:
1073:
1067:
1048:Sports Medicine
1044:sports medicine
860:– The study of
823:
817:
726:Shamrock, Texas
709:
703:
629:), prosthetic (
615:treatment, and
578:
531:
436:barber surgeons
374:focused on the
364:dental medicine
334:
319:
289:
257:
250:
233:
231:
219:
212:
149:
137:
136:Occupation type
130:
103:
84:
73:
50:
41:
37:
28:
23:
22:
18:Dental medicine
15:
12:
11:
5:
6410:
6400:
6399:
6382:
6381:
6379:
6378:
6368:
6358:
6348:
6338:
6327:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6314:
6313:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6252:
6250:
6249:Related topics
6246:
6245:
6243:
6242:
6241:
6240:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6198:Medical school
6194:
6192:
6184:
6183:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6176:
6175:
6174:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6152:Sleep medicine
6149:
6148:
6147:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6126:
6125:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6099:
6094:
6093:
6092:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6056:
6055:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6016:
6011:
6010:
6009:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5978:
5977:
5972:
5965:Anesthesiology
5962:
5957:
5951:
5949:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5940:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5904:
5903:
5902:
5897:
5895:Neuroradiology
5892:
5881:
5879:
5873:
5872:
5870:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5838:
5836:
5832:Obstetrics and
5828:
5827:
5825:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5783:
5782:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5747:
5745:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5733:
5728:
5727:
5726:
5716:
5714:Trauma surgery
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5685:
5684:
5677:Otolaryngology
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5653:
5652:
5647:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5616:
5614:
5605:
5603:subspecialties
5593:
5592:
5585:
5584:
5577:
5570:
5562:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5493:
5491:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5430:
5428:
5422:
5421:
5419:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5377:
5375:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5307:
5305:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5253:
5251:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5165:South Carolina
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5110:North Carolina
5107:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4908:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4896:Dental schools
4892:
4891:
4884:
4877:
4869:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4804:
4802:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4769:
4767:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4710:Otolaryngology
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4659:
4652:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4629:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4548:
4546:United Kingdom
4543:
4538:
4533:
4527:
4525:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4471:
4469:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4459:Dental implant
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4439:Dental bonding
4436:
4434:Teeth cleaning
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4405:
4403:
4401:Dental surgery
4397:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4351:Prosthodontics
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4312:
4310:
4304:
4303:
4296:
4295:
4288:
4281:
4273:
4266:
4265:External links
4263:
4260:
4259:
4233:
4190:
4147:
4121:
4086:
4045:
3994:
3967:
3948:
3933:
3915:
3897:
3868:
3854:
3831:
3811:
3791:
3777:
3758:
3731:
3704:
3677:
3670:
3652:
3645:
3627:
3608:
3581:
3555:
3548:
3530:
3504:
3484:
3455:(3): 117–124.
3429:
3403:
3370:
3348:
3315:
3285:
3253:
3204:
3169:
3158:on 5 July 2007
3139:
3129:Times of Malta
3115:
3056:
3038:
2995:
2935:
2908:(3): 446–461.
2887:
2865:
2835:
2824:on 19 May 2017
2808:
2782:
2760:
2734:
2704:
2679:
2643:
2615:
2586:
2553:
2525:(7): 470–473.
2502:
2473:(4): 445–462.
2453:
2418:
2391:
2356:
2331:
2316:
2298:
2283:
2256:
2229:
2176:
2152:
2111:
2086:
2056:
2002:
1990:Etymonline.com
1977:
1964:Radio National
1951:
1910:
1899:. 6 April 2006
1881:
1851:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1794:
1790:Surgeon#Titles
1771:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1685:Dental aerosol
1681:
1680:
1679:
1663:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1611:Main article:
1608:
1605:
1577:Main article:
1574:
1571:
1406:
1403:
1388:prosthodontics
1221:Hearst papyrus
1173:dental abscess
1157:dental filling
1109: 1616–17
1066:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1051:
1040:
1026:
1025:
1024:
994:Prosthodontics
991:
980:Periodontology
977:
967:
961:
942:
936:
933:
915:
909:
903:
893:
883:
865:
855:
849:
846:Anesthesiology
819:Main article:
816:
813:
796:Dental degrees
705:Main article:
702:
699:
679:celiac disease
658:celiac disease
577:
574:
530:
527:
499:celiac disease
471:secondary care
336:
335:
328:
325:
324:
317:
311:
310:
301:
291:
290:
288:
287:
281:
276:
271:
266:
260:
258:
255:
252:
251:
249:
248:
243:
240:
236:
234:
229:
226:
225:
220:
217:
214:
213:
211:
210:
207:
204:
201:
198:
195:
191:
189:
185:
184:
180:
179:
150:
147:
144:
143:
138:
135:
132:
131:
127:
126:
123:
122:Dental Surgeon
120:
116:
114:
110:
109:
105:
104:
101:
86:
85:
44:
42:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6409:
6398:
6395:
6394:
6392:
6377:
6369:
6367:
6363:
6359:
6357:
6349:
6347:
6339:
6337:
6329:
6328:
6325:
6319:
6316:
6312:
6309:
6308:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6281:Public health
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6261:Allied health
6259:
6257:
6254:
6253:
6251:
6247:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6195:
6193:
6191:
6185:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6146:
6143:
6142:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6124:
6121:
6120:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6091:
6088:
6087:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6070:Oral medicine
6068:
6066:
6065:Ophthalmology
6063:
6061:
6058:
6054:
6051:
6050:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6008:
6005:
6004:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5967:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5952:
5950:
5946:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5927:Cytopathology
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5909:
5908:
5905:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5887:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5878:
5874:
5868:
5867:Urogynecology
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5835:
5829:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5770:Endocrinology
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5752:
5749:
5748:
5746:
5744:
5738:
5732:
5729:
5725:
5722:
5721:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5680:
5679:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5613:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5598:
5594:
5590:
5583:
5578:
5576:
5571:
5569:
5564:
5563:
5560:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5490:
5486:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5427:
5423:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5374:
5370:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5313:
5309:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5240:
5239:West Virginia
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5209:Texas A&M
5207:
5204:
5200:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5105:
5101:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4976:East Carolina
4974:
4972:
4971:Detroit Mercy
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4922:Augusta (DCG)
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4890:
4885:
4883:
4878:
4876:
4871:
4870:
4867:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4801:
4800:organisations
4795:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4762:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4661:
4657:
4650:
4645:
4643:
4638:
4636:
4631:
4630:
4627:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4598:
4595:
4594:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4552:
4551:United States
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4522:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4468:Organisations
4466:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4414:Tooth filling
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4301:
4294:
4289:
4287:
4282:
4280:
4275:
4274:
4271:
4248:
4244:
4237:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4201:
4194:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4151:
4135:
4131:
4125:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4090:
4082:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4049:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4017:(5): 611–21.
4016:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3990:
3986:
3983:(4): 262–69.
3982:
3978:
3971:
3963:
3959:
3952:
3944:
3937:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3890:
3886:
3879:
3872:
3857:
3851:
3847:
3846:
3845:The Knife Man
3841:
3835:
3827:
3826:
3818:
3816:
3807:
3806:
3798:
3796:
3780:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3762:
3746:
3742:
3735:
3719:
3715:
3708:
3692:
3688:
3681:
3673:
3667:
3663:
3656:
3648:
3642:
3638:
3631:
3623:
3619:
3612:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3585:
3569:
3565:
3559:
3551:
3545:
3541:
3534:
3519:
3515:
3508:
3497:
3496:
3488:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3449:Gold Bulletin
3443:
3436:
3434:
3417:
3413:
3407:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3377:
3375:
3358:
3352:
3333:
3326:
3319:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3281:
3277:
3274:(3): 129–42.
3273:
3269:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3227:(2): 135–51.
3226:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3173:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3143:
3135:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3119:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3076:(9): e44904.
3075:
3071:
3067:
3060:
3052:
3048:
3042:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2956:(9): e44904.
2955:
2951:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2891:
2875:
2869:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2839:
2823:
2819:
2812:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2770:
2764:
2748:
2744:
2738:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2664:
2660:
2653:
2647:
2632:
2625:
2619:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2590:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2558:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2509:
2507:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2457:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2434:(4): 658–62.
2433:
2429:
2422:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2395:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2360:
2345:
2341:
2335:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2309:
2302:
2294:
2287:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2260:
2252:
2248:
2245:(3): 222–29.
2244:
2240:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2192:(3): 224–32.
2191:
2187:
2180:
2169:
2162:
2156:
2148:
2142:
2126:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2100:
2096:
2090:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2060:
2052:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2009:
2007:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1965:
1961:
1955:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1930:(2): 135–51.
1929:
1925:
1921:
1914:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1886:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1855:
1836:
1832:
1825:
1818:
1814:
1798:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1776:
1772:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1666:
1659:
1646:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1623:Gordon Guyatt
1620:
1614:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1570:
1568:
1562:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1518:dental braces
1515:
1511:
1507:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1483:tartaric acid
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1446:
1441:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1425:Thomas Browne
1411:
1402:
1400:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1251:Ancient Greek
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1225:Ancient Egypt
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1209:Ebers Papyrus
1205:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1197:Homeric Hymns
1193:
1189:
1188:dental caries
1185:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1037:developmental
1034:
1031:(also called
1030:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
996:(also called
995:
992:
989:
985:
982:(also called
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945:Oral medicine
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872:endodontology
870:(also called
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593:dental caries
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589:oral diseases
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6286:Rural health
6271:Nanomedicine
5822:Rheumatology
5753: /
5672:Hand surgery
5657:Neurosurgery
5353:Saskatchewan
5292:Oral Roberts
5287:Ohio College
5282:Northwestern
4700:Orthodontics
4679:
4614:Oral hygiene
4597:Ancient Rome
4346:Periodontics
4299:
4250:. Retrieved
4246:
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2059:
2025:(1): 13–18.
2022:
2018:
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1989:
1980:
1970:10 September
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1963:
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1927:
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1487:dental decay
1448:
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1338:
1311:
1307:Tang dynasty
1249:
1241:Greco-Romans
1213:Kahun Papyri
1206:
1195:
1177:
1133:Indus valley
1128:Neanderthals
1113:
1097:
1079:
1032:
997:
988:periodontium
984:periodontics
983:
973:
964:Orthodontics
922:oral surgery
921:
900:geriodontics
899:
871:
862:epidemiology
839:
831:Lappeenranta
815:Specialties
807:" (DDS) or "
801:
792:
772:
757:
730:
671:osteoporosis
663:
654:tetracycline
620:
586:
579:
542:
538:
534:
532:
491:osteoporosis
475:
467:primary care
440:
416:
404:craniofacial
367:
363:
359:
358:
354:wisdom tooth
346:oral surgeon
256:Related jobs
188:Competencies
173:Pharmacology
128:
74:
59:by removing
46:
29:
6356:Wikiproject
6145:Venereology
6090:Neonatology
5987:Dermatology
5842:Gynaecology
5834:gynaecology
5817:Pulmonology
5635:Eye surgery
5597:Specialties
5150:Puerto Rico
5104:Stony Brook
5086:New England
5066:Mississippi
4961:Connecticut
4843:Smile Train
4750:Social work
4577:Dental fear
4536:Philippines
4316:Endodontics
4308:Specialties
3308:15 December
2769:"AVDC Home"
2717:www.ada.org
2636:11 December
2604:. p. 3
2366:J Dent Educ
1986:"dentistry"
1587:(NIHL) and
1550:John Hunter
1544:(1771) and
1459:watchmakers
1438: 1656
1418: 1907
1341:Middle Ages
1334:Middle Ages
1320:written by
1312:During the
1299:astringents
1279:Phoenicians
1255:Hippocrates
1245:prosthetics
1178:An ancient
1149:Balochistan
1124:tooth decay
1102:Johann Liss
1087: 1790
974:pedodontics
926:Extractions
880:dental pulp
868:Endodontics
768:third molar
687:gum disease
639:antibiotics
529:Terminology
519:haematology
483:tooth decay
428:stomatology
400:oral mucosa
352:removing a
183:Description
153:Health care
6118:Psychiatry
6104:(PM&R)
6097:Phlebology
6085:Pediatrics
5912:Anatomical
5877:Diagnostic
5857:Obstetrics
5807:Nephrology
5792:Hematology
5787:Geriatrics
5780:Hepatology
5765:Cardiology
5755:Immunology
5469:Queensland
5459:James Cook
5267:Georgetown
5229:Washington
5120:Ohio State
5056:Midwestern
5026:Louisville
5021:Loma Linda
4932:California
4818:Interplast
4740:Psychology
4735:Psychiatry
4715:Pediatrics
4524:By country
4252:21 October
3714:"Toothkey"
3671:0786451343
3341:3 November
2697:21 October
2692:cda-adc.ca
2659:Purdue.edu
2349:13 January
2268:(Review).
2241:(Review).
2207:10447/1671
2188:(Review).
2104:21 October
2021:(Review).
1874:1 February
1844:11 January
1829:(Report).
1809:References
1786:physicians
1784:more than
1637:and other
1373:dental key
1345:physicians
1326:Al-Zahrawi
1295:emollients
1184:tooth worm
1159:, made of
1153:bow drills
1069:See also:
784:John Tomes
613:root canal
605:extraction
591:which are
543:odontology
523:cardiology
232:employment
161:Physiology
141:Profession
108:Occupation
6397:Dentistry
6306:Physician
6190:education
6048:Neurology
6043:Narcology
5907:Pathology
5885:Radiology
5760:Angiology
5724:Andrology
5527:Kyungpook
5522:Kyung Hee
5439:Melbourne
5406:Newcastle
5401:Liverpool
5328:Dalhousie
5190:Tennessee
5155:Rochester
5061:Minnesota
5036:Marquette
5016:Lake Erie
4966:Creighton
4725:Physician
4685:Dietetics
4680:Dentistry
4675:Audiology
4300:Dentistry
4220:0022-0337
4177:1930-7837
3964:(3): 6–9.
3741:"Forceps"
3687:"Pelican"
3479:137571298
3191:0007-5140
3162:9 January
3025:0028-0836
2972:1932-6203
2930:0002-9483
2539:1476-5373
2340:"History"
2326:958458166
2224:205776755
1465:and even
1357:infection
1271:Etruscans
1259:Aristotle
1253:scholars
1141:Neolithic
1137:Stone Age
949:diagnosis
643:sedatives
556:romanized
515:radiology
449:(such as
396:dentition
388:diagnosis
360:Dentistry
264:Physician
246:Hospitals
230:Fields of
165:Pathology
91:Dentistry
55:. Please
53:talk page
6391:Category
6336:Category
5812:Oncology
5743:medicine
5741:Internal
5589:Medicine
5542:Wonkwang
5464:La Trobe
5444:Adelaide
5381:Aberdeen
5348:Montréal
5338:Manitoba
5234:WesternU
5125:Oklahoma
5051:Michigan
5011:Kentucky
4956:Columbia
4951:Colorado
4690:Genetics
4560:See also
4228:18250379
4185:22262547
4081:11326443
4037:Archived
4033:18057804
3989:12592917
3928:Osha.gov
3574:18 April
3518:Exhibits
3471:11614516
3363:18 April
3280:24665522
3199:44442797
3134:Archived
3110:23028670
3070:PLOS ONE
3051:NBC News
3033:16598247
2990:23028670
2950:PLOS ONE
2801:18 April
2775:18 April
2727:12 March
2547:16215593
2497:16562330
2448:17368360
2413:16886872
2386:18172239
2278:20478800
2266:Gen Dent
2251:20478802
2239:Gen Dent
2216:18223505
2141:cite web
2099:aacd.com
2051:25810982
1897:BBC News
1662:See also
1589:tinnitus
1463:jewelers
1322:Avicenna
1180:Sumerian
1165:Slovenia
1145:Mehrgarh
1143:site of
1021:microtia
1002:Dentures
959:diseases
930:implants
765:impacted
675:diabetes
637:such as
631:dentures
539:dentiste
513:include
507:HIV/AIDS
495:diabetes
420:medicine
392:diseases
372:medicine
299:ICD-9-CM
283:various
169:Medicine
6376:Outline
6346:Commons
6291:Therapy
6188:Medical
5751:Allergy
5719:Urology
5612:Surgery
5512:Dankook
5502:Chonnam
5497:Chonbuk
5391:Glasgow
5363:Western
5358:Toronto
5318:Alberta
5160:Rutgers
5100:Buffalo
5046:Meharry
5001:Indiana
4986:Harvard
4981:Florida
4917:Arizona
4855:(China)
4116:1404801
3861:8 March
3751:23 June
3724:23 June
3697:23 June
3603:2694433
3396:29 June
3241:2129621
3101:3446997
3078:Bibcode
2981:3446997
2858:21 July
2828:1 March
2753:13 July
2608:5 April
2579:2 March
2488:1251639
2042:4366984
1946:2129621
1467:barbers
1455:surgeon
1427:in his
1382:Dental
1365:pelican
1349:Barbers
1332:of the
1330:surgeon
1283:Hesy-Ra
1267:bridges
1263:forceps
1161:beeswax
1120:farming
1065:History
1006:bridges
956:mucosal
890:dentist
835:Finland
761:Israeli
666:hygiene
627:bridges
570:
558::
535:dentist
443:dentist
412:dentist
321:D003813
177:Surgery
157:Anatomy
119:Dentist
6366:Portal
6233:MD–PhD
5547:Yonsei
5507:Chosun
5434:Sydney
5343:McGill
5302:Wash U
5277:Loyola
5272:Harris
5130:Oregon
4991:Howard
4541:Israel
4531:Canada
4226:
4218:
4183:
4175:
4114:
4079:
4031:
3987:
3852:
3784:19 May
3775:
3668:
3643:
3601:
3546:
3477:
3469:
3422:9 June
3278:
3239:
3197:
3189:
3108:
3098:
3031:
3023:
3005:Nature
2988:
2978:
2970:
2928:
2880:1 July
2672:17 May
2545:
2537:
2495:
2485:
2446:
2411:
2384:
2324:
2314:
2276:
2249:
2222:
2214:
2131:6 June
2079:6 June
2049:
2039:
1995:17 May
1944:
1903:24 May
1565:year,
1275:Romans
1227:. The
1219:, and
1139:. The
693:, and
683:cancer
623:crowns
545:(from
505:, and
503:cancer
461:, and
382:, and
125:Doctor
5948:Other
5537:Seoul
5532:Pusan
5333:Laval
5257:Emory
5219:Tufts
5195:Texas
5180:Touro
4040:(PDF)
4007:(PDF)
3910:NIDCD
3892:(PDF)
3881:(PDF)
3523:3 May
3499:(PDF)
3475:S2CID
3445:(PDF)
3335:(PDF)
3328:(PDF)
3248:(PDF)
3217:(PDF)
3195:JSTOR
2666:(PDF)
2655:(PDF)
2627:(PDF)
2220:S2CID
2171:(PDF)
2164:(PDF)
1838:(PDF)
1827:(PDF)
1767:Notes
1597:NIOSH
1522:linen
1510:ivory
1479:sugar
1287:Roman
1192:Egypt
1169:Malta
1050:Team.
562:odoĂşs
551:ὀδούς
384:mouth
376:teeth
329:[
113:Names
5145:Pitt
5140:Penn
5115:Nova
5096:SUNY
5006:Iowa
4940:UCSF
4936:UCLA
4254:2019
4224:PMID
4216:ISSN
4181:PMID
4173:ISSN
4142:2021
4112:PMID
4077:PMID
4029:PMID
3985:PMID
3863:2012
3850:ISBN
3786:2015
3773:ISBN
3753:2018
3726:2018
3699:2018
3666:ISBN
3641:ISBN
3599:PMID
3576:2010
3544:ISBN
3525:2023
3467:PMID
3424:2014
3398:2016
3365:2010
3343:2014
3310:2007
3276:PMID
3237:PMID
3187:ISSN
3164:2007
3106:PMID
3029:PMID
3021:ISSN
2986:PMID
2968:ISSN
2926:ISSN
2882:2017
2860:2015
2830:2016
2803:2010
2777:2010
2755:2020
2729:2019
2699:2019
2674:2018
2638:2007
2610:2017
2581:2010
2543:PMID
2535:ISSN
2493:PMID
2444:PMID
2409:PMID
2382:PMID
2351:2016
2322:OCLC
2312:ISBN
2274:PMID
2247:PMID
2212:PMID
2147:link
2133:2017
2106:2019
2081:2017
2047:PMID
1997:2018
1972:2021
1942:PMID
1905:2010
1876:2014
1846:2017
1526:silk
1514:bone
1491:gums
1353:pain
1297:and
1257:and
1239:and
1000:) –
953:oral
924:) –
874:) –
716:bone
568:lit.
485:and
445:and
380:gums
366:and
348:and
315:MeSH
5682:ENT
5600:and
5224:VCU
5091:NYU
4912:UAB
4208:doi
4165:doi
4104:doi
4100:268
4067:doi
4019:doi
3943:RDH
3595:109
3457:doi
3229:doi
3096:PMC
3086:doi
3013:doi
3009:440
2976:PMC
2958:doi
2918:hdl
2910:doi
2906:163
2527:doi
2523:199
2483:PMC
2475:doi
2436:doi
2374:doi
2202:hdl
2194:doi
2069:WHO
2037:PMC
2027:doi
1932:doi
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1512:or
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