1876:
1274:
606:
800:
1792:
203:
476:
386:
2618:
3200:
919:
169:
1323:
176:
907:
25:
1506:
1315:
of Berg shows a red lion with a double tail and blue crown, tongue, and claws – blazoned as: Argent a lion rampant gules, queue fourchée crossed in saltire, armed, langued, and crowned azure. This lion originates from the arms of the Duke of
Limburg as the Berg title in the 13th century fell to the
649:
caused the properties to pass to the husband of the female heir (women could not hold property except through a husband or a guardian). With the death of her father in 1511 the Dukes of Jülich-Berg became extinct, and the estate thus came under the rule of John III, Duke of Cleves — along with his
866:, King of Holland) became the Grand Duke of Berg; French bureaucrats administered the territory in the name of the child. The Grand Duchy's short existence came to an end with Napoleon's defeat in 1813 and the peace settlements that followed.
745:
During the 30 Years' War, even though there were no significant battles around Berg, the territories still had to deal with the stresses of war. At the end of the 30 Years' War, Wolfgang
Wilhelm tried to spread Catholicism in the duchies. The
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2241:
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2485:
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202:
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1419:
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2168:
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2505:
997:
3554:
1788:
2125:
1766:
773:
disliked DĂĽsseldorf, because the estates there did not want to grant the funds he demanded. As such, he moved his capital from DĂĽsseldorf to
747:
3564:
3455:
1698:
1213:
727:
1693:
1178:
692:
1548:
1367:
The German episcopacy and the implementation of the decrees of the Fourth
Lateran Council : 1216–1245 : watchmen on the tower
3185:
1125:
1100:
3524:
3519:
751:
3549:
1446:"SEHEPUNKTE - Rezension von: Der Dreißigjährige Krieg im Herzogtum Berg und in seinen Nachbarregionen - Ausgabe 3 (2003), Nr. 7/8"
1157:
663:
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389:
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712:
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1688:
1172:
681:
1816:
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89:
3559:
1796:
1718:
1713:
1237:
778:
770:
208:
1471:
Encyclopædia
Britannica: or, A dictionary of arts, sciences, and miscellaneous literature, enlarged and improved, Volume 3
558:, which returned to the possession of the family line in the 16th century. The most powerful of the early rulers of Berg,
61:
2752:
1487:
Napoleon's decree in his quality of Grand Duke of Berg in
Intelligenz-Nachrichten, June 24, 1809 (Stück XXV), pp. 341–342
754:, still claimed the Duchy of Berg, and declared war, claiming to be the defender of protestants in Berg. This led to the
1673:
1137:
3343:
3129:
2332:
1915:
1516:
1429:
1402:
1375:
605:
1678:
1143:
626:
3544:
2429:
1469:
1273:
1231:
1219:
108:
68:
3534:
887:
799:
3504:
3423:
2885:
2342:
1708:
1703:
1225:
1844:
512:
696:
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1723:
1541:
1510:
1243:
891:
594:
75:
46:
42:
1839:
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3109:
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2800:
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2381:
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1131:
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762:
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1829:
57:
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1006:
168:
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1299:
304:
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3358:
3348:
3275:
3235:
2873:
2691:
2529:
2497:
1862:
1599:
1322:
936:
758:. In the following years however, tension over Berg between Neuburg and Brandenburg greatly decreased.
3315:
2665:
3499:
2980:
2900:
1614:
1534:
1035:
816:
3310:
2566:
175:
3260:
2838:
2831:
2660:
2478:
1895:
1824:
1683:
1339:
1166:
859:
618:
3290:
1604:
1589:
1249:
955:
563:
231:
35:
1910:
511:. It existed as a distinct political entity from the early 12th to the 19th centuries. It was a
385:
3599:
3494:
3386:
3363:
3255:
2895:
2826:
2276:
2150:
2104:
949:
843:. The anchor and the batons came to the party due to Murat's positions as Grand Admiral and as
815:
The French occupation (1794–1801) and annexation (1801) of Jülich (French: Juliers) during the
667:
1365:
3300:
3270:
3099:
3028:
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2848:
2821:
2686:
2639:
2322:
2212:
2193:
2099:
2065:
2057:
1957:
1392:
1024:
844:
782:
671:
597:
elevated the counts of Berg to the rank of dukes, thus originating the Duchy of JĂĽlich-Berg.
551:, and in the 11th century became the most powerful dynasty in the region of the lower Rhine.
755:
3280:
3265:
3240:
3124:
3104:
2890:
2880:
2727:
2722:
2587:
2582:
2446:
2291:
2188:
2163:
1609:
1115:
1020:
879:
739:
731:
638:
634:
559:
82:
1879:
The Lower
Rhenish–Westphalian Circle (red) within the Holy Roman Empire (white) after 1548
675:
8:
3250:
3064:
3054:
2732:
2655:
2401:
2354:
2301:
2266:
2236:
2198:
2145:
1987:
1834:
1733:
1268:
1048:
923:
832:
794:
579:
562:
died in an assassination on
November 7, 1225. In 1280 the counts moved their court from
819:
separated the two duchies of JĂĽlich and Berg, and in 1803 Berg separated from the other
3402:
3333:
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3175:
3114:
3074:
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2474:
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2031:
1979:
1663:
1644:
1624:
1204:
1196:
1062:
883:
875:
848:
704:
685:
575:
469:
400:
287:
3170:
1962:
1192:
708:
630:
590:
360:
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3295:
3165:
3147:
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3089:
3079:
3049:
3012:
2714:
2561:
2470:
2454:
2217:
2158:
2135:
2049:
1997:
1800:
1629:
1619:
1584:
1425:
1398:
1371:
1344:
1068:
1055:
983:
828:
646:
622:
516:
261:
3044:
2868:
2337:
2120:
1634:
1579:
1557:
1517:
Lwl.org: Edicts of Jülich, Cleves, Berg, Grand Duchy Berg, 1475–1815 (Coll. Scotti)
1074:
1013:
990:
976:
735:
700:
2783:
827:. In 1806, in the reorganization of the German lands occasioned by the end of the
3418:
3180:
2993:
2984:
2907:
2858:
2773:
2768:
2603:
2466:
2438:
2112:
2094:
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1992:
1948:
1574:
1253:
1031:
969:
863:
840:
808:
716:
655:
523:
377:
251:
136:
2737:
2442:
2203:
2130:
2089:
1952:
1565:
940:
911:
895:
855:
766:
554:
In 1160, the territory split into two portions, one of them later becoming the
373:
347:
150:
1445:
3488:
3470:
3457:
3285:
2853:
2843:
2778:
2747:
2002:
1905:
1875:
1808:
1742:
1521:
1287:
1278:
918:
836:
651:
555:
804:
571:
508:
237:
3199:
1925:
1887:
1312:
268:
193:
742:. During his reign, DĂĽsseldorf served as his center of court on occasion.
543:
The Counts of Berg emerged in 1101 as a junior line of the dynasty of the
3396:
3157:
3139:
2742:
1920:
1900:
1397:(New full ed.). Collegeville (Minn.): Liturgical Press. p. 56.
944:
824:
548:
456:
334:
321:
2527:
684:
was the second duke of the united Julich-Cleves-Berg. He introduced the
2036:
906:
854:
In 1809, one year after Murat's promotion from Grand Duke of Berg to
691:
However, the new ducal dynasty also became extinct in 1609, when the
642:
500:
24:
3211:
2790:
2541:
2391:
2386:
2073:
2044:
1971:
1943:
1526:
1293:
1118:(except 1404–1437) and after 1423 in union with the duchy of Jülich
774:
583:
1935:
839:. Murat's arms combined the red lion of Berg with the arms of the
662:) in a personal union. As a result of this union the dukes of the
3305:
3222:
3022:
3004:
2409:
2396:
820:
761:
Upon the extinction of the senior
Wittelsbach dynasty ruling the
593:
united with the County of Berg in 1348, and in 1380 the
Emperor
544:
504:
3410:
1505:
567:
186:
of
Bergins (from around 1225), who ruled the Duchy of Berg last
823:
territories and came under the rule of a junior branch of the
522:
The name of the county lives on in the modern geographic term
3433:
3325:
3036:
2246:
1522:
Hoeckmann.de: Historical Map of Northrhine-Westphalia in 1789
496:
2183:
2016:
2012:
788:
589:
The power of Berg grew further in the 14th century. The
3515:
Former states and territories of North Rhine-Westphalia
1250:
William of Palatinate-ZweibrĂĽcken-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
851:, Murat also had the right to use the imperial eagle.
1080:
1107:
670:, with the exception of the clerical states of the
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3590:1815 disestablishments in the German Confederation
1390:
869:
547:, which traced its roots back to the 9th-century
3486:
910:Map of the Duchy of Berg by French cartographer
777:, where it remained until the Elector Palatine,
835:, under the rule of Napoleon's brother-in-law,
730:, became duke. He was a member of the powerful
1184:
629:, who became heiress to her father's estates:
3580:1100s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
3575:States and territories disestablished in 1815
2961:
2513:
1774:
1542:
211:around 1560, Duchy of Berg highlighted in red
862:(1804–1831, elder son of Napoleon's brother
707:, who had converted to Catholicism, annexed
128:
1149:
769:and generally made DĂĽsseldorf its capital.
728:Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg
142:
3570:States and territories established in 1101
2968:
2954:
2520:
2506:
1781:
1767:
1549:
1535:
201:
16:State of the Holy Roman Empire (1101–1815)
3595:1815 disestablishments in the Netherlands
3204:Europe at the height of Napoleon's Empire
1424:. Lightning Source UK Ltd. p. 1030.
1302:(under the regency of Napoléon Bonaparte)
600:
495:was a state—originally a county, later a
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
3530:States of the Confederation of the Rhine
1874:
1272:
917:
905:
890:. In 1822 this province united with the
798:
765:in 1685, the Neuburg line inherited the
711:and Berg; while Cleves and Mark fell to
604:
3555:Early modern history of the Netherlands
3487:
1417:
1363:
847:. As the husband of Napoleon's sister
789:French revolution, Grand Duchy of Berg
713:John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg
699:to the various territories before the
2949:
2501:
1762:
1530:
1411:
1384:
1357:
1262:
1556:
1490:. Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum.
1474:. Google e-books. 1823. p. 570.
1158:United Duchies of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
664:United Duchies of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
611:United Duchies of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
3565:Medieval history of the Netherlands
1391:Butler, Alban; Burns, Paul (2000).
1370:. Leiden u.a.: Brill. p. 210.
1041:
1034:, heiress of Berg, marries in 1217
930:
722:
13:
1421:The English Cyclopaedia: Geography
1081:House of JĂĽlich(-Heimbach), Counts
858:, Napoleon's young nephew, Prince
578:fought on the winning side in the
14:
3611:
1498:
1108:House of JĂĽlich(-Heimbach), Dukes
962:
901:
189:
183:
3525:Duchies of the Holy Roman Empire
3520:Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle
3198:
2616:
1797:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle
1790:
1504:
1321:
1281:as Grand Duke of Berg and Cleves
811:. The palace burnt down in 1872.
474:
449:
384:
209:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle
174:
167:
23:
3550:Early modern history of Germany
1306:
1058:Count of Limburg, Count of Berg
715:, who subsequently also became
697:lengthy dispute over succession
666:controlled much of present-day
627:William IV, Duke of JĂĽlich-Berg
621:, made a strategic marriage to
34:needs additional citations for
1478:
1462:
1438:
1051:Duke of Limburg, Count of Berg
979:-Hövel (Huvili), Count of Berg
892:Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine
888:Province of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
870:Province of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
1:
3585:1101 establishments in Europe
1350:
1394:Butler's Lives of the Saints
1201:Electorate of the Palatinate
763:Electorate of the Palatinate
405:Electorate of the Palatinate
7:
3560:Medieval history of Germany
1333:
1185:House of Wittelsbach, Dukes
807:, 1798 copper engraving by
771:Elector Charles III Philipp
695:died insane. This led to a
144:Graafschap (Hertogdom) Berg
130:Grafschaft (Herzogtum) Berg
10:
3616:
3236:Confederation of the Rhine
2530:Confederation of the Rhine
2242:Blankenheim and Gerolstein
1266:
1199:, from 1690 also with the
792:
650:personal territories, the
533:
416:• Awarded to Prussia
3432:
3409:
3395:
3372:
3324:
3221:
3210:
3196:
3156:
3138:
3035:
3021:
3003:
2992:
2920:
2814:
2761:
2713:
2704:
2674:
2648:
2632:
2625:
2614:
2596:
2575:
2549:
2537:
2451:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
2418:
2367:
2313:
2229:
2024:
2011:
1934:
1886:
1872:
1807:
1732:
1653:
1564:
1036:Henry IV, Duke of Limburg
817:French revolutionary wars
705:Count Palatine of Neuburg
538:
526:, often misunderstood as
428:
424:
414:
397:
370:
357:
344:
331:
327:
317:
313:
298:
281:
277:
267:
257:
247:
224:
216:
200:
164:
159:
123:
3545:History of the Rhineland
1418:Knight, Charles (2012).
1364:Pixton, Paul B. (1995).
1340:List of consorts of Berg
1300:Napoléon Louis Bonaparte
1156:from 1521 a part of the
1150:House of La Marck, Dukes
1087:in union with Ravensberg
878:, Berg became part of a
860:Napoleon Louis Bonaparte
619:John III, Duke of Cleves
305:Napoléon Louis Bonaparte
3505:House of Limburg-Stirum
3291:Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck
2486:Unencircled territories
1328:Heraldic shield of arms
956:Adolf II of Lotharingia
1880:
1282:
1203:, from 1777 also with
950:Adolf I of Lotharingia
927:
915:
812:
748:Elector of Brandenburg
668:North Rhine-Westphalia
614:
601:Problems of succession
549:Kingdom of Lotharingia
333:• Emergence from
143:
129:
125:County (Duchy) of Berg
3540:History of Gelderland
3535:History of DĂĽsseldorf
1878:
1276:
1103:; became duke in 1380
1025:Archbishop of Cologne
921:
909:
845:Marshal of the Empire
802:
783:Electorate of Bavaria
672:Archbishop of Cologne
608:
570:river to the town of
248:Common languages
3471:51.20722°N 6.81250°E
2981:French Revolutionary
2801:Mecklenburg-Strelitz
2796:Mecklenburg-Schwerin
1513:at Wikimedia Commons
1021:Engelbert II of Berg
937:Hermann I "Pusillus"
803:The ducal palace at
740:Electoral Palatinate
732:House of Wittelsbach
639:County of Ravensberg
560:Engelbert II of Berg
43:improve this article
3467: /
3186:Swiss Confederation
2465:Circles est. 1512:
2437:Circles est. 1500:
1799:(1500–1806) of the
1734:Grand Duchy of Berg
1269:Grand Duchy of Berg
972:, 1st Count of Berg
924:Grand Duchy of Berg
874:In 1815, after the
833:Grand Duchy of Berg
795:Grand Duchy of Berg
580:Battle of Worringen
399:• United with
372:• United with
359:• United with
3344:Lucca and Piombino
2433:
2426:
2422:
2179:Salm-Reifferscheid
1881:
1294:Napoléon Bonaparte
1283:
1263:French Grand Dukes
1197:Palatinate-Neuburg
928:
916:
884:Kingdom of Prussia
876:Congress of Vienna
849:Caroline Bonaparte
831:, Berg became the
813:
756:DĂĽsseldorf Cow War
688:into the duchies.
686:Gregorian Calendar
652:County of the Mark
641:, which under the
615:
576:Adolf VIII of Berg
556:County of the Mark
507:. Its capital was
470:Kingdom of Prussia
401:Palatinate-Neuburg
346:• Split with
3476:51.20722; 6.81250
3450:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3349:Massa and Carrara
3194:
3193:
2943:
2942:
2916:
2915:
2700:
2699:
2612:
2611:
2495:
2494:
2479:Electoral Rhenish
2435:status uncertain
2406:
2363:
2362:
2306:
2222:
2155:
2140:
2117:
2109:
2086:
2078:
2070:
2062:
2054:
2041:
1998:Nassau-Dillenburg
1984:
1976:
1867:
1859:
1821:
1801:Holy Roman Empire
1756:
1755:
1724:Maximilian Joseph
1509:Media related to
1450:www.sehepunkte.de
1345:Aachen fine cloth
1226:Johann Wilhelm II
829:Holy Roman Empire
752:Frederick Wilhelm
701:partition of 1614
676:Bishop of MĂĽnster
647:Holy Roman Empire
623:Maria von Geldern
530:(hilly country).
517:Holy Roman Empire
490:
489:
486:
485:
482:
481:
462:
461:
309:
300:• 1809-1813
294:
283:• 1360–1380
262:Absolute monarchy
119:
118:
111:
93:
3607:
3500:House of Limburg
3482:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3468:
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3464:
3463:
3460:
3219:
3218:
3205:
3202:
3001:
3000:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2947:
2946:
2886:Schaumburg-Lippe
2711:
2710:
2630:
2629:
2620:
2547:
2546:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2499:
2498:
2434:
2428:without seat in
2427:
2423:
2404:
2304:
2272:Kerpen-Lommersum
2220:
2153:
2138:
2115:
2107:
2084:
2076:
2068:
2060:
2052:
2039:
2022:
2021:
1982:
1974:
1916:Stavelot–Malmedy
1865:
1857:
1819:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1783:
1776:
1769:
1760:
1759:
1719:Charles Theodore
1699:Wolfgang William
1558:Monarchs of Berg
1551:
1544:
1537:
1528:
1527:
1508:
1492:
1491:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1361:
1325:
1277:Coat of arms of
1244:Maximilian Josef
1214:Wolfgang Wilhelm
1179:Johann Wilhelm I
1042:House of Limburg
1027:, Regent of Berg
993:, Count of Berg
977:Adolf II of Berg
931:House of Ezzonen
781:, inherited the
779:Charles Theodore
723:Wittelsbach Rule
682:William the Rich
591:County of JĂĽlich
478:
477:
466:
465:
453:
452:
446:
445:
430:
429:
388:
361:County of JĂĽlich
307:
293:
290:
205:
178:
171:
154:
146:
140:
132:
121:
120:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3485:
3484:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3466:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3442:
3428:
3405:
3391:
3368:
3320:
3214:
3206:
3203:
3190:
3152:
3134:
3031:
3017:
2995:
2988:
2985:Napoleonic Wars
2974:
2944:
2939:
2912:
2810:
2757:
2753:Weimar-Eisenach
2728:Gotha-Altenburg
2723:Coburg-Saalfeld
2706:
2696:
2670:
2644:
2621:
2608:
2592:
2571:
2539:
2533:
2526:
2496:
2491:
2490:
2432:
2425:
2421:
2414:
2359:
2315:
2309:
2225:
2007:
1930:
1882:
1870:
1803:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1757:
1752:
1728:
1709:John William II
1649:
1560:
1555:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1454:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1432:
1416:
1412:
1405:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1336:
1329:
1326:
1309:
1271:
1265:
1256:(administrator)
1254:Duke in Bavaria
1220:Phillip Wilhelm
1187:
1152:
1110:
1083:
1044:
1016:, Count of Berg
1009:, Count of Berg
1000:, Count of Berg
986:, Count of Berg
970:Adolf I of Berg
965:
958:, Vogt of Deutz
952:, Vogt of Deutz
933:
904:
872:
864:Louis Bonaparte
841:duchy of Cleves
809:Laurenz Janscha
797:
791:
725:
717:Duke of Prussia
656:Duchy of Cleves
603:
541:
536:
524:Bergisches Land
475:
450:
417:
407:
392:
380:
378:Duchy of Cleves
363:
350:
337:
301:
291:
284:
243:
212:
196:
187:
180:
179:
172:
155:
148:
141:
134:
126:
115:
104:
98:
95:
58:"Duchy of Berg"
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3613:
3603:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3448:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3378:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3330:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3227:
3225:
3216:
3208:
3207:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3162:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3144:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3025:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3009:
3007:
2998:
2990:
2989:
2973:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2950:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2818:
2816:
2815:Principalities
2812:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2733:Hildburghausen
2730:
2725:
2719:
2717:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2675:Principalities
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2636:
2634:
2627:
2626:States created
2623:
2622:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2553:
2551:
2544:
2535:
2534:
2528:States of the
2525:
2524:
2517:
2510:
2502:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2482:
2462:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2330:
2325:
2319:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2215:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2148:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2133:
2128:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2055:
2047:
2042:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2019:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1977:
1969:
1960:
1955:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1911:KornelimĂĽnster
1908:
1903:
1898:
1892:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1860:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1813:
1811:
1809:Prince-bishops
1805:
1804:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1763:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1739:
1737:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1714:Charles Philip
1711:
1706:
1704:Philip William
1701:
1696:
1694:John William I
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1660:
1658:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1566:County of Berg
1562:
1561:
1554:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1500:
1499:External links
1497:
1494:
1493:
1477:
1461:
1437:
1431:978-1277123517
1430:
1410:
1404:978-0814623879
1403:
1383:
1377:978-9004102620
1376:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1320:
1316:Limburg line.
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1296:
1290:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1191:in union with
1186:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1169:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1140:
1134:
1128:
1114:in union with
1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1097:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1052:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1028:
1017:
1010:
1003:
1002:
1001:
987:
980:
973:
964:
963:House of Berge
961:
960:
959:
953:
947:
941:Count Palatine
932:
929:
912:Nicolas Sanson
903:
902:Rulers of Berg
900:
896:Rhine Province
871:
868:
856:King of Naples
793:Main article:
790:
787:
734:, which ruled
724:
721:
625:, daughter of
602:
599:
540:
537:
535:
532:
488:
487:
484:
483:
480:
479:
472:
463:
460:
459:
454:
442:
441:
436:
426:
425:
422:
421:
418:
415:
412:
411:
408:
398:
395:
394:
383:
381:
374:County of Mark
371:
368:
367:
364:
358:
355:
354:
351:
348:County of Mark
345:
342:
341:
338:
332:
329:
328:
325:
324:
319:
318:Historical era
315:
314:
311:
310:
302:
299:
296:
295:
285:
282:
279:
278:
275:
274:
271:
265:
264:
259:
255:
254:
249:
245:
244:
242:
241:
235:
228:
226:
222:
221:
218:
214:
213:
206:
198:
197:
181:
173:
166:
165:
162:
161:
157:
156:
127:
124:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3612:
3601:
3600:Duchy of Berg
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3495:House of Berg
3493:
3492:
3490:
3483:
3480:
3441:
3437:
3435:
3431:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3398:
3394:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3374:Mediterranean
3371:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3323:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3286:Salm-Horstmar
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3231:Aschaffenburg
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3201:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2991:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2977:Client states
2971:
2966:
2964:
2959:
2957:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2901:Sondershausen
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2849:Lippe-Detmold
2847:
2845:
2844:Liechtenstein
2842:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2762:Other duchies
2760:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2715:Saxon duchies
2712:
2709:
2703:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2682:Aschaffenburg
2680:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:Grand Duchies
2647:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2576:Grand Duchies
2574:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2538:Rank elevated
2536:
2531:
2523:
2518:
2516:
2511:
2509:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2487:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2459:(Lower) Saxon
2456:
2452:
2448:
2447:Upper Rhenish
2444:
2440:
2431:
2430:Imperial Diet
2417:
2411:
2408:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2312:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2083:
2080:
2075:
2072:
2067:
2064:
2059:
2056:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1978:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1888:Prince-abbots
1885:
1877:
1864:
1861:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1772:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:Duchy of Berg
1652:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1552:
1547:
1545:
1540:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1511:Duchy of Berg
1507:
1503:
1502:
1489:
1488:
1481:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1433:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1414:
1406:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1311:The historic
1301:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1288:Joachim Murat
1285:
1284:
1280:
1279:Joachim Murat
1275:
1270:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1180:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1145:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1121:
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837:Joachim Murat
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528:bergiges Land
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3452:
3125:Transpadania
2822:Hohenzollern
2705:Pre-existing
2450:
2436:
2405:(until 1648)
2305:(until 1548)
2221:(until 1548)
2169:Reichenstein
2154:(until 1548)
2139:(until 1664)
2116:(until 1541)
2108:(until 1546)
2105:Manderscheid
2085:(until 1614)
2077:(until 1548)
2069:(until 1548)
2061:(until 1667)
2053:(until 1548)
2040:(until 1719)
1983:(until 1548)
1975:(until 1548)
1966:
1866:(until 1648)
1858:(until 1548)
1820:(until 1678)
1654:
1610:Engelbert II
1486:
1480:
1470:
1464:
1453:. Retrieved
1449:
1440:
1420:
1413:
1393:
1386:
1366:
1359:
1313:coat of arms
1310:
1307:Coat of arms
1238:Karl Theodor
1232:Karl Phillip
1190:
1188:
1155:
1153:
1113:
1111:
1086:
1084:
996:c.1140-1148
894:to form the
873:
853:
825:Wittelsbachs
814:
760:
744:
726:
690:
680:
659:
616:
588:
564:Schloss Burg
553:
542:
527:
521:
513:member state
492:
491:
439:Succeeded by
438:
433:
308:(Grand Duke)
292:(first duke)
269:Duke of Berg
232:Schloss Burg
194:Duke of Berg
190:Coat of arms
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
3474: /
3397:Netherlands
3311:WĂĽrttemberg
3158:Switzerland
3140:Netherlands
3100:Parthenopea
2987:(1792–1815)
2891:Schwarzburg
2832:Sigmaringen
2567:WĂĽrttemberg
2532:(1806–1813)
2475:Upper Saxon
2424:until 1648
2350:Spiegelberg
2323:Delmenhorst
2194:Tecklenburg
2058:East Frisia
1958:East Frisia
1736:(1806–1813)
1689:William III
1657:(1380–1806)
1600:Engelbert I
1568:(1071–1380)
1173:William III
1007:Engelbert I
945:Lotharingia
674:and of the
613:around 1540
609:Map of the
457:Lotharingia
434:Preceded by
420:9 June 1815
335:Lotharingia
322:Middle Ages
240:(1280–1815)
234:(1101–1280)
207:Map of the
3489:Categories
3459:51°12′26″N
3359:Pontecorvo
3301:Westphalia
3276:Regensburg
3212:Napoleonic
3115:Subalpinia
3075:Cispadania
3070:Cisalpinia
2936:until 1811
2930:until 1809
2927:until 1810
2896:Rudolstadt
2869:Lobenstein
2692:Regensburg
2640:Westphalia
2471:Burgundian
2455:Franconian
2420:from 1648
2333:Schaumburg
2277:Myllendonk
2262:Hallermund
2189:Schaumburg
2164:Ravensberg
2151:Overijssel
2136:Dillenburg
2037:Bronkhorst
1679:William IV
1664:William II
1645:William II
1640:Gerhard VI
1625:Adolf VIII
1455:2024-08-24
1351:References
1298:1809–1813
1292:1808–1809
1286:1806–1808
1267:See also:
1248:1803–1806
1242:1799–1806
1236:1742–1799
1230:1716–1742
1224:1679–1716
1218:1653–1679
1212:1614–1653
1177:1592–1609
1171:1539–1592
1165:1511–1539
1144:Wilhelm II
1142:1475–1511
1136:1437–1475
1130:1408–1437
1124:1380–1408
1116:Ravensberg
1101:Wilhelm II
1099:1360–1380
1093:1348–1360
1073:1308–1348
1067:1296–1308
1063:Adolf VIII
1061:1259–1296
1054:1247–1259
1047:1218–1247
1030:1218–1248
1019:1218–1225
1012:1189–1218
1005:1160–1189
989:1132–1160
982:1093–1132
975:1082–1093
968:1077–1082
805:DĂĽsseldorf
767:Electorate
643:Salic laws
595:Wenceslaus
572:DĂĽsseldorf
509:DĂĽsseldorf
288:Wilhelm II
258:Government
238:DĂĽsseldorf
99:March 2013
69:newspapers
3462:6°48′45″E
3261:Frankfurt
3215:creations
3120:Tiberinia
2996:republics
2933:from 1809
2924:from 1810
2859:Ebersdorf
2827:Hechingen
2806:Oldenburg
2738:Meiningen
2661:Frankfurt
2355:Steinfurt
2316:uncertain
2287:Schleiden
2267:Holzappel
2257:Gronsfeld
2230:From 1792
2213:Beilstein
2209:Winneburg
2199:Virneburg
2146:Oldenburg
2066:Groningen
2025:From 1500
1980:Luxemburg
1850:Paderborn
1845:OsnabrĂĽck
1743:Joachim I
1674:Gerhard I
1630:William I
1620:Adolf VII
1585:Adolf III
1126:William I
1069:William I
1056:Adolf VII
984:Adolf III
785:in 1777.
693:last duke
617:In 1509,
586:in 1288.
501:Rhineland
160:1101–1815
3510:Ezzonids
3316:WĂĽrzburg
3176:Rauracia
3166:Helvetia
3105:Piedmont
3029:Connacht
2839:Isenburg
2791:Arenberg
2774:Bernburg
2748:Eisenach
2666:WĂĽrzburg
2633:Kingdoms
2550:Kingdoms
2542:Napoleon
2467:Austrian
2439:Bavarian
2392:Duisburg
2387:Dortmund
2328:Fagnolle
2292:Wickrath
2282:Reckheim
2174:Rietberg
2074:Guelders
2045:Diepholz
2032:Bentheim
1972:Guelders
1944:Arenberg
1684:John III
1635:Adolf IX
1605:Adolf VI
1590:Adolf IV
1580:Adolf II
1334:See also
1075:Adolf IX
1049:Henry IV
1014:Adolf VI
991:Adolf IV
926:in 1812.
914:in 1696.
880:province
821:Bavarian
775:Mannheim
738:and the
654:and the
637:and the
584:Guelders
582:against
574:. Count
499:—in the
403:and the
3403:Holland
3364:Tuscany
3334:Etruria
3306:Wetzlar
3246:Bavaria
3223:Germany
3171:Lemania
3148:Batavia
3090:Liguria
3065:Brescia
3060:Bologna
3055:Bergamo
3023:Ireland
3005:Germany
2979:of the
2908:Waldeck
2874:Schleiz
2597:Duchies
2557:Bavaria
2484:
2443:Swabian
2410:Warburg
2397:Herford
2382:Cologne
2302:Utrecht
2252:Gimborn
2218:Zutphen
2159:Pyrmont
2131:Hadamar
2050:Drenthe
1936:Secular
1906:Herford
1855:Utrecht
1840:MĂĽnster
1817:Cambrai
1748:Louis I
1615:Henry I
1595:Adolf V
1575:Adolf I
1205:Bavaria
1138:Gerhard
1095:Gerhard
1032:Irmgard
998:Adolf V
882:of the
736:Bavaria
645:of the
566:on the
545:Ezzonen
534:History
515:of the
505:Germany
225:Capital
192:of the
188:Right:
83:scholar
3424:Danzig
3419:Warsaw
3411:Poland
3354:Naples
3296:Saxony
3256:Erfurt
3181:Valais
3130:Venice
3050:Ancona
2994:Sister
2784:Köthen
2779:Dessau
2769:Anhalt
2743:Weimar
2707:states
2604:Nassau
2562:Saxony
2481:
2402:Verden
2377:Aachen
2369:Cities
2314:Status
2297:Wittem
2237:Anholt
2121:Nassau
2095:Lingen
2013:Counts
2003:Verden
1988:Minden
1963:JĂĽlich
1949:Cleves
1926:Werden
1896:Corvey
1863:Verden
1835:Minden
1825:Corvey
1428:
1401:
1374:
1193:JĂĽlich
1167:Johann
886:: the
709:JĂĽlich
703:: the
631:JĂĽlich
568:Wupper
539:Ascent
273:
252:German
217:Status
182:Left:
147:
137:German
133:
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
3440:Spain
3434:Spain
3387:Egypt
3382:Malta
3339:Italy
3326:Italy
3271:Leyen
3266:Hesse
3241:Baden
3095:Lucca
3085:Italy
3080:Crema
3037:Italy
3013:Mainz
2864:Greiz
2854:Reuss
2687:Leyen
2588:Hesse
2583:Baden
2343:Lippe
2338:Hesse
2247:Gemen
2113:Moers
2100:Lippe
2082:Horne
2017:Lords
1993:Moers
1951:with
1921:Thorn
1901:Essen
1830:Liège
1669:Adolf
1132:Adolf
660:Kleve
497:duchy
220:Duchy
151:Dutch
90:JSTOR
76:books
3281:Salm
3251:Berg
3110:Rome
3045:Alba
2983:and
2881:Salm
2656:Berg
2211:and
2204:Wied
2184:Sayn
2126:Diez
2090:Hoya
1967:Berg
1953:Mark
1426:ISBN
1399:ISBN
1372:ISBN
1195:und
922:The
635:Berg
493:Berg
393:1521
376:and
366:1348
353:1160
340:1101
184:Arms
62:news
2540:by
943:of
719:.
503:of
45:by
3491::
2477:,
2473:,
2469:,
2457:,
2453:,
2449:,
2445:,
2441:,
2015:/
1448:.
1252:,
1189:–
1161:–
1154:–
1120:–
1112:–
1089:–
1085:–
1023:,
939:,
898:.
750:,
678:.
633:,
519:.
2969:e
2962:t
2955:v
2521:e
2514:t
2507:v
1965:–
1782:e
1775:t
1768:v
1550:e
1543:t
1536:v
1458:.
1434:.
1407:.
1380:.
1207:–
658:(
390:→
153:)
149:(
139:)
135:(
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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