917:
571:
middle meningeal artery is a direct branch from the maxillary artery and enter the cranial cavity through the foramen spinosum and then divides into anterior (which runs usually in vertical direction across the pterion) and posterior (which runs posterosuperiorly) branches, while the accessory meningeal arteries (which are branches from the maxillary artery) enter the skull through foramen ovale and supply area between the two foramina, and the in posterior cranial fossa the dura mater has numerous blood supply from different possible arteries:
865:
877:
893:
905:
853:
594:
510:
41:
29:
1381:
327:
570:
This depends upon the area of the cranial cavity: in the anterior cranial fossa the anterior meningeal artery (branch from the ethmoidal artery) is responsible for blood supply, in the middle cranial fossa the middle meningeal artery and some accessory arteries are responsible for blood supply, the
494:
is the smallest dural infolding and is a circular sheet of dura that is suspended between the clinoid processes, forming a partial roof over the hypophysial fossa. The sellar diaphragm covers the pituitary gland in this fossa and has an aperture for passage of the infundibulum (pituitary stalk) and
413:
787:, is a condition that was previously thought to be congenital but can be induced by trauma, particularly whiplash trauma. Dural strain may be pulling the cerebellum inferiorly, or skull distortions may be pushing the brain inferiorly.
864:
916:
735:, require that an incision is made to the dura mater. To achieve a watertight repair and avoid potential post-operative complications, the dura is typically closed with
773:
765:
The dura-muscular, dura-ligamentous connections in the upper cervical spine and occipital areas may provide anatomic and physiologic answers to the cause of the
715:
occurs when there is an abnormal collection of blood between the dura and the arachnoid, usually as a result of torn bridging veins secondary to head trauma. An
240:
1207:
892:
904:
970:
Gagan, Jeffrey R.; Tholpady, Sunil S.; Ogle, Roy C. (2007). "Cellular dynamics and tissue interactions of the dura mater during head development".
876:
739:. If there is a dural deficiency, then a dural substitute may be used to replace this membrane. Small gaps in the dura can be covered with a
684:, which drain the underlying neural tissue and puncture the dura mater, empty into these dural sinuses. A rupture of a bridging vein causes a
1103:
Frank Scali; Eric S. Marsili; Matt E. Pontell (2011). "Anatomical
Connection Between the Rectus Capitis Posterior Major and the Dura Mater".
216:
212:
428:), places where the inner dural layer is reflected as sheet-like protrusions into the cranial cavity. There are two main dural reflections:
1214:
841:), literally 'thick mother of the brain', matrix of the brain, and is also referred to by the term "pachymeninx" (plural "pachymeninges").
1325:
1052:
Keller, Jeffrey T.; Saunders, Mary C.; Beduk, Altay; Jollis, James G. (1985-01-01). "Innervation of the posterior fossa dura of the cat".
1873:
1916:
1004:
2180:
2165:
654:
The two layers of dura mater run together throughout most of the skull. Where they separate, the gap between them is called a
1687:
1290:
2185:
804:
2105:
2062:
2170:
1418:
1544:
1230:
Freeman, MD (2010). "A case-control study of cerebellar tonsillar ectopia (Chiari) and head/neck trauma (whiplash)".
641:
557:
380:); and a deep meningeal layer, which is the true dura mater. The dura mater covering the spinal cord is known as the
277:
676:(the middle meningeal layer), extend into the dural venous sinuses to drain CSF. These villi act as one-way valves.
623:
539:
1779:
1146:
Hack, GD (Dec 1, 1995). "Anatomic relation between the rectus capitis posterior minor muscle and the dura mater".
750:
to the cervical dura mater. Various clinical manifestations may be linked to this anatomical relationship such as
1784:
1774:
701:
759:
747:
619:
535:
870:
Diagrammatic representation of a section across the top of the skull, showing the membranes of the brain, etc.
1954:
777:
464:
235:
483:) is a vertical dural infolding that lies inferior to the cerebellar tentorium in the posterior part of the
2090:
1971:
1949:
1554:
2040:
1966:
1385:
769:. This proposal would further explain manipulation's efficacy in the treatment of cervicogenic headache.
732:
700:(V1, V2 and V3). The innervation for the infratentorial dura mater are via upper cervical nerves and the
615:
531:
852:
2115:
1817:
798:
2142:
2057:
1812:
1680:
1190:
719:
is a collection of blood between the dura and the inner surface of the skull, and is usually due to
1559:
604:
520:
195:
2067:
1534:
608:
574:
A. posterior meningeal artery (from the ascending pharyngeal artery through the jugular foramen)
524:
484:
1211:
335:
The dura mater has several functions and layers. The dura mater is a membrane that envelops the
1411:
1333:
933:
293:
247:
223:
207:
776:, along with receipt of pituitary-derived growth hormone, a risk factor due to concerns about
2213:
2100:
2047:
1944:
1766:
1581:
1515:
1500:
766:
740:
669:
663:
2001:
1978:
1827:
1710:
1673:
1505:
755:
728:
340:
836:
8:
2006:
1961:
1908:
1804:
1652:
1463:
784:
659:
433:
344:
305:
50:
1396:
2079:
1993:
1926:
1921:
1852:
1840:
1745:
1715:
1647:
1596:
1539:
1304:
1255:
1171:
1128:
1085:
801:. These conditions are sometimes found in conjunction with Arnold–Chiari malformation.
655:
460:
401:
1354:
696:
The supratentorial dura mater membrane is supplied by small meningeal branches of the
576:
B. meningeal arteries (from the ascending pharyngeal artery through hypoglossal canal)
16:
Outermost layer of the protective tissues around the central nervous system (meninges)
2208:
2120:
2110:
2052:
2027:
1983:
1936:
1845:
1473:
1404:
1308:
1296:
1286:
1247:
1163:
1159:
1120:
1077:
1069:
1065:
987:
793:
is the enlargement of the dura and is common in connective tissue disorders, such as
716:
712:
685:
397:
1175:
1132:
2035:
1720:
1549:
1278:
1259:
1239:
1155:
1112:
1089:
1061:
979:
883:
697:
491:
121:
115:
75:
772:
The
American Red Cross and some other agencies accepting blood donations consider
1878:
1725:
1612:
1529:
1488:
1478:
1282:
1277:, vol. 12, no. 2, Springer International Publishing, pp. 403–419,
1243:
1218:
1116:
950:
794:
736:
673:
389:
336:
297:
200:
69:
1188:
817:
578:
C. meningeal arteries (from occipital artery through jugular or mastoid foramen)
1642:
1637:
1591:
1586:
1524:
1468:
1362:
1191:"Visualization of the Muscle-Dural Bridge in the Visible Human Female Data Set"
898:
Spinal cord. Spinal membranes and nerve roots. Deep dissection. Posterior view.
807:
is the fluid and pressure loss of spinal fluid due to holes in the dura mater.
476:
445:
393:
1391:
910:
Spinal cord. Spinal membranes and nerve roots. Deep dissection. Posterior view
388:, and only has one layer (the meningeal layer) unlike cranial dura mater. The
2202:
1868:
1794:
1789:
1740:
1617:
1073:
1030:
1017:
790:
681:
471:
Two other dural infoldings are the cerebellar falx and the sellar diaphragm:
449:
348:
228:
1892:
1730:
1458:
1300:
1251:
1124:
991:
724:
456:
369:
309:
304:. It envelops the arachnoid mater, which is responsible for keeping in the
265:
153:
46:
1189:
Gary D. Hack; Peter Ratiu; John P. Kerr; Gwendolyn F. Dunn; Mi Young Toh.
1167:
1081:
356:
1835:
1757:
1696:
1435:
1431:
1102:
377:
285:
171:
253:
983:
437:
385:
365:
148:
1042:'Gray's Anatomy for Students' 2005, Drake, Vogl and Mitchell, Elsevier
1573:
945:
751:
580:
D. meningeal arteries (from vertebral artery through foramen magnum)
441:
373:
301:
746:
In 2011, researchers discovered a connective tissue bridge from the
593:
509:
1735:
1427:
940:
313:
289:
273:
163:
288:. It is the outermost of the three layers of membrane called the
40:
1380:
826:
720:
326:
1665:
312:
cell population, with postnatal contributions of the paraxial
136:
104:
84:
28:
1392:
youtube: exposure of falx cerebri, dura mater & arachnoid
281:
183:
167:
98:
87:
412:
81:
1426:
1273:
Sakka, Laurent (2020), "Anatomy of the Spinal
Meninges",
1051:
130:
758:
and other symptoms that involved the cervical dura. The
1195:
The
Visible Human Project, National Library of Medicine
723:
bleeding. Intradural procedures, such as removal of a
972:
Birth
Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews
487:. It partially separates the cerebellar hemispheres.
133:
101:
45:
The dura mater extends into the skull cavity as the
127:
124:
95:
92:
78:
1319:
1317:
711:Many medical conditions involve the dura mater. A
1223:
1208:International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
969:
2200:
1323:
922:Autopsy. Dura mater is retracted by the forceps.
1314:
1681:
1412:
830:
680:, which course through the dura mater, and
622:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
538:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
400:in the case of traumatic laceration to the
1688:
1674:
1419:
1405:
39:
27:
1917:Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway
642:Learn how and when to remove this message
558:Learn how and when to remove this message
392:between these two layers is known as the
296:. The other two meningeal layers are the
706:
662:(CSF) from the brain and empty into the
411:
407:
325:
1229:
882:Diagrammatic transverse section of the
2201:
420:The dura separates into two layers at
1669:
1400:
1272:
354:Cranial dura mater has two layers or
1182:
1145:
844:
805:Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak
702:meningeal branch of the vagus nerve.
620:adding citations to reliable sources
587:
536:adding citations to reliable sources
503:
1139:
831:
308:. It is derived primarily from the
13:
14:
2225:
1373:
783:Cerebellar tonsillar ectopia, or
436:exists between and separates the
364:layer that is actually the inner
278:dense irregular connective tissue
1780:Substantia gelatinosa of Rolando
1379:
1160:10.1097/00007632-199512000-00003
915:
903:
891:
875:
863:
851:
658:. These sinuses drain blood and
592:
508:
463:of the brain, is located in the
339:. It surrounds and supports the
120:
74:
1695:
1347:
1266:
1201:
1029:Vinas FC and Pilitsis J. 2004.
691:
499:
1096:
1045:
1036:
1023:
1010:
998:
963:
760:rectus capitis posterior minor
748:rectus capitis posterior major
672:, which are outgrowths of the
360:, which include a superficial
1:
956:
823:tough mother (or hard mother)
465:longitudinal cerebral fissure
1874:Central gelatinous substance
1326:"Medical Definition of Dura"
1283:10.1007/978-3-030-20925-4_26
1244:10.3109/02699052.2010.490512
1117:10.1097/brs.0b013e31821129df
1066:10.1016/0361-9230(85)90181-9
810:
416:Spinal reflections and folds
319:
7:
927:
858:Dura mater (spinal section)
837:
821:derives from the Latin for
733:microvascular decompression
583:
10:
2230:
1818:Posterior thoracic nucleus
1031:"Penetrating Head Trauma."
931:
762:has a similar attachment.
459:, which separates the two
2155:
2143:Anterior white commissure
2135:
2078:
2026:
2019:
1992:
1935:
1907:
1900:
1891:
1861:
1826:
1813:Intermediolateral nucleus
1803:
1765:
1756:
1703:
1630:
1605:
1572:
1545:Of lateral cerebral fossa
1514:
1496:
1487:
1449:
1442:
1005:University of New England
778:Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
347:and carries the cerebral
246:
234:
222:
206:
194:
182:
177:
159:
147:
63:
58:
38:
26:
21:
1560:Cerebellopontine cistern
838:umm al-dimāgh al-ṣafīqah
467:between the hemispheres.
2181:Posterior median sulcus
2166:Anterior median fissure
1535:Interpeduncular cistern
1054:Brain Research Bulletin
485:posterior cranial fossa
351:back toward the heart.
934:anatomical terminology
799:Ehlers–Danlos syndrome
774:dura mater transplants
417:
330:
294:central nervous system
248:Anatomical terminology
2186:Posterolateral sulcus
1767:Posterior grey column
1582:Denticulate ligaments
1516:Subarachnoid cisterns
1501:Arachnoid granulation
1324:William C. Shiel Jr.
767:cervicogenic headache
741:surgical sealant film
707:Clinical significance
664:internal jugular vein
415:
408:Folds and reflections
329:
2171:Anterolateral sulcus
2002:Spinoreticular tract
1828:Anterior grey column
1711:Cervical enlargement
1555:Of lamina terminalis
1506:Arachnoid trabeculae
1388:at Wikimedia Commons
756:trigeminal neuralgia
729:trigeminal neuralgia
616:improve this section
532:improve this section
341:dural venous sinuses
2007:Spino-olivary tract
1805:Lateral grey column
1653:Cerebrospinal fluid
1464:Tentorium cerebelli
1111:(25): E1612–E1614.
785:Chiari malformation
660:cerebrospinal fluid
434:tentorium cerebelli
345:cerebrospinal fluid
306:cerebrospinal fluid
280:that surrounds the
51:tentorium cerebelli
33:Meninges of the CNS
1853:Gamma motor neuron
1841:Alpha motor neuron
1746:Terminal ventricle
1716:Lumbar enlargement
1648:Subarachnoid space
1597:Perivascular space
1540:Chiasmatic cistern
1217:2005-12-14 at the
1016:Shepherd S. 2004.
984:10.1002/bdrc.20104
932:This article uses
656:dural venous sinus
495:hypophysial veins.
418:
402:meningeal arteries
331:
2196:
2195:
2156:External features
2151:
2150:
2131:
2130:
2068:Hypothalamospinal
2015:
2014:
1887:
1886:
1663:
1662:
1626:
1625:
1568:
1567:
1474:Diaphragma sellae
1384:Media related to
1355:"dura mater (n.)"
1292:978-3-030-20924-7
1007:, The Dura Mater.
886:and its membranes
845:Additional images
832:أم الدماغ الصفيقة
717:epidural hematoma
713:subdural hematoma
686:subdural hematoma
652:
651:
644:
568:
567:
560:
422:dural reflections
292:that protect the
262:
261:
257:
2221:
2024:
2023:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1785:Nucleus proprius
1775:Marginal nucleus
1763:
1762:
1721:Conus medullaris
1704:General features
1690:
1683:
1676:
1667:
1666:
1550:Superior cistern
1494:
1493:
1447:
1446:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1398:
1397:
1383:
1367:
1366:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1332:. Archived from
1321:
1312:
1311:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1227:
1221:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1049:
1043:
1040:
1034:
1027:
1021:
1014:
1008:
1002:
996:
995:
967:
919:
907:
895:
884:medulla spinalis
879:
867:
855:
840:
834:
833:
827:loan translation
727:or treatment of
698:trigeminal nerve
647:
640:
636:
633:
627:
596:
588:
563:
556:
552:
549:
543:
512:
504:
492:sellar diaphragm
398:accumulate blood
254:edit on Wikidata
251:
166:surrounding the
143:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
126:
119:
111:
110:
107:
106:
103:
100:
97:
94:
90:
89:
86:
83:
80:
73:
43:
31:
19:
18:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2147:
2127:
2101:Vestibulospinal
2097:Extrapyramidal
2074:
2011:
1988:
1945:Spinocerebellar
1931:
1883:
1879:Gray commissure
1857:
1822:
1799:
1795:Rexed lamina VI
1752:
1726:Filum terminale
1699:
1694:
1664:
1659:
1622:
1613:Filum terminale
1601:
1564:
1530:Pontine cistern
1510:
1489:Arachnoid mater
1483:
1479:Trigeminal cave
1438:
1425:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1339:
1337:
1322:
1315:
1293:
1271:
1267:
1238:(7–8): 988–94.
1228:
1224:
1219:Wayback Machine
1206:
1202:
1187:
1183:
1144:
1140:
1101:
1097:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1028:
1024:
1015:
1011:
1003:
999:
968:
964:
959:
951:Arachnoid mater
937:
930:
923:
920:
911:
908:
899:
896:
887:
880:
871:
868:
859:
856:
847:
813:
795:Marfan syndrome
709:
694:
678:Meningeal veins
674:arachnoid mater
670:Arachnoid villi
648:
637:
631:
628:
613:
597:
586:
579:
577:
575:
564:
553:
547:
544:
529:
513:
502:
477:cerebellar falx
446:occipital lobes
424:(also known as
410:
390:potential space
343:that reabsorbs
337:arachnoid mater
333:
332:
322:
298:arachnoid mater
258:
215:
123:
114:
113:
91:
77:
68:
67:
54:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2227:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2106:Reticulospinal
2103:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2087:Corticospinal
2084:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2063:Reticulospinal
2060:
2055:
2048:Extrapyramidal
2045:
2044:
2043:
2032:
2030:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1998:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1979:Posterolateral
1976:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1941:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1913:
1911:
1902:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1846:Onuf's nucleus
1838:
1832:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1790:Rexed lamina V
1787:
1782:
1777:
1771:
1769:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1693:
1692:
1685:
1678:
1670:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1645:
1643:Subdural space
1640:
1638:Epidural space
1634:
1632:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1592:Choroid plexus
1589:
1587:Tela choroidea
1584:
1578:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1525:Cisterna magna
1521:
1519:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1469:Falx cerebelli
1466:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1424:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1375:
1374:External links
1372:
1369:
1368:
1363:Douglas Harper
1346:
1313:
1291:
1275:Spinal Anatomy
1265:
1222:
1200:
1181:
1154:(23): 2484–6.
1138:
1095:
1044:
1035:
1033:Emedicine.com.
1022:
1020:Emedicine.com.
1018:"Head Trauma."
1009:
997:
978:(4): 297–304.
961:
960:
958:
955:
954:
953:
948:
943:
929:
926:
925:
924:
921:
914:
912:
909:
902:
900:
897:
890:
888:
881:
874:
872:
869:
862:
860:
857:
850:
846:
843:
812:
809:
708:
705:
693:
690:
682:bridging veins
650:
649:
600:
598:
591:
585:
582:
566:
565:
516:
514:
507:
501:
498:
497:
496:
488:
481:falx cerebelli
469:
468:
453:
409:
406:
394:epidural space
324:
323:
321:
318:
260:
259:
250:
244:
243:
238:
232:
231:
226:
220:
219:
210:
204:
203:
198:
192:
191:
186:
180:
179:
175:
174:
161:
157:
156:
151:
145:
144:
65:
61:
60:
56:
55:
44:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2226:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2036:Corticospinal
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1962:Spinothalamic
1960:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1869:Rexed laminae
1867:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1755:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1741:Central canal
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1691:
1686:
1684:
1679:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1619:
1618:Leptomeninges
1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1417:
1415:
1410:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1336:on 2013-12-30
1335:
1331:
1327:
1320:
1318:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1269:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1226:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1185:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1099:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:(1): 97–102.
1059:
1055:
1048:
1039:
1032:
1026:
1019:
1013:
1006:
1001:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
966:
962:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
938:
935:
918:
913:
906:
901:
894:
889:
885:
878:
873:
866:
861:
854:
849:
848:
842:
839:
828:
824:
820:
819:
808:
806:
802:
800:
796:
792:
791:Dural ectasia
788:
786:
781:
779:
775:
770:
768:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
704:
703:
699:
689:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
665:
661:
657:
646:
643:
635:
625:
621:
617:
611:
610:
606:
601:This section
599:
595:
590:
589:
581:
572:
562:
559:
551:
541:
537:
533:
527:
526:
522:
517:This section
515:
511:
506:
505:
493:
489:
486:
482:
478:
474:
473:
472:
466:
462:
458:
454:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
430:
429:
427:
423:
414:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:
352:
350:
349:venous return
346:
342:
338:
328:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
255:
249:
245:
242:
239:
237:
233:
230:
227:
225:
221:
218:
214:
211:
209:
205:
202:
199:
197:
193:
190:
187:
185:
181:
176:
173:
169:
165:
162:
158:
155:
152:
150:
146:
141:
117:
109:
71:
66:
64:Pronunciation
62:
57:
52:
48:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
2214:Neurosurgery
1893:White matter
1758:Grey columns
1731:Cauda equina
1459:Falx cerebri
1450:
1358:
1349:
1338:. Retrieved
1334:the original
1330:Medicine Net
1329:
1274:
1268:
1235:
1232:Brain Injury
1231:
1225:
1212:redcross.org
1203:
1194:
1184:
1151:
1147:
1141:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1057:
1053:
1047:
1038:
1025:
1012:
1000:
975:
971:
965:
822:
816:
814:
803:
789:
782:
771:
764:
745:
725:brain tumour
710:
695:
692:Nerve supply
677:
668:
653:
638:
632:January 2020
629:
614:Please help
602:
573:
569:
554:
548:January 2020
545:
530:Please help
518:
500:Blood supply
480:
470:
457:falx cerebri
425:
421:
419:
396:, which can
381:
370:neurocranium
361:
355:
353:
334:
310:neural crest
269:
266:neuroanatomy
263:
217:A14.1.01.002
213:A14.1.01.101
188:
154:Neural crest
47:falx cerebri
2121:Olivospinal
2116:Raphespinal
2111:Tectospinal
2058:Raphespinal
2053:Rubrospinal
1984:Spinotectal
1836:Interneuron
1697:Spinal cord
1436:spinal cord
461:hemispheres
426:dural folds
378:endocranium
286:spinal cord
272:is a thick
178:Identifiers
172:spinal cord
2203:Categories
1451:Dura mater
1386:Dura mater
1359:Etymonline
1340:2009-06-01
957:References
829:of Arabic
818:dura mater
438:cerebellum
386:thecal sac
366:periosteum
362:periosteal
270:dura mater
189:dura mater
22:Dura mater
1909:Posterior
1574:Pia mater
1309:242191187
1074:0361-9230
946:Pia mater
815:The name
811:Etymology
752:headaches
603:does not
519:does not
444:from the
442:brainstem
382:dural sac
374:calvarium
320:Structure
302:pia mater
149:Precursor
2209:Meninges
2162:Ventral
2091:Anterior
2080:Anterior
1994:Anterior
1972:anterior
1736:Meninges
1606:Combined
1428:Meninges
1301:29506096
1252:20545453
1215:Archived
1176:26183189
1133:31560001
1125:21278628
992:18228258
941:Meninges
928:See also
721:arterial
584:Drainage
450:cerebrum
357:lamellae
314:mesoderm
300:and the
290:meninges
276:made of
274:membrane
164:Meninges
2177:Dorsal
2041:Lateral
2028:Lateral
1967:lateral
1955:ventral
1937:Lateral
1927:Cuneate
1922:Gracile
1901:Sensory
1430:of the
1260:9553904
1168:8610241
1090:4763767
1082:3872702
737:sutures
624:removed
609:sources
540:removed
525:sources
448:of the
368:of the
201:D004388
160:Part of
59:Details
1950:dorsal
1631:Spaces
1443:Layers
1307:
1299:
1289:
1258:
1250:
1174:
1166:
1131:
1123:
1088:
1080:
1072:
990:
731:via a
2020:Motor
1862:Other
1432:brain
1305:S2CID
1256:S2CID
1172:S2CID
1148:Spine
1129:S2CID
1105:Spine
1086:S2CID
372:(the
282:brain
252:[
184:Latin
168:brain
2136:Both
1434:and
1297:PMID
1287:ISBN
1248:PMID
1164:PMID
1121:PMID
1078:PMID
1070:ISSN
988:PMID
825:, a
797:and
607:any
605:cite
523:any
521:cite
490:The
475:The
455:The
440:and
432:The
376:and
284:and
241:9592
229:5370
208:TA98
196:MeSH
170:and
53:etc.
49:and
1279:doi
1240:doi
1156:doi
1113:doi
1062:doi
980:doi
618:by
534:by
384:or
264:In
236:FMA
224:TA2
85:ʊər
2205::
1361:.
1357:.
1328:.
1316:^
1303:,
1295:,
1285:,
1254:.
1246:.
1236:24
1234:.
1210:-
1193:.
1170:.
1162:.
1152:20
1150:.
1127:.
1119:.
1109:36
1107:.
1084:.
1076:.
1068:.
1058:14
1056:.
986:.
976:81
974:.
780:.
754:,
743:.
688:.
666:.
404:.
316:.
268:,
137:ər
122:/-
118::
116:US
112:,
105:ər
99:eɪ
82:dj
72::
70:UK
1689:e
1682:t
1675:v
1518::
1420:e
1413:t
1406:v
1365:.
1343:.
1281::
1262:.
1242::
1197:.
1178:.
1158::
1135:.
1115::
1092:.
1064::
994:.
982::
936:.
835:(
645:)
639:(
634:)
630:(
626:.
612:.
561:)
555:(
550:)
546:(
542:.
528:.
479:(
452:.
256:]
140:/
134:t
131:æ
128:m
125:ˈ
108:/
102:t
96:m
93:ˈ
88:ə
79:ˈ
76:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
