201:(~ for survivors) for the duration of the lockdown in Spain. It contained mostly material from the original issues plus articles about coronavirus, with a cover about COVID-19. This revival lasted for six weekly issues.
184:. Of them, Max created the characters of Gustavo, Peter Pank, Gallardo and Mediavilla. Hernán Migoya served as the editor-in-chief of the magazine from 1992 to 1998. The last editor was Sergi Puertas.
370:
190:
sold 45,000 copies in 1983. Its circulation was 6,000 copies in 2004 just before its last issue in
January 2005. The magazine ran over 300 issues during its existence.
164:
was published monthly and had its headquarters in
Barcelona. The contributors included not only Spanish but also French and American authors, including
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124:, Spain, between 1979 and 2005, with a peak monthly circulation of 80,000 copies. The magazine was subtitled "Comix for Survivors".
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David
Vilaseca (Autumn 2008). "Queer Transitions in Contemporary Spanish Culture: From Franco to "La Movida" (Book review)".
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comics publisher Josep
Toutain financed the establishment of the magazine which was published by La Cúpula.
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during the 1970s. However, the name was rejected by the
Spanish authorities.
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Josep Maria
Berenguer wanted to name the magazine as GOMA 3, a reference to
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was established in
December 1979. The founders were a group of Spanish
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Unpopular
Culture: Transforming the European Comic Book in the 1990s
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276:"Josep Maria Berenguer, 1944-2012: The Last Libertine Publisher"
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72:
550:"6ª y última entrega de El Víbora para Supervivientes"
197:, the magazine was revived online, free of charge, as
240:"Subversive cult comic revived in Spanish lockdown"
345:"El Vibora Editor Confirms Potential Cancellation"
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530:(in Spanish). Ediciones La Cúpula. 6 April 2020
552:(in Spanish). Ediciones La Cúpula. 13 May 2020
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371:"A brief history of comics in Catalonia"
150:, an explosive notoriously used by the
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628:Monthly magazines published in Spain
608:Defunct magazines published in Spain
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603:Comics magazines published in Spain
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154:terrorist/nationalist organization
16:Spanish comics magazine (1979–2005)
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113:) was a Spanish language monthly
623:Magazines published in Barcelona
618:Magazines disestablished in 2005
412:. Toronto; Buffalo, NY; London:
238:Stephen Burgen (15 April 2020).
593:2005 disestablishments in Spain
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528:"Vuelve El Víbora (1ª entrega)"
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180:, Nazario, Mariscal, Pons, and
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139:led by Josep Maria Berenguer.
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613:Magazines established in 1979
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199:El Víbora para supervivientes
588:1979 establishments in Spain
274:Hernan Miyoga (2 May 2012).
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414:University of Toronto Press
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176:. Native contributors were
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633:Spanish-language magazines
211:List of magazines in Spain
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503:"Laura Pérez Vernetti"
598:Alternative magazines
182:Laura Pérez Vernetti
583:2005 comics endings
406:Bart Beaty (2007).
128:History and profile
25:
578:1979 comics debuts
453:10.1353/hir.0.0024
306:"El Víbora. Spain"
280:The Comics Journal
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423:978-0-8020-9412-4
195:COVID-19 pandemic
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478:"El Vibora #10"
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440:Hispanic Review
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416:. p. 116.
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32:Comics magazine
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351:. 30 June 2004
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174:Charles Burns
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56:December 1979
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389:. Retrieved
382:the original
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245:The Guardian
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170:Robert Crumb
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64:January 2005
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507:lambiek.net
193:During the
166:Peter Bagge
137:cartoonists
115:alternative
61:Final issue
53:First issue
572:Categories
556:26 October
534:26 October
487:29 January
482:Comixjoint
391:29 January
378:gencat.cat
355:29 January
320:29 January
285:29 January
222:References
29:Categories
461:143962846
188:El Víbora
162:El Víbora
133:El Víbora
122:Barcelona
111:The Viper
102:El Víbora
83:Barcelona
48:La Cúpula
45:Publisher
37:Frequency
23:El Víbora
205:See also
89:Language
79:Based in
141:Catalan
107:Spanish
93:Spanish
69:Country
40:Monthly
512:10 May
459:
420:
152:Basque
148:Goma-2
457:S2CID
447:(4).
385:(PDF)
374:(PDF)
73:Spain
558:2020
536:2020
514:2023
489:2015
418:ISBN
393:2015
357:2015
322:2015
310:Afka
287:2015
172:and
449:doi
178:Max
156:ETA
574::
505:.
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469:^
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105:(
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