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508:) (1929), his career-defining work, was also written in 1927. Remarque was at first unable to find a publisher for it. Its text described the experiences of German soldiers during World War I. On publication it became an international bestseller and a landmark work in twentieth-century literature. It inspired a new genre of veterans writing about conflict, and the commercial publication of a wide variety of war memoirs. It also inspired dramatic representations of the war in theatre and cinema, in Germany as well as in countries that had fought in the conflict against the
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the Nazis. They continued to decry his writings in his absence, proclaiming that anyone who would change the spelling of his name from the German "Remark" to the French "Remarque" could not be a true German. The Nazis further made the false claim that
Remarque had not seen active service during World War I. In 1938, Remarque's German citizenship was revoked. In 1939, he and his ex-wife were remarried to prevent her repatriation to Germany. Just before the outbreak of
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336:). His grandfather had changed the spelling from Remarque to Remark in the 19th century. Research by Remarque's childhood and lifelong friend Hanns-Gerd Rabe proved that Remarque had French ancestors – his great-grandfather Johann Adam Remarque, who was born in 1789, came from a French family in
315:, but he was close with his mother and he began using the middle name Maria after World War I in her honor. Remarque was the third of four children of Peter and Anna. His siblings were his older sister Erna, older brother Theodor Arthur (who died at the age of five or six), and younger sister Elfriede.
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Germany was rapidly descending into a totalitarian society, leading to mass arrests of elements of the population of which the new governing order disapproved. Remarque left
Germany to live at his villa in Switzerland. His French background as well as his Catholic faith were also publicly attacked by
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The canton offered the villa at an auction around 2010, but there was initially no buyer, probably due to the high price and the high costs of modernizing the property. However by 2021, the property was finally purchased by a German couple who wish to preserve Casa Monte Tabor as a place to promote
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After Erich Maria
Remarque's death in 1970, his wife Paulette Goddard lived in the villa until her death in 1990. The villa was bequeathed to New York University as part of the estate of Paulette Goddard. Since New York University was not prepared to pay the associated inheritance tax of 18 million
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Remarque's first marriage was to the actress Ilse Jutta
Zambona in 1925. The marriage was stormy and unfaithful on both sides. Remarque and Zambona divorced in 1930, but in 1933 they fled together to Switzerland. In 1938, they remarried, to prevent her from being forced to return to Germany, and in
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After coming back from the war, the atrocities of war along with his mother's death caused him a great deal of mental trauma and grief. In later years as a professional writer, he started using "Maria" as his middle name instead of "Paul", to commemorate his mother. When he published
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654:" ("Your brother is unfortunately beyond our reach – you, however, will not escape us.") Scholz was beheaded on 16 December 1943. Remarque later said that his sister had been involved in anti-Nazi resistance activities.
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1939 they emigrated to the United States, where they both became naturalized citizens in 1947. They divorced again on 20 May 1957, this time for good. Ilse
Remarque died on 25 June 1975.
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558:, Remarque's writing was publicly declared as "unpatriotic" and was banned in Germany. Copies were removed from all libraries and restricted from being sold or published anywhere in the country.
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In 1948, Remarque returned to
Switzerland, where he spent the remainder of his life. There was a gap of seven years – a long silence for Remarque – between
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He worked at a number of different jobs in this phase of his life, including librarian, businessman, journalist, and editor. His first paid writing job was as a technical writer for the
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Remarque had made his first attempts at writing at the age of 16. Among them were essays, poems, and the beginnings of a novel that was finished later and published in 1920 as
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In 1943, the Nazis arrested his youngest sister, Elfriede Scholz, who had stayed behind in
Germany with her husband and two children. After a trial at the notorious
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527:, a number of similar works followed from Remarque. In simple, emotive language, they described wartime and the postwar years in Germany. In 1931, after finishing
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peace and preserve the legacy of Erich Maria
Remarque. It will continue to be used for events on peace topics. The villa has been extensively renovated in 2023.
372:. On 26 June 1917 he was posted to the 15th Reserve Infantry Regiment, 2nd Company, Engineer Platoon Bethe, and fought in the trenches between
802:
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471:, he had his surname reverted to an earlier spelling – from Remark to Remarque – to disassociate himself from his novel
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as "unpatriotic". He was able to use his literary success and fame to relocate to
Switzerland as a refugee, and to the United States, where he became a
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magazine in 1939. He spent another year revising the text for its book publication in 1941, both in
English and German. His next work, the novel
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669:) to her. The dedication was omitted in the German version of the book, reportedly because she was still seen as a traitor by some Germans.
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547:, Switzerland with the substantial financial wealth that his published works had brought him. He planned to live both there and in France.
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Goddard, Remarque's wife, died in 1990, and her body was interred next to her husband's. She left a bequest of US$ 20 million to
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631:. He wrote it while living at 320 East 57th Street in New York City. The apartment building "played a prominent role in his novel".
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1569:"Exactly as it happened... (the story of an encounter in Ticino with Remarque and the coach-built Lancia Dilambda, which following
340:. This is contrary to the falsehood – perpetuated by Nazi propaganda – that his real last name was
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272:, was an international bestseller which created a new literary genre of veterans writing about conflict. The book was adapted to
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in his left leg, right arm and neck, and after being medically evacuated from the field was repatriated to an army hospital in
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to fund an institute for European studies, which is named in honour of Remarque, as well as funding "Goddard Hall" on the
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in Germany, based on Remarque's novel. Remarque appeared in the film in as an honorable teacher in hiding from the Nazis.
424:, which has been a part of Osnabrück since 1972. On 20 November 1920 he applied for leave of absence from teaching.
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1932:. A Bruccoli Clark Layman Book. Edited by James Hardin, University of South Carolina. The Gale Group, 1987. pp. 222–241.
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Exil, Krieg und Flucht in Frankreich zwischen 1933 und 1941, dargestellt an ausgewählten Werken deutscher Schriftsteller
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1617:, Department of Special Collections and Archives, State University of New York-Albany. 2009; accessed 31 July 2012.
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In exile, Remarque was unaware of his sister Elfriede's fate until after the war. He would dedicate his 1952 novel
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After the war he continued his teacher training and worked from 1 August 1919 as a primary-school teacher in
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2035:"... das Symbol der Ewigkeit ist der Kreis". Eine Untersuchung der Motive in den Romanen von Erich Maria Remarque
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644:"), she was found guilty of "undermining morale" for stating that she considered the war lost. Court President
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in memory of Erich Maria Remarque at the Wittelsbacherstrasse 5 in Berlin, unveiled on 22 June 1972
766:) for the stage, which played in both Germany and on Broadway. An English translation was published in 1974.
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794:), published in 1962, is the last work Remarque finished. The novel sold about 900,000 copies in Germany.
388:, where he recovered from his wounds. In October 1918, he was recalled to military service, but the war's
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Erich Maria Remarque: Ein Chronist des 20. Jahrhunderts, Eine Biographie in Bildern und Dokumenten
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625:. Another instant bestseller, it reached worldwide sales of nearly five million. His final novel was
1644:"Research Guides: Exiled German-speaking intellectuals in Southern California: Erich Maria Remarque"
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Remarque was born on 22 June 1898, as Erich Paul Remark, to Peter Franz Remark and Anna Maria (
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2006:
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Dass Du Mich Liebst: Erich Maria Remarque — Marlene Dietrich Zeugnisse einer Leidenschaft
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in honor of his French ancestors and in order to disassociate himself from his earlier novel
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Note: the dates of English publications are those of the first publications in book form.
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8:
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E. M. Remarque in der kommunistischen Literaturkritik in der Sowjetunion und in Bulgarien
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258:; 22 June 1898 – 25 September 1970) was a German-born novelist. His landmark novel
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Tell Me That You Love Me: Erich Maria Remarque-Marlene Dietrich. Evidence of a Passion
1800:
Modern Critical Interpretations: Erich Maria Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front
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Remarque continued to write about the German experience after WWI. His next novel,
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Swiss francs to the Canton of Ticino, the villa was confiscated by the canton.
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for which Remarque was working. (It was first published in book form in 1998.)
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1930:
Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 56: German Fiction Writers, 1914–1945
699:), which appeared both in German and in English in 1952. While he was writing
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1989:
1883:"Marlene Dietrich is Focus of Puma, a NJ Rep World Premiere Starting Feb. 24"
1520:"An unquiet life – Erich Maria Remarque and 'All Quiet on the Western Front'"
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776:) in 1959 before appearing as a book in 1961 and was made into the 1977 film
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1996:. New York: Fales Library, New York University, 2011; accessed 29 July 2012.
1788:, New York: Fales Library, New York University, 2011; accessed 29 July 2012.
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Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
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Ihr Bruder ist uns leider entwischt—Sie aber werden uns nicht entwischen
318:
The spelling of his last name was changed to Remarque when he published
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several times. Remarque's anti-war themes led to his condemnation by
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German Language Guide to the Remarque papers at NYU's Fales Library
863:
on 25 September 1970. His body was buried in the Ronco Cemetery in
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During the 1930s, Remarque had relationships with Austrian actress
385:
1426:
Afterword by Brian Murdoch, translator of 1996 English edition of
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at the age of 18. On 12 June 1917, he was transferred to the
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1979:, Remarque Institute. New York University; accessed 29 July 2012.
860:
417:
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80:
609:), first appeared in a serial version in English translation in
1905:"BOOKS OF THE TIMES; Made for Each Other, and Unfortunately So"
1843:
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421:
404:, at that time in the county of Lingen, now in the county of
1990:
fales/ exhibits/remarque/documents/intro.html "Introduction"
1943:"Erich Maria Remarque Is Dead; Novels Recorded Agony of War"
1631:(in German). Germany: Rasch Verlag Bramsche. pp. 94–95.
1494:
War in Erich Maria Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front
1372:
War in Erich Maria Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front
730:
In 1955, Remarque wrote the screenplay for an Austrian film
226:
1573:, he purchased in 1931 and retained till the late 1960s)".
918:
The first director of The Remarque Institute was Professor
277:
217:
449:). Between 1923 and 1926 he also scripted a comic series,
2326:
806:
Remarque and Paulette Goddard in Ronco, Switzerland, 1961
512:, particularly the United Kingdom and the United States.
1893:, Playbill.com, 24 February 2011; accessed 29 July 2012.
1865:"Marlene Dietrich und Remarque: "Madonna meines Blutes""
1615:"Finding Aid for Erich Maria Remarque Papers, 1938–1973"
1706:"The Most Loved and Hated Novel About World War I"
840:("Tell Me That You Love Me") and then in the 2011 play
1802:. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers. p. 157.
1817:, latinasdeayer.blogspot.mx; accessed 24 August 2017.
455:, drawn by Hermann Schütz, published in the magazine
344:("Remark" spelled backwards) and that he was Jewish.
229:
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859:Remarque died of heart failure at the age of 72 in
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1862:
1852:] (in German). Koln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch.
1668:Cultural Website. 15 December 2005. Archived from
570:, Switzerland, for the United States. They became
1579:. Vol. 3506. 30 August 1969. pp. 26–30.
1481:, Charles University in Prague, 2009, p. 46.
1337:
593:in the years of 1928 and 1929. His fourth novel,
392:a month later put an end to his military career.
364:, 2nd Company, Reserves, Field Depot of the
3889:Emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
3819:20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
3800:
1961:"Paulette Goddard Left N.Y.U. $ 20 Million"
1844:Fuld, Werner; Thomas F. Schneider, eds. (2003).
1692:Vintage Remarque: All Quiet on the Western Front
459:, a publication by the rubber and tire company
380:. On 31 July 1917 he was wounded by shell
2484:
2115:Newspaper clippings about Erich Maria Remarque
2078:Publications by and about Erich Maria Remarque
1346:
2470:
2312:
2143:
2087:Multilingual pages about Erich Maria Remarque
1994:The life and writings of Erich Maria Remarque
1785:The life and writings of Erich Maria Remarque
1431:. London: Vintage Books. 1996. p. 201.
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2616:Category:Translators of William Shakespeare
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492:). It was serialised in the sports journal
3884:Emigrants from Nazi Germany to Switzerland
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3934:Naturalized citizens of the United States
2730:Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen
2056:(in German). Remscheid: ReDiRoma Verlag.
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1497:. Greenhaven Publishing LLC. p. 42.
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1375:. Greenhaven Publishing LLC. p. 18.
1368:
1309:. Duden Online. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
550:On 10 May 1933, at the initiative of the
3854:American male dramatists and playwrights
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949:
922:. Remarque's papers are housed at NYU's
906:
888:
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311:. He was never close with his father, a
3849:20th-century German short story writers
1549:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
748:in Berlin, which was based on the book
264:(1928), based on his experience in the
3801:
2740:Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau
2106:Works by or about Erich Maria Remarque
1417:
395:
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1967:, 18 May 1990; accessed 29 July 2012.
1902:
1863:Susanne Weingarten (13 August 2001).
1797:
1755:
1703:
896:in memory of Erich Maria Remarque on
523:Riding on the tail of the success of
297:
241:
3914:German Army personnel of World War I
1814:Latins in Hollywood: Dolores del Río
1798:Bloom, Harold (2001). "Chronology".
1491:Berlatsky, Noah (15 February 2013).
1394:
1392:
1369:Berlatsky, Noah (15 February 2013).
740:), about Hitler's final days in the
3944:People from the Province of Hanover
3834:20th-century American screenwriters
2080:in the catalogue Helveticat of the
2037:(in German). München: GRIN-Verlag.
1641:
854:
347:
13:
3949:People who lost German citizenship
3824:20th-century American male writers
2026:
1697:
1517:
756:. In 1956, Remarque wrote a drama
14:
3980:
3869:American people of French descent
2765:Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick
2071:
1389:
1131:Der Himmel kennt keine Günstlinge
1103:Zeit zu leben und Zeit zu sterben
706:Zeit zu leben und Zeit zu sterben
434:
352:During World War I, Remarque was
3839:20th-century German male writers
2535:Early New High German literature
2437:
2436:
2244:A Time to Love and a Time to Die
1545:"Erich Maria Remarque: In Depth"
1454:"All quiet on the western front"
1400:"Erich Maria Remarque Biography"
1272:
1108:A Time to Love and a Time to Die
967:Die Traumbude. Ein Künstlerroman
937:
797:
724:A Time to Love and a Time to Die
715:A Time to Love and a Time to Die
640:(Hitler's extra-constitutional "
480:In 1927, he published the novel
366:2nd Guards Reserve Division
210:
170:
143:
16:German-born novelist (1898–1970)
3919:German people of French descent
3909:German male short story writers
3829:20th-century American novelists
1999:
1982:
1970:
1953:
1935:
1923:
1903:James, Caryn (17 August 1995).
1896:
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1704:Sauer, Patrick (16 June 2015).
1684:
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1241:Die Heimkehr des Enoch J. Jones
978:(written 1924, published 1998)
703:he was also working on a novel
192:
166:
139:
2423:All Quiet on the Western Front
2404:All Quiet on the Western Front
2396:All Quiet on the Western Front
2380:All Quiet on the Western Front
2329:All Quiet on the Western Front
2196:All Quiet on the Western Front
1768:Public Library. Archived from
1571:All Quiet on the Western Front
1484:
1471:
1452:Remarque, Erich Maria (1975).
1445:
1429:All Quiet on the Western Front
1362:
1312:
1300:
1193:
1009:All Quiet on the Western Front
672:
574:of the United States in 1947.
525:All Quiet on the Western Front
500:All Quiet on the Western Front
469:All Quiet on the Western Front
431:, a German tire manufacturer.
321:All Quiet on the Western Front
261:All Quiet on the Western Front
243:[ˈeːʁɪçmaˈʁiːaʁəˈmaʁk]
1:
3844:20th-century German novelists
2530:Middle High German literature
1293:
408:. From May 1920 he worked in
291:
2816:Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock
1458:Schlow Centre Region Library
1320:"People| Goethe-Institut UK"
1246:The Return of Enoch J. Jones
711:Time to Live and Time to Die
7:
3864:American male screenwriters
3758:Adelbert von Chamisso Prize
2893:Annette von Droste-Hülshoff
2821:Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz
2119:20th Century Press Archives
2052:Parvanová, Mariana (2009).
2033:Parvanová, Mariana (2010).
2013:, by Erich Maria Remarque.
1265:
837:Sag mir, daß du mich liebst
10:
3985:
3874:American writers in German
2943:Christian Friedrich Hebbel
2898:Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach
2833:(Friedrich von Hardenberg)
2801:Johann Christoph Gottsched
2796:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
2745:Johann Michael Moscherosch
2667:Walther von der Vogelweide
2621:Reformation era literature
2525:Old High German literature
2486:German-language literature
1662:"Elfriede Scholz Obituary"
1627:Schneider, Thomas (1991).
1209:(1930–1931); short stories
429:Continental Rubber Company
420:, and from August 1920 in
3733:
3650:
3452:
3041:
2860:
2847:Johann Gottfried Schnabel
2786:Barthold Heinrich Brockes
2778:
2707:
2629:
2588:
2492:
2432:
2414:
2371:
2337:
2166:
1712:. Smithsonian Institution
945:
847:Remarque married actress
118:
111:United States (1947–1970)
95:
87:
68:
42:
30:
23:
3439:Fritz Zorn (Fritz Angst)
2852:Christoph Martin Wieland
2826:Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
2806:Johann Christian Günther
2687:Gottfried von Strassburg
2520:History of Liechtenstein
1889:24 February 2013 at the
1140:); English translation:
1072:(1945) (Reviewed by Dr.
412:in the former County of
3954:Prussian Army personnel
3929:Lost Generation writers
3859:American male novelists
3783:Leipzig Book Fair Prize
3743:Ingeborg Bachmann Prize
3665:Rudolf Christoph Eucken
2677:Albrecht von Johansdorf
2611:Swiss writers in German
2260:Heaven Has No Favorites
1690:Remarque, Erich Maria.
1261:; interviews and essays
1257:; English translation:
1254:Ein militanter Pazifist
1244:; English translation:
1231:; English translation:
1218:; English translation:
1205:; English translation:
1183:; English translation:
1170:; English translation:
1155:; English translation:
1143:Heaven Has No Favorites
1119:; English translation:
1106:; English translation:
1091:; English translation:
1066:; English translation:
1051:; English translation:
1036:; English translation:
1021:; English translation:
1006:; English translation:
992:; English translation:
970:; English translation:
959:, 1929 original version
769:Heaven Has No Favorites
3969:Writers from Osnabrück
3959:Roman Catholic writers
3924:German Roman Catholics
2998:Conrad Ferdinand Meyer
2903:Joseph von Eichendorff
2672:Wolfram von Eschenbach
2515:History of Switzerland
2188:Station at the Horizon
2082:Swiss National Library
2005:Simard, Albert C.J., "
1828:"Marlene and the wall"
1758:"Erich Maria Remarque"
1732:"Erich Maria Remarque"
1253:
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1227:
1214:
1201:
1179:
1166:
1152:Die Nacht von Lissabon
1151:
1136:
1130:
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1047:
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1017:
1003:Im Westen nichts Neues
1002:
995:Station at the Horizon
988:
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956:Im Westen nichts Neues
955:
915:
912:A commemorative plaque
904:
894:A commemorative plaque
836:
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791:Die Nacht von Lissabon
790:
762:
736:
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695:
682:
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650:
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589:), focuses on life in
585:
539:), he bought a villa (
535:
520:
505:Im Westen nichts Neues
504:
494:
488:
483:Station at the Horizon
473:
451:
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332:
3904:German male novelists
3899:German comics writers
3894:Exilliteratur writers
3314:Christian Morgenstern
3199:Hugo von Hofmannsthal
3104:Rolf Dieter Brinkmann
2888:Adelbert von Chamisso
2682:Heinrich von Morungen
2606:Liechtenstein writers
1048:Liebe deinen Nächsten
953:
910:
892:
822:, and German actress
805:
680:
602:Liebe deinen Nächsten
566:in Europe, they left
518:
3939:People from Bentheim
3773:Heinrich Heine Prize
3339:Erich Maria Remarque
3309:Friederike Mayröcker
3144:Friedrich Dürrenmatt
2345:Erich Maria Remarque
2160:Erich Maria Remarque
2092:Erich Maria Remarque
2019:, March 1946, p. 72.
1949:. 26 September 1970.
1710:Smithsonian Magazine
1672:on 24 September 2009
1347:Robertson, William.
1180:Schatten im Paradies
1116:Der schwarze Obelisk
572:naturalised citizens
554:propaganda minister
358:Imperial German Army
280:propaganda minister
266:Imperial German Army
206:Erich Maria Remarque
169: 1938;
142: 1925;
25:Erich Maria Remarque
3753:Sigmund Freud Prize
3748:Georg Büchner Prize
3562:Emine Sevgi Özdamar
3274:Else Lasker-Schüler
3139:Heimito von Doderer
2983:Heinrich von Kleist
2973:Friedrich Hölderlin
2811:Friedrich Hölderlin
2657:Reinmar von Hagenau
2570:Austrian literature
2284:Shadows in Paradise
2268:The Night in Lisbon
1642:Ullmann, Michaela.
1259:A Militant Pacifist
1186:Shadows in Paradise
1158:The Night in Lisbon
989:Station am Horizont
876:New York University
785:The Night in Lisbon
772:was serialised (as
689:and his next work,
628:Shadows in Paradise
489:Station am Horizont
461:Continental AG
396:Post-war employment
303:), a working-class
286:naturalized citizen
102:Germany (1898–1938)
3763:Hans Fallada Prize
3344:Rainer Maria Rilke
3264:Siegfried Kracauer
3154:Marieluise Fleißer
3069:Johannes R. Becher
2948:Johann Peter Hebel
2842:Friedrich Schiller
2589:Related categories
2510:History of Austria
2505:History of Germany
1988:Taylor, Marvin J.
1959:Lorch, Donatella.
1947:The New York Times
1909:The New York Times
1782:Taylor, Marvin J.
1756:Liukkonen, Petri.
1228:Die letzte Station
961:
916:
905:
818:, Mexican actress
808:
763:Die letzte Station
721:directed the film
683:
607:Love Thy Neighbour
599:(in German titled
521:
156:Ilse Jutta Zambona
129:Ilse Jutta Zambona
62:Kingdom of Prussia
3796:
3795:
3788:Nelly Sachs Prize
3675:Gerhart Hauptmann
3632:Wolf Wondratschek
3557:Sharon Dodua Otoo
3394:Berta von Suttner
3369:Arthur Schnitzler
3359:Ernst von Salomon
3149:Lion Feuchtwanger
3054:Ingeborg Bachmann
2968:E. T. A. Hoffmann
2938:Gerhart Hauptmann
2923:Franz Grillparzer
2918:Jeremias Gotthelf
2868:Bettina von Arnim
2791:Christian Gellert
2692:Dietrich von Bern
2647:Der von Kürenberg
2545:Weimar Classicism
2452:
2451:
2294:
2293:
2276:The Promised Land
2252:The Black Obelisk
2236:The Spark of Life
2063:978-3-86870-056-5
2044:978-3-640-64739-2
1772:on 1 August 2008.
1762:Books and Writers
1648:libguides.usc.edu
1504:978-0-7377-6808-4
1477:Landová, Jolana:
1438:978-0-09-953281-1
1382:978-0-7377-6808-4
1172:The Promised Land
1122:The Black Obelisk
880:Greenwich Village
746:Reich Chancellery
701:The Spark of Life
564:World War II
301: Stallknecht
256:Erich Paul Remark
203:
202:
73:25 September 1970
46:Erich Paul Remark
3976:
3715:Elfriede Jelinek
3637:Feridun Zaimoğlu
3627:Peter Wawerzinek
3572:Julya Rabinowich
3532:Christian Kracht
3507:Wladimir Kaminer
3497:Elfriede Jelinek
3259:Egon Erwin Kisch
3204:Ödön von Horváth
3184:Marlen Haushofer
3018:Adalbert Stifter
2978:Gottfried Keller
2878:Clemens Brentano
2760:Angelus Silesius
2735:Andreas Gryphius
2662:Hartmann von Aue
2652:Dietmar von Aist
2596:Austrian writers
2575:Swiss literature
2555:Literary realism
2493:Related articles
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849:Paulette Goddard
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824:Marlene Dietrich
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754:Michael Musmanno
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681:Remarque in 1961
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3734:German-language
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3653:Nobel laureates
3652:
3651:German-language
3646:
3592:Clemens J. Setz
3522:Alexander Kluge
3512:Daniel Kehlmann
3472:Jenny Erpenbeck
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3419:Josef Weinheber
3379:Kurt Schwitters
3364:Paul Scheerbart
3079:Thomas Bernhard
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116:
115:
113:
112:
109:
103:
99:
97:
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
77:(aged 72)
70:
66:
65:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3981:
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3732:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3705:Elias Canetti
3703:
3701:
3700:Heinrich Böll
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3690:Hermann Hesse
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3622:Martin Walser
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3597:Botho Strauss
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
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3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3542:Clemens Meyer
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3517:Esther Kinsky
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3482:Durs Grünbein
3480:
3478:
3477:Rainald Goetz
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3451:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3414:Robert Walser
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
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3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3324:Heiner Müller
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3294:Heinrich Mann
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3239:Erich Kästner
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3189:Hermann Hesse
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3169:Stefan George
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3134:Alfred Döblin
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3124:Elias Canetti
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3109:Hermann Broch
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3089:Thomas Brasch
3087:
3085:
3084:Heinrich Böll
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3034:
3033:Ludwig Uhland
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3023:Theodor Storm
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3013:Wilhelm Raabe
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3003:Eduard Mörike
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2958:Georg Herwegh
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2933:Wilhelm Grimm
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2883:Georg Büchner
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2859:
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2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2771:
2770:Georg Wickram
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
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2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
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2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2565:Exilliteratur
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
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2420:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2388:The Road Back
2385:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2362:
2361:The Road Back
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
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2330:
2322:
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2238:
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2233:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2204:The Road Back
2201:
2198:
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2193:
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2189:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2168:
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2120:
2116:
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2111:
2107:
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2099:
2097:
2093:
2090:
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2079:
2076:
2075:
2065:
2059:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1978:
1973:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1931:
1926:
1910:
1906:
1899:
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1767:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1711:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1687:
1671:
1667:
1664:(in German).
1663:
1657:
1649:
1645:
1638:
1630:
1623:
1616:
1611:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1578:
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1440:
1434:
1430:
1423:
1421:
1405:
1401:
1395:
1393:
1384:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1365:
1350:
1343:
1341:
1325:
1324:www.goethe.de
1321:
1315:
1308:
1303:
1299:
1289:
1288:Exilliteratur
1286:
1285:
1281:
1270:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1224:
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1216:
1211:
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1197:
1188:
1187:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1168:
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1153:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1117:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1094:Spark of Life
1089:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1074:Albert Simard
1071:
1070:
1064:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1049:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1034:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1024:The Road Back
1019:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1004:
999:
997:
996:
990:
985:
982:
977:
975:
974:
968:
963:
962:
957:
952:
943:
938:List of works
935:
931:
927:
925:
924:Fales Library
921:
913:
909:
902:
899:
895:
891:
887:
885:
884:New York City
881:
877:
872:
870:
866:
862:
852:
850:
845:
843:
838:
833:
832:film festival
829:
825:
821:
817:
812:
804:
798:Personal life
795:
792:
787:
786:
781:
780:
775:
774:Borrowed Life
771:
770:
764:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
733:
728:
726:
725:
720:
716:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
691:Spark of Life
688:
679:
670:
667:
662:
661:
660:Spark of Life
655:
652:
647:
643:
638:
632:
630:
629:
623:
618:
617:
612:
608:
603:
598:
597:
592:
587:
582:
581:
575:
573:
569:
565:
559:
557:
553:
548:
546:
542:
537:
532:
531:
530:The Road Back
526:
517:
513:
511:
510:German Empire
506:
501:
496:
495:Sport im Bild
490:
485:
484:
478:
475:
474:Die Traumbude
470:
464:
462:
458:
453:
447:
446:Die Traumbude
442:
432:
430:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:Klein Berssen
407:
403:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
362:Western Front
359:
355:
345:
343:
339:
334:
333:Die Traumbude
329:
328:
323:
322:
316:
314:
310:
306:
300:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
262:
257:
250:
244:
234:
207:
185:
178:
177:
151:
150:
124:
123:
121:
117:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
98:
94:
90:
86:
83:, Switzerland
82:
71:
67:
63:
59:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3778:Kleist Prize
3768:Goethe Prize
3725:Peter Handke
3720:Herta Müller
3710:Günter Grass
3582:Ingo Schulze
3577:Rafik Schami
3552:Herta Müller
3547:Terézia Mora
3537:Monika Maron
3487:Peter Handke
3453:Contemporary
3444:Stefan Zweig
3434:Christa Wolf
3429:Franz Werfel
3399:Ernst Toller
3389:Anna Seghers
3384:W. G. Sebald
3338:
3334:Robert Musil
3329:Adolf Muschg
3319:Erich Mühsam
3279:Kurd Laßwitz
3254:Sarah Kirsch
3249:Irmgard Keun
3229:Ernst Jünger
3214:Peter Huchel
3209:Ricarda Huch
3179:Peter Handke
3174:Günter Grass
3094:Volker Braun
3059:Hermann Bahr
3042:20th century
3028:Ludwig Tieck
2861:19th century
2779:18th century
2750:Martin Opitz
2720:Paul Fleming
2708:Early modern
2696:
2441:
2402:
2394:
2386:
2378:
2359:
2350:Arthur Wheen
2344:
2327:
2282:
2274:
2266:
2258:
2250:
2242:
2234:
2226:
2218:
2210:
2202:
2194:
2186:
2178:
2170:
2159:
2096:Find a Grave
2053:
2034:
2014:
2010:
2001:
1993:
1984:
1972:
1964:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1929:
1925:
1915:29 September
1913:. Retrieved
1911:. p. 16
1908:
1898:
1877:
1871:(in German).
1868:
1858:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1832:The Guardian
1831:
1822:
1813:
1808:
1799:
1793:
1784:
1778:
1770:the original
1761:
1751:
1739:. Retrieved
1735:
1726:
1714:. Retrieved
1709:
1699:
1691:
1686:
1674:. Retrieved
1670:the original
1656:
1647:
1637:
1628:
1622:
1610:
1598:. Retrieved
1594:
1585:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1552:. Retrieved
1548:
1539:
1527:. Retrieved
1523:
1513:
1493:
1486:
1478:
1473:
1461:. Retrieved
1457:
1447:
1428:
1407:. Retrieved
1403:
1371:
1364:
1352:. Retrieved
1327:. Retrieved
1323:
1314:
1302:
1258:
1245:
1235:(1974); play
1232:
1222:; screenplay
1220:The Last Act
1219:
1206:
1184:
1171:
1156:
1141:
1120:
1107:
1092:
1077:
1067:
1052:
1037:
1022:
1007:
993:
971:
941:
932:
928:
917:
873:
858:
846:
841:
813:
809:
783:
777:
773:
767:
757:
749:
732:The Last Act
731:
729:
722:
719:Douglas Sirk
714:
710:
700:
690:
686:
684:
658:
656:
633:
626:
614:
610:
606:
594:
578:
576:
560:
549:
528:
524:
522:
499:
481:
479:
468:
465:
456:
440:
438:
426:
399:
351:
325:
319:
317:
295:
259:
255:
205:
204:
75:(1970-09-25)
55:22 June 1898
18:
3964:War writers
3814:1970 deaths
3809:1898 births
3695:Nelly Sachs
3685:Thomas Mann
3602:Yoko Tawada
3587:Lutz Seiler
3462:Zsuzsa Bánk
3424:Peter Weiss
3404:Georg Trakl
3354:Nelly Sachs
3349:Joseph Roth
3304:Thomas Mann
3234:Franz Kafka
3224:Uwe Johnson
3219:Ernst Jandl
3159:Erich Fried
2928:Jacob Grimm
2550:Romanticism
1869:Der Spiegel
1766:Kuusankoski
1764:. Finland:
1741:20 December
1595:lambiek.net
1404:CliffsNotes
1233:Full Circle
1194:Other works
816:Hedy Lamarr
758:Full Circle
717:. In 1958,
673:Later years
648:declared, "
568:Porto Ronco
370:Hem-Lenglet
354:conscripted
270:World War I
108:(1938–1947)
96:Citizenship
3803:Categories
3670:Paul Heyse
3617:Jan Wagner
3299:Klaus Mann
3284:Gert Ledig
3269:Karl Kraus
3194:Georg Heym
3164:Max Frisch
3129:Paul Celan
3064:Vicki Baum
2963:Paul Heyse
2755:Hans Sachs
2715:Simon Dach
2338:Literature
2158:Novels by
2016:Free World
1977:"About Us"
1307:"Remarque"
1294:References
1079:Free World
898:Kaiserdamm
882:campus in
752:(1950) by
313:bookbinder
307:family in
292:Early life
88:Occupation
51:1898-06-22
2837:Jean Paul
2725:Hans Folz
2637:Minnesang
1666:Osnabrück
1329:3 October
1207:The Enemy
1202:Der Feind
920:Tony Judt
903:in Berlin
901:Boulevard
851:in 1958.
611:Collier's
390:armistice
378:Houthulst
356:into the
309:Osnabrück
106:Stateless
58:Osnabrück
3642:Juli Zeh
3607:Uwe Timm
3049:May Ayim
2993:Karl May
2630:Medieval
2443:Category
2425:" (song)
1887:Archived
1529:7 August
1463:7 August
1409:7 August
1266:See also
830:for the
414:Hümmling
406:Bentheim
386:Duisburg
382:shrapnel
91:Novelist
3455:writers
2831:Novalis
2220:Flotsam
2121:of the
2117:in the
2108:at the
1716:21 June
1676:25 June
1600:22 July
1554:5 March
1354:25 June
1251:(1994)
1238:(1988)
1225:(1956)
1212:(1955)
1199:(1931)
1177:(1971)
1164:(1970)
1149:(1962)
1128:(1961)
1113:(1956)
1100:(1954)
1085:(1952)
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