2083:
2024:, the result was a Falange intended as a "melting pot" for all of the various political factions on the Nationalist side of the civil war. It proclaimed support for "an economic middle way equidistant from liberal capitalism and Marxist materialism." Private initiative and ownership was recognized as the most effective means of production, but owners and managers were responsible for advancing that production for the common good. At the same time, it was made clear that the economy would continue to rest on private property, whose protection was guaranteed, while the state was envisioned as undertaking economic initiatives only when private enterprise failed or "the interests of the nation require it." In October 1937, the new leader of the Falange,
1856:
1041:
1016:
236:
1727:
760:
1716:
1824:, Falangism is unconcerned about racial purity and does not denounce other races for being inferior, claiming "that every race has a particular cultural significance" and claiming that the intermixing of the Spanish race and other races has produced a "Hispanic supercaste" that is "ethically improved, morally robust, spiritually vigorous". It was less concerned about biological Spanish racial regeneration than it was in advocating the necessity of Spanish
1942:
805:
139:
77:
36:
1739:
746:
3183:
3236:
1972:
Initially, Falangism in Spain, as promoted by Primo de Rivera, advocated a "national syndicalist" economy that rejected both capitalism and communism. Primo de Rivera denounced capitalism for being an individualist economy at the hands of the bourgeoisie that turned workers "into a dehumanized cog in
1804:
into Spain, both before and after its merger with the
Carlists. During its early years, the Falange produced maps of Spain that included Portugal as a province of Spain. The Carlists stated that a Carlist Spain would retake Gibraltar and Portugal. After the civil war, some radical members of the
1882:
heritage, saying that the
Germanic tribe of the Visigoths gave Spaniards their "national love for law and order". During the early years of the Falangist regime of Franco, the regime admired Nazi Germany and had Spanish archaeologists seek to demonstrate that Spaniards were part of the
1914:. Primo de Rivera saw the solution to the "Jewish problem" in Spain as simple: the conversion of Jews to Catholicism. However, on the issue of perceived political tendencies amongst Jews, he warned about Jewish-Marxist influences over the working classes. The Falangist daily newspaper
2855:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2006. p. 220: "the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS was formed... by representatives of very different ideologies united only by their proclaimed and resolute antiliberalism and anti-Marxism."
2094:
The
Spanish Falange supported conservative ideas about women and supported rigid gender roles that stipulated that women's main duties in life were to be loving mothers and submissive wives. This policy was set against that of the
3214:
3178:
1984:
economy that creates national syndicates of both employees and employers to organize and control the economic activity mutually. It further advocated agrarian reform, industrial expansion, and respect for
1820:
and racialist policies, viewing races as real and existing with differing strengths, weaknesses and accompanying cultures inextricably obtained with them. However, unlike other racialists such as the
2586:
M. K. Flynn. Ideology, mobilization, and the nation: the rise of Irish, Basque, and
Carlist national movements in the Nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Palgrave Macmillan, 1999. p. 178.
3231:
1924:
is the creator of two great evils that have afflicted humanity: capitalism and
Marxism". Primo de Rivera approved of attacks by Falangists on the Jewish-owned SEPU department stores in 1935.
1852:, Equatorial Guinea, there were two units of native Falangists and four of Europeans. In 1959, the Female Section extended its teaching to Guinean women to prepare them for independence.
1656:
1400:
1405:
1395:
842:
as some historians consider the
Falange to be a fascist movement based on its fascist leanings during the early years, while others focus on its transformation into an
1957:
Falangism supports a national, trans-class society while opposing individual-class-based societies such as bourgeois or proletarian societies. Falangism opposes
2020:
After the merger of the original
Falange with the Carlists in 1937 to form the new Falange (FET y de las JONS) that would serve as the sole political party of
3119:
1136:
2082:
1447:
2118:
3264:
3148:
865:, to form FET y de las JONS. This new Falange was meant to incorporate all Nationalist political factions and became the sole political party of
1933:". It has sought to unite Hispanic peoples through proposals to create a commonwealth or federation of Spanish-speaking states headed by Spain.
1927:
The
Spanish Falange and its Hispanic affiliates have promoted the cultural, economic and racial unity of Hispanic peoples around the world in "
1547:
149:
1800:
into Spain, and the new
Falange resulting from their unification in 1937 continued to do so. The Falange also advocated the incorporation of
317:
3190:
2971:
1769:
1525:
791:
3226:
3015:
3166:
1563:
3321:
3020:
419:
255:
3316:
920:
683:
553:
3374:
3202:
3037:
324:
990:. Some also state they lean more towards authoritarian conservativism. Scholarly sources reviewing Falangism place it on the
3087:
1122:
157:
3359:
3111:
3075:
1671:
1593:
1231:
1211:
1832:
designed to eliminate physical and psychological damage caused by pathogenic agents. Falangism did and still does support
3070:
2995:
1568:
311:
2017:
as illegal acts, while mirroring social democratic policies in supporting state jurisdiction over the setting of wages.
3091:
2943:
2928:
2734:
1424:
923:", declared Falangism to support the unity of Spain and the elimination of regional separatism, the establishment of a
1150:
3010:
3005:
1855:
1531:
200:
182:
120:
63:
2263:
2123:, 'Choirs and Dances' troupes. The Female Section enabled its leaders, women such as José Antonio's sister
338:
102:
3384:
1080:
858:
3096:
3269:
2964:
2325:
1921:
1762:
1471:
1236:
1129:
784:
350:
2517:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press; London: University of Cambridge Press, 1965. p. 195.
2136:
1962:
1946:
1899:
831:
809:
613:
533:
440:
269:
3389:
3354:
3311:
3080:
1836:
policies to stimulate increased fertility rate among ideal physically and morally fit citizens. The section in
1676:
87:
1906:
outside areas of political issues. The
Falange's position was influenced by the fact of the small size of the
369:
3259:
2419:
2320:
2288:
1541:
1476:
1442:
1191:
1085:
523:
1845:
1813:, Franco in a communiqué with Germany on 26 May 1942 declared that Portugal should be made a part of Spain.
1367:
3050:
2071:
1390:
1157:
375:
2151:
2025:
1372:
1115:
573:
563:
2248:
2043:
because it bolstered the Francoist claim of the nonexistence of social classes in Spain during his rule.
1907:
701:
357:
1980:
The Falange's original manifesto, the "Twenty-Seven Points", called for a social revolution to create a
1040:
3291:
2957:
2440:
2268:
2258:
2216:
1755:
1646:
843:
777:
719:
392:
299:
49:
3369:
3349:
3000:
1603:
1481:
1196:
1176:
884:'s direct influence on Spanish society, since one of the tenets of the Falangist ideology holds that
344:
17:
658:
235:
3379:
3364:
3101:
3060:
2273:
1863:
1805:
Falange called for reunification with Portugal and annexation of former Spanish territories in the
1719:
1553:
1536:
2664:
2206:
2186:
568:
3281:
3207:
3055:
2096:
1691:
1201:
905:
677:
583:
153:
98:
2415:"From National Catholicism to Romantic Love: The Politics of Love and Divorce in Franco's Spain"
2211:
643:
528:
3254:
3161:
2381:
Fascists and Conservatives: The Radical Right and the Establishment in Twentieth-Century Europe
1663:
1608:
1496:
1319:
363:
2161:
1701:
962:
The Spanish Falange and its affiliates in Hispanic states around the world promoted a form of
558:
3045:
2380:
2330:
2303:
2124:
2040:
909:
893:
618:
275:
2882:
972:
that advocated both the cultural and economic union of Hispanic societies around the world.
305:
3304:
2293:
2166:
1981:
1950:
1558:
1501:
1347:
1294:
1186:
1109:
1091:
1075:
1032:
936:
877:
724:
538:
478:
2253:
1965:
declared that "he State is founded on two principles—service to the united nation and the
398:
8:
3286:
2059:
1966:
1783:
1731:
1491:
1452:
1342:
1309:
1304:
1062:
1046:
980:
498:
493:
2598:
Stanley G. Payne. Fascism in Spain, 1923–1977. Univ of Wisconsin Press, 1999 pp. 330–331
2146:
2106:
1977:
economies for "enslaving the individual by handing control of production to the state."
1895:
1143:
1098:
430:
262:
3344:
3299:
3275:
2298:
2100:
2010:
1916:
1681:
1618:
1216:
1104:
1024:
995:
991:
984:
976:
928:
638:
281:
217:
2840:
The Myth of Mondragón: Cooperatives, Politics, and Working-class Life in a Basque Town
2191:
623:
2980:
2939:
2924:
2730:
2454:
2315:
2196:
1789:
1641:
1598:
1431:
1181:
1069:
944:
935:, all attributes that it had in common with fascism. The manifesto also called for a
835:
729:
653:
628:
548:
449:
386:
331:
293:
2127:, who never married, to achieve prominent public roles while promoting family life.
648:
2444:
2283:
2176:
2171:
2156:
2112:
2111:, 'Female Section' instructed women to be good wives and mothers, teaching
1990:
1986:
1867:
1859:
1337:
1314:
1274:
1015:
952:
948:
862:
819:
380:
94:
836:
Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista
543:
3394:
3171:
2871:. Thousand Oaks, California,; London; New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2005. p. 634.
2181:
2141:
2021:
1998:
1974:
1903:
1825:
1806:
1651:
1506:
1259:
1221:
1206:
940:
931:
as a means to regenerate Spain, and promoting the revival and development of the
889:
881:
866:
847:
764:
608:
603:
457:
240:
2949:
2564:. Thousand Oaks, California; London; New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2005. p. 633.
1465:
2771:. Thousand Oaks, California; London; New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2005. p. 633
2727:
The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain
2236:
2231:
2047:
1958:
1837:
1696:
1686:
1254:
987:
932:
901:
870:
593:
588:
578:
488:
55:
2885:[The Female Section of the Falange. Speeches and practices in Madrid]
2449:
2414:
3338:
3195:
2689:
2458:
2436:
2221:
2063:
2002:
1636:
1299:
1269:
1226:
1362:
1352:
2607:
2278:
2226:
2201:
2087:
2067:
2055:
2051:
1911:
1810:
1743:
1357:
1264:
963:
924:
897:
750:
633:
598:
287:
2869:
The Encyclopedia of Politics: The Left and the Right, Volume 2: The Right
2769:
The Encyclopedia of Politics: The Left and the Right, Volume 2: The Right
2562:
The Encyclopedia of Politics: The Left and the Right, Volume 2: The Right
2036:
1841:
1437:
885:
2936:
Spanish fascism in the Franco era: Falange Española de las Jons, 1936–76
2709:. Cambridge: Press Syndicate of Cambridge University Press, 1995. p. 46.
759:
2029:
1929:
1884:
1871:
1289:
1284:
983:
as its "enemies", declaring itself to be neither left nor right, but a
968:
504:
3156:
3134:
2432:
1888:
1879:
1817:
1801:
916:
869:. The merger was opposed by some of the original Falangists, such as
2525:
2523:
2400:. Madison, Wisconsin, USA: Wisconsin University Press, 1999. p. 273.
1941:
1587:
105:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
3219:
3129:
2014:
2006:
1833:
1829:
1797:
1458:
804:
2883:"La Sección Femenina de Falange. Discursos y prácticas en Madrid"
2520:
2058:
in the name of anti-communism, resulting in Spain supporting the
1793:
854:
839:
483:
2384:. Reprinted edition. Oxon, England: Routledge, 1990, 2001. p. 10
838:(FET y de las JONS). Falangism has a disputed relationship with
832:
Falange Española de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista
2653:. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. pp. 190–191.
2392:
2390:
1849:
1821:
853:
The original Falangist party, FE de las JONS, merged with the
1994:
1486:
956:
827:
2387:
2050:. The Spanish Falange supported Spanish intervention during
2028:, declared national syndicalism to be fully compatible with
164:
3065:
2074:
to support the German war effort against the Soviet Union.
1613:
886:
the state should have the supreme authority over the nation
2921:
Spaniards and Nazi Germany: collaboration in the new order
2640:. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. p. 191.
2627:. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. p. 190.
2551:. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. p. 189.
1910:
at the time that did not favour the development of strong
2665:"Así eran los 'falangistas negros' de la Guinea Española"
2533:. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001. pp. 120–121.
2356:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2006. pp. 219–220.
826:) was the political ideology of two political parties in
2614:. BasicBooks, a division of HarperCollins, 1994. p. 857.
2369:. Madison: Wisconsin University Press, 1999. pp. 77–102.
2478:. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995. p. 261.
2408:
2406:
1828:
spiritual regeneration. Some have nonetheless promoted
2577:. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2006. p. 26.
1973:
the machinery of bourgeois production," and denounced
2707:
Nationalism, Politics and the Practice of Archaeology
2829:. Madison: Wisconsin University Press, 1999. p. 281.
2816:. Madison: Wisconsin University Press, 1999. p. 299.
2803:. Madison: Wisconsin University Press, 1999. p. 298.
2721:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2403:
2035:
The Franco-era Falange supported the development of
1953:
as the alternative to both capitalism and communism
2979:
2779:
2777:
2712:
880:. However, it has held some secular views on the
830:that were known as the Falange, namely first the
3336:
2412:
2115:and cultivating the folk dances of Spain in its
2543:
2541:
2539:
2032:, drawing praise from the non-falangist right.
2774:
2470:
2468:
1816:Some of the Falangists in Spain had supported
294:Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS
2965:
2116:
2104:
2090:before delivering food for the needy in 1937.
1763:
785:
2880:
2842:. State University of New York, 1996. p. 75.
2536:
2509:
2507:
1661:
1006:
2881:Gahete Muñoz, Soraya (July–December 2015).
2465:
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2972:
2958:
2795:
2793:
2413:García-Fernández, Mónica (February 2022).
2348:
2346:
1770:
1756:
975:Falangism has attacked both the political
878:Roman Catholic religious identity of Spain
876:Falangism places a strong emphasis on the
792:
778:
27:Political ideology of the Falange Española
2863:
2861:
2504:
2448:
1564:1947 Spanish law of succession referendum
1548:Ley de Sucesión en la Jefatura del Estado
201:Learn how and when to remove this message
183:Learn how and when to remove this message
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
2853:World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia
2594:
2592:
2354:World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia
2081:
1940:
1902:, had little interest in addressing the
1854:
803:
420:Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista
318:Falange Española de las JONS (Auténtica)
256:Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista
163:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2923:, Columbia: Missouri University Press.
2790:
2662:
2656:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2429:The Contemporary European History Prize
2343:
921:Twenty-Six Point Program of the Falange
900:in society. Like fascism, Falangism is
14:
3337:
2874:
2858:
2130:
2953:
2867:Rodney P. Carlisle (general editor).
2767:Rodney P. Carlisle (general editor).
2745:Walter Laqueur, Judith Tydor Baumel.
2589:
2560:Rodney P. Carlisle (general editor).
1537:Army Conscription and Replacement Law
2490:
1594:Francisco Franco National Foundation
1232:Assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco
951:with the exception of nationalizing
888:. Falangism emphasizes the need for
834:(FE de las JONS) and afterwards the
132:
70:
29:
2696:. Blackwell Publishing, 2004. p. 3.
2086:Sección Femenina volunteers do the
1796:both promoted the incorporation of
1569:1966 Spanish organic law referendum
325:Falange Española de las JONS (1976)
312:Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party
24:
1425:Art and culture in Francoist Spain
1123:Instituto Nacional de Colonización
554:Sancho Dávila y Fernández de Celis
25:
3406:
2309:
1993:facilities to prevent capitalist
1532:Law of Political Responsibilities
45:This article has multiple issues.
2749:. Yale University Press, p. 183.
1737:
1725:
1715:
1714:
1081:National Council of the Movement
1039:
1014:
758:
744:
234:
137:
75:
34:
2845:
2832:
2819:
2806:
2761:
2752:
2739:
2705:Philip L. Kohl, Clare Fawcett.
2699:
2683:
2643:
2630:
2617:
2601:
2580:
2567:
2554:
2476:A History of Fascism, 1914–1945
2326:Insubordinate movement in Spain
2077:
1997:. The manifesto also supported
1472:Gender roles in Francoist Spain
1237:Spanish transition to democracy
1151:Sindicato Español Universitario
1130:Instituto Nacional de Industria
358:Movimiento Falangista de España
53:or discuss these issues on the
2851:Cyprian P. Blamires (editor).
2481:
2372:
2359:
2352:Cyprian P. Blamires (editor).
2264:Falange Española Independiente
1677:Latin Bloc (proposed alliance)
339:Falange Española Independiente
13:
1:
3375:Syncretic political movements
2663:Noguera, Jaime (2019-06-21).
2420:Contemporary European History
2336:
2321:Catalan independence movement
2289:National Radical Camp Falanga
1887:, particularly through their
1870:and other leading Nazis like
1542:Fundamental Laws of the Realm
1477:Motherhood in Francoist Spain
1443:Censorship in Francoist Spain
1192:Francoist concentration camps
1086:Spanish Syndical Organization
1001:
276:Falanga National Radical Camp
2529:Stein Ugelvik Larsen (ed.).
2137:José Antonio Primo de Rivera
1963:José Antonio Primo de Rivera
1947:José Antonio Primo de Rivera
1936:
1900:José Antonio Primo de Rivera
1391:Economy of Spain (1939-1959)
1158:Servicio Exterior de Falange
810:Falange Española de las JONS
614:José Antonio Primo de Rivera
534:Nicasio Álvarez de Sotomayor
441:Falange Española de las JONS
270:Falange Española de las JONS
7:
3360:Far-right politics in Spain
2827:Fascism in Spain, 1923–1977
2814:Fascism in Spain, 1923–1977
2801:Fascism in Spain, 1923–1977
2398:Fascism in Spain, 1923–1977
2367:Fascism in Spain, 1923–1977
2249:List of Falangist movements
2242:
1922:Judeo-Masonic International
1844:into its ranks. In 1938 in
1672:Francoist language policies
702:List of Falangist movements
370:Unidad Falangista Montañesa
101:the claims made and adding
10:
3411:
2913:
2747:The Holocaust Encyclopedia
2441:Cambridge University Press
2269:Falangism in Latin America
2259:Bolivian Socialist Falange
2217:Gonzalo Torrente Ballester
2070:'s foreign legions on the
1846:Santa Isabel, Fernando Póo
1781:
1647:Lost children of Francoism
1526:Francoist electoral regime
1492:Revisionist historiography
1368:Torcuato Fernández-Miranda
1212:First Francoist government
927:led by the Falange, using
844:authoritarian conservative
720:Falangism in Latin America
393:Republican Social Movement
351:Falange Española Auténtica
300:Bolivian Socialist Falange
3282:Government during the war
3247:
3147:
3110:
3036:
3029:
2988:
2785:Spain: the gentle anarchy
2729:. London: HarperCollins.
2575:Spain during World War II
2531:Fascism Outside of Europe
2513:Hans Rogger, Eugen Weber.
2450:10.1017/S0960777321000515
2152:Ernesto Giménez Caballero
2026:Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta
1908:Jewish community in Spain
1604:National Alliance July 18
1373:Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta
1197:Spain during World War II
1177:Spanish coup of July 1936
1137:Fuerzas Armadas de España
1116:Tribunal de Orden Público
1007:Nationalism and racialism
574:Alfonso García Valdecasas
564:Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta
345:National Alliance July 18
2787:. Praeger, 1965. p. 124.
2694:Visigothic Spain 409–711
2274:Falangist Mountain Unity
1554:Organic Law of the State
524:Ángel Alcázar de Velasco
146:This article or section
3385:Totalitarian ideologies
3030:Political organizations
2919:Bowen, Wayne H. (2000)
2097:Second Spanish Republic
2046:Falangism is staunchly
1878:Franco praised Spain's
1732:Conservatism portal
1692:Second Spanish Republic
1401:Second Development Plan
1202:Spain and the Holocaust
915:The Falange's original
678:La Conquista del Estado
3265:Evacuation of children
3162:International Brigades
2117:
2105:
2091:
1967:cooperation of classes
1954:
1875:
1792:, the Falange and the
1662:
1609:National Union (Spain)
1497:Sociological Francoism
1406:Third Development Plan
1396:First Development Plan
955:facilities to prevent
939:economy and advocated
857:in 1937 following the
846:political movement in
823:
812:
659:Enrique Zóbel de Ayala
3390:Antisemitism in Spain
3355:Conservatism in Spain
2938:, London: Macmillan.
2934:Ellwood, S.M. (1987)
2725:Paul Preston (2012).
2671:(in Spanish). Público
2331:Spanish republicanism
2304:National Radical Camp
2207:Pedro Sainz Rodríguez
2085:
2041:Mondragon Corporation
1989:except nationalizing
1944:
1858:
1664:Euskadi Ta Askatasuna
807:
619:Pilar Primo de Rivera
569:Rafael García Serrano
150:synthesis of material
2649:Roger Griffin (ed).
2636:Roger Griffin (ed).
2623:Roger Griffin (ed).
2547:Roger Griffin (ed).
2487:Ellwood, pp. 99–101.
2294:National syndicalism
2212:Rafael Sánchez Mazas
2167:Ramiro Ledesma Ramos
1982:national syndicalist
1951:national syndicalism
1702:Valley of the Fallen
1657:Diplomatic relations
1559:Political Reform Act
1519:Laws and referendums
1502:Symbols of Francoism
1348:Carlos Arias Navarro
1295:National Catholicism
1110:General Police Corps
1092:Frente de Juventudes
1076:Council of the Realm
945:industrial expansion
937:national syndicalist
644:Rafael Sánchez Mazas
539:Juan Antonio Ansaldo
529:Martín Almagro Basch
479:National syndicalism
3260:Concentration camps
3149:Foreign involvement
2612:Franco: a biography
2427:(1, Special Issue:
2162:Pedro Laín Entralgo
2131:Falangist theorists
2060:Anti-Comintern Pact
1894:The founder of the
1889:Visigothic heritage
1864:Ramón Serrano Suñer
1784:Spanish nationalism
1453:Eagle of Saint John
1343:Luis Carrero Blanco
1310:Spanish nationalism
1305:Spanish irredentism
1063:Movimiento Nacional
1047:Eagle of Saint John
765:Politics portal
684:Twenty-Seven Points
559:José Luis de Arrese
494:Spanish nationalism
3292:Spanish Revolution
2825:Stanley G. Payne.
2812:Stanley G. Payne.
2799:Stanley G. Payne.
2515:The European Right
2396:Stanley G. Payne.
2378:Martin Blinkhorn.
2365:Stanley G. Payne.
2299:Philippine Falange
2101:universal suffrage
2092:
2064:sending volunteers
1955:
1920:claimed that "the
1876:
1682:Pact of Forgetting
1619:Spanish Solidarity
1217:Stabilization Plan
1105:Armed Police Corps
996:political spectrum
947:, and respect for
929:political violence
859:Unification Decree
813:
639:Julio Ruiz de Alda
584:José Antonio Girón
306:Phalange Française
288:Lebanese Phalanges
160:to the main topic.
154:verifiably mention
148:possibly contains
86:possibly contains
3332:
3331:
3143:
3142:
2981:Spanish Civil War
2783:Benjamin Welles.
2316:Basque separatism
2254:Falange Auténtica
2197:Dionisio Ridruejo
1790:Spanish Civil War
1780:
1779:
1642:Hispanic eugenics
1432:Cantos nacionales
1182:Spanish Civil War
1070:FET y de las JONS
802:
801:
730:Fascist symbolism
629:Dionisio Ridruejo
518:Notable adherents
450:Spanish Civil War
399:Falange Auténtica
387:La Falange (1999)
211:
210:
203:
193:
192:
185:
131:
130:
123:
88:original research
68:
16:(Redirected from
3402:
3370:State ideologies
3350:Authoritarianism
3240:
3187:
3167:Non-intervention
3034:
3033:
2974:
2967:
2960:
2951:
2950:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2888:
2878:
2872:
2865:
2856:
2849:
2843:
2838:Sharryn Kasmir.
2836:
2830:
2823:
2817:
2810:
2804:
2797:
2788:
2781:
2772:
2765:
2759:
2756:
2750:
2743:
2737:
2723:
2710:
2703:
2697:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2660:
2654:
2647:
2641:
2634:
2628:
2621:
2615:
2605:
2599:
2596:
2587:
2584:
2578:
2573:Wayne H. Bowen.
2571:
2565:
2558:
2552:
2545:
2534:
2527:
2518:
2511:
2502:
2499:
2488:
2485:
2479:
2472:
2463:
2462:
2452:
2410:
2401:
2394:
2385:
2376:
2370:
2363:
2357:
2350:
2284:National Falange
2187:José María Pemán
2172:Leopoldo Lugones
2157:Carlos Ibarguren
2147:Álvaro Cunqueiro
2122:
2113:domestic economy
2110:
2107:Sección Femenina
1987:private property
1896:Falange Española
1868:Heinrich Himmler
1860:Francisco Franco
1772:
1765:
1758:
1744:Spain portal
1742:
1741:
1740:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1718:
1717:
1667:
1482:Francoist mottos
1338:Francisco Franco
1315:Spanish unionism
1275:Authoritarianism
1144:Cortes Españolas
1099:Sección Femenina
1043:
1018:
1011:
1010:
949:private property
941:agrarian reforms
863:Francisco Franco
794:
787:
780:
763:
762:
751:Spain portal
749:
748:
747:
462:
454:
446:
436:
431:Falange Española
426:
425:
381:National Falange
282:Falange Filipina
263:Falange Española
238:
213:
212:
206:
199:
188:
181:
177:
174:
168:
141:
140:
133:
126:
119:
115:
112:
106:
103:inline citations
79:
78:
71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
21:
3410:
3409:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3401:
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3399:
3380:Totalitarianism
3365:Francoist Spain
3335:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3243:
3234:
3181:
3172:Nyon Conference
3139:
3106:
3025:
3021:List of battles
2984:
2978:
2916:
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2900:
2898:
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2555:
2546:
2537:
2528:
2521:
2512:
2505:
2500:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2474:Stanley Payne.
2473:
2466:
2411:
2404:
2395:
2388:
2377:
2373:
2364:
2360:
2351:
2344:
2339:
2312:
2245:
2192:Onésimo Redondo
2182:Leopoldo Panero
2142:Nimio de Anquin
2133:
2080:
2022:Francoist Spain
1999:criminalization
1975:state socialist
1945:Falange leader
1939:
1807:French Pyrenees
1786:
1776:
1738:
1736:
1726:
1724:
1707:
1706:
1652:Carlo-francoism
1632:
1624:
1623:
1582:
1574:
1573:
1520:
1512:
1511:
1507:Yoke and arrows
1466:El Generalísimo
1419:
1411:
1410:
1386:
1378:
1377:
1333:
1325:
1324:
1260:Anti-liberalism
1250:
1242:
1241:
1222:Spanish miracle
1207:First Francoism
1172:
1164:
1163:
1057:
1044:
1009:
1004:
906:anti-democratic
890:total authority
882:Catholic Church
867:Francoist Spain
848:Francoist Spain
798:
757:
745:
743:
735:
734:
715:
707:
706:
697:
689:
688:
672:
664:
663:
624:Onésimo Redondo
609:Narciso Perales
604:Gustavo Morales
519:
511:
510:
474:
466:
465:
460:
458:Francoist Spain
452:
444:
434:
423:
417:
413:
405:
404:
250:
241:Yoke and arrows
239:
207:
196:
195:
194:
189:
178:
172:
169:
162:
152:which does not
142:
138:
127:
116:
110:
107:
92:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3408:
3398:
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3325:
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3319:
3309:
3308:
3307:
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3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3255:Army of Africa
3251:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3229:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3188:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3153:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3116:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3042:
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3027:
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3018:
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2998:
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2990:
2986:
2985:
2977:
2976:
2969:
2962:
2954:
2948:
2947:
2944:978-0333415856
2932:
2929:978-0826213006
2915:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2893:(in Spanish).
2873:
2857:
2844:
2831:
2818:
2805:
2789:
2773:
2760:
2751:
2738:
2735:978-0002556347
2711:
2698:
2682:
2655:
2642:
2629:
2616:
2600:
2588:
2579:
2566:
2553:
2535:
2519:
2503:
2501:Bowen, p. 152.
2489:
2480:
2464:
2402:
2386:
2371:
2358:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
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2328:
2323:
2318:
2311:
2310:Anti-Falangism
2308:
2307:
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2296:
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2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
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2241:
2240:
2239:
2237:Pierre Gemayel
2234:
2232:Bachir Gemayel
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2132:
2129:
2119:Coros y Danzas
2103:to women. Its
2099:that provided
2079:
2076:
2048:anti-communist
1959:class conflict
1938:
1935:
1904:Jewish problem
1838:Spanish Guinea
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
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1760:
1752:
1749:
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1697:Spanish Maquis
1694:
1689:
1687:Project Islero
1684:
1679:
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1669:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1633:
1631:Related topics
1630:
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1606:
1601:
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1583:
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1355:
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1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1320:Traditionalism
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1255:Anti-communism
1251:
1248:
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1244:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
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1199:
1194:
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1126:
1119:
1112:
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1083:
1078:
1073:
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1054:
1051:
1050:
1036:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1020:
1019:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
988:third position
933:Spanish Empire
902:anti-communist
871:Manuel Hedilla
800:
799:
797:
796:
789:
782:
774:
771:
770:
769:
768:
754:
737:
736:
733:
732:
727:
722:
716:
714:Related topics
713:
712:
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708:
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691:
690:
687:
686:
681:
673:
670:
669:
666:
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661:
656:
651:
649:Andrés Soriano
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
594:Ramiro Ledesma
591:
589:Manuel Hedilla
586:
581:
579:Pierre Gemayel
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
520:
517:
516:
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491:
489:Third Position
486:
481:
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467:
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437:
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411:
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376:National Front
373:
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364:National Union
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83:
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43:
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40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3306:
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3283:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3271:
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3258:
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3252:
3250:
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3238:
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3230:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3196:Condor Legion
3194:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3180:
3177:
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3054:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3046:Popular Front
3044:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2982:
2975:
2970:
2968:
2963:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2896:
2892:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2864:
2862:
2854:
2848:
2841:
2835:
2828:
2822:
2815:
2809:
2802:
2796:
2794:
2786:
2780:
2778:
2770:
2764:
2758:Bowen, p. 20.
2755:
2748:
2742:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2708:
2702:
2695:
2691:
2690:Roger Collins
2686:
2670:
2666:
2659:
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2646:
2639:
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2620:
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2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
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2238:
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2228:
2225:
2223:
2222:Antonio Tovar
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2177:Eugenio d'Ors
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
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2150:
2148:
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2135:
2134:
2128:
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2121:
2120:
2114:
2109:
2108:
2102:
2098:
2089:
2084:
2075:
2073:
2072:Eastern Front
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2008:
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2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1978:
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1970:
1968:
1964:
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1952:
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1932:
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1918:
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1643:
1640:
1638:
1637:Blue Division
1635:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1581:Neo-Francoism
1578:
1577:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1545:
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3305:White Terror
3274:
3248:Other topics
3124:
2935:
2920:
2901:17 September
2899:. Retrieved
2897:(2): 389–411
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2675:17 September
2673:. Retrieved
2668:
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2608:Paul Preston
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2361:
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2279:Kataeb Party
2227:Samy Gemayel
2202:Luis Rosales
2093:
2088:Roman salute
2078:Gender roles
2068:Nazi Germany
2056:Soviet Union
2054:against the
2052:World War II
2045:
2039:such as the
2037:cooperatives
2034:
2019:
1979:
1971:
1956:
1928:
1926:
1915:
1912:antisemitism
1893:
1877:
1815:
1811:World War II
1787:
1586:
1546:
1524:
1464:
1457:
1430:
1423:
1358:Manuel Fraga
1279:
1265:Anti-Masonry
1187:White Terror
1156:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1097:
1090:
1068:
1061:
1045:
974:
967:
964:panhispanism
961:
925:dictatorship
914:
910:anti-liberal
875:
852:
815:
814:
808:Logo of the
756:
742:
676:
654:Óscar Únzaga
634:Luis Rosales
599:Charles Luca
549:Tomás Borrás
503:
439:
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368:
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332:Fuerza Nueva
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147:
117:
108:
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
3287:Moscow gold
3235: [
3182: [
3112:Nationalist
2983:(1936–1939)
1842:Emancipados
1788:During the
1459:El Caudillo
1438:Cara al Sol
461:(1939–1975)
453:(1936–1939)
445:(1934–1937)
435:(1933–1934)
424:(1931–1934)
3339:Categories
3300:Red Terror
3135:Alfonsists
3125:Falangists
3038:Republican
2996:Background
2989:Chronology
2669:Strambotic
2337:References
2030:capitalism
1949:advocated
1930:hispanidad
1885:Aryan race
1880:Visigothic
1872:Karl Wolff
1782:See also:
1363:Blas Piñar
1353:Juan Yagüe
1290:Monarchism
1285:Militarism
1002:Components
969:hispanidad
824:Falangismo
671:Literature
505:Hispanidad
95:improve it
50:improve it
3345:Falangism
3157:Comintern
3016:1938–1939
2459:1469-2171
2433:Cambridge
2015:employers
2007:employees
1937:Economics
1818:racialism
1809:. During
1802:Gibraltar
1599:New Force
1280:Falangism
1033:Francoism
992:far right
985:syncretic
966:known as
917:manifesto
894:hierarchy
816:Falangism
725:Francoism
227:Falangism
165:talk page
99:verifying
56:talk page
18:Falangist
3296:Terrors
3276:Guernica
3220:Viriatos
3215:Portugal
3130:Carlists
2443:: 2–14.
2437:New York
2243:See also
2066:to join
2011:lockouts
1840:allowed
1830:eugenics
1826:Catholic
1798:Portugal
1794:Carlists
1720:Category
1249:Ideology
1025:a series
1023:Part of
979:and the
855:Carlists
473:Ideology
218:a series
216:Part of
3322:sidebar
3232:Belarus
3227:Ireland
3191:Germany
2914:Sources
2651:Fascism
2638:Fascism
2625:Fascism
2549:Fascism
2003:strikes
1874:in 1940
1418:Culture
1385:Economy
1171:History
994:of the
919:, the "
840:fascism
820:Spanish
484:Fascism
412:History
93:Please
3395:Racism
3317:navbox
2942:
2927:
2891:Arenal
2733:
2457:
1991:credit
1917:Arriba
1850:Malabo
1848:, now
1588:Búnker
1332:People
953:credit
908:, and
896:, and
158:relate
3312:Women
3270:Films
3239:]
3203:Italy
3186:]
2887:(PDF)
2125:Pilar
1995:usury
1866:with
1834:natal
1822:Nazis
1668:(ETA)
1487:No-Do
981:right
957:usury
898:order
828:Spain
696:Lists
3179:USSR
3120:CEDA
3076:PSUC
3071:PSOE
3066:POUM
3011:1937
3006:1936
3001:Coup
2940:ISBN
2925:ISBN
2903:2020
2731:ISBN
2677:2020
2455:ISSN
2435:and
2062:and
2009:and
1862:and
1614:23-F
1448:DGCT
977:left
3208:CTV
3102:PNV
3097:UGT
3092:FAI
3088:CNT
3061:PCE
3051:ERC
2445:doi
2431:).
2013:by
2005:by
2001:of
1969:".
861:of
156:or
97:by
3341::
3237:be
3184:ru
3081:UR
3056:IR
2895:22
2889:.
2860:^
2792:^
2776:^
2714:^
2692:.
2667:.
2610:.
2591:^
2538:^
2522:^
2506:^
2492:^
2467:^
2453:.
2439::
2425:31
2423:.
2417:.
2405:^
2389:^
2345:^
1961:.
1898:,
1891:.
1027:on
998:.
959:.
943:,
912:.
904:,
892:,
873:.
850:.
822::
220:on
59:.
3090:/
2973:e
2966:t
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2946:.
2931:.
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2679:.
2461:.
2447::
1771:e
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818:(
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180:(
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171:(
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124:)
118:(
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66:)
62:(
20:)
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