140:
35:
880:
security policy as quickly as possible, on the basis of a gentleman's agreement that the SDLP would participate in government for a year or two." But any idea of power sharing was anathema to many
Unionist in the post-Sunningdale climate of 1975. Indeed, in January 1976, Deputy leader Ernest Baird warned that "If Westminster does not accept the Protestants' rejection of power-sharing, it must face the inevitable consequences of a final conflict."
420:
387:
Vanguard was firmly supportive of extra-parliamentary activity in the form of direct action to achieve its goals. On 26 January 1972, Craig announced plans to hold large rallies in major centres in
Northern Ireland. The culmination was a large rally on 18 March 1972 in Belfast's Ormeau Park, attended
921:
subsequently became the main
Unionist party offering a more right wing alternative position to the Ulster Unionists. In the 1982 elections for the new Northern Ireland Assembly, Craig, who had once more left the Ulster Unionists after losing his seat at Westminster, revived the name Vanguard for his
357:
and a reversal of the reforms introduced by Brian
Faulkner and his predecessor. In a booklet published in late 1972 entitled 'Community of the British Isles', it even flirted with the idea of full independence for Northern Ireland, albeit within a structure which would also include Great Britain and
984:
The number of
Vanguard councillors elected in 1973 is a matter of some dispute among the various sources, as Whyte notes: "There is huge potential for confusion among the various candidate designations." As a minimum, James Knight, writing closest to the time, counted eight councillors. CAIN counts
908:
The 1977 local elections were overshadowed by the abortive United
Unionist Action Council (UUAC) Strike, which was mainly supported by the DUP and the UUUM. In contrast to 1974, when they had played a prominent role in the previous strike Vanguard criticised the strike and together with the UUP and
879:
in the event of there being a state of emergency. The move was a considerable surprise, with a confidential government memo commenting: "Mr. Craig appears to some as a knight in shining armour. The fact is that his aims were – and still are – simple: to get a devolved government which would control
874:
The
Constitutional Convention was intended to serve as a forum to allow the politicians of Northern Ireland to draw up their own proposals for the political future of the province, though this proved unsuccessful. However, it led to William Craig proposing a voluntary coalition with the nationalist
391:
Following the suspension of
Stormont and the imposition of direct rule in March 1972, Vanguard organised a general strike which lasted from 27 to 29 March. It affected power supplies, caused businesses to close and halted public transport. About 190,000 people participated and Vanguard members
891:
backing Craig and the other eleven convention members challenging Craig's leadership. Craig however claimed that he had the backing of the party's rank and file and this was confirmed when sixty percent of party members backed him at a specially convened meeting. The dissidents then broke away to
415:
in protest at the internment of
Protestants. The strike had the further stated goal to "re-establish some kind of Protestant or loyalist control over the affairs in the province, especially over security policy" The strike resulted in high levels of violence with five people, including a fireman,
912:
The 1977 council elections were seen as a crucial test of
Vanguard's ability to survive as a party and ultimately the party failed that test. Although thirteen councillors elected in 1973 stood as VUPP candidates, the party emerged from the election with only five councillors compared to twelve
916:
Craig then applied to rejoin the UUP in February 1978 and subsequently merged the remainder of Vanguard back into the Ulster Unionist Party, where it returned to its origins as a pressure group within the UUP as the Vanguard movement, although this too seems to have quickly faded away. The
439:
In addition to large rallies, Vanguard used other tactics to try to put pressure on the British Government. In July 1972, they called for a rent and rate strike, a proposal which put them at odds with other unionist parties and which was criticised by the
396:. Later 100,000 unionists converged on the drive leading to Stormont, where Craig addressed the crowds, but deferred to the outgoing Prime Minister Brian Faulkner, who managed to disperse the crowds. On 3 June 1972, VUPP organised a march in
338:
Vanguard strongly criticised the imposition of direct rule and in its booklet 'Ulster – A Nation', published in April 1972, it pledged "resistance to an undemocratic and un-British regime" and suggested the possibility of a federal British Isles.
388:
by up to 60,000 people, at which Craig said, "We must build up the dossiers on the men and women who are a menace to this country, because one day, ladies and gentlemen, if the politicians fail, it will be our duty to liquidate the enemy."
651:
During the 1973–75 period VUPP was able to match or even beat the DUP in several elections. However, their prospect of replacing the DUP as the second party of Unionism ended as a result of events during the Constitutional Convention.
318:
claiming that Vanguard rallies involved "a certain Hitlerian-type figure ... walking up and down the lines, inspecting his so-called storm-troopers." Craig however denied that the party was either neo-nazi or paramilitary.
899:
On 8 September 1975, Craig's proposals were decisively rejected at a meeting of the UUUC with 37 votes against and only Craig voting in favour. Consequently, Craig and the rump of VUPP were expelled from the UUUC.
435:
the following year, in which VUPP again played a prominent role, making their headquarters in Hawthornden Road, Belfast, available to the strike leaders. with Craig a leading member of the UWC co-ordinating committee
997:
However, in addition to the eleven above, a further thirteen councillors elected in 1973 (usually under a 'loyalist' label) contested the 1977 local elections either for Vanguard or for their splinter party, the
1150:
1045:
A further councillor, Mrs M. Corrie, elected in Castlereagh as a United Loyalist, is described in contemporary press reports as a Vanguard councillor, but did not contest the 1977 local elections.
1834:
1034:
in 1973, announced two days after the election in the local press that he would sit as a VUPP councillor although he stood in 1977 as a UUUP candidate. Finally, Randall Crawford, elected in
368:
In their 1974 Westminster manifesto, they called for the more mainstream Unionist option of either devolved government with full security responsibilities or full integration into the UK.
342:
At the Darlington Conference in September 1972, held to discuss various constitutional options for Northern Ireland, they proposed the restoration of the Northern Ireland Parliament as a
1349:
1248:
1102:
1540:
372:
2459:
361:
In late 1973 it rejected the idea of compulsory power-sharing with Irish Nationalists and consequently refused invitations to take part in the conferences which led to the
1827:
1480:
2616:
211:
and was involved in extra-parliamentary activity against the agreement. However, in 1975, during discussions on the constitutional status of Northern Ireland in the
2817:
2682:
2568:
2484:
2464:
1499:
1396:
2869:
1820:
1146:
2677:
275:, on 13 February 1972, Craig made the first of a number of bellicose pronouncements, declaring, "God help those who get in our way for we mean business."
2919:
1189:
346:
with a committee system to ensure greater participation by all parties. Internal security responsibilities would be restored. However, there would be a
464:
and the 1975 elections to the Constitutional Convention. The 1973 Sunningdale and local council elections were fought in an informal alliance with the
264:
2909:
2082:
1799:
2914:
2641:
1273:
1002:. This includes seven councillors elected as loyalists in 1973 who ran as VUPP candidates in 1977, namely Seymour, Armstrong, Semple and Stewart (
2874:
2601:
2281:
2889:
2848:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2576:
1556:
1346:
1241:
1099:
1844:
822:
715:
554:
457:
326:
groups. It had close links with, and strong support from loyalist paramilitary groups. Vanguard had its own paramilitary grouping called the
155:
2631:
2004:
576:
461:
1693:
2358:
795:
688:
286:. In opposition to this many in the Ulster Unionists broke away and founded a separate Vanguard Party, with William Craig as the leader.
252:
251:. The Ulster Vanguard movement was originally a political pressure group within the UUP. It was formed on 9 February 1972 and was led by
192:
47:
2626:
1674:
1289:
1083:
814:
707:
598:
212:
1537:
1220:
849:
787:
742:
680:
2636:
2611:
2512:
2333:
1477:
1377:
976:
951:
926:. However he failed to get elected. Craig's revived Vanguard was reportedly still in existence at the time of signing of the 1985
2226:
1912:
1752:
975:
After 1973, the office of Prime Minister of Northern Ireland was abolished. When devolution was restored in 1998, the offices of
841:
734:
532:
1205:
1064:
408:. Despite the violence, Craig pledged to continue the marches stating: "We are no longer protesting – we are demanding action."
2894:
2843:
2195:
2152:
1018:). A further four sitting councillors elected as Loyalists stood as UUUP candidates in 1977, namely McKeever (Larne), Ritchie (
1465:
371:
However, there were occasions when it did not follow the same course as other right-wing or unionist parties. For example, in
2884:
2231:
2107:
1118:
620:
510:
224:
1571:
1133:
2492:
2300:
2054:
2009:
1709:
923:
1586:
2899:
2822:
2497:
2323:
2274:
2147:
2087:
1655:
1433:
1039:
1327:
1308:
2795:
2770:
2507:
1927:
1922:
1415:
876:
379:, it campaigned for the United Kingdom to remain a member whilst the other Unionist parties campaigned for withdrawal.
244:
216:
1724:
1605:
942:(who was Vanguard's press officer from 1974 to 1977) while those elected for VUPP in 1975 included future UUP leaders
2812:
2127:
1974:
1780:
1496:
1443:
1393:
354:
1624:
1365:
Boyd, Andrew, 1972, Brian Faulkner and the Crisis of Ulster Unionism, Anvil Books, Tralee, Republic of Ireland. p100
2241:
2117:
1872:
306:
parties with an honour guard, a common salute and a habit of wearing sashes. This led to it being characterised as
2162:
2044:
2039:
2034:
1917:
1882:
412:
298:
party. The presence of features such as an honour guard and a common salute led opponents to accuse it of being
2313:
2267:
1979:
1932:
469:
279:
256:
1186:
2532:
2414:
2180:
2132:
1907:
1518:
1019:
950:, who served as Vanguard chairman from 1974 to 1975. Former deputy speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly,
448:
during which he claimed he could mobilise 80,000 men "who are prepared to come out and shoot and kill."
432:
160:
282:, Faulkner moved towards a policy of power-sharing with nationalist and non-sectarian politicians under the
2185:
2122:
2014:
1999:
1937:
1796:
999:
955:
893:
220:
150:
91:
2029:
1989:
376:
323:
938:
Several prominent current Ulster Unionist politicians were members of Vanguard, including future UUP MP
2879:
2838:
2591:
2527:
2474:
2428:
2024:
1027:
1007:
424:
411:
In February 1973 it was one of the only parties to support the two-day general strike organised by the
2753:
2547:
2454:
2190:
2142:
2092:
1952:
1942:
1897:
1887:
1867:
1035:
990:
918:
473:
465:
441:
330:(USC), whose main function seemed to be to provide escorts for Vanguard speakers attending rallies.
2904:
2373:
2157:
2102:
2059:
2019:
1994:
445:
243:
wing of the Ulster Unionist Party who were opposed to the policies of the party's leader, and last
139:
34:
2778:
2764:
2308:
2252: Excluding those left-wing parties avowedly nationalist / republican or unionist / loyalist.
2137:
1902:
1812:
1119:
Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organisations, Barberis/McHugh/Tyldesley (2003) p263
2774:
2343:
2216:
1690:
989:. Whyte counts ten, ignoring the councillor in Ards but counting two additional councillors in
327:
2290:
1023:
1003:
927:
362:
315:
283:
208:
196:
104:
84:
73:
1671:
1497:
Interim Report on the Report of the Commission of Enquiry into the 1972 Dublin bombings, p12
1286:
1080:
2236:
2077:
1217:
1031:
476:
and the Ulster Unionists, where the anti-Sunningdale wing of the party was now in control.
215:, William Craig suggested the possibility of voluntary power sharing with the nationalist
8:
1966:
1855:
1740:
James Knight and Nicolas Baxter-Moore's Northern Ireland Local Government Elections, 1973
295:
184:
96:
1374:
641:
Note: VUPP percentage figures in the Westminster elections are for Northern Ireland only
444:. Several months later, on 19 October 1972, Craig addressed a meeting of the right wing
2621:
2338:
2172:
2069:
1015:
963:
117:
1749:
1134:
Indispensable Traitors:Liberal Parties in settler conflicts by Thomas G. Mitchell, p89
456:
The party contested a succession of elections: to the brief Sunningdale Assembly, the
2586:
2552:
2537:
2221:
2097:
1962:
1892:
1439:
1267:
1061:
416:
being killed, seven people wounded, several explosions and numerous malicious fires.
401:
204:
2433:
2200:
2112:
1847:
405:
188:
1239:
2743:
2606:
2517:
2409:
1859:
1803:
1784:
1756:
1728:
1697:
1678:
1659:
1628:
1609:
1590:
1544:
1522:
1503:
1484:
1419:
1400:
1381:
1353:
1331:
1312:
1293:
1224:
1193:
1106:
1087:
1068:
200:
100:
2348:
1583:
986:
939:
347:
248:
1652:
468:
as "the loyalist coalition" while the latter three were fought as part of the
203:
paramilitary groups. The party was set up in opposition to power sharing with
2863:
2502:
2438:
2363:
2328:
2318:
1324:
1305:
966:, was deputy leader of the Vanguard movement but declined to join the party.
943:
884:
343:
322:
Ulster Vanguard was intended to provide an umbrella organisation for various
307:
268:
1412:
2581:
2542:
2522:
2393:
2378:
1984:
1721:
1602:
959:
260:
42:
2049:
1777:
1710:
A History of the Ulster Unionist Party: Protest, Pragmastism and Pessimism
2388:
2383:
1621:
2259:
227:, Craig merged the remainder of Vanguard into the UUP in February 1978.
2596:
2557:
2353:
1011:
993:
who he says were described as Vanguard councillors on the ballot paper.
888:
122:
2469:
2423:
2419:
2368:
947:
393:
303:
126:
1042:
in the 1975 Constitutional convention election as a VUPP candidate.
311:
427:
to members for use during the strike, showing the Vanguard emblem.
1842:
1515:
1287:
CAIN: Ulster Vanguard (n.d.,1972?) Community of the British Isles
913:
councillors elected in 1977 for their breakaway rival, the UUUP.
299:
272:
223:. Thereafter Vanguard declined and following poor results in the
1435:
Crimes of loyalty: A history of the UDA by Ian Wood, p 36–7
1206:
Political parties and terrorist groups by Leonard Weinberg, p106
985:
nine Vanguard councillors, counting an additional councillor in
1572:
Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organisations, p899
1538:
National Archives 19 September 1975, Catalogue ref CAB 134/3921
219:. In consequence the party split, with dissenters forming the
1081:
Northern Ireland Parliamentary Elections Results: Biographies
397:
302:. In its earliest days, it adopted the style associated with
2788:
1877:
1242:"The End of Stormont and imposition of direct rule in 1972"
419:
1533:
1531:
1384:, John Darby, chapter 8, 1974, CAIN. Retrieved 1 July 2012
1466:
Encyclopedia of British and Irish political organizations
2818:
Ulster Unionist Party Presidents and General Secretaries
1712:, p216, Graham Walker, Manchester University Press, 2004
1306:
White paper the Northern Ireland Constitution Part 2, 13
1528:
1422:
Conflict Archive on the Internet. Retrieved 1 July 2012
1612:
ARK – Access Research Knowledge. Retrieved 1 July 2012
1347:
The end of Stormont and the imposition of direct rule
1038:
in 1973 and 1977 as a non-party candidate, stood for
392:
barricaded and took effective control of the town of
1240:
Dr Marc Mulholland, St Catherine's College, Oxford.
1129:
1127:
933:
655:
946:(who briefly served as Vanguard Deputy Leader) and
762:
819:
712:
1124:
404:districts, which ended in violence on the city's
2861:
1174:Northern Ireland, a political directory, 1968–88
792:
685:
1413:Background to the Ulster Workers Council Strike
382:
375:on the United Kingdom's membership of the-then
1218:CAIN: Ulster Vanguard (1972) Ulster – A Nation
846:
739:
294:Vanguard is usually considered to have been a
199:(UUP) and was closely affiliated with several
2870:Defunct political parties in Northern Ireland
2275:
2083:Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist–Leninist)
1828:
1342:
1340:
1235:
1233:
909:Orange Order, called for it to be abandoned.
1272:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
431:The strike proved to be a forerunner of the
1778:1975 Londonderry Convention election result
883:As a result, the party was split with only
2920:1978 disestablishments in Northern Ireland
2282:
2268:
1835:
1821:
1797:International Socialism No.70 p 17–21
1337:
1230:
903:
599:Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention
2289:
1030:). Ben Horan, elected as a 'Unionist' in
962:, later a UUP MP and Grand Master of the
958:from 1975 to 1976 before joining the UUP
451:
2910:Political parties disestablished in 1978
977:First Minister and deputy First Minister
418:
195:, the party emerged from a split in the
2915:1972 establishments in Northern Ireland
1913:Ulster Progressive Unionist Association
1171:
1147:"The Stormont Papers – Volume 84, p621"
400:against the creation of no-go areas in
353:It demanded the "extermination" of the
350:to safeguard the rights of minorities.
2875:Far-right politics in Northern Ireland
2862:
2196:Ulster Movement for Self-Determination
1153:from the original on 30 September 2011
472:, a more formal arrangement, with the
2890:Political parties established in 1972
2263:
1816:
1750:Craigavon 1973 local election results
954:, served as a Vanguard councillor on
16:Former Northern Irish political party
2227:Newtownabbey Ratepayers' Association
1431:
482:Vanguard election results 1973–1977
255:(former Minister of Home Affairs at
2823:List of Ulster Unionist Party Peers
2148:Socialist Party of Northern Ireland
2088:Communist Party of Northern Ireland
1948:Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party
1768:Belfast Telegraph, 1 June 1973, p10
1254:from the original on 28 August 2008
173:Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party
26:Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party
13:
2232:Northern Ireland Women's Coalition
1928:Unionist Party of Northern Ireland
1923:Ulster Unionist Labour Association
245:Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
217:Social Democratic and Labour Party
14:
2931:
2813:List of Ulster Unionist Party MPs
1975:All Ireland Anti-Partition League
934:Prominent UUP members in Vanguard
892:form what would later become the
656:February 1974 UK general election
355:Provisional Irish Republican Army
187:political party which existed in
2118:Labour Party of Northern Ireland
1873:Independent Unionist Association
1593:Conflict Archive on the INternet
1325:The Referendums of 1973 and 1975
1296:Conflict Archive on the INternet
1227:Conflict Archive on the INternet
1176:. Blackstaff Press. p. 286.
1071:Conflict Archive on the INternet
1062:Abstracts of Organisations – 'U'
763:October 1974 UK general election
138:
33:
2045:Republican Socialist Collective
1918:Ulster Unionist Coalition Party
1883:Northern Ireland Unionist Party
1790:
1787:ARK – Access Research Knowledge
1771:
1762:
1759:ARK – Access Research Knowledge
1743:
1734:
1731:ARK – Access Research Knowledge
1722:1973 Local Government elections
1715:
1703:
1684:
1665:
1646:
1634:
1615:
1596:
1577:
1565:
1550:
1525:ARK – Access Research Knowledge
1509:
1490:
1487:Hansard, 24 July 1972, Col.1350
1471:
1459:
1425:
1406:
1387:
1368:
1359:
1334:ARK – Access Research Knowledge
1318:
1299:
1280:
1211:
1100:Craig's speech at Lisburn rally
413:Loyalist Association of Workers
263:and the former Stormont MP for
225:1977 local government elections
2128:League for a Workers' Republic
1933:United Ulster Unionist Council
1584:Chronology of UUAC 1977 strike
1199:
1180:
1165:
1139:
1112:
1093:
1074:
1055:
470:United Ulster Unionist Council
458:February 1974 General Election
314:with the Stormont unionist MP
191:between 1972 and 1978. Led by
1:
2895:Ulster loyalist organisations
2242:Unbought Tenants' Association
2181:British Ulster Dominion Party
2133:Northern Ireland Labour Party
1908:Ulster Popular Unionist Party
1603:1977 council election results
1394:VUPP organises march in Derry
1149:. Stormontpapers.ahds.ac.uk.
1048:
502:Total no. of seats available
462:October 1974 General Election
433:Ulster Workers Council Strike
2885:Protestant political parties
2186:Ulster Independence Movement
2123:Labour and Trade Union Group
2015:National League of the North
1938:United Ulster Unionist Party
1631:, ARK. Retrieved 1 July 2012
1000:United Ulster Unionist Party
956:Newtownabbey Borough Council
894:United Ulster Unionist Party
383:Extra-Parliamentary activity
278:After the suspension of the
221:United Ulster Unionist Party
151:Politics of Northern Ireland
7:
2108:Independent Socialist Party
1990:Irish Anti-Partition League
377:European Economic Community
333:
289:
10:
2936:
2900:Ulster nationalist parties
2055:Socialist Republican Party
2025:Northern Council for Unity
1516:Northern Ireland elections
481:
271:. At its first meeting in
259:) with its deputy leaders
230:
2831:
2805:
2752:
2736:
2650:
2567:
2483:
2447:
2402:
2299:
2250:
2209:
2191:Ulster Independence Party
2171:
2143:Socialist Labour Alliance
2068:
2005:National Democratic Party
1961:
1953:Volunteer Political Party
1943:United Unionist Coalition
1898:Ulster Constitution Party
1888:Protestant Unionist Party
1868:Commonwealth Labour Party
1854:
1806:Marxists Internet Archive
1783:30 September 2007 at the
1696:26 September 2006 at the
1681:Northern Ireland Assembly
1521:27 September 2011 at the
1172:Flackes, William (1989).
1006:); Green and Mary O'Fee (
919:Democratic Unionist Party
533:Northern Ireland Assembly
474:Democratic Unionist Party
358:the Republic of Ireland.
213:constitutional convention
146:
137:
132:
116:
90:
80:
69:
61:
53:
41:
32:
23:
2737:Organisational structure
2103:Independent Labour Group
1995:Irish Independence Party
1502:26 November 2007 at the
1086:26 February 2019 at the
1067:22 February 2011 at the
969:
869:
446:Conservative Monday Club
423:Pass card issued by the
235:It had its roots in the
207:parties. It opposed the
2765:Irish Unionist Alliance
2138:Republican Labour Party
2000:Irish Union Association
1903:Ulster Democratic Party
1506:Office of the Taoiseach
1375:Intimidation in Housing
1330:17 October 2017 at the
1311:11 October 2007 at the
1292:20 October 2007 at the
1192:2 December 2019 at the
904:Decline and disbandment
621:Local council elections
511:Local council elections
499:No. of members elected
425:Ulster Workers' Council
344:single-chamber assembly
179:), informally known as
118:Political position
2217:Democratic Partnership
1672:Biography of Reg Empey
1380:5 January 2013 at the
452:Electoral performances
428:
328:Vanguard Service Corps
2756:related organisations
2292:Ulster Unionist Party
2163:World Socialist Party
1755:3 August 2018 at the
1662:Ulster Unionist Party
1589:14 March 2012 at the
1557:Down the Road to Hell
1432:Wood, Ian S. (2006).
1352:21 March 2016 at the
1105:21 March 2016 at the
979:were created instead.
928:Anglo-Irish Agreement
422:
363:Sunningdale Agreement
284:Sunningdale Agreement
269:Captain Austin Ardill
209:Sunningdale Agreement
197:Ulster Unionist Party
85:Ulster Unionist Party
74:Ulster Unionist Party
2794:Electoral alliance:
2651:Leadership elections
2237:Ulster Liberal Party
2078:Belfast Labour Party
2040:Red Republican Party
1980:Federation of Labour
1845:political parties of
1691:Jim Wilson biography
1658:28 June 2007 at the
1627:23 June 2018 at the
1622:East Belfast 1973–82
1543:1 April 2008 at the
1418:8 March 2008 at the
1399:7 March 2008 at the
1247:. Cengage Learning.
1187:The troubles article
577:Westminster election
555:Westminster election
2153:United Labour Party
1727:18 May 2016 at the
1643:, 16 November 1985.
1608:16 May 2016 at the
1483:1 July 2009 at the
1315:Université Rennes 2
1223:28 May 2007 at the
373:the 1975 referendum
280:Stormont Parliament
97:British nationalism
2173:Ulster nationalist
2035:People's Democracy
2030:Official Sinn Féin
1802:4 May 2008 at the
1677:3 May 2008 at the
1641:Belfast Newsletter
429:
105:Anti-Power Sharing
76:(in December 1973)
2880:Falangist parties
2857:
2856:
2849:Electoral history
2569:General Secretary
2257:
2256:
2222:Natural Law Party
2098:Dock Labour Party
2010:Nationalist Party
1893:UK Unionist Party
1562:, 19 January 1976
1547:National Archives
960:Rev. Martin Smyth
867:
866:
760:
759:
638:
637:
496:% of total votes
316:William McConnell
205:Irish nationalist
169:
168:
156:Political parties
111:
2927:
2844:Election results
2775:Liberal Unionist
2771:Labour Unionists
2528:J. G. Cunningham
2523:J. L. O. Andrews
2344:Chichester-Clark
2293:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2261:
2260:
2201:Ulster Third Way
2113:Labour coalition
1848:Northern Ireland
1837:
1830:
1823:
1814:
1813:
1807:
1794:
1788:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1760:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1732:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1688:
1682:
1669:
1663:
1653:Burnside profile
1650:
1644:
1638:
1632:
1619:
1613:
1600:
1594:
1581:
1575:
1569:
1563:
1554:
1548:
1535:
1526:
1513:
1507:
1494:
1488:
1478:NORTHERN IRELAND
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1429:
1423:
1410:
1404:
1391:
1385:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1357:
1356:Cengage Learning
1344:
1335:
1322:
1316:
1303:
1297:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1271:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1253:
1246:
1237:
1228:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1122:
1116:
1110:
1109:Cengage Learning
1097:
1091:
1078:
1072:
1059:
854:
853:
852:
827:
826:
825:
800:
799:
798:
767:
766:
747:
746:
745:
720:
719:
718:
693:
692:
691:
660:
659:
493:Number of votes
479:
478:
406:Craigavon Bridge
261:Rev Martin Smyth
189:Northern Ireland
142:
107:
81:Merged into
37:
21:
20:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2905:Ulster unionism
2860:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2827:
2801:
2755:
2748:
2744:Young Unionists
2732:
2646:
2563:
2479:
2443:
2398:
2295:
2291:
2288:
2258:
2253:
2246:
2205:
2167:
2093:Democratic Left
2064:
1957:
1850:
1841:
1811:
1810:
1804:Wayback Machine
1795:
1791:
1785:Wayback Machine
1776:
1772:
1767:
1763:
1757:Wayback Machine
1748:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1729:Wayback Machine
1720:
1716:
1708:
1704:
1698:Wayback Machine
1689:
1685:
1679:Wayback Machine
1670:
1666:
1660:Wayback Machine
1651:
1647:
1639:
1635:
1629:Wayback Machine
1620:
1616:
1610:Wayback Machine
1601:
1597:
1591:Wayback Machine
1582:
1578:
1570:
1566:
1555:
1551:
1545:Wayback Machine
1536:
1529:
1523:Wayback Machine
1514:
1510:
1504:Wayback Machine
1495:
1491:
1485:Wayback Machine
1476:
1472:
1464:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1430:
1426:
1420:Wayback Machine
1411:
1407:
1401:Wayback Machine
1392:
1388:
1382:Wayback Machine
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1354:Wayback Machine
1345:
1338:
1332:Wayback Machine
1323:
1319:
1313:Wayback Machine
1304:
1300:
1294:Wayback Machine
1285:
1281:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1244:
1238:
1231:
1225:Wayback Machine
1216:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1194:Wayback Machine
1185:
1181:
1170:
1166:
1156:
1154:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1132:
1125:
1117:
1113:
1107:Wayback Machine
1098:
1094:
1088:Wayback Machine
1079:
1075:
1069:Wayback Machine
1060:
1056:
1051:
972:
936:
906:
872:
848:
847:
823:Robert Bradford
821:
820:
794:
793:
765:
741:
740:
716:Robert Bradford
714:
713:
687:
686:
658:
454:
385:
336:
292:
241:Ulster Vanguard
233:
181:Ulster Vanguard
165:
112:
103:
101:Ulster loyalism
99:
70:Split from
28:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2933:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2792:
2781:
2767:
2760:
2758:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2683:September 1995
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2489:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2417:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2403:Deputy Leaders
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2305:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2287:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2177:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2158:Workers League
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2074:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2020:National Unity
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1852:
1851:
1840:
1839:
1832:
1825:
1817:
1809:
1808:
1789:
1770:
1761:
1742:
1733:
1714:
1702:
1683:
1664:
1645:
1633:
1614:
1595:
1576:
1564:
1549:
1527:
1508:
1489:
1470:
1458:
1444:
1424:
1405:
1386:
1367:
1358:
1336:
1317:
1298:
1279:
1229:
1210:
1198:
1179:
1164:
1138:
1123:
1111:
1092:
1090:Election Demon
1073:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1047:
995:
994:
981:
980:
971:
968:
940:David Burnside
935:
932:
905:
902:
871:
868:
865:
864:
861:
858:
855:
844:
838:
837:
834:
831:
828:
817:
811:
810:
807:
804:
801:
790:
784:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
764:
761:
758:
757:
754:
751:
748:
737:
731:
730:
727:
724:
721:
710:
704:
703:
700:
697:
694:
683:
677:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
657:
654:
643:
642:
636:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
618:
614:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
596:
592:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
574:
570:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
552:
551:February 1974
548:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
530:
526:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
508:
504:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
484:
483:
453:
450:
384:
381:
348:bill of rights
335:
332:
291:
288:
249:Brian Faulkner
232:
229:
167:
166:
164:
163:
158:
153:
147:
144:
143:
135:
134:
130:
129:
120:
114:
113:
94:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
45:
39:
38:
30:
29:
25:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2932:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2797:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2780:
2779:Conservatives
2776:
2772:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2538:J. Cunningham
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2503:J. M. Andrews
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2334:Brookeborough
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2285:
2280:
2278:
2273:
2271:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2249:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1826:
1824:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1805:
1801:
1798:
1793:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1765:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1746:
1737:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1718:
1711:
1706:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1687:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1668:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1642:
1637:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1618:
1611:
1607:
1604:
1599:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1580:
1573:
1568:
1561:
1558:
1553:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1534:
1532:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1512:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1493:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1467:
1462:
1447:
1445:9780748624270
1441:
1437:
1436:
1428:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1409:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1390:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1371:
1362:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1321:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1302:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1283:
1275:
1269:
1250:
1243:
1236:
1234:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1214:
1207:
1202:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1175:
1168:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1135:
1130:
1128:
1120:
1115:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1077:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1026:) and Parke (
1025:
1021:
1020:Carrickfergus
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
992:
988:
983:
982:
978:
974:
973:
967:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
944:David Trimble
941:
931:
929:
925:
922:candidacy in
920:
914:
910:
901:
897:
895:
890:
886:
885:David Trimble
881:
878:
862:
859:
856:
851:
845:
843:
840:
839:
835:
832:
829:
824:
818:
816:
815:Belfast South
813:
812:
808:
805:
802:
797:
796:William Craig
791:
789:
786:
785:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
768:
755:
752:
749:
744:
738:
736:
733:
732:
728:
725:
722:
717:
711:
709:
708:Belfast South
706:
705:
701:
698:
695:
690:
689:William Craig
684:
682:
679:
678:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
661:
653:
649:
647:
640:
639:
633:
630:
627:
624:
622:
619:
616:
615:
611:
608:
605:
602:
600:
597:
594:
593:
589:
586:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:October 1974
572:
571:
567:
564:
561:
558:
556:
553:
550:
549:
545:
542:
539:
536:
534:
531:
528:
527:
523:
520:
517:
514:
512:
509:
506:
505:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
485:
480:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
449:
447:
443:
437:
434:
426:
421:
417:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
389:
380:
378:
374:
369:
366:
364:
359:
356:
351:
349:
345:
340:
331:
329:
325:
320:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
287:
285:
281:
276:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
253:William Craig
250:
246:
242:
238:
228:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:William Craig
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
148:
145:
141:
136:
131:
128:
124:
121:
119:
115:
110:
106:
102:
98:
95:
93:
89:
86:
83:
79:
75:
72:
68:
65:February 1978
64:
60:
57:February 1972
56:
52:
49:
48:William Craig
46:
44:
40:
36:
31:
22:
19:
2832:Other topics
2784:
2763:Progenitor:
1985:Fianna Uladh
1947:
1792:
1773:
1764:
1745:
1736:
1717:
1705:
1686:
1667:
1648:
1640:
1636:
1617:
1598:
1579:
1574:Google Books
1567:
1559:
1552:
1511:
1492:
1473:
1468:Google Books
1461:
1449:. Retrieved
1434:
1427:
1408:
1389:
1370:
1361:
1320:
1301:
1282:
1256:. Retrieved
1213:
1208:Google Books
1201:
1182:
1173:
1167:
1155:. Retrieved
1141:
1136:Google Books
1121:Google Books
1114:
1095:
1076:
1057:
1044:
996:
964:Orange Order
937:
924:East Belfast
915:
911:
907:
898:
882:
873:
788:Belfast East
770:Constituency
681:Belfast East
663:Constituency
650:
645:
644:
455:
438:
430:
410:
390:
386:
370:
367:
360:
352:
341:
337:
321:
293:
277:
240:
236:
234:
180:
176:
172:
170:
109:(until 1975)
108:
18:
2783:Offshoots:
2754:History and
2642:C. McCusker
2434:McCallister
1963:Nationalist
1700:NI Assembly
1196:BBC History
1040:Londonderry
1024:Castlereagh
1016:Londonderry
850:John Dunlop
743:John Dunlop
402:nationalist
2864:Categories
2839:Chief Whip
2787:(1973–78)/
2678:March 1995
2587:Hungerford
2560:(honorary)
2309:Saunderson
1967:Republican
1049:References
1022:), Scott (
1012:Glenn Barr
1008:North Down
952:Jim Wilson
889:Glenn Barr
842:Mid Ulster
735:Mid Ulster
595:June 1975
529:June 1973
296:right-wing
133:Party flag
123:Right-wing
2791:(2013-16)
2622:Patterson
2485:President
2359:Molyneaux
2324:Craigavon
2070:Left-wing
2050:Saor Éire
1036:Coleraine
1028:Cookstown
991:Craigavon
948:Reg Empey
782:Position
773:Candidate
675:Position
666:Candidate
617:May 1977
507:May 1973
490:Election
394:Portadown
308:Mosleyite
304:falangist
161:Elections
127:far-right
62:Dissolved
2785:Vanguard
2769:Allies:
2493:Hamilton
2465:Campbell
2448:Chairman
2410:McCusker
2349:Faulkner
1860:Loyalist
1856:Unionist
1843:Defunct
1800:Archived
1781:Archived
1753:Archived
1725:Archived
1694:Archived
1675:Archived
1656:Archived
1625:Archived
1606:Archived
1587:Archived
1541:Archived
1519:Archived
1500:Archived
1481:Archived
1416:Archived
1403:BBC News
1397:Archived
1378:Archived
1350:Archived
1328:Archived
1309:Archived
1290:Archived
1268:cite web
1258:15 April
1249:Archived
1221:Archived
1190:Archived
1151:Archived
1103:Archived
1084:Archived
1065:Archived
334:Policies
324:loyalist
312:neo-Nazi
310:or even
290:Ideology
257:Stormont
237:Vanguard
201:loyalist
185:unionist
183:, was a
92:Ideology
2592:Douglas
2475:Kennedy
2429:Kennedy
2394:Beattie
2379:Nesbitt
2374:Elliott
2364:Trimble
2339:O'Neill
2329:Andrews
2301:Leaders
1451:15 June
1157:15 June
1032:Belfast
1010:); and
603:83,507
581:92,622
559:75,944
537:75,709
515:13,305
300:fascist
273:Lisburn
265:Carrick
231:Origins
54:Founded
2798:(2009)
2637:Wilson
2612:Wilson
2607:Millar
2602:Hutton
2597:Bailie
2577:Gibson
2558:Steele
2518:Graham
2513:Brooke
2460:Cooper
2439:Butler
2422:&
2415:Taylor
2319:Carson
2210:Others
1442:
857:30,552
830:30,116
803:31,594
750:26,044
723:22,083
696:27,817
646:Source
625:8,135
460:, the
43:Leader
2806:Lists
2796:UCUNF
2632:Corry
2582:Bates
2553:White
2548:Rogan
2543:Smyth
2533:Clark
2508:Dixon
2498:Craig
2470:Empey
2455:Rogan
2424:Beggs
2420:Empey
2389:Aiken
2384:Swann
2369:Empey
2060:Unity
1252:(PDF)
1245:(PDF)
1004:Larne
970:Notes
870:Split
776:Votes
669:Votes
606:12.7
584:13.1
562:10.6
540:11.5
521:8–10
487:Date
398:Derry
2789:NI21
2728:2024
2723:2021
2718:2019
2713:2017
2708:2012
2703:2010
2698:2005
2693:2004
2688:2000
2673:1979
2668:1974
2663:1971
2658:1969
2617:Boyd
2354:West
2314:Long
1878:NI21
1560:Time
1453:2010
1440:ISBN
1274:link
1260:2008
1159:2010
987:Ards
887:and
877:SDLP
860:47.4
833:59.2
806:59.1
753:39.0
726:42.6
699:48.4
634:524
628:1.5
524:524
518:1.6
177:VUPP
171:The
2627:Rea
612:78
609:14
590:12
568:12
546:78
466:DUP
442:DUP
239:or
125:to
2866::
1965:/
1858:/
1530:^
1438:.
1339:^
1270:}}
1266:{{
1232:^
1126:^
930:.
896:.
863:1
836:1
809:1
756:1
729:1
702:1
648::
631:5
587:3
565:3
543:7
365:.
267:,
247:,
2777:/
2773:/
2283:e
2276:t
2269:v
1836:e
1829:t
1822:v
1455:.
1276:)
1262:.
1161:.
1014:(
779:%
672:%
175:(
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