496:. It begins with a little girl standing in a meadow, birds chirping in the background; she picks and clumsily counts the petals off of a daisy. When she reaches 'nine', an ominous male voice begins a launch countdown. The girl's gaze turns toward the sky and the camera zooms into her eye until her pupil blackens the screen. As the countdown reaches zero, a nuclear explosion flashes on and morphs into a mushroom cloud. While the firestorm rages, Johnson's declares, "These are the stakes! To make a world in which all of God's children can live, or to go into the dark. We must either love each other, or we must die." Another voice then says, "Vote for President Johnson on November 3. The stakes are too high for you to stay home."
50:
516:. Stories about crime, and especially violent crimes and crimes against children, figure prominently among newspaper headlines. An analysis of US newspapers has found that between 10 and 30% of headlines involve crime and fear, with a tendency to a shift of focus from isolated crime events to more thematic articles about fear. In the United Kingdom, the news media have routinely used a focus on gory sex crimes as a parameter of competition. The continued focus on emotionally touching sex crimes has had a strong influence on politics and legislation in the country.
235:
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in which people perceive the world as more dangerous than it really is. Fearmongering can make people fear the wrong things, and use too many resources to avoid rare and unlikely dangers while more probable dangers are ignored. For example, some parents have kept their children at home to prevent
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566:. The Auckland seller of almanacs made predictions about earthquakes and weather patterns based on lunar cycles, and some of his predictions were taken seriously by some members of the public in connection with the
555:
technique, and over the last several years, advertisers have continued to increase their usage of fear in ads in what has been called a "never-ending arms race in the advertising business".
551:, fear-based advertising works. While using fear in ads has generated some negative reactions by the public, there is evidence to show that "shockvertising" is a highly effective
457:
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government. Historians disagree about who were controlling the strategy of tension, but there is evidence that both national neofascist groups and foreign powers were involved.
1156:
1183:
944:
Signorielli, N (1990). "Television's Mean and
Dangerous World: A Continuation of the Cultural Indicators Perspective". In Signorielli, N; Morgan, M (eds.).
263:
424:
1315:
493:
809:
299:, humans have a strong impulse to pay attention to danger because awareness of dangers has been important for survival throughout their
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612:
is also a kind of psychological warfare. It is creating violence and terror in order to get media attention or to scare an enemy.
830:
Shoemaker, Pamela J. (1996). "Hardwired for News: Using
Biological and Cultural Evolution to Explain the Surveillance Function".
2322:
352:
of all kinds are often using fearmongering as a tactic in the competition for attention, as illustrated by the examples below.
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to persuade people into making emotional rather than reasoned choices. From car commercials that imply that having fewer
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have also entered the arena with their discovery that "fear sells". Ad campaigns based on fear, sometimes referred to as
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for the purpose of influencing a target population. The tactics often involves defamation of an enemy by means of
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to rely extensively on scary stories and bad news in a competition that has been characterized as an emotional
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by increasing support for the incumbent political leaders. For example, official warnings about the risk of
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Zhu, Jian-Hua (1992). "Issue competition and attention distraction: A zero-sum theory of agenda-setting".
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106:
974:
Willer, R (2004). "The effects of government-issued terror warnings on presidential approval ratings".
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283:, is a form of manipulation that causes fear by using exaggerated rumors of impending danger.
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531:, have become increasingly popular in recent years. Fear is a strong emotion and it can be
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attacks have been used as a pretext for starting a war in many cases, including the
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810:"fearmongering - definition of fearmongering in English | Oxford Dictionaries"
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Italian
Neofascism: The Strategy of Tension and the Politics of Nonreconciliation
1082:
What is happening to news: The information explosion and the crisis in journalism
1022:
917:
Gerbner, G (1980). "The "mainstreaming" of
America: violence profile number 11".
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attacks. The main purpose of the strategy of tension in Italy was to prevent the
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attacks in the country in these years. Some of these attacks were committed by
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16:"Fearmonger" and "Scare tactics" redirect here. For the Doctor Who drama, see
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groups. Many of the apparent left-wing attacks were suspected or confirmed
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643:. The strategy of tension is associated in particular with the widespread
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1984:
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Sex Crime and the Media: Sex
Offending and the Press in a Divided Society
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Warlike and
Peaceful Societies: The Interaction of Genes and Culture
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is a famous television commercial that aired in 1964 and was run by
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attacks have led to increased support for the proposed policies of
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2007:
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961:
The
Culture of Fear: Why Americans are Afraid of the Wrong Things
632:
619:, which is based on making violence and chaos in order to create
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in many countries for purposes such as increasing support for an
314:
The attention of citizens is a fiercely contested resource that
2148:
640:
536:
1255:
Threats to
Democracy: The Radical Right in Italy after the War
946:
Cultivation
Analysis: New Directions in Media Effects Research
372:
while they paid less attention to more common dangers such as
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1788:
1225:
The theater of terror: Mass media and international terrorism
995:
Selling Fear: Counterterrorism, the Media, and Public
Opinion
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652:
1670:
562:
was accused of scaremongering by New Zealand politician
1285:
Puppetmasters: The Political use of Terrorism in Italy
447:
311:cater to people's appetite for news about dangers.
1107:Creating fear: News and the construction of crisis
1210:"'Reckless' quake claims not helping, says Smith"
427:. Historically, the effect has been exploited by
2309:
1181:
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1309:
679:from gaining power and to pave the way for a
667:groups, and other attacks were attributed to
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894:Media Edge: Media Logic and Social Reality
539:will cause the audience's family harm, to
264:
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1252:
1049:"Classic Political Ad: Daisy Girl (1964)"
829:
519:
1237:
1104:
958:
891:
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627:an opponent, to pave the way for a more
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395:Collective fear is likely to produce an
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916:
439:, or preparing the population for war.
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1323:
1282:
1079:
1016:
1014:
973:
1297:
1202:
1182:Barbara Righton (December 18, 2006).
1129:
992:
976:Current Research in Social Psychology
615:A remarkable tactic is the so-called
303:history. The effect is amplified by
27:Deliberate use of fear-based tactics
1020:
1011:
856:
582:Fearmongering is routinely used in
13:
1240:Terrorism and the Politics of Fear
1157:"Making Fear-Based Campaigns Work"
931:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1980.tb01987.x
844:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1996.tb01487.x
812:. February 8, 2017. Archived from
359:effects, which may be intended or
48:
14:
2349:
448:Political campaign advertisements
233:
1960:Party platforms (or manifestos)
1276:
1261:
1246:
1231:
1216:
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1155:Nedra Weinreich (3 June 2006).
1148:
1123:
1098:
1084:. University of Chicago Press.
1073:
1061:from the original on 2021-12-19
1041:
997:. University Of Chicago Press.
986:
967:
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910:
885:
850:
802:
635:government, or to prevent the
380:. Fearmongering can produce a
355:Fearmongering can have strong
1:
2323:Political campaign techniques
1257:. Princeton University Press.
796:
499:
363:. One hypothesized effect is
2048:Rally 'round the flag effect
1223:Weimann, G; Winn, C (1994).
755:Missing-children milk carton
382:rally around the flag effect
7:
892:Altheide, David L. (2014).
734:Fear, uncertainty and doubt
686:
442:
342:compete over, according to
332:civil society organizations
10:
2354:
1212:. ONE News. 20 March 2011.
871:10.1177/107769909206900403
476:
15:
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1993:
1910:
1827:
1779:
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1580:
1507:
1397:
1389:Manipulation (psychology)
1331:
896:. Peter Lang Publishing.
651:in the 1960s to 1980s in
293:evolutionary anthropology
286:
1567:Criticism of advertising
1238:Altheide, D. L. (2006).
1105:Altheide, D. L. (2002).
1027:. Open Book Publishers.
948:. Sage. pp. 85–106.
919:Journal of Communication
832:Journal of Communication
2229:Promotional merchandise
1940:Character assassination
1877:Narcotizing dysfunction
1751:Photograph manipulation
1464:Guerrilla communication
1287:. Authors Choice Press.
596:Gulf of Tonkin incident
429:political entrepreneurs
397:authoritarian mentality
20:. For the TV show, see
2212:Product demonstrations
1641:Historical negationism
1268:Cento Bull, A (2007).
543:commercials that show
520:Product advertisements
508:is driving commercial
474:
69:Grassroots fundraising
53:
2144:Reputation management
2063:Psychological warfare
1912:Political campaigning
1721:Firehose of falsehood
1253:Ferraresi, F (1996).
1109:. Aldine de Gruyter.
993:Nacos, B. L. (2011).
621:political instability
584:psychological warfare
578:Psychological warfare
494:presidential campaign
473:"Daisy" advertisement
472:
435:government, avoiding
320:political campaigners
52:
42:Political campaigning
2179:Corporate propaganda
959:Glassner, B (1999).
859:Journalism Quarterly
297:evolutionary biology
167:Negative campaigning
2267:Media concentration
2139:Non-apology apology
2129:Cult of personality
1857:Emotive conjugation
1611:Burying of scholars
1190:on 23 February 2007
1163:on 24 December 2008
1057:. 26 October 2006.
785:Summer of the Shark
780:Strategy of tension
719:Emotional blackmail
617:strategy of tension
600:Shelling of Mainila
545:pathogenic bacteria
365:mean world syndrome
240:Politics portal
149:Post-truth politics
89:Opposition research
2250:Influence-for-hire
2043:National mythology
2013:Crowd manipulation
1902:Tabloid journalism
1771:Video manipulation
1716:Fictitious entries
1439:Civil disobedience
1325:Media manipulation
1283:Willan, P (1991).
1184:"Fear Advertising"
1080:Fuller, J (2010).
790:The Shock Doctrine
709:Crowd manipulation
655:. There were many
645:political violence
475:
374:lifestyle diseases
305:cultural evolution
54:
2305:
2304:
2071:Airborne leaflets
1950:Election promises
1804:Product placement
1679:Alternative facts
1419:Alternative media
1272:. Berghahn Books.
1242:. AltaMira Press.
1130:Greer, C (2003).
647:in the so-called
604:Operation Himmler
490:Lyndon B. Johnson
470:
378:traffic accidents
344:attention economy
274:
273:
194:Voter suppression
2345:
2338:Crowd psychology
2297:Media proprietor
2121:Public relations
2101:Public diplomacy
2086:Information (IT)
1965:Name recognition
1590:Media regulation
1572:Annoyance factor
1429:Call-out culture
1344:Crowd psychology
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1186:. Archived from
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1159:. Archived from
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504:Fierce economic
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217:Campaign manager
134:Get out the vote
129:Election promise
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2287:Media franchise
2272:Media democracy
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1989:
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704:Culture of fear
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588:smear campaigns
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574:, New Zealand.
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479:Gevald campaign
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437:democratization
425:regality theory
423:, according to
399:, desire for a
338:, and cultural
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139:Gevald campaign
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2018:Disinformation
2015:
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1980:Smear campaign
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1837:Agenda-setting
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1141:978-1843920045
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1116:978-1138521438
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1091:978-0226005027
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1034:978-1783744053
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1010:
1004:978-0226567198
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963:. Basic Books.
951:
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903:978-1433126451
902:
884:
865:(4): 825–836.
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819:
816:on 2017-02-08.
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699:Appeal to fear
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637:decolonization
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529:shockvertising
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477:Main article:
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281:scaremongering
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18:The Fearmonger
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401:strong leader
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390:US Presidents
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357:psychological
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350:Social agents
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291:According to
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277:Fearmongering
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179:Fearmongering
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22:Scare Tactics
19:
2282:Media ethics
2202:Door-to-door
2197:Cold calling
2174:Weasel words
2081:Fifth column
2022:
1975:Push polling
1925:Astroturfing
1887:Pseudo-event
1867:Infotainment
1842:Broadcasting
1761:Urban legend
1684:April Fools'
1557:Testimonials
1527:Infomercials
1354:Dumbing down
1284:
1278:
1269:
1263:
1254:
1248:
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1192:. Retrieved
1188:the original
1177:
1165:. Retrieved
1161:the original
1150:
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1125:
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1081:
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1063:. Retrieved
1052:
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994:
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979:
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925:(3): 10–29.
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893:
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858:
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838:(3): 32–47.
835:
831:
814:the original
804:
765:Project Fear
750:Manipulation
745:Intimidation
614:
608:
581:
572:Christchurch
557:
541:disinfectant
523:
503:
483:
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409:punitiveness
394:
354:
348:
340:event makers
336:missionaries
313:
301:evolutionary
290:
280:
276:
275:
178:
94:Consultation
33:Part of the
2328:Advertising
2154:Sound bites
2134:Doublespeak
1985:Wedge issue
1945:Dog whistle
1920:Advertising
1746:Lying press
1731:Gaslighting
1509:Advertising
1484:Occupations
1374:Obfuscation
1364:Half-truths
760:Moral panic
665:neo-fascist
547:lurking on
533:manipulated
525:Advertisers
506:competition
419:, and less
413:intolerance
328:advertisers
114:Advertising
2333:Propaganda
2312:Categories
2255:Media bias
2111:Subversion
2076:False flag
2053:Techniques
1995:Propaganda
1955:Lawn signs
1935:Canvassing
1829:News media
1585:Censorship
1517:Billboards
1469:Hacktivism
1459:Grassroots
1384:Persuasion
1227:. Longman.
1194:15 January
1167:15 January
982:(1): 1–12.
797:References
770:Propaganda
729:False flag
681:neofascist
677:communists
673:false flag
661:right-wing
592:False flag
564:Nick Smith
553:persuasion
510:mass media
500:Mass media
417:xenophobia
405:discipline
361:unintended
316:news media
309:news media
206:Key people
144:Lawn signs
119:Canvassing
82:Management
2217:Promotion
2096:Political
2003:Bandwagon
1930:Attack ad
1809:Publicity
1781:Marketing
1694:Fake news
1656:Religious
1651:Political
1631:Euphemism
1626:Cover-ups
1621:Corporate
1489:Petitions
1379:Orwellian
1349:Deception
1065:25 August
879:144203162
775:Red Scare
724:Fake news
714:Demagogue
669:left-wing
657:terrorist
610:Terrorism
514:arms race
421:democracy
403:, strict
386:terrorist
370:abduction
307:when the
212:Candidate
184:Push poll
174:Attack ad
2164:Transfer
2106:Sedition
1970:Negative
1882:Newspeak
1872:Managing
1814:Research
1789:Branding
1741:Literary
1706:Fakelore
1699:websites
1689:Deepfake
1646:Internet
1537:Modeling
1494:Protests
1474:Internet
1407:Advocacy
1399:Activism
1059:Archived
694:Alarmism
687:See also
641:colonies
560:Ken Ring
443:Examples
2243:Related
2222:Spaving
2207:Pricing
2149:Slogans
2091:Lawfare
2028:Framing
2008:Big lie
1799:Product
1794:Loyalty
1726:Forgery
1671:Hoaxing
1552:Slogans
1532:Mobiles
1424:Boycott
1332:Context
1054:YouTube
633:fascist
558:Author
537:airbags
107:Message
62:Finance
1847:Circus
1756:Racial
1138:
1113:
1088:
1031:
1001:
900:
877:
625:defame
602:, and
598:, the
287:Theory
2189:Sales
1892:Scrum
1852:Cycle
1766:Virus
1636:Films
1601:Books
1542:Radio
1522:False
1499:Youth
1479:Media
1412:group
1369:Media
875:S2CID
740:Fnord
736:(FUD)
653:Italy
623:, to
485:Daisy
279:, or
2318:Fear
2159:Spin
1736:List
1661:Self
1339:Bias
1196:2009
1169:2009
1136:ISBN
1111:ISBN
1086:ISBN
1067:2010
1029:ISBN
999:ISBN
898:ISBN
663:and
295:and
1547:Sex
927:doi
867:doi
840:doi
639:of
631:or
570:in
492:'s
376:or
2314::
1562:TV
1051:.
1013:^
980:10
978:.
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921:.
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822:^
606:.
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